EP2696481A2 - Axial gap rotating electrical machine - Google Patents
Axial gap rotating electrical machine Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2696481A2 EP2696481A2 EP13179453.9A EP13179453A EP2696481A2 EP 2696481 A2 EP2696481 A2 EP 2696481A2 EP 13179453 A EP13179453 A EP 13179453A EP 2696481 A2 EP2696481 A2 EP 2696481A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- housing
- rotating shaft
- electrical machine
- bearing
- rotor
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
- H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/27—Rotor cores with permanent magnets
- H02K1/2793—Rotors axially facing stators
- H02K1/2795—Rotors axially facing stators the rotor consisting of two or more circumferentially positioned magnets
- H02K1/2798—Rotors axially facing stators the rotor consisting of two or more circumferentially positioned magnets where both axial sides of the stator face a rotor
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
- H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/28—Means for mounting or fastening rotating magnetic parts on to, or to, the rotor structures
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K16/00—Machines with more than one rotor or stator
- H02K16/02—Machines with one stator and two or more rotors
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K21/00—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets
- H02K21/12—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets
- H02K21/24—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets with magnets axially facing the armatures, e.g. hub-type cycle dynamos
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K5/00—Casings; Enclosures; Supports
- H02K5/04—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof
- H02K5/15—Mounting arrangements for bearing-shields or end plates
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K5/00—Casings; Enclosures; Supports
- H02K5/04—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof
- H02K5/16—Means for supporting bearings, e.g. insulating supports or means for fitting bearings in the bearing-shields
- H02K5/173—Means for supporting bearings, e.g. insulating supports or means for fitting bearings in the bearing-shields using bearings with rolling contact, e.g. ball bearings
- H02K5/1732—Means for supporting bearings, e.g. insulating supports or means for fitting bearings in the bearing-shields using bearings with rolling contact, e.g. ball bearings radially supporting the rotary shaft at both ends of the rotor
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K15/00—Methods or apparatus specially adapted for manufacturing, assembling, maintaining or repairing of dynamo-electric machines
- H02K15/02—Methods or apparatus specially adapted for manufacturing, assembling, maintaining or repairing of dynamo-electric machines of stator or rotor bodies
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K2201/00—Specific aspects not provided for in the other groups of this subclass relating to the magnetic circuits
- H02K2201/03—Machines characterised by aspects of the air-gap between rotor and stator
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K2213/00—Specific aspects, not otherwise provided for and not covered by codes H02K2201/00 - H02K2211/00
- H02K2213/03—Machines characterised by numerical values, ranges, mathematical expressions or similar information
Definitions
- the present invention relates to axial gap rotating electrical machines and in particular to an axial gap rotating electrical machine in which a stator and a rotor are placed in the direction of a rotating shaft with an air gap in-between.
- Rotating electrical machines such as motors and generators are used in many industrial fields. Especially, axial gap rotating electrical machines are flat in shape and are capable of delivering large torque; therefore, it is expected that they will be applied to motors used in hybrid automobiles and motors of the outdoor units of air conditioners.
- JP-A-2007-228790 discloses a two-rotor/one-stator axial gap rotating electrical machine.
- This rotating electrical machine is formed by providing a stator having multiple magnetic poles, obtained by combining a core and a coil, around a rotating shaft; and placing a rotor having multiple permanent magnets on both sides of the stator with a predetermined air gap in the direction of the rotating shaft.
- the attractive force and repellent force between the stator and the rotor can become smaller than desired. This leads to the degraded performance of the rotating electrical machine. For this reason, it used to be required to maintain the high dimensional accuracy of the air gap when a rotating electrical machine is assembled.
- axial gap rotating electrical machines are so structured that parts comprising the axial gap rotating electrical machine are stacked along the direction of the axis of its rotating shaft. Therefore, the dimension errors of each component are accumulated and it used to be difficult to ensure an accurate air gap.
- the invention is characterized in that : a large diameter portion and a small diameter portion are formed in a rotating shaft; a stepped portion is formed therebetween to secure a rotor yoke and the position of a rotor is thereby determined; the position of a bearing for rotatably supporting the rotating shaft, secured in a housing, is determined by this secured portion of the rotor yoke; and the position of the housing is determined by the position of the bearing and the position where a stator should be secured is thereby determined by a stepped portion formed in the inner circumference of the housing.
- the housing it is possible to determine the position of the housing relative to the rotating shaft from the position of the rotor and determine the securing position of the stator in this state. This makes it possible to accurately obtain the distance of the air gap between the stator and the rotor.
- FIG. 1 shows a longitudinal section of an axial gap rotating electrical machine illustrating a first embodiment of the invention.
- the description of this embodiment relates to the configuration of a two-rotor/one-stator axial gap rotating electrical machine.
- the invention can also been applied to one-rotor/one-stator and one-rotor/two-stator axial gap rotating electrical machines.
- the axial gap rotating electrical machine in FIG. 1 is comprised of: two disk-like rotors 10A, 10B; a stator 11 placed between the rotors 10A, 10B and opposed thereto with a predetermined air gap in-between; a rotating shaft 12 securing each rotor 10A, 10B and rotatably supporting them; and a first housing 14A and a second housing 14B rotatably holding both ends of the rotating shaft 12 by bearings 13A, 13B.
- the first housing 14A is in the shape of a closed-end cylinder (the shape of a cup) and the stator 11 is secured therein.
- the second housing 14B is so configured as to cover an opening of the first housing 14A and they are secured together with bolts at the portion of a bracket 15.
- the rotating shaft 12 is rotatably supported by the bearing 13A provided at the bottom portion 14A-1 of the first housing 14A and the bearing 13B provided at the center portion 14B-1 of the second housing 14B.
- the inner ring of the bearing 13A provided at the bottom portion of the first housing 14A is secured on the rotating shaft 12; and the outer ring thereof is secured in a bearing housing portion 16 formed in the bottom portion 14A-1 of the first housing 14A.
- the outer ring is integrated with the first housing 14A by a bearing retainer 17A provided at the bottom portion 14A-1 of the first housing 14A.
- the inner ring of the bearing 13B provided at the center portion 14B-1 of the second housing 14B is secured on the rotating shaft 12; and the outer ring thereof is secured in a bearing housing portion 18 formed in the center portion 14B-1 of the second housing 14B.
- Position adjustment of the rotating shaft 12 can be facilitated by making the rotating shaft 12 movable relative to the inner ring of the bearing 13B on the second housing 14B side or making the outer ring movable relative to the bearing housing portion 18.
- the bearing 13B is secured with a bearing retainer 17B.
- the stator 11 has the outer circumference thereof secured on the first housing 14A with synthetic resin 19 having adhesive properties.
- the inner circumference of the stator 11 is opposed to the rotating shaft 12 with a predetermined gap in-between.
- the stator 11 is comprised of a core 20 and a winding 21 and the winding 21 is wound around the core 20 with an insulating material in-between.
- the rotors 10A, 10B are each comprised of a rotor yoke 22A, 22B and a flat ring magnet or several segment magnets 23 circumferentially placed on the surface of each of the rotor yokes 22A, 22B.
- Each ring magnet 23 is placed in opposition to a core 20 with a predetermined air gap g in-between.
- the rotors 10A, 10B and the stator 11 are placed in parallel in the direction of the axis of the rotating shaft 12.
- the rotor 10A, air gap g, stator 11, air gap g, and rotor 10B are placed from bottom in this order along the direction of the axis.
- the core 20 of the stator 11 can be formed of a laminated or a wound core made from electromagnetic steel plates or amorphous foil bands, or a soft magnetic powder core.
