EP2721696B1 - Wire for sliding contacts and sliding contacts - Google Patents
Wire for sliding contacts and sliding contacts Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2721696B1 EP2721696B1 EP12732967.0A EP12732967A EP2721696B1 EP 2721696 B1 EP2721696 B1 EP 2721696B1 EP 12732967 A EP12732967 A EP 12732967A EP 2721696 B1 EP2721696 B1 EP 2721696B1
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- Prior art keywords
- wire
- contact
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- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 35
- 229910001316 Ag alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- YCKOAAUKSGOOJH-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper silver Chemical compound [Cu].[Ag].[Ag] YCKOAAUKSGOOJH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910001020 Au alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000003353 gold alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 description 15
- 229910017770 Cu—Ag Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000010970 precious metal Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910000952 Be alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 5
- ATBAMAFKBVZNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N beryllium atom Chemical compound [Be] ATBAMAFKBVZNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052790 beryllium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000009713 electroplating Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NEIHULKJZQTQKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Cu].[Ag] Chemical group [Cu].[Ag] NEIHULKJZQTQKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009931 harmful effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910001092 metal group alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000599 Cr alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000788 chromium alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007748 combinatorial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000923 precious metal alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012858 resilient material Substances 0.000 description 1
- VSZWPYCFIRKVQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N selanylidenegallium;selenium Chemical compound [Se].[Se]=[Ga].[Se]=[Ga] VSZWPYCFIRKVQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B1/00—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors
- H01B1/02—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors mainly consisting of metals or alloys
- H01B1/026—Alloys based on copper
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
- H01R13/00—Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
- H01R13/02—Contact members
- H01R13/33—Contact members made of resilient wire
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
- H01R39/00—Rotary current collectors, distributors or interrupters
- H01R39/02—Details for dynamo electric machines
- H01R39/18—Contacts for co-operation with commutator or slip-ring, e.g. contact brush
- H01R39/20—Contacts for co-operation with commutator or slip-ring, e.g. contact brush characterised by the material thereof
Definitions
- the invention relates to a wire for making a sliding contact.
- the invention also relates to a sliding contact with such a wire.
- the invention relates to a potentiometric sensor, potentiometer, slider, position sensor, rotary switch, electric motor, generator, wind turbine, slip ring system, actuator or current collector with such a sliding contact.
- Wires for sliding contacts and sliding contacts themselves have a wide range of applications when electricity is to be transmitted to moving parts.
- Sheathed wires with an inner core are also made from a first metal. or a first metallic alloy. and a jacket or a coating made of a second metal or a second metallic alloy is used.
- Such sheathed wires are used, for example, as sliding contacts in slip-ring transmission systems. These are used to transmit signal and power currents in rotating systems, such as wind turbines or robot arms.
- Sliding contacts are for example from the DE 40 20 700 A1 known.
- the DE 199 13 246 A1 discloses a grinder for the transmission of electrical signals, which is designed as a multi-wire grinder. The large number of contacts is intended to ensure continuous electrical contact.
- a brush contact with a slip ring is known as a sliding contact, which consists of a large number of individual wires. The tendency in slip ring systems is towards the transmission of higher currents. At the same time, a reduction in expensive precious metals is increasingly being sought.
- a sliding contact with a base body made of a wire in which a sliding contact body is arranged at one end of the wire.
- an inexpensive, resilient material such as stainless steel
- the part transmitting the energy as a sliding contact body, can consist of another material optimized for energy transmission.
- the advantage here is that expensive precious metal can be saved, since the entire spring contact does not have to be made from a precious metal or a precious metal alloy.
- the disadvantage here is the greater effort required to produce such a sliding contact compared to using a simple wire.
- the JP 2000 243139 A describes a rigid wire-like conductor made of a composite material.
- An inner core of the conductor consists of a copper alloy, with 0.01 to 0.03% by weight of one or two elements from the group Sn, In, Cr, Zr, Fe and P being alloyed to form pure copper.
- a copper alloy is used for the inner core, which is produced by alloying 1 to 20 wt.% Ag or Nb or an alloy thereof to form pure copper.
- An outer layer of the conductor consists of copper with a zirconium content of 0.01 to 0.3% by weight. The conductor produced in this way should have good flexural strength and tensile strength combined with high conductivity.
- a material that is preferably used for the construction of wires for sliding contacts is copper-beryllium alloys, in particular CuBe 2 , which are popular because of their good elastic properties. It is also known to use sheathed wires which have a core made of a copper-beryllium alloy and a sheath made of a noble metal or a noble metal alloy. These sheathed wires have good spring properties due to the hardened CuBe 2 core. The contact resistance and the corrosion resistance of these sheathed wires are also very good due to a sheath that is typically high in gold.
- the disadvantage here is that the copper-beryllium alloy has poor electrical conductivity compared to pure copper. As a result, the current-carrying capacity of such a wire or of a coated wire with a core made of a copper-beryllium alloy is comparatively low. To transmit higher currents, either the diameter of the wires or the number of wires must be increased. Both measures are associated with significant additional costs due to the higher use of precious metals in the jacket or the coating. Beryllium and beryllium alloys such as CuBe 2 are also increasingly being avoided because of their environmental pollution.
- the object of the invention is therefore to overcome the disadvantages of the prior art.
- a wire and a sliding contact with such a wire should be provided which has a higher conductivity but at the same time still has sufficiently good elastic properties that are necessary for a sliding contact.
- a wire that does not contain environmentally harmful beryllium would be particularly preferred.
- At least one inner core of the wire consists of a copper-silver alloy, the wire comprising a coating made of a noble metal alloy.
- the copper-silver alloy Due to its electrical and mechanical properties, the copper-silver alloy enables a thin, highly conductive spring contact to be built up.
- the coating ensures that the surface of the wire does not oxidize and thus a low contact resistance of such a wire to a mating contact is guaranteed in the long term.
- the inner core extends along the entire length of the wire.
- the wire is an elastic wire with a round or an angular cross section.
- Wires are easy to obtain. If the wire has a round cross section, it has a symmetrical elasticity, so that a mating contact of a sliding contact that is established with such a wire can also be uneven.
- the copper-silver alloy has up to 30% by weight of silver, preferably 1 to 25% by weight of silver, particularly preferably 5 to 15% by weight of silver, very particularly preferred 10 wt% silver.
- the mechanical and electrical properties are particularly well suited for building up wires according to the invention.
- the wires are then particularly well suited for sliding contacts according to the invention.
- the proportion of silver is given here in percent by weight (% by weight).
- the copper-silver alloy contains small admixtures of other elements with a proportion below 4% by weight, in particular Zr and / or Cr, preferably with a proportion of below 1% by weight, particularly preferably with a proportion of less than 0.1% by weight.
- a small addition of chromium (Cr) but also of zirconium (Zr) can, for example, simplify the application of a gold alloy as a coating, or ensure that a gold alloy adheres better to the surface of the wire.
- the wire is elongated and has a cross section between 0.1 mm and 4 mm.
