EP2723688B1 - Procédé et système modulaire de traitement à bord d'eau de ballast - Google Patents

Procédé et système modulaire de traitement à bord d'eau de ballast Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2723688B1
EP2723688B1 EP12731348.4A EP12731348A EP2723688B1 EP 2723688 B1 EP2723688 B1 EP 2723688B1 EP 12731348 A EP12731348 A EP 12731348A EP 2723688 B1 EP2723688 B1 EP 2723688B1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
ballast water
time
period
sterilising
treating
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Not-in-force
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EP12731348.4A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP2723688A1 (fr
Inventor
Pasquale PUNZO
Giuseppe BALZANO
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ARTES INGEGNERIA SpA
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ARTES INGEGNERIA SpA
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B13/00—Conduits for emptying or ballasting; Self-bailing equipment; Scuppers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63J—AUXILIARIES ON VESSELS
    • B63J4/00—Arrangements of installations for treating ballast water, waste water, sewage, sludge, or refuse, or for preventing environmental pollution not otherwise provided for
    • B63J4/002—Arrangements of installations for treating ballast water, waste water, sewage, sludge, or refuse, or for preventing environmental pollution not otherwise provided for for treating ballast water
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/30—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by irradiation
    • C02F1/32—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by irradiation with ultraviolet light
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/30—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by irradiation
    • C02F1/32—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by irradiation with ultraviolet light
    • C02F1/325—Irradiation devices or lamp constructions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/001—Processes for the treatment of water whereby the filtration technique is of importance
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
    • C02F2103/008—Originating from marine vessels, ships and boats, e.g. bilge water or ballast water

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an onboard treatment of ballast waters for ship units, which may contain potentially noxious and invasive living organisms, and in particular is directed to a method and a system for sterilising ballast water by UV radiations, wherein, advantageously, the sterilisation can be carried out both with the ship unit stationary in a port and during the navigation.
  • ballast waters are normally used by ship units during the transport both of goods and passengers, in order to balance their own cargo and optimise the stability conditions and floating of the same ship; generally, the ballast water is loaded into suitable storing tanks, positioned in the lower portion of the hull, according to variable balancing requirements of the ship.
  • a standard ballasting procedure for a ship unit provides the loading of the ballast water when the ship is standing in a port, and successively unloading said ballast water, before or on arrival in a port or site different from the starting one, wherein the load conditions or the balancing requirements for the ship could be changed.
  • ballast waters both of chemical and mechanical type, or combination thereof.
  • Some systems provide the use of chemical additives or oxidation agents, capable of removing the living organisms in the ballast water, before said ballast water is unloaded by a ship; for example, US-A-5,192,451 discloses a method for preventing the growth of micro-organisms, by adding a polymer to the ballast water; however the use of chemical additives for sterilising ballast waters can have negative effects on the environment where said waters are unloaded.
  • US-A-5,376,282 , US-A-5,578,166 and US-A-3,676,983 disclose the use of vacuum and stirring in order to reduce the oxygen dissolved in the water up to a level sufficient for causing the different living micro-organisms to die; however, said systems result structurally bulky and operatively complex, hard to be adapted to several types of ships.
  • UV ultraviolet radiations
  • Systems of this type are characterised by remarkable external volumes, as well as require to stop the entire system, or portion of said system, for possible controlling and/or maintaining operations; furthermore, since the micro-organisms have the tendency, during the time, to grow in uncontrolled and different mode in the different ballast tanks, there is no possibility of specific treatments being controlled and carried out for each single tank.
  • KR-A-20100088228 suggests, in turn, to sterilise the ballast water directly in the storing tank, by UV lamps submerged in said storing tank, providing a stirring system and deflectors; however, said system suffers from an unhomogeneous sterilising action, due to the different sterilisation efficiency of the UV lamps, that are farther away from the stirring region.
  • DE-A-10 2010 046409 again discloses a system for treating ballast water on ships, in a storing tank, comprising an UV radiation source for treatment of water in open basins for swimming pools, which takes away from problems involved in ballast water treatment.
  • US-A-2009/032447 discloses the use of a water treatment device located within a ballast tank, for removing ozone from the treated water, to prevent the corrosion of the same tank and circulation pipe line.