- the winding 22 can be formed of a copper wire or an aluminum wire and the ring magnet 12 can be formed of a ferrite magnet, a neodymium magnet, or the like.
- FIG. 2 to FIG. 5 representatively illustrate the configuration of the rotor 10A.
- the rotor 10B is of substantially the same configuration and the description thereof will be omitted.
- the rotor 10A is comprised of an annular rotor yoke 22A and a ring magnet 23 placed over the surface of the annular rotor yoke 22A.
- the ring magnet 23 is comprised of multiple magnetic pole pieces and the number of magnetic poles is determined by these magnetic pole pieces.
- FIG. 2 illustrates the configuration of the rotor yoke 22A.
- the rotor yoke 22A has a function of holding the ring magnet 23.
- the rotor yoke 22A is annularly formed and it is formed of a magnetic material, such as iron or magnetic stainless steel, to effectively transfer magnetic force.
- An outer circumferential wall portion 24 erected in the axial direction is formed on the outer circumference side of the rotor yoke 22A; and an inner circumferential wall portion 25 also erected in the axial direction is formed on the inner circumference side thereof.
- An annular groove portion 26 for housing the ring magnet 23 is formed therebetween.
- the inner circumferential wall portion 25 is provided in the center thereof with a securing hole 27 secured on the rotating shaft 12.
- eddy current loss is produced in the rotor yoke 22A.
- a laminated core such as an electromagnetic steel plate wound core or an amorphous wound core, for the rotor yoke 22A.
- FIG. 3 illustrates the configuration of the ring magnet 23.
- the reason why the ring magnet 23 is used is to cope with centrifugal force arising from the rotation of the rotor 10A.
- a desired magnetic pole shape is magnetized.
- a required number of magnetic pole pieces 23A are radially formed so that each magnetic pole piece is in a fan shape.
- any other shape is also acceptable.
- a ferrite magnet, a sintered neodymium magnet, or the like can be used; however, any other appropriate magnet may be used.
- the depth of the annular groove portion 26 is 1/3 of the thickness of the ring magnet 23 or below for preventing the ring magnet 23 from coming off in the radial direction. The reason for this is that the depth of 1/3 or above is undesirable in terms of the rigidity of the rotor yoke 22A and the like.
- a dam portion 28 having V-shaped sections is circumferentially formed by swaging in the inner circumferential wall portion 25 in proximity to the inner circumferential portion of the ring magnet 23 of the rotor yoke 22A.
- the dam portion 28 by swaging is formed as follows: the ring magnet 23 is placed in the groove portion 26 and then an annular V-shaped punch having a diameter smaller than the inside diameter of the ring magnet 23 is applied to the inner circumferential wall portion 25; and the inner circumferential wall portion 25 of the rotor yoke 22A is thereby brought to the inner circumference side of the ring magnet 23 to secure together the ring magnet 23 and the rotor yoke 22A.
- a similar dam portion may also be formed on the outer circumference side of the rotor yoke 22A.
- the rotor yoke 22A includes a flat portion 22A-1 holding the ring magnet 23 and a one-sided boss portion 22A-2 forming the securing hole 27.
- the length L1 from the surface of the flat portion 22A-1 to the tip portion of the one-sided boss portion 22A-2 is accurately controlled.
- the length L1 serves an important function for accurately assembling the air gap g between the rotor 10A (and 10B) and the stator 11, which will be described later.
- FIG. 6 illustrates the configuration obtained when the rotors 10A, 10B and the rotating shaft 12 are combined and secured together.
- the stator 11 is positioned therebetween; however, the depiction of the stator 11 is omitted for the sake of explanation.
- a large diameter portion 12A is formed in the vicinity of the center of the rotating shaft 12 and a small diameter portion 12B is formed on both sides of the large diameter portion 12A with a stepped portion 29 in-between.
- the large diameter portion 12A is opposed to the inner circumferential portion of the stator 11 and the small diameter portions 12B are portions where the rotor yokes 22A, 22B are secured.
- the rotor yokes 22A, 22B are configured so that they are secured in tight contact with the stepped portions 29.
- the length L2 of the large diameter portion 12A between the small diameter portions 12B also serves an important function for accurately assembling the air gap g between the rotors 10 and the stator 11. That is, the length L2 of the large diameter portion 12A of the rotating shaft 12 is accurately controlled; as a result, the length (L2) between the flat portions 22A-1, 22B-1 of the respective rotor yokes 22A, 22B of the two rotors 10A, 10B is also accurately controlled.
- the length L2 of the large diameter portion 12A and the length L1 from the tip of the one-sided boss portion 22A-2 from the flat portion 22A-1 of the rotor yoke 22A are accurately controlled.
- the length L3 to the tip of the one-sided boss portion 22A-2, 22B-2 of the rotor yoke 22A, 22B is also accurately controlled.
- the rotor yokes 22A, 22B are secured on the small diameter portions 12B in tight contact with the stepped portions 29, the following takes place: the movement of the rotor yokes 22A, 22B is arrested by the stepped portions 29 formed between the small diameter portions 12B and the large diameter portion 12A. This makes it possible to prevent the axial displacement of the rotors 10A, 10B and accurately control the air gaps g.
- knurled portions 30 the one-sided boss portion 22A-2,22B-2 formed in the rotor yokes 22A, 22B which boss portions function as securing portions forming the securing holes 27 and the small diameter portions 12B of the rotating shaft 12.
- These knurled portions 30 are utilized to align the magnetic poles of the rotors 10A, 10B or for alignment in the circumferential direction.
- the knurled portions 30 make it possible to align the rotors 10A, 10B without increasing the number of parts.
- the number of the knurled portions 30 may be small and they may be shallow. Meanwhile, in case of a large-capacity rotating electrical machine, it is required to provide a large number of deep knurled portions 30.
- FIG. 8 illustrates the second housing 14B and the second housing 14B is in a shallow, closed-end, cylindrical shape.
- the bearing housing portion 18 for housing the bearing 13B is formed in the center portion 14B-1 of the bottom portion 14B-2.
- a bracket 15 is formed on the circumference on the tip side of a cylindrical portion 14B-3 and a stepped portion 31 reduced in diameter toward the inner circumference side is formed at the tip.
- This stepped portion 31 is socket-and-spigot-joined with the first housing 14A described later. As shown in FIG. 1 , the stepped portion 31 at the tip functions to arrest the axial movement of the stator 11.
- FIG. 9 illustrates the stator 11 and the stator 11 is comprised of a core 20, a coil 21, and a positioning plate 32. These members are integrally configured by an appropriate securing technique.
- An insulator such as insulating paper or nonmagnetic bobbin is provided between the core 20 and the coil 21.
- an electromagnetic steel plate, an amorphous core, a magnetic powder core, and combinations thereof can be used.
- the cores 20 and the coils 21 in numbers matched with a number of slots are provided.
- the cores 20 and the coils 21 in numbers equivalent to the number of slots are annularly placed using the positioning plates 32.
- the mated cores and coils can be integrated by securing them together by resin molding, welding, or the like.
- FIG. 10 illustrates the first housing 14A and FIG. 11 is an enlarged view of the vicinity of the boss portion 14A-2 of the first housing 14A.
- the first housing 14A is in a closed-end cylindrical shape, deeper than the second housing 14B and is provided in proximity to the center of the bottom portion 14A-1 with the boss portion 14A-2 forming the bearing housing portion 16.
- a stepped portion 33 for receiving a positioning plate 32 of the stator 11 is formed in position on the inner circumference side of the cylindrical portion 14A-3.
- the first housing is increased in diameter on the tip side of the stepped portion 33. It receives and houses the end face of the cylindrical portion 14B-3 of the second housing 14B at the end face thereof and they are thereby socket-and-spigot-joined with each other.