- the wire has a thickness of 0.1 mm to 3 mm, preferably a thickness of 0.15 mm to 2 mm.
- the wire is a wound endless wire or has a length of 10 mm to 300 mm, preferably a length of 20 mm to 180 mm, particularly preferably a length of 30 mm to 100 mm mm has.
- Wires with a length between 10 mm and 300 mm are particularly easy to install in sliding contacts according to the invention. By providing wires of suitable length, manual cutting of an endless wire is avoided. Therefore, cut wires for sliding contacts are particularly preferred.
- the noble metal alloy of the coating comprises a gold alloy, preferably the gold alloy comprises silver, copper and / or palladium, very particularly preferably the coating of an alloy with 70 wt. % Gold, 20% by weight silver and 10% by weight copper and / or palladium.
- the Cu-Ag core is particularly good and easy to coat with the specified gold alloys.
- the durability of such a coating on the Cu-Ag alloy is particularly good, especially in the case of silver-containing gold alloys.
- the coated wire comprises a chromium-containing intermediate layer between the core and the coating.
- the coating is a galvanic coating, preferably with a layer thickness of 0.1 ⁇ m to 20 ⁇ m, particularly preferably with a layer thickness of 0.5 ⁇ m to 2 ⁇ m.
- the coating is a mechanically applied jacket coating so that the wire is a jacket wire, preferably with a layer thickness of 5 ⁇ m to 50 ⁇ m, particularly preferably with a layer thickness of 10 ⁇ m to 25 ⁇ m.
- Coated wires can also be characterized in that the coating is a cylinder jacket that extends around the cylindrical core of the wire.
- the coating of the wire is applied to the base body by roll cladding, sputtering or electroplating.
- the object of the invention is also achieved by a sliding contact with at least one such wire, with a mating contact being provided, on whose conductive surface at least one of the wires rests, the spring force of the wire on the conductive surface of the mating contact creating an electrical contact between the wire and causes the mating contact and the mating contact is movable against the wire, so that the surface of the wire slides over the mating contact when the mating contact moves.
- the mating contact is rotatably mounted and the conductive surface of the mating contact is at least partially rotationally symmetrical.
- the sliding contact is a multi-wire wiper with a large number of wires that are electrically contacted with one another.
- Multi-wire grinders are particularly suitable because they can cope with the failure of individual contacts and adapt well to the profile of a mating contact.
- the sliding contact is designed in such a way that at least one of the wires rests with its coating on the mating contact.
- the object of the invention is also achieved by a potentiometric sensor, potentiometer, slider, position sensor, rotary switch, electric motor, generator, wind turbine, slip ring system, actuator or current collector with such a sliding contact.
- the object of the invention is finally also achieved by a potentiometric sensor, a potentiometer, a slide control, a position sensor, a rotary switch, an electric motor, a generator, a wind turbine, a slip ring system, an actuator or a current collector with such a wire as a sliding contact.
- wires and sliding contacts according to the invention can be used particularly effectively in such components.
- the invention is based on the surprising finding that the material used, namely the copper-silver alloy, is a highly conductive material that allows the transmission of higher currents with a constant cross-section, or the transmission of constant currents with a smaller cross-section, and the alloy at the same time has suitable mechanical properties, such as elasticity, to form a spring contact.
- the wire is designed as a sheathed wire or as a coated wire that includes a core made of such a copper-silver alloy
- the constant cross-section with higher currents or the smaller cross-section with constant currents results in the surprising combinatorial advantage that the jacket or the coating, which is usually made up of expensive precious metals, has a smaller cross-section and therefore less of the expensive jacket material or the coating has to be consumed to produce such a jacket wire or coated wire.
- Wires according to the invention based on Cu-Ag can be used in sliding contacts according to the invention such as slip ring transmission systems.
- slip ring transmitters are mainly used for the transmission of electrical signals and electrical power in wind energy systems.
- slip ring assemblies are used wherever electrical currents are to be transmitted between rotating and static parts, such as in robot arms.
- Figure 1 shows a schematic side view of a sliding contact 1, which is constructed with a wire 2 according to the invention.
- the wire 2 comprises a core made of a copper-silver alloy and is coated on its outer jacket surface with a gold alloy.
- the copper-silver alloy conducts the current and ensures sufficient elasticity of the wire 2.
- the wire 2 is fixed on a device 4 with a fixation 3.
- the device 4 can be any type of installation, for example the mast of a wind power plant or a part which is permanently connected to the mast of a wind power plant.
- a suspension 5 is arranged on the device 4 and is firmly connected to the device 4.
- a roller 6 is rotatably mounted about an axis 7 as a counter contact to the wire 2.
- the roller 6 has a conductive surface and is cylindrical in shape.
- the axis 7 is at the same time the axis of symmetry of the cylindrical roller 6.
- the roller 6 is connected to the device 4 via the suspension 5 in a non-electrically conductive manner.
- the wire 2 is fixed relative to the roller 6 in such a way that it is pressed onto the roller 6. As a result, the wire 2 is elastically deformed.
- the roller 6 rotates in the suspension 5, the surface of the wire 2 slides over the conductive cylinder jacket of the roller 6.
- the continuous contact that the wire 2 creates with the rotating roller 6 allows electricity be transferred from the wire 2 to the roller 6 or vice versa.
- the contact with the surface of the roller 6 is maintained by the spring force of the wire 2.
- An electrical line 8 is connected to the wire 2, with which current can be conducted to further components (not shown) or from other components to the wire 2.
- the wire 2 which has a core made of a copper-silver alloy, can have a smaller diameter than conventional wires for conventional sliding contacts in order to transmit the same current. Such a wire 2 is therefore less expensive to manufacture and uses fewer resources. The wire 2 can be produced easily and does not cause any problems with disposal or recycling. Finally, the wire 2 also manages completely without beryllium, which meets newer environmental requirements.
- a wire can be used as the wire 2, as shown in FIG Figure 2 and is described below.
- FIG. 11 shows a schematic perspective view of a wire 12 according to the invention for sliding contacts, as shown for example in FIG Figures 1 and 3 are shown.
- the wire 12 shown is a sheathed wire 12 with a core 19 made of a copper-silver alloy.
- the sheathed wire 12 is round in cross section.
- the round surface of the core 19 is surrounded by a jacket 20 which forms a cylindrical coating of the core 19.
- the jacket 20 consists of a gold alloy which consists of more than 50% by weight of gold.
- the jacket 20 is mechanically applied to the core 19.
- the wire 12 can also be coated with a thin layer of such a gold alloy.
- the coating 20 can be applied to the copper-silver core 19 of the wire 12 by roll cladding, by sputtering or by electroplating.
- an intermediate layer (not shown) can be provided between the core 19 and the coating 20.
- the intermediate layer can be, for example, a chromium alloy which is applied to the core 19 by electroplating or by means of gas phase deposition.
- FIG 3 shows a schematic view of an alternative sliding contact 21 according to the invention.
