EP2718202B1 - Cargo holding device - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a cargo receiving device, such as containers, pallets or the like, in particular for loading aircraft and a method for producing a cargo receiving device

For the effective transport of cargo in airplanes, freight containers and cargo pallets - ie cargo receiving facilities - are indispensable, as they allow a fast loading and unloading of the aircraft. The vast majority of commercial aircraft can accommodate a variety of freight containers or cargo pallets. Most containers or pallets are standardized so that they can be used independently of the aircraft used for transport. Until 10 years ago, freight containers were made exclusively of aluminum, with the weight of the container was about 100 kg. The currently used containers are partly based on lighter materials, so that freight containers weighing around 60 kg are now being used. It should be obvious that reducing the dead weight of the containers or pallets used has a significant financial and environmental impact. For example, a freight container is in the DE 20 64 241 described. The use of non-metallic materials (cf. DE 69616182 T2 ) in this area was considered. The DE 696 16 182 T2 suggests, for example a freight container having an aluminum alloy frame in which side walls and a roof of fiber reinforced plastic are inserted. The side walls and the roof are made as fiber webs of fiber-reinforced plastic. As a possible alternative to the aluminum alloy, a frame of carbon fiber reinforced plastic material is already mentioned in the aforementioned document. A technical embodiment of such a freight container is the DE 696 16 182 T2 but not to be seen. Perhaps the frame should be made from the said knitted or knitted fabric by lamination or by winding.

In the DE 696 16 182 T2 the bottom plate is glued in the frame and fixed by rivets. However, this attachment is perceived as relatively complicated.

In the WO 2010/045572 A1 For the attachment of cargo container panels, a press fit is proposed that can be reinforced by adhesives and mechanical joint rivets. Alternatively, it is also proposed to perform a locking by a plurality of ratchet teeth. These measures are also perceived as costly. An insoluble bond by gluing, riveting or the use of ratchet teeth also complicates the disassembly of the freight container.

The DE 42 18 589 A1 describes a collapsible transport container, in which at least the side walls are connected to each other via a clip connection. For this purpose, a U-shaped rail surrounds a round profile element which extends over the entire longitudinal sides of the side wall. In order to fix the clip connections, the roof element is a cover which partially surrounds the side walls and thus forms a frame enclosing the transport container.

A side wall of the DE 42 18 589 A1 has a plate and a frame with four attachable profile strips. The profile strips in turn form a rectangle in the arranged state.

The DE 10 2008 005 010 A1 in turn describes a collapsible transport container for goods, in particular air freight container, having a bottom, a lid, side walls, a rear wall and at least two doors. Profiles may be provided on the wall elements.

The GB 2 273 542 A describes a freight container with elastic corner profiles, which are used to connect the side walls, are clipped into this.

Further transport containers are from the WO 96/29232 A1 and the US Pat. No. 3,598,273 A known.

Starting from the DE 42 18 589 A1 It is an object of the present invention to provide an improved cargo receiving device. In particular, the dead weight, the manufacturing cost and the production cost of the cargo receiving facilities should be reduced and the functionality (eg manageability, safety) and stability should be increased.

This object is achieved by a cargo receiving device according to claim 1.

An essential idea of the invention is that the floor element can be suspended by providing a hook in the profile element. This results in a structurally simple, yet secure connection. Assembly and disassembly of the cargo receiving device are facilitated. In particular, can be dispensed with irreversible bonding or locking.

According to the invention, at least one wall element is provided, which has a stiffening running from a wall corner to the diagonally opposite wall corner, comprising at least one additional wall layer (tarpaulin layer). In the wall element stiffeners run from all four corners of the wall to the respective diagonally opposite wall corner, so that a total of a cross-shaped stiffening forms. The at least one stiffening is realized by a local increase of a number of layers (number of planets). Due to the stiffeners, tensile loads can be absorbed via corner points, so that they no longer have to be set down via frame profiles. In particular, in combination with the floor element described above, a construction is achieved which is extremely lightweight and easy to assemble. Intended connectors or hook connections are stabilized by the stiffeners. By this measure, the at least one wall element becomes a structurally reinforcing element of the entire cargo receiving device. This allows a lightweight construction (Frame construction) and the absence of connecting means, such as rivets or screws.

Preferably, a connection between the floor element and profile element via an insertion (of the floor and / or profile element) with subsequent rotation (of floor and profile element against each other) can be produced. Alternatively or additionally, the release of a connection between floor and profile element via a rotation (of floor and profile element against each other) with subsequent removal of the floor and profile element from each other. Overall, this makes a reliable connection possible, which facilitates in particular the assembly and disassembly. Even without the provision of irreversible gluing or latching, the connection is comparatively reliable (in particular due to the provision of the hook).

In a specific embodiment, the connecting device comprises at least one groove and at least one spring. The groove may for example be provided in the profile element (and / or in the bottom element). The spring is preferably provided in the bottom element. Alternatively or additionally, at least one groove is provided in the profile element. By such a tongue and groove joint together with the hook extremely simple assembly / disassembly can be realized.