- the length L4 from the outer ring end face receiving portion 16A on the rotor yoke 10A side of the bearing 13A in the bearing housing portion 16 formed in the boss portion 14A-2 to the stepped portion 33 is also accurately controlled.
- the placement position of the stator 11 can be accurately determined by the length L1 of the one-sided boss portion of the rotor yoke 10A and the length L4 from the outer ring end face receiving portion 16A to the stepped portion 33.
- FIG. 12 illustrates the configuration obtained when the first housing 14A, second housing 14, and stator 11 are combined and secured together.
- the rotors 10A, 10B and the rotating shaft 12 illustrated in FIG. 6 are positioned therebetween; however, the depiction thereof is omitted for the sake of explanation.
- the bearings 13A, 13B are housed and placed in the bearing housing portions 16, 18 in the respective housings 14A, 14B. These bearings are secured using press-fit or bearing retainers 17A, 17B.
- the positioning plate 32 placed on one side of the stator 11 is positioned and placed in the stepped portion 33 of the first housing 14A.
- the positioning plate 32 placed on the other side of the stator 11 is pressed by the tip of the cylindrical portion 14B-3 of the second housing 14B and thereby positioned.
- the axial position of the stator 11 can be determined by these configuration elements.
- the large diameter portion 12A of the rotating shaft 12 is accurately fabricated and the length L2 thereof is as designed. Therefore, the length between the opposite ring magnets 23 of the rotors 10A, 10B is also accordingly accurately determined and the position of each rotor 10A, 10B is consequently accurately determined.
- the rotor yoke 22A is secured on a small diameter portion 12B of the rotating shaft 12.
- the length L1 of the one-sided boss portion 22A-2 of the rotor yoke 22A is also accurately fabricated and the length L1 thereof is as designed. Therefore, the distance from the following stepped portion to the tip of the one-sided boss portion 22A-2 of the rotor yoke 22A becomes equal to the length L1 and is accurately determined: the stepped portion 29 where the large diameter portion 12A of the rotating shaft 12 changes to the small diameter portion 12B.
- the tip of the one-sided boss portion 22A-2 of the rotor yoke 22A functions to position the inner ring of the bearing 13A. Therefore, the securing position of the bearing 13A is also accurately determined.
- the position of the bearing 13A is determined, the position of the first housing 14A with the bearing housing portion 16 formed therein is determined. Therefore, the placement position of the stator 11 can be accurately determined by the length L4 from the outer ring end face receiving portion 16A of the bearing housing portion 16 to the stepped portion 33 together with it. As a result, the air gap g between the rotor 10A and the stator 11 can be accurately obtained.
- the length L2 of the large diameter portion 12A is accurately determined also on the rotor 10B side. Therefore, when the axial length of the stator 11 is accurately determined, the air gap g between the rotor 10B and the stator 11 can be accurately obtained.
- FIG. 13 illustrates assembly sequences for an axial gap rotating electrical machine in this embodiment.
- the rotating electrical machine in this embodiment is assembled by sequentially stacking members from the first housing 14A side.
- the depiction of the rotors 10A, 10B is omitted for the sake of explanation.
- the bearing 13A is secured in the boss portion 14A-2 formed in the bottom portion 14A-1 of the first housing from outside.
- the rotating shaft 12 with the rotor 10A secured on a small diameter portion 12B thereof is placed in the first housing 14A.
- the small diameter portion 12B of the rotating shaft 12 is inserted into the bearing 13A until the tip of the one-sided boss portion 22A-2 of the rotor yoke 22A hits the inner ring of the bearing 13A.
- stator 11 is placed in the first housing 14A and the stator 11 is inserted until a positioning plate 32 hits the stepped portion 33 of the first housing 14A.
- the rotor 10B is inserted onto a small diameter portion 12B of the rotating shaft 12 until it hits a stepped portion 29 of the large diameter portion 12A.
- the bearing 13B is attached to the small diameter portion 12B of the rotating shaft 12 and lastly, the second housing 14B is put on the first housing and the respective brackets 15 are secured with bolts.
- the axial gap rotating electrical machine is thus assembled.
- the following can be implemented by replacing the bearing retainer 17B with an elastic body such as a spring: the displacement of the rotating shaft 12 in the axial direction can be cancelled and the abnormal noise can be suppressed.
- This embodiment has a configuration close to that of a product but it adopts basically the same configuration as that of the first embodiment.
- the axial gap rotating electrical machine in FIG. 14 is comprised of: two disk-like rotors 10A, 10B; a stator 11 placed between the rotors 10A, 10B and opposed thereto with a predetermined air gap in-between; a rotating shaft 12 securing each rotor 10A, 10B and rotatably supporting them; a first cover 34 and a second cover 35 rotatably holding both ends of the rotating shaft 12 by bearings 13A, 13B; a housing 36 with double open ends, housing the stator 11 and the rotors 10A, 10B in cooperation with the first cover 34 and the second cover 35; and the like.
- the housing 36 is in a cylindrical shape and the stator 11 is secured therein.
- the first cover 34 and the second cover 35 close the openings of the housing 36 and they are secured together with bolts 37.
- the rotating shaft 12 is rotatably supported by the bearing 13A provided in the boss portion 34A of the first cover 34 and the bearing 13B provided in the boss portion 35A in proximity to the center portion of the second cover 35.
- the inner ring of the bearing 13A provided in the first cover 34 is secured on a small diameter portion 12B of the rotating shaft 12; and the outer ring thereof is secured in the bearing housing portion 38 formed in the boss portion 34A of the first cover 34.
- the outer ring is integrated with the first cover 34 by a bearing retainer 17A provided in the boss portion 34A of the first cover 34.
- the bearing retainer 17A is secured in the boss portion 34A with a bolt 39.
- the inner ring of the bearing 13B provided in the boss portion 35A in proximity to the center portion of the second cover 35 is secured on a small diameter portion 12B of the rotating shaft 12; and the outer ring thereof is secured in the bearing housing portion 43 formed in the boss portion 35A of the second cover 35.
- the stator 11 has the outer circumference thereof secured on the inner circumferential wall of the housing 36 by synthetic resin having adhesive properties.
- the inner circumference of the stator 11 is opposed to the rotating shaft 12 with a predetermined gap in-between.
- the stator 11 is comprised of a core 20 and a winding 21 and the winding 21 is wound around the core 20 with an insulating material in-between.
- the rotors 10A, 10B are each comprised of a rotor yoke 22A, 22B and a flat ring magnet 23 circumferentially placed on the surface of each of the rotor yokes 22A, 22B.
- Each ring magnet 23 is placed in opposition to a core 20 with a predetermined air gap g in-between.
- the rotors 10A, 10B and the stator 11 are placed in parallel in the direction of the axis of the rotating shaft 12.
- the rotor 10A, air gap g, stator 11, air gap g, and rotor 10B are placed from bottom in this order along the direction of the axis.
- the rotor yoke 22A includes a flat portion 22A-1 holding the ring magnet 23 and a double-sided boss portion 22A-2 forming the securing hole 27.
- the length L1 from the surface of the flat portion 22A-1 to the tip of the double-sided boss portion 22-A is accurately controlled.
- the length L1 serves an important function for accurately assembling the air gap g between the rotor 10A (and 10B) and the stator 11, which will be described later.
- a large diameter portion 12A is formed in the vicinity of the center of the rotating shaft 12 and a small diameter portion 12B is formed on both sides of the large diameter portion 12A.
- the large diameter portion 12A is opposed to the inner circumferential portion of the stator 11 and the small diameter portions 12B are portions where the rotor yokes 22A, 22B are secured.
