EP2712985B1 - Procédé de création d'une tour, notamment une tour d'éolienne - Google Patents

Procédé de création d'une tour, notamment une tour d'éolienne Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2712985B1
EP2712985B1 EP12186525.7A EP12186525A EP2712985B1 EP 2712985 B1 EP2712985 B1 EP 2712985B1 EP 12186525 A EP12186525 A EP 12186525A EP 2712985 B1 EP2712985 B1 EP 2712985B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tower
lifting devices
accordance
lifting
elements
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP12186525.7A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP2712985A1 (fr
Inventor
Christoph Gipperich
Frank Wolff
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Hochtief Solutions AG
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Hochtief Solutions AG
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hochtief Solutions AG filed Critical Hochtief Solutions AG
Priority to EP12186525.7A priority Critical patent/EP2712985B1/fr
Publication of EP2712985A1 publication Critical patent/EP2712985A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2712985B1 publication Critical patent/EP2712985B1/fr
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
    • E04H12/00—Towers; Masts or poles; Chimney stacks; Water-towers; Methods of erecting such structures
    • E04H12/34—Arrangements for erecting or lowering towers, masts, poles, chimney stacks, or the like
    • E04H12/344—Arrangements for lifting tower sections for placing additional sections under them

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for creating a tower, in particular a tower for a wind turbine, wherein the tower is composed of a plurality of stacked tower elements.
  • a rotor with nacelle and rotor blades is arranged at the upper end of the tower or in the region of the upper end of the tower.
  • the wind energy can be converted into electrical energy with such a rotor.
  • the invention also relates to the creation of a wind turbine.
  • WO 2010/129 642 A2 a method of the type mentioned is known.
  • first a two-dimensional foundation foundation is created and on the foundation foundation is a plurality of lifting devices arranged. At least a part of the lifting devices is fixed to a first tower element and this first tower element is then lifted by means of these lifting devices.
  • a second tower element is arranged below the first tower element and at least a part of the lifting devices is fixed to the second tower element. The aggregate of the first and the second tower element is then raised by means of the lifting devices. The reliability of this process leaves much to be desired.
  • the invention is based on the technical problem of specifying a method of the type mentioned, with which a tower, in particular a tower for a wind turbine with the least possible effort and functionally reliable can be made.
  • the invention teaches a method for constructing a tower, in particular a tower for a wind turbine, wherein the tower is composed of a plurality of stacked tower elements, wherein initially a planar foundation foundation is produced, wherein a plurality of lifting devices is displaceable or displaceable on the foundation foundation, in particular in the horizontal direction or essentially in the horizontal direction, wherein at least a part of the lifting devices is fixed to a first tower element arranged on the foundation foundation and this first tower element is subsequently lifted by means of these lifting devices, after which a second tower element is placed below the first tower element on the foundation foundation, at least a part of the lifting devices being fixed to the second tower element and the assembly of the first and second tower elements subsequently being lifted by means of a part of the lifting devices and preferably then a third tower element below the aggregate of the first and the second tower element is placed on the foundation foundation, etc.
  • a foundation foundation plate is used as a foundation foundation, which preferably consists of reinforced concrete.
  • the founding foundation is suitably not only suitable for the construction of the tower, but also suitable for the later inclusion of the entire structure or the entire wind turbine.
  • the foundation foundation thus forms according to a preferred embodiment, the foundation of a wind turbine to be created.
  • the tower elements consist of concrete or substantially of concrete and in one embodiment of reinforced concrete or substantially of reinforced concrete. But you can also consist of a different material, such. As steel or a combination of materials such. B. steel composite.
  • the method described above or in claim 1 for the first and the second tower element also analogously to the second and the third tower element and preferably also to the third and fourth tower element and recommended further to be connected to each other tower elements is. - If a tower element is arranged below a raised tower element or if a second tower element below the first tower element is arranged, at least a part of the lifting devices is released from the first tower element and expediently fixed to the underlying tower element or on the second tower element.
