EP2736709A1

EP2736709A1 - Manually operated press

Info

Publication number: EP2736709A1
Application number: EP12759350.7A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Hartmut Babiel
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2011-07-28
Filing date: 2012-07-26
Publication date: 2014-06-04
Also published as: DE102011080030A1; US20140251166A1; CA2842490A1; WO2013013671A1; BR112014001667A2

Abstract

The invention relates to a manually operated press, comprising a cam disc (202) that is pivotably mounted about an axis, an actuation member (203, 220) that acts upon the cam disc (202) for producing a pivoting movement, a press slide (105) and a press stand (101) that accommodates the press slide (101) allowing it to perform a stroke movement. The pivoting movement triggered by the actuation member (203, 220) is converted by the cam disc (202) into a stroke movement of the primary piston (205) and is transferred to the press slide via the hydraulic line (107) and the secondary piston (104).

Description

Hand-operated press

The invention relates to a hand-operated press as known for example from GB 437 540 (A). It comprises a cam plate pivotally mounted about an axis, a Be ^¬ tätigungsorgan in the form of a hand lever, which acts on the cam to produce a pivoting movement, a press ram and a press stand, which accommodates the press ram enabling a lifting movement. In this hand-operated press thus the pivoting movement of the hand lever is converted via the cam in a lifting movement of the press ram.

Hand-operated presses are commonly used to assemble serial components, with the operator having to perform many consecutive press movements. As a result of the fatigue occurring, it may happen that the working stroke is not completely carried out, resulting in faulty workpieces. This is prevented by so-called Rückhubsperren which the return stroke of _. Prevent press ram, as long as a predetermined target position has not been reached.

Common hand-operated presses, which have a stroke lock, are known from DE 43 14 062 AI, DE 199 59 627 AI, DE 102 23 153 Cl. In these presses, power is transmitted from a hand lever to the press ram, either via a toggle mechanism or a combination of rack and pinion. Due to the design of the hand lever for actuating the aforementioned presses is fixedly mounted on the shaft of the gear or the toggle lever, which often makes a flexible ergonomic arrangement of the actuator impossible. In the rack presses mentioned, the transmission ratio of force and displacement remains constant throughout the press stroke. This means that the operator must carry out a large working movement for the infeed stroke before the actual pressing process, although no pressing force has yet been applied. The movement during the actual pressing operation results in large actuating forces, since the translation is not changed. Even the less common hydraulic manual presses have this disadvantage.

The mentioned toggle presses have respect to pressing force and lever travel on a ratio which is determined by the geometry of the toggle lever used. Characteristic here are the larger stroke of the ram at the beginning of Ar ^¬ beitshubs and greater pressure forces with a slight movement of the press ram shortly before the extended position of the toggle.

As a return stroke lock usually error-prone and cumbersome adjustable to the respective operation mechanical locking mechanisms are ^¬ sets in the described machines. Over overload protection, which prevents the application to large pressing forces, such simple presses do not have.

Alternatively, very complex electronically controlled brakes and clutches are used. The control signals are derived from force and displacement sensors. In these presses, the lift lock can be made at any point of the stroke, an overload protection is also possible. Due to the design of these machines are comparatively very complicated and expensive. The presses described above are widely used in industry and have proven themselves in long practical use, but various improvements would certainly be desirable.

A disadvantage of the described presses is that the position and the actuating direction of the actuator can not be freely selected according to ergonomic aspects. Since the actuator is usually mounted on top of the machine, the gripping movement for He ^¬ rich of the actuator falls far and high and makes fatigue-free working.

Another disadvantage is that the presses above type have a fixed by the design gear ratio, which can be adapted only to a limited extent to the desirable for different operations force curve. The production of long press-in or stamping of components with toggle presses often scheitet because that is the pressing force required shortly before reaching the extended position of the toggle lever to Ver ^¬ addition. With the mentioned rack presses and hydraulic presses larger pressing forces can not be achieved and the working movement of the operator during the delivery stroke is not ergonomic. The subsequent change of the ratio ^¬ ratio on an existing machine is not possible.