A cross section of the groove and / or the spring may be at least partially round, in particular circular. As a result, profile and floor element can be rotated particularly easily against each other, which facilitates assembly / disassembly. A cross section of the groove is preferably completely circular (apart from a slot opening).

At least one spring and / or at least one groove may be asymmetrical, so that the spring is insertable into the groove at a predetermined first relative angle to the groove and is hooked to the groove at a predetermined second (relative to the first, different) relative angle. In this embodiment, spring and groove are formed such that the spring acts as a hook in the associated groove or is formed as a hook. This development is particularly simple in terms of design and allows a stable connection.

In particular, when a cross section of the groove (other than a groove opening) is circular, a cross section of the spring may have a length (maximum length) in a longitudinal direction and a width (maximum width) in a width direction with the longitudinal direction perpendicular to the width direction, wherein the length is greater than the width (for example at least 1.1 times or at least 1.3 times or at least 1.6 times as large). By such a (in cross-section) elongated spring, the connection with the groove can be done easily and safely.

Preferably, a cross-section of the spring has a circular arc section and opposite the circular arc section a fulcrum. In such an embodiment, the spring can be particularly easily levered by rotation in the groove, which allows assembly and disassembly.

Preferably, an edge portion of the bottom plate and / or at least one of the edge portion of the bottom plate facing profile element edge portion (in cross section) is hook-shaped. By appropriate design of the edge, a separate component (for example, a separate hook) can be omitted. The connection can thus be structurally extremely simple.

At least one bottom plate edge portion of the bottom plate may be bent inwardly. Alternatively or additionally, at least one profile element edge section facing the bottom plate edge section can be bevelled downwards in the direction of the base plate. In one embodiment of the cargo receiving device as a pallet, "inward" may mean that the bend is oriented toward a cargo receiving surface, "inward" for a container may mean that the bend is oriented towards a center of the cargo receiving space. In any case, a stable and in particular positive formation of the soil can be achieved. The cost of materials is extremely low. The connection between floor element and profile element is still reliable and safe.

The bottom plate and / or at least one, preferably pultruded, profile element may be made at least in sections of fiber-reinforced carbon. As a result, on the one hand weight can be saved. Especially When produced by pultrusion, there is the advantage that the hook construction is extremely stable due to the alignment of the fibers of the profile element along its longitudinal axis, against a tensile load by the bottom element.

The present cargo receiving device can completely dispense with metallic components. In a specific embodiment, the cargo receiving device may comprise an electromagnetic transmitter and / or receiver, in particular an RFID chip. By dispensing with metallic components or at least reducing the proportion of metallic components, this electromagnetic receiving and / or transmitting device can communicate particularly easily with a corresponding external transmitter or receiver. A disturbance by metallic components is avoided or at least reduced.

Due to the special design of the cargo receiving device, the overall weight compared to known cargo receiving devices is significantly reduced again. A weight reduction of 35% or more seems possible, which could for example be around 640 kg per total load weight in a Boeing 747 compared to a load with known containers. Assuming that a Boeing 747 in maximum capacity of about one-third aircraft, one-third passengers or cargo and about one-third fuel and in this form then has a take-off weight of about 408 tons, it comes to the result that about 130 tons of fuel are needed to transport 272 tons of aircraft and cargo. By the cargo receiving device according to the invention can be saved on a flight in such a case about 320 kg of fuel. As a result, the CO ₂ emissions can be significantly reduced again.

Further advantageous embodiments will become apparent from the dependent claims.

The invention will be described by means of several embodiments, which are explained in more detail with reference to the following figures.

Fig. 1

eine schematische Darstellung eines Frachtcontainers in einer Schrägansicht;

Fig. 2

den Frachtcontainer aus Fig. 1 in einer Ansicht von oben;

Fig. 3

den Frachtcontainer in einer entlang der Linie III-III aus Fig. 2 geschnittenen Ansicht;

Fig. 4

ein pultrudiertes Profilelement in einer Schrägansicht;

Fig. 5

das pultrudierte Profilelement gemäß Fig. 4 in einer Seitenansicht;

Fig. 6

einen Schnitt entlang der Linie VI-VI aus Fig. 5;

Fig. 7

ein Eckelement in einer ersten Schrägansicht;

Fig. 8

das Eckelement aus Fig. 7 in einer zweiten Schrägansicht;

Fig. 9

eine zweite Ausführungsform eines pultrudierten Profilelements in einer schematischen Schnittansicht;

Fig. 10

eine zweite Ausführungsform eines Eckelements in einer schematischen Schrägansicht;

Fig. 11

das Eckelement gemäß Fig. 10 in einer Seitenansicht;

Fig. 12

einen Ausschnitt des pultrudierten Profilelements gemäß der ersten Ausführungsform sowie einen Ausschnitt eines Bodenelementes in einer schematischen Schnittansicht gemäß einer ersten Ausführungsform;

Fig. 13

Bestandteile einer Wand sowie eine Form zur Herstellung eines Randwulstes in einer schematischen Schnittdarstellung;

Fig. 14

einen Ausschnitt eines Randes einer Wand der Frachtaufnahmeeinrichtung in einer schematischen Schnittansicht;