  • all lifting devices or at least the largest part of the lifting devices are displaceable or movable within the scope of the method according to the invention.
  • the invention is based on the finding that due to the displaceability or movability of the lifting devices a very flexible and rapid creation of a tower, in particular a tower for a wind turbine is possible. Especially when a conical tower is to be created with upwardly decreasing diameter of the tower elements, the displaceability or movability of the lifting devices is of particular advantage.
  • a plurality of guide rails is fixed in or on the foundation foundation and at least a part of the lifting devices is displaceable or movable on the guide rails.
  • at least a part of the guide rails is arranged in a star shape or oriented radially outwardly from the center of the foundation foundation. It is within the scope of the invention that the guide rails are arranged distributed around a point or center and would intersect at a corresponding extension in this point or center. Preferably, these guide rails are linear and protrude from the point or midpoint radially outward.
  • each lifting device is arranged on a steel element which can be moved in a guide rail.
  • the lifting devices are thus radially displaceable or movable or with respect to a point of the foundation foundation on the foundation foundation radially displaceable or movable. It recommends itself that all lifting devices on the preferred or in the preferred guide rails are displaced or moved.
  • a very preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention is characterized in that hydraulic lifting cylinders are used as lifting devices.
  • hydraulic lifting cylinders are used as lifting devices.
  • 4 to 64, preferably 6 to 32 and particularly preferably 8 to 16 lifting devices or hydraulic lifting cylinders are used.
  • all these lifting devices or lifting cylinders are displaceable or movable and in particular with respect to a (point or center of the foundation foundation radially displaceable or movable.
  • a recommended embodiment of the method according to the invention is characterized in that a tower for a wind power layer is created, wherein first a nacelle for this wind turbine is lifted by means of at least a portion of the lifting devices or lifting cylinder and deposited on the first tower element. Subsequently, the first tower element together with the nacelle is expediently raised with the aid of at least part of the lifting devices or lifting cylinders. Thereafter, the second tower element is arranged below the first tower element, etc.
  • the nacelle as part of a wind turbine already components such as parts of the rotor - z. B. rotor hub - and / or parts of the generator contains. It is also within the scope of the invention that the nacelle by means of a support device on which the lifting devices or lifting cylinder act, is raised.
  • an adapter element is present, the preferably consists of steel or it is in the adapter element to a concrete element with a steel plate or with a steel head plate. With the aid of the adapter element a positive and / or non-positive connection between the nacelle or the rotor and the first tower element is expediently realized.
  • the tower elements are hollow tower elements inside.
  • the tower elements are designed as annular or cylindrical tower elements.
  • these annular or cylindrical tower elements are composed of at least two partially annular or partially cylindrical tower segments. The construction of the tower thus takes place, so to speak, in a tubbing construction known from tunnel construction.
  • the tower elements are conical and preferably taper in the installed state from bottom to top. Conveniently, the tower elements have a circular cross-section.
  • the tower elements are composed of two tower segments formed as half-shells or of more part-ring-shaped or partially cylindrical tower segments.
  • the tower segments are combined as prefabricated segments on site to the tower elements. It is recommended that the tower segments are made of concrete or substantially concrete and in particular reinforced concrete or substantially of reinforced concrete. In principle, however, they can also consist of a different material, such as steel or a combination of materials, such as. B. steel composite.
  • the tower segments combined with the tower elements are braced radially. This can be achieved for example by screwing the tower segments together or with the help of guided in clamping channels clamping elements.
  • a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention is characterized in that the lifting devices or the lifting cylinders for lifting or manipulating the tower elements engage with at least one support element in each case in a guide element present on the tower element or on the tower segment.
  • each lifting device or each lifting cylinder has such a support element, with which it can engage in a guide device of a tower element or tower segment.
  • the support element is preferably a pin or carrier or a pin-like or carrier-like element, which is expediently arranged transversely to the longitudinal axis of the lifting device or substantially transversely to the longitudinal axis of the lifting device.