- the sliding contact 21 is constructed with a multiplicity of wires 22 according to the invention and thus forms a multi-wire wiper or a brush contact.
- the wires 22 are held by a fixation 23.
- the fixation 23 positions the wires 22 such that they are held at a distance from a metallic rail 26 which is smaller than the part of the length of the wires 22 which protrude from the fixation 23.
- the wires 22 are pressed onto the metallic rail 26 and are elastically deformed in the process. As a result of the spring force of the wires 22, they are always pressed onto the rail 26, which forms the mating contact with the wires 22.
- the wires 22 of the sliding contact 21 are electrically contacted via a line 28. A current can be transmitted from the rail 26 via the wires 22. When the wires 22 move over the rail 26, current can thus always be transmitted from the rail 26 to the wires 22.
- the wires 22 comprise a copper-silver alloy and can therefore be made smaller than wires for conventional sliding contacts. As a result, on the one hand, less material is used and, on the other hand, smaller structures can be realized. This is advantageous with increasing miniaturization of many components.
- the sliding contact 21 shown can be used, for example, in a model railway, as in FIG Figure 3 shown to be realized.
- wires 22 in particular wires as shown in FIG Figure 2 and are explained in the description for this purpose.
- copper-silver alloys with up to 25% by weight silver and the remainder of copper are particularly well suited to construct a wire 2, 12, 22 according to the invention for a sliding contact 1, 21 according to the invention.
- the alloy may contain small amounts (less than 4% by weight) of other metals. Suitable small admixtures can be, for example, chromium or zirconium.
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Description
Die Erfindung betrifft einen Draht zum Herstellen eines Schleifkontakts. Die Erfindung betrifft auch einen Schleifkontakt mit einem solchen Draht.The invention relates to a wire for making a sliding contact. The invention also relates to a sliding contact with such a wire.
Schließlich betrifft die Erfindung einen potentiometrischen Sensor, Potentiometer, Schieberegler, Positionssensor, Drehschalter, Elektromotor, Generator, Windturbine, Schleifringsystem, Stellantrieb oder Stromabnehmer mit einem solchen Schleifkontakt.Finally, the invention relates to a potentiometric sensor, potentiometer, slider, position sensor, rotary switch, electric motor, generator, wind turbine, slip ring system, actuator or current collector with such a sliding contact.
Drähte für Schleifkontakte und Schleifkontakte selbst finden vielfältige Anwendungen, wenn Strom auf bewegliche Teile übertragen werden soll. Dabei werden auch Manteldrähte mit einem inneren Kern aus einem ersten Metall. beziehungsweise einer ersten metallischen Legierung. und einem Mantel oder einer Beschichtung aus einem zweiten Metall oder einer zweiten metallischen Legierung eingesetzt. Solche Manteldrähte werden beispielsweise als Schleifkontakte in Schleifringübertragersystemen eingesetzt. Diese dienen der Übertragung von Signal- und Leistungsströmen in rotierenden Systemen, wie zum Beispiel Windkraftanlagen oder Roboterarmen.Wires for sliding contacts and sliding contacts themselves have a wide range of applications when electricity is to be transmitted to moving parts. Sheathed wires with an inner core are also made from a first metal. or a first metallic alloy. and a jacket or a coating made of a second metal or a second metallic alloy is used. Such sheathed wires are used, for example, as sliding contacts in slip-ring transmission systems. These are used to transmit signal and power currents in rotating systems, such as wind turbines or robot arms.
Schleifkontakte sind beispielsweise aus der
Aus der
Die
Ein bevorzugt verwendetes Material zum Aufbau von Drähten für Schleifkontakte sind Kupfer-Beryllium-Legierungen, insbesondere CuBe2, die wegen ihrer guten elastischen Eigenschaften gerne eingesetzt werden. Es ist bekannt dafür auch Manteldrähte zu verwenden, die einen Kern aus einer Kupfer-Beryllium-Legierung und einem Mantel aus einem Edelmetall oder einer Edelmetalllegierung aufweisen. Diese Manteldrähte besitzen aufgrund des ausgehärteten CuBe2-Kerns gute Federeigenschaften. Auch der Kontaktwiderstand und die Korrosionsbeständigkeit dieser Manteldrähte sind aufgrund eines typischerweise hochgoldhaltigen Mantels sehr gut.A material that is preferably used for the construction of wires for sliding contacts is copper-beryllium alloys, in particular CuBe 2 , which are popular because of their good elastic properties. It is also known to use sheathed wires which have a core made of a copper-beryllium alloy and a sheath made of a noble metal or a noble metal alloy. These sheathed wires have good spring properties due to the hardened CuBe 2 core. The contact resistance and the corrosion resistance of these sheathed wires are also very good due to a sheath that is typically high in gold.
Nachteilig ist hieran, dass die Kupfer-Beryllium-Legierung eine im Vergleich zu reinem Kupfer schlechte elektrische Leitfähigkeit besitzt. Dadurch ist auch die Stromtragfähigkeit eines solchen Drahts oder eines beschichteten Drahts mit einem Kern aus einer Kupfer-Beryllium-Legierung vergleichsweise gering. Um höhere Ströme zu übertragen, müssen entweder die Durchmesser der Drähte oder die Anzahl der Drähte erhöht werden. Beide Maßnahmen sind mit wesentlichen Mehrkosten aufgrund des höheren Edelmetalleinsatzes im Mantel oder der Beschichtung verbunden. Beryllium und Beryllium-Legierungen wie CuBe2 werden zudem aufgrund ihrer Umweltschädlichkeit zunehmend vermieden.The disadvantage here is that the copper-beryllium alloy has poor electrical conductivity compared to pure copper. As a result, the current-carrying capacity of such a wire or of a coated wire with a core made of a copper-beryllium alloy is comparatively low. To transmit higher currents, either the diameter of the wires or the number of wires must be increased. Both measures are associated with significant additional costs due to the higher use of precious metals in the jacket or the coating. Beryllium and beryllium alloys such as CuBe 2 are also increasingly being avoided because of their environmental pollution.
Die Aufgabe der Erfindung besteht also darin, die Nachteile des Stands der Technik zu überwinden. Insbesondere soll ein Draht und ein Schleifkontakt mit einem solchen Draht bereitgestellt werden, der eine höhere Leitfähigkeit hat, gleichzeitig aber noch über ausreichend gute elastische Eigenschaften verfügt, die für einen Schleifkontakt notwendig sind. Besonders bevorzugt wäre dabei ein Draht, der ohne umweltschädliches Beryllium auskommt. Ferner wäre es von Vorteil, wenn die Herstellungskosten eines solchen Drahts und damit eines mit einem solchen Draht aufgebauten Schleifkontakts reduziert werden könnten.The object of the invention is therefore to overcome the disadvantages of the prior art. In particular, a wire and a sliding contact with such a wire should be provided which has a higher conductivity but at the same time still has sufficiently good elastic properties that are necessary for a sliding contact. A wire that does not contain environmentally harmful beryllium would be particularly preferred. Furthermore would be it is advantageous if the production costs of such a wire and thus of a sliding contact established with such a wire could be reduced.
