EP2730370B1 - Procédé pour régler un jeu prédeterminé à l'extrémité d'une aube d'une turbomachine - Google Patents

Procédé pour régler un jeu prédeterminé à l'extrémité d'une aube d'une turbomachine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2730370B1
EP2730370B1 EP12192401.3A EP12192401A EP2730370B1 EP 2730370 B1 EP2730370 B1 EP 2730370B1 EP 12192401 A EP12192401 A EP 12192401A EP 2730370 B1 EP2730370 B1 EP 2730370B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
grinding
grinding device
turbomachine
blades
blade
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP12192401.3A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP2730370A1 (fr
Inventor
Rolf Groppe
Michael Keller
Uwe Kirchhübel
Rolf-Dieter Woitscheck
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
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Siemens AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Priority to EP12192401.3A priority Critical patent/EP2730370B1/fr
Priority to EP13003934.0A priority patent/EP2730371B1/fr
Priority to TW102138581A priority patent/TWI655994B/zh
Priority to US14/073,942 priority patent/US9969055B2/en
Priority to KR1020130135685A priority patent/KR102192838B1/ko
Priority to JP2013233795A priority patent/JP2014098389A/ja
Priority to CN201310571643.7A priority patent/CN103802005B/zh
Publication of EP2730370A1 publication Critical patent/EP2730370A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2730370B1 publication Critical patent/EP2730370B1/fr
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B49/00—Measuring or gauging equipment for controlling the feed movement of the grinding tool or work; Arrangements of indicating or measuring equipment, e.g. for indicating the start of the grinding operation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B19/00—Single-purpose machines or devices for particular grinding operations not covered by any other main group
    • B24B19/14—Single-purpose machines or devices for particular grinding operations not covered by any other main group for grinding turbine blades, propeller blades or the like
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B55/00—Safety devices for grinding or polishing machines; Accessories fitted to grinding or polishing machines for keeping tools or parts of the machine in good working condition
    • B24B55/06—Dust extraction equipment on grinding or polishing machines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D25/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, other groups
    • F01D25/24—Casings; Casing parts, e.g. diaphragms, casing fastenings
    • F01D25/26—Double casings; Measures against temperature strain in casings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D5/00—Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
    • F01D5/005—Repairing methods or devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D5/00—Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
    • F01D5/12—Blades
    • F01D5/14—Form or construction
    • F01D5/20—Specially-shaped blade tips to seal space between tips and stator