Fig. 15

eine Befestigung einer Wand der Frachtaufnahmeeinrichtung an einem Eckelement in einer Ansicht von oben;

Fig. 16

einen teilweisen Schnitt entlang der Linie XVI-XVI aus Fig. 15;

Fig. 17

eine alternative mögliche Ausgestaltung eines Bereichs der Befestigung der Wand an dem Eckelement in einem schematischen Schnitt;

Fig. 18

ein Seiteneckelement mit Ausschnitten zweier Seitenwände und einer Decke;

Fig. 19

eine schematische Schnittansicht eines Ausschnittes eines Profilelementes sowie eines Ausschnittes eines Bodenelementes in einer schematischen Schnittansicht gemäß einer zweiten Ausführungsform in einer ersten Relativstellung;

Fig. 20

das Profilelement und das Bodenelement gemäß Fig. 19 in einer zweiten Relativstellung;

Fig. 21

das Profilelement und das Bodenelement gemäß Fig. 19 in einer dritten Relativstellung;

Fig. 22

eine Schrägansicht einer alternativen Ausgestaltung eines Eckelementes; und

Fig. 23

eine weitere Alternative einer Ausgestaltung eines Eckelementes in Schrägansicht.

Hereby show:

Fig. 1

a schematic representation of a freight container in an oblique view;

Fig. 2

the freight container Fig. 1 in a view from above;

Fig. 3

the freight container in one along the line III-III Fig. 2 cut view;

Fig. 4

a pultruded profile element in an oblique view;

Fig. 5

the pultruded profile element according to Fig. 4 in a side view;

Fig. 6

a section along the line VI-VI from Fig. 5 ;

Fig. 7

a corner element in a first oblique view;

Fig. 8

the corner element Fig. 7 in a second perspective view;

Fig. 9

a second embodiment of a pultruded profile element in a schematic sectional view;

Fig. 10

a second embodiment of a corner element in a schematic oblique view;

Fig. 11

the corner element according to Fig. 10 in a side view;

Fig. 12

a section of the pultruded profile element according to the first embodiment and a section of a bottom element in a schematic sectional view according to a first embodiment;

Fig. 13

Components of a wall and a mold for producing a Randwulstes in a schematic sectional view;

Fig. 14

a section of an edge of a wall of the cargo receiving device in a schematic sectional view;

Fig. 15

an attachment of a wall of the cargo receiving device to a corner element in a view from above;

Fig. 16

a partial section along the line XVI-XVI Fig. 15 ;

Fig. 17

an alternative possible embodiment of a portion of the attachment of the wall to the corner element in a schematic section;

Fig. 18

a side corner element with cutouts of two side walls and a ceiling;

Fig. 19

a schematic sectional view of a section of a profile element and a section of a bottom element in a schematic sectional view according to a second embodiment in a first relative position;

Fig. 20

the profile element and the floor element according to Fig. 19 in a second relative position;

Fig. 21

the profile element and the floor element according to Fig. 19 in a third relative position;

Fig. 22

an oblique view of an alternative embodiment of a corner element; and

Fig. 23

a further alternative embodiment of a corner element in an oblique view.

In the following description, the same reference numerals are used for the same and like parts.

Fig. 1 shows a freight container 10 in an oblique view. Fig. 2 shows the freight container in a view from above. The cargo container 10 comprises a frame 11 and side walls 12a to 12d (attached to the frame), a ceiling 13 and a floor 14. The side wall 12c then extends obliquely outward (at a 45 degree angle) to the floor 14. In addition to this inclined section 15, the side wall 12c also comprises a vertical section 16, which extends to the ceiling 13. The remaining side walls 12a, 12b and 12d extend continuously perpendicular to the floor 14 and the ceiling 13, respectively.

The frame 11 comprises first profile elements 17 and second profile elements 18, wherein the first profile elements 17 and the second profile elements 18 differ in particular with respect to their cross-section. The first profile elements 17 are part of a floor frame 19. The second profile elements 18 are components of a side frame 20 and a ceiling frame 21st

In the bottom frame 19 Bodeneckelemente 22 are integrated. At the bottom corner elements 22, two first profile elements 17 and a second profile element 18 can be infected. The side frame 20 and the Ceiling frame 21 include side corner elements 23, can be connected to the three second profile elements 18 (connected).

Fig. 3 shows a section along the line III-III Fig. 2 , It can be seen that a second profile element 18 is also arranged between the oblique section 15 and the vertical section 16 of the side wall 12c. Furthermore, it can be seen that the first profile element and the second profile element are formed as a hollow profile, wherein a cavity 24 of the first profile elements 17 and a cavity 25 of the second profile elements 18 is formed differently.

Fig. 4 shows a profile element in an oblique view. Fig. 5 shows the profile element in a view from the side. Fig. 6 shows a section along the line VI-VI Fig. 5 , Like that Fig. 4 and 6 can be removed, the first profile element 17 comprises a Bodenaufnahmenut 26 for receiving or fixing the bottom 14 and a Seitenwandaufnahmenut 27 for receiving or fastening one of the side walls 12a to 12d and a seat rail construction 28 for introducing (hooking) lashing eyes for the cargo.

