EP2728092B1 - Self-powered door lock - Google Patents

Description

Technical area

The invention relates to a door lock for a door with a first actuating element which is at least indirectly coupled to a generator and with a closing ßelement to drive the generator via the first actuating element, while the first actuating element, a closing element is actuated to open the door , Likewise, a second actuating element is coupled to the generator in order to drive the generator via the second actuating element, while a closing element for opening the door is actuated with the second actuating element.

State of the art

Electromechanical door locks can usually be unlocked by a mostly electronic key is queried and checked for access authorization. If the check reveals that an access authorization exists, in many cases an electronically controlled clutch is closed so as to couple an actuating element with a closing element. After the door has been opened via the actuating element, the coupling can be opened again so that a key has to be interrogated again to reopen the door. Typical keys are character strings stored in RFID transponders which are preferably encrypted via a contactless data link. Other systems provide electrical and / or mechanical contact between the key and the door lock. In other systems, a code must be entered via an HMI (Human Machine Interface). Typical HMIs are keyboards, fingerprint or iris scanners. In all these cases, the electrical components of the door locks, including the coupling, must be supplied with electrical energy. For this purpose, either batteries have been used in practice so far in the

Lock and / or be inserted in the key. Alternatively, the locks are connected via corresponding lines to a power grid. The connection to a power grid is complex and error-prone. This is especially true if an electromechanical door lock to be retrofitted and the necessary lines must be relocated. Batteries have the disadvantage that they must be replaced regularly. Alternatively, a variety of systems have been described in which when the door lock is actuated by the user, mechanical energy or power is converted into electrical energy or power by means of a generator.

DE 195 19 789 B4 describes an electromechanical door lock with a mechanical energy storage, which is charged in the operation of a door handle or when inserting a key until a predetermined energy is stored in the mechanical energy storage. Now, the mechanical energy storage is discharged within a predetermined time, where it drives a generator. As a result, the electrical components for this period of time can be supplied with a defined power. Consequently, the electrical power available for the electrical components is decoupled from the manner of actuation of the door handle or key.

The DE 32 08 818 describes an electromechanical door lock with a lock cylinder in the operation of the castle as usual, first inserted a key and then rotated. In order to provide the energy for the electrical components of the door lock, the lock cylinder has a slide which is displaced parallel to the lock cylinder axis against the force of a spring upon insertion of a key, while meshing a gear which is coupled to a generator shaft. When inserting and removing the key, therefore, turns the gear and the generator provides an electrical power that depends, inter alia, on the speed with which the key is inserted or withdrawn.

DE 10 2004 052802 A1 discloses a door lock with a handle whose rotation is transmitted at a given authorization of the user via a first shaft and a clutch on a rotary latch, whereby a locking or unlocking of the door is made possible. The clutch consists of a first and a complementary second spur gear. By means of an electromagnet, the complementary spur gear can be engaged in the first spur gear. As a result, the first shaft is coupled with another shaft at the end of the rotary bolt is seated. Now a rotational movement introduced via the handle is transferred to the rotary latch. In addition, the first shaft drives a generator via a gearbox, which supplies the circuit belonging to the lock.

In the DE 28 51 396 A a lock with two actuators will be described. A first actuator is coupled via a first output shaft with a cam. The second actuating device is coupled to the first shaft via a second shaft and a clutch. When the clutch is closed, the closing element can be actuated by means of the second actuating element.

The previously known power supplies of door locks by means of generators were in practice too unreliable and relatively expensive. In particular, no technical solution is known in which two actuators feed a generator independently.

In Central Europe so-called box locks are usually installed in doors between two rooms of a building or building entrance doors. These box locks usually have a latch and a latch. The trap is usually operated via a door handle. The door handle sits mostly on a square shaft, which was inserted through a driver of the box lock. The latch can be actuated by a cam of a replaceable lock cylinder. The latch can also be operated by means of the lock cylinder when the latch is retracted. Thereby, e.g. On the inside of the door a door handle can be attached to operate the trap. Then the unlocked lock can be opened from the inside without a key. On the outside usually a rigid knob is arranged, which is not coupled with the box lock. Then the door can be opened from the outside only by means of the lock cylinder.

