EP2704836B1 - Mill and method of milling of material using this mill - Google Patents

Mill and method of milling of material using this mill Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2704836B1
EP2704836B1 EP11769784.7A EP11769784A EP2704836B1 EP 2704836 B1 EP2704836 B1 EP 2704836B1 EP 11769784 A EP11769784 A EP 11769784A EP 2704836 B1 EP2704836 B1 EP 2704836B1
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Prior art keywords
grinding
container
mill
mill according
grinding container
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EP11769784.7A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2704836A2 (en
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Michael Dvorak
Herman LEUTGÄB
Michael Lange
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Reishauer AG
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Reishauer AG
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C17/00—Disintegrating by tumbling mills, i.e. mills having a container charged with the material to be disintegrated with or without special disintegrating members such as pebbles or balls
    • B02C17/04—Disintegrating by tumbling mills, i.e. mills having a container charged with the material to be disintegrated with or without special disintegrating members such as pebbles or balls with unperforated container
    • B02C17/08—Disintegrating by tumbling mills, i.e. mills having a container charged with the material to be disintegrated with or without special disintegrating members such as pebbles or balls with unperforated container with containers performing a planetary movement

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a mill with a motor-driven grinding container and free-moving grinding media therein.
  • Such mills are used in particular for the fine grinding of mineral materials, for example for the production of nanoparticles or nanopowders from such materials.
  • the efficiency between the introduced energy and the energy actually used for breaking the ground material is unsatisfactory. This results in a high wear of the grinding media and the associated contamination of the ground material.
  • the poor efficiency can also have a high temperature development in the millbase, so that an active cooling of the millbase is required to avoid unwanted property changes or reactions of the ground material.
  • WO-A-2009/026990 there is disclosed a laboratory vibratory mill with skewed grinding crushers which are rotated about a vertical axis by a drive having a gearbox with a horizontally oriented plane of movement.
  • the Mahlbechers in relation to the plane of motion of the oscillating drive conditional trajectories of the grinding media in Mahlbecher the front Mahlbecherböden should be included as a stop and grinding surface in the crushing process.
  • the drive is designed with a three-dimensional action. It is thus given a relatively complicated construction with the respective inclined grinding bowl, in addition to that no optimal movements are effected on the grinding media.
  • the invention has for its object to avoid these disadvantages and to provide a mill of the type mentioned above, which is characterized by an efficient generation in particular of nanoparticles and by a good energy efficiency.
  • the invention further provides that the milling container, which can be rotated about its central axis, is rotated by the drive system of the mill about an axis arranged outside the container. This allows it to be moved in two dimensions with a simple drive. Its circular path is arranged in a horizontal plane. The two-dimensional movement thus takes place along the y-axis and the x-axis, whereby an up and down movement in the z-direction would also be possible.
  • the drive system comprises a bearing housing having a drive shaft and a rotary arm, one end of which is rotatably secured to the drive shaft and the other end carries the grinding container, said by means of a gear transmission relative to the rotating arm at the same speed and in opposite Direction of rotation as the turning arm is rotated.
  • This causes the grinding container during its rotation about the axis of rotation of the rotary arm at the same time remains unrotatable about its own central axis.
  • the cuboid grinding container is expediently formed with 85 ° to 95 ° amount inner angles. To simplify the production, it is advantageous if the grinding container has a rectangular cross-section, wherein the side walls may have a slight curvature toward the container center towards the container center.
  • the freely movable grinding media in the grinding container are designed according to the invention as grinding balls, which helps to minimize the friction losses during the grinding process. It is in the sense of an optimized Mahlclients advantageous if the grinding media have a multimodal size distribution. It may also be advantageous in this sense if the number of grinding balls is so dimensioned that their capacity corresponds to about 1/3 of the total contents of the grinding container.
  • the mill according to the invention is also distinguished by the fact that its mode of operation is easily adaptable to the grinding process provided in each case. In particular, it is easily possible to drive the grinding container at intervals and / or with alternating changes of direction.
  • the grinding container 1 for receiving the ground material is cuboid, with a bottom 2, side walls 3a to 3d and a lid 4, which is removable if necessary.
  • the grinding container 1 has flat walls and a rectangular cross-section and is driven by a drive system 5, which is composed of a bearing housing 6 with a drive shaft 7 and a rotary arm 8 with a gear transmission 9a, 9b, 9c.
  • the grinding container 1 is provided with a trunnion 10 attached to its bottom 4, which is mounted at the outer end of the rotary arm 8. The latter is attached at its other end to the drive shaft 7 and rotates about the axis A at a rotational speed ⁇ A in a vertical plane on a circular path 11 with radius R. In this case, the grinding container 1 is taken and thereby two-dimensionally in the direction of the y-axis and x-axis moved.
  • the grinding container 1 is a number of grinding balls 12 whose size and texture is matched with the ground material, and their capacity corresponds to about 1/3 of the total volume of the grinding container 1. Such a filling amount contributes in practice to optimize the grinding result. It is in this case often advantageous if the grinding balls 12 have a multimodal size distribution.
  • the grinding balls are spherical. But they can also be egg-shaped.
  • the grinding balls 12 are freely movable in the grinding container 1. Since this is non-rotatable about its central axis B, they are hurled back and forth in operation from wall to wall, without a significant portion of their kinetic energy, for example, by collision of the grinding balls is destroyed.
  • the inventive mill thus has a high energy efficiency, which brings not only economic, but also procedural advantages. The latter result from the reduction of friction losses and the associated heat development in the millbase. The avoidance of friction-related impurities and / or heat-related reactions leads to an improvement in the quality of the ground product.
  • the two-dimensional trajectory 12 of the grinding container is horizontal. However, it can also be three-dimensional in the context of the invention by subjecting the grinding container to vibrations in the three dimensions.
  • the arrangement according to the invention also makes it possible to drive the grinding container at intervals and / or with alternating changes of direction. It is also possible within the scope of the invention to design the cross-section of the grinding container 1 slightly different from the rectangular shape, wherein the inner angle of the container preferably vary between 85 ° and 95 °. It is also possible to provide the grinding container 1 with slightly curved or slightly beveled side walls, which have a curvature or slope towards the container center towards the container bottom.
  • the invention further enables the design of the grinding process as a continuous process, namely by simultaneous feeding, pulling out or pressing and sifting out the ground material. in this connection the supply and suction lines are preferably housed in the removable lid 4 of the grinding container 1.
  • the inventive mill is particularly suitable for the production of submicron and nanopowder from macroscopic brittle materials, such as in particular diamond, oxides, or carbides, and for the production of composite powders and with nanoparticles and / or nanotubes, especially CNT reinforce materials, the softer Matrix consists mainly of metals, light metals and their alloys or of plastics and / or mixtures thereof.
  • the material to be ground should be kept constantly in motion so as to make the grinding process more efficient and avoid caking.
  • the invention is sufficiently demonstrated with the illustrated embodiment. Of course, it could still be illustrated by other variants. For example, instead of a gear transmission for driving the mill, toothed belts or the like could be used. With the mill according to the invention also regrind, which has been removed and does not yet have the desired grain size, should be fed again to a grinding process.
  • the grinding container is moved on a circular path in a horizontal plane.
  • the grinding container could be moved by the drive system of the mill in all three dimensions, for example, is still a parent shaking movement.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Crushing And Grinding (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Mühle mit einem motorisch angetriebenen Mahlbehälter und darin frei beweglichen Mahlkörpern.The invention relates to a mill with a motor-driven grinding container and free-moving grinding media therein.