- the length L2 of the large diameter portion 12A between the small diameter portions 12B also serves an important function for accurately assembling the air gap g between the rotors 10 and the stator 11. That is, the length L2 of the large diameter portion 12A of the rotating shaft 12 is accurately controlled; as a result, the length between the flat portions 22A-1, 22B-1 of the respective rotor yokes 22A, 22B of the two rotors 10A, 10B is also accurately controlled.
- the length L2 of the large diameter portion 12A and the length L1 of the double-sided boss portion 22A-2 of the rotor yoke 22A are accurately controlled.
- the length to the tip of the double-sided boss portion 22A-2 of the rotor yoke 22A is also accurately controlled.
- the rotor yokes 22A, 22B are secured on the small diameter portion 12B, the following takes place: the movement of the rotor yokes 22A, 22B is arrested by the stepped portions 29 formed between the small diameter portions 12B and the large diameter portion 12A. This makes it possible to prevent the axial displacement of the rotors 10A, 10B and accurately control the air gaps g.
- a stepped portion 40 for receiving a positioning plate 32 of the stator 11 is formed in position on the inner circumference side of the housing 36.
- the housing is increased in diameter on the tip side of the stepped portion 40 and is secured together with the second cover 35 at the end face thereof with the bolts 37.
- the length L4 from the following to the stepped portion 40 is also accurately controlled: the outer ring end face receiving portion 38A on the rotor yoke 10A side of the bearing 13A of the bearing housing portion 38 formed in the boss portion 34A of the first cover 34.
- the placement position of the stator 11 can be accurately determined by the following: the length L1 of the double-sided boss portion of the rotor yoke 10A and the length L4 from the outer ring end face receiving portion 38A to the stepped portion 40.
- the positioning plate 32 placed on one side of the stator 11 is positioned and placed in the stepped portion 40 of the housing 36. To stop the circumferential whirl of the stator 11, it can be secured by a knock pin, not shown, or by integrally molding the stator 11 and the inner circumferential portion of the housing 36 with resin.
- a cooling fan 41 is secured on the rotating shaft 12 outside the second cover 35 and heat produced in the coil 21 is let out.
- the cooling fan 41 is covered with a mesh or a protective cover 42 in a similar shape for the sake of safety.
- the large diameter portion 12A of the rotating shaft 12 is accurately fabricated and the length L2 thereof is as designed. Therefore, the length between the opposite ring magnets 23 of the rotors 10A, 10B is also accordingly accurately determined and the position of each rotor 10A, 10B is consequently accurately determined.
- the rotor yoke 22A is secured on a small diameter portion 12B of the rotating shaft 12.
- the length L1 of the double-sided boss portion 22A-2 of the rotor yoke 22A is also accurately fabricated and the length L1 thereof is as designed. Therefore, the distance from the following stepped portion to the tip of the double-sided boss portion 22A-2 of the rotor yoke 22A becomes equal to the length L1 and is accurately determined: the stepped portion where the large diameter portion 12A of the rotating shaft 12 changes to the small diameter portion 12B.
- the tip of the double-sided boss portion 22A-2 of the rotor yoke 22A functions to position the bearing 13A. Therefore, the securing position of the bearing 13A is also accurately determined.
- the position of the bearing 13A is determined, the position of the first cover 34 with the bearing housing portion 38 formed therein is determined. Therefore, the placement position of the stator 11 can be accurately determined by the length L4 from the outer ring end face receiving portion 38A of the bearing housing portion 38 to the stepped portion 40 together with it. As a result, the air gap g between the rotor 10A and the stator 11 can be accurately obtained.
- the length L2 of the large diameter portion 12A is accurately determined also on the rotor 10B side. Therefore, when the axial length of the stator 11 is accurately determined, the air gap g between the rotor 10B and the stator 11 can be accurately obtained.
- axial gap rotating electrical machines are so structured that components are stacked along the direction of the axis of a rotating shaft. Therefore, the dimension errors of each component are accumulated and it used to be difficult to ensure an accurate air gap. According to the invention, the distance of the air gap between a rotor and a stator can be accurately controlled.
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- Permanent Magnet Type Synchronous Machine (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- The present invention relates to axial gap rotating electrical machines and in particular to an axial gap rotating electrical machine in which a stator and a rotor are placed in the direction of a rotating shaft with an air gap in-between.
- Rotating electrical machines such as motors and generators are used in many industrial fields. Especially, axial gap rotating electrical machines are flat in shape and are capable of delivering large torque; therefore, it is expected that they will be applied to motors used in hybrid automobiles and motors of the outdoor units of air conditioners.
- For example,
JP-A-2007-228790 - In this type of axial gap rotating electrical machine, it is important for the enhancement of efficiency to accurately control the distance of the air gap between the rotor and the stator.
- For example, if the distance of the air gap between a rotor and a stator is larger than desired, the attractive force and repellent force between the stator and the rotor can become smaller than desired. This leads to the degraded performance of the rotating electrical machine. For this reason, it used to be required to maintain the high dimensional accuracy of the air gap when a rotating electrical machine is assembled.
- In general, axial gap rotating electrical machines are so structured that parts comprising the axial gap rotating electrical machine are stacked along the direction of the axis of its rotating shaft. Therefore, the dimension errors of each component are accumulated and it used to be difficult to ensure an accurate air gap.
- It is an object of the invention to provide an axial gap rotating electrical machine in which it is possible to accurately control the distance of the air gap between a rotor and a stator.
- The invention is characterized in that: a large diameter portion and a small diameter portion are formed in a rotating shaft; a stepped portion is formed therebetween to secure a rotor yoke and the position of a rotor is thereby determined; the position of a bearing for rotatably supporting the rotating shaft, secured in a housing, is determined by this secured portion of the rotor yoke; and the position of the housing is determined by the position of the bearing and the position where a stator should be secured is thereby determined by a stepped portion formed in the inner circumference of the housing.
- According to the invention, it is possible to determine the position of the housing relative to the rotating shaft from the position of the rotor and determine the securing position of the stator in this state. This makes it possible to accurately obtain the distance of the air gap between the stator and the rotor.
- In the drawings
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FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of an axial gap rotating electrical machine in an embodiment of the invention; -
FIG. 2 is an appearance perspective view of a rotor yoke illustrated inFIG. 1 ; -
FIG. 3 is an appearance perspective view of a ring magnet illustrated inFIG. 1 ; -
FIG. 4 is an appearance perspective view of a rotor illustrated inFIG. 1 ; -
FIG. 5 is a sectional view showing a section of the rotor illustrated inFIG. 2 ; -
FIG. 6 is a longitudinal sectional view obtained when the rotors and rotating shaft illustrated inFIG. 1 are mated together, in which a stator that should be placed between the rotors is omitted; -
FIG. 7 is a sectional view showing a section of the secured area between the rotor illustrated inFIG. 4 and the rotating shaft; -
FIG. 8 is an appearance perspective view obtained when the second housing illustrated inFIG. 1 is sectioned; -
FIG. 9 is an appearance perspective view of the stator illustrated inFIG. 1 ; -
FIG. 10 is an appearance perspective view obtained when the first housing illustrated inFIG. 1 is sectioned; -
FIG. 11 is an enlarged sectional view obtained when the vicinity of the first housing and rotating shaft illustrated inFIG. 1 is enlarged and sectioned; -
FIG. 12 is a longitudinal sectional view obtained when a first housing and a second housing are mated together and a stator is placed therein, in which rotors that should be placed on both sides of the stator are omitted; -
FIG. 13 is an assembly drawing illustrating assembly sequences for an axial gap rotating electrical machine in an embodiment of the invention, in which rotors are omitted; and -
FIG. 14 is a longitudinal sectional view of an axial gap rotating electrical machine in another embodiment of the invention. - Hereafter, a detailed description will be given to embodiments of the invention with reference to the drawings. The invention is not limited to the following embodiments and the scope of the invention embraces various modifications and applications within the technological concept of the invention.