Die Aufgabe der Erfindung wird dadurch gelöst, dass zumindest ein innerer Kern des Drahts aus einer Kupfer-Silber-Legierung besteht, wobei der Draht eine Beschichtung aus einer Edelmetall-Legierung umfasst.The object of the invention is achieved in that at least one inner core of the wire consists of a copper-silver alloy, the wire comprising a coating made of a noble metal alloy.
Die Kupfer-Silber-Legierung ermöglicht es aufgrund ihrer elektrischen und mechanischen Eigenschaften einen dünnen, gut leitenden Federkontakt aufzubauen.Due to its electrical and mechanical properties, the copper-silver alloy enables a thin, highly conductive spring contact to be built up.
Die Beschichtung bewirkt, dass die Oberfläche des Drahts nicht oxidiert und so ein niedriger Kontaktwiderstand eines solchen Drahtes zu einem Gegenkontakt langfristig gewährleistet ist. Mit dem Kern des Drahts aus einer Kupfer-Silber-Legierung ergibt sich dabei der überraschende kombinatorische Effekt, dass durch den geringeren Drahtquerschnitt aufgrund der besseren elektrischen Leitfähigkeit des Kupfer-Silber-Kerns gelingt, eine kleinere Menge an Edelmetall zur Beschichtung des Drahts zu verwenden. Dies spart Kosten beim Aufbau des Drahts.The coating ensures that the surface of the wire does not oxidize and thus a low contact resistance of such a wire to a mating contact is guaranteed in the long term. With the core of the wire made of a copper-silver alloy, there is the surprising combinatorial effect that a smaller amount of precious metal can be used to coat the wire due to the better electrical conductivity of the copper-silver core. This saves costs when building the wire.
Dabei kann vorgesehen sein, dass sich der innere Kern entlang der gesamten Länge des Drahts erstreckt.It can be provided that the inner core extends along the entire length of the wire.
Es kann erfindungsgemäß auch vorgesehen sein, dass der Draht ein elastischer Draht mit einem runden oder einem eckigen Querschnitt ist.According to the invention it can also be provided that the wire is an elastic wire with a round or an angular cross section.
Drähte sind leicht zu erhalten. Bei einem runden Querschnitt des Drahts hat dieser eine symmetrische Elastizität, so dass ein Gegenkontakt eines Schleifkontakts, der mit einem solchen Draht aufgebaut wird, auch uneben sein kann.Wires are easy to obtain. If the wire has a round cross section, it has a symmetrical elasticity, so that a mating contact of a sliding contact that is established with such a wire can also be uneven.
Besonders vorteilhafte erfindungsgemäße Drähte zeichnen sich dadurch aus, dass die Kupfer-Silber-Legierung bis zu 30 Gew.-% Silber hat, vorzugsweise 1 bis 25 Gew.-% Silber, besonders bevorzugt 5 bis 15 Gew.-% Silber, ganz besonders bevorzugt 10 Gew.-% Silber.Particularly advantageous wires according to the invention are characterized in that the copper-silver alloy has up to 30% by weight of silver, preferably 1 to 25% by weight of silver, particularly preferably 5 to 15% by weight of silver, very particularly preferred 10 wt% silver.
Bei diesen Mischungen sind die mechanischen und elektrischen Eigenschaften besonders gut geeignet, um erfindungsgemäße Drähte aufzubauen. Dies betrifft insbesondere die elektrische Leitfähigkeit der Kupfer-Silber-Legierung (Cu-Ag-Legierung) und die elastischen Eigenschaften, das heißt vor allem den Elastizitäts-Modul der Cu-Ag-Legierung. Die Drähte sind dann für erfindungsgemäße Schleifkontakte besonders gut geeignet. Der Anteil des Silbers wird hier in Gewichtsprozent (Gew.-%) angegeben.In these mixtures, the mechanical and electrical properties are particularly well suited for building up wires according to the invention. This applies in particular to the electrical conductivity of the copper-silver alloy (Cu-Ag alloy) and the elastic properties, that is, above all, the modulus of elasticity of the Cu-Ag alloy. The wires are then particularly well suited for sliding contacts according to the invention. The proportion of silver is given here in percent by weight (% by weight).
Es kann auch vorgesehen sein, dass die Kupfer-Silber-Legierung geringe Beimengungen anderer Elemente mit einem Anteil unter 4 Gew.-%, insbesondere Zr und/oder Cr enthält, vorzugsweise mit einem Anteil von unter 1 Gew.-%, besonders bevorzugt mit einem Anteil von unter 0,1 Gew.-%.It can also be provided that the copper-silver alloy contains small admixtures of other elements with a proportion below 4% by weight, in particular Zr and / or Cr, preferably with a proportion of below 1% by weight, particularly preferably with a proportion of less than 0.1% by weight.
Eine geringe Beimengung von Chrom (Cr) aber auch von Zirkonium (Zr) kann beispielsweise das Aufbringen einer Gold-Legierung als Beschichtung vereinfachen, beziehungsweise dafür sorgen, dass eine Goldlegierung besser auf der Oberfläche des Drahts hält.A small addition of chromium (Cr) but also of zirconium (Zr) can, for example, simplify the application of a gold alloy as a coating, or ensure that a gold alloy adheres better to the surface of the wire.
Gemäß einer weiteren Ausgestaltung der Erfindung kann vorgesehen sein, dass der Draht langestreckt ist und einen Querschnitt zwischen 0,1 mm und 4 mm hat.According to a further embodiment of the invention it can be provided that the wire is elongated and has a cross section between 0.1 mm and 4 mm.
Ferner kann vorgesehen sein, dass der Draht eine Dicke von 0,1 mm bis 3 mm hat, vorzugsweise eine Dicke von 0,15 mm bis 2 mm.It can further be provided that the wire has a thickness of 0.1 mm to 3 mm, preferably a thickness of 0.15 mm to 2 mm.
Gemäß einer weiteren Ausgestaltung der Erfindung kann vorgesehen sein, dass der Draht ein aufgewickelter Endlos-Draht ist oder eine Länge von 10 mm bis 300 mm hat, vorzugsweise eine Länge von 20 mm bis 180 mm hat, besonders bevorzugt eine Länge von 30 mm bis 100 mm hat.According to a further embodiment of the invention, it can be provided that the wire is a wound endless wire or has a length of 10 mm to 300 mm, preferably a length of 20 mm to 180 mm, particularly preferably a length of 30 mm to 100 mm mm has.
Drähte mit einer Länge zwischen 10 mm und 300 mm sind besonders einfach in erfindungsgemäßen Schleifkontakten zu verbauen. Durch die Bereitstellung von Drähten in geeigneter Länge wird ein manuelles Zuschneiden eines Endlosdrahts vermieden. Daher sind zugeschnittene Drähte für Schleifkontakte besonders bevorzugt.Wires with a length between 10 mm and 300 mm are particularly easy to install in sliding contacts according to the invention. By providing wires of suitable length, manual cutting of an endless wire is avoided. Therefore, cut wires for sliding contacts are particularly preferred.
Eine ganz besonders bevorzugte Ausführungsform der Erfindung sieht vor, dass die Edelmetall-Legierung der Beschichtung eine Gold-Legierung umfasst, bevorzugt die Gold-Legierung Silber, Kupfer und/oder Palladium umfasst, ganz besonders bevorzugt die Beschichtung aus einer Legierung mit 70 Gew.-% Gold, 20 Gew.-% Silber und 10 Gew.-% Kupfer und/oder Palladium besteht.A very particularly preferred embodiment of the invention provides that the noble metal alloy of the coating comprises a gold alloy, preferably the gold alloy comprises silver, copper and / or palladium, very particularly preferably the coating of an alloy with 70 wt. % Gold, 20% by weight silver and 10% by weight copper and / or palladium.
Der Cu-Ag-Kern ist besonders gut und einfach mit den angegebenen Gold-Legierungen zu beschichten. Die Haltbarkeit einer solchen Beschichtung auf der Cu-Ag-Legierung ist besonders gut, insbesondere bei Silber-haltigen Gold-Legierungen.The Cu-Ag core is particularly good and easy to coat with the specified gold alloys. The durability of such a coating on the Cu-Ag alloy is particularly good, especially in the case of silver-containing gold alloys.
Es kann auch vorgesehen sein, dass der beschichtete Draht eine Chrom-haltige Zwischenschicht zwischen dem Kern und der Beschichtung umfasst.It can also be provided that the coated wire comprises a chromium-containing intermediate layer between the core and the coating.
Damit wird eine weitere Verbesserung der Haltbarkeit der Beschichtung auf dem Kern erreicht.This further improves the durability of the coating on the core.
Bei erfindungsgemäßen Drähten mit Beschichtung kann vorgesehen sein, dass die Beschichtung eine galvanische Beschichtung ist, vorzugsweise mit einer Schichtdicke von 0,1 µm bis 20 µm, besonders bevorzugt mit einer Schichtdicke von 0,5 µm bis 2 µm.In the case of wires according to the invention with a coating, it can be provided that the coating is a galvanic coating, preferably with a layer thickness of 0.1 μm to 20 μm, particularly preferably with a layer thickness of 0.5 μm to 2 μm.
Alternativ dazu kann vorgesehen sein, dass die Beschichtung eine mechanisch aufgebrachte Mantelbeschichtung ist, so dass der Draht ein Manteldraht ist, vorzugsweise mit einer Schichtdicke von 5 µm bis 50 µm, besonders bevorzugt mit einer Schichtdicke von 10 µm bis 25 µm.Alternatively, it can be provided that the coating is a mechanically applied jacket coating so that the wire is a jacket wire, preferably with a layer thickness of 5 µm to 50 µm, particularly preferably with a layer thickness of 10 µm to 25 µm.
Beschichtete Drähte können sich auch dadurch auszeichnen, dass die Beschichtung ein Zylindermantel ist, die sich um den zylindrischen Kern des Drahts erstreckt.Coated wires can also be characterized in that the coating is a cylinder jacket that extends around the cylindrical core of the wire.
Ferner kann vorgesehen sein, dass die Beschichtung des Drahts durch Walzplattieren, Sputtern oder galvanisch auf den Grundkörper aufgetragen ist.It can also be provided that the coating of the wire is applied to the base body by roll cladding, sputtering or electroplating.
Die Aufgabe der Erfindung wird auch gelöst durch einen Schleifkontakt mit zumindest einem solchen Draht, wobei ein Gegenkontakt vorgesehen ist, auf dessen leitender Oberfläche zumindest einer der Drähte anliegt, wobei die Federkraft des Drahts auf die leitende Oberfläche des Gegenkontakts einen elektrischen Kontakt zwischen dem Draht und dem Gegenkontakt bewirkt und der Gegenkontakt gegen den Draht beweglich ist, so dass die Oberfläche des Drahts bei einer Bewegung des Gegenkontakts über den Gegenkontakt schleift.The object of the invention is also achieved by a sliding contact with at least one such wire, with a mating contact being provided, on whose conductive surface at least one of the wires rests, the spring force of the wire on the conductive surface of the mating contact creating an electrical contact between the wire and causes the mating contact and the mating contact is movable against the wire, so that the surface of the wire slides over the mating contact when the mating contact moves.
Dabei kann vorgesehen sein, dass der Gegenkontakt drehbar gelagert ist und die leitende Oberfläche des Gegenkontakts zumindest bereichsweise rotationssymmetrisch ist.It can be provided that the mating contact is rotatably mounted and the conductive surface of the mating contact is at least partially rotationally symmetrical.
Dabei kann ferner vorgesehen sein, dass der Schleifkontakt ein Vieldrahtschleifer mit einer Vielzahl von miteinander elektrisch kontaktierten Drähten ist.It can furthermore be provided that the sliding contact is a multi-wire wiper with a large number of wires that are electrically contacted with one another.
Vieldrahtschleifer sind besonders geeignet, da sie auch den Ausfall einzelner Kontakte verkraften und sich gut an das Profil eines Gegenkontakts anpassen können.Multi-wire grinders are particularly suitable because they can cope with the failure of individual contacts and adapt well to the profile of a mating contact.
Auch kann vorgesehen sein, dass der Schleifkontakt derart ausgebildet ist, dass zumindest einer der Drähte mit seiner Beschichtung auf dem Gegenkontakt anliegt.It can also be provided that the sliding contact is designed in such a way that at least one of the wires rests with its coating on the mating contact.
Die Aufgabe der Erfindung wird auch durch einen potentiometrischen Sensor, Potentiometer, Schieberegler, Positionssensor, Drehschalter, Elektromotor, Generator, Windturbine, Schleifringsystem, Stellantrieb oder Stromabnehmer mit einem solchen Schleifkontakt gelöst. Die Aufgabe der Erfindung wird schließlich auch gelöst durch einen potentiometrischen Sensor, ein Potentiometer, einen Schieberegler, einen Positionssensor, einen Drehschalter, einen Elektromotor, einen Generator, eine Windturbine, ein Schleifringsystem, einen Stellantrieb oder einen Stromabnehmer mit einem solchen Draht als Schleifkontakt.The object of the invention is also achieved by a potentiometric sensor, potentiometer, slider, position sensor, rotary switch, electric motor, generator, wind turbine, slip ring system, actuator or current collector with such a sliding contact. The object of the invention is finally also achieved by a potentiometric sensor, a potentiometer, a slide control, a position sensor, a rotary switch, an electric motor, a generator, a wind turbine, a slip ring system, an actuator or a current collector with such a wire as a sliding contact.
Bei solchen Bauteilen sind die erfindungsgemäßen Drähte und Schleifkontakte besonders effektiv einsetzbar.The wires and sliding contacts according to the invention can be used particularly effectively in such components.