Derartige Mühlen werden insbesondere zum Feinmahlen von mineralischen Werkstoffen, etwa zur Herstellung von Nanopartikeln oder Nanopulvern aus solchen Werkstoffen eingesetzt. Bei den bisher bekannten Mühlen dieser Art ist der Wirkungsgrad zwischen der eingebrachten Energie und der tatsächlich genutzten Energie zum Brechen des Mahlgutes unbefriedigend. Daraus resultiert ein hoher Verschleiss der Mahlkörper und die damit verbundene Verunreinigung des Mahlguts. Der schlechte Wirkungsgrad kann zudem eine hohe Temperaturentwicklung im Mahlgut zufolge haben, so dass eine aktive Kühlung des Mahlguts erforderlich ist, um ungewollte Eigenschaftsveränderungen oder Reaktionen des Mahlgutes zu vermeiden.Such mills are used in particular for the fine grinding of mineral materials, for example for the production of nanoparticles or nanopowders from such materials. In the previously known mills of this type, the efficiency between the introduced energy and the energy actually used for breaking the ground material is unsatisfactory. This results in a high wear of the grinding media and the associated contamination of the ground material. The poor efficiency can also have a high temperature development in the millbase, so that an active cooling of the millbase is required to avoid unwanted property changes or reactions of the ground material.

