EP2695712A1 - Anlage zur Oberflächenbehandlung mit Wasserstrahl von Elementen aus steinigem Material - Google Patents

Anlage zur Oberflächenbehandlung mit Wasserstrahl von Elementen aus steinigem Material Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2695712A1
EP2695712A1 EP13003655.1A EP13003655A EP2695712A1 EP 2695712 A1 EP2695712 A1 EP 2695712A1 EP 13003655 A EP13003655 A EP 13003655A EP 2695712 A1 EP2695712 A1 EP 2695712A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
nozzles
plant
jets
head
worked
Prior art date
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Granted
Application number
EP13003655.1A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP2695712B1 (de
Inventor
Claudio Lovato
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
MAEMA Srl
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MAEMA Srl
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Priority to PL13003655T priority Critical patent/PL2695712T3/pl
Publication of EP2695712A1 publication Critical patent/EP2695712A1/de
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Publication of EP2695712B1 publication Critical patent/EP2695712B1/de
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28D—WORKING STONE OR STONE-LIKE MATERIALS
    • B28D1/00—Working stone or stone-like materials, e.g. brick, concrete or glass, not provided for elsewhere; Machines, devices, tools therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26F—PERFORATING; PUNCHING; CUTTING-OUT; STAMPING-OUT; SEVERING BY MEANS OTHER THAN CUTTING
    • B26F3/00—Severing by means other than cutting; Apparatus therefor
    • B26F3/004—Severing by means other than cutting; Apparatus therefor by means of a fluid jet