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FIG. 1 shows a longitudinal section of an axial gap rotating electrical machine illustrating a first embodiment of the invention. The description of this embodiment relates to the configuration of a two-rotor/one-stator axial gap rotating electrical machine. The invention can also been applied to one-rotor/one-stator and one-rotor/two-stator axial gap rotating electrical machines. - The axial gap rotating electrical machine in
FIG. 1 is comprised of: two disk-like rotors stator 11 placed between therotors shaft 12 securing eachrotor first housing 14A and asecond housing 14B rotatably holding both ends of the rotatingshaft 12 bybearings - The
first housing 14A is in the shape of a closed-end cylinder (the shape of a cup) and thestator 11 is secured therein. Thesecond housing 14B is so configured as to cover an opening of thefirst housing 14A and they are secured together with bolts at the portion of abracket 15. - Therefore, the rotating
shaft 12 is rotatably supported by thebearing 13A provided at thebottom portion 14A-1 of thefirst housing 14A and thebearing 13B provided at thecenter portion 14B-1 of thesecond housing 14B. - The inner ring of the
bearing 13A provided at the bottom portion of thefirst housing 14A is secured on the rotatingshaft 12; and the outer ring thereof is secured in a bearinghousing portion 16 formed in thebottom portion 14A-1 of thefirst housing 14A. The outer ring is integrated with thefirst housing 14A by abearing retainer 17A provided at thebottom portion 14A-1 of thefirst housing 14A. - The inner ring of the
bearing 13B provided at thecenter portion 14B-1 of thesecond housing 14B is secured on the rotatingshaft 12; and the outer ring thereof is secured in a bearinghousing portion 18 formed in thecenter portion 14B-1 of thesecond housing 14B. Position adjustment of the rotatingshaft 12 can be facilitated by making the rotatingshaft 12 movable relative to the inner ring of thebearing 13B on thesecond housing 14B side or making the outer ring movable relative to the bearinghousing portion 18. In this embodiment, the bearing 13B is secured with abearing retainer 17B. - The
stator 11 has the outer circumference thereof secured on thefirst housing 14A withsynthetic resin 19 having adhesive properties. The inner circumference of thestator 11 is opposed to the rotatingshaft 12 with a predetermined gap in-between. - The
stator 11 is comprised of acore 20 and a winding 21 and the winding 21 is wound around thecore 20 with an insulating material in-between. - The
rotors rotor yoke several segment magnets 23 circumferentially placed on the surface of each of therotor yokes ring magnet 23 is placed in opposition to acore 20 with a predetermined air gap g in-between. - In the axial gap rotating electrical machine, as seen from the drawing, the
rotors stator 11 are placed in parallel in the direction of the axis of the rotatingshaft 12. In the drawing, therotor 10A, air gap g,stator 11, air gap g, androtor 10B are placed from bottom in this order along the direction of the axis. - The
core 20 of thestator 11 can be formed of a laminated or a wound core made from electromagnetic steel plates or amorphous foil bands, or a soft magnetic powder core. The winding 22 can be formed of a copper wire or an aluminum wire and thering magnet 12 can be formed of a ferrite magnet, a neodymium magnet, or the like. - Hereafter, a description will be given to the configuration of each part of an axial gap rotating electrical machine comprised of these members.
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FIG. 2 to FIG. 5 representatively illustrate the configuration of therotor 10A. Therotor 10B is of substantially the same configuration and the description thereof will be omitted. - The
rotor 10A is comprised of anannular rotor yoke 22A and aring magnet 23 placed over the surface of theannular rotor yoke 22A. Thering magnet 23 is comprised of multiple magnetic pole pieces and the number of magnetic poles is determined by these magnetic pole pieces. -
FIG. 2 illustrates the configuration of therotor yoke 22A. Therotor yoke 22A has a function of holding thering magnet 23. Therotor yoke 22A is annularly formed and it is formed of a magnetic material, such as iron or magnetic stainless steel, to effectively transfer magnetic force. An outercircumferential wall portion 24 erected in the axial direction is formed on the outer circumference side of therotor yoke 22A; and an innercircumferential wall portion 25 also erected in the axial direction is formed on the inner circumference side thereof. Anannular groove portion 26 for housing thering magnet 23 is formed therebetween. The innercircumferential wall portion 25 is provided in the center thereof with asecuring hole 27 secured on the rotatingshaft 12. - Due to the changing flux from stator slot opening and space harmonics generated by the stator winding,, eddy current loss is produced in the
rotor yoke 22A. To reduce eddy current loss, it is desired to use a laminated core, such as an electromagnetic steel plate wound core or an amorphous wound core, for therotor yoke 22A. -
FIG. 3 illustrates the configuration of thering magnet 23. The reason why thering magnet 23 is used is to cope with centrifugal force arising from the rotation of therotor 10A. - In the
ring magnet 23, a desired magnetic pole shape is magnetized. As an example of the magnetic pole shape, a required number ofmagnetic pole pieces 23A are radially formed so that each magnetic pole piece is in a fan shape. However, any other shape is also acceptable. With respect to the type of the magnet, a ferrite magnet, a sintered neodymium magnet, or the like can be used; however, any other appropriate magnet may be used. - When the thus configured
ring magnet 23 is housed in theannular groove portion 26 in therotor yoke 22A, therotor 10A illustrated inFIG. 4 andFIG. 5 is completed. - The depth of the
annular groove portion 26 is 1/3 of the thickness of thering magnet 23 or below for preventing thering magnet 23 from coming off in the radial direction. The reason for this is that the depth of 1/3 or above is undesirable in terms of the rigidity of therotor yoke 22A and the like. - As illustrated in
FIG. 4 andFIG. 5 , the following measure is taken to secure thering magnet 23 in theannular groove portion 26 in therotor yoke 22A: adam portion 28 having V-shaped sections is circumferentially formed by swaging in the innercircumferential wall portion 25 in proximity to the inner circumferential portion of thering magnet 23 of therotor yoke 22A. - The
dam portion 28 by swaging is formed as follows: thering magnet 23 is placed in thegroove portion 26 and then an annular V-shaped punch having a diameter smaller than the inside diameter of thering magnet 23 is applied to the innercircumferential wall portion 25; and the innercircumferential wall portion 25 of therotor yoke 22A is thereby brought to the inner circumference side of thering magnet 23 to secure together thering magnet 23 and therotor yoke 22A. A similar dam portion may also be formed on the outer circumference side of therotor yoke 22A. - The
rotor yoke 22A includes aflat portion 22A-1 holding thering magnet 23 and a one-sided boss portion 22A-2 forming the securinghole 27. In this embodiment, the length L1 from the surface of theflat portion 22A-1 to the tip portion of the one-sided boss portion 22A-2 is accurately controlled. The length L1 serves an important function for accurately assembling the air gap g between therotor 10A (and 10B) and thestator 11, which will be described later. -
FIG. 6 illustrates the configuration obtained when therotors rotating shaft 12 are combined and secured together. When the two rotors are combined, in reality, thestator 11 is positioned therebetween; however, the depiction of thestator 11 is omitted for the sake of explanation. - A
large diameter portion 12A is formed in the vicinity of the center of therotating shaft 12 and asmall diameter portion 12B is formed on both sides of thelarge diameter portion 12A with a steppedportion 29 in-between. Thelarge diameter portion 12A is opposed to the inner circumferential portion of thestator 11 and thesmall diameter portions 12B are portions where the rotor yokes 22A, 22B are secured. The rotor yokes 22A, 22B are configured so that they are secured in tight contact with the steppedportions 29. - The length L2 of the
large diameter portion 12A between thesmall diameter portions 12B also serves an important function for accurately assembling the air gap g between the rotors 10 and thestator 11. That is, the length L2 of thelarge diameter portion 12A of therotating shaft 12 is accurately controlled; as a result, the length (L2) between theflat portions 22A-1, 22B-1 of the respective rotor yokes 22A, 22B of the tworotors - As mentioned above, the length L2 of the
large diameter portion 12A and the length L1 from the tip of the one-sided boss portion 22A-2 from theflat portion 22A-1 of therotor yoke 22A are accurately controlled. As a result, the length L3 to the tip of the one-sided boss portion 22A-2, 22B-2 of therotor yoke - The rotors 10 and the