In der Druckschrift US-A-2,561,037 ist ein Finishing-Verfahren geoffenbart, bei welchem mittels einer Vorrichtung vier Behältnisse um eine Welle gedreht werden, wobei diese Behältnisse beidseitig durch je einen Arm mit der Welle verbunden sind. Dabei sind sie endseitig an Achsen gelagert und über Kettenverbindungen mit Kettenrädern an einer an einer Lagerung fixierten Hülse verbunden. Wenn die Welle via einen Motor angetrieben wird, so werden diese Arme und mit ihnen die Behältnisse herumgeführt, wobei durch diese Anordnung von Ketten ermöglicht ist, dass diese Behältnisse über die gesamten gedrehten 360° aufrecht ausgerichtet sind. Damit werden Teile im Innern von diesen Behältnissen bearbeitet. Diese Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens ist aber relativ aufwendig gebaut und ermöglicht nur begrenzte Verkleinerung von Partikeln.In the publication US-A-2,561,037 a finishing method is disclosed in which by means of a device four containers are rotated about a shaft, said containers are connected on both sides by one arm to the shaft. They are end mounted on axles and connected by chain links with sprockets to a fixed to a bearing sleeve. When the shaft is driven by a motor, these arms and with them the containers are guided around, whereby this arrangement of chains allows these containers to be aligned upright over the entire rotated 360 °. This works on parts inside these containers. However, this device for carrying out the method is relatively expensive and allows only limited reduction of particles.

Gemäss der Druckschrift WO-A-2009/026990 ist eine Laborschwingmühle mit schräggestellten Mahlbrechern geoffenbart, welche von einem Antrieb mit einem Getriebe mit einer horizontal ausgerichteten Bewegungsebene um eine vertikale Achse gedreht werden. Durch diese Schrägstellung des Mahlbechers im Verhältnis zur Bewegungsebene des Schwingantriebs bedingten Bewegungsbahnen der Mahlkörper im Mahlbecher sollen die stirnseitigen Mahlbecherböden als Anschlag- und Mahlfläche in den Zerkleinerungsvorgang mit einbezogen werden. Bei einer Variante ist vorgesehen, dass der Antrieb mit einer dreidimensionalen Einwirkung ausgelegt ist. Es ist damit eine relativ aufwendige Konstruktion mit dem jeweils schräggestellten Mahlbecher gegeben, nebst dem, dass keine optimale Bewegungen auf die Mahlkörper bewirkt werden.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, diese Nachteile zu vermeiden und eine Mühle der eingangs genannten Art zu schaffen, die sich durch ein effizientes Erzeugen insbesondere von Nanopartikeln und durch einen guten energetischen Wirkungsgrad auszeichnet.According to the document WO-A-2009/026990 there is disclosed a laboratory vibratory mill with skewed grinding crushers which are rotated about a vertical axis by a drive having a gearbox with a horizontally oriented plane of movement. By this inclination the Mahlbechers in relation to the plane of motion of the oscillating drive conditional trajectories of the grinding media in Mahlbecher the front Mahlbecherböden should be included as a stop and grinding surface in the crushing process. In a variant, it is provided that the drive is designed with a three-dimensional action. It is thus given a relatively complicated construction with the respective inclined grinding bowl, in addition to that no optimal movements are effected on the grinding media.
The invention has for its object to avoid these disadvantages and to provide a mill of the type mentioned above, which is characterized by an efficient generation in particular of nanoparticles and by a good energy efficiency.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäss durch die Mühle nach Anspruch 1 und das Verfahren nach Anspruch 11 gelöst. Auf diese Weise wird erreicht, dass die Mahlkörper im Mahlbehälter vorwiegend hin und her von Wand zu Wand geschleudert werden, und zudem auch durch gegenseitiges Zusammenprallen der Mahlkörper. Die Geometrie bewirkt aber eine bessere stochastische Verteilung der Drehmomente der Mahlkörper und reduziert damit ein energievernichtendes Rollen und Schleifen der Mahlkörper.
Entsprechendes gilt auch für die Partikel des Mahlguts, welche mit dieser Mühle sehr effizient zu Nanopartikeln verarbeitet werden können. Ausserdem werden die damit einhergehenden Reibungsverluste herabgesetzt, was auch die Wärmeentwicklung innerhalb des Mahlgutes reduziert.This object is achieved according to the invention by the mill according to claim 1 and the method according to claim 11. In this way it is achieved that the grinding media in the grinding container are mainly tossed back and forth from wall to wall, and also by mutual collision of the grinding media. However, the geometry causes a better stochastic distribution of the torques of the grinding media and thus reduces energy-dissipating rolling and grinding of the grinding media.
The same applies to the particles of the millbase, which can be processed very efficiently into nanoparticles with this mill. In addition, the associated friction losses are reduced, which also reduces the heat development within the ground material.