Definitions

  • the present invention generally finds application in the field of stone working and particularly relates to a multi-jet plant for water-jet surface working of semi-finished products made of stone, cementitious materials, conglomerates, granites and the like.
  • jets are adapted to create surface deformations, possibly associated with material removal, to provide technical and/or aesthetic effects, such as abrasion, scratching, roughening, scraping, marking or similar surface alterations.
  • multi-jet plants having a multi-jet head that is moved above the surface of the product to be worked, which is generally in slab form, to direct a plurality of high-pressure water jets thereon.
  • the water jet is mixed with a powdered abrasive material, which is adapted to be propelled at high speed with the jet on the surface to be worked.
  • the deformation effect is mainly caused by the action of the abrasive material, and water pressures may be maintained at relatively low levels.
  • abrasive materials involves a variety of problems, mainly associated with the management of the abrasive material, that has to be stored and recovered after use.
  • the particles of abrasive material should be prevented from dispersing in the environment, as this might constitute a serious hazard for the operators that control the apparatus.
  • the abrasive material has a deteriorating effect on the parts of the plant contacted thereby, particularly with the mixture feeding line, and with the jet emitting nozzles.
  • US 5,291,694 discloses an apparatus for surface working of slabs of stone materials, comprising one or more multi-jet guns, each designed to emit a plurality of high-pressure water jets to be directed to the surface to be worked.
  • a further drawback is that a single rotational and translational motion is imparted to the nozzles, which causes repetitive and schematic reproduction of the working patterns, thereby affecting the aesthetic value of the final product.
  • European Patent EP1045742 discloses a further machine for fluid-jet surface working of stone products using only water.
  • one or more water jets are directed to the surface to be worked at a pressure ranging from 300 bar to 1500 bar.
  • nozzles are displaced relative to the surface to be worked with schematic movements that create repetitive patterns, showing that the product is industrially worked, thereby affecting the aesthetic value of the final product.
  • the main object of this invention is to obviate the above drawbacks, by providing a plant for water jet surface working of products made of stone or the like that is highly efficient and relatively cost-effective.
  • a particular object is to provide a plant for surface working of products made of stone materials that provides particularly distinct surface effects, reproducing the effects of manual processing, only using water jets with no abrasive material therein.
  • Yet another object is to provide a plant for surface working of products made of stone materials, that can create any decorative pattern, possibly of figurative type, or even texts, barcodes, QR codes, or the like, without particular limitation, and with a single jet tool driving cycle.
  • a further object is to provide a plant for surface working of products made of stone materials, that affords high operational flexibility, with the possibility of changing the surface texture even while the head is moving.
  • Another important object of the present invention is to provide a method for surface working of products made of stone materials that can provide multiple processing operations of high aesthetic value.
  • a plant for surface working of semi-finished products made of a stone material or the like using abrasive-free liquid jets, which comprises a moving or stationary support base for the products to be worked, a head facing the support base and having a plurality of nozzles for generating jets oriented toward the surface of the products to be worked, feed means for feeding the nozzles with a high-pressure liquid to create cuts on the product being worked, first drive means for forwardly moving the product relative to the head in the longitudinal direction.
  • the plant is characterized in that the nozzles are mutually offset in a transverse direction with a predetermined pitch, adjustment means being associated with the nozzles for continuous adjustment of the projection of their pitch on a vertical plane, substantially parallel to the transverse direction, during operation, to change the transverse distance between the longitudinal cuts made by the jets.
  • the feeding pressure will be above 1500 bar to obtain an evident surface cutting effect.
  • the nozzles may have an outlet with a maximum diameter ranging from 0.10 mm to 0.60 mm, preferably from 0.20 to 0.40 mm, and more preferably of about 0.30 mm.
  • pressure regulator means may be provided, for selective adjustment of the impact pressure of jets on such products being worked.
  • water jets of high strength and high concentration may be directed to the surface, to act like a tool bit, to form particularly sharp cuts.
  • the possibility of adjusting the impact pressure of the individual jets allows the cutting action to be limited or locally omitted to create decorative patterns, texts, codes and the like, at a high definition.
  • a liquid jet plant of the invention may be used for working products made of a stone material such as stone, marble, granite or stone materials in general, cementitious materials, conglomerates or the like, for surface working thereof.
  • the working process may be aimed at creating deformations on the surface S of a product P, possibly caused by material removal, thereby forming a predetermined pattern or texture, or an image, even a complex image.
  • the product P may be in the form of a slab, a block or have a not necessarily regular three-dimensional shape.
  • the plant 1 comprises a moving or stationary support base 2 for the products P to be worked and a head 3 facing the support base 2 and having a plurality of nozzles 4, 4', 4", ... for generating jets J oriented toward the surface S of the product P to be worked.
  • the support base 2 is stationary and has a substantially horizontal orientation, such that the surface S to be worked may face upwards, the head 3 being movable above the base 2. Nevertheless, the plant 1 can also process inclined surfaces S, or surfaces lying on a support base that is inclined to the horizontal, possibly even vertical.