Specifically, the bottom 14 or a bottom plate can be inserted into the bottom receiving groove 26. Due to the provision of Bodenaufnahmenut thus additional connecting parts, such as rivets, can be omitted in general. As a result, both the structural design and the effort during assembly is significantly reduced.

Also, the side walls 12a to 12d can be inserted into the side wall receiving groove 27. The Bodenaufnahmenut 26 and / or Seitenwandaufnahmenut 27 preferably has a roundish cross section and is suitable for receiving a rounded bead (see below) of the bottom 14 or one of the side walls 12 a to 12 d or the ceiling 13 suitable.

The seat rail construction 28 has an elongated cross-section with inwardly bent hook 29 for retaining lashing eyes.

The cavity 24 of the first profile element (see Fig. 6 ) has a (roughly) rectangular cross-section, one at the bottom 14 (not in FIG Fig. 6 see) subsequent wall is bent outwards. In particular, the inner contour of the profile element 17, 18 may vary; an outer contour also, if necessary taking into account the freight system. The inner cross sections can be adapted in particular to different loads. The outer contour can be adapted to the interface to the freight system, for example, edge corners can be designed to receive bars and guides.

The bottom corner elements 22 can be extended and / or widened (in the vertical direction) with a flange plate (not shown in the figures), in particular in order to be able to connect the first profile elements to the bottom corner elements 22 by means of screws. The bottom corner elements 22 (possibly also the side corner elements 23) may be formed from a composite material (in particular fiber composite material) or possibly also from an aluminum alloy (cast or forged). If the corner elements comprise a metal alloy, then corrosion protection can be provided between the pultruded profile elements and the corner elements (since, for example, carbon fiber reinforced plastic is comparatively aggressive towards aluminum).

Seat rail construction 28 may include bores (not visible in the figures) (which bores may be retrofitted and may have a diameter of 19 mm) to fasten or hook tie-in loops (single tiedown and double tie-down studs) to be able to, for example, if in the freight container heavy loads are flown, which still need to be lashed in the container 10. For pallets, these could also circulate inside, for example, to attach pallet nets to the pallets. So far, aluminum sections were usually screwed or riveted to it. In the present profile element, this seat rail construction 28 is integrated and also preferably made of pultruded fiber composite plastic (such as carbon fiber reinforced plastic or glass fiber reinforced plastic, etc.).

The Fig. 7 and 8th show one of the bottom corner elements 22 in different oblique views. The bottom corner element 22 is designed for connection (by insertion) with two first profile elements 17. For this purpose, two cavity receiving pins 30 are formed, to each of which a cavity 24 of the first profile element (not in Fig. 7 and 8th to see; see. Fig. 6 ) can be infected. In this respect, corresponds to an outer contour of the cavity receiving pins 30 with an inner contour of the cavities 24 of Furthermore, seat rail receiving pins 31 are provided, which are designed to be inserted into the seat rail construction 28 of the first profile element 17. In this respect, preferably corresponds to an outer contour of the seat rail receiving pins 31 an inner contour of the seat rail construction 28. This allows the seat rail construction 28 not only the lashing (attachment) of the object to be transported, but also contributes to the further stabilization of the cargo container 10 at. As a result, further material can be saved, which reduces the total weight. According to an independent idea, a cargo receiving device is proposed in which at least one connecting element for connecting two profile elements has at least one seat rail receiving pin which can be inserted into a seat rail construction of a (pultruded) profile element.

The bottom element 22 comprises a side wall web 32 which extends in the direction of (in the Fig. 6 and 7 not shown) sidewalls 12a to 12d extends. At a distal end 33 of the side wall web 32, a (horizontal) portion is provided with an arcuate groove 34 in order to attach the side walls 12a to 12d to the first profile element 17 can. The arcuate groove 34 is in the assembled state (see. Fig. 1 ) in the Seitenwandaufnahmenuten 27 of the first profile elements 17 via.

Fig. 9 shows the cross section of the second profile element 18, which is preferably used at all edges of the container (with the exception of the edges towards the bottom 14). The side walls 12a to 12d and the ceiling 13 can preferably be connected to the second profile elements by sliding (via a joining connection). Again, eliminates a complex connection process, such as by riveting.

The second profile element according to Fig. 9 includes a first side wall receiving groove 27a and a second side wall receiving groove 27b for connecting two side walls 12a to 12d or one of the side walls 12a to 12d to the ceiling 13. Also, the side wall receiving grooves 27a and 27b have a (round) round cross section and are suitable for receiving a bead of the side walls 12a to 12d and the ceiling 13, respectively. The cavity 25 of the second profile element 18 is (approximately) circular segment-shaped and has a recess 35 in the region of a circular arc. Also, the cross section of the second profile element depends in particular on the male loads, which may be different. In this respect, the cross section of the cavity 25 or the second profile element 18 may differ (from the in Fig. 9 shown form).