  • the guide devices are expediently recesses in the tower segments, which can be continuous (opening) or remain closed on the outside (pockets).
  • These guide means are provided according to an embodiment at the upper end and / or at the lower end of a tower segment.
  • the terms upper end and lower end refer to the assembled state of the tower segments or tower elements. It is recommended that the support elements of the lifting devices or the lifting cylinder engage positively in the guide means of the tower segments.
  • the tower elements are hollow on the inside.
  • the provided for receiving the support elements of the lifting device guide means of a tower element are arranged or formed so that the support elements of the lifting devices can be inserted from the inside of the inside hollow or cylindrical tower element.
  • the guide devices are distributed over the inner circumference of the tower elements or distributed at equal intervals.
  • the internal arrangement or accessibility of the guide means brings with it special advantages for the method according to the invention.
  • further tower segments can be fed radially without problems radially under the lifting devices already raised tower elements and combined to form a further tower element. Due to the internal arrangement of the guide means and the corresponding arrangement of the lifting devices, the lifting devices do not interfere with this creation of another tower element.
  • a particularly recommended embodiment of the invention is characterized in that after the arrangement of a (second) tower element on the foundation foundation below a (first) with the lifting devices or lifting cylinders raised tower element initially only a first part of the raised (first) tower element fixed Lifting devices is released from the raised (first) tower element and is fixed to the lower (second) tower element and that only after force-locking connection of the raised (first) tower element with the lower (second) tower element, a second part of the raised (first) tower element fixed lifting devices is released from the raised (first) tower element and is preferably fixed to the lower (second) tower element.
  • all lifting devices or lifting cylinders are fixed to the lower (second) tower element for lifting.
  • This procedure has the advantage that the second part of the lifting devices or lifting cylinder initially still remains non-positively in the upper or first tower element in order to accommodate any occurring tensile loads from wind loads or the like. Only when the first part of the lifting devices or lifting cylinder frictionally and preferably positively intervened in the lower or second tower element and when the upper or first tower element was positively connected to the lower or second tower element, the still connected in the upper or first tower element lifting devices or lifting cylinders are released and also driven down.
  • the lifting devices or lifting cylinders are expediently designed so that they can absorb both compressive forces and tensile forces alternately. It is, moreover, within the scope of the invention that the lifting devices or lifting cylinders are anchored in the foundation foundation.
  • Wind loads or the like can lead to tensile loads on the lifting devices or the lifting cylinders, which exceed the pressure load from the weight of the lifted tower elements. These must be picked up and discharged into the foundation by the lifting devices or lifting cylinders are able to receive alternating tensile and compressive loads.
  • the weight of the tower elements to be lifted is still relatively small compared to the total tower weight. Therefore, in the initial phase, only a part of the lifting devices or lifting cylinders can be used for lifting.
  • the stacked tower elements are clamped together in the longitudinal direction of the tower. Furthermore, it is within the scope of the invention that the tower segments of a tower element are radially clamped together.
  • a recommended embodiment is characterized in that the measures provided for the support elements of the lifting devices or lifting cylinder guide means for radial clamping of the tower segments of a tower element and / or for the tension of the stacked tower elements in the longitudinal direction of the tower.
  • arranged on the tower elements guide means advantageously fulfill an additional function.
  • the tensions preferably take place with the aid of tensioning elements, in particular with tensioning elements made of steel, which are recommended to be fixed on or in the guide devices or engage in the guide devices.
  • the lifting devices or the lifting cylinders are controlled away. In this way, an exact vertical lifting of the tower elements is guaranteed and suddenly occurring load changes as a result of gusts of wind or the like. can be compensated.
  • the tower segments have an outer frame and an inner recess surrounded by the frame.
  • a frame consists of four interconnected struts.
  • the tower segments or the frame is advantageously made of concrete or reinforced concrete. It has been proven that the recess arranged in the frame occupies at least 50% of the area of a tower segment.
  • the recesses realized in this embodiment enable a static optimization or a weight optimization for the tower produced according to the invention.
  • the tower with the recesses described above on a the outer recesses covering the recesses which may consist in particular of steel or plastic.
  • the invention is based on the finding that with the method according to the invention a particularly simple and inexpensive construction of a tower, in particular a tower of a wind turbine is possible.
  • the inventive method is basically without the help of cranes and / or guying, which require a considerable effort or cost in known from the prior art method.
  • the method according to the invention can be carried out with relatively little effort and in so far as the energy consumption is advantageously relatively low.
  • Loads, especially wind loads or the like during the construction phase can be effectively and reliably intercepted or compensated.
  • the space required which is largely determined by the arrangement of large cranes in the known methods, significantly reduced.
  • the influence on the environment, especially when setting up wind turbines in nature reserves, forests or similar. minimized.
  • the figures show schematically method steps of the inventive method for creating a tower for a wind turbine.
  • the tower is composed of a plurality of tower elements 1 arranged one above the other.
  • foundation foundation plate 2 made of reinforced concrete.
  • This foundation foundation plate 2 expediently forms the foundation for the entire wind turbine.
  • a plurality of guide rails 3 is fixed.
  • these guide rails 3 are arranged in a star shape and point radially outward from the center of the foundation foundation plate 2 (FIG. Fig. 1 ).
  • FIG. 3 A comparative consideration of Figures 3 and 4 can be removed, that then in a further process step preferably a nacelle 6 is supplied for a not-shown rotor of the wind turbine and is equipped with a support means 7. Then, the support means 7 including gondola 6 is raised by means of the lifting cylinder 5 ( Fig. 4 ).
  • a first tower element 1 is expediently assembled below the gondola 6 or below the carrying device 7.
  • an adapter element 8 made of steel is arranged between the nacelle 6 and the first tower element 1.
  • the tower elements 1 are formed as annular or cylindrical tower elements 1 and are combined or assembled from partially cylindrical tower segments 9.
  • the tower segments 9 and the tower elements 1 consist of concrete or reinforced concrete.
  • the tower segments 9 are delivered as finished parts and on site or at the construction site to the tower elements. 1 combined ( Fig. 5 . 6 . 7 ).
  • gondola 6, adapter element 8 and tower element 1 are connected to each other in a force-locking manner by suitable means.
  • the lifting cylinders 5 are recommended to grip in a shut down position ( Fig. 8 ) with support elements 10 in guide means 11 of the tower segments 9 and the tower elements 1 a.
  • the support elements 10 are arranged transversely to the longitudinal axis of the lifting cylinder 5.
  • the support elements 10 engage positively in the guide means 11 of the tower elements 1.
  • the lifting cylinder 5 go upwards and thereby lift the gondola unit 6, adapter element 8 and the first tower element 1 ( Fig. 9 ).
  • the guide devices 11 of a tower element 1 are arranged on the inside of the hollow or cylindrical tower elements 1.
  • FIGS. 12 to 14 show the already assembled state of the second tower element 1 '.
  • further lifting cylinders 5 or, in the exemplary embodiment, four further lifting cylinders 5 are preferably used ( Fig. 12 ).
  • the four first lifting cylinders 5 are still in engagement with the upper first tower element 1, while the newly added four lifting cylinders 5 are brought into engagement with the lower second tower element 1 '( Fig. 13 ).
  • FIGS. 15a to 15k show inventive method steps in a developed state of the tower elements.
  • Fig. 15a shows the combined state of the first tower element 1 and in this phase, the lifting cylinders 5 are shut down and engage with their support members 10 in guide means 11 of the first tower element 1 a.
  • Guide means 11 are arranged both at the upper edge and at the lower edge of the tunnel elements 1.
  • the lifting cylinder 5 are extended and the Fig. 15b shows this raised state of the first tower element 1.