In some doors, the bolt can be pulled back from the inside of the door by pressing the door handle, which makes sense in escape doors. Such locks are referred to as anti-panic locks or panic locks. In this case, no door handle on the outside is constantly connected to the box lock, because then it makes no sense to advance the bolt, because he would in any case retracted when pressing one of the two door handle.

Presentation of the invention

The invention has for its object to provide a door lock that converts mechanical power into electrical power when operating a door handle.

This object is achieved by a device according to claim 1. Advantageous embodiments of the invention are specified in the subclaims.

The invention is based on several findings: Firstly, the angle range in which a door handle is usually pivoted is comparatively small (about 30 °) and the time span in which this takes place is quite short. Therefore occur on the components with which the generator coupled to the actuator are high (rotational) moments, which require a strong dimensioning of these components. In addition, the recoverable upon actuation of a door handle electrical energy is quite small, therefore, even with panic locks each actuation of a door handle, so whether inside or outside and whether driving before or after a successful authorization check a generator. However, the outer door handle must not take the inner, because this would open the door without authorization check.

According to the invention, the door lock has at least a first actuating element. The actuating element is typically a door handle or a rotatable knob, which are summarized by the term "door handle" or "pusher" and usually sit on a square shaft. The lock is actuated via the door handle. This operation is transmitted for example via a shaft, for example via the known square shaft. In this sense, a shaft for transmitting the pivoting movement of a door handle is also an actuating element. The actuating element is connected to at least one closing element, for example via an electromechanical coupling for separating and coupling the first actuating element with the closing element.

The closing element usually has at least one latch and / or one latch, which is retracted during a rotation of the shaft. Especially in panic locks and a bolt is withdrawn when a pusher operated on the inside of the door, so the shaft is rotated. The actuating element is at least indirectly coupled to a generator. Coupled means standing in operative connection, here so that an introduced via the actuator in the door lock mechanical power drives the generator, so that at least part of the mechanical power is converted by the generator into electrical power. Consequently, when a person actuates the actuator to open the door, a portion of the kinetic energy applied thereby may be converted to electrical energy to provide circuitry and, optionally, an actuator of an electromechanical clutch. The circuit may, for example, check a permission and possibly close the clutch and thereby connect the corresponding actuator and the closing element together or cancel a blockage of the closing element. The door lock has a first rotor which is coupled for transmitting an actuation of a first actuating element to a generator with this. In addition, the door lock on a second rotor for transmitting an actuation of a second actuating element. The first and / or the second rotor may or may be formed by a respective shaft on the side facing away from the door, a door handle is formed. The door lock has a third rotor that drives a generator to power an electrical circuit. The third rotor can be a runner of the generator in the simplest case. The feed is preferably carried out with the interposition of at least one memory module for storing electrical energy, for example at least one capacitor and / or at least one accumulator. The generator is via the third rotor with the first and the second Rotor coupled to each drive the generator during rotation of the first and / or the second rotor, wherein the first rotor does not entrain the second rotor and / or the second rotor does not entrain the first rotor. For this purpose, the first and / or the second rotor can be connected, for example via at least one freewheel to the third rotor. Consequently, the two actuators can be actuated independently, each driving the generator. As a result, for example, the first (eg outer) actuating element via an electrically controlled coupling and the second (eg inner) actuating element permanently be connected to at least one closing element, whereby upon actuation of the second actuating element, the door can be opened without checking a key. As a result, an emergency exit can be realized, which, however, can only be opened from outside after checking a key, ie a circuit checks the key and controls the clutch accordingly. This corresponds to a so-called panic lock or anti-panic lock.

Preferably, at least the first and / or the second actuating element is coupled with the interposition of at least one elastic coupling with the generator, the elastic coupling when exceeding a given torque to be transmitted or a given force to be transmitted part of the introduced via at least one of the actuators kinetic Converts energy into potential energy and preferably falls below the torque to be transmitted, or the force to be transmitted below a given value at least a portion of the potential energy as kinetic energy outputs to the generator. This can be achieved for example by the interposition of a spiral and / or coil spring as an elastic coupling. The torque is to be considered when the movement to be transmitted by the elastic coupling is a rotary movement and the force is to be considered when the movement to be transmitted by the spring element is a translatory, eg linear movement.

An intermediate elastic coupling can be used to flatten load peaks that occur during the transmission of mechanical power. Such load peaks can arise, for example, in the case of very rapid and / or abrupt actuation of the actuating element. When "flattening" the load peaks, at least a portion of the kinetic energy introduced into the door lock by the user via the actuator is stored in the flexible coupling, i. It transforms kinetic energy into potential energy. Later, so preferably when the corresponding peak stress subsides, this stored potential energy is released as kinetic energy to the generator. This is done, unlike in the prior art, not only after reaching a minimum value of the stored potential energy, but as soon as the load is less than that due to the tension of the elastic coupling, e.g. a spring element resulting force. This allows a particularly secure and durable function of the door lock can be achieved. You could also (alternatively or additionally) provide a slip clutch to prevent the components are overstressed. This would give you a worse efficiency.

The limit beyond which the elastic coupling stores potential energy can be adjusted by the selection of a bias, e.g. by a spring preload. Hereinafter, for the sake of simplicity, the term "spring element" is used as a synonym for a flexible coupling. The limit below which this potential energy is delivered is preferably dependent on the respective spring tension and in the simplest and thus preferred case, the restoring force of the spring element or the restoring torque of the spring element in the given stored potential energy.

The electrical energy generated by the generator is preferably stored at least in part, for example in at least one capacitor and / or in one Accumulator. Their capacity should preferably be sufficient to store the energy required for at least one authorization check. Preferably enough energy is stored for multiple authorization checks. The term authorization check preferably includes all sub-steps that are necessary for checking a key and possibly for closing and / or opening the clutch and / or for unlocking and / or locking the closing element.

Preferably, the door lock has a second actuating element, which is coupled via the first spring element and / or a second spring element with the generator. Each of the two actuating elements is preferably arranged on each of the two sides of the door, that is, the first actuating element on one (first) side of the door lock and the second actuating element on the other (second) side of the door lock. Thus, it does not matter on which side of the door the actuator is actuated, in each case the generator is activated. This sounds trivial at first, but it is not, because the two actuators unlike electromechanical door locks usually not rigidly coupled together, but are independently operable.

Preferably, a freewheel is arranged between the first and / or second actuating element and the generator, which decouples at least the first actuating element from the generator when the first actuating element is moved back from an end position to an initial position. This freewheel has two effects: First, the mechanical stress on the components of the door lock is reduced because the moving components of the generator and possibly provided gears or the like are not abruptly decelerated upon reaching the end stop of the actuator. In addition, the generator as well as the freewheel downstream optional gears or other rotating components can run until they get their kinetic energy delivered to the generator. The corresponding kinetic energy is therefore also used to generate electrical energy.

The starting position is the position of the actuating element in which the actuating element is located before a user actuates it. It is usually reset by a return spring in this initial position when the actuator is released. As a rule, the position is defined by a stop. If the actuator is actuated, it usually has an end position, which is usually defined by a second stop. In the usual door handles corresponds to a horizontal door handle an actuator in the starting position. A door handle in the end position is about 30 ° (usually 25-35 °) pivoted against the horizontal down. The angle between the starting position and the end position is also referred to as the maximum operating angle.

For example, the freewheel may have a self-locking roller clutch. This has the advantage that it is very reliable because it has no locking lugs. In addition, very small slip angles can be realized with a roller clutch. As a slip angle of the angle is referred to the input and output of the freewheel maximum in the reverse direction against each other can be rotated.

Preferably, the freewheel is arranged in a recess of a gear of a transmission, which couples the actuating element with the generator or with the spring element. The output side of the freewheel is preferably the gear. As a result, it acts like a flywheel, so as a kinetic energy storage. In addition, it preferably has the largest possible circumference, so that, in conjunction with a smaller gear, which is at least indirectly coupled to the rotor of the generator, the number of revolutions of the rotor per degree of deflection of the actuating element (at a pivotable Actuator) increases, whereby the stored kinetic energy is further increased. In addition, the voltage supplied by the generator can be increased.

Preferably, the freewheel is arranged coaxially to a rotational axis of the actuating element, which allows a particularly space-saving arrangement. For example, the freewheel may include the third rotor, e.g. as a particular disc-shaped third rotor, which forms an inner body of the freewheel. The inner body is coupled on a first side with the first actuating element. On the other (the first remote, second) side, the first rotor may be coupled to a second actuator having the function of the above-mentioned second rotor. Coupled here means that the first and second actuator each take the third rotor when they are operated. Coaxially with the third rotor, on the third rotor, e.g. an outer body of a freewheel sitting as a fourth rotor, which is freely rotatable against the third and thus also against the first and the second rotor in only one direction. In the opposite direction, the third rotor and the outer body are rotatably coupled together. This can be done for example via a self-locking roller clutch, a pawl freewheel, a sprag freewheel or the like.

Preferably, the coupling between the first and / or second actuating element or rotor and the third rotor via at least one coupling extension engages in a complementary recess to take the third rotor, ie in the direction of rotation, the boundary of the recess forms a stop. Contrary to the direction of rotation, the boundary of the recess is preferably set back so far that the third rotor can be rotated in the actuating direction at least by the maximum operating angle, without taking along the first and / or second actuating element. For example, this can be realized by a preferably annular segment-shaped recess be. If, for example, the recess is in the third rotor, for example, the first actuating element can engage in the recess from a first side and the second actuating element can engage in the recess from a second, opposite side. Alternatively, each coupling extension can engage in a separate recess. Alternatively, of course, the third rotor on each of its two end faces could each have at least one coupling extension, each engaging in a ring-segment-shaped recess of the first and the second rotor.

The combination of preferably rigid coupling projections, which engage in at least one annular segment-shaped recess, a simplest, and thus cheaper but also very reliable freewheel is realized. This freewheel only works because the operating angle is so small. As a result, each of the two actuating elements can take along the third rotor without taking along the respective other actuating element. The effort required for the user and also the risk of injury is minimized. In addition, a panic lock can thereby be realized in a very simple manner, in which a first (for example outside door) actuating element is connected to the closing element via an electromechanical coupling and coupled in this way and the second (inside door) actuating element is permanently connected to the closing element. Alternatively, one could also provide two third, independent rotors, which are both coupled via a freewheel with a common outer body. Each of the two third rotors can then be taken with exactly one of the two actuators, so be coupled with exactly one of the two actuators.

To realize a panic lock, for example, the first rotor via an electromechanical coupling for separating and connecting to the second actuating element and / or the closing element at least indirectly rotatably connected. In a panic lock can then, for example, the second (eg door inside) actuator constantly in operative connection with the closing element, whereas the first (eg door outside) actuator is coupled only after a successful authorization examination, for example with the closing element by means of the electromechanical coupling with the closing element. Coupled means that two components are non-positively and / or torque-transmitting connected to each other, for example, rotatably connected to each other. In the uncoupled state, the force and / or torque transmitting connection is canceled.

In the context of this patent application means coupled in operative connection with each other standing. Coupled components may e.g. a shaft and a gear with the interposition of a clutch.

Between the first and / or second actuating element and the generator can preferably be a kinetic energy storage, for. As a flywheel, be arranged. Thereby, the period in which the generator provides electrical power upon actuation of the actuator can be extended.

The first actuating element and the second actuating element may be coupled via a coupling element with the generator, wherein the coupling element has at least one recess into which a coupling extension of the first actuating element and a coupling extension of the second actuating element engage, whereby upon actuation of the first and / or second actuator, the coupling element is taken. The third rotor described above may for example be such a coupling element. In basically the same way, a linear actuated coupling element can be realized.

Description of the drawings

• Figur 1 zeigt eine Explosionszeichnung einer Baugruppe eines Türschlosses
• Figur 2 zeigt eine weitere Explosionszeichnung der Baugruppe des Türschlosses
• Figur 3 zeigt eine Vorderansicht der Baugruppe,
• Figur4 zeigt die Baugruppe im Schnitt entlang der Ebene A-A in Fig. 3,
• Figur 5 zeigt eine Seitenansicht der Baugruppe,
• Figur6 zeigt die Baugruppe im Schnitt entlang der Ebene B₁-B₁ in Fig. 5
• Figur7 zeigt die Baugruppe im Schnitt entlang der Ebene B2-B2 in Fig. 5

The invention will now be described by way of example without limitation of the general inventive idea by means of embodiments with reference to the drawings.

• FIG. 1 shows an exploded view of an assembly of a door lock
• FIG. 2 shows a further exploded view of the assembly of the door lock
• FIG. 3 shows a front view of the assembly,
• Figur4 shows the assembly in section along the plane AA in Fig. 3 .
• FIG. 5 shows a side view of the assembly,
• Figur6 shows the assembly in section along the plane B ₁ -B ₁ in Fig. 5
• Figur7 shows the assembly in section along the plane B2-B2 in Fig. 5

The FIGS. 1 and 2 show essential parts of an assembly of a door lock as an exploded view. Standard parts, which are not required to understand the operation have been omitted for clarity. The assembly has a carrier 10 which is attached to one side, eg the outside of a door panel.

The assembly has a first pusher shaft 20 (short shaft 20) with an outwardly facing square section on a conventional door handle can be placed. In this sense, the shaft 20 may also be referred to as the first control element 20, although strictly speaking, of course, the door handle itself is the operating element, however, the movement of the door handle on the shaft 20 is introduced into the module and this is what matters.

About an adapter 60 of a receptacle 64 (see. Fig. 2 ) For a second trigger shaft, a second actuator, such as an internal second door handle can be coupled to the assembly. This square shaft usually passes through a driver of a conventional box lock, preferably a panic lock (not shown). Only for the sake of simplicity, the adapter 60, as far as the initiation of a rotational movement in the assembly is also referred to as a second actuator, although strictly speaking, the second door handle is the second actuator. The adapter 60 is a second rotor 60 in the sense of the claims. Of course, the adapter 60 may also be integrally formed with the second pusher shaft and possibly also with the second pusher. Then, these components together form the second rotor 60.

The first control element 20 is rotatably coupled to a driver 21, ie, upon rotation about the longitudinal axis of the pusher shaft 20, this takes with the driver 21 and vice versa. The rotationally fixed coupling via two projections on the pusher shaft 20, which engage in complementary recesses of the driver 21 (see. Fig. 1 . Fig. 4 ). The driver 21 has a contact surface 25 on which a return spring 22 is supported and via which the restoring spring 22 exerts a restoring torque upon rotation of the driver 21 or of the first operating element (cf. Fig. 1 - Fig. 3 ). Accordingly, the other end of the return spring 22 is supported on a contact surface 13 of the carrier 10. Two cooperating stops 12, 24 define a starting position, wherein the stop 12 is arranged on the carrier 10 and the stop 24 on the driver 21 (see. Fig. 1 - Fig. 3 ). The stop 12 is in the example shown a pin which can be fixed by means of a cover 11 in two positions on the carrier 10 ( Fig. 1 . 2 ). As a result, the return spring 22 can also be used turned by 180 ° and thus the direction of the restoring torque can be reversed. The module can therefore be adjusted for doors with left stop as well as with right stop. The driver 21 is a first rotor 21 in the sense of the claims. Of course, the driver, the pusher shaft 20 and possibly the first door handle can also be integrally formed. Then the corresponding component forms the first rotor.

The driver 21 (= the first rotor) has on its side facing away from the first control element 20 two coupling extensions 23 (see. Fig. 2 ), each of which engage in a recess 33 of an exemplary disk-shaped inner body 31 of a freewheel. The inner body 31 is an example of the above-described third rotor, that is, the third rotor in the sense of the claims. The recesses 33 have the shape of circular segment-shaped slots, whereby the driver 21 while driving the first actuator 20, although the inner body 31 (ie the third rotor) entrains, but a rotation of the third rotor 31 in the same direction not the driver 21 and thus not the first actuator 20 entrains. In the same way, two coupling extensions 63 of the adapter 60 preferably engage in the same recesses 33 through longitudinal slots 43 of an outer body 40. Then lie in the unactuated resting state of the door lock the coupling projections 63 and the coupling extensions 23 in the recesses 33 diametrically opposite. For this purpose, an elastic return element act on the third rotor 31. If one of the two actuating elements is actuated, consequently, the inner body 31, that is to say the third rotor 31, is rotated about the operating angle, without the respective other actuating element being entrained. The arc length of the circular segment-shaped recesses therefore preferably corresponds at least to the maximum operating angle (in radians) plus the thickness of the coupling extensions 23, 63 (more precisely: at least the product of the angle in radians and the radius at which the largest arc length is needed, which inter alia of the Shape of the cross-sectional area of the coupling extensions 23, 63 depends, plus a surcharge for the coupling extensions).

The inner body 31, so the third rotor 31 is seated in a receptacle 41, ie a free space 41 of the outer body 40. The receptacle 41 has a cylindrical boundary 42. About clamping rollers 32 which sit in correspondingly shaped recesses of the third rotor 31, the inner body 31 (= the third rotor) and the outer body 40 coupled together, so that a freewheel is formed. In order to change the door lock from right stop to left stop of the door, the inner body 31 can be rotated by 180 °. Upon actuation of one of the two Betätigungslemente 20 locks the freewheel and the corresponding actuator takes the outer body with. On the outer body 40 sits a sprocket 51, which is coupled in a manner described below with a generator 58. An actuation of one of the actuating elements therefore drives the generator 58 via the first or the second rotor 21, 60.

The coupling of the freewheel with the generator 58 can be done for example by gears and preferably a spring element 56: The ring gear 51 on the freewheel meshes with an intermediate 52, which in turn meshes with the smaller gear 53 of a corrugated wheel consisting of a larger gear 54, a Shaft 59 and the smaller gear 53 is formed. On the output side of the corrugated wheel is formed as a bevel gear, which in turn with a 90 ° offset (with respect to the axes of rotation) arranged bevel gear 55 meshes. The bevel gear 55 is seated on a bearing sleeve 57 and is coupled via a spring element 56 with the bearing sleeve 57. The spring element 56 has the function of an elastic coupling and is designated accordingly. The bearing sleeve 57 in turn is non-rotatably connected to a generator shaft of the generator 58. The generator used in the example shown is a commercially available geared motor. By the gears 51 to 56 and the gear of the geared motor, a translation of about 1: 500 (possible translation> = 1: 6) is achieved. As a result, the rotor of the generator 58 rotates about 42 times when operating one of the two actuators by the above-mentioned 30 °. Because the gears and the generator can run after the freewheel, the generator shaft is not abruptly braked when the maximum operating angle is reached, but it runs according to the kinetic energy stored in the rotating parts, whereby this energy is used to generate electricity. By the spring element 56, the transmission from overloading jerky operation of one of the controls 20, 60 is protected. Not directly to the generator 58 supplied kinetic energy is initially stored as potential energy in the elastic coupling 56, ie in the spring element 56 and released again as soon as the restoring torque of the spring element 56 is greater than that between the control element and the generator via the spring element torque to be transmitted (taking into account the translation).