Fig. 10 shows a side corner element 23 in an oblique view. Fig. 11 shows the side corner element according to Fig. 10 in a side view. The side corner element 23 comprises three cavity receiving pins 36, which can be inserted into the corresponding cavities 25 of three second profile elements 18. In arcuate grooves 37 may optionally corner areas of the side walls 12a to 12d or the ceiling 13 are introduced. Another way to realize a corner connection is shown below. Overall, the side corner element 23 is formed as dreischenkliger angle.

Fig. 12 shows a section of a bottom 14 (bottom plate), which is mounted in a (partially shown) first profile element 17. The bottom 14 comprises a (round) edge bead 38, which is inserted into the bottom receiving groove 26 of the first profile element 17. As a result, (horizontal) loads can be recorded in a simple manner, which can arise during operation.

The bottom 14 comprises a first bottom layer 39, a second bottom layer 40 and a third bottom layer 41. The first (bottom) bottom layer 39 is preferably made of an aluminum alloy (in particular the 7075 series) and can provide sufficient support against transport rollers (PDU rollers). enable. Above the first bottom layer 39, the second bottom layer 40 may be made of fiber reinforced plastic (such as carbon fiber reinforced plastic and / or glass fiber reinforced plastic) and / or aramid and / or Kevlar. The second bottom layer 40 or also a third bottom layer 41 lying above the second bottom layer can form a (fine) braiding layer (iron braiding layer), in order to achieve an electromagnetic shielding, if required. Overall, more than three soil layers can be provided. A combination of several of the above-mentioned materials, in particular fiber materials is conceivable. The thickness of the bottom plate may be 1.5 to 4.5 mm, in particular (about) 3.2 mm. A bottom metal sheet (corresponding to the first bottom layer 39) may have a thickness of 0.5 to 1 mm, especially (about) 0.75 mm.

A bottom edge 42 has a bend 43 (towards an interior of the cargo container). As a result, a more favorable (flush) transition into the first profile element 17 can be achieved. Furthermore, a delamination of a metal support can be avoided if the transport rollers (PDU rollers) drive in operation over a corner edge of the floor. The bend 43 runs parallel to an inclined surface 44 of the first profile element 17. As in Fig. 12 In particular, the first bottom layer 39 (metal layer) can also be provided in the region of this inclined surface 44. It is also conceivable to provide the metal layer (first bottom layer 39) into the bottom-receiving groove 26. By such measures both a stable connection is achieved and a delamination (largely) prevented. One or more of the soil layers may be made of a fiber reinforced plastic containing at least a -45 degree / + 45 degree layer and a 0 degree / 90 degree layer. Reference line is an edge of the bottom 14 (ie in Fig. 12 a direction perpendicular to the plane of the drawing). The degree specifications refer to a mean orientation of the fibers within the fiber-reinforced plastics.

A basic structure of the side walls 12a to 12d and the ceiling 13 can (partial) Fig. 14 be removed. Fig. 13 shows a part of a manufacturing process for achieving the structure according to Fig. 14 ,

The side walls 12a to 12d and the ceiling 13 may be like a plan (or as a tarpaulin) and a bead 46 (see Fig. 14 ). The edge bead 45 runs at least partially around the side walls 12a to 12d and the ceiling 13 and can preferably be inserted into the bottom corner elements 22 or second profile element 18.

The (designed as tarpaulin) side walls 12a to 12d and the ceiling 13 may be made of a carbon fiber reinforced plastic, a glass fiber reinforced plastic, aramid and / or Kevlar. Other fiber composites are conceivable. In Fig. 14 are (apart from an area adjacent to the edge bead 45) formed three layers (there may be further layers provided), namely a first side wall layer 46, a second side wall layer 47 and a third side wall layer 48. Preferably, the second (middle) sidewall layer 47 formed as 0 degrees / 90 degrees position (relative to a side wall edge 49, the in Fig. 14 runs perpendicular to the plane) (it should be noted at this point that if in the following of a side wall or side wall edge or the like is mentioned, always the ceiling 13 and this associated elements may be meant, unless it is explicitly noted otherwise). The first sidewall layer 46 and the third sidewall layer 48 are preferably formed as -45 degrees / + 45 degrees plies. In Fig. 15 are shown by solid lines 67 by way of example the orientation of the -45 degrees / +45 degrees layers. Dashed lines 68 show the 0 degree / 90 degree plies.

The middle layer 47 is thus designed to transmit in particular (pure) tensile forces between the profile elements (17, 18). The first and third sidewall layers 46, 48 are preferably configured to support corner points of the sidewalls 12a to 12d (or ceiling 13) and to transmit tensile forces from corner to corner, respectively.

The side wall layers 46 to 48 may be 0.1 to 0.4 mm thick, in particular (about) 0.25 mm. The side walls 12a to 12d or ceiling 13 may have a total thickness of about 0.5 to 1 mm, preferably 0.75 mm. Even larger thicknesses (especially with correspondingly high weights) are conceivable.

Preferably, at least one of the three side wall layers 46 to 48 of aramid (Kevlar), in particular to achieve a high cut resistance of the side wall. As a result, the safety of the cargo receiving device is further increased. For example, no unauthorized person can (by simple means) insert a slot in the side walls 12a to 12d and insert a dangerous object (for example a bomb). In addition, it can be achieved by aramid (Kevlar) that the cargo receiving device is even more stable against damage (for example, in a collision with a forklift or the like).

