EP2731762B1 - Unite porte-outil d'une machine pour usiner des blocks ou dalles de pierre, machine comportant une telle unite pour usiner des blocks ou dalles de pierre - Google Patents

Unite porte-outil d'une machine pour usiner des blocks ou dalles de pierre, machine comportant une telle unite pour usiner des blocks ou dalles de pierre Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2731762B1
EP2731762B1 EP12748784.1A EP12748784A EP2731762B1 EP 2731762 B1 EP2731762 B1 EP 2731762B1 EP 12748784 A EP12748784 A EP 12748784A EP 2731762 B1 EP2731762 B1 EP 2731762B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tool
holder
spindle
magnets
free end
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EP12748784.1A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP2731762A1 (fr
Inventor
Luigi Guazzoni
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GMM SpA
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GMM SpA
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27B—SAWS FOR WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; COMPONENTS OR ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • B27B5/00—Sawing machines working with circular or cylindrical saw blades; Components or equipment therefor
    • B27B5/29—Details; Component parts; Accessories
    • B27B5/30—Details; Component parts; Accessories for mounting or securing saw blades or saw spindles
    • B27B5/32—Devices for securing circular saw blades to the saw spindle

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a tool-holder unit of a machine for machining block or slab materials, in particular, but not exclusively, stone materials, such as for example, marble and granite.
  • the invention also relates to a machine for machining block or slab materials including such a tool-holder unit and to a method for machining block or slab materials which may be carried out by means of such a machine.
  • machining is used herein to indicate any operation carried out on a piece of material (block or slab), such as for example cutting, drilling, squaring, shaping, and the like.
  • Machines for machining block or slab materials essentially comprise a table which defines a working plane on which the block or slab to be machined is laid, a tool-holder unit to which a machining tool, for example a circular blade or a mill, is associated, a displacing apparatus of the tool-holder unit and a drive and control unit equipped with a suitable operator interface.
  • the term "displacing apparatus” is used to indicate an apparatus adapted to cause any movement of the tool-holder unit, be it by translation or by rotation.
  • the tool-holder unit has a plurality of supply lines connected thereto, for example an electrical line or a line for feeding a cooling fluid to the machining tool.
  • the displacing apparatus is mounted on a horizontal bridge which rests on walls or other vertical supporting structures.
  • the machining operations which the piece of material is subjected to may comprise cutting the material by means of a circular blade, plus other kinds of machining operations (drilling, squaring, shaping, etc.) to be carried out by means of additional machining tools, such as drills and mills of different types and sizes.
  • these additional tools are mounted on suitable tool-holders, which are associated to the tool-holder unit of the aforementioned machine, carrying the circular blade, by means of a suitable coupling assembly.
  • this perfect alignment is achieved by means of a positioning system comprising suitable sensors of the angular position (for example of the encoder type) and suitable devices of the inverter type capable of rotating the spindle with millimetric precision, so as to allow the desired correct alignment of the elements cooperating in abutment relationship of the mechanical coupling device.
  • a plurality of magnets having the same polarity are associated to the base body and a plurality of magnets having the same polarity but opposite to the previous one are associated to the tool-holder, so as to hold the base body and the tool-holder together by means of the magnetic attraction.
  • a tool holder unit according to the preamble of claim 1 and a method for machining bloc or slab materials are knownfrom WO2011/145005A1 , which is an intermediate document pursuant to Article 54(3) EPC.
  • such a positioning system necessarily involves very slow movements of the spindle, in particular in the final step of its rotation immediately prior to reaching the desired perfect alignment between the elements of the mechanical coupling device, with an undesired increase of the time needed to change a tool and to carry out a machining of the materials.
  • the Applicant has thus realised the possibility of overcoming the aforementioned drawbacks and, more specifically, the possibility of providing a tool-holder unit of a machine for machining block or slab materials and a machine that incorporates such a unit, by intervening on the structural and functional characteristics of the coupling assembly of the tool-holder to the spindle in such a way as to impart to such an assembly advantageous features of automatic self-centring of the elements which constitute the same.
  • the present invention relates to a tool-holder unit of a machine for machining block or slab materials as defined in claim 1.
  • the invention relates to a tool-holder unit moveable above a working plane of said machine on which the block or slab material to be machined is laid, wherein the tool-holder unit comprises:
  • the coupling assembly of the tool-holder unit of the invention has automatic self-centring characteristics of the element which constitute the same, which characteristics greatly simplify the structure of the devices for positioning and moving the spindle and speed up the assembling/disassembling operations of the tool-holders on the tool-holder unit, overcoming the aforementioned drawbacks of the cited prior art.
  • the magnetic fields generated by the magnets with opposite polarities arranged next to each other and associated to the free end of the tool-holder and to the front free end of the spindle in fact, cause a rotation of the tool-holder which brings into perfect mutual alignment both the magnets of opposite polarity associated to the spindle and to the tool-holder, and the elements cooperating in abutment relationship that form the mechanical coupling device (for example, the driving pegs and the respective housing seats associated to the free end of the tool-holder and to the front free end of the spindle).
  • the tool-holder rotates about its longitudinal axis until the magnets of opposite polarity arranged alternating with each other and associated to the spindle and to the tool-holder are brought into mutual alignment, whereas a subsequent approaching movement between the spindle and the tool-holder causes the respective magnets having opposite polarity to adhere to each other, completing the coupling between the machining tool associated to the tool-holder and the spindle of the machine for machining the material.
