EP2724323B1 - Procédé et dispositif de création d'un ensemble de données de référence d'un document à partir d'un document - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif de création d'un ensemble de données de référence d'un document à partir d'un document Download PDF

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EP2724323B1
EP2724323B1 EP12733444.9A EP12733444A EP2724323B1 EP 2724323 B1 EP2724323 B1 EP 2724323B1 EP 12733444 A EP12733444 A EP 12733444A EP 2724323 B1 EP2724323 B1 EP 2724323B1
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Prior art keywords
feature
document
detection
detection method
reference data
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP2724323A1 (fr
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Andreas Wolf
Olaf Dressel
Uwe Rabeler
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Bundesdruckerei GmbH
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Bundesdruckerei GmbH
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07D—HANDLING OF COINS OR VALUABLE PAPERS, e.g. TESTING, SORTING BY DENOMINATIONS, COUNTING, DISPENSING, CHANGING OR DEPOSITING
    • G07D7/00—Testing specially adapted to determine the identity or genuineness of valuable papers or for segregating those which are unacceptable, e.g. banknotes that are alien to a currency
    • G07D7/06—Testing specially adapted to determine the identity or genuineness of valuable papers or for segregating those which are unacceptable, e.g. banknotes that are alien to a currency using wave or particle radiation
    • G07D7/12—Visible light, infrared or ultraviolet radiation

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of document recognition.
  • the publication EP 1 519 327 A2 shows a device for checking a authenticity of a bill.
  • the publication DE 10 2006 053 788 A1 shows a device for detecting contamination in the area of specialist transitions in at least a portion of a value document, such as a banknote.
  • the documents are provided with security features comprising one or more feature sets.
  • security features comprising one or more feature sets.
  • An example of such feature sets are optically detectable structures.
  • At least one feature set is detected by means of a detection device, for example a document reader, and evaluated if necessary using previously known reference data.
  • a detection device for example a document reader
  • the results of the evaluation may depend on the detection characteristics, such as resolution, of the document reader.
  • reference data are used for the evaluation of the detected feature set, which are usually adapted to the document readers to be used, for example in the resolution.
  • the reference data must have been recorded either with the same document reader or with a document reader of the same or higher resolution.
  • this approach is complex and not flexible due to the coupling of the document readers to the reference data.
  • the present invention is based on the finding that a more flexible concept for recognizing the authenticity of a document by decoupling the reference data from the properties of the detection devices used for document detection, for example document readers, can be realized.
  • This decoupling can be effected by providing reference data which can be adapted to the characteristics of the respective detection device. For example, the resolution of the reference data can be reduced and adapted to the resolution of the respective detection device.
  • the invention relates to a method of creating a document reference record from a document, the document having a first feature set and a second feature set, the first feature set being detectable using a first capture method, and the second feature set using a second capture method detectable, and wherein the method comprises the steps of: detecting the first feature set using the first detection method to obtain a first feature reference set; Detecting the second feature set using the second detection method to obtain a second feature reference set; Associating the first feature reference set with a page information indicative of a property of the first detection method to obtain a first feature reference data set of the document reference data set; and associating the detected second feature reference set with another page information indicative of a property of the second detection method to obtain a second feature reference data set of the document reference data set.
  • the document reference record thus represents the document, which may be a reference document, and can therefore be used to verify the authenticity of another document, in particular document recognition.
  • the document can have a plurality of different feature sets, which can each be detected by different detection methods.
  • a detection method that can be used to detect an optically detectable feature set is, for example, an optical detection method.
  • the document can be irradiated with radiation which comprises an optical wavelength range.
  • the radiation re-emitted by the document is detected, for example, by means of a suitable detection device.
  • the use of a single optical wavelength range may be provided.
  • detection can also be based on taking a picture of the document, for example by means of a conventional digital camera.
  • the optical wavelength ranges are preferably different, i. they differ in at least one wavelength.
  • the wavelength ranges may, for example, overlap the following wavelength ranges: 1 nm to 380 nm, 380 nm to 780 nm or 780 nm to 1000 nm.
  • the feature sets may include, for example, different features of the document, which can be detected with different detection methods.
  • the feature sets can be detectable, for example, optically, electrically, magnetically or electromagnetically.
  • the first and second detection methods are preferably different, such that the first feature set is detectable only using the first detection method and that the second feature set is detectable only using the second detection method. If, for example, the first and second detection methods are optical detection methods, they can work at different optical wavelengths or in different wavelength ranges, for example, in order to selectively detect the respective feature set.
  • feature reference sets are produced, which can be stored and processed electronically, for example.
  • an optical sensor can convert the incoming light originating, for example, from a reemission, into at least one electrical signal which represents a feature reference set and can be stored and further processed.
  • reemission is understood in particular to be a re-radiation in response to an optical excitation.
  • reemission means wavelength-conserving backscatter, as well as, alternatively or in combination, a wavelength-modifying process, such as, for example, luminescence-comprising fluorescence and / or phosphorescence-such as, for example, Stokes, Antistokes, or Raman scattering.
  • the optical detection can also be done by means of a laser.
  • the electrical signal may already be in the form of a digital data set whose values are digital values, and thus be detectable.
  • the feature reference sets can be used as comparison reference in the recognition of the authenticity of another document.
  • the feature reference sets are linked to a page information which respectively indicates at least one property of the respective detection method that provided the respective feature reference set.
  • the page information may indicate the particular resolution with which the feature reference sets were acquired.
  • the document may be one of the following documents, with or without electronics: identity document such as identity card, passport, access control card, credentials, corporate ID card or visa; Control character or ticket; birth certificate; Driver's license or vehicle pass; Banknote, check, postage stamp, other means of payment, such as bank card or credit card.