  • the problem to be solved, by the present invention consists in providing a method and a system for UV treatment of ballast waters into a storage tank onboard a ship, suitable to perform an homogeneous sterilization of the ballast water directly into the storage tank, preventing the formation of untreated dead zone of water inside the same tank.
  • an object of the invention is to provide a method and a system for sterilising ballast water, onboard of ship units, directly in each single water storing tanks, by means of which method and system a strong recirculation of treated ballast water inside the same storing tank can be carried out, so as to maximise the sterilising process, under controlled periods of time, during the navigation.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide an onboard system for sterilising ballast water as previously defined, that exhibits reduced overall dimensions and enables different components of the system to be introduced into the tank and assembled by using the standard hatches normally present on the ballast water storage tanks, without the need for installing bulky pipes and external components.
  • a further object of the invention is to provide a modular system, that enables to adapt a sterilisation process as a function of the requirements and the capability of a single storage tank, so as to assure, in any case, a minimal treatment period of time required for completing the sterilisation.
  • a still further object is to provide a method and a system for UV sterilisation of ballast waters, as specified above, capable of starting the purification when necessary, and optimise the treatment periods of times as a function of the provided navigation time, in order to enable the proper sterilisation of the ballast water in each single storage tank, before unloading said ballast water at the arrival site or port;
  • the system for sterilising ballast water onboard of a ship according to the invention is adapted as well for being installed at a second time into the ballast tanks of already existing ships, independently of the constructional features of each single ship.
  • the invention is directed as well to a ship unit according to claim 9, provided with a sterilising system for the ballast waters, according to claim 5.
  • a method for treating and sterilizing ballast water onboard of a ship comprising the steps of:
  • a method for treating and sterilizing ballast water, as previously defined, onboard and during navigation of a ship in which the recirculation and UV sterilization apparatus is operatively connected to a programmable control unit, characterised by the steps of:
  • a system suitable for sterilising ballast water onboard a ship, to reduce and/or remove the contents of noxious living micro-organisms, by the method previously referred to, wherein the system comprises:
  • a generic ship is indicated by the reference number 10, for example a cargo for carrying goods, or a passenger ship, comprising a plurality of water storage tanks 11 designed for being partially and/or fully filled with an amount of ballast water 12, to be treated and sterilised according to known standard procedures conforming to national or IMO legislations.
  • the ballast water 12, sucked from an external environment by one or more pumping units 13, is loaded into the single storage tanks 11 by a filtering unit 14, configured for retaining sucked sediments and possible seaweed and sea organisms, by a main water distribution piping 15 and by branched pipes 16, each of said branched pipes 16 being provided with a control valve 17.
  • a water recirculation and UV sterilising apparatus or device is provided inside each storage tank 11, by which recirculation and UV sterilising device 18 the ballast water 12 is continuously recirculated along a closed path into said storage tank and caused to flow through a ultraviolet (UV) radiation source.
  • UV ultraviolet
  • each recirculation and UV sterilising device 18 comprises a submerged pump 20, arranged at the bottom side of the storage tank 11, an outlet side of the pump 20 being connected, by a feeding pipe 21, to an inlet 22 of a tubular watertight casing 23, while the outlet 24 is connected, in turn, by a recirculation pipe 25, to a diffuser 26 positioned at the bottom side of the storage tank 11; the diffuser 26 comprises a plurality of nozzles 27 conformed to generate strong jets of ballast water, upwardly oriented in different injecting directions; thus, a good mixing and homogenisation is achieved of the sterilised ballast water emerging from the casing 23 of the UV sterilisation device 23 with the bulk of ballast water or partially treated ballast water 12 contained within the tank 11.
  • a UV radiation source is housed inside the watertight casing 23, said UV radiation source consisting, for example, of a plurality of UV lamps 28, suitable for emitting ultraviolet radiations in a prefixed frequency range, in order to kill the noxious living organisms normally present in the ballast water from the external environment.
  • the watertight casing 23 comprises mechanical scraping means, not shown, required for cleaning the UV lamps, as well as comprises a radiation sensor, not shown, suitable for controlling the sterilisation efficiency.