Die Erfindung sieht ferner vor, dass der um seine Mittelachse undrehbare Mahlbehälter durch das Antriebssystem der Mühle um eine ausserhalb des Behälters angeordnete Achse gedreht wird. Dadurch kann er mit einem einfachen Antrieb in zwei Dimensionen bewegt werden. Seine Kreisbahn ist in einer horizontalen Ebene angeordnet. Die zweidimensionale Bewegung erfolgt somit entlang der y-Achse und der x-Achse, wobei auch eine Auf- und Ab-Bewegung in z-Richtung möglich wäre.
Die Erfindung sieht weiterhin vor, dass das Antriebssystem ein Lagergehäuse mit einer Antriebswelle und einem Dreharm aufweist, dessen ein Ende an der Antriebswelle drehfest befestigt ist und dessen andere Ende den Mahlbehälter trägt, wobei dieser mittels eines Zahnradgetriebes relativ zum Dreharm mit gleicher Geschwindigkeit und in entgegengesetzter Drehrichtung wie der Dreharm gedreht wird. Dies bewirkt, dass der Mahlbehälter während seiner Drehung um die Drehachse des Dreharms gleichzeitig um die eigene Mittelachse undrehbar bleibt.
Der quaderförmige Mahlbehälter ist zweckmässigerweise mit 85° bis 95° betragenden Innenwinkeln ausgebildet. Zur Vereinfachung der Fertigung ist es vorteilhaft, wenn der Mahlbehälter einen rechteckigen Querschnitt aufweist, wobei die Seitenwände zum Mahlbehälterboden hin eine leichte Krümmung zur Behältermitte hin aufweisen können.
Die im Mahlbehälter frei beweglichen Mahlkörper sind erfindungsgemäss als Mahlkugeln ausgebildet, was dazu beiträgt, die Reibungsverluste beim Mahlprozess zu minimieren. Es ist im Sinne eines optimierten Mahlergebnisses von Vorteil, wenn die Mahlkörper eine multimodale Grössenverteilung aufweisen. Es kann auch in diesem Sinne vorteilhaft sein, wenn die Anzahl Mahlkugeln so bemessen ist, dass ihre Füllmenge ca. 1/3 des Gesamtinhaltsraumes des Mahlbehälters entspricht.The invention further provides that the milling container, which can be rotated about its central axis, is rotated by the drive system of the mill about an axis arranged outside the container. This allows it to be moved in two dimensions with a simple drive. Its circular path is arranged in a horizontal plane. The two-dimensional movement thus takes place along the y-axis and the x-axis, whereby an up and down movement in the z-direction would also be possible.
The invention further provides that the drive system comprises a bearing housing having a drive shaft and a rotary arm, one end of which is rotatably secured to the drive shaft and the other end carries the grinding container, said by means of a gear transmission relative to the rotating arm at the same speed and in opposite Direction of rotation as the turning arm is rotated. This causes the grinding container during its rotation about the axis of rotation of the rotary arm at the same time remains unrotatable about its own central axis.
The cuboid grinding container is expediently formed with 85 ° to 95 ° amount inner angles. To simplify the production, it is advantageous if the grinding container has a rectangular cross-section, wherein the side walls may have a slight curvature toward the container center towards the container center.
The freely movable grinding media in the grinding container are designed according to the invention as grinding balls, which helps to minimize the friction losses during the grinding process. It is in the sense of an optimized Mahlergebnisses advantageous if the grinding media have a multimodal size distribution. It may also be advantageous in this sense if the number of grinding balls is so dimensioned that their capacity corresponds to about 1/3 of the total contents of the grinding container.