  • the plant 1 also comprises feed means 5 for feeding the nozzles 4, 4', 4",... with a high pressure liquid, preferably water with no abrasive material therein, adapted to generate high-pressure jets J to make cuts on the products P being worked.
  • a high pressure liquid preferably water with no abrasive material therein
  • the head 3 is also associated with first drive means 6 for forward movement thereof in a longitudinal direction X relative to the support base 2, and hence relative to the products P thereon.
  • These first drive means 6 may be designed to longitudinally transfer the head 3 in the longitudinal direction X, like in the illustrated configuration, and/or may be associated with the support base 2, e.g. via a roller bed or a conveyor belt, for longitudinally transferring the product P.
  • the nozzles 4 are mutually offset in a transverse direction Y with a predetermined pitch p.
  • the plant comprises adjustment means 7 associated with the nozzles 4 for continuous adjustment of the projection of their pitch p on a vertical plane ⁇ substantially parallel to the transverse direction Y during operation, to change the transverse distance d between the longitudinal cuts made by the jets J.
  • FIGs. 2 to 5 show three different operating conditions, in which the nozzles 4 are aligned in a direction W coplanar with the transverse direction Y but inclined thereto at three different angles ⁇ , ⁇ , ⁇ , to change their projection relative to the vertical plane ⁇ .
  • the feed means 5 will be adapted to feed the working liquid at a minimum pressure above 1500 bar, with maximum values that may be continuously regulated without limitation, according to the material to be worked and to the thickness of the product P, particularly when the latter is a slab.
  • the plant 1 comprises a stationary loadbearing structure 8 that surrounds the support base 2 and has a pair of substantially longitudinal lateral shoulders 9.
  • the head 3 is supported by a substantially horizontal frame 10, as more clearly shown in Figs. 2 to 7 , which is in turn mounted to a substantially transversely oriented beam 11, having opposite ends 12 that slide on respective longitudinal guides 13 associated with corresponding shoulders 9.
  • the frame 10 supports two additional multi-jet heads 14, 15, disposed at the sides of the first head 3, which heads may be configured as taught in Patent Applications EP1977867 and EP2105275 by the applicant hereof, and have nozzles, generally designated 16 and 17, disposed on respective rotating plates 18 and 19, are connected to the feed means 5 of the first head 3, which allows them to be fed at the above mentioned feeding pressures.
  • the two lateral heads 14, 15 are supported by the frame 10, to be integral with the central head 2, such that they can follow its translational motion.
  • the first drive means 6 may be associated with the ends 12 of the beam 11 and may be of the carriage-driven type, allowing the longitudinal sliding motion of the beam 11.
  • the latter may also have second drive means 20, also possibly of the carriage-driven type, for imparting a longitudinal sliding motion to the frame 10 and hence to the nozzle heads 2, 14 and 15, thereby allowing the working process to be also carried out on surfaces S larger than the maximum transverse dimension of the head 2.
  • second drive means 20 also possibly of the carriage-driven type, for imparting a longitudinal sliding motion to the frame 10 and hence to the nozzle heads 2, 14 and 15, thereby allowing the working process to be also carried out on surfaces S larger than the maximum transverse dimension of the head 2.
  • the plant 2 may further comprise electronic control means, not shown, which are adapted to interpolate the movements imparted by the first drive means 6 and the second drive means 20 and by the adjustment means 7, as well as any other movement as described hereinbelow, to obtain complex motions of the head 2.
  • the central head 2 comprises an elongate body 21 mainly extending in the direction L, with the nozzles 4 being mounted thereto in mutually offset positions and with jets J oriented toward the products being worked.
  • the elongate body 21 is fixed to a support shaft 22, that is pivotally mounted to the horizontal frame 10 to rotate about an axis of rotation R that is substantially perpendicular to the elongate body 21.
  • the feed means 5 may comprise a feed line 23 which is disposed at the periphery of the shaft 22, and is connected to a distribution channel 24 formed in the head 3 and connected to the nozzles 4.
  • the adjustment means 7 may act on the rotating shaft 22 to promote its rotation about the axis of rotation R, which will change the projection of the pitch p and the relative distance d between cuts. Furthermore, they may be designed to also allow the shaft 22 to rotate by 360°, as schematically shown in Fig. 14 , in which the elongate body 21 is outlined by dashed lines, in the possible rotated positions.
  • the rotation of the shaft 22 during processing may be either continuous or discrete, such that corrugated, helical or other complex cuts may be formed without stopping the plant 1.
  • the angular orientation of the head 2 with respect to the transverse direction Y may be also obtained in a non-dynamic manner, i.e. by inclining the elongate body 2 relative to the transverse direction Y at an angle that is kept constant during processing.
  • the nozzles 4 are mounted to the head 3 via respective sections 25 that are movable relative to the elongate body 21 along its main extension axis L.
  • the adjustment means 7 comprise third drive means 26 which act on the sections 25 to change their mutual distance along the extension axis L, thereby adjusting the projection of the nozzles 4 on the vertical transverse plane ⁇ and hence the transverse distance d between cuts.
  • the third drive means 26 in turn comprise interface means 27 for selectively actuating each section 25 relative to the others and changing the relative distance between at least one pair of nozzles 4.
  • the interface means 27 may be of mechanical type, i.e. a rack, or of electromechanical or electronic type or the like, without limitation.
  • the adjustment means 7 may comprise fourth drive means 28 for imparting an inclination ⁇ to the axis of rotation R relative to the vertical, to change the distance of the nozzles from the support base 2.
  • the fourth drive means 28 may be associated directly with the head or with the rotating shaft 22 or the frame 10.