  • a perfect mutual alignment of the elements cooperating in abutment relationship which form the mechanical coupling device (for example, the driving pegs and the respective housing seats associated to the free end of the tool-holder and to the front free end of the spindle) is also achieved.
  • the assembling of the different tool-holders on the spindle is not only quick and simple, but is also obtained with a tool-holder unit which is mechanically simple and less expensive than the corresponding units of the prior art since the position sensors and the inverter described above are no longer necessary.
  • the tool-holder unit of the present invention also achieves improved characteristics of reliability since its operation in an automatic tool change is no longer subject to possible failures of the positioning sensors and of the inverter.
  • the circumferential alternation of the magnets at the front free end of the spindle and at the free end of the tool-holder can be achieved both by individually alternating the magnets of opposite polarity according to a north-south arrangement, or by alternating groups of magnets having opposite polarity, for example according to a north-north/south-south arrangement.
  • the specific arrangement of the circumferential alternation of the magnets and the number of magnets included in each of the aforementioned groups can be determined by a man skilled in the art as a function of the characteristics and of the overall number of magnets so as to achieve the desired automatic alignment between the elements which constitute the coupling assembly as illustrated in the present description.
  • the aforementioned first and second magnets are associated to a tool-holder coupling element associated to the front free end of the spindle.
  • a spindle of substantially conventional type having a diameter typically smaller than that of the tool-holder coupling element which is associated thereto (and on which the first and second magnets are arranged), with a consequent reduction of the manufacturing costs.
  • the tool-holder coupling element comprises a threaded cylindrical portion in screwing engagement in a corresponding cylindrical seat provided in the front free end of the spindle.
  • the aforementioned first and second magnets are preferably associated to a coupling flange of the tool-holder coupling element and the aforementioned third and fourth magnets are associated to a respective coupling flange of the tool-holder.
  • the first magnets are circumferentially arranged alternating with the second magnets in the coupling flange of the tool-holder coupling element
  • the third magnets are circumferentially arranged alternating with the fourth magnets in the respective coupling flange of the tool-holder.
  • the number of each of said first, second, third and fourth magnets is comprised between three and six.
  • the total number of magnets with opposite polarities associated to the front free end of the spindle or, if present, to the tool-holder coupling element associated to the front free end of the spindle or, respectively, associated to the free end of the tool-holder is preferably comprised between 6 and 12.
  • the coupling assembly comprises 16 magnets, 8 of which are associated to the front free end of the spindle or, if present, to the tool-holder coupling element associated to the front free end of the spindle (4 with north polarity and, respectively, 4 with south polarity) and 8 of which are associated to the free end of the tool-holder (4 with north polarity and, respectively, 4 with south polarity).
  • the maximum rotation of the tool-holder with respect to the spindle may have an angular value of 60° in the case of 6 magnets progressively reducing to 30° in the case of 12 magnets for each element of the coupling assembly.
  • the first and the second magnets can be arranged in the front free end of the spindle or, if present, in the tool-holder coupling element associated to the front free end of the spindle according to a single annular array or, alternatively, according to a plurality of concentric annular arrays.
  • the magnets are in both cases circumferentially arranged at an equal distance from each other.
  • the magnets arranged in the radially innermost annular array can be circumferentially interposed with the magnets arranged in the radially outermost array(s).
  • the aforementioned preferred arrangements are also foreseen for the third and fourth magnets associated to the free end of the tool-holder achieving analogous advantageous technical effects.
  • the aforementioned first, second, third and fourth magnets are substantially flush-mounted in the front free end of the spindle, or, if present, in the tool-holder coupling element associated to the front free end of the spindle and/or in the free end of the tool-holder. In this way, it is possible to achieve an optimal adhesion between the elements which constitute the coupling assembly without the formation of gaps in which dust or other particulate material generated by the machining carried out on the material may be deposited.
  • the coupling assembly of the tool-holder unit of the invention further comprises a frusto-conical guide, coaxially extending from the tool-holder, and a corresponding frusto-conical seat, formed in the front free end of the spindle or, if present, in the tool-holder coupling element associated to said front free end.
  • the frusto-conical guide and the corresponding frusto-conical seat allow to achieve a coupling with a perfect coaxiality between the tool-holder and the spindle (or between the tool-holder and the tool-holder coupling element).
  • the elements cooperating in abutment relationship of the mechanical coupling device of the coupling assembly comprise:
  • the invention relates to a machine for machining block or slab materials, comprising a working plane on which the block or slab material to be machined is laid and a tool-holder unit according to any one of claims 1-7.
  • the machine of the invention further comprises a handling unit coupled to the tool-holder unit and provided with gripping means of the block or slab material to be machined, wherein the gripping means are mobile between a first non-operative position, distal with respect to the working plane, and a second operative position, proximal with respect to the working plane, the gripping means being rotatable between the first non-operative position and the second operative position.
  • the machine of the invention is advantageously capable both to carry out machining with the circular blade on the block or slab material and to carry out movements of the latter in a very quick and simple manner.
  • the tool-holder unit is movable along two axes X and Y perpendicular to each other and parallel to the working plane, is movable along an axis Z perpendicular to the axes X and Y and is rotatable about an axis substantially perpendicular to the axis Z, whereas the gripping means are rotatable about an axis substantially perpendicular to the axis Z.
  • the aforementioned machine preferably comprises a displacing apparatus of the tool-holder unit and a support structure of the displacing apparatus and of the tool-holder unit above the working plane, the gripping means being integrally coupled to the tool-holder unit.