Die erfindungsgemässe Mühle zeichnet sich auch dadurch aus, dass ihre Betriebsweise leicht dem jeweils vorgesehenen Mahlprozess anpassbar ist. Es ist insbesondere leicht möglich, den Mahlbehälter intervallartig und/oder mit alternierenden Richtungswechseln anzutreiben.The mill according to the invention is also distinguished by the fact that its mode of operation is easily adaptable to the grinding process provided in each case. In particular, it is easily possible to drive the grinding container at intervals and / or with alternating changes of direction.

Durch gleichzeitiges Zuführen, Herausziehen oder -drücken sowie Aussieben des Mahlguts ist es nach der Erfindung möglich, das Mahlverfahren als kontinuierlich ablaufendes Verfahren zu gestalten. Zuführ- und Absaugleitungen sind hierbei vorzugsweise im Deckel des Mahlbehälters angeordnet.By simultaneous feeding, pulling or pressing and screening of the ground material, it is possible according to the invention to design the grinding process as a continuously running process. Supply and suction lines are preferably arranged in the lid of the grinding container.

Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend anhand eines Ausführungsbeispiels unter Bezugnahme auf die Zeichnung näher erläutert. Es zeigen:

Fig. 1
den Mahlbehälter samt Antrieb einer erfindungsgemäss Mühle, in der Seitenansicht und schematisch dargestellt, und
Fig. 2
einen Schnitt entlang der Linie II-II in Fig. 1, ebenfalls schematisch dargestellt.
The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to an embodiment with reference to the drawing. Show it:
Fig. 1
the grinding container including drive a mill according to the invention, in the side view and shown schematically, and
Fig. 2
a section along the line II-II in Fig. 1 , also shown schematically.

Wie aus Fig. 1 und Fig. 2 ersichtlich, ist der Mahlbehälter 1 zur Aufnahme des Mahlgutes quaderförmig ausgebildet, mit einem Boden 2, Seitenwänden 3a bis 3d und einem Deckel 4, der bei Bedarf abnehmbar ist. Der Mahlbehälter 1 hat ebene Wände und einen rechteckigen Querschnitt und wird durch ein Antriebssystem 5 angetrieben, der sich aus einem Lagergehäuse 6 mit einer Antriebswelle 7 und einem Dreharm 8 mit einem Zahnradgetriebe 9a, 9b, 9c zusammensetzt.How out Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 it can be seen, the grinding container 1 for receiving the ground material is cuboid, with a bottom 2, side walls 3a to 3d and a lid 4, which is removable if necessary. The grinding container 1 has flat walls and a rectangular cross-section and is driven by a drive system 5, which is composed of a bearing housing 6 with a drive shaft 7 and a rotary arm 8 with a gear transmission 9a, 9b, 9c.

Der Mahlbehälter 1 ist mit einem an seinem Boden 4 befestigten Tragzapfen 10 versehen, der am äusseren Ende des Dreharmes 8 gelagert ist. Letzterer ist an seinem anderen Ende an der Antriebswelle 7 befestigt und dreht sich um deren Achse A mit Drehgeschwindigkeit ωA in einer vertikalen Ebene auf einer Kreisbahn 11 mit Radius R. Dabei wird der Mahlbehälter 1 mitgenommen und dadurch zweidimensional in Richtung der y-Achse und der x-Achse mitbewegt. Gleichzeitig bewirkt das Zahnradgetriebe 9a, 9b, 9c, dass der Mahlbehälter 1 um seine Mittelachse B undrehbar bleibt, indem er relativ zum Dreharm 8 mit gleicher Drehgeschwindigkeit ωB = ωA aber in entgegengesetzter Drehrichtung wie der Dreharm 8 gedreht wird.The grinding container 1 is provided with a trunnion 10 attached to its bottom 4, which is mounted at the outer end of the rotary arm 8. The latter is attached at its other end to the drive shaft 7 and rotates about the axis A at a rotational speed ωA in a vertical plane on a circular path 11 with radius R. In this case, the grinding container 1 is taken and thereby two-dimensionally in the direction of the y-axis and x-axis moved. At the same time, the toothed gear 9a, 9b, 9c causes the grinding container 1 to remain non-rotatable about its central axis B by being rotated relative to the rotating arm 8 at the same rotational speed ωB = ωA but in the opposite direction of rotation as the rotating arm 8.