  • the nozzles 4 of the central head 3 may have an outlet 29 with a maximum diameter ⁇ preferably ranging from 0,15 mm to 0,60 mm and more preferably from 0,20 mm to 0,40 mm, e.g. of about 0,30 mm, to ,obtain jets J of very small sizes, and make very neat and accurate cuts.
  • the outlets 29 may be of any shape, e.g. of circular, elliptical, square, rectangular, polygonal or the like shape, without limitation, to obtain cuts of various shapes.
  • pressure regulator means 30 may be provided, for selective adjustment of the impact pressure of jets J on the products P being worked.
  • the pressure regulator means 30 are conveniently associated with electronic control means, not shown, for selective interaction of the pressure regulator means 30 with the nozzles 4, such that the intensity of the individual jets J may be adjusted independently of one another.
  • the pressure regulator means 30 comprise deflector members 31 located downstream from each nozzle 4 to intercept the jet J and change the impact force on the surface S to be worked.
  • the deflector members 31 may be of mechanical or electromechanical type and may comprise a plate 32, which is designed to move between an inoperative position, external to the relevant jet J and an operative position in which the plate 32 at least partially obstructs the outlet 29 of the corresponding nozzle 4, thereby reducing the flow rate of the jet J and hence impact pressure.
  • the deflector means may be of the compressed-air type, with respective nozzles arranged at the water jet nozzles 4, to blow a high-speed air flow to the jets J, and deflect the latter, thereby reducing impact pressure on the surface S to considerably reduce the cut.
  • the pressure regulator means 30 may be associated with the feed means 5 and comprise a plurality of electronically controlled valves operatively connected to each nozzle 4 for selective adjustment of their feeding pressure.
  • the water for feeding the nozzles 4 may be added with electrically polarizing materials, such as mineral salts, whereas the feed means 5 may comprise means for electrically charging the water that flows out of the nozzles.
  • the pressure regulator means 30 may be in turn associated with an electric or electromagnetic field generator, which is adapted to deflect the electrically charged jets J, to impart a repulsive electric or electromagnetic force thereto.
  • the feed means 5 may be designed to draw the abrasive-free water of the emitted jets J and recirculate it after filtration, to convey it to the nozzles 4, thereby allowing recycling and avoiding water waste.
  • the pressure regulator means 30 may comprise fifth drive means, not shown, for selectively rotating the elongate body 21 about its main extension axis L and/or one or more of the nozzles 4, as schematically shown in Fig. 18 , thereby allowing the jets J to be inclined to the vertical.
  • jets J may be inclined to operate in the same direction as the longitudinal transfer direction X of the head 3, or in a direction opposite thereto, thereby further increasing the operativity of the plant 1.
  • All the above mentioned drive means may include mechanical, electromechanical, hydraulic, oil-hydraulic, pneumatic, manual or automated actuators, possibly controlled in an independent manner, and with procedures that are typical for this type of plants, and within the skill of the art.
  • the method basically comprises a step a) of providing a moving or stationary support base for the products P to be worked, a step b) of providing a plurality of nozzles 4 for generating jets J oriented toward the products P to be worked, a step c) of feeding the nozzles with a high-pressure liquid to create cuts on the products P being worked, a step d) of forwardly moving the products P relative to the nozzles 4 in a longitudinal direction X.
  • the nozzles 4 are placed in mutually offset positions with a predetermined pitch p in a transverse direction Y, and the method comprises a step e) of continuously adjusting the projection of their pitch p on a vertical plane ⁇ substantially parallel to the transverse direction Y, to change the transverse distance d between the longitudinal cuts made by the jets J.
  • the step c) of feeding the jets comprises feeding totally abrasive-free water, at a feeding pressure above 1500 bar.
  • the method may also comprise one or more additional steps of controlled displacement of the jets J relative to the product P being worked in one or more directions of translation and/or rotation, and a step of selective regulation of the impact pressure of jets, for carrying out all the operations as described above for the plant.
  • the step e) of adjusting the pitch p of the nozzles 4 may comprise a step f) of joined rotation of the nozzles 4 about an axis of rotation R substantially orthogonal to the support base 2.
  • the pitch p may be adjusted by mutually transferring the nozzles 4 parallel to the transverse direction Y, possibly but not necessarily combining the above mentioned joined rotation about the axis R.
  • a step g) may be provided of selectively regulating the impact pressure of the jets J on the products P being worked, said step being carried out by deflecting the individual jets J such that they do not impact the surface S being worked or impact it with not enough energy to deform the material and/or by selectively stopping water feeding to the individual nozzles 4.
  • a step h) may be provided of inclining the jets J relative to the vertical to selectively change their distance from the support base 2.
  • a step i) may be provided for recovering the feeding water of the emitted jets to recirculate and reuse it for feeding the nozzles 4, possibly after filtration, thereby creating a closed loop.
  • the plant of the invention fulfills the intended objects and particularly meets the requirement of allowing the formation of a multiplicity of well-defined decorative patterns on the surface of the products, which patterns may be of either abstract or figurative type, or possibly consist of text, barcodes, QR codes or the like.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Processing Of Stones Or Stones Resemblance Materials (AREA)
  • Perforating, Stamping-Out Or Severing By Means Other Than Cutting (AREA)
EP13003655.1A 2012-08-09 2013-07-22 Anlage zur Oberflächenbehandlung mit Wasserstrahl von Elementen aus steinigem Material Active EP2695712B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL13003655T PL2695712T3 (pl) 2012-08-09 2013-07-22 Urządzenie do obróbki powierzchniowej strumieniem wody elementów wykonanych z materiałów kamiennych

