EP2694691A1 - Verfahren zum betrieb mindestens einer überschalldüse in einem metallurgischen gefäss, verfahren zur ermittlung eines druckverlusts, sowie system zum ermitteln von betriebsparametern mindestens einer überschalldüse - Google Patents
Verfahren zum betrieb mindestens einer überschalldüse in einem metallurgischen gefäss, verfahren zur ermittlung eines druckverlusts, sowie system zum ermitteln von betriebsparametern mindestens einer überschalldüseInfo
- Publication number
- EP2694691A1 EP2694691A1 EP12715030.8A EP12715030A EP2694691A1 EP 2694691 A1 EP2694691 A1 EP 2694691A1 EP 12715030 A EP12715030 A EP 12715030A EP 2694691 A1 EP2694691 A1 EP 2694691A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- pressure
- gas
- supersonic nozzle
- measuring device
- self
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
- C21C5/28—Manufacture of steel in the converter
- C21C5/42—Constructional features of converters
- C21C5/46—Details or accessories
- C21C5/4606—Lances or injectors
- C21C5/4613—Refractory coated lances; Immersion lances
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
- C21C5/28—Manufacture of steel in the converter
- C21C5/30—Regulating or controlling the blowing
- C21C5/32—Blowing from above
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
- C21C5/28—Manufacture of steel in the converter
- C21C5/42—Constructional features of converters
- C21C5/46—Details or accessories
- C21C5/4673—Measuring and sampling devices
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D19/00—Arrangements of controlling devices
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D21/00—Arrangement of monitoring devices; Arrangement of safety devices
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D3/00—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
- F27D3/16—Introducing a fluid jet or current into the charge
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for operating at least one supersonic nozzle in a metallurgical vessel, to a method for determining a pressure drop between a gas supply station and at least one supersonic nozzle arranged in a metallurgical vessel, and to a system for determining operating parameters of at least one supersonic nozzle arranged in a metallurgical vessel ,
- Blowing gas is commonly used in at least the following metallurgical units: BOF converters, AO D converters, burners and injector nozzles, for an electric arc furnace (EAF), burners and injector nozzles for a reduction furnace (SAF), and nozzles for vacuum processing equipment such as VOD - or RH plants.
- the oxygen is blown onto the metal bath with the help of the lance.
- the lance head is typically 1, 4 to 3 m away from the melt surface.
- a lance head there are usually a plurality of convergent-divergent nozzles arranged at predetermined angles which accelerate the gas to supersonic speed.
- the convergent-divergent nozzles are also referred to as supersonic nozzles or Laval nozzles.
- the gas typically exits at about twice the speed of sound and with a high momentum and then strikes the molten metal.
- an oscillating Blemmulde is generated and the inflated gas ensures an intensive decarburization reaction.
- a foamed slag is formed on the molten metal.
- the lance head is cast or forged from copper and then cooled intensively by water during operation.
- the gas cools in the divergent nozzle part of the supersonic nozzle by the expansion of the gas to about -100 ° C, so that the nozzle or the lance head is also cooled on the gas side by the expanded gas. Accordingly, both the Blas lanzenkopf, and the individual nozzles are well cooled in this way, as long as the expanded gas jet fixed to the corresponding nozzle wall is applied and the cooling water supply is maintained. The wear of the nozzles is then low, typical lifetimes of Blas lanzenköpfen are about 150 to 400 converter melts.
- the geometry of a Laval nozzle or a supersonic nozzle can according to the isentropic Stromfadentheorie only for a single value - namely its ideal operating point or its design point - with respect to the inlet pressure p 0 and the inlet temperature T 0 within the Laval Nozzle, as well as the static back pressure p E be designed in the metallurgical unit.
- the inlet pressure p 0 is also referred to as design pressure
- the inlet temperature T 0 is also referred to as design temperature. Only when the supersonic nozzle is operated at its ideal operating point, the expanded gas flow is firmly against the nozzle wall until it leaves the nozzle and acceleration of the gas to supersonic velocity is achieved.