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for setting a predetermined radial gap of arranged in a housing of a turbomachine blades.
  • Blades of turbomachines are subject during operation to a very high material stress and a correspondingly large wear. For this reason, the blades are usually replaced by new blades during maintenance work after a predetermined period of operation.
  • the operating time is advantageously chosen such that the exchanged blades can still be repaired.
  • the turbine blades, the turbine vanes and the guide segments are replaced.
  • the original radial blade clearance must also be achieved in the new turbine blades.
  • the blade tips of the new blades are machined accordingly prior to their assembly. Since the radial gap dimension depends not only on the manufacturing tolerances of the new blades but also on other influencing factors, the final radial blade gap results only after complete replacement of all blades.
  • Factors influencing this are, for example, the contour of the new guide vanes, the contour of the new guide rings, the coating of the new vanes and guide rings, the change in the position of the new vanes relative to the position of the replaced old vanes, and the like.
  • the finally adjusting gap dimension is correspondingly difficult in advance and can only be calculated within a fairly broad tolerance band.
  • the machining of the blade tips of new blades to adjust the radial gap is usually done in the context of grinding. This is always carried out away from the turbomachine, since otherwise there would be a risk that the turbomachine is affected by the resulting during processing sanding dust.
  • the blades can be machined using a conventional grinding system mounted on the original wheel disc state, including the runner must be unstacked in advance, which is associated with a lot of effort.
  • a so-called dummy wheel disc can be used, which eliminates the unstacking of the rotor.
  • the use of such a dummy wheel disc is in turn associated with a lower machining accuracy, which can adversely affect the performance of the turbomachine. It is also possible to machine the blades without wheel disc with a so-called single blade grinding, which is associated with further losses in terms of machining accuracy.
  • the patent DE-19908708 describes, for example, a grinding device.
  • an object of the present invention to provide a method of the type mentioned and a grinding apparatus for performing the method, with which the setting of a predetermined radial gap of arranged in a housing of a turbomachine blades in the context of a grinding of the Shovel tips easy, fast and convenient with very high machining accuracy feasible without endangering the proper operation of the turbomachine.
  • the present invention provides a method of the type mentioned, comprising the steps of: a) removing a housing part with at least partial exposure of the blades to be machined; b) placing a grinding device portion of a blade to be machined such that the tip of the blade can be processed with a grinding wheel of the grinding device; c) shielding the processing area by disposing a shielding device configured to oppose leaving of grinding dust from the shielded processing area; d) providing a suction such that it sucks sanding dust from the shielded processing area; and e) grinding the bucket tip of the bucket in situ to produce the predetermined radial gap.
  • the inventive method is characterized in particular by the fact that the shielding of the processing area and the suction prevent fouling of the turbomachine by grinding dust, whereby machining in situ on a mounted in the intended condition blade is made possible.
  • the processing of the blades in situ is on the one hand to the advantage that a very high, the known method superior machining accuracy is achieved, so that not only maintaining an original performance of the turbomachine but also optimize the performance by adjusting the radial gap can be done.
  • a destacking of the rotor is not required for carrying out the method, whereby time and cost can be saved.
  • the blades may be, for example, those of a compressor or a turbine.
  • step e the grinding device and a further blade are aligned with each other, whereupon again steps c) to e) are performed.
  • steps c) to e) are performed.
  • several blades are processed one after the other here.
  • step e) is carried out on a blade with an already ground blade tip.
  • the pre-grinding of the blade tip for example, in a state in which the blade is fixed to a dummy wheel disc as described above, or using a Einzelschaufelschleifvorraum.
  • the final or fine machining is then carried out in the intended mounted state of the blade using the method according to the invention, which then highest machining accuracies and a correspondingly optimal performance of the turbomachine can be achieved.
  • the shielding device is preferably formed by a brush arrangement provided on the grinding device and encircling the grinding wheel in an annular manner.
  • the use of a brush arrangement as a shielding device is advantageous in that the flexible brushes are sealingly applied to the component to be processed, so that gaps are eliminated by which grinding dust can escape from the shielded processing area.
  • the dimensions of the grinding device used are matched to the distances between axially adjacent blade arrangements of the turbomachine, that the blades of all blade assemblies can be edited collision-free with the grinding wheel of the grinding device. Accordingly, for example, the blades of all stages of a turbine can be machined with a single grinder, thereby avoiding changeover times.
  • cooling fluid bores provided on the rotor blade are at least partially closed before the implementation of step e). In this way it can be prevented that during the processing resulting grinding dust within the shielded processing area clogs existing cooling fluid bores. Also, clogging of the cooling fluid bores is counteracted if abrasive dust should leave the shielded processing area despite the shielding means and the suction.
  • the closing of cooling air holes is advantageously carried out using adhesive tape and / or wax. Tape becomes preferred at those locations that do not come into contact with the shielding device.
  • the use of wax is particularly suitable in the area of the blade tips, since wax is normally not dissolved upon contact with the shielding device.
  • the grinding device is held movably on a cross slide arranged on a base plate in two mutually perpendicular directions. Accordingly, the grinding wheel can be moved appropriately for machining the blade tip.
  • the base plate is attached in step b) to the housing of the turbomachine. Accordingly, unwanted relative movements between the grinding wheel and the blade to be machined can be excluded and thus a proper work result can be ensured.
  • the present invention further provides a grinding apparatus, in particular for carrying out the method described above, which comprises a grinding wheel, a grinding wheel enclosing shielding device, which is designed such that it shields the processing area during normal operation of the grinding device, and a suction device, which is designed such that it sucks abrasive particles from the shielded processing area during the normal operation of the grinding device.
  • the shielding device is provided in accordance with an embodiment of the grinding device according to the invention in the form of a grinding wheel annularly enclosing brush assembly. With such a brush arrangement very good results were achieved.
  • the grinding device is preferably arranged on a cross slide arranged on a base plate in two relative to one another vertical directions held movable.
  • a fastening device is provided, which is designed such that the base plate is detachably fastened to a housing of a turbomachine.
  • FIG. 1 shows a grinding apparatus 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the grinding device 1 comprises a grinding wheel 2, which is rotationally driven by a drive 3.
  • the grinding wheel 2 is annularly bordered by a shielding device, which in the present case is formed by a brush arrangement 4.
  • the brush assembly 4 comprises a plurality of flexible bristles projecting outwardly over the grinding wheel 2 so as to come into contact with a workpiece to be machined during normal operation of the grinding apparatus 1.
  • the grinding device 1 comprises a suction device 5 arranged underneath the grinding wheel 2, which during the normal operation of the grinding device 1 draws off abrasive particles from the shielded processing region of the grinding device 1, which is defined by the brush arrangement 4.
  • the drive of the grinding wheel 2 and the suction 5 are coupled to one another such that the drive is switched off automatically in case of failure of the suction 5.
  • the grinding device 1 is held movably on a cross slide 7 arranged on a base plate 6 in two mutually perpendicular directions in the plane of the base plate 6.
  • the movement of the grinding device 1 is realized via a drive unit not shown in detail and an associated control.
  • the dimensions and the weight of the grinding device 1 are chosen overall such that they can be easily packaged and transported to the operating location of turbomachines.
  • the grinding device 1 is designed to be portable.
  • FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a method according to an embodiment of the present invention, which is performed using the methods of FIG. 1 Grinder 1 shown is performed. The method is used to optimize a predetermined radial gap of arranged in a housing of a turbomachine blades and, accordingly, to optimize the performance of the turbomachine.
  • step S3 the grinding device 1 is arranged in the region of a blade 11 to be machined of the step 12 such that the tip of the blade with the grinding wheel 2 of the grinding device 1 can be edited. More specifically, the base plate 6, on which the grinding device 1 is mounted, is fastened to the parting line 10 of the lower casing shell 9 of the turbomachine 8 by using screws 16, as shown in FIG FIG. 4 is shown schematically. Accordingly, the grinding wheel 2 can be moved in the direction of the arrows 17 and 18 using the cross slide 7 for machining the blade 11.
  • step S4 the working region is shielded in such a way that it leaves during grinding sanding dust from the shielded processing area is counteracted. It should be noted that in FIG. 4 the upper row of brushes of the brush assembly 4 is not shown to release the view of the grinding wheel 2.
  • the suction 5 is automatically provided in accordance with step S5 such that it sucks during the grinding grinding dust from the shielded processing area.
  • a further step S6 the blade tip of the blade 11 is now ground in situ to produce the predetermined optimized gap dimension. Thanks to the fact that the grinding is performed on the blade 11 in the intended mounted state, this highest machining accuracies are achieved.
  • the grinding dust is prevented by the brush assembly 4 from leaving the shielded processing area, and removed using the suction 5 from the processing area. In this way, contamination of the turbomachine by grinding dust is effectively counteracted. If the suction 5 fails during grinding, the drive of the grinding wheel 2 is automatically switched off, since lack of suction pollution-free machining can not be guaranteed.
  • step S7 the step 12 is rotated such that the tip of another blade 11 can be processed with the grinding wheel 2 of the grinding device 1, whereupon the steps S4 to S6 are carried out again. This process is repeated until all blades 11 of stage 12 have been optimally processed with respect to the gap dimension.
  • the grinding wheel 2 can be moved in the direction of the arrow 17 to the step 13 as a function of the width of the base plate 6 or of the length of the cross slide 7.
  • the base plate 6 can naturally also be displaced manually along the parting line 10 of the turbomachine 8.
  • the dimensions of the grinding device 1 are matched to the distances between the individual stages 12, 13 and 14 such that the moving blades 11 of all stages 12, 13 and 14 can be processed without collision with the grinding wheel 2 of the grinding device 1.
  • the width of the grinding device 1 is selected such that when processing a blade 11 of the stage 12, a collision of the grinding device 1 with the radially above the blades 11 of the stage 12 projecting blades 11 of the stage 13 is not to be feared.
  • a machining of the blades 11 of the stage 13 is possible without the grinding device 1 colliding with the blades 11 of the stage 14.
  • FIG. 5 is a flowchart of a method according to another embodiment of the present invention for replacing worn blades. FIG to reset the original gap with new blades. Method steps of this second variant, the method steps of referring to FIG. 2 For the sake of simplicity, identical reference symbols are provided in FIG. 5 for the sake of simplicity. A further explanation of these mutually corresponding method steps will be omitted below.
  • step S1 a housing part of a turbomachine is removed with at least partial exposure of blades to be machined of the turbomachine, so that, for example, an arrangement according to FIG. 3 results.
  • step S9 new blades are provided which replace the worn blades.
  • step S10 the blade tips of the new blades provided in step S9 are pre-machined in an abrasive machining process.
  • This preprocessing can be done, for example, using a dummy wheel disc or a single blade grinding device, as has already been described in connection with the methods known in the prior art.
  • step S11 the pre-machined blades are installed to replace the blades removed in step S8.
  • step S10 The preprocessing of the new blades in step S10 when disassembled takes place primarily against the background that the amount of grinding dust accumulated in step S6 is to be reduced to a minimum.
  • step S10 basically also omitted and the entire grinding of the blade tips can be performed in step S6.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Grinding And Polishing Of Tertiary Curved Surfaces And Surfaces With Complex Shapes (AREA)
  • Finish Polishing, Edge Sharpening, And Grinding By Specific Grinding Devices (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
  • Turbine Rotor Nozzle Sealing (AREA)
  • Grinding-Machine Dressing And Accessory Apparatuses (AREA)
  • Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)