Der Erfindung liegt die überraschende Erkenntnis zugrunde, dass das verwendete Material, nämlich die Kupfer-Silber-Legierung, ein hochleitfähiges Material ist, das die Übertragung höherer Ströme bei gleichbleibendem Querschnitt erlaubt, beziehungsweise die Übertragung gleichbleibender Ströme bei geringerem Querschnitt erlaubt, und die Legierung gleichzeitig über geeignete mechanische Eigenschaften, wie die Elastizität verfügt, um einen Federkontakt zu bilden.The invention is based on the surprising finding that the material used, namely the copper-silver alloy, is a highly conductive material that allows the transmission of higher currents with a constant cross-section, or the transmission of constant currents with a smaller cross-section, and the alloy at the same time has suitable mechanical properties, such as elasticity, to form a spring contact.
Wenn der Draht als Manteldraht beziehungsweise als beschichteter Draht ausgebildet ist, der einen Kern aus einer solchen Kupfer-Silber-Legierung umfasst, ergibt sich aus dem gleichbleibenden Querschnitt bei höheren Strömen, beziehungsweise aus dem geringeren Querschnitt bei gleichbleibenden Strömen, der überraschende kombinatorische Vorteil, dass der meist aus teuren Edelmetallen aufgebaute Mantel oder die Beschichtung einen geringeren Querschnitt hat und daher weniger des teuren Mantelmaterials beziehungsweise der Beschichtung zur Herstellung eines solchen Manteldrahts beziehungsweise beschichteten Drahts verbraucht werden muss. Dies führt zu einer deutlichen Kostenreduzierung bei der Herstellung eines solchen Manteldrahts beziehungsweise beschichteten Drahts, insbesondere bei dickeren Beschichtungen wie bei Manteldrähten. Damit ist also vor allem bei einem Manteldraht eine entsprechende Edelmetallersparnis verbunden.If the wire is designed as a sheathed wire or as a coated wire that includes a core made of such a copper-silver alloy, the constant cross-section with higher currents or the smaller cross-section with constant currents results in the surprising combinatorial advantage that the jacket or the coating, which is usually made up of expensive precious metals, has a smaller cross-section and therefore less of the expensive jacket material or the coating has to be consumed to produce such a jacket wire or coated wire. This leads to a significant reduction in costs in the production of such a sheathed wire or coated wire, in particular in the case of thicker coatings such as sheathed wires. This is associated with a corresponding saving in precious metals, especially with a clad wire.
Aufgrund der im Vergleich zu CuBe2 wesentlich höheren elektrischen Leitfähigkeit von Cu-Ag-Werkstoffen ermöglicht der Einsatz eines Drahts aus einer Cu-Ag-Legierung beziehungsweise eines beschichteten Drahts oder eines Manteldrahts mit einem Cu-Ag-Kern die Übertragung erheblich höherer elektrischer Ströme bei gleichbleibendem Drahtquerschnitt. Umgekehrt kann zur Übertragung vergleichbarer Ströme ein Draht mit geringerem Querschnitt eingesetzt werden.Due to the significantly higher electrical conductivity of Cu-Ag materials compared to CuBe 2 , the use of a wire made of a Cu-Ag alloy or a coated wire or a sheathed wire with a Cu-Ag core enables the transmission of considerably higher electrical currents constant wire cross-section. Conversely, a wire with a smaller cross-section can be used to transmit comparable currents.
Durch den Ersatz von CuBe2 durch Cu-Ag für Drähte für Schleifkontakte kann der Forderung des Marktes nach berylliumfreien Produkten Rechnung getragen werden. Beryllium steht im Verdacht umweltschädliche Effekte zu haben, daher besteht das Bedürfnis nach Berylliumfreien Produkten.By replacing CuBe 2 with Cu-Ag for wires for sliding contacts, the market demand for beryllium-free products can be met. Beryllium is in Suspected of having harmful effects on the environment, so there is a need for beryllium-free products.
Erfindungsgemäße Drähte auf Cu-Ag-Basis können in erfindungsgemäßen Schleifkontakten wie Schleifringübertragersystemen eingesetzt werden. Solche Schleifringübertrager kommen im Wesentlichen zur Übertragung von elektrischen Signalen und elektrischer Leistung in Windenergie-Anlagen zum Einsatz. Allgemein werden Schleifringübertrager überall dort eingesetzt, wo elektrische Ströme zwischen rotierenden und statischen Teilen übertragen werden sollen, wie zum Beispiel bei Roboterarmen.Wires according to the invention based on Cu-Ag can be used in sliding contacts according to the invention such as slip ring transmission systems. Such slip ring transmitters are mainly used for the transmission of electrical signals and electrical power in wind energy systems. In general, slip ring assemblies are used wherever electrical currents are to be transmitted between rotating and static parts, such as in robot arms.
Im Folgenden werden Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung anhand von drei schematisch dargestellten Figuren erläutert, ohne jedoch dabei die Erfindung zu beschränken. Dabei zeigt:
- Figur 1:
- eine schematische Seitenansicht eines erfindungsgemäßen Schleifkontakts;
- Figur 2:
- eine schematische perspektivische Ansicht eines erfindungsgemäßen Drahts und
- Figur 3:
- eine schematische Ansicht eines alternativen erfindungsgemäßen Schleifkontakts.
- Figure 1:
- a schematic side view of a sliding contact according to the invention;
- Figure 2:
- a schematic perspective view of a wire according to the invention and
- Figure 3:
- a schematic view of an alternative sliding contact according to the invention.
Der Draht 2 ist mit einer Fixierung 3 auf einer Vorrichtung 4 fixiert. Die Vorrichtung 4 kann irgendeine Anlage sein, beispielsweise der Mast einer Windkraftanlage oder ein Teil, das mit dem Mast einer Windkraftanlage fest verbunden ist. An der Vorrichtung 4 ist eine Aufhängung 5 angeordnet, die fest mit der Vorrichtung 4 verbunden ist. In der Aufhängung 5 ist eine Walze 6 als Gegenkontakt zum Draht 2 drehbar um eine Achse 7 gelagert. Die Walze 6 hat dazu eine leitende Oberfläche und ist zylindrisch geformt. Die Achse 7 ist gleichzeitig die Symmetrieachse der zylindrischen Walze 6. Die Walze 6 ist über die Aufhängung 5 nicht elektrisch leitend mit der Vorrichtung 4 verbunden.The
Der Draht 2 ist derart relativ zur Walze 6 fixiert, dass er auf die Walze 6 gedrückt wird. Dadurch ist der Draht 2 elastisch verformt. Wenn sich die Walze 6 in der Aufhängung 5 dreht, schleift die Mantelfläche des Drahts 2 über den leitenden Zylindermantel der Walze 6. Durch den fortwährenden Kontakt, den der Draht 2 mit der sich drehenden Walze 6 erzeugt, kann Strom von dem Draht 2 auf die Walze 6 oder umgekehrt übertragen werden. Durch die Federkraft des Drahts 2 wird der Kontakt zur Oberfläche der Walze 6 aufrechterhalten.The
An dem Draht 2 ist eine elektrische Leitung 8 angeschlossen, mit der Strom auf weiterführende Bauteile (nicht gezeigt) oder von anderen Bauteilen auf den Draht 2 geleitet werden kann.An
Der Draht 2, der einen Kern aus einer Kupfer-Silber-Legierung hat, kann im Durchmesser kleiner aufgebaut werden als herkömmliche Drähte für herkömmliche Schleifkontakte, um den gleichen Strom zu übertragen. Daher ist ein solcher Draht 2 kostengünstiger in der Herstellung und verbraucht weniger Ressourcen. Der Draht 2 kann einfach herstellt werden und macht keine Probleme bei der Entsorgung oder Wiederaufbereitung. Schließlich kommt der Draht 2 auch völlig ohne Beryllium aus, was neuere Umweltanforderungen erfüllt.The
Als Draht 2 kann ein Draht verwendet werden, wie in
Die Beschichtung 20 kann durch Walzplattieren, durch Sputtern oder galvanisch auf den Kupfer-Silber-Kern 19 des Drahts 12 aufgebracht werden. Um eine bessere Haltbarkeit der Beschichtung 20 auf dem Kern 19 des Drahts 12 zu erreichen, kann eine Zwischenschicht (nicht gezeigt) zwischen dem Kern 19 und der Beschichtung 20 vorgesehen sein. Die Zwischenschicht kann beispielsweise eine Chrom-Legierung sein, die galvanisch oder über Gasphasenabscheidung auf dem Kern 19 aufgetragen ist.The
Dadurch werden die Drähte 22 auf die metallische Schiene 26 gedrückt und verformen sich dabei elastisch. Durch die Federkraft der Drähte 22 werden diese stets auf die Schiene 26 gedrückt, die den Gegenkontakt zu den Drähten 22 bildet. Über eine Leitung 28 werden die die Drähte 22 des Schleifkontakts 21 elektrisch kontaktiert. Ein Strom kann aus der Schiene 26 über die Drähte 22 übertragen werden. Wenn sich die Drähte 22 über die Schiene 26 bewegen, kann so stets Strom von der Schiene 26 auf die Drähte 22 übertragen werden.As a result, the
Die Drähte 22 umfassen eine Kupfer-Silber-Legierung und können daher kleiner aufgebaut werden als Drähte für herkömmliche Schleifkontakte. Dadurch wird zum einen weniger Material verbraucht und zum anderen können kleinere Strukturen realisiert werden. Dies ist bei zunehmender Miniaturisierung vieler Bauteile vorteilhaft. Der gezeigte Schleifkontakt 21 kann beispielsweise bei einer Modelleisenbahn, so wie in
Als Drähte 22 können insbesondere Drähte, wie sie in
Es hat sich herausgestellt, dass Kupfer-Silber-Legierungen mit bis zu 25 Gew.-% Silber und dem Rest aus Kupfer besonders gut geeignet sind, um einen erfindungsgemäßen Draht 2, 12, 22 für einen erfindungsgemäßen Schleifkontakt 1, 21 aufzubauen. Zudem können geringe Beimengungen (unter 4 Gew.-%) anderer Metalle in der Legierung enthalten sein. Geeignete geringe Beimengungen können beispielsweise Chrom oder Zirkonium sein.It has been found that copper-silver alloys with up to 25% by weight silver and the remainder of copper are particularly well suited to construct a
Die in der voranstehenden Beschreibung, sowie den Ansprüchen, Figuren und Ausführungsbeispielen offenbarten Merkmale der Erfindung können sowohl einzeln, als auch in jeder beliebigen Kombination für die Verwirklichung der Erfindung in ihren verschiedenen Ausführungsformen wesentlich sein.The features of the invention disclosed in the above description and in the claims, figures and exemplary embodiments can be essential both individually and in any combination for the implementation of the invention in its various embodiments.
- 1, 211, 21
- SchleifkontaktSliding contact
- 2, 12, 222, 12, 22
- Drahtwire
- 3, 233, 23
- FixierungFixation
- 44th
- Vorrichtungcontraption
- 55
- Aufhängungsuspension
- 66
- Walze / GegenkontaktRoller / mating contact
- 77th
- Nabe / AchseHub / axle
- 8, 288, 28
- Leitungmanagement
- 1919th
- Kerncore
- 2020th
- Mantelcoat
- 2626th
- Schiene / GegenkontaktRail / mating contact
Claims (15)
- Wire for producing a sliding contact (1, 21), at least an inner core (19) of the wire (2, 12, 22) consists of a copper-silver alloy, characterized in that
the wire (2, 12, 22) comprises a coating (20) made of a noble metal alloy. - Wire (2, 12, 22) according to claim 1, characterized in that,
the inner core (1) extends along the entire length the wire (2, 12, 22). - Wire (2, 12, 22) according to claim 1, characterized in that,
the copper-silver alloy contains up to 30% by weight silver, preferably 1 to 25% by weight silver, particular preferably 5 to 15% by weight silver, very particular preferably 10% by weight silver. - Wire (2, 12, 22) according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that,
the copper-silver alloy contains small admixtures of other elements with their fraction being less than 4% by weight, and the small admixtures of other elements are Zr and/or Cr, preferably with their fraction being less than 1% by weight, particular preferably with their fraction being less than 0.1% by weight. - Wire (2, 12, 22) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that,
the thickness of the wire (2, 12, 22) is 0.1 mm to 3 mm, preferably the thickness of the wire (2, 12, 22) is 0.15 mm to 2 mm. - Wire (2, 12, 22) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that,
the wire (2, 12, 22) is reeled-up continuous wire or has a length of 10 mm to 300 mm, preferably has a length of 20 mm to 180 mm, particular preferably has a length of 30 mm to 100 mm. - Wire (2, 12, 22) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that,
the noble metal alloy of the coating (20) comprises a gold alloy, preferably the gold alloy comprising silver, copper and/or palladium, particular preferably the coating is made of an alloy containing 70% by weight gold, 20% by weight silver, and 10% by weight copper and/or palladium. - Wire (2, 12, 22) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that,
the coating (20) is an electroplated coating (20), preferably having a thickness of 0.1 µm to 20 µm, particular preferably having a thickness of 0.5 µm to 2 µm. - Wire (2, 12, 22) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that,
the coating (20) is a jacket coating (20) applied mechanically such that the wire (2, 12, 22) is a jacked wire (12), wherein preferably the coating (20) is of a thickness of 5 µm to 50 µm, particular preferably the coating (20) is of a thickness of 10 µm to 25 µm. - Wire (2, 12, 22) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that,
the coating (20) is a cylinder jacket that extends around the cylindrical core (19) of the wire (2, 12, 22). - Sliding contact (1, 21) having at least one wire (2, 12, 22) according to any one of preceding claims, characterized in that,
a counter-contact (6, 26) is provided which conductive surface has at least one of the wires (2, 12, 22) touch against it, whereby the spring force of the wire (2, 12, 22) acting on the conductive surface of the counter-contact (6, 26) effects electrical contacting between the wire (2, 12, 22) and the counter contact (6, 26) and the counter contact (6, 26) is mobile with respect to the wire (2, 12, 22) such that the surface of the wire (2, 12, 22) slides over the counter-contact (6, 26) when the counter-contact (6, 26) moves. - Sliding contact (1,21) according to claim 11, characterized in that,
the counter-contact (6) is supported against the wire (2, 12, 22) like in a bearing such that it can rotate and at least part of the conductive surface of the counter-contact (6) is rotationally-symmetrical. - Sliding contact (1, 21) according to claim 11 or 12, characterized in that,
the counter-contact (6) is a multi-wire wiper contact (21) having a multitude of wires (2, 12, 22) that are electrically contacted to each other. - Sliding contact (1, 21) according to any one of claims 11, 12 or 13 having at least one wire (2, 12, 22) according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that,
the sliding contact (1, 21) is designed appropriately such that at least one of the wires (2, 12, 22) touches, by its coating (20), against the counter-contact (6, 26). - Potentiometric sensor, potentiometer, sliding dolly regulator, position sensor, rotary switch, electrical motor, generator, wind turbine, slip ring system, actuator or current collector having a sliding contact (1, 21) according to any one of claims 11 to 14.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
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DE102011106518.4A DE102011106518B4 (en) | 2011-06-15 | 2011-06-15 | Wire for sliding contacts and sliding contacts |
PCT/EP2012/002478 WO2012171632A1 (en) | 2011-06-15 | 2012-06-12 | Wire for sliding contacts and sliding contacts |
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EP2721696B1 true EP2721696B1 (en) | 2020-09-30 |
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EP (1) | EP2721696B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN103608976B (en) |
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EP2808873A1 (en) * | 2013-05-28 | 2014-12-03 | Nexans | Electrically conductive wire and method for its manufacture |
CN108233133B (en) * | 2017-12-31 | 2024-07-09 | 扬州海通电子科技有限公司 | Modularized contact assembly and large-scale power transmission slip ring contact device based on same |
KR102358089B1 (en) * | 2021-08-06 | 2022-02-08 | 정호균 | Pin type wire for slip ring |
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US4314848A (en) * | 1978-11-17 | 1982-02-09 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Silver alloy for a sliding contact |
US20010024735A1 (en) * | 1996-04-05 | 2001-09-27 | University Of Virginia Patent Foundation | Continuous metal fiber brushes |
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US2269614A (en) * | 1938-07-30 | 1942-01-13 | Zahnradfabrik Friedrichshafen | Sliding current collector for slip rings |
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US4358699A (en) * | 1980-06-05 | 1982-11-09 | The University Of Virginia Alumni Patents Foundation | Versatile electrical fiber brush and method of making |
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CA1230938A (en) * | 1985-02-06 | 1987-12-29 | Majesty (Her) In Right Of Canada As Represented By Atomic Energy Of Canada Limited/L'energie Atomique Du Canada Limitee | Sliding electric contacts |
US5119865A (en) * | 1990-02-20 | 1992-06-09 | Mitsubishi Materials Corporation | Cu-alloy mold for use in centrifugal casting of ti or ti alloy and centrifugal-casting method using the mold |
DE4020700A1 (en) | 1990-06-29 | 1992-01-09 | Kern & Liebers | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR EDGING SPRINGS |
GB2270568A (en) * | 1992-09-15 | 1994-03-16 | Crane Electronics | Torque transducer having a slipring and brush assembly |
JP3351023B2 (en) * | 1993-04-28 | 2002-11-25 | 三菱マテリアル株式会社 | Suspension line |
JPH07166270A (en) * | 1993-12-13 | 1995-06-27 | Mitsubishi Materials Corp | Copper alloy excellent in resistance to ant-lair-like corrosion |
JPH0941056A (en) * | 1995-07-31 | 1997-02-10 | Mitsubishi Materials Corp | Motor commutator material |
JP2000243139A (en) * | 1999-02-19 | 2000-09-08 | Hitachi Cable Ltd | Bending resisting composite conductor and its manufacture |
DE19913246A1 (en) | 1999-03-24 | 2000-09-28 | Siedle Horst Gmbh & Co Kg | Wire guide for transmission of electrical signals, has several groups separated by gaps of guide wires in which each wire group is arranged on finger-shaped spring element |
DE102004028838A1 (en) * | 2004-06-16 | 2006-01-26 | W.C. Heraeus Gmbh | sliding contact |
US7105983B2 (en) * | 2004-06-18 | 2006-09-12 | Moog Inc. | Electrical contact technology and methodology for the manufacture of large-diameter electrical slip rings |
US7495366B2 (en) * | 2004-06-18 | 2009-02-24 | Moog Inc. | Compact slip ring incorporating fiber-on-tips contact technology |
US7423359B2 (en) * | 2004-06-18 | 2008-09-09 | Moog Inc. | Fluid-dispensing reservoir for large-diameter slip rings |
DE102005011028A1 (en) * | 2005-03-08 | 2006-09-14 | W.C. Heraeus Gmbh | Copper bonding wire with improved bonding and corrosion properties |
DE102005047799A1 (en) * | 2005-10-05 | 2007-05-24 | W.C. Heraeus Gmbh | Slip ring body for continuous power transmission |
US7179090B1 (en) * | 2005-12-08 | 2007-02-20 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Integral dual-component current collection device |
DE102008001361A1 (en) * | 2008-04-24 | 2009-11-05 | Schleifring Und Apparatebau Gmbh | Multiple brush for slip rings |
DE102009058259B4 (en) * | 2009-12-14 | 2015-05-28 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Brush design for slip ring contacts |
-
2011
- 2011-06-15 DE DE102011106518.4A patent/DE102011106518B4/en active Active
-
2012
- 2012-06-12 CN CN201280028519.XA patent/CN103608976B/en active Active
- 2012-06-12 WO PCT/EP2012/002478 patent/WO2012171632A1/en active Application Filing
- 2012-06-12 US US14/126,080 patent/US20140120743A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2012-06-12 EP EP12732967.0A patent/EP2721696B1/en active Active
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US4314848A (en) * | 1978-11-17 | 1982-02-09 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Silver alloy for a sliding contact |
US20010024735A1 (en) * | 1996-04-05 | 2001-09-27 | University Of Virginia Patent Foundation | Continuous metal fiber brushes |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US20140120743A1 (en) | 2014-05-01 |
WO2012171632A1 (en) | 2012-12-20 |
CN103608976A (en) | 2014-02-26 |
DE102011106518B4 (en) | 2017-12-28 |
DE102011106518A1 (en) | 2012-12-20 |
EP2721696A1 (en) | 2014-04-23 |
CN103608976B (en) | 2020-05-15 |
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