  • identity document such as identity card, passport, access control card, credentials, corporate ID card or visa; Control character or ticket; birth certificate; Driver's license or vehicle pass; Banknote, check, postage stamp, other means of payment, such as bank card or credit card.
  • the document can be single-layered or multi-layered or paper and / or plastic-based.
  • the document may be constructed of plastic-based films which are joined together to form a card body by means of gluing and / or lamination, the films preferably having similar material properties. If the feature sets are located, for example, in the MRZ (Machine Readable Zone) of such a document, then they can be detected or recorded optically, for example by means of an infrared detection or an
  • the first feature set and the second feature set are detected by at least one detection device, the method comprising the step of calibrating the at least one detection device to a predetermined calibration standard value, in particular to at least one of the following preset calibration standard values: optical distortion, brightness curve, brightness uniformity, color fidelity , optical resolution, modulation transfer function. This causes a normalization of the properties of the detection devices used to create the document reference data record.
  • the first feature set and the second feature set are detectable optically, in particular on the basis of the optical reemission, wherein the first feature set is detected in a first optical wavelength range with the first detection method, and wherein the second feature set with the second detection method in a second optical wavelength range is detected, and wherein the first wavelength range and the second wavelength range are different and differ, for example, in one wavelength.
  • the first feature set and the second feature set are electrically or magnetically or electromagnetically detectable, wherein the first feature set with the first detection method and the second feature set with the second detection method electrically or magnetically or electromagnetically, in particular by reading from the document, are detected.
  • the first feature set is detected with the first detection method in an optical wavelength range and the second feature set with the second detection method is detected electrically or magnetically or electromagnetically, in particular by reading from the document.
  • the wavelength range can be, for example, one of the wavelength ranges mentioned.
  • data in particular encrypted data
  • the readout can be done, for example, using authenticity-secure communication protocols to enable secure communication.
  • the electrically readable data may be, for example, digital data representing the respective feature set.
  • magnetic properties of one of the feature sets can be detected.
  • Such magnetic properties can be generated for example by the use of a magnetic color for the respective feature set.
  • radio waves can be used, which emits the document.
  • high-frequency properties of the respective feature set for example a high-frequency reflection spectrum, can also be detected during the electromagnetic detection.
  • the page information comprises one or more of the following detection parameters: indication of the type of detection, wavelength range, magnification, acquisition resolution, acquisition color space, illumination parameter, exposure parameter, document type, detection location, acquisition time.
  • the indication of the type of detection can indicate, for example, whether the detection of the respective feature set was made optically, electrically, magnetically or electromagnetically.
  • the wavelength range may be, for example, one of the aforementioned optical wavelength ranges.
  • the magnification can indicate, for example, the scale with respect to the reference document of the respective feature set has been detected or in which magnification with respect to the reference document, the respective feature reference sentence is present.
  • the detection resolution can, for example, provide information about the optical resolution with which the respective feature set was acquired.
  • the capture color space can indicate whether it is an RGB (red, green, blue) or other capture color space.
  • the illumination parameter indicates, for example, which illuminance has been set during an optical detection of the respective feature set.
  • the exposure parameter may indicate, for example, the exposure time with which the respective feature set was optically detected.
  • the document type may indicate whether the document is a passport, a banknote, or the like.
  • the entry location indicates where the document was acquired or to which location or country the document is assigned.
  • the collection time may specify the time at which the document was collected.
  • the page information further indicates a property of the document, in particular a number of document pages, an indication of the authenticity of the document, document type, document structure, printing technique, color, printed text.
  • the properties of the document can come, for example, from a knowledge database, which can be queried for example via a communication network. However, according to one implementation, these properties may also be entered by a user using default templates.
  • the method comprises associating the first feature reference set with a first feature statement indicating at least one security property of the first feature reference set, and associating the second feature reference set with a second feature specification indicating at least one security property of the first feature reference set.
  • the respective feature specification can indicate, for example, the position or the position of the respective feature set or a feature of the feature set, the relative position of feature sets with respect to each other, reissue properties of the feature sets, the type of feature set, for example a serial number or a machine-readable zone, or specify other security features. which are specific to the document and the respective feature set. This information can be used to verify the authenticity of a document under review.
  • the first feature reference data set and the second feature reference data set or the first feature reference set and the second feature reference set are stored in a lossless data format, in particular tagged image file format.
  • the use of the lossless data format ensures that no or little information loss occurs when storing the feature reference data sets or when storing the feature reference sets.
  • the document reference record is stored in a reference database.
  • the reference database may, for example, be reachable via a communications network, for example the Internet. In this way the recorded document reference record is made available electronically and location-independently.
  • the invention relates to a method for checking the authenticity of a document using a document reference data record, the document having a first feature set and a second feature set, wherein the first feature set and the second feature set are detectable by different detection methods
  • the document reference record a Comprises a plurality of feature reference sets, each associated with different detection methods, the method comprising the steps of: detecting the first feature set using a particular detection method; Providing the document reference record; Selecting a feature reference set associated with the particular detection method from the plurality of feature reference sets to obtain a selected feature reference set; and comparing the detected first feature set with the selected feature reference set to verify the authenticity of the document.
  • the document reference record may be a document reference record created by the method of creating a document reference record having the features described above and below.
  • the document reference record further comprises a feature indication indicating a security property of the selected feature reference set, and wherein the method performs a verification of the detected first feature set based on the first feature specification.
  • the method further comprises reading the document reference record from a reference database.
  • the method further comprises a selection of a comparison rule for comparing the detected first feature set with the selected feature reference set from a plurality of comparison rules.
  • the invention relates to an apparatus for creating a document reference record for a document, the document having a first feature set and a second feature set, wherein the first feature set is detectable using a first detection method, the second feature set using a second detection method and wherein the device comprises the following features: at least one detection means for detecting the first feature set using the first detection method to obtain a first feature reference set, and for detecting the second feature set using the second detection method to obtain a second feature reference set receive; and a processor for associating the first feature reference set with page information indicative of a property of the first detection method to obtain a first feature reference data set of the document reference data set; and associating the detected second feature reference set with another page information indicative of a property of the second detection method to obtain a second feature reference data set of the document reference data set.
  • the invention relates to a computer program for carrying out at least one of the aforementioned and subsequently described methods when the computer program is executed on a computer.
  • Fig. 1 shows a diagram of a method for creating a document reference data record using an in Fig. 1 not shown document, which is a reference document, according to an embodiment.
  • the document comprises a first feature set and a second feature set which can be detected differently, ie by means of different detection methods.
  • the first and the second feature set can, for example, optically be detected at different optical wavelengths.
  • An example of such an optical detection is the optical reemission in response to an optical excitation in one of the wavelength ranges 1 nm to 380 nm, 380 nm to 780 nm or 780 nm to 1,000 nm.
  • the different wavelength ranges can, for example, the white light, the UV light , Specify in particular the UV-A, UV-B, UV-C or IR light.
  • the feature sets may be detectable under different recording conditions, such as grazing or transmitted light.
  • the first feature set and the second feature set may also be detectable based on different physical detection principles.
  • the first feature set may be optically detectable in response to an optical excitation in one of the aforementioned wavelength ranges, while the second feature set may be detected magnetically, electrically or electromagnetically, for example.
  • the second feature set can permanently comprise magnetic particles which can be applied by means of a magnetic ink and generate a magnetic field that can be detected by a magnetic field sensor.
  • the second feature set may also be present digitally in the form of a bit sequence stored in an electrical memory of the document, which is electrically readable.
  • the second feature set can also be detectable electromagnetically with the aid of, for example, an RFID (RFID: Radio Frequency Identification) method.
  • RFID Radio Frequency Identification
  • the method includes detecting 101 the first feature set using a first detection method to obtain a first feature reference set 102.
  • the method further comprises detecting 103 the second feature set using a second detection method to obtain a second feature reference set 104. If the first and the second feature set 102, 104 are optically detectable feature sets, then they can be detected, for example, by means of an optical document reader which can operate, for example, at different wavelength ranges.
  • the method further comprises associating 105 the first feature reference set 102 with page information indicative of a property of the first detection method to obtain a first feature reference data set 106 of the document reference data set.
  • the method further comprises the Associating 107 the second feature reference set 104 with another page information indicative of a property of the second detection method to obtain a second feature reference data set 108 of the document reference data set.
  • first and the second feature set 102, 104 are detected optically at different optical wavelengths by means of one or more optical sensors, for example, then the light detected in each case is converted into an electrical signal which represents the detected light and forms the respective feature reference set.
  • the feature reference sets can therefore be present as electrical signals, for example in the form of digital bit sequences, and for example each represent an optically detected image. The same applies to the electrical, magnetic or electromagnetic detection of the respective feature set.
  • the feature reference sets 106, 108 thus obtained can therefore be stored electrically and processed with the aid of digital signal processing, in particular with the aid of digital image signal processing.
  • detecting 101, 103 may be performed sequentially or simultaneously. If the document contains more than two differently recordable feature sets, then this can be done in Fig. 1 have shown method further detection and linking steps.
  • the respective page information can for example be present digitally, so that the linking of the respective feature reference data set with the respective page information can take place, for example, by appending the respective page information to the respective feature reference record 102, 104 in order to obtain the respective feature reference data record 106, 108.
  • the feature reference records 106, 108 form the document reference record 109.
  • the respective page information preferably indicates a physical property of the respective detection method, as a result of which subsequent processing of the feature reference sets 102, 104, for example for adapting the feature reference sets 102, 104 to physical properties, for example resolution, of a document reader used for document recognition especially easy to do.
  • the physical properties of the respective detection method are, for example, an optical wavelength range in which the respective detection method works or in which the respective feature set of the document is detectable, a detection scale, a detection resolution, a detection color space, an illumination parameter, an exposure parameter.
  • the page information may further include an indication of the type of detection to indicate whether the particular detection method is an optical, a magnetic, an electrical, or an electromagnetic detection method.
  • the page information may further indicate a property of the document, such as a number of document pages, a document type, a physical document structure, the printing technique used, color or printed text.
  • the page information may further indicate whether the document on the basis of which the document reference record is generated is a genuine or a fake document.
  • the method may additionally include associating 111 the first feature reference set 102 with a first feature specification indicating at least one security property of the first feature reference set and linking 113 the second feature reference set 104 with a second feature specification indicating at least one security property of the second feature reference set.
  • the steps of linking 111, 113 may be performed in parallel with the steps of linking 105, 107, before, or after.
  • the feature details can be present in digital form, which makes it particularly easy to digitally link the feature details with digitally present feature sets, for example by attaching them to the respective feature set.
  • the security properties can be, for example, those properties of the feature sets and thus also of the feature reference sets which enable verification of the authenticity of a document.
  • the security properties can specify, for example, positions (x, y), extents (Lx, Ly) of the respective feature set and thus also of the respective feature reference set with respect to the document.
  • the feature details can also specify whether the respective feature set, ie also the respective feature reference set, is a machine-verifiable feature set is.
  • the feature specifications can also specify the optical properties of the respective feature set. These include, for example, optical reemission properties of the respective feature set at different wavelengths.
  • the feature specification may further indicate whether the respective feature reference sentence relates, for example, to a microprint having a predetermined content.
  • the feature details can also specify the form and / or contents of certain areas of the document, in particular the MRZ of the document.
  • the feature specification may further include an indication as to whether the respective feature set is a tactile feature, a watermark, a see-through register, a relief, in particular a gravure relief, or a security thread with a microprint or continuous font.
  • the feature indication may further indicate whether the feature set has been applied by means of a color which is iridescent and comprises, for example, transparent pigments such as mica flakes.
  • the feature details thus allow an assignment of the security properties of the feature sets to the detected feature reference sets in the feature reference record.
  • the method illustrated includes a step of calibrating 100 the detector or detectors.
  • Calibration 100 is preferably performed prior to detection 101, 103 of the respective feature set to calibrate the at least one detector to a calibration standard value. This ensures that the detectors used to create different document reference datasets always have the same physical detection characteristics, such as resolution or magnification. In this way, a decoupling of the generated document reference data set 109 from the properties of a detection device, for example a test device, which is used to verify the authenticity of a document, achieved.
  • calibration 100 generates a reproducible database of high and defined quality that includes the recognizable physical document features in the form of the feature data sets.
  • the calibration of the at least one detection device furthermore makes it possible to record and process the document properties embossed by the feature sets without taking into account the physical properties of, for example, later to be used document readers or test hardware.
  • This makes it possible to adapt the document reference data set 109, which may be stored, for example, in a reference database, to the properties of a test hardware without the document reference data set 109 having to be recorded again.
  • This approach is advantageous because, for example, the documents published by the worldwide distributed publishers of documents are difficult and usually only temporarily available for the creation of reference databases with document reference datasets, and because it is difficult to introduce a new generation of test equipment, ie acquisition devices for document capture, to obtain these documents for the creation of a document reference record.
  • a calibration of an optical system usually serves to check the achievement of predetermined quality values of this system or, by adjustment, to adapt its settings to such an extent that these quality values are fulfilled.
  • a calibration of an optical system comprises a detection of a deviation of a measurement made by the system from an example of a measuring standard defined as a normal.
  • An adjustment of the optical system may then be or include, for example, a correction of a measurement of a property of interest by means of the detected deviation.
  • the term adjustment is to be understood in this context in general and may include both physical-technical measures, such as a relative change in the distance and / or position of optical elements to each other, as well as the application of stored deviation data as part of a software-implemented adjustment, as well as combinations of both, include.
  • Possible properties with which it is possible to calibrate are, for example, the distortion of the image, the uniformity of the brightness, the color fidelity and the resolution or MTF (modulation transfer function).
  • the calibration on the one hand can ensure that captured feature reference data have a certain quality, and on the other hand determine which properties the captured images have in order to make these images normable are, ie in knowledge of the errors of an existing document reader can be corrected to a defined state, are reproducible, ie also lead from another document reader within the physical limits of this document reader images taken again to the same standards, have known properties, such as what adjustments can be made to obtain a standard image, or which parameters, such as what resolution, the image actually has, and are transformable, ie, that from the standard images images can be derived, as the actual images taken every possible, So synonymous poorer recording system with a document reader correspond.
  • optical detectors often have an aberration that translates into distortion of the image. This error can be mitigated by extended beam paths and better lenses or computationally compensated for loss of resolution.
  • a normalized image should have only a very small distortion.
  • Optical distortions can be measured with tools that know locations and angles of specific points and structures on the object to be imaged and compare them with their properties in the image. An example of such a tool is a chart with orthogonal parallels. Equalized images are important for measuring and assessing locations, directions, and distances from and between objects in the image.
  • optical detectors often have an aberration that results in uneven brightness of the image. Frequently, such effects occur at the edges of the image. This error can be reduced by better lenses or compensated mathematically by loss of dynamics.
  • a normalized image should have only a small inhomogeneity with respect to the illumination. The uniformity can be measured by means of charts having a uniform medium brightness image. Often photo papers are used for this purpose, which are available over long periods of consistent quality. Homogenized images are important in order to be able to measure and assess the brightness and above all brightness differences of and between objects in the image.
  • Color fidelity measurements are usually made using charts that contain sections of a well-defined known color.
  • white balance where an image of an object known as "white” is corrected to "white.”
  • Color fidelity is the identification and compensation of variations in color rendering of a color chart established in the industry.
  • the processing of images from a sensor usually takes a picture of the raw data in a color space. In this context, it is advantageous to ensure that it is the same color space. Color-accurate images are useful for identifying and comparing the colors of objects in the image.
  • the minimum size of objects that are actually distinguishable in an image generally deviates from the magnification, which depends on the ratio of the imaged original and the size or pixel number of the sensor. Due to physical properties of the optical system, for example, the quality of the lens, the actual resolution is smaller than the theoretically achievable by the sensor value in pixels per inch (ppi) or centimeters (ppcm). This is caused by the fact that objects below a certain size can no longer be optically "focused" and are therefore indistinguishable.
  • the resolution will usually be different in different regions of the image, which is to be considered for a standard image, ie for a reference image that may be represented by a reference data set.
  • Known aids are line pair stencils on which horizontal or vertical bands of parallel lines of a certain distance are printed. It is preferably measured, which contrast black-white transitions have at certain line intervals.
  • objects of different sizes can be distinguished or measured in the recorded image.
  • a normalized reference image can have at least such a large and known resolution that the smallest structures to be examined are imaged sufficiently well. Examples of such objects are microfonts. It should be noted that the achievable resolution usually may be different for white light and IR images, unless the lens is corrected over a wider spectrum than normal or a light-dependent adjustment, ie focus, is made.
  • the detector may be calibrated to ensure that predetermined calibration standard standardized conditions, such as illumination homogeneity, distortion, MTF, or color fidelity, are maintained which allow for later comparability and reproducibility of the recorded feature sets.
  • the calibration of the detection device or the verification of the calibration can be carried out, for example, regularly or periodically using defined geometric templates or color charts. In this way, it is ensured that the detected feature reference sets always have the same properties within defined deviations, regardless of the detection time or of the characteristics of the detection devices used in each case for reference recordings.
  • the creation of the document reference data record can, for example, be carried out using a computer program which defines a sequence of the method steps. In this case, according to one embodiment, an interaction with the user take place. According to a further embodiment, the document reference data record can be created automatically already during the production of a document.
  • the first embodiment which provides for user interaction and optical detection of the feature sets by means of, for example, a reference recording system, which is an example of a detection device, with a camera and illumination.
  • Fig. 2 shows a diagram of a method for creating a document reference record.
  • a program for recording and lighting control according to a document to be recorded is started by a user, for example.
  • a predetermined Detection sequence with different detection methods and optionally a predetermined combination of lighting profiles are selected.
  • the method comprises the step of requesting the user 203 to insert the document into a detection device, for example, in a specific orientation for the purpose of detection.
  • the user can acknowledge this process, whereby the detection 205 of the document or one or more feature sets of the document is started.
  • a detection sequence can be triggered, which comprises, for example, three images each in different optical wavelength ranges.
  • the in Fig. 1 illustrated steps of the detection 101 and the detection 103, for example, sequentially executed. It is also possible to repeat the acquisitions or the acquisition sequences also for a back side of the document or for several pages of the document. Optionally, different acquisition sequences may be provided for different pages of the document.
  • the method further comprises the step of data input 207, which is preferably performed after completion of the acquisition sequence.
  • This may prompt the user to enter data.
  • the feature reference sets can be represented graphically, so that the further features can be identified, for example, by a frame and linked to it, for example.
  • Further data may include, for example, one or more page information indicative of at least one property of the at least one capture method, such as capture type, illumination and exposure parameters.
  • the data may also include information about the country, the type of document, the number of document pages, the location of the recording, and the recording time. Further, for example, whether the document is an original or a forgery can be input.
  • the data resulting from this step may be further processed in a file system in a unified and structured manner either as the document reference record or for further processing to create a document reference record with even more additional information in the step of further processing 209.
  • side information and / or as feature information which specify one or more security properties of the document or the recorded feature sets, be specified.
  • the features of the document such as the printing technique used, the microfilm or the use of special colors can be examined and identified, for example, on the respective image represented by a feature reference sentence.
  • the user is guided by the program in a structured way.
  • the detection of the feature sets can be done for example by machine or manually by the user. For example, during manual entry, the user can select the respective feature set and all other properties from templates.
  • the user can select the respective feature set and all other properties from templates.
  • the frequency and the association with or dependence on other feature sets can be detected.
  • the frequency and association with or pendency of other feature sets may be captured.
  • Some feature sets created in the same step in production may be in the same position relative to each other.
  • feature sets introduced in different steps can cause larger deviations in the relative position to each other. So z. For example, if the feature set "Serial Number" has the high pressure property and is not UV reactive, then this feature set disappears upon excitation with UV light. If the document has already been entered once, the user can add new feature sets, but he can also recapture old feature sets with regard to their position and characteristics and correlate the data with other documents already collected, for example of the same type. Thus, statements about the variance of individual feature sets can be obtained, which in turn can be incorporated into the process flow.
  • Feature sets that require detail capture or further physical measurements may also be marked separately.
  • Examples of such feature sets are the detection of micro-scripts and the recording of micro-optical structures from specific angles or with light of specific properties. They can be collected as a work order at the end of the process. The data from this work order can then be maintained individually or in total. For example, the program displays to the user on request the status of the detection of the virtual document, that is to say of the document reference data record.
  • the user can use templates. But he can also expand the templates and so enter further knowledge.
  • the well-known exceptions such as e.g. the number of characters or the font size to be deposited.
  • the treasure of knowledge lies u. A. in the templates. This ensures that once knowledge is acquired about the properties of documents in general and for a specific document is not lost, that dependencies between different characteristics are created and that the data acquisition always has the same quality and reproducible results.
  • the virtual document recorded in this way can be stored in a database.
  • the virtual documents preferably always have a comparable quality and can be used in addition to a use as a reference book due to the generic description of document features regardless of the implementation of a document inspection system used for its programming.
  • Use of the virtual document in a document verification system with a simple document reader Such a document reader may have, for example, only a low resolution camera and only white light illumination.
  • the data of the virtual document is transformed appropriately for this system. This means that all features that are not testable in white light or whose inspection requires a higher resolution than the document reader offers are removed.
  • the remaining images can be reduced in resolution and color space of the document reader with respect to their resolution and color space. From the thus adapted data, a new reference database suitable only for this system is generated.
  • Defining defined workflows ensures that the same acquisitions, such as recordings, are always recorded for similar documents. Furthermore, for identical documents after completion of the in Fig. 2 shown process identical quantities of recordings are generated at any time. In addition, it is possible to consider non-optical data in the acquisition processes. If the document is equipped, for example, with RFID components, the acquisition of the electronically stored feature sets, which are available as data, and optionally the physical and protocol-related properties of the electronic part of the document can take place.
  • FIG. 12 is a block diagram of an apparatus for creating a document reference record from a document that may be a reference document and having a plurality of feature sets that are detectable using different detection methods.
  • the apparatus 300 includes at least one detecting means 301 for detecting a first feature set using a first detecting method to obtain a first feature reference set and detecting a second feature set of the plurality of feature sets using a second detecting method to obtain a second feature reference set.
  • the apparatus 300 further comprises a processor 303 configured to associate the first feature reference set with a page information indicative of a property of the first detection method to obtain a first feature reference data set of the document reference data set.
  • the processor 303 is further configured to associate the detected second feature reference set with another page information indicative of a property of the second detection method to obtain a second feature reference data set of the document reference data set.
  • the processor 303 may be configured to implement the method described above.
  • the processor 303 for example, programmatically set and the in Fig. 1 illustrated steps 105, 107, 111 and 113 execute.
  • the processor may also be designed to be in Fig. 2 steps 201-209 or their substeps to assist a user in the creation of the document reference record.
  • the processor 303 may be designed to correspondingly control the detection device 301 so that it carries out a detection sequence at, for example, different optical wavelengths for detecting the feature sets of the document.
  • the detection device 301 may be configured to perform optical detection at different wavelengths or wavelength ranges as mentioned above.
  • the detection device 301 may also be provided to perform an electrical, magnetic or electromagnetic detection of the feature sets.
  • the detection device 301 may have a plurality of detection devices, each of which is provided to carry out a specific detection method, for example an optical, an electrical, a magnetic or an electromagnetic detection method.
  • FIG. 3 The device 300 shown directly results from the features of the method for creating a document reference data record.
  • the method further comprises providing 403 the document reference record, for example by reading from a reference database.
  • a document reference record includes a plurality of feature reference sets, wherein a number of feature reference sets are not needed for checking the authenticity of the document. This is the case, for example, when the document reference record has feature reference sets associated with detection methods different from the detection method used in step 401.
  • a feature reference set is selected from the plurality of feature reference sets associated with the detection method used in step 401. The unneeded feature sets can therefore be hidden or deleted from the document reference record.
  • the feature set acquired in step 401 is compared with the selected feature reference set in the step of comparing 407 to check the authenticity of the document.
  • the selected feature reference data set may be further processed to adapt the selected feature reference set to that acquired in step 401 Feature reference rate.
  • a resolution or a scaling of a magnification which is based on the feature reference theorem can be adapted.
  • the processing 409 of the feature reference set may be performed after the step of selecting 405 and before the step of comparing 407.
  • the document reference record is generated from a document 501 having a first feature set 503 and a second feature set 505.
  • the feature sets 503 and 505 are detected, for example, in a detection sequence using different detection methods such as described above.
  • feature reference sets 507 are created in the form of raw data.
  • the feature reference sets 507 are linked to page information and feature information, respectively, as discussed above.
  • the page information or the feature information can be retrieved, for example, from a knowledge base 511.
  • a communication connection can be established via a communication network.
  • the document reference record is provided in step 513.
  • the document reference data record can be stored, for example, in a reference database and made available for retrieval, for example via a communication network or a distributor 515 for document recognition.
  • the document reference data set thus created can be used, for example, for document recognition when using different detection devices, for example when using a document reader 517 or using a document reader 519.
  • the document reference data set can be adapted for each of the document readers 517, 519 respectively first in the step of processing 521, 523 to the properties of each detected with the respective document reader 517, 519 feature set, whereby in each case a reference 525, 527 for the respective document reader 517, 519 for example, in a reference database.
  • the processing of the document reference data record may include, for example, an adaptation of an optical resolution or an optical magnification or a color space to the characteristics or properties of the respective document reading device 517, 519.
  • the document reference record can also be adapted in a step of processing 529 to previously known properties of at least one document reader and stored in a customer database 531.
  • the physical document properties of a document can basically be detected by means of the detection device, which can be a measuring device.
  • feature reference sets are detected, which can be stored from raw data in step 507, for example in a memory.
  • a digest of this raw data is performed involving the knowledge base 511, which may be a document knowledge database, to the document reference record representing a virtual document.
  • the document reference data record can thus comprise the metrologically obtained data as well as their linking and editing, which can be carried out with the aid of the knowledge database 511.
  • no references to special purpose test tools for document recognition are included in the knowledge base.
  • the document reference data record is processed and thus adapted for the respective target application.
  • the data in steps 521, 523, 529 which may be implemented by means of an adapter, are mapped to the properties of the respective document reading device 517, 519.
  • the data of the document reference data record thus generated can be stored separately as references 525, 527 in the reference database. Use of the document reference record may also be stored without a document reader in the customer database 531 and used, for example, as a reference.
  • the processed feature reference sets of the document reference data record can then be used in each case for document recognition on the basis of, for example, a comparison.
  • further page information can be used, which can provide the document reference record as stated above and which allow a more accurate document recognition.
  • the processing of the document reference data set for adapting the feature reference set to the properties of the respectively used document reading device 517, 519 can be done, for example, digitally with the aid of processing algorithms.
  • processing algorithms can For example, to reduce a resolution of the respective feature reference set or to change a magnification.
  • different algorithms can be used, which can be provided in an algorithm pool and retrieved for processing the document reference data record.
  • Fig. 6 shows an extension of the in Fig. 5 illustrated embodiment by an algorithm pool or database 601 with, for example, a variety of processing algorithms, which can be used to process the document reference data set.
  • suitable algorithms can be retrieved by the customer via the communication network or via the distributor 602 in order to process the document reference data set appropriately.
  • a feedback 603 may also be provided, in order, for example, to link the feature reference sets with further side information, which contains, for example, information on how the respective feature reference set can be processed.
  • the feature reference record for example a stored image
  • the detected feature set for example with the image of the document currently to be recognized.
  • the data fields are read out in terms of content, for example using the OCR (Optical Character Recognition) method. If there is a mismatch, another stored document reference record is advanced until a matching document reference record is found.
  • OCR Optical Character Recognition
  • the document recognition can, for example, begin with the reading out of the complex and rich feature reference sets, which can be computationally adapted to the performance of a document reader used as an example for document recognition. For example, if a predetermined document reader is only capable of using white light or infrared light, with a resolution of one megapixel, ie, with a lower resolution than the feature reference set, the feature reference sets can be downscaled down to one megapixel with a software adapter.
  • Fig. 7 10 shows by way of example a sequence of linking a feature reference set with side information or with feature details with exemplary annotation steps 701 to 721.
  • the feature reference sentence can be linked to a page information which is based on a document type, for example passport, identification card (ID card), driver's license, Banknote, indicating.
  • the issuer of the document for example, the Federal Republic of Germany, specified.
  • the size of the document can be specified, which can be standardized to one of the variables ID1, ID2, ID3, for example.
  • further information about the size of the document can also be specified.
  • information about the surface material may be given in step 707.
  • This information includes, for example, the substrate, the indication of whether it is a laminated security, whether it is a security, polycarbonate, banknote paper.
  • the number of pages may be indicated, such as the total number of pages, the total number of pages without a page of data, or the number of personalized pages.
  • step 711 information about the surface of the first page or the front side can be made.
  • This information includes the printing technique, the printed text, the symbols, the material, the color or other characteristics.
  • information about the surface of the first side and the back side may be given in step 713. This information may include the information from step 711.
  • step 707 as a substrate and the color of the printing material, such as green, blue or red, can be specified.
  • step 709 different numbers of pages may be indicated associated with the respective color of the printing stock. It can be stated here that the passport has a total of 33 pages or that the passport comprises 26 pass pages or that the passport comprises two personalized pages.
  • knowledge is structured in such a way as to capture knowledge of a document in such a way that, for example, it can last for a period of validity of an entire document series.
  • a tester may be provided with specific knowledge about these document specific features. For example, travel documents may be required to be printed on a UV-active paper, called document paper. However, some documents may carry additional UV-active security features that may be found in various parts of the document. A test for the use of document paper can therefore be more accurate the more detailed the area in which the document responds to UV irradiation is detected. In addition, the applied UV pattern can also be used for an examination.
  • An advantage of the concept described above is that the complex and rich document reference records can be regularly updated.
  • the document recognition device used in each case, as used, for example, in Fig. 3 is displayed, to be updated.
  • a further advantage of the described concept is that one and the same document reference data record can be used for a plurality of different document recognition devices with different detection devices.
  • a further advantage of the above-described concept is given by the fact that a simple detection device can also be used for document recognition because it is always possible to select that feature reference set which can also be used for document recognition.

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Claims (15)

  1. Procédé de création d'un ensemble de données de référence (109) à partir d'un document, où ledit document comprend un premier ensemble de caractéristiques et un deuxième ensemble de caractéristiques, où le premier ensemble de caractéristiques est détectable par application d'un premier procédé de détection, où le deuxième ensemble de caractéristiques est détectable par application d'un deuxième procédé de détection, et où ledit procédé comprend les étapes suivantes :
    détection (101) du premier ensemble de caractéristiques par application du premier procédé de détection, pour obtenir un premier ensemble de caractéristiques de référence (102) ;
    détection (103) du deuxième ensemble de caractéristiques par application du deuxième procédé de détection, pour obtenir un deuxième ensemble de caractéristiques de référence (104) ; caractérisé par un
    mise en relation (105) du premier ensemble de caractéristiques de référence (102) avec une information secondaire renvoyant à une propriété du premier procédé de détection, pour obtenir un premier ensemble de données de caractéristiques de référence (106) de l'ensemble de données de référence (109) ; et un
    mise en relation (113) du deuxième ensemble de caractéristiques de référence (104) avec une autre information secondaire renvoyant à une propriété du deuxième procédé de détection, pour obtenir un deuxième ensemble de données de caractéristiques de référence (108) de l'ensemble de données de référence (109).
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, où le premier ensemble de caractéristiques et le deuxième ensemble de caractéristiques sont détectés optiquement au moyen d'au moins un dispositif de détection, et où le procédé comprend l'étape d'étalonnage (100) dudit au moins un dispositif de détection à une valeur d'étalonnage standard définie, en particulier à au moins une des valeurs d'étalonnage standard suivantes : distorsion, courbe de brillance, uniformité de brillance, netteté des couleurs, résolution optique, fonction de transfert de modulation.
  3. Procédé selon la revendication 1, où
    le premier ensemble de caractéristiques et le deuxième ensemble de caractéristiques sont détectables optiquement, en particulier sur la base de la réémission optique, le premier ensemble de caractéristiques étant détecté avec le premier procédé de détection dans une première plage de longueur d'onde optique, et le deuxième ensemble de caractéristiques étant détecté avec le deuxième procédé de détection dans une deuxième plage de longueur d'onde optique, et la première plage de longueur d'onde et la deuxième plage de longueur d'onde étant différentes ; ou
    le premier ensemble de caractéristiques et le deuxième ensemble de caractéristiques sont détectables électriquement, magnétiquement ou électromagnétiquement, le premier ensemble de caractéristiques étant détecté avec le premier procédé de détection et le deuxième ensemble de caractéristiques étant détecté avec le deuxième procédé de détection électriquement, magnétiquement ou électromagnétiquement, en particulier par extraction du document ; ou
    le premier ensemble de caractéristiques est détecté avec le premier procédé de détection dans une plage de longueur d'onde optique et le deuxième ensemble de caractéristiques est détecté avec le deuxième procédé de détection électriquement, magnétiquement ou électromagnétiquement, en particulier par extraction du document.
  4. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, où l'information secondaire comprend un ou plusieurs des paramètres de détection suivants : type de détection, plage de longueur d'onde, échelle de reproduction, résolution de détection, espace colorimétrique de détection, paramètres d'éclairage, paramètres d'exposition, type de document, lieu de détection, temps de détection.
  5. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, où l'information secondaire indique en outre une propriété du document, en particulier un nombre de pages de document, une indication relative à l'authenticité du document, le type de document, la structure physique du document, la technique d'impression, la couleur, le texte imprimé.
  6. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, comprenant en outre la mise en relation (111) du premier ensemble de caractéristiques de référence (102) avec une première indication de caractéristique, laquelle se rapporte à au moins une propriété de sécurité du premier ensemble de caractéristiques de référence, et la mise en relation (113) du deuxième ensemble de caractéristiques de référence (104) avec une deuxième indication de caractéristique, laquelle se rapporte à au moins une propriété de sécurité du premier ensemble de caractéristiques de référence.
  7. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, où le premier ensemble de données de caractéristiques de référence (102) et le deuxième ensemble de données de caractéristiques de référence (104) ou le premier ensemble de caractéristiques de référence (102) et le deuxième ensemble de caractéristiques de référence (104) sont mémorisés dans un format de données exempt de pertes, en particulier le Tagged Image File Format.
  8. Procédé de vérification de l'authenticité d'un document recourant à un ensemble de données de référence créé au moyen du procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, où ledit document comprend un premier ensemble de caractéristiques et un deuxième ensemble de caractéristiques, où le premier ensemble de caractéristiques et le deuxième ensemble de caractéristiques sont détectables par des procédés de détection différents, où l'ensemble de données de référence comprend une pluralité d'ensembles de caractéristiques de référence, auxquels sont respectivement associés des procédés de détection différents, et où ledit procédé comprend les étapes suivantes :
    détection (401) du premier ensemble de caractéristiques au moyen d'un procédé de détection défini ;
    délivrance (503) de l'ensemble de données de référence ;
    sélection (405) d'un ensemble de caractéristiques de référence, associé au procédé de détection défini, dans la pluralité des ensembles de caractéristiques de référence, pour obtenir un ensemble de caractéristiques de référence sélectionné ; et
    comparaison (407) du premier ensemble de caractéristiques détecté avec l'ensemble de caractéristiques de référence sélectionné pour vérifier l'authenticité du document.
  9. Procédé selon la revendication 8, où l'ensemble de données de référence comprend une information secondaire indiquant une propriété du procédé de détection associé à l'ensemble de caractéristiques de référence sélectionné, et où l'ensemble de caractéristiques de référence sélectionné l'est sur la base de l'information secondaire.
  10. Procédé selon la revendication 8 ou la revendication 9, où l'ensemble de données de référence comprend en outre une indication de caractéristique se rapportant à une propriété de sécurité de l'ensemble de caractéristiques de référence sélectionné, et où ledit procédé comprend une vérification du premier ensemble de caractéristiques sur la base de la première indication de caractéristique.
  11. Procédé selon la revendication 8, la revendication 9 ou la revendication 10, où ledit procédé comprend le traitement (409) de l'ensemble de caractéristiques de référence sélectionné pour adapter ledit ensemble de caractéristiques de référence sélectionné au premier ensemble de caractéristiques relativement à une propriété du procédé de détection défini, en particulier relativement à une résolution optique, à une échelle de reproduction optique ou à un espace colorimétrique du procédé de détection.
  12. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 8 à 11, comprenant en outre l'extraction de l'ensemble de données de référence hors d'une base de données de référence.
  13. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 8 à 12, comprenant en outre une sélection dans une pluralité de règles de comparaison d'une règle de comparaison pour la comparaison du premier ensemble de caractéristiques avec l'ensemble de caractéristiques de référence sélectionné.
  14. Dispositif pour la création d'un ensemble de données de référence à partir d'un document, où ledit document comprend un premier ensemble de caractéristiques et un deuxième ensemble de caractéristiques, où le premier ensemble de caractéristiques est détectable par application d'un premier procédé de détection, où le deuxième ensemble de caractéristiques est détectable par application d'un deuxième procédé de détection, et où ledit dispositif présente les caractéristiques suivantes :
    au moins un dispositif de détection (301) pour la détection du premier ensemble de caractéristiques par application du premier procédé de détection, afin d'obtenir un premier ensemble de caractéristiques de référence, et pour la détection du deuxième ensemble de caractéristiques par application du deuxième procédé de détection, afin d'obtenir un deuxième ensemble de caractéristiques de référence ; caractérisé par
    un processeur (303) pour la mise en relation du premier ensemble de caractéristiques de référence avec une information secondaire renvoyant à une propriété du premier procédé de détection, pour obtenir un premier ensemble de données de caractéristiques de référence de l'ensemble de données de référence, et pour la mise en relation du deuxième ensemble de caractéristiques de référence avec une autre information secondaire renvoyant à une propriété du deuxième procédé de détection, pour obtenir un deuxième ensemble de données de caractéristiques de référence de l'ensemble de données de référence.
  15. Produit de programme informatique pour l'exécution du procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 8 ou du procédé selon l'une des revendications 9 à 13 lorsque le programme informatique est lancé sur un ordinateur.
EP12733444.9A 2011-06-21 2012-06-20 Procédé et dispositif de création d'un ensemble de données de référence d'un document à partir d'un document Active EP2724323B1 (fr)

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