In order to be able to connect the first operating element in a rotationally fixed manner to a closing element of a door lock, the module has an electromechanical coupling, that is to say an electrically controlled coupling. For this purpose, the adapter 60 (= second rotor) initially rotatably seated in a complementary recess 49 of the outer body 40, which may be referred to as a fourth rotor. This recess 49 is arranged on the side facing away from the first operating element 20, has an at least substantially cylindrical wall and is arranged coaxially to the longitudinal axis of the second rotor 60. The adapter 60 has a radial recess 65, such as a stepped bore or a blind hole in which an outwardly spring-loaded coupling element sits, such as a coupling pin 62. In the cylindrical wall 48 of the recess is an opening 45 in which a ball 46 is arranged. The ball 46 can be prevented from being displaced by an actuator 70 connected to the carrier 10 by the spring-loaded coupling element 62 in a channel 15 of the carrier. In this position, the outer body could rotate freely in the recess 49 without consideration of the freewheel. If now a spool 71 of the actuator 70 is withdrawn ( Fig. 1 and Fig. 4 ), then pushes the coupling element 62 the ball 46 in a channel 15 of the carrier, so that the coupling element 62 rotatably connects the adapter 60 with the outer body 40. In FIG. 4 the spool is shown in the retracted position. The coupling element 62 and the ball 46 are shown merely arranged for the sake of clarity, the radial recess 65 and the opening 45. By the spring 61 follow (other than shown), the coupling element 62 and the ball 46 to the spool. Now, if the first shaft 20 and thus the first rotor 21 is rotated against the force of the return spring 22, then closes the freewheel and the first shaft 20 takes the outer body 40 (at least indirectly) with. Because the coupling element 12 rotatably connects the outer body 40 to the adapter 60, the first shaft 20 carries the adapter 60 (= second rotor 60). This is as described above, for example, coupled via a shaft with at least one closing element, for example with a driver of a box lock. To release, so opening the clutch, it is sufficient with the spool 71 to move the ball 46 from the channel 15 back into the opening 45. Now the first shaft 20, ie the first operating element and the at least one closing element are separated from each other again. The spool 71 may for example be moved by a motor, which preferably biases a resilient element, if the spool 71 is to be moved in the direction of the opening and the channel 15 and the opening 45 are not sufficiently aligned so that the ball 46 can not be moved , The resilient element acts on the spool 71, so that the ball 46 is moved back into the opening 45 as soon as the opening 45 with the channel 15 is sufficiently aligned. As a result, the actuation of the actuator can take place independently of the relative position of the opening 45 to the channel 15. Without the interposition of a resilient element between the motor and the spool 71, either the power consumption of the motor would have to be measured to prevent it from becoming blocked and / or determining the relative position of the opening 45 to the channel 15 and the spool 71 only (through control of the engine) are displaced when the opening 45 and the channel 15 are at least approximately aligned with each other.

The coupling can be described in a shortened and generalized manner as follows: A rotor of the coupling engages over another coaxially arranged rotor of the coupling. In one of the two rotors sits a biased in the direction of the remaining rotor coupling element. The remaining rotor has a coupling element complementary to the opening in the open state of the coupling a blocking element, for example, a ball or a roller is arranged. If a channel is released on the side facing away from the coupling element, the coupling element presses the blocking element into the channel and can thereby engage in the opening, as a result of which the two rotors are coupled to one another in a torque-proof manner. To open the clutch, it is sufficient to push back the locking element in the opening, while the coupling element is moved back into its seat in the one rotor and lifted the non-rotatable coupling of the one with the remaining rotor. In the drawing, the adapter 60 corresponds to one rotor and the outer body 40 corresponds to the other rotor. Of course, the coupling is not limited to the application shown in the drawing.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