A further disadvantage is that the lifting stops used either operate imprecisely over a plurality of locking positions and are cumbersome to adjust, or are very complicated and expensive. A further disadvantage is that the ^{presses mentioned} do not have an overload safety device which limits the maximum pressing force to be applied to the workpiece. A further disadvantage is that the ^{presses mentioned} have no means with which the press-in speed can be limited.

Another disadvantage is that when reaching a predetermined target position or Zielpresskraft no automatic return of the press ram takes place.

The invention has for its object to provide a hand-operated press of the type mentioned, with the above problems are solved.

In particular, a cost-effective press is created who ^¬ which permits any spatial arrangement and Actuate the ^¬ supply direction of the actuating member, which allows arbitrary ges continuously variable gear ratio by hand lever for Pres ^¬ senstößel that can be adapted easily to different Press ^¬ operations, which has a detent-free Hub ^¬ lock, an overload protection and a way to Be ^¬ limitation of the lifting speed, which has an automatic return of the press ram when reaching a pre ^¬ given target position or target pressure and with simple, robust sensors for monitoring, recording and documentation of the occurring pressing forces can be equipped.

A sensor system for recording the quality-relevant force-displacement curve in the control unit is known, for example, from DE 102 23 153 C1. In a hand-operated press of the type mentioned above, this object is achieved by the characterizing features of claim 1. An ^¬ . Advantageous embodiments of the invention are described in the subclaims.

The actuated by the actuator pivoting movement is converted according to the cam through the cam in a stroke of Pri ^¬ märkolbens and transmitted via the hydraulic line and the secondary piston on the press ram.

To ensure that the pressing movement is carried out completely, a return stroke lock can be provided, which is designed as a pilot-operated check valve between the hydraulic cylinders.

By the releasable non-return valve, the press has a continuous return stroke which does not need to be set for the jewei ^¬ time operation and the unlocked hydraulically on reaching a predetermined target position of the plunger mechanically, or upon reaching a target pressing force through an adjustable pressure relief valve is and thus initiates an automatic return of the press ram. To achieve an optimal working ergonomics for the Bedie- ner of the actual press ram and the Betätigungsein ^¬ unit for the primary cylinder are separate. Due to the separation of primary and secondary cylinder spatial arrangement and operating direction of the actuator can be freely selected.

Sensitive workpieces can easily be damaged by excessive pressing forces or excessive ^{insertion speed} . To avoid this, the use of a adjustable throttle valve between the primary and working cylinder limiting the insertion speed, the ^¬ adjustable pressure relief valve prevents the application to large pressing forces.

To monitor the forces occurring during the production of the press connection, the pressing force can be measured via a pressure sensor in the hydraulic circuit and compared with predetermined limit values.

The transmission ratio of force and displacement between Actu ^¬ supply member and press ram can be easily adapted to different operations in a simple manner by the use of a suitable cam. An adaptation of the geometry of the cam allows the optimization of the Über ^¬ tion at each point of the working stroke. For different operations a simple adjustment by replacing the cam is possible. Alternatively, it is also possible to adapt the ratio by using segments with different pitches on the same cam.

Further advantages will become apparent from the descriptions below ^¬ NEN and illustrated in the figures embodiments. It is understood that the aforementioned features and can be used for illustrative advantages not only in the angege ^¬ surrounded combination but also alone or other combinations of ^¬ standing still, without departing from the scope of the invention.

Show it: Figure 1 is a schematic side view of the invention ^shown SEN press,

Figure 2 shows a variant of the press analogous to Figure 1, and

Figure 3 shows a variant of the operating unit of the press analogous to Figure 1 or Figure 2. Reference numeral 100 indicates a total pressing or Ar ^¬ beitseinheit, reference numeral 200 an associated Bedienein ^¬ unit.