- the inlet pressure p 0 and the inlet temperature T 0 are a priori unknown process variables directly at the entrance to the supersonic nozzle inside the lance head.
- the Laval nozzle works only in the ideal Operating point and thus optimal and wear-optimized, if these two process variables are also observed in converter operation.
- the upstream pressure p V s and the volumetric flow rate of the gas V are measured at a valve station upstream of the lance. These sizes are usually used to operate the lance or the supersonic nozzle near its design point.
- the pressure loss Ap Ve ri from the valve station via the pipes and pressure hoses and over the entire lance is estimated to the unknown, located at the end of the lance inlet pressure p 0 using the equation estimate.
- the exact pressure loss Ap Ve ri is theoretically difficult to determine, so that in practice the process variables p 0 , T 0 and p E necessary for the nozzle design are actually only approximate values. Accordingly, the supersonic nozzle is often operated only near its operating point, but not necessarily exactly at its operating point.
- the object of this is to provide a method and a system for operating a supersonic nozzle, by means of which the maintenance of the operating parameters for the supersonic nozzle is improved.
- the method for operating at least one supersonic nozzle in a metallurgical vessel comprises the steps of measuring the inlet pressure of a gas into the at least one supersonic nozzle, simultaneously measuring the supply pressure of the gas at a gas supply station spaced from the at least one supersonic nozzle, determining a calibration curve for the inlet pressure from the measured inlet pressure and the measured supply pressure, and operating the at least one supersonic nozzle in the metallurgical vessel at a predetermined Entry pressure by regulating the supply pressure based on the determined calibration curve.
- a method for determining a pressure loss between a gas supply station and at least one operated in a metallurgical vessel supersonic nozzle comprising the steps: measuring the inlet pressure of a gas in the at least one supersonic nozzle, simultaneously measuring the supply pressure of the gas at one of the at least one supersonic nozzle spaced gas supply station, and determining the pressure loss between the gas supply station and the at least one supersonic nozzle from the measured pressures.
- the method according to the invention makes it possible, by determining the calibration curve or determining the pressure loss, to reliably regulate the inlet pressure p 0 at the supersonic nozzle by regulating the pressure p V s at the valve station.
- a self-sufficient measuring device is inserted into a lance head supporting at least one supersonic nozzle, then the inlet pressure in the lance head is measured by means of the self-sufficient measuring device, then the autarkic measuring device removed from the Blas lanzenkopf, and then operated the Blas lanzenkopf without the self-sufficient measuring device.
- the measurement of the inlet pressure and the measurement of the supply pressure over a predetermined period of time is carried out, preferably over the life of a self-sufficient measuring device for measuring the inlet pressure away, and the measurements are evaluated after the period has expired.
- the inlet temperature T 0 of the gas in the supersonic nozzle is preferably measured in order to be able to determine with certainty all the parameters which are essential for the design of the at least one supersonic nozzle. The same applies to the measurement of the feed temperature T V s in the
- Gas supply station supplied gas and / or the volume flow V of the gas supplied at the gas supply station gas are additionally measured variables.
- the additionally measured variables are preferably used when determining the calibration curve or a separate calibration curve.
- the measurements of the inlet pressure and / or the inlet temperature are preferably carried out with a frequency of 0.1 Hz to 10 Hz.
- a self-sufficient measuring device is here understood to mean a measuring device which, without external feeds or supply lines, carries out a measurement, in particular a pressure measurement and / or a temperature measurement, over the time and stores the corresponding measured values.
- a self-sufficient measuring device is also referred to as a "data logger.”
- the self-sufficient measuring device is inserted at a suitable location in the lance head or in the lance directly in front of the lance head, then measures the pressure (and / or pressure) over its (battery) lifetime the temperature) over time and stores these data in such a way that they are removed the self-sufficient measuring device can be read from the Blaslanzenkopf.