Im Mahlbehälter 1 befindet sich eine Anzahl Mahlkugeln 12, deren Grösse und Beschaffenheit mit der des Mahlguts abgestimmt ist, und deren Füllmenge ca. 1/3 des Gesamtinhaltsvolumens des Mahlbehälters 1 entspricht. Eine solche Füllmenge trägt in der Praxis dazu bei, das Mahlergebnis zu optimieren. Es ist hierbei vielfach vorteilhaft, wenn die Mahlkugeln 12 eine multimodale Grössenverteilung aufweisen. Die Mahlkugeln sind sphärisch ausgebildet. Sie können aber auch eiförmig sein.In the grinding container 1 is a number of grinding balls 12 whose size and texture is matched with the ground material, and their capacity corresponds to about 1/3 of the total volume of the grinding container 1. Such a filling amount contributes in practice to optimize the grinding result. It is in this case often advantageous if the grinding balls 12 have a multimodal size distribution. The grinding balls are spherical. But they can also be egg-shaped.

Die Mahlkugeln 12 sind im Mahlbehälter 1 frei beweglich. Da dieser um seine Mittelachse B undrehbar ist, werden sie darin im Betrieb von Wand zu Wand hin und her geschleudert, ohne dass ein nennenswerter Anteil ihrer kinetischen Energie etwa durch Zusammenprallen der Mahlkugeln vernichtet wird. Die erfindungsgemässe Mühle hat dadurch einen hohen energetischen Wirkungsgrad, der nicht nur wirtschaftliche, sondern auch verfahrenstechnische Vorteile mit sich bringt. Letztere resultieren aus der Verringerung der Reibungsverluste und der damit einhergehenden Wärmeentwicklung im Mahlgut. Die Vermeidung von reibungsbedingten Verunreinigungen und/oder wärmebedingten Reaktionen führt zu einer Qualitätsverbesserung des gemahlenen Produkts.
Beim beschriebenen Ausführungsbeispiel ist die zweidimensionale Bewegungsbahn 12 des Mahlbehälters waagerecht. Sie kann aber auch im Rahmen der Erfindung dreidimensional sein, indem der Mahlbehälter Schwingungen in den drei Dimensionen ausgesetzt wird. Die erfindungsgemässe Anordnung ermöglicht es auch, den Mahlbehälter intervallartig und /oder mit alternierenden Richtungswechseln anzutreiben.
Es ist auch im Rahmen der Erfindung möglich, den Querschnitt des Mahlbehälters 1 leicht abweichend von der rechteckigen Form auszugestalten, wobei die Innenwinkel des Behälters vorzugsweise zwischen 85° und 95° variieren. Es ist auch möglich, den Mahlbehälter 1 mit leicht gekrümmten bzw. leicht angeschrägten Seitenwänden zu versehen, die zum Behälterboden hin eine Krümmung bzw. Schräge zur Behältermitte hin aufweisen.
Die Erfindung ermöglicht ferner die Ausgestaltung des Mahlverfahrens als kontinuierliches Verfahren, nämlich durch gleichzeitiges Zuführen, Herausziehen oder -drücken sowie Aussieben des Mahlguts. Hierbei sind die Zuführ- und Absaugleitungen vorzugsweise im abnehmbaren Deckel 4 des Mahlbehälters 1 untergebracht.The grinding balls 12 are freely movable in the grinding container 1. Since this is non-rotatable about its central axis B, they are hurled back and forth in operation from wall to wall, without a significant portion of their kinetic energy, for example, by collision of the grinding balls is destroyed. The inventive mill thus has a high energy efficiency, which brings not only economic, but also procedural advantages. The latter result from the reduction of friction losses and the associated heat development in the millbase. The avoidance of friction-related impurities and / or heat-related reactions leads to an improvement in the quality of the ground product.
In the described embodiment, the two-dimensional trajectory 12 of the grinding container is horizontal. However, it can also be three-dimensional in the context of the invention by subjecting the grinding container to vibrations in the three dimensions. The arrangement according to the invention also makes it possible to drive the grinding container at intervals and / or with alternating changes of direction.
It is also possible within the scope of the invention to design the cross-section of the grinding container 1 slightly different from the rectangular shape, wherein the inner angle of the container preferably vary between 85 ° and 95 °. It is also possible to provide the grinding container 1 with slightly curved or slightly beveled side walls, which have a curvature or slope towards the container center towards the container bottom.
The invention further enables the design of the grinding process as a continuous process, namely by simultaneous feeding, pulling out or pressing and sifting out the ground material. in this connection the supply and suction lines are preferably housed in the removable lid 4 of the grinding container 1.