  • the gripping means and the tool-holder unit rotate in an integral manner.
  • the term "support structure" is used to identify a set of structural elements assembled to support the tool-holder unit and the corresponding displacing apparatus above the working plane.
  • the tool-holder unit is hinged in turn to the corresponding displacing apparatus and is rotatable between:
  • the machine achieves important characteristics of flexibility of use: the machine is in fact advantageously capable of carrying out working operations with the circular blade on the block or slab material, of carrying out working operations with the second machining tool if present or of carrying out movements of the block or slab material if the second machining tool is not associated to the tool-holder unit.
  • the rotation of said tool-holder unit is preferably comprised between 0° and 90°.
  • the tool-holder unit is rotatable about the axis Z. This feature allows to incline the tool with respect to the axes X and Y.
  • the aforementioned gripping means are of pneumatic type.
  • each suction cup can for example be defined by a shaped gasket applied to the protective element of the circular blade, or else to the aforementioned plate associated to such a protective element, so as to circumscribe a corresponding surface portion thereof and the suction ducts are partially formed in the material of the protective element, or of the plate, and are open in the surface delimited by the gasket.
  • the handling unit preferably comprises one or more on-off valves of the suction ducts. More preferably, such valves are solenoid valves that can be actuated by an external drive and control unit.
  • the suction cups abut against the block or slab material being machined
  • the protective element, or the plate associated to such a protective element rest on the block or slab material being machined
  • the gaskets are at least partially compressed against the surface of the block or slab material being machined; the opening of the on-off valves of the suction ducts allows to create a vacuum in the volume comprised between the block or slab material being machined and the protective element (or the plate), actually achieving a suction effect.
  • a lifting movement of the gripping means and/or of the tool-holder unit along the axis Z causes a corresponding lifting movement of the block or slab material being machined, which can consequently be repositioned.
  • the closing of the suction ducts causes the recovery of the pressure in the volume comprised between the block or slab material and the protective element (or the plate) and the consequent release of the block or slab material.
  • the magnetic interaction between the magnets with opposite polarities arranged next to each other and associated to the free end of the tool-holder and the magnets with opposite polarities arranged next to each other and associated to the front free end of the spindle induces a rotation of the tool-holder with respect to the spindle adapted to bring in a substantially aligned arrangement both the magnets of opposite polarity associated to the spindle and to the tool-holder, and the elements cooperating in abutment relationship of the mechanical coupling device of the coupling assembly.
  • the elements cooperating in abutment relationship of the mechanical coupling device of the coupling assembly comprise:
  • the machining method of the invention further comprises the step of storing a plurality of second machining tools and of tool-holders associated thereto in a substantially rack-type storage device provided with locking elements of the tool-holders.
  • a table 101 is shown defining a working plane 102.
  • the table can be stationary, such as in the illustrated example, or motorised and rotatable about a vertical rotation axis, not shown.
  • the table 101 is not part of the machine 100; alternatively, the table 101 can be a component of the machine 100.
  • the block or slab material to be machined is indicated with reference numeral 200.
  • the machine 100 comprises a tool-holder unit 10, a corresponding displacing apparatus 1 and a support structure 104.
  • the support structure 104 has the function of keeping the tool-holder unit 10 and the corresponding displacing apparatus 1 suspended above the working plane 102, on which the material 200 is positioned.
  • the support structure 104 comprises a bridge 105 which rests, at its ends, on walls 106 or other equivalent supporting structures, extending in a direction perpendicular to the bridge 105 itself.
  • the support structure 104 thus comprises at least the elements 105 and 106.
  • the shaft 3 is movable along its longitudinal axis Z - extending in a substantially vertical direction in the use configuration of the machine 100 - thanks to the presence of linear actuators 5 fixedly connected to the upper end of the shaft 3, for example fixedly connected at the reduction gear 4, and to the trolley 2.
  • the apparatus 1 also has the function of guiding supply lines 6 towards the tool-holder unit 10.
  • the supply lines 6 preferably comprise at least one electrical supply line and at least one supply line of a fluid, for example water, intended to cool the machine tools of the tool-holder unit 10 during operation.
  • a fluid for example water
  • the shaft 3 is hollow and the supply lines 6 are housed in a corresponding inner cavity.
  • the displacing apparatus 1 is also arranged to rotate the tool-holder unit 10 about the axis Z.
  • Such a rotation, imparted by a motor through interposition of the reduction gear 4, is indicated by the arrow W.
  • the displacing apparatus 1 is movable along the bridge 105 and the latter is movable parallel to the direction of extension Y of the walls 106.
  • the displacing apparatus 1, and along therewith the tool-holder unit 10 may therefore be moved parallel to the working plane 102 along two axes perpendicular to each other (directions X and Y) and, as explained above, may be moved parallel to the axis Z and rotated about this axis (rotation W).
  • a first machining tool in the form of a circular blade 11, is associated to the tool-holder unit 10 to carry out cutting operations.
  • a tool-holder 50 Figs. 8, 9
  • a second machining tool schematically illustrated in Fig. 8 with reference numeral 28, for example a slot mill, a grinder, a drill bit, etc, may be removably coupled to the tool-holder unit 10.
  • the tool-holder unit 10 essentially comprises a spindle 12, preferably actuated by an electric motor 17, such that the spindle 12 is also known in the field with the term of electro-spindle.
  • the spindle 12 is capable of rotating the circular blade 11 associated thereto.
  • the spindle 12 is supported by the fork-shaped body 13 of the displacing apparatus 1 integral with the shaft 3.
  • the spindle 12 is rotatably supported by means of rotation pins 15 about a respective rotation axis E-E, substantially perpendicular to the vertical axis Z.
  • the spindle 12 and the circular blade 11 can be tilted with respect to the fork-shaped body 13.
  • the tool-holder unit 10 may rotate about the axis E-E (the fork-shaped body 13, on the other hand, does not rotate about the same axis E-E).
  • the fork-shaped body 13 rotates integrally with the shaft 3 about the axis Z (rotation W).
  • the tool-holder unit 10 thus preferably comprises at least the elements 11, 12, 14 and 17, but not the support body 13 which is part of the displacing apparatus 1.
  • the tool-holder unit 10 comprises a motor 14 adapted to move the spindle 12 about the rotation axis E-E to vary the angle of inclination of the spindle 12 with respect to the shaft 3.
  • the circular blade 11 can be moved according to a further direction of rotation, indicated at R in the figures, to easily make, for example, inclined cuts or shaped profiles.
  • the machining tool 11 is at least partially covered by a protective element or casing 16, as shown in Figs. 1-4 .
  • the machine 100 comprises a handling unit 20 having the function of holding the material 200 suspended above the working plane 102, allowing the same to be repositioned.
  • the handling unit 20 is of pneumatic type and comprises gripping means provided with one or more pneumatically-activated suction cups 21a, tiltable between an initial non-operative position, in which the suction cups 21a cannot interact with the material 200 irrespective of the position of the shaft 3, and a final operative position, in which the suction cups 21a can come in contact with the upper surface of the material 200 when the shaft 3 is lowered along the axis Z onto the same material 200.
  • the gripping means of the handling unit 20 comprises a plate 21 with corresponding suction cups 21a, and the plate 21 is integrally fixed to the tool-holder unit 10 and is rotatable along therewith about the axis E-E.
  • the plate 21 is fixed by means of screws 21b to the protective element 16 of the circular blade 11.
  • the plate 21 can be omitted and the suction cups of the gripping means of the handling unit 20 are directly formed in the protective element 16.
  • the rotating motor 14 is at least partially integrated with at least one of the rotation pins 15.
  • the motor 14 is a brushless motor.
  • the motor 14 preferably comprises a reduction gear (not shown in the figures).
  • the suction cups 21a are defined by the plate 21 and by one or more gaskets which delimit one or more areas on the surface of the plate 21 (i.e. the surface that can lie parallel to the upper surface of the material 200).
  • the areas delimited by the gaskets have a closed perimeter, for example rectangular, circular or of a different shape.
  • the plate 21 of the handling unit 20 preferably comprises three gaskets 22, 23a and 23b housed in suitable grooves formed in the material of the plate 21.
  • the gaskets 22, 23a and 23b delimit corresponding substantially rectangular portions of the surface of the plate 21.
  • the suction of air through the ducts 26 generates a vacuum in the volumes defined by the same material 200, by the gaskets 22, 23a, 23b and by the plate 21.
  • the vacuum degree is preferably adjusted to obtain an effective sucking effect which allows to lift the material 200 along the axis Z together with the tool-holder unit 10.
  • the handling unit 20 also comprises one or more on-off valves 27 of the air flow along the suction ducts 26.
  • the suction is preferably generated by a pump (not shown) - or by a Venturi system - which is external to or forms part of the handling unit 20, to which the ducts 26 are connected.
  • the solenoid valves are shown outside of the plate 21, but alternatively they can be arranged on the same plate 21 or in a seat associated thereto or on the protective element 16 of the tool-holder unit 10.
  • the machine 100 also comprises a drive and control unit 103 ( Fig. 1 ) equipped with an operator interface.
  • the unit 103 is programmed to operate the displacing apparatus 1, the tool-holder unit 10 and the handling unit 20.
  • the plate 21 has a through opening 29, free from suction cups 21a (in particular, the gasket 22 comprises a semi-circular shaped portion 22a close to the upper part of the through opening 29).
  • the through opening 29 of the plate 21 allows a free access of the tool-holder unit 10 to a front free end 12a of the spindle 12.
  • Fig. 5 shows an enlarged view of such a front free end 12a, in which a nut 12b is visible, the hole 12c of which is arranged at the end of an axial hole of the spindle 12 which carries a fluid, for example water, intended to cool down the machine tools of the tool-holder unit 10.
  • a fluid for example water
  • a tool-holder coupling element 60 to which the tool-holder 50 can be removably coupled by means of a coupling assembly 61 that will be described hereafter, is housed in such a hole 12c.
  • Both the tool-holder coupling element 60 and the tool-holder 50 are provided with respective axial holes 60c and 50c, which are in fluid communication with the hole 12c and carry the fluid intended to cool down the second machining tool of the tool-holder unit 10.
  • the tool-holder 50 comprises a substantially cylindrical body 51 from which a coupling flange 54, which will be illustrated more in detail hereafter, is radially extending.
  • a throat 53 is formed close to the coupling flange 54 so as to couple the tool-holder 50 in a substantially rack-type storage device (not shown) provided close to the machine 100.
  • the tool-holder coupling element 60 comprises a cylindrical portion 62, which is fixed in such a hole 12c, i.e. the hole 12c forms a cylindrical seat for such a cylindrical portion 62.
  • the cylindrical portion 62 is threaded and is screwed onto a corresponding inner thread of the hole 12c.
  • the tool-holder coupling element 60 comprises a coupling flange 64 intended to cooperate with the coupling flange 54 of the tool-holder 50.
  • the coupling flanges 54, 64 have an annular shape.
  • the coupling flange 64 of the tool-holder coupling element 60 does not project from the outer surface of the plate 21, so that it does not hinder the operation of the gripping means of the handling unit 20, which can act when the tool-holder 50 is disassembled from the tool-holder coupling element 60 (i.e. also when the tool-holder coupling element 60 is disassembled from the hole 12c, as shown in Figs. 1-5 ).
  • the coupling assembly 61 between tool-holder 50 and tool-holder coupling element 60 comprises:
  • the coupling between the tool-holder coupling element 60 and the tool-holder 50 is accomplished when the first magnets 65 and the second magnets 66 are magnetically associated to the third magnets 55 and to the fourth magnets 56, respectively.
  • the magnets 55, 56, 65 and 66 are built in the coupling flanges 54 and 64, so that their outer coupling surface lies flush with the coupling flanges 54 and 64, respectively.
  • the magnets 55, 56, 65 and 66 are equal in number (in the illustrated example there are four pairs of magnets 55, 65 and four pairs of magnets 56, 66).
  • just two pairs of magnets 55, 65 and just two pairs of magnets 56, 66 may be provided. More preferably, however, a greater number of such pairs, for example three, four, five or six may be provided, so as to optimise - as outlined above - the coupling operations between the front free end 12a of the spindle 12 and the free end of the tool-holder 50.
  • the magnets 55, 65 are circumferentially arranged alternating with the magnets 56, 66.
  • the magnets 55, 56, 65 and 66 have coupling surfaces provided with a circular shape having the same size.
  • the coupling assembly 61 between the tool-holder 50 and the tool-holder coupling element 60 also comprises a frusto-conical guide 57 formed on the tool-holder 50, and a corresponding frusto-conical seat 67 formed in the tool-holder coupling element 60.
  • the annular coupling flange 54 of the tool-holder 50 coaxially extends around the frusto-conical guide 57; similarly, the annular coupling flange 64 of the tool-holder coupling element 60 coaxially extends around the frusto-conical seat 67.
  • the coupling assembly 61 comprises a mechanical coupling device 63 provided with elements cooperating in abutment relationship and capable of making the tool-holder 50 and the spindle 12 integrally rotatable with each other.
  • the elements cooperating in abutment relationship of the mechanical coupling device 63 comprise a plurality of driving pegs 58, axially extending from the tool-holder 50, and a corresponding plurality of respective housing seats 68 of such driving pegs 58, formed in the tool-holder coupling element 60.
  • a single pair of driving pegs 58 may be provided, preferably with more than two respective housing seats 68, so that the driving pegs 58 can couple to one of such housing seats 68, in a certain number of different angular positions.
  • the driving pegs 58 are circumferentially interposed between the magnets 55 and 56, and the respective housing seats 68 are circumferentially interposed between the magnets 65 and 66.
  • any alignment between the magnets 55, 56 and 65, 66 involves a corresponding alignment between the driving pegs 58 and the respective housing seats 68.
  • the driving pegs 58 comprise a cylindrical portion 58a and a substantially conical end portion 58b, while the housing seats 68 have a cylindrical section to house the cylindrical portion 58a of the driving pegs 58.
  • the tool-holder 50 comprises, at a front end thereof 59a, a seat 59b - preferably conical - adapted to house the second machining tool 28 (shown in Fig. 8 ).
  • the tool-holder unit 10 further comprises a plug 70 adapted to close the frusto-conical seat 67 of the tool-holder coupling element 60 when the tool-holder 50 is disassembled from the tool-holder coupling element 60.
  • the plug 70 is provided with a frusto-conical portion 77 extending from a disc-shaped portion 79 and which may be inserted with a substantial shape coupling in the frusto-conical seat 67.
  • the plug 70 is made of a metallic material and is removably coupled to the tool-holder coupling element 60 by means of at least one magnet 69, arranged in a flat annular surface 64a arranged about the frusto-conical seat 67 (in the example illustrated in Figs. 7 and 10 two magnets 69 are provided, arranged on diametrically opposite sides with respect to the frusto-conical seat 67).
  • the flat annular surface 64a of the coupling flange 64 is recessed with respect to the coupling flange 64, so that the disc-shaped portion 79 of the plug 70 mounted on the tool-holder coupling element 60 lies flush with the coupling flange 64, as shown in Fig. 12 .
  • the method essentially comprises the step of positioning the block or slab material 200 to be machined on the working plane 102 and then the step of moving the tool-holder unit 10 above the working plane 102, for example parallel and perpendicular to the same, to carry out machining operations on the block or slab material 200.
  • This displacement step is carried out by means of the displacing apparatus 1 of the tool-holder unit 10, described above.
  • the machining operations carried out on the block or slab material 200 comprise a cutting operation carried out by a circular blade 11 which is mounted, as first machining tool, on the spindle 12 of the tool-holder unit 10.
  • the method also comprises the step of removably coupling a second machining tool 28 (for example a slot mill, a grinder, a drill bit, etc.) to the front free end 12a of the spindle 12 of the tool-holder unit 10 by means of the coupling assembly 61.
  • a second machining tool 28 for example a slot mill, a grinder, a drill bit, etc.
  • the coupling step of the tool-holder 50 to the front free end 12a of the spindle 12 is carried out in the following way:
  • the method of the invention further comprises the step of storing a plurality of second machine tools 28 and of tool-holders 50 associated thereto in a substantially rack-type storage device (not shown) provided with locking elements of the tool-holders 50.
  • such locking elements can consist of resilient fork-shaped elements, for example made of metallic material, in which the tool-holders 50 are laterally inserted at the throat 53 formed in the body 51 of each tool-holder 50 near to the coupling flange 54.
  • the coupling step of the second machining tool 28 to the front free end 12a of the spindle 12 is carried out by picking up a second machining tool 28 from the aforementioned substantially rack-type storage device by means of the coupling assembly 61.
  • the method of the invention further comprises the step of decoupling the second machining tool 28 from the front free end 12a of the spindle 12 (in this case from the tool-holder coupling element 60) of the tool-holder unit 10 by inserting the tool-holder 50 coupled to the tool-holder coupling element 60 in the substantially rack-type storage device along a lateral insertion path, and by moving the spindle 12 away from the storage device along a direction substantially perpendicular to the lateral insertion path.
  • the method of the invention further comprises the step of modifying the position of the block or slab material 200 on the working plane 102, i.e. the step of repositioning the block or slab material 200.
  • This step is carried out by means of the handling unit 20, and firstly requires that the tool-holder 50 be detached from the front free end 12a of the spindle 12 as illustrated above, i.e. that the front free end 12a of the spindle 12 is not coupled to any tool-holder 50.
  • the control unit 103 activates the handling unit 20, which is initially in the configuration shown in Figs. 1-2 .
  • the circular blade 11 occupies a certain position along the axis Z with respect to the fork-shaped body 13 of the displacing apparatus 1.
  • the handling unit 20 is activated by rotating the gripping means, or the plate 21 and the corresponding suction cups 21a, in the operative position, horizontal and proximal with respect to the material 200, shown in Fig. 3 .
  • the plate 21 occupies the position formerly taken by the circular blade 11 along the axis Z with respect to the fork-shaped body 13 of the displacing apparatus 1.
  • control unit 103 controls the displacing apparatus 1 to bring the plate 21 into abutment against the material 200, at least partially compressing the gaskets 22, 23a, 23b.
  • the same unit 103 controls the opening of the valves 27 to achieve the air suction and create the vacuum necessary to obtain an effective suction effect with respect to the weight of the material 200.
  • the material 200 firmly adheres to the plate 21 due to the effect of the vacuum and is displaced by the displacing apparatus 1 into the new position foreseen based on the coordinates X, Y and Z and based on the rotation about the axis Z programmed in the control unit 103.
  • control unit controls the closing of the valves 27. Consequently, a recovery of pressure in the suction cups 21a of the plate 21 and a release of the material 200 are achieved; the plate 21 is now disengaged from the material 200 and the handling unit 20 may be moved away from the same and deactivated.
  • the repositioning of the material 200 is obtained without affecting the data processing of the control unit 103, by simply exploiting the same reference system X, Y, Z and the corresponding algorithms.
  • the tool-holder unit 10, the machine 100 and the method according to the present invention can also be used to machine the moulds used in the nautical field to make hulls, keels and structures made of fibreglass or similar materials.

Landscapes

  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Jigs For Machine Tools (AREA)
  • Forging (AREA)

Claims (15)

  1. Unité porte-outil (10) d'une machine (100) pour l'usinage de matériaux sous forme de bloc ou dalle (200), ladite unité porte-outil (10) étant mobile au-dessus d'un plan de travail (102) de ladite machine (100) sur lequel le matériau sous forme de bloc ou de dalle (200) à usiner est posé, dans laquelle l'unité porte-outil (10) comprend :
    - une broche (12) sur laquelle une lame circulaire (11) est montée, et
    - un ensemble d'accouplement (61) pour l'accouplement amovible d'un deuxième outil d'usinage (28) à une extrémité libre avant (12a) de la broche (12), comprenant un porte-outil (50) associé au deuxième outil d'usinage (28) et au moins un dispositif d'accouplement mécanique (63) muni d'éléments coopérant en relation de butée (58, 68) pour rendre le porte-outil (50) et la broche (12) solidaires en rotation l'un avec l'autre,
    caractérisée en ce que ledit ensemble d'accouplement (61) comprend en outre :
    - au moins deux premiers aimants (65) avec polarité nord et au moins deux deuxièmes aimants (66) avec polarité sud, associés à l'extrémité libre avant (12a) de la broche (12) et agencés de manière circonférentielle alternés entre eux au niveau de ladite extrémité libre avant (12a),
    - au moins deux troisièmes aimants (55) avec polarité sud et au moins deux quatrièmes aimants (56) avec polarité nord, associés à une extrémité libre dudit porte-outil (50) et agencés de manière circonférentielle alternés entre eux au niveau de ladite extrémité libre du porte-outil (50).
  2. Unité porte-outil (10) selon la revendication 1, dans laquelle lesdits au moins deux premiers aimants (65) et lesdits au moins deux deuxièmes aimants (66) sont associés à un élément d'accouplement de porte-outil (60) associé à l'extrémité libre avant (12a) de la broche (12).
  3. Unité porte-outil (10) selon la revendication 2, dans laquelle lesdits au moins deux premiers aimants (65) et lesdits au moins deux deuxièmes aimants (66) sont associés à une bride d'accouplement (64) de l'élément d'accouplement de porte-outil (60) et lesdits au moins deux troisièmes aimants (55) et lesdits au moins deux quatrièmes aimants (56) sont associés à une bride d'accouplement respective (54) du porte-outil (50).
  4. Unité porte-outil (10) selon la revendication 3, dans laquelle les premiers aimants (65) sont agencés de manière circonférentielle alternés avec les deuxièmes aimants (66) dans la bride d'accouplement (64) de l'élément d'accouplement de porte-outil (60), et les troisièmes aimants (55) sont agencés de manière circonférentielle alternés avec les quatrièmes aimants (56) dans la bride d'accouplement respective (54) du porte-outil (50).
  5. Unité porte-outil (10) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle les premiers (65) et les deuxièmes (66) aimants associés à l'extrémité libre avant (12a) de la broche (12) ou, s'il est présent, à l'élément d'accouplement de porte-outil (60) associé à l'extrémité libre avant (12a) de la broche (12) sont agencés selon un unique réseau annulaire ou selon une pluralité de réseaux annulaires concentriques.
  6. Unité porte-outil (10) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle les troisièmes (55) et les quatrièmes (56) aimants associés à l'extrémité libre du porte-outil (50) sont agencés selon un unique série annulaire ou selon une pluralité de séries annulaires concentriques.
  7. Unité porte-outil (10) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle ledit ensemble d'accouplement (61) comprend en outre un guide tronconique (57), s'étendant de manière coaxiale à partir dudit porte-outil (50), et un siège tronconique correspondant (67), formé dans ladite extrémité libre avant (12a) de la broche (12) ou, s'il est présent, dans ledit élément d'accouplement de porte-outil (60) associé à l'extrémité libre avant (12a) de la broche (12).
  8. Machine (100) pour l'usinage de matériaux sous forme de bloc ou dalle (200), comprenant un plan de travail (102) sur lequel le matériau sous forme de bloc ou de dalle (200) à usiner est posé et une unité porte-outil (10) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes.
  9. Machine (100) selon la revendication 8, comprenant en outre une unité de manipulation (20) couplée à ladite unité porte-outil (10) et munie de moyens de préhension (21a) du matériau sous forme de bloc ou dalle (200) à usiner, dans laquelle lesdits moyens de préhension (21a) sont mobiles entre une première position non opérationnelle, distale par rapport au plan de travail (102), et une deuxième position opérationnelle, proximale par rapport au plan de travail (102), lesdits moyens de préhension (21a) pouvant tourner entre ladite première position non opérationnelle et ladite deuxième position opérationnelle.
  10. Procédé pour l'usinage de matériaux sous forme de bloc ou dalle (200) comprenant les étapes suivantes :
    a) l'agencement d'un matériau sous forme de bloc ou dalle (200) sur un plan de travail (102),
    b) le déplacement d'une unité porte-outil (10), comprenant une broche (12) sur laquelle une lame circulaire (11) est montée, au-dessus du plan de travail (102),
    c) l'exécution d'une opération de coupe sur ledit matériau en forme de bloc ou de dalle (200) au moyen de ladite lame circulaire (11),
    d) la rotation de l'unité porte-outil (10) autour d'un axe sensiblement parallèle au plan de travail (102),
    e) l'accouplement amovible d'un deuxième outil d'usinage (28) à une extrémité libre avant (12a) de la broche (12) de l'unité porte-outil (10) au moyen d'un ensemble d'accouplement (61) comprenant un porte-outil (50) associé au deuxième outil d'usinage (28),
    f) l'exécution d'une opération d'usinage additionnelle sur ledit matériau en forme de bloc ou de dalle (200) au moyen dudit deuxième outil d'usinage (28),
    dans lequel ledit ensemble d'accouplement (61) comprend au moins un dispositif d'accouplement mécanique (63) muni d'éléments coopérant en relation de butée (58, 68) pour rendre le porte-outil (50) et la broche (12) solidaires en rotation l'un avec l'autre ;
    caractérisée en ce que l'ensemble d'accouplement (61) comprend en outre :
    - au moins deux premiers aimants (65) avec polarité nord et au moins deux deuxièmes aimants (66) avec polarité sud, associés à ladite extrémité libre avant (12a) de la broche (12) et agencés de manière circonférentielle alternés entre eux au niveau de ladite extrémité libre avant (12a),
    - au moins deux troisièmes aimants (55) avec polarité sud et au moins deux quatrièmes aimants (56) avec polarité nord, associés à une extrémité libre dudit porte-outil (50) et agencés de manière circonférentielle alternés entre eux au niveau de ladite extrémité libre du porte-outil (50), et
    en ce que ladite étape e) est exécutée :
    - en amenant la broche (12) proche du porte-outil (50),
    - en orientant les éléments coopérant en relation de butée (58, 68) du dispositif d'accouplement mécanique (63) de l'ensemble d'accouplement (61) au moyen d'une interaction magnétique entre les aimants (55, 56) associés à l'extrémité libre du porte-outil (50) et les aimants (65, 66) associés à l'extrémité libre avant (12a) de la broche (12), et
    - en associant magnétiquement l'extrémité libre avant (12a) de la broche (12) à l'extrémité libre du porte-outil (50).