stator 11 pull each other hard by the magnetic attractive force produced therebetween. However, since the rotor yokes 22A, 22B are secured on thesmall diameter portions 12B in tight contact with the steppedportions 29, the following takes place: the movement of the rotor yokes 22A, 22B is arrested by the steppedportions 29 formed between thesmall diameter portions 12B and thelarge diameter portion 12A. This makes it possible to prevent the axial displacement of therotors - As illustrated in
FIG. 7 , the following are secured together by knurled portions 30: the one-sided boss portion 22A-2,22B-2 formed in the rotor yokes 22A, 22B which boss portions function as securing portions forming the securing holes 27 and thesmall diameter portions 12B of therotating shaft 12. Theseknurled portions 30 are utilized to align the magnetic poles of therotors knurled portions 30 make it possible to align therotors knurled portions 30 may be small and they may be shallow. Meanwhile, in case of a large-capacity rotating electrical machine, it is required to provide a large number ofdeep knurled portions 30. - A description will be given to the configurations of the
first housing 14A,second housing 14B, andstator 11. -
FIG. 8 illustrates thesecond housing 14B and thesecond housing 14B is in a shallow, closed-end, cylindrical shape. In thecenter portion 14B-1 of thebottom portion 14B-2, the bearinghousing portion 18 for housing the bearing 13B is formed. Abracket 15 is formed on the circumference on the tip side of acylindrical portion 14B-3 and a steppedportion 31 reduced in diameter toward the inner circumference side is formed at the tip. This steppedportion 31 is socket-and-spigot-joined with thefirst housing 14A described later. As shown inFIG. 1 , the steppedportion 31 at the tip functions to arrest the axial movement of thestator 11. -
FIG. 9 illustrates thestator 11 and thestator 11 is comprised of a core 20, acoil 21, and apositioning plate 32. These members are integrally configured by an appropriate securing technique. An insulator such as insulating paper or nonmagnetic bobbin is provided between the core 20 and thecoil 21. For the core, an electromagnetic steel plate, an amorphous core, a magnetic powder core, and combinations thereof can be used. - The
cores 20 and thecoils 21 in numbers matched with a number of slots are provided. Thecores 20 and thecoils 21 in numbers equivalent to the number of slots are annularly placed using thepositioning plates 32. The mated cores and coils can be integrated by securing them together by resin molding, welding, or the like. -
FIG. 10 illustrates thefirst housing 14A andFIG. 11 is an enlarged view of the vicinity of theboss portion 14A-2 of thefirst housing 14A. - The
first housing 14A is in a closed-end cylindrical shape, deeper than thesecond housing 14B and is provided in proximity to the center of thebottom portion 14A-1 with theboss portion 14A-2 forming the bearinghousing portion 16. - A stepped
portion 33 for receiving apositioning plate 32 of thestator 11 is formed in position on the inner circumference side of thecylindrical portion 14A-3. The first housing is increased in diameter on the tip side of the steppedportion 33. It receives and houses the end face of thecylindrical portion 14B-3 of thesecond housing 14B at the end face thereof and they are thereby socket-and-spigot-joined with each other. - The length L4 from the outer ring end
face receiving portion 16A on therotor yoke 10A side of thebearing 13A in the bearinghousing portion 16 formed in theboss portion 14A-2 to the steppedportion 33 is also accurately controlled. As a result, the placement position of thestator 11 can be accurately determined by the length L1 of the one-sided boss portion of therotor yoke 10A and the length L4 from the outer ring endface receiving portion 16A to the steppedportion 33. -
FIG. 12 illustrates the configuration obtained when thefirst housing 14A, second housing 14, andstator 11 are combined and secured together. When these members are combined, in reality, therotors rotating shaft 12 illustrated inFIG. 6 are positioned therebetween; however, the depiction thereof is omitted for the sake of explanation. - In
FIG. 12 , thebearings housing portions respective housings retainers - The
positioning plate 32 placed on one side of thestator 11 is positioned and placed in the steppedportion 33 of thefirst housing 14A. Thepositioning plate 32 placed on the other side of thestator 11 is pressed by the tip of thecylindrical portion 14B-3 of thesecond housing 14B and thereby positioned. The axial position of thestator 11 can be determined by these configuration elements. To stop the circumferential whirl of thestator 11, it can be secured by a knock pin, not shown, or by integrally molding thestator 11 and thecylindrical portion 14A-3 of thefirst housing 14A with resin. - A description will be given to the reason why the distance of the air gap between each rotor and the stator of an axial gap rotating electrical machine in this embodiment can be accurately controlled with reference to
FIG. 1 again. - As mentioned above, the
large diameter portion 12A of therotating shaft 12 is accurately fabricated and the length L2 thereof is as designed. Therefore, the length between theopposite ring magnets 23 of therotors rotor - Subsequently, the
rotor yoke 22A is secured on asmall diameter portion 12B of therotating shaft 12. The length L1 of the one-sided boss portion 22A-2 of therotor yoke 22A is also accurately fabricated and the length L1 thereof is as designed. Therefore, the distance from the following stepped portion to the tip of the one-sided boss portion 22A-2 of therotor yoke 22A becomes equal to the length L1 and is accurately determined: the steppedportion 29 where thelarge diameter portion 12A of therotating shaft 12 changes to thesmall diameter portion 12B. - The tip of the one-
sided boss portion 22A-2 of therotor yoke 22A functions to position the inner ring of thebearing 13A. Therefore, the securing position of the bearing 13A is also accurately determined. - When the position of the bearing 13A is determined, the position of the
first housing 14A with the bearinghousing portion 16 formed therein is determined. Therefore, the placement position of thestator 11 can be accurately determined by the length L4 from the outer ring endface receiving portion 16A of the bearinghousing portion 16 to the steppedportion 33 together with it. As a result, the air gap g between therotor 10A and thestator 11 can be accurately obtained. - Similarly, the length L2 of the
large diameter portion 12A is accurately determined also on therotor 10B side. Therefore, when the axial length of thestator 11 is accurately determined, the air gap g between therotor 10B and thestator 11 can be accurately obtained. - The above description has been given from the rotating
shaft 12 side to thefirst housing 14A side. It also applies conversely from thefirst housing 14A side to therotating shaft 12 side. -
FIG. 13 illustrates assembly sequences for an axial gap rotating electrical machine in this embodiment. As mentioned above, the rotating electrical machine in this embodiment is assembled by sequentially stacking members from thefirst housing 14A side. Also in this drawing, the depiction of therotors - First, the bearing 13A is secured in the
boss portion 14A-2 formed in thebottom portion 14A-1 of the first housing from outside. - Subsequently, the rotating
shaft 12 with therotor 10A secured on asmall diameter portion 12B thereof is placed in thefirst housing 14A. Thesmall diameter portion 12B of therotating shaft 12 is inserted into the bearing 13A until the tip of the one-sided boss portion 22A-2 of therotor yoke 22A hits the inner ring of thebearing 13A. - Subsequently, the
stator 11 is placed in thefirst housing 14A and thestator 11 is inserted until apositioning plate 32 hits the steppedportion 33 of thefirst housing 14A. - Subsequently, the
rotor 10B is inserted onto asmall diameter portion 12B of therotating shaft 12 until it hits a steppedportion 29 of thelarge diameter portion 12A. - Subsequently, the bearing 13B is attached to the
small diameter portion 12B of therotating shaft 12 and lastly, thesecond housing 14B is put on the first housing and therespective brackets 15 are secured with bolts. The axial gap rotating electrical machine is thus assembled. With respect to the bearing 13B, the following can be implemented by replacing the bearingretainer 17B with an elastic body such as a spring: the displacement of therotating shaft 12 in the axial direction can be cancelled and the abnormal noise can be suppressed. - According to the above-mentioned embodiment, accurate air gaps can be obtained and further the following action and effects can be brought about:
- (1) The knurled portion is provided in the inner circumferential portion of each rotor yoke and the outer circumferential portion of the rotating shaft. This makes it easier to position the magnetic poles between the individual rotors. As a result, the number of assembling parts can be reduced.