Zur Verminderung von Pulverablagerungen an den Wänden und Ecken des Behälters ist es zweckmässig, entsprechende Fluidisierungseinrichtungen vorzugsweise in Ecken und Boden des Behälters einzubauen.To reduce powder deposits on the walls and corners of the container, it is expedient to install corresponding fluidizing devices preferably in the corners and bottom of the container.

Die erfindungsgemässe Mühle eignet sich besonders für die Herstellung von Submikron- und Nanopulvern aus makroskopischen spröden Werkstoffen, wie insbesondere Diamant, Oxide, oder Karbide, sowie für die Herstellung von Kompositpulvern und mit Nanopartikeln und/oder Nanotubes, insbesondere CNT verstärken Werkstoffen, wobei die weichere Matrix vor allem aus Metallen, Leichtmetallen und deren Legierungen oder aus Kunststoffen und/oder deren Mischungen besteht.The inventive mill is particularly suitable for the production of submicron and nanopowder from macroscopic brittle materials, such as in particular diamond, oxides, or carbides, and for the production of composite powders and with nanoparticles and / or nanotubes, especially CNT reinforce materials, the softer Matrix consists mainly of metals, light metals and their alloys or of plastics and / or mixtures thereof.

Mit dieser Mühle kann auch ein Mahlen unter Schutzgas, Vakuum oder reaktiven und /oder angeregten, wie beispielsweise plasmaaktivierten oder teilionisierten Gasen erfolgen. Letzteres würde die kontrollierte Herstellung von Submicron-Pulvern bzw. Nanopulvern aus Nitriden, Karbiden, Oxiden entsprechender Metalle, Metalllegierungen und/oder Mischungen erlauben, bis hin zur Herstellung von komplexen, nanostrukturierten Pulvern. Man vermischt Metalle, die zum einen eine hohe Reaktivität zu Sauerstoff, Kohlenstoff bzw. Stickstoff haben (Ti, Ta, W, Al etc.), mit Metallen geringerer Reaktivität (Ni, Cu, Ag etc.). Dadurch kann man auf der einen Seite die Härte und auf der anderen Seite die Zähigkeit eines Werkstoffes gezielt beeinflussen.With this mill, grinding under protective gas, vacuum or reactive and / or excited, such as plasma-activated or partially ionized gases can be carried out. The latter would allow the controlled production of submicron powders or nanopowders from nitrides, carbides, oxides of corresponding metals, metal alloys and / or mixtures, up to the production of complex nanostructured powders. It mixes metals that have a high reactivity to oxygen, carbon or nitrogen (Ti, Ta, W, Al, etc.), with metals of lower reactivity (Ni, Cu, Ag, etc.). As a result, it is possible to influence the hardness on the one hand and the toughness of a material on the other.

Das Mahlgut soll möglichst ständig in Bewegung gehalten werden, um so den Mahlprozess effizienter zu gestalten und Anbackungen zu vermeiden.
Die Erfindung ist mit dem erläuterten Ausführungsbeispiel ausreichend dargetan. Selbstverständlich könnte sie noch durch andere Varianten veranschaulicht sein. So könnten beispielsweise anstelle eines Zahnradgetriebes für den Antrieb der Mühle auch Zahnriemen oder ähnliches verwendet werden.
Mit der erfindungsgemässen Mühle soll auch Mahlgut, welches entnommen worden ist und noch nicht die gewünschte Korngrösse aufweist, nochmals einem Mahlprozess zugeführt werden.The material to be ground should be kept constantly in motion so as to make the grinding process more efficient and avoid caking.
The invention is sufficiently demonstrated with the illustrated embodiment. Of course, it could still be illustrated by other variants. For example, instead of a gear transmission for driving the mill, toothed belts or the like could be used.
With the mill according to the invention also regrind, which has been removed and does not yet have the desired grain size, should be fed again to a grinding process.

Der Mahlbehälter wird auf einer Kreisbahn in einer horizontalen Ebene bewegt.
Der Mahlbehälter könnte durch das Antriebssystem der Mühle in allen drei Dimensionen bewegt werden, indem beispielsweise noch eine Rüttelbewegung übergeordnet ist.The grinding container is moved on a circular path in a horizontal plane.
The grinding container could be moved by the drive system of the mill in all three dimensions, for example, is still a parent shaking movement.