  11. Procédé selon la revendication 10, dans lequel ladite interaction magnétique entre les aimants (55, 56) associés à l'extrémité libre du porte-outil (50) et les aimants (65, 66) associés à l'extrémité libre avant (12a) de la broche (12) entraîne une rotation du porte-outil (50) par rapport à la broche (12) adaptée pour amener dans un agencement sensiblement aligné à la fois les aimants de polarité opposée associés à la broche (12) et au porte-outil (50), et les chevilles d'entraînement (58) avec les sièges de logement respectifs (68).
  12. Procédé selon la revendication 10, dans lequel les éléments coopérant en relation de butée (58, 68) du dispositif d'accouplement mécanique (63) de l'ensemble d'accouplement (61) comprennent :
    a) une pluralité de chevilles d'entraînement (58) s'étendant axialement à partir d'une de ladite extrémité libre du porte-outil (50) et ladite extrémité libre avant (12a) de la broche (12), et
    b) une pluralité correspondante de sièges de logement (68) desdites chevilles d'entraînement (58), formée dans l'autre de ladite extrémité libre du porte-outil (50) et ladite extrémité libre avant (12a) de la broche (12) ;
    et dans lequel ladite étape e) est exécutée en orientant the chevilles d'entraînement (58) par rapport aux sièges de logement respectifs (68) au moyen de ladite interaction magnétique.
  13. Procédé selon la revendication 10, comprenant en outre l'étape de stockage d'une pluralité de deuxièmes outils d'usinage (28) et de porte-outils (50) associés à ceux-ci dans un dispositif de stockage sensiblement du type à râtelier muni d'éléments de blocage desdits porte-outils (50).
  14. Procédé selon la revendication 13, dans lequel ladite étape d'accouplement e) est exécutée en prélevant un deuxième outil d'usinage (28) dudit dispositif de stockage sensiblement du type à râtelier au moyen dudit ensemble d'accouplement (61).
  15. Procédé selon la revendication 13, comprenant en outre l'étape suivante g) le désaccouplement du deuxième outil d'usinage (28) par rapport à ladite extrémité libre avant (12a) de la broche (12) de l'unité porte-outil (10) en insérant le porte-outil (50) accouplé à l'élément d'accouplement de porte-outil (60) dans le dispositif de stockage sensiblement du type à râtelier suivant une trajectoire d'insertion latérale, et en éloignant la broche (12) dudit dispositif de stockage suivant une direction sensiblement perpendiculaire à ladite trajectoire d'insertion latérale.
EP12748784.1A 2011-07-12 2012-07-05 Unite porte-outil d'une machine pour usiner des blocks ou dalles de pierre, machine comportant une telle unite pour usiner des blocks ou dalles de pierre Active EP2731762B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT001298A ITMI20111298A1 (it) 2011-07-12 2011-07-12 Gruppo portautensile di una macchina per la lavorazione di materiali in blocco o in lastra, macchina includente tale gruppo e metodo per la lavorazione di materiali in blocco o in lastra
PCT/IB2012/053446 WO2013008154A1 (fr) 2011-07-12 2012-07-05 Unité porte-outil de machine à usiner des matériaux blocs ou dalles et machine pourvue de ladite unité

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2731762A1 EP2731762A1 (fr) 2014-05-21
EP2731762B1 true EP2731762B1 (fr) 2018-01-24

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EP12748784.1A Active EP2731762B1 (fr) 2011-07-12 2012-07-05 Unite porte-outil d'une machine pour usiner des blocks ou dalles de pierre, machine comportant une telle unite pour usiner des blocks ou dalles de pierre

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EP (1) EP2731762B1 (fr)
IT (1) ITMI20111298A1 (fr)
PT (1) PT2731762T (fr)
WO (1) WO2013008154A1 (fr)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9969053B2 (en) * 2015-05-13 2018-05-15 GM Global Technology Operations LLC Grinder adaptor assembly
IT201800010747A1 (it) * 2018-11-30 2020-05-30 Gmm S P A Gruppo portautensile di una macchina per la lavorazione di materiali in blocco o in lastra, macchina includente tale gruppo e metodo per la lavorazione di materiali in blocco o in lastra

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1602462A1 (fr) * 2004-06-02 2005-12-07 HILTI Aktiengesellschaft Agencement de disques de tronçonnage
WO2011145005A1 (fr) * 2010-05-19 2011-11-24 Breton Spa Machine de coupe et dispositifs de manipulation incorporés

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5249348A (en) * 1991-05-17 1993-10-05 Excellon Automation Pressure foot insert changer
DE4444496C2 (de) * 1994-12-14 1999-01-14 Metec Cnc Praezisionsteile Gmb Adapter zum Anschluß wechselbarer Werkzeuge an ein Arbeitsgerät
ITMI20031645A1 (it) * 2003-08-08 2005-02-09 Prussiani Engineering S A S Di Pru Ssiani Mario G Dispositivo di taglio di lama circolare di lastre piane
DE202004021498U1 (de) * 2004-10-19 2008-06-26 Robert Bosch Gmbh Vorrichtung zum Befestigen eines Werkzeugs an einer oszillierend antreibbaren Antriebswelle einer Handwerkzeugmaschine

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1602462A1 (fr) * 2004-06-02 2005-12-07 HILTI Aktiengesellschaft Agencement de disques de tronçonnage
WO2011145005A1 (fr) * 2010-05-19 2011-11-24 Breton Spa Machine de coupe et dispositifs de manipulation incorporés

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EP2731762A1 (fr) 2014-05-21
PT2731762T (pt) 2018-03-22
ITMI20111298A1 (it) 2013-01-13
WO2013008154A1 (fr) 2013-01-17

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