In FIG. 1, the working unit 100 has a press stand 101 which stands, for example, on an underframe or a workbench. With the press stand 101, a head part 102 is connected, which may also be adjustable in height.

In the head part 102 is a hydraulic secondary cylinder 103. The lower part of a secondary piston 104 of the secondary ^¬ cylinder 103 is connected to a press ram 105, which is pressed in the direction of a countertop 106. Via a hydraulic line 107, the secondary cylinder 103 is pressurized. The pressing speed can be limited via a throttle valve 108. A return spring 109 serves to reset the secondary cylinder 103 after successful ^¬ tem stroke. A check valve 110 prevents but to ^¬ next the return stroke. An adjusting part 111 is mounted on the secondary piston 104 adjustable ^¬ bar and allows in conjunction with a mechanically operated hydraulic valve 112, a return flow of the hydraulic Oil via a return line 113 and thus an initiation of the return stroke after an adjustable pressing.

An adjustable and pressure-actuated hydraulic valve 114, which is connected to the secondary cylinder 103, also permits the return flow of the hydraulic oil via the return line 113 and thus the initiation of the return stroke after reaching an adjustable pressing force after the switchover at set pressure. The operating unit 200 has a frame 201, on which a cam 202 is mounted rotatably mounted and can be rotated by means of a hand lever 203. In the lower part of the frame 201, a hydraulic primary cylinder 204 is attached. On a primary piston 205 of the primary cylinder 204, a pressure roller 206 is attached, a return spring 207 serves to return the primary piston 205 of the primary cylinder 204, which is connected via a check valve 208 to a storage container 209. By the actuation of the hand lever 203 is over the curves ^¬ disc 202 and the pressure roller 206 of the primary piston and 205 downwardly thereby creating the necessary for the pressing pressure which the working unit 100 is fed via the Hydrau ^¬ likleitung 107th With a Druckbegrenzungsven- til 210 the force applied to the workpiece pressing force can be ^¬ borders.

Since the return of the pressurized hydraulic oil is prevented by the check valve 110 until the completion of the pressing operation in the working unit 100, the pri ^¬ märkolben 205 can perform a return stroke even when pressurized working part 100, wherein hydraulic oil flows from the Speicherbe ^¬ container 209 via the check valve 208 , To this Way, especially for large translations as are necessary for achieving high pressing forces, by multi ^¬ fachhübe the control unit 200 enables large strokes with larger press ^¬ forces.

A second preferred embodiment of the press is shown in FIG.

In this arrangement, the hydraulic valves 108, 110, 112, 114 on the working unit 100 are omitted. Instead, an electrically operated hydraulic valve 120 with working, blocking and return position, a pressure sensor 121 and a displacement measuring system 122 are used, which with an electronic control unit 123 are connected. The arrangement allows a recording of the quality-relevant force-displacement curve in the control unit 123.

Via a suitable control of the hydraulic valve 120 by the control unit 123 can now, depending on the sensor signals force and / or path and of the stored in the control unit 123 quality characteristics of the Presskraftverlaufs the press ram 105, the pressing released, the return stroke initiated or the press ram 105 spatially determined. A preferred embodiment of the operating unit 200 is shown in ^FIG .

The hand lever 203 of the operating unit 200 is replaced by a simple electric motor 220 without reversing the direction of rotation. The press thus formed allowed in start-stop mode Single ^¬ strokes or in continuous operation continuous operation. The chosen on ^¬ construction is unlike traditional hydraulic presses energy only for performing of press work and not in Stand-by consumed. Since the return of the press ram be ^¬ already at the preset pressing force, or the pre give ^¬ NEN compression distance is effected, can be dispensed with a reverse rotation of the motor for the return flow, without any overload of the press would be feared.