- (2) The ring magnet is used for the rotor magnets. This makes the axial gap rotating electrical machine resistant to centrifugal force produced during the rotation thereof.
- (3) The depth of the groove portion provided in each rotor yoke is set to 1/3 of the thickness of each magnet or below and the inner circumferential wall portion thereof is swaged. Therefore, the rotor yokes and the ring magnets can be easily assembled.
- (4) Each rotor is sandwiched and secured between a bearing and the large diameter portion of the rotating shaft. This makes it possible to reduce problems such as malfunction of a bearing due to magnetic attractive force.
- (5) At least one bearing makes it possible to accurately determine the positions of the stator and a rotor secured in a housing. By allowing the other bearing to freely move in the axial direction, any dimensional tolerance of each part can be absorbed. When the position of one bearing is determined, as mentioned above, the positions of other related parts can also be uniquely and accurately determined. In addition, the motor parts can be assembled by stacking and they can be easily dismantled.
- (6) Since the first housing and the second housing are secured together with brackets, the axial length of each housing can be adjusted. Therefore, it is possible to absorb any dimension error and assembly error of each part.
- A description will be given to a second embodiment of the invention with reference to
FIG. 14 . This embodiment has a configuration close to that of a product but it adopts basically the same configuration as that of the first embodiment. - The axial gap rotating electrical machine in
FIG. 14 is comprised of: two disk-like rotors stator 11 placed between therotors rotating shaft 12 securing eachrotor first cover 34 and asecond cover 35 rotatably holding both ends of therotating shaft 12 bybearings housing 36 with double open ends, housing thestator 11 and therotors first cover 34 and thesecond cover 35; and the like. - The
housing 36 is in a cylindrical shape and thestator 11 is secured therein. Thefirst cover 34 and thesecond cover 35 close the openings of thehousing 36 and they are secured together withbolts 37. - Therefore, the rotating
shaft 12 is rotatably supported by thebearing 13A provided in theboss portion 34A of thefirst cover 34 and thebearing 13B provided in theboss portion 35A in proximity to the center portion of thesecond cover 35. - The inner ring of the
bearing 13A provided in thefirst cover 34 is secured on asmall diameter portion 12B of therotating shaft 12; and the outer ring thereof is secured in the bearinghousing portion 38 formed in theboss portion 34A of thefirst cover 34. The outer ring is integrated with thefirst cover 34 by a bearingretainer 17A provided in theboss portion 34A of thefirst cover 34. The bearingretainer 17A is secured in theboss portion 34A with abolt 39. - The inner ring of the
bearing 13B provided in theboss portion 35A in proximity to the center portion of thesecond cover 35 is secured on asmall diameter portion 12B of therotating shaft 12; and the outer ring thereof is secured in the bearinghousing portion 43 formed in theboss portion 35A of thesecond cover 35. - The
stator 11 has the outer circumference thereof secured on the inner circumferential wall of thehousing 36 by synthetic resin having adhesive properties. The inner circumference of thestator 11 is opposed to therotating shaft 12 with a predetermined gap in-between. - The
stator 11 is comprised of acore 20 and a winding 21 and the winding 21 is wound around thecore 20 with an insulating material in-between. - The
rotors rotor yoke flat ring magnet 23 circumferentially placed on the surface of each of the rotor yokes 22A, 22B. Eachring magnet 23 is placed in opposition to a core 20 with a predetermined air gap g in-between. - In the axial gap rotating electrical machine, as seen from the drawing, the
rotors stator 11 are placed in parallel in the direction of the axis of therotating shaft 12. In the drawing, therotor 10A, air gap g,stator 11, air gap g, androtor 10B are placed from bottom in this order along the direction of the axis. - As in the first embodiment, the
rotor yoke 22A includes aflat portion 22A-1 holding thering magnet 23 and a double-sided boss portion 22A-2 forming the securinghole 27. In this embodiment, the length L1 from the surface of theflat portion 22A-1 to the tip of the double-sided boss portion 22-A is accurately controlled. The length L1 serves an important function for accurately assembling the air gap g between therotor 10A (and 10B) and thestator 11, which will be described later. - A
large diameter portion 12A is formed in the vicinity of the center of therotating shaft 12 and asmall diameter portion 12B is formed on both sides of thelarge diameter portion 12A. Thelarge diameter portion 12A is opposed to the inner circumferential portion of thestator 11 and thesmall diameter portions 12B are portions where the rotor yokes 22A, 22B are secured. - The length L2 of the
large diameter portion 12A between thesmall diameter portions 12B also serves an important function for accurately assembling the air gap g between the rotors 10 and thestator 11. That is, the length L2 of thelarge diameter portion 12A of therotating shaft 12 is accurately controlled; as a result, the length between theflat portions 22A-1, 22B-1 of the respective rotor yokes 22A, 22B of the tworotors - As mentioned above, the length L2 of the
large diameter portion 12A and the length L1 of the double-sided boss portion 22A-2 of therotor yoke 22A are accurately controlled. As a result, the length to the tip of the double-sided boss portion 22A-2 of therotor yoke 22A is also accurately controlled. - The
rotors stator 11 pull each other hard by the magnetic attractive force produced therebetween. However, since the rotor yokes 22A, 22B are secured on thesmall diameter portion 12B, the following takes place: the movement of the rotor yokes 22A, 22B is arrested by the steppedportions 29 formed between thesmall diameter portions 12B and thelarge diameter portion 12A. This makes it possible to prevent the axial displacement of therotors - A stepped
portion 40 for receiving apositioning plate 32 of thestator 11 is formed in position on the inner circumference side of thehousing 36. The housing is increased in diameter on the tip side of the steppedportion 40 and is secured together with thesecond cover 35 at the end face thereof with thebolts 37. - The length L4 from the following to the stepped
portion 40 is also accurately controlled: the outer ring endface receiving portion 38A on therotor yoke 10A side of thebearing 13A of the bearinghousing portion 38 formed in theboss portion 34A of thefirst cover 34. As a result, the placement position of thestator 11 can be accurately determined by the following: the length L1 of the double-sided boss portion of therotor yoke 10A and the length L4 from the outer ring endface receiving portion 38A to the steppedportion 40. - The
positioning plate 32 placed on one side of thestator 11 is positioned and placed in the steppedportion 40 of thehousing 36. To stop the circumferential whirl of thestator 11, it can be secured by a knock pin, not shown, or by integrally molding thestator 11 and the inner circumferential portion of thehousing 36 with resin. - A cooling
fan 41 is secured on therotating shaft 12 outside thesecond cover 35 and heat produced in thecoil 21 is let out. - The cooling
fan 41 is covered with a mesh or aprotective cover 42 in a similar shape for the sake of safety. - A description will be given to the reason why the distance of the air gap between each rotor and the stator of an axial gap rotating electrical machine in this embodiment can be accurately controlled.