Claims (11)

  1. Mill with a motor-driven grinding container (1) and therein freely movable grinding bodies (12), whereby the grinding container (1) is approximately cuboid formed and is movable in two dimensions by the drive system (5) with a drive shaft (7) of the mill, characterized in that
    the grinding container (1) is provided with a trunnion (10) secured on its ground (4), which is pivoted on the outer end of a rotating arm (8), whereas the rotating arm (8) is secured on the drive shaft (7) on its other end and is rotating around the axis (A) of the drive shaft (7), whereby this axis (A) is situated in a vertical plane, and the grinding container (1) is moveable outside of this axis (A) on an orbit (11) in a horizontal plane while he is unrotatable on his central axis (B), as he is rotating relatively to the rotating arm (8) with the same rotational speed (ωB=ωA), but in opposite direction of rotation like the rotating arm (8).
  2. Mill according to claim 1, characterized in that the drive system (5) has a bearing housing (6) with the drive shaft (7) and the rotating arm (8), its one end is fixed to the drive shaft (7) and its other end carries the grinding container (1), whereby this is rotated relatively to the rotary arm (8) with the same rotational speed and in the opposite direction of rotation like the rotary arm by means of a gear transmission (9a, 9b, 9c).
  3. Mill according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the grinding container (1) is formed with inner angles amounting preferably 85° to 95°.
  4. Mill according to claim 3, characterized in that the grinding container (1) has a rectangular cross-section.
  5. Mill according to claim 4, characterized in that the side walls (3a to 3d) of the grinding container (1) having a slight curvature to the container bottom (2) towards respective bevelling towards the center of the container.
  6. Mill according to any one of the preceding claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the number of grinding media is so dimensioned that its capacity corresponds to about 1/3 of the total content space of the grinding container (1).
  7. Mill according to any one of the preceding claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the grinding bodies (12) having a multi-modal size distribution.
  8. Mill according to any one of the preceding claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the grinding bodies (12) freely movable in the grinding container (1) are designed as grinding balls.
  9. Mill according to claim 1, characterized in that the grinding container (1) is movable at intervals and with alternating directional changes.
  10. Mill according to any one of the claims 1 to 9, characterized in that grinding is carried out under protective gas, vacuum or reactive and/or excited gases.
  11. Process for grinding mill feed with a mill according to the preceding claims 1 to 10, characterized by simultaneous feeding, pulling out or squeezing as well as screening of the mill feed, whereby feeding and suction conduits are preferably arranged in the lid (4) of the grinding container (1).
EP11769784.7A 2010-10-07 2011-10-05 Mill and method of milling of material using this mill Active EP2704836B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH16442010A CH704018B1 (en) 2010-10-07 2010-10-07 Mill and process for grinding mill base with the same.
PCT/EP2011/004957 WO2012045446A2 (en) 2010-10-07 2011-10-05 Mill and method for grinding material to be ground using the same

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EP2704836A2 EP2704836A2 (en) 2014-03-12
EP2704836B1 true EP2704836B1 (en) 2018-06-27

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EP (1) EP2704836B1 (en)
CH (1) CH704018B1 (en)
WO (1) WO2012045446A2 (en)

Families Citing this family (1)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
PL406540A1 (en) * 2013-12-16 2015-06-22 Politechnika Krakowska im. Tadeusza Kościuszki Drive for the ultraenergy pulsatory-rotating mill

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2009026990A1 (en) * 2007-07-14 2009-03-05 Retsch Gmbh Laboratory vibration grinding mill having inclined grinding beakers

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE624660C (en) * 1934-06-21 1936-01-25 Wilhelm Mauss Device for grinding ores and similar materials in vertical drums
US2561037A (en) 1945-08-14 1951-07-17 William T Stanley Finishing method and apparatus
FR1084223A (en) * 1953-05-28 1955-01-18 Ct D Etudes Et De Rech S De L Ball mill
ITRM20070364A1 (en) * 2007-06-27 2008-12-28 Assing S P A NEW INDUSTRIAL MILL TO FRICTION TO PRODUCE NANOMATERIALS THROUGH MECHANIZATIONAL PROCESSES

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2009026990A1 (en) * 2007-07-14 2009-03-05 Retsch Gmbh Laboratory vibration grinding mill having inclined grinding beakers

Also Published As

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WO2012045446A3 (en) 2012-06-07
EP2704836A2 (en) 2014-03-12
CH704018B1 (en) 2014-08-29
WO2012045446A2 (en) 2012-04-12
CH704018A2 (en) 2012-04-13

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