Basically, the side walls 12a to 12d and the ceiling 13 are formed such that (in particular on the Randwülste 45) on the side wall edges 49 tensile forces can be absorbed by the first and second profile elements (which has the consequence that the pultruded profile elements not or only conditionally can be pulled apart and the structure of the frame of the freight container 10 is preserved. In particular, the combination of the special layer arrangement (0 degrees / 90 degree layers and -45 degrees / + 45 degrees layers) and the pultruded version of the profile elements allows a particularly lightweight, yet stable construction.

A design of the side walls 12a to 12d or ceiling 13 as a tarpaulin has the advantage that damage such as smaller holes can be relatively easily repaired with a piece of repair, which can be glued, for example.

In Fig. 13 a first part of a manufacturing process for the edge bead 45 is shown schematically. In a first step, a rod 50 is provided. The rod 50 may preferably be formed of fiber reinforced plastic (carbon fiber reinforced or glass fiber reinforced) and more preferably prepared in a pultrusion process. The rod may for example have a diameter of 1.5 to 2.5 mm. The rod 50 is connected (preferably integrally) to lugs 51 (as longitudinally extending portions of the rod, in particular planar sections). Preferably, the rod 50 and the lugs 51 may be pultruded in a common pultrusion process. This considerably simplifies the manufacturing process. According to an independently claimed thought, a rod for forming a peripheral bead of a sidewall (or ceiling or floor) may thus be pultruded with two tabs extending along the rod. The lugs 51 may be at an angle of (approximately) 45 to 60 degrees to each other.

• Einbringen der ersten Seitenwandschicht 46 (nicht in Fig. 13 zu sehen) auf das erste Formwerkzeug 45;
• Einlegen des Stabes 50 mit den Fahnen 51 zwischen das erste Formwerkzeug 54 und das zweite Formwerkzeug 56;
• Einbringen der zweiten Seitenwandschicht 47 auf die (untere) Fahne 51 bzw. zwischen die Fahnen 51;
• Einbringen der dritten Seitenwandschicht 48 (nicht in Fig. 13 zu sehen) zwischen das zweite Formwerkzeug 56 und den Stab 50 mit Fahnen 51;
• Zufahren der Form 52 bzw. Gegeneinanderführen des ersten Formwerkzeugs 54 und des zweiten Formwerkzeugs 56;
• optionale Wärmebeaufschlagung zum Verbinden der Seitenwandschichten 46 bis 48.

The rod 50 with the flags 51 can be inserted into a mold 52. In the mold 52 can already more sidewall layers (in Fig. 13 the side wall layer 47 can be seen) are inserted. Preferably (not in Fig. 13 can be seen) at least one sidewall layer are arranged on an inner surface 53 of a first mold 54 and an inner surface 55 of a second mold 56. A preferred process sequence may then be as follows:

• Inserting the first sidewall layer 46 (not in FIG Fig. 13 seen) on the first mold 45;
• Inserting the rod 50 with the tabs 51 between the first mold 54 and the second mold 56;
• Introducing the second side wall layer 47 onto the (lower) lug 51 or between the lugs 51;
• Inserting the third sidewall layer 48 (not in FIG Fig. 13 seen) between the second mold 56 and the bar 50 with lugs 51;
• Retracting the mold 52 and respectively guiding the first mold 54 and the second mold 56 against each other;
• optional heat application for bonding sidewall layers 46-48.

One or more of these steps may be omitted. When closing the mold 52, the lugs 51 are compressed and the rod 50 (load-bearing) connected to the side wall 12a to 12d or the ceiling 13.

For example, before inserting the third side wall layer 48, a corner plate can still be introduced in a corner region (see below).

The 15 to 18 show an attachment of the side walls 12a to 12d or the ceiling 13 to a corner region 57 (see Fig. 15 ) of the frame. In a Seitenwandeckbereich 58 is a corner plate 59 (see Fig. 16 ) brought in. The corner plates 59 may, for example, have a triangular or quadrangular plan view and / or have a thickness of (approximately) 1 to 4 mm, preferably 2 to 3 mm. The corner plates 59 may optionally be attached to the bottom corner elements 22 or side corner elements 23 by screws and / or rivets.

The recessed corner plates 59 in the side walls 12a to 12d or the ceiling 13 may optionally divert forces by -45 degrees / + 45 degrees so that the frame 11 of the freight container 10 can not shift obliquely (as in the case of known structural structures, for example) for bridges or ceilings). By different layer directions (-45 degrees / + 45 degrees and 0 degrees / 90 degrees) can be achieved with low material or weight expenditure, a high-strength construction, which loads directly by (pure) Tensile forces on the side walls or the ceiling in the frame 11 (and vice versa) passes. Also, a replacement of a damaged side wall or ceiling is easily possible, as can be dispensed with fixed connections, such as rivets, and the side walls or the ceiling in large parts just from the profile elements must be pulled (and, if necessary, must be unscrewed at the corners) , The plug-in construction of the frame 11 according to the invention further facilitates such an exchange.