- As mentioned above, the
large diameter portion 12A of therotating shaft 12 is accurately fabricated and the length L2 thereof is as designed. Therefore, the length between theopposite ring magnets 23 of therotors rotor - Subsequently, the
rotor yoke 22A is secured on asmall diameter portion 12B of therotating shaft 12. The length L1 of the double-sided boss portion 22A-2 of therotor yoke 22A is also accurately fabricated and the length L1 thereof is as designed. Therefore, the distance from the following stepped portion to the tip of the double-sided boss portion 22A-2 of therotor yoke 22A becomes equal to the length L1 and is accurately determined: the stepped portion where thelarge diameter portion 12A of therotating shaft 12 changes to thesmall diameter portion 12B. - The tip of the double-
sided boss portion 22A-2 of therotor yoke 22A functions to position thebearing 13A. Therefore, the securing position of the bearing 13A is also accurately determined. - When the position of the bearing 13A is determined, the position of the
first cover 34 with the bearinghousing portion 38 formed therein is determined. Therefore, the placement position of thestator 11 can be accurately determined by the length L4 from the outer ring endface receiving portion 38A of the bearinghousing portion 38 to the steppedportion 40 together with it. As a result, the air gap g between therotor 10A and thestator 11 can be accurately obtained. - Similarly, the length L2 of the
large diameter portion 12A is accurately determined also on therotor 10B side. Therefore, when the axial length of thestator 11 is accurately determined, the air gap g between therotor 10B and thestator 11 can be accurately obtained. - As mentioned above, axial gap rotating electrical machines are so structured that components are stacked along the direction of the axis of a rotating shaft. Therefore, the dimension errors of each component are accumulated and it used to be difficult to ensure an accurate air gap. According to the invention, the distance of the air gap between a rotor and a stator can be accurately controlled.
- In the above description, cases where the invention is applied to two-rotor/one-stator axial gap rotating electrical machines have been taken as examples. Aside therefrom, the invention is also applicable to one-rotor/one-stator axial gap rotating electrical machines, one-rotor/two-stator axial gap rotating electrical machines, and the like.
Claims (15)
- An axial gap rotating electrical machine comprising:a rotating shaft having a stepped portion between a large diameter portion and a small diameter portion;a rotor comprised of a rotor yoke secured on the small diameter portion of the rotating shaft in tight contact with the stepped portion and a permanent magnet secured on the inside surface of the rotor yoke;a first housing holding a first bearing positioned by a securing portion which is provided on the rotor yoke and secures the rotor yoke on the small diameter portion of the rotating shaft and rotatably supporting the rotating shaft;a stator positioned and secured by a stepped portion formed in the inner circumferential wall of the first housing so that the stator is opposed to the permanent magnet with a predetermined air gap in-between on the inner circumference of the first housing; anda second housing coupled with the housing and having therein a second bearing which rotatably supports the rotating shaft.
- An axial gap rotating electrical machine comprising:a rotating shaft having a stepped portion between a large diameter portion and a small diameter portion;a rotor comprised of a rotor yoke secured on the small diameter portion of the rotating shaft in tight contact with the stepped portion and a permanent magnet secured on the inside surface of the rotor yoke;a first cover positioned by a securing portion which is provided in the rotor yoke and secures the rotor yoke on the small diameter portion of the rotating shaft and holding a first bearing which rotatably supports the rotating shaft;a cylindrical housing coupled with the first cover and housing the rotor therein;a stator positioned and secured by a stepped portion formed in an inner circumferential wall of the housing so that the stator is opposed to the permanent magnet with a predetermined air gap in-between on the inner circumference of the housing; anda second cover coupled with the housing and having therein a second bearing which rotatably supports the rotating shaft.
- The axial gap rotating electrical machine according to Claim 1,
wherein a small diameter portion is formed on both sides of the large diameter portion of the rotating shaft with a stepped portion in-between,
and a pair of rotors are respectively secured on the small diameter portions. - The axial gap rotating electrical machine according to Claim 1 ,
wherein the securing portion provided in the rotor yoke is a one-sided boss portion or a double-sided boss portion. - The axial gap rotating electrical machine according to Claim 4,
wherein the boss portion provided in the rotor yoke positions the inner ring of the first bearing and the outer ring of the first bearing is secured in the first housing. - The axial gap rotating electrical machine according to Claim 5,
wherein the outer ring of the first bearing is secured in the first housing through a bearing retainer. - The axial gap rotating electrical machine according to Claim 1 ,
wherein the inner circumferential portion of the rotor yoke and the outer circumferential portion of the small diameter portion of the rotating shaft are secured together by knurling. - The axial gap rotating electrical machine according to Claim 1 ,
wherein the permanent magnet is a ring magnet. - The axial gap rotating electrical machine according to Claim 8,
wherein the rotor yoke has an outer circumferential wall portion and an inner circumferential wall portion,
the ring magnet is placed in an annular groove portion therebetween,
and the depth of the groove being made equal to 1/3 of the thickness of the ring magnet or below. - The axial gap rotating electrical machine according to Claim 8,
wherein the rotor yoke has an outer circumferential wall portion and an inner circumferential wall portion,
the ring magnet is placed in an annular groove portion therebetween,
and part of the inner circumferential wall portion being brought to the inner circumference side of the ring magnet to secure the rotor yoke and the ring magnet. - The axial gap rotating electrical machine according to Claim 4,
wherein the boss portion of the rotor yoke is sandwiched and secured between the first bearing and the stepped portion of the rotating shaft. - The axial gap rotating electrical machine according to Claim 1,
wherein the first housing and the second housing are coupled together by joining brackets formed on the outer circumference thereof. - The axial gap rotating electrical machine according to Claim 2 ,
wherein the securing portion provided in the rotor yoke is a one-sided boss portion or a double-sided boss portion. - The axial gap rotating electrical machine according to Claim 13,
wherein the boss portion provided in the rotor yoke positions the inner ring of the first bearing and the outer ring of the first bearing is secured in the first cover. - The axial gap rotating electrical machine according to Claim 14,
wherein the outer ring of the first bearing is secured in the the first cover through a bearing retainer.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2012176866A JP5972099B2 (en) | 2012-08-09 | 2012-08-09 | Axial gap type rotating electrical machine |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP2696481A2 true EP2696481A2 (en) | 2014-02-12 |
EP2696481A3 EP2696481A3 (en) | 2016-03-09 |
EP2696481B1 EP2696481B1 (en) | 2019-02-20 |
Family
ID=48985569
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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EP13179453.9A Not-in-force EP2696481B1 (en) | 2012-08-09 | 2013-08-06 | Axial gap rotating electrical machine |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US9350206B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP2696481B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP5972099B2 (en) |
CN (1) | CN103580425B (en) |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP2696481A3 (en) | 2016-03-09 |
EP2696481B1 (en) | 2019-02-20 |
US20140042859A1 (en) | 2014-02-13 |
CN103580425B (en) | 2017-07-28 |
JP5972099B2 (en) | 2016-08-17 |
US9350206B2 (en) | 2016-05-24 |
CN103580425A (en) | 2014-02-12 |
JP2014036519A (en) | 2014-02-24 |
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