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT000207A ITVI20120207A1 (it) 2012-08-09 2012-08-09 Impianto per la lavorazione superficiale a getto d'acqua di prodotti semilavorati in materiale lapideo

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2695712A1 true EP2695712A1 (de) 2014-02-12
EP2695712B1 EP2695712B1 (de) 2016-11-02

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EP13003655.1A Active EP2695712B1 (de) 2012-08-09 2013-07-22 Anlage zur Oberflächenbehandlung mit Wasserstrahl von Elementen aus steinigem Material

Country Status (6)

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EP (1) EP2695712B1 (de)
DK (1) DK2695712T3 (de)
ES (1) ES2612936T3 (de)
IT (1) ITVI20120207A1 (de)
PL (1) PL2695712T3 (de)
PT (1) PT2695712T (de)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106737217A (zh) * 2016-12-23 2017-05-31 广东技术师范学院 一种水射流加工装置

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5291694A (en) 1991-06-03 1994-03-08 Jse Corporation Apparatus and method of working and finish treating a stone surface
WO1999032262A1 (en) * 1997-12-18 1999-07-01 Apuania Corsi S.R.L. Method and plant for surface abrasive treatment of stone materials, particularly stone slabs
EP1977867A1 (de) 2007-03-19 2008-10-08 MAEMA S.r.l. Strahlwerkzeug und Werkzeughaltekopf für die Bearbeitung von Platten und Blöcken aus Stein, Zement oder derartigen Materialien
EP2105275A2 (de) 2008-03-28 2009-09-30 MAEMA S.r.l. Verfahren und Mehrfachwerkzeugvorrichtung zum Flammen der Oberflächen von Produkten aus Stein oder steinartigen Materialen
EP2478968A1 (de) * 2011-01-21 2012-07-25 MAEMA S.r.l. Mehrfachwerkzeug-Strahlapparat für die Oberflächenbearbeitung harter Objekte

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5291694A (en) 1991-06-03 1994-03-08 Jse Corporation Apparatus and method of working and finish treating a stone surface
WO1999032262A1 (en) * 1997-12-18 1999-07-01 Apuania Corsi S.R.L. Method and plant for surface abrasive treatment of stone materials, particularly stone slabs
EP1045742A1 (de) 1997-12-18 2000-10-25 Apuania Corsi S.R.L. Verfahren und vorrichtung zur abrasiven oberflächenbearbeitung von steinmaterialien
EP1977867A1 (de) 2007-03-19 2008-10-08 MAEMA S.r.l. Strahlwerkzeug und Werkzeughaltekopf für die Bearbeitung von Platten und Blöcken aus Stein, Zement oder derartigen Materialien
EP2105275A2 (de) 2008-03-28 2009-09-30 MAEMA S.r.l. Verfahren und Mehrfachwerkzeugvorrichtung zum Flammen der Oberflächen von Produkten aus Stein oder steinartigen Materialen
EP2478968A1 (de) * 2011-01-21 2012-07-25 MAEMA S.r.l. Mehrfachwerkzeug-Strahlapparat für die Oberflächenbearbeitung harter Objekte

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106737217A (zh) * 2016-12-23 2017-05-31 广东技术师范学院 一种水射流加工装置
CN106737217B (zh) * 2016-12-23 2019-01-08 广东技术师范学院 一种水射流加工装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DK2695712T3 (en) 2017-02-13
EP2695712B1 (de) 2016-11-02
PT2695712T (pt) 2017-02-13
PL2695712T3 (pl) 2017-07-31
ITVI20120207A1 (it) 2014-02-10
ES2612936T3 (es) 2017-05-19

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