The corner plates 59 can either be a (prefabricated) plastic part (optionally comprising a fiber component) or a metal part (for example made of an aluminum alloy), in particular metal stamped part. Here, too, attention can be paid (in the case of the connection of a metal part, in particular aluminum part) to a corrosion protection, in particular when using carbon fiber reinforced plastic. In the corner plates 59 can already holes 60 (see Fig. 16 ) be prefabricated. These holes 60 may have a (comparatively high) edge break 61 (on one or both opposite outer surfaces of the corner plate 59). Preferably, the corner plate tapers toward a center of the respective side wall 12a-12d or ceiling 13, in particular to provide a stable (flush) transition from the approximately 2 to 3 mm thick plate to the (approximately) 0.75 thick tarpaulin.

A mold for making the connection of the respective side wall 12a-12d or ceiling 13 with the corner plate 59 may comprise a pin having a cone-shaped portion for material of one of the sidewall layers 46-48, particularly the first sidewall layer 46 and / or the third sidewall layer 48 in FIG the holes 60 and their edge fractures 61 press into it (see Fig. 16 ). For this purpose, it is necessary to position the corner plate 49 as accurately as possible in the production form. The first side wall layer 46 and the third side wall layer 48 can be pressed when closing the mold in a limited by the edge break 61 lowering 62 (obliquely downwards). The fibers should not be destroyed, but are formed around the bore 60 around.

In the clipping according to Fig. 17 are still details of a screw with a screw 63 and a nut 64 can be seen. Both the screw 63 and the nut 64 have a (comparatively large) flange portion 65 (the flange portions 65 need not be provided simultaneously). Overall points the screw 63 an enlarged head 66, which may be adapted to the first edge break 61. The first sidewall layer 46 is bent inwardly by the manufacturing process previously described. Accordingly, the third side wall layer 48 is bent inward in the region of the associated edge break 61. Overall, an improved and clearly defined force flow in the corner region 57 can be achieved by the present construction.

Fig. 18 shows a schematic oblique view of a side corner element 23 with a section of a side wall 12a, a side wall 12b and the ceiling 13. The side walls 12a, 12b and the ceiling 13 are connected via corresponding corner plates 59 with the side corner element 23. The corner plates 59 have a triangular plan and are connected via a plurality of (three) screws 63 with the side walls 12a, 12b and the ceiling 13 on the one hand and the side corner element 23 on the other. According to the schematic drawing Fig. 17 the corner plates 59 are arranged above the side walls 12a, 12b and the ceiling 13. In a preferred embodiment, however, the corner plates 59 in the side walls 12a, 12b and the ceiling 13 (at least partially) introduced (see. 15 to 17 ).

Fig. 19 shows sections of a first profile element 17 and the bottom member 14 according to a second embodiment (in cross section). The bottom element 14 according to Fig. 19 is multi-layered. The profile element 17 is (in terms of its shape) as the profile element according to Fig. 4-6 educated.

The bottom 14 consists of two (multi-layered) layers, which are folded at the bottom edge 42, so that they lie one above the other. The bottom edge 42 has a (upwardly projecting) edge bead 45. The edge bead 45 has a length L and a width B. The length L is greater than the width B (about 1.2 times as large). The edge bead 38 has (in cross-section) on a circular arc portion 69, which corresponds to a circular arc portion 70 of the bottom receiving groove 26 of the profile element 17. Opposite the circular arc section 69, the cross section of the edge bead 38 has a projection 71 which serves to move the edge bead 38 or the bottom edge 42 into the bottom receiving groove 26 (during one rotation). A section adjoining a distal end of the circular arc section 69 is planar. As a result, the edge bead 38 be kept comparatively narrow so that it can be inserted into the Bodenaufnahmenut 26. As a result, the connection of floor element and profile element is simplified. If now the edge bead 38 (translationally) moved along an arrow 72 in the Bodenelementaufnahmenut 26, resulting in the relative position of the profile element and bottom element, as in Fig. 20 is shown. If bottom element 14 and profile element 17 are now rotated against each other (see Fig. 20 and 21 ), the edge bead hooks 38 in the Bodenaufnahmenut 26. The bead 38 thus forms a hook. The rotation angle between the position according to Fig. 20 and Fig. 21 is (about) 40-70 degrees. In the end position according to Fig. 21 Floor surfaces of profile element 17 and bottom element 14 are aligned or are parallel to one another.

Fig. 22 shows a schematic oblique view of another embodiment of a corner element. The bottom corner element 73 is analogous to the bottom corner element 22 according to FIG Fig. 7 and 8th for connection (by plugging) formed with two first profile elements 17. For this purpose, two cavity receiving pins 30 are formed, to each of which a cavity of the first profile element 17 (see. Fig. 6 ) can be infected. An outer contour of the cavity receiving pins 30 corresponds to an inner contour of the cavities 24 of the first profile elements 17. In contrast to the embodiment according to FIG Fig. 7 and 8th is in the embodiment according to Fig. 22 no Sitzschienenaufnahmestift 31 (this can also in the embodiment according to Fig. 7 and 8th omitted and / or in the embodiment according to Fig. 22 be provided). A third cavity receiving pin 74 is provided to engage with a second profile member 18 (see FIG Fig. 9 ) to be connected via a plug connection. For this purpose, the outer contour of the third cavity receiving pin 74 is formed corresponding to the inner contour of the cavity 25 of the second profile element 18 (see Fig. 9 ). the bottom corner element 73 according to Fig. 22 has a plurality of bores 75 into which pins (or screws or the like) can be inserted to connect (e.g., diagonal) straps or other elements of the cargo container to the bottom corner element 73.