- the autarkic measuring device is removed from the Blaslanzenkopf and read the data and set in relation to the also recorded over time measurement data at the Gaszu 1500station of the gas, ie in particular a valve station of the gas.
- the calibration curve and / or the pressure loss is then determined from the measured data read out from the self-sufficient measuring device, as well as the measured data recorded at the gas supply station of the gas.
- the supersonic nozzles or the blowing lances with the supersonic nozzles are operated on the basis of the determined calibration curve and / or the determined pressure loss.
- the pressure at the Gaszu meltstation of the gas is adjusted so that the desired inlet pressure in the supersonic nozzle under the respective conditions, in particular the respective static back pressure and the gas temperature is achieved.
- the present invention relates to a system for determining operating parameters of at least one supersonic nozzle arranged in a metallurgical vessel, comprising a lance head supporting at least one supersonic nozzle, a self-sufficient measuring device for measuring the inlet pressure in the lance head, a measuring device for measuring the pressure at a distance from the supersonic nozzle Gas supply station for supplying a gas to Blas lanzenkopf, a determination device for determining a calibration curve for the inlet pressure based on the measurements carried out by the self-sufficient measuring device and the measuring device at the Gaszu slaughterstation, and a control device for controlling the gas supply to the gas supply station.
- the system comprises a removable holder for holding the self-sufficient measuring device in the lance head.
- the self-sufficient measuring device is preferably a data logger.
- the self-sufficient measuring device can also be designed for measuring the inlet temperature and / or the measuring device can also be designed for measuring the pressure at the gas supply station for measuring the feed temperature and / or the volume flow.
- the temperature of the gas in the lance head is also measured, that is, the temperature T 0 .
- Figure 1 shows schematically a converter, in which a
- Figure 2 shows schematically the arrangement of a self-sufficient measuring device in a Blas lanzenkopf
- FIG. 3 shows schematically a calibration curve
- FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of the oxygen blowing process in a converter.
- a converter 3 is provided in which the molten metal bath 5 is accommodated.
- a lance 2 which at its lower end comprises a lance head 4 which carries supersonic nozzles.
- the gas in particular the oxygen or nitrogen, which is inflated by the lance 2 to the metal bath 5, the blowgun 2 from a gas supply station 1, in particular in the form of a valve station 1, via pipes 10 and tubes 12 is supplied.
- Blas lanzenkopf 4 more supersonic nozzles 40 are used, as can be seen for example from the schematic figure 2.
- a plurality of supersonic nozzles 40 are arranged at a certain angle, which allow the gas to escape at approximately twice the speed of sound.
- a cavity 42 is provided before the gas enters the respective supersonic nozzles 40, through which the gas is supplied.
- a self-sufficient measuring device 6 is preferably used, which serves to the pressure p 0 (t) of the gas before the entry into the respective supersonic nozzles 40 and to record the pressure profile over time.
- the self-sufficient measuring device 6 can also log the temperature T 0 (t) of the gas over time.
- the autarkic measuring device 6 is, as shown in FIG. 2, preferably shaped in a streamlined manner such that an impairment of the gas flowing through the lance and the lance head is reduced as much as possible.
- the self-sufficient measuring device 6 is designed such that the energy for the measurement as well as for the recording is provided by an internal energy source, for example a battery.
- the self-sufficient measuring device 6 has correspondingly no connection to the outside, in particular, no data cable or power cable are put to the outside.
- the self-sufficient measuring device 6 is fixed in position via a clamping holder 60.
- the clamp holder 60 and the self-sufficient measuring device 6 can be used in the Blas lanzenkopf 4 and removed from this again without residue.
- the supersonic nozzles 40 which are also referred to as Laval nozzles, according to the isentropic Stromfadentheorie only for a single value with respect to the inlet pressure p 0 and the inlet temperature T 0 , and the static back pressