EP2712981A1 - Asymmetric railing for building site - Google Patents

Abstract

The railing (1) has a frame forming a base (2) prolonged on sides of a balance axis and intended to cooperate removably with a plate to be assembled with an object in course of construction. The base is a part of the object to be built after assembly. A railing barrier (3) is arranged on a transverse plane in a plan of the base when the base is placed in a deployed position. Distribution of masses of various elements of the railing is envisaged such that the railing is approximately balanced around the balance axis when the railing is in the deployed position. An independent claim is also included for a method for assembling precasted concrete plates on a construction object.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to a railing, in particular for a construction site, composed of a frame forming a base intended to cooperate in a removable manner with a plate to be assembled to an object under construction and forming part, after assembly, of said object to build, and a guardrail barrier.

STATE OF THE PRIOR ART

The patent application EP0738809 proposes a temporary guardrail system for buildings consisting of tubular parts. The set is secured by fasteners on the adjacent floor.

The document FR2525263 describes a guardrail system in which the pre-slats are provided with tube holders adapted to mount the corresponding tubes of the railings.

The document FR 2911620 relates to a post with double fastening system for carrying out work at height during the construction of buildings, intended for peripheral protection. It consists of a room on which are attached railings.

The document FR2964996 concerns a railing positionable on a construction for the protection of the workers on the construction. The railing comprises at least one amount carrying at least two points of support capable of allowing the support of the railing on the construction.

All these different systems are relatively long to set up and dismantle, and require a large workforce.

Railings consisting of four barriers connected to each other so as to form a rectangle designed to surround the contour of a concrete plate to be installed are also known. When two plates must be arranged one after the other, the barrier blocks access from one plate to the other, greatly reducing the ergonomics of the work site. Moreover, the presence of four sides generates a relatively large weight, especially for metal railings. Finally, these railings are constructed in a single piece, and not removable. Thus, for transportation, it is generally useful to monopolize a truck to transport a single guardrail.

The document DE3803211 describes a guardrail for construction site. The guardrail presented requires counterweights to counterbalance the weight of the barrier. A risk of disconnection of these counterweights is important, which can lead to a fall of the barrier and a worker.

The document FR2667094 describes a device for protecting workers against falling from height, used on hollow core slabs. The device comprises a post with two folded sheets, two tubes sliding one inside the other and a rod with butterfly nut for locking (removable). It ensures the safety of the personnel, saving labor and material and decreasing the cost of the crane.

The configuration presented in this document requires a clamping of the clamps against the slab. In addition, the risk of slipping of the tongs is important. Finally, the slab is required to create the weight against weight.

To overcome these various disadvantages, the invention provides various technical means.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

First, a first object of the invention is to provide a method for transporting railings in a simple and economical way.

Another object of the invention is to provide an ergonomic railing, facilitating the establishment of prefabricated plates side by side, without hindering movement between two adjacent plates.

Another object of the invention is to provide a railing that can be placed on a prefabricated concrete plate without requiring attachment between the plate and the guardrail.

To do this, the invention provides a temporary railing, particularly for a construction site, composed of a frame forming a base extending on either side of an equilibrium axis (EE) and intended for removably cooperate with a plate to be assembled to an object under construction and forming part, after assembly, of said object to be constructed, and a railing barrier disposed in a plane substantially transverse to the plane of the base when placed in the deployed position, the distribution of the masses of the various elements of the railing being provided so that the latter is substantially balanced around the axis of equilibrium when the guardrail is in said extended position, the frame comprising Mass metal beams dimensioned to counterbalance the weight of the guardrail disposed opposite so that the guardrail can withstand a heavy load acting against the a barrier.

According to such a railing architecture, the concrete plate being installed is protected on only one of the long sides, thus creating an arrangement of two concrete plates duo without barrier between the two. The movements and manipulations between neighboring plates are thus facilitated. Given the limited space on this site, such a work environment with fewer obstacles can improve working comfort while improving occupant safety.

According to another advantageous embodiment, the barrier is movable between two extreme positions, namely a folded position, in which said barrier is positioned in a plane substantially parallel to that of the base in the vicinity thereof, and an extended position, wherein said barrier is positioned in a plane substantially perpendicular to that of the base.

DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

• la figure 1 est une vue de côté en élévation d'un exemple de garde-corps selon l'invention;
• la figure 2 est une vue de face de l'exemple de réalisation de la figure 1 ;
• la figure 3 montre une vue en perspective d'un exemple de garde-corps en position déployée ;
• la figure 4 montre une vue en perspective d'un exemple de garde-corps en position repliée ;
• la figure 5 montre une vue de côté d'un exemple de garde-corps en position repliée ;
• la figure 6 montre une vue de côté d'une pluralité de garde-corps en position repliée, posés les uns sur les autres ;
• la figure 7 montre une vue en perspective d'un exemple de garde-corps en position déployée, avec extension des portions télescopiques de la barrière et de la base ;
• la figure 8 montre une vue agrandie d'un des côtés de la base, en vue de côté, placée sur une plaque de béton, avec une plaque de fin de course placée contre le rebord de la plaque de béton ;
• la figure 9 montre une vue agrandie d'un des côtés de la base, en vue de côté, placée sur une plaque de béton, avec une plaque de fin de course en position escamotée du fait de la présence d'une plaque de béton de largeur supérieur à l'entraxe de la base ;
• la figure 10 illustre un ensemble garde-corps et plaque préfabriquée lors de l'installation de ce dernier sur des poutres de support d'un chantier en cours de construction ;
• la figure 11 illustre une pluralité de garde-corps repliés et empilés les uns sur les autres lors d'une phase de transport par camion.

All the details of realization are given in the description which follows, completed by the Figures 1 to 11 , presented solely for purposes of non-limiting examples, and in which:

• the figure 1 is a side elevational view of an example of railing according to the invention;
• the figure 2 is a front view of the embodiment of the figure 1 ;
• the figure 3 shows a perspective view of an example of railing in the deployed position;
• the figure 4 shows a perspective view of an example of a railing in the folded position;
• the figure 5 shows a side view of an example of a railing in the folded position;
• the figure 6 shows a side view of a plurality of guardrails in the folded position, placed one on top of the other;
• the figure 7 shows a perspective view of an example of railing in the deployed position, with extension of the telescopic portions of the barrier and the base;
• the figure 8 shows an enlarged view of one side of the base, in side view, placed on a concrete slab, with a limit plate placed against the edge of the concrete slab;
• the figure 9 shows an enlarged view of one of the sides of the base, in side view, placed on a concrete slab, with a limit plate in the retracted position due to the presence of a concrete slab of width greater than the center distance;
• the figure 10 illustrates a railing and prefabricated plate assembly during the installation of the latter on support beams of a construction site under construction;
• the figure 11 illustrates a plurality of railings folded and stacked on each other during a transport phase by truck.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The figure 1 illustrates a side elevational view of an exemplary embodiment of a railing 1 according to the invention in which a base 2 intended to be placed on a concrete plate to be installed on a structure or object under construction supports a guardrail barrier 3. The profile and dimensions of the base are adapted to the type and dimensions of the concrete slabs to be installed. In the example shown, the base is substantially elongated and rectangular. A virtual equilibrium axis EE (clearly visible in the figure 3 ) in the direction of the length of the base serves as a reference to check the dynamic balance of the railing 1. Indeed, the latter is arranged to be substantially balanced with respect to this axis EE. To do this, given the asymmetrical arrangement of the railing barrier 3, one or more counterweights are provided on the opposite side to the barrier with respect to the equilibrium axis EE. In the example shown in figure 1 , the counterweight consists of a beam sized to counterbalance the weight of the guardrail barrier placed at the opposite, so that everything is as balanced as possible. This balancing is desirable in all circumstances, but it is particularly advantageous when the guardrail is raised for transport or installation, as described below.

The railing is advantageously designed so as to be flexible between two positions, namely a folded position, as shown in FIGS. figures 4 , 5 and 6 , and an extended position, as shown in Figures 1 to 3 . In the deployed position, the railing is adapted for use as part of protection for people and objects present for example on a construction site, in order to avoid any fall or accident related to such falls.

In the folded position, the guardrail occupies a restricted volume and is thus better adapted to the transport phases, as shown in FIGS. figures 4 , 5 , 6 and 11 .

The transition from one mode to the other can be achieved in many ways, for example by mounting the barrier guard foldably against the base, or providing the barrier guardrail removable base.

A gate 5, preferably pivotally mounted, protects the end zone of the concrete plate. In addition, in the closed position, as shown in figures 1 and 3 , the gate forms a barrier substantially perpendicular to the railing barrier. Alternatively, as illustrated, the device may be provided with a gate at each of its end zones. Advantageously, the gate comprises a locking key, or other equivalent means, which allows to lock in a fixed position.

The base 2 and / or the railing barrier 3 are advantageously extensible. In the illustrated example, telescopic bars mounted at each end of the railing barrier can be adjusted to the desired length or completely retracted by sliding the two tubular portions into one another. A locking system such as ankle or any other known means locks the extensible portion to the desired length.

The various elements constituting the railing according to the invention are advantageously made of metal materials, preferably mass, so as to have a relatively large weight. In this way, a metal railing can be adapted to support a heavy load such as a worker losing the balance that would suddenly seize the barrier, or a building material flipping against the barrier, without the latter switches to the empty, opposite the concrete slab.

The figure 10 illustrates one of the key phases of the process of mounting precast concrete slabs on an object under construction. There is an assembly consisting of a concrete plate surmounted by a guardrail. The assembly is lifted by a conventional lifting means such as a construction crane. On the figure 10 , the set is about to be placed on support beams of a structure under construction.

Prior to this phase, the assembly was formed by placing a railing on a prefabricated plate. The guardrail barrier has been deployed. In the example illustrated, the two gates present have been positioned so as to protect the lateral zones of the ends.

After installation of the assembly, the cables (or any other means of attachment) are detached from the concrete plate. Work on site can then be continued where the secure plate has been placed.

Due to its balanced design, despite an asymmetrical architecture, the railing can be raised easily. In addition, the railing can remain in place even if it is placed without fixing to the plate. Such a type of arrangement makes it possible to carry out the laying and removal operations simply, quickly and efficiently. As can be seen at figure 10 , the balanced design is advantageously provided for a configuration in which the barrier is in the deployed position, so as to allow its deployment in place before it is raised and moved for installation.

The asymmetrical architecture, preferably with a barrier on only one of the two long sides, makes it possible to arrange two plates side by side with barriers arranged opposite to maintain easy and easy circulation between the two plates. Stakeholders then benefit from greater ease in their movements and movements.

Hooks (not shown) or other gripping means are provided on the prefabricated plate. These hooks are used to attach the plate with the lifting means to proceed with the installation of the concrete plate assembly surmounted by a guardrail at the location provided on the site.

The base 2 comprises zones or attachment means 8 such as perforated angle plates as illustrated in FIGS. figures 3 and 8 . Other means can also be used such as hooks, rings, etc. These attachment zones allow to attach the railing with the cables of a crane to raise the railing during the removal phase thereof, after installation of the pre-concrete slab. The attachment zones 8 can be made in different ways and provided in different places, insofar as the lifting can be done by maintaining the balance of all.

In a variant where the concrete slab is attached to the railing, the lifting operation of the railing assembly placed on a concrete slab can be carried out using the attachment zones 8 of the railing.

Variations:

Various embodiments, not illustrated in the figures, make it possible to modify or complete the modes of implementation previously described. For example, the counterweight in the form of solid bar previously described can be replaced or supplemented by one or more point counterweight placed at one or more attachment points or supports positioned at points allowing a balanced distribution of weight. A counterweight barrier of different shape and / or size of the guardrail barrier may be provided as a replacement for or in addition to other counterweight means.

Anti-slip means 6 are advantageously provided under the base, so as to increase the coefficient of friction between the guardrail and the concrete plate. For example, figures 1 , 8 and 9 , the anti-slip means consists of a rack that increases the coefficient of friction of the base frame on the base. In this way, the stability of the whole is well ensured, avoiding sliding of the guardrail on the plate carrying it.

The Figures 8 and 9 show a lateral blocking plate 7 of the railing on the concrete base. The plate or rod is retractable and located on the side portion at the end of the extensible portion of the frame. To the figure 8 , illustrating a cellular slab on which the guardrail is placed, the plate 7 is in the locking position, and acts as a stroke limiter to prevent undesired movement of the guardrail on the base. In this example, the alveolar slab 1 m wide is maintained on each side by plates 7 provided on either side of a railing of 1.22 meters in width. To the figure 9 a prefabricated concrete precast slab is excess width in relation to the railing. The plate or retractable rod is then in the retracted position, to avoid any positioning interference.

The figures and their descriptions made above illustrate the invention rather than limiting it. In particular, the invention and its various variants have just been described in connection with a particular example comprising a railing metal structure, and a prefabricated concrete plate, such as a pre-slab or alveolar slab.

Nevertheless, it is obvious to one skilled in the art that the invention can be extended to other embodiments in which, for example, there is provided for example a railing consisting of substantially light materials such as composite materials or wood . In such a case, it is advantageous to fix the railing to the concrete plate so as to avoid the risk of tipping. The guardrail and the method according to the invention can also be used with plates other than the pre-slabs or cellular slabs previously described. Furthermore, the guardrail according to the invention can also be used for laying slabs cast on site, and / or for any installation requiring securing height.

The reference signs in the claims are not limiting in nature. The verbs "understand" and "include" do not exclude the presence of elements other than those listed in the claims. The word "a" preceding an element does not exclude the presence of a plurality of such elements.

Claims (5)

Guardrail (1) temporary, particularly for construction site, consisting of a frame forming a base (2) extending on either side of an equilibrium axis (EE) and intended to cooperate in a manner removable device with a plate to be assembled to an object under construction and being part, after assembly, of said object to be constructed, and a railing barrier (3) disposed in a plane substantially transverse to the plane of the base (2 ) when placed in the extended position, the distribution of the masses of the various elements of the railing being provided so that the latter is substantially balanced around the axis of equilibrium when the guardrail is in said extended position, characterized in that the frame has mass metal beams sized to counterbalance the weight of the guardrail barrier (3) arranged opposite so that the guardrail can withstand a large load acting against e the barrier. A temporary railing according to claim 1, wherein the barrier is movable between two extreme positions, namely a folded position, wherein said barrier is positioned in a plane substantially parallel to that of the base in the vicinity thereof, and an extended position, wherein said barrier is positioned in a plane substantially perpendicular to that of the base. A temporary railing as claimed in claim 1, wherein the barrier is removable from the base. Temporary guardrail according to any one of claims 1 to 3, equipped with a gate (5) positionable in the end zone of the concrete plate, in a plane distinct from that of the barrier. A temporary railing as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the barrier is extensible.

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