Fig. 23 shows a further embodiment of a bottom corner element or end corner element 76. The end corner element 76 corresponds to the bottom corner element 73 according to Fig. 22 with the difference that the bottom corner element 76 has no cavity receiving pins 30. However, the cavity receiving pin 74 for receiving the second profile element 18 is provided. The Bodeneckelement 76 is thus in contrast to the Bodeneckelement 73 according to Fig. 22 not suitable for the production of a plug connection to a first profile element 17.

In a specific embodiment of the freight container are three bottom corner elements 73 according to Fig. 22 in front and a bottom corner element 76 according to FIG Fig. 23 , As a result, a peripheral frame can be realized in a simple manner, which can be constructed entirely without gluing or screwing or the like. Sufficient stability is still ensured (although the holes 75 or corresponding support elements, such as diagonal straps can contribute).

It should be noted at this point that all the above-described parts taken alone and in any combination, in particular the details shown in the drawings are claimed as essential to the invention. Variations thereof are familiar to the person skilled in the art.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

10

cargo container

11

frame

12a to 12d

Side wall

13

blanket

14

ground

15

oblique section

16

vertical section

17

first profile element

18

second profile element

19

bottom frame

20

side frame

21

ceiling frame

22

Bodeneckelement

23

Seiteneckelement

24

cavity

25

cavity

26

Bodenaufnahmenut

27, 27a, 27b

Seitenwandaufnahmenut

28

Seat rail construction

29

hook

30

Cavity recording pen

31

Seat track recording pen

32

Side wall ridge

33

distal end

34

arcuate groove

35

recess

36

Cavity recording pen

37

arcuate groove

38

Edge bead (hook)

39

first soil layer

40

second soil layer

41

third soil layer

42

bottom edge

43

bent-up

44

sloping surface

45

bead

46

first sidewall layer

47

second sidewall layer

48

third sidewall layer

49

Sidewall edge

50

Rod

51

Banner, flag

52

shape

53

palm

54

first mold

55

palm

56

second mold

57

corner

58

Seitenwandeckbereich

59

corner

60

drilling

61

chamfer

62

lowering

63

screw

64

mother

65

flange

66

head

67

line

68

lines

69

Arc section

70

Arc section

71

head Start

72

arrow

73

Corner

74

Third cavity pick-up pin

75

drilling

76

End Corner

Claims (9)

1. A cargo holding device, namely a cargo container (10) for loading aircrafts, comprising at least one floor element (14) as well as at least one profile element (17) connected to the floor element (14),
   wherein at least one edge portion (42) of the floor element is releasably connected to the at least one profile element (17) via a connecting means comprising at least one hook (38),
   wherein at least one wall element having at least an additional wall layer and four wall corners is provided,
   characterized in that reinforcements extend from all of the four wall corners to the respective diagonally opposite wall corner such that a cross-shaped reinforcement is formed as a whole, wherein the at least one reinforcement is realized by a local increase in the number of layers.
2. The cargo holding device according to claim 1,
   characterized in that
   the connecting means comprises at least one groove (26) and at least one tongue (38).
3. The cargo holding device according to any one of the preceding claims, in particular according to claim 2,
   characterized in that
   a cross-section of the groove (26) and/or the tongue (38) is round, in particular circular, at least in sections.
4. The cargo holding device according to claim 2 or 3,
   characterized in that
   the tongue (38) and/or groove (26) is (are) asymmetrical in such a way that the tongue (38) can be inserted into the groove (26) at a predetermined first relative angle to the groove (26) and is in hooked engagement with the groove (26) at a predetermined second relative angle.
5. The cargo holding device according to any one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that
   a cross-section of the groove (26), apart from a groove opening, is circular and/or a cross-section of the tongue (39) has a length L in a longitudinal direction and a width B in a width direction, wherein the longitudinal direction L is perpendicular to the width direction, wherein the length L is greater than the width B.
6. The cargo holding device according to any one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that
   a cross-section of the tongue (38) has a circular arc section and comprises a rotation supporting projection (71) vis-à-vis the circular arc section.
7. The cargo holding device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that
   at least one floor element edge portion of the floor element (14) and/or at least one profile element edge portion of the profile element (17), which profile element edge portion is facing the floor element edge portion, is hook-shaped in cross-section.
8. The cargo holding device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that
   at least one floor element edge portion of the floor panel is bent inward and/or a profile element edge portion facing the floor element edge portion of the floor panel is beveled downward toward the floor panel.
9. The cargo holding device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that
   the floor element (14) is manufactured, at least in sections, from fiber-reinforced plastic, comprising carbon fiber or glass fiber.

Images