Reference sign list

100 work unit

101 press stand

102 headboard

103 secondary cylinders

104 secondary piston

105 press ram

106 worktop

107 hydraulic line

108 throttle valve

109 return spring

110 check valve

111 setting part

112 hydraulic valve

113 return

114 hydraulic valve

120 hydraulic valve

121 pressure sensor

122 Distance sensor

123 control unit

200 operating unit

201 frame

202 cam

203 Hand lever

204 primary cylinder

205 primary piston

206 pressure roller

207 return spring

208 check valve

209 storage tanks

210 Pressure relief valve 220 Electric motor

Claims

claims

Hand-operated press with

a cam plate (202) mounted pivotably about an axis,

- An actuator (203, 220) on the

Cam (202) acts to produce a pivoting movement,

- A press ram (105) and

- A press stand (101), which receives the press ram (105) enabling a lifting movement, e e n c e c e n e d d e r c h

- An operating unit (200) with

- A primary cylinder (204), the

- Has a primary piston (205), and

- A secondary cylinder (103), the

- Has a secondary piston (104) which in turn is connected to the press ram (105), and

- At least one hydraulic line (107) for hydraulic coupling between the primary cylinder (204) and the

Secondary cylinder (103), so that by the actuating member (203, 220) triggered pivotal movement by the cam (202) in a lifting movement of the primary piston (205) and via the hydraulic line (107) and the secondary piston (104) on the press ram (105 ) is transmitted. Press according to claim 1, characterized by

a Rückhubsperre acting between the primary cylinder (204) and the secondary cylinder (103).

Press according to claim 2, characterized in that the return stroke lock in the form of

- a pilot operated check valve (110)

is provided.

Press according to claim 2, characterized in that the Rückhubsperre is designed such that a backward movement is prevented before a certain pressing force and / or a predetermined position of the press ^¬ tappet (105) is reached.

Press according to one or more of claims 1 to 4, e e c e c e n e d e r c h

- A return spring (207) acting on the primary piston (205), and

- A storage container (209) connected to the primary cylinder (203) via

a check valve (208) is connected in such a way that the operating unit (200) permits one of the return stroke of the press ram (105) independent return stroke of the primary piston (205) and sequential Mehrfachhübe made ^¬ light.

Press according to one or more of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the operating unit (200) ^¬ be supplied as a separate assembly and anor- locally separated from the other components is Denbar.

Press according to one or more of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that a

- A pressure relief valve (210) for limiting the

applied pressing force and / or

- A throttle valve (108) for limiting the

Grouting

are provided, which act between the primary cylinder (204) and the secondary cylinder (103).

Press according to one or more of claims 1 to 7, e e c e c e n e d e r c h

- A control unit (123), the by sensor signals

built between primary cylinder (204) and secondary cylinder (103)

- controls hydraulic valve (120), so that the press ram (105) at each point of a Pres ^¬ senhubs in forward direction or a return stroke is spatially positionable in the reverse direction.

9. Press according to claim 8, e e c e e n c e e n c e s t e r c h

- A pressure sensor (121) for measuring the hydraulic pressure or the pressing force to lock the return stroke until a predetermined pressing force is reached, or to lock the press stroke when a maximum predetermined pressing force is exceeded.

10. Press according to claim 8, e e c e e n c e e n c e e n c e

- A Wegmesssensor (122) for measuring the Pressenhubs to lock the return stroke until a predetermined position of the press ram (105) is reached, or to lock the press ^¬ hub when a maximum predetermined press travel is exceeded ü.

11. Press according to claim 9 or 10, in that a control unit (123) is designed in such a way as to determine the quality of the press connection from the pressing forces applied during the execution of the pressing operation.

12. Press according to claim 11, characterized that the control unit (123) is adapted such that the return stroke or a further stroke of the press will only be enabled if the controller (123) a well-pressure ermit ^¬ telt.

13. Press according to claim 11, characterized in that the cam disc (202) is interchangeable.

14. A press according to one or more of claims 1 to 12, a d a c e c o v e c e s e c e n e,

that the actuator

- a hand lever (203) or

- Is an electric motor (220).