  • All the components of the apparatus, in particular the submerged or canned pump 20, the casing 23 for the UV lamps 28 and the diffuser unit 26, are designed and dimensioned so as to pass through a standard hatch 31, of the manhole type, normally present in the standard ballast tanks of a ship.
  • the recirculation and UV sterilising apparatus can be directly assembled inside the storage tank 11, and held in a partially or fully submerged condition, according to the amount of ballast water that, each time, is loaded into the storage tank 11; thus, any obstructive disposition of the apparatus externally to the storage tank, is avoided.
  • the apparatus comprises a local electronic control unit QE, operatively connected to the submerged pump 20, the UV radiations generating lamps 28 and the level sensor 29; the local electronic control unit QE is configured and programmed for controlling the recirculation and sterilisation process of the ballast water in the respective storage tank 11, as a function of program data stored in a central programmable control unit 32, consisting for example of a PLC, operatively connected to the loading pump 13 for the ballast water and to the local control units QE of the storage tanks 11, by a line L for transmitting program data and/or control signals between the central control unit 32 and the local control units QE.
  • a central programmable control unit 32 consisting for example of a PLC, operatively connected to the loading pump 13 for the ballast water and to the local control units QE of the storage tanks 11, by a line L for transmitting program data and/or control signals between the central control unit 32 and the local control units QE.
  • the modularity of the system so achieved enables the installation of treating apparatuses into each single water storage tank 11; in the case of tanks of large dimensions, and depending on specific requirements, more ballast water treatment apparatuses can be provided into each storage tank, or parts of them of a ship.
  • the sterilisation capacity of the entire system can be adjusted according to the number and dimension of the storage tanks, in order to assure a minimal treating period of time and the required level of sterilisation.
  • the sterilising system is provided with an intelligent control system to manage the sterilisation process, such as to start and/or stop the sterilisation of the ballast water inside each tank 11, when required, as a function of control signals generated by the level sensor 29; in addition, the intelligent control system is capable as well of independently optimising the treating period of time for each single storage tank 11, as a function of an expected navigation period of time, in order to assure a proper sterilisation of the ballast water, restarting, if necessary, the sterilisation process one or more times during the navigation, before the ballast water must be discharged at the arrival port or site.
  • an intelligent control system to manage the sterilisation process, such as to start and/or stop the sterilisation of the ballast water inside each tank 11, when required, as a function of control signals generated by the level sensor 29; in addition, the intelligent control system is capable as well of independently optimising the treating period of time for each single storage tank 11, as a function of an expected navigation period of time, in order to assure a proper ster
  • a suitable radiation sensor enables the efficiency of the UV radiation source to be controlled, to actuate for example a suitable cleaning device for the UV lamps 28, or extending the period of time of the sterilising treatment, with respect to a programmed period of time.
  • the system establishes which tanks 11 must be filled, that is the number and position of the storage tanks and the quantity of ballast water to be charged in each storage tank, step S1; simultaneously, step S2, the navigation time T1 for the ship is programmed, within which time T1 the ballast water must be treated and sterilised before to be unloaded at an arrival port or site.
  • step S3 the valves 17 of all or part of the programmed storage tanks 11 to be charged with ballast water are opened, step S3, the feeding pump 13 is started, step S4, performing the filtration of the ballast water, and the loading into the single storage tanks 11, step S5.
  • step S6 the general control unit 32, on the base of the control signals generated by the level sensors 29, and program data received from the local control unit QE, verifies if the single tanks 11 are filled at the programmed level; if the answer is "NO”, the feeding pump 13 is held in operation; if the answer is "YES”, the system continues to step S7 stopping the feeding pump 13 and ordering the valves 17, that previously were opened, to be closed.
  • step S8 the recirculation pump 20 and the UV radiation source 28 are started under the control of the local unit QE.
  • ballast water 12 is then sucked by the recirculation pump 20 directly from the bottom of the tank 11, then is forced to recirculate along a pathway internal to the storage tank 11, through the casing 23 of the UV radiation consisting of the lamps 28, and upwardly injected into the ballast water 12 contained in said tank 11, by means of the diffuser 26, homogeneously mixing the UV treated ballast water 12 with the ballast water still untreated or partially treated and mixed during the treatment period of time.
  • the system examines if the performances of the UV radiation source 28 and the absorption degree of the radiations are effective, according to control signals generated by a radiation detecting probe internal to the casing 23, step S11. If the answer is "NO”, an alarm is started and the intervention of an operator is ordered, step S12.
  • step S13 the system continues to step S13 in order to detect if the treating period of time T2, set in step S8, is elapsed or not; if the answer is "NO”, the system returns to step S11; otherwise, if the answer is "YES”, the system continues to step S14, stopping the recirculation pump 20, disconnecting the UV radiation source 28, placing itself in "stand-by” condition.
  • step S15 the local control unit QE stops the sterilisation process for the respective storing tank; otherwise, if the sailing time T1 is not yet elapsed, "NO", the system continues to the following step S16, examining if the period of time T3 for concluding the navigation is longer than a first prefixed and programmed reference time TX, for example of height hours.
  • step S9 the system returns to step S9, starting again the recirculation pump 20 and starting again the UV radiation source 18, steps S9 and S10, for a period of time equal to or shorter than the treating period of time T2.
  • the system If the answer is "NO”, i.e. if the residual period of time T4 is longer than TY, the system returns again to step S9. Otherwise, if the answer is "YES”, i.e. if the residual period of time T4 is shorter than TY, whereby risks for regeneration of the micro-organisms do not more exist, the system definitively stops the apparatus and the process of sterilisation, whereby the ballast water, suitably sterilised, can be unloaded in the arrival port or site.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Physical Water Treatments (AREA)
  • Apparatus For Disinfection Or Sterilisation (AREA)

Claims (9)

  1. Procédé de traitement et de stérilisation d'eau de ballast (12) à bord d'un navire (10), adapté pour réduire et/ou éliminer les teneurs en micro-organismes vivants, dans lequel l'eau de ballast (12) est filtrée (14) puis soumise à un traitement de stérilisation par rayonnements UV (28) au sein d'au moins un réservoir de stockage (11), caractérisé par les étapes de :
    fourniture d'au moins un appareil (18) destiné à recycler et stériliser l'eau de ballast (12), à l'intérieur du réservoir de stockage (11), ledit appareil (18) comprenant un dispositif source de rayonnement UV (28) comprenant une enveloppe étanche à l'eau (23) ;
    recyclage de l'eau de ballast (12) à partir du réservoir de stockage, via la source de rayonnement UV interne (28), et injection et mélange de l'eau de ballast stérilisée par un diffuseur (26) avec l'eau de ballast à l'intérieur du réservoir de stockage (11) ; et
    poursuite du recyclage et de la stérilisation par UV de l'eau de ballast (12) pendant une période adaptée pour réduire ou éliminer sensiblement les teneurs en micro-organismes vivants dans l'eau de ballast (12), à l'intérieur du réservoir de stockage (11).
  2. Procédé de traitement d'eau de ballast (12) selon la revendication 1, sur un navire (10) pendant la navigation, dans lequel chacun des appareils de stérilisation (18) est opérationnellement raccordé à une unité de commande (QE), caractérisé par les étapes de :
    programmation de ladite unité de commande (QE), avec un temps de navigation (T1) et une période préfixée (T2) pour traiter l'eau de ballast, respectivement ;
    démarrage du recyclage et de la stérilisation par UV de l'eau de ballast pendant la période de traitement programmée (T2) ;
    détection permettant de savoir si la période de traitement (T2) est écoulée et poursuite de la circulation et de la stérilisation de l'eau de ballast, lorsque ladite période de traitement (T2) n'est pas écoulée, respectivement arrêt de la circulation de l'eau de ballast et interruption de la stérilisation de l'eau de ballast lorsque la période de traitement (T2) est écoulée, maintien de l'appareil de stérilisation (18) dans une condition de veille ; et
    détection de la période requise (T3) pour mettre fin à la navigation et redémarrer le recyclage et la stérilisation de l'eau de ballast (12), lorsque la période (T3) requise pour mettre fin à la navigation est plus longue qu'une première période de référence (TX) programmée dans l'unité de commande (QE).
  3. Procédé de traitement d'eau de ballast (12) selon la revendication 2, caractérisé par le redémarrage de la circulation et de la stérilisation de l'eau de ballast pour une période inférieure ou égale à la période de traitement programmée (T2).
  4. Procédé de traitement d'eau de ballast (12) selon la revendication 2, lorsque la période requise (T3) pour mettre fin à la navigation est plus courte que la première période de référence (TX), caractérisé par le redémarrage de la circulation et de la stérilisation de l'eau de ballast si la période de navigation résiduelle détectée (T4) est plus longue qu'une seconde période de référence (TY) représentant une condition de non-prolifération pour les micro-organismes vivants dans l'eau de ballast, ou l'arrêt de la circulation et de la stérilisation de l'eau de ballast si une période de navigation résiduelle (T4) est plus courte que ladite seconde période de référence (TY).
  5. Système adapté pour stériliser l'eau de ballast (12) à bord d'une unité de navire (10), pour réduire et/ou éliminer les teneurs en micro-organismes vivants, au moyen du procédé selon la revendication 1, le système comprenant :
    une pluralité de réservoirs (11) pour stocker l'eau de ballast (12), lesdits réservoirs de stockage (11) pouvant être raccordés à une pompe d'alimentation (13) et à un dispositif de filtration (14) ; et
    dans lequel chaque réservoir de stockage (11) est doté d'une source de rayonnement UV (28), caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend :
    au moins un appareil de stérilisation par UV (18) à l'intérieur de chaque réservoir de stockage (11) pour l'eau de ballast ;
    chacun des appareils de stérilisation (18) comprenant une source de rayonnement UV (28) enfermée au sein d'une enveloppe étanche à l'eau (23), un côté admission (22) de l'enveloppe étanche à l'eau (23) étant raccordé à une pompe scellée (20) pour la circulation de l'eau de ballast, un côté de refoulement (24) de l'enveloppe étanche à l'eau (23) étant raccordé à un distributeur (26) conformé pour injecter l'eau stérilisée dans le réservoir de stockage (11).
  6. Système de stérilisation d'eau de ballast selon la revendication 5, caractérisé par le positionnement du distributeur d'eau (26) sur le côté inférieur du réservoir de stockage (11), et la conformation dudit distributeur d'eau (26) pour qu'il injecte vers le haut l'eau stérilisée par UV, dans l'eau de ballast à l'intérieur du réservoir de stockage.
  7. Système de stérilisation d'eau de ballast selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend une unité de commande programmable (QE), pour chaque appareil de stérilisation (18), ladite unité de commande programmable (QE) étant opérationnellement raccordée à la pompe scellée (20) pour la circulation de l'eau de ballast, et à la source de rayonnement UV (28).
  8. Système de stérilisation d'eau de ballast selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend un capteur (29) destiné à surveiller le niveau d'eau de ballast dans le réservoir de stockage (11), ledit capteur (29) étant opérationnellement raccordé à ladite unité de commande (QE).
  9. Unité de navire comprenant un système adapté pour stériliser de l'eau de ballast, selon la revendication 5.
EP12731348.4A 2011-06-21 2012-06-18 Procédé et système modulaire de traitement à bord d'eau de ballast Not-in-force EP2723688B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT001127A ITMI20111127A1 (it) 2011-06-21 2011-06-21 Metodo e sistema modulare per la sterilizzazione di acque di zavorra
PCT/EP2012/061590 WO2012175452A1 (fr) 2011-06-21 2012-06-18 Procédé et système modulaire de traitement à bord d'eau de ballast

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2723688A1 EP2723688A1 (fr) 2014-04-30
EP2723688B1 true EP2723688B1 (fr) 2015-04-01

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US (1) US8986550B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP2723688B1 (fr)
KR (1) KR20140033164A (fr)
IT (1) ITMI20111127A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2012175452A1 (fr)

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Publication number Publication date
WO2012175452A1 (fr) 2012-12-27
US8986550B2 (en) 2015-03-24
KR20140033164A (ko) 2014-03-17
ITMI20111127A1 (it) 2012-12-22
EP2723688A1 (fr) 2014-04-30
US20140116962A1 (en) 2014-05-01

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