Claims (9)

  1. Procédé de réglage d'un jeu radial déterminé à l'avance d'aubes mobiles montées dans une carcasse d'une turbomachine, le procédé ayant les stades :
    a) on retire une partie de la carcasse en dégageant au moins en partie les aubes (11) mobiles à traiter ;
    b) on met un dispositif (1) de meulage dans la région d'une aube (11) mobile à traiter de manière à pouvoir traiter la pointe de l'aube (11) mobile par une meule (2) du dispositif (1) de meulage ;
    c) on protège la région de traitement en mettant un dispositif de protection, qui est constitué de manière à s'opposer à ce que de la poussière de meulage quitte la région de traitement protégée ;
    d) on prévoit une aspiration (5) de manière à ce qu'elle aspire de la poussière de meulage de la région de traitement protégée et
    e) on meule la pointe de l'aube (11) mobile in situ en produisant le jeu radial déterminé à l'avance.
  2. Procédé suivant la revendication 1,
    dans lequel après la fin du stade e), on oriente le dispositif (1) de meulage et une autre aube (11) mobile l'un par rapport à l'autre, puis on effectue à nouveau les stades c) à e).
  3. Procédé suivant l'une des revendications précédentes,
    dans lequel on effectue le stade e) sur une aube (11) mobile ayant une pointe d'aube déjà dégrossie à la meule.
  4. Procédé suivant l'une des revendications précédentes,
    dans lequel le dispositif de protection est formé par un agencement (4) de brosse prévu sur le dispositif (1) de meulage et bordant annulairement la meule (2).
  5. Procédé suivant l'une des revendications précédentes,
    dans lequel les dimensions du dispositif (1) de meulage utilisé sont adaptées aux distances entre deux agencements (12, 13, 14) d'aubes voisins axialement de la turbomachine de manière à pouvoir traiter sans collision les aubes (11) mobiles de l'ensemble des agencements (12, 13, 14) par la meule (2) du dispositif (1) de meulage.
  6. Procédé suivant l'une des revendications précédentes,
    dans lequel on ferme au moins en partie des trous pour du fluide de refroidissement prévu sur l'aube (11) mobile avant d'effectuer le stade e).
  7. Procédé suivant la revendication 6,
    dans lequel on effectue la fermeture de trous d'air de refroidissement en utilisant du ruban (15) adhésif et/ou de la cire.
  8. Procédé suivant l'une des revendications précédentes,
    dans lequel le dispositif (1) de meulage est maintenu mobile dans deux directions (17, 18) perpendiculaires entre elles sur un chariot (7) à mouvements croisés, monté sur un plateau (6) de base.
  9. Procédé suivant la revendication 8,
    dans lequel on fixe le plateau (6) de base au stade b) à la carcasse de la turbomachine.
EP12192401.3A 2012-11-13 2012-11-13 Procédé pour régler un jeu prédeterminé à l'extrémité d'une aube d'une turbomachine Active EP2730370B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (7)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP12192401.3A EP2730370B1 (fr) 2012-11-13 2012-11-13 Procédé pour régler un jeu prédeterminé à l'extrémité d'une aube d'une turbomachine
EP13003934.0A EP2730371B1 (fr) 2012-11-13 2012-11-13 Appareil pour régler un jeu prédeterminé à l'extrémité d'une aube d'une turbomachine
TW102138581A TWI655994B (zh) 2012-11-13 2013-10-25 設定渦輪機轉子葉片之預定徑向間隙寬度的方法及裝置
US14/073,942 US9969055B2 (en) 2012-11-13 2013-11-07 Method and device for setting a predetermined radial gap width for rotor blades of a turbomachine
KR1020130135685A KR102192838B1 (ko) 2012-11-13 2013-11-08 터보 기계의 로터 블레이드의 사전 결정된 반경 방향 갭 폭을 설정하기 위한 방법 및 장치
JP2013233795A JP2014098389A (ja) 2012-11-13 2013-11-12 ターボ機械のロータブレードについて所定のラジアル方向間隙幅に調整するための装置及び方法
CN201310571643.7A CN103802005B (zh) 2012-11-13 2013-11-13 用于设定流体机械的转子叶片的预定的径向间隙量的方法和设备

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP12192401.3A EP2730370B1 (fr) 2012-11-13 2012-11-13 Procédé pour régler un jeu prédeterminé à l'extrémité d'une aube d'une turbomachine

Related Child Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP13003934.0A Division-Into EP2730371B1 (fr) 2012-11-13 2012-11-13 Appareil pour régler un jeu prédeterminé à l'extrémité d'une aube d'une turbomachine
EP13003934.0A Division EP2730371B1 (fr) 2012-11-13 2012-11-13 Appareil pour régler un jeu prédeterminé à l'extrémité d'une aube d'une turbomachine

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2730370A1 EP2730370A1 (fr) 2014-05-14
EP2730370B1 true EP2730370B1 (fr) 2015-10-14

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EP12192401.3A Active EP2730370B1 (fr) 2012-11-13 2012-11-13 Procédé pour régler un jeu prédeterminé à l'extrémité d'une aube d'une turbomachine
EP13003934.0A Active EP2730371B1 (fr) 2012-11-13 2012-11-13 Appareil pour régler un jeu prédeterminé à l'extrémité d'une aube d'une turbomachine

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EP13003934.0A Active EP2730371B1 (fr) 2012-11-13 2012-11-13 Appareil pour régler un jeu prédeterminé à l'extrémité d'une aube d'une turbomachine

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US9969055B2 (fr)
EP (2) EP2730370B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2014098389A (fr)
KR (1) KR102192838B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN103802005B (fr)
TW (1) TWI655994B (fr)

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GB201411182D0 (en) * 2014-06-24 2014-08-06 Rolls Royce Plc Rotor blade manufacture
DE102014215441A1 (de) * 2014-08-05 2016-02-11 Bosch Mahle Turbo Systems Gmbh & Co. Kg Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Rotors einer Ladeeinrichtung
DE102014219050A1 (de) 2014-09-22 2016-03-24 Rolls-Royce Deutschland Ltd & Co Kg Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Bearbeiten von Schaufelspitzen eines Verdichterrotors einer Gasturbine
DE102016207141A1 (de) 2016-04-27 2017-11-02 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Schleifvorrichtung zum Schleifen von Laufschaufelspitzen
DE102016216857A1 (de) * 2016-09-06 2018-03-08 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Bearbeitungsvorrichtung und Verfahren zur Bearbeitung eines in einem unter Bildung einer Teilfuge zweigeteilten Turbinengehäuse angeordneten Rotors sowie Verfahren zur Reparatur und/oder Nachrüstung einer Turbine
EP3312387A1 (fr) 2016-10-21 2018-04-25 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Système et procédé d'usinage de pointe
DE102019102480B4 (de) * 2019-01-31 2023-10-19 Rolls-Royce Deutschland Ltd & Co Kg Schutzvorrichtung zum Schutz der Laufschaufeln eines Verdichters vor Funken und/oder Partikeln bei einer Bearbeitung der Schaufelspitzen
CN113001260A (zh) * 2019-12-19 2021-06-22 中国航发商用航空发动机有限责任公司 防尘罩件、磨削装置、防尘方法以及叶尖磨削方法

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US9969055B2 (en) 2018-05-15
CN103802005B (zh) 2018-07-17
KR102192838B1 (ko) 2020-12-18
US20140134926A1 (en) 2014-05-15
TW201427795A (zh) 2014-07-16
EP2730370A1 (fr) 2014-05-14
EP2730371A1 (fr) 2014-05-14
TWI655994B (zh) 2019-04-11
EP2730371B1 (fr) 2016-05-18
JP2014098389A (ja) 2014-05-29
CN103802005A (zh) 2014-05-21

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