  • the second tower element 1 'below the first raised tower element 1 is combined ( Fig. 15c ).
  • Fig. 15d shows that these clamping elements preferably and in the embodiment also in the guide means 11 of the tower elements 1, 1 'engage.
  • the guide means 11 thus meet recommended a double function as engagement elements for the lifting cylinder 5 on the one hand and as engaging or attacking elements for the clamping elements 12 on the other.
  • Fig. 15e come four more lifting cylinders 5 are used, which in the lowered state in lower guide means 11 of the lower second tower element 1 'engage.
  • the first four lifting cylinders 5 are brought out of engagement with the upper first tower element 1 and also brought into engagement with the guide means 11 of the lower second tower element 1 ', as shown in the Fig. 15f is shown.
  • the Fig. 15g shows that the unit of the first and the second tower element 1, 1 'is raised with all eight lifting cylinders 5.
  • a third tower element 1 "is assembled and this third tower element 1" is in the Fig. 15h shown.
  • only four lifting cylinders 5 are initially shut down ( Fig. 15i ), while the other four lifting cylinders 5 are still in engagement with the second tower element 1 '.
  • the lower third tower element 1 is clamped vertically with the second tower element 1 'arranged above it, likewise with the aid of clamping elements 12 which engage in the guide devices 11 of the third tower element 1" on the one hand and the second tower element 1' on the other hand ( Fig. 15j ). Only then are the other four lifting cylinders 5 shut down again and brought into engagement with the lower guide means 11 of the third tower element 1 "( Fig. 15k ). Following this, the entire aggregate of the three tower elements 1, 1 ', 1 "is then raised with the aid of all lifting cylinders 5. However, this was no longer shown in the figures.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Wind Motors (AREA)

Claims (15)

  1. Procédé d'érection d'une tour, en particulier une tour pour éolienne, dans lequel la tour est composée d'une pluralité d'éléments de tour superposés (1),
    dans lequel dans lequel on réalise d'abord une fondation de bases superficielle, sachant qu'une pluralité de dispositifs de levage peuvent être décalés ou déplacés sur la fondation de base, qu'au moins une partie des dispositifs de levage est fixée sur un premier élément de tour (1) et que ce premier élément de tour (1) est ensuite soulevé à l'aide de ces dispositifs de levage,
    dans lequel un deuxième élément de tour (1') est disposé en-dessous du premier élément de tour (1), au moins une partie des dispositifs de levage étant fixée sur le deuxième élément de tour (1') et l'ensemble composé des premier et deuxième éléments de tour étant ensuite soulevé à l'aide du dispositif de levage et un troisième élément de tour (1") étant ensuite disposé sous l'ensemble composé du premier élément de tour (1) et du deuxième élément de tour (1') etc.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, dans lequel une pluralité de rails de guidage (3) sont fixés dans ou sur la fondation de base, dans lequel au moins une partie des dispositifs de levage peut être décalée ou déplacée sur les rails de guidage (3).
  3. Procédé selon une des revendications 1 ou 2, dans lequel on utilise comme dispositif de levage des vérins de levage (5).
  4. Procédé selon une des revendications 1 à 3, dans lequel les dispositifs de levage ou les vérins de levage (5), de même que leurs ancrages, sont en mesure d'absorber des forces de traction.
  5. Procédé selon une des revendications 1 à 4, dans lequel on érige une tour pour éolienne, une gondole (6) est d'abord soulevée au moyen d'au moins une partie des dispositifs de levage et déposée sur le premier élément de tour (1') et dans lequel le premier élément de tour (1') est ensuite soulevé avec la gondole (6) au moyen d'au moins une partie des dispositifs de levage.
  6. Procédé selon une des revendications 1 à 5, dans lequel les éléments de tour (1) se présentent sous forme d'éléments de tour de forme cylindrique (1) et sont composés d'au moins deux segments de tour (9) en forme d'anneaux partiels ou de cylindres partiels.
  7. Procédé selon une des revendications 1 à 6, dans lequel les dispositifs de levage ou les vérins de levage (5), pour soulever ou manipuler les éléments de tour (1), s'engrènent avec au moins un élément support (10) dans un dispositif de guidage (11) d'un élément de tour (1) ou d'un segment de tour (9).
  8. Procédé selon la revendication 7, dans lequel les dispositifs de guidage (11) d'un élément de tour (1) sont introduits au niveau des faces intérieures des éléments de tour creux à l'intérieur ou de forme cylindrique (1) ou que les éléments supports (10) sont introduits depuis là.
  9. Procédé selon une des revendications 1 à 8, dans lequel, après la disposition d'un élément de tour (1') en-dessous un élément de tour (1) soulevé par les dispositifs de levage, d'abord simplement une première partie des dispositifs de levage fixés sur l'élément de tour soulevé (1) est détachée de l'élément de tour soulevé (1) et est fixée à l'élément de tour inférieur (1') et dans lequel, ensuite seulement, une deuxième partie des dispositifs de levage fixés à l'élément de tour soulevé (1) est détachée de l'élément de tour soulevé (1) puis ensuite fixée de préférence à l'élément de tour inférieur (1').
  10. Procédé selon une des revendications 1 à 9, dans lequel les éléments de tour superposés (1) sont serrés entre eux dans le sens longitudinal de la tour.
  11. Procédé selon une des revendications 1 à 10, dans lequel les segments de tour (9) d'un élément de tour (1) sont serrés radialement.
  12. Procédé selon une des revendications 7 à 11, dans lequel les dispositifs de guidage (11) prévus pour les dispositifs de levage, pour un serrage radial des segments de tour (9) d'un élément de tour (1) et/ou pour un serrage des éléments de tour superposés (1), sont insérés dans le sens longitudinal de la tour.
  13. Procédé selon une des revendications 1 à 12, dans lequel les segments de tour (9) présentent un cadre extérieur et un évidemment intérieur entouré par le cadre.
  14. Procédé selon la revendication 13, dans lequel la tour présente un habillage extérieur, constitué en particulier d'acier ou de plastique.
  15. Procédé selon une des revendications 1 à 14, dans lequel les dispositifs de levage ou les vérins de levage (5) sont écartés.
EP12186525.7A 2012-09-28 2012-09-28 Procédé de création d'une tour, notamment une tour d'éolienne Not-in-force EP2712985B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP12186525.7A EP2712985B1 (fr) 2012-09-28 2012-09-28 Procédé de création d'une tour, notamment une tour d'éolienne

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP12186525.7A EP2712985B1 (fr) 2012-09-28 2012-09-28 Procédé de création d'une tour, notamment une tour d'éolienne

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EP2712985A1 EP2712985A1 (fr) 2014-04-02
EP2712985B1 true EP2712985B1 (fr) 2015-11-25

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Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3130796B1 (fr) * 2014-04-01 2019-06-12 Nabrawind Technologies SL Système pour assembler un aérogénérateur et procédé suivi
WO2015177413A1 (fr) * 2014-05-19 2015-11-26 Soletanche Freyssinet Système d'assemblage et procédé d'assemblage d'une tour pour aérogénérateur
US9556636B2 (en) * 2014-06-27 2017-01-31 Tindall Corporation Method and apparatus for erecting tower with hydraulic cylinders
DE102022124557A1 (de) 2022-09-23 2024-03-28 Oehm Bauunternehmen GmbH & Co. KG System zur Handhabung von Bauteilen eines Turmbauwerks, und Verfahren zur Errichtung des Turmbauwerks

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10308239A1 (de) * 2003-02-25 2004-09-09 Tower Tec Gmbh & Co.Kg Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Errichtung einer Windenergieanlage
US20100281818A1 (en) * 2009-05-07 2010-11-11 Southworth George L Method for building wind turbine tower

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