10

carrier

11

cover

12

attack

13

contact surface

15

channel

20

first shaft / first control element

21

Driver / first rotor

22

Return spring

24

attack

25

contact surface

23

Coupling extension

31

Inner body / third rotor

32

role

33

recess

40

Outer body / fourth rotor

41

Recording / free space for inner body

42

Limiting the free space 41

43

longitudinal slot

45

opening

46

Ball (alternatively roll)

48

Wall of the recess

49

Recess for adapters

51

sprocket

52

gear

53

gear

54

Gear e.g. bevel gear

55

Gear e.g. bevel gear

56

elastic coupling / spring element

57

Bearing / bearing sleeve

58

Generator / geared motor

60

Adapter / second rotor

61

feather

62

Coupling element e.g. coupling pin

63

Coupling extension

64

admission

65

recess

70

actuator assembly

71

spool

Claims (10)

1. A door lock for a door, comprising at least:

   a. a locking element,

   b. a first actuating element (20), which is at least indirectly coupled to a generator (58) and with a locking element, to drive the generator via the first actuating element, while the locking element is actuated with the first actuating element for opening the door,

   c. a second actuating element coupled to the generator (58) to drive the generator (58) via the second actuating element (20), while the locking element is actuated with the second actuating element for opening the door,

   d. a first rotor (21) for transmitting an actuation of a first actuating element (20),

   e. a second rotor (60) for transmitting an actuation of a second actuating element, and

   f. a third rotor (31) coupled to the to a generator (58),

   wherein the third rotor (31) is coupled to the first rotor (21) and to the second rotor (60) in such a way that the third rotor (31) is rotated when the first or the second rotor (21, 60) is entrained to drive the generator (58), wherein the first rotor (21) does not entrain the second rotor (60) and/or the second rotor (60) does not entrain the first rotor (21).
2. Door lock according to claim 1,
   characterized in that
   the first and/or the second actuating element (20) are/is coupled to the generator (58) by means of at least one elastic coupling (56) in between thereof, and the elastic coupling (56) converts a part of the kinetic energy introduced via the actuating element (20) into potential energy, when exceeding a given torque to be transmitted and/or a given force to be transmitted, and the elastic coupling (56) outputs at least a part of the previously stored potential energy as kinetic energy when the torque to be transmitted and/or the force to be transmitted is below a given value,.
3. Door lock according to claim 1 or 2,
   characterized in that
   a freewheel (31, 32, 40) is arranged between the third rotor (31) and the generator (58), which freewheel decouples the first and/or second actuating element (20) from the generator (60) when the first and/or second actuating element (20) is moved back from an end position into an initial position.
4. Door lock according to claim 3,
   characterized in that
   the third rotor (31) forms the freewheel together with a fourth rotor (40), which freewheel entrains the fourth rotor (40) upon actuating one of the two actuating elements (20), and otherwise decouples at least one actuating element (20) from the fourth rotor (40).
5. Door lock according to claim 3 or 4,
   characterized in that
   the freewheel has a self-locking roller clutch (31, 32, 40).
6. Door lock according to one of claims 3 to 5,
   characterized in that
   the freewheel (31, 32, 40) is arranged coaxially with a rotational axis of the actuating element (20).
7. Door lock according to one of claims 1 to 6,
   characterized in that
   a kinetic energy store (40, 51) is arranged between the first and/or second actuating element (20) and the generator (58).
8. Door lock according to one of claims 1 to 7,
   characterized in that
   the third rotor (31) has at least one recess (33) into which a coupling extension (23) of the first rotor (21) and a coupling extension (63) of the second rotor (60) engage, whereby the third rotor (31) is entrained when the first and/or the second actuating element (20) is actuated.
9. Door lock according to claim 8 or 9,
   characterized in that
   the at least one recess (33) is ring-segment-shaped.
10. Door lock according to one of claims 1 to 9,
    characterized in that
    the first and/or second actuating element (20) are connected to the locking element via an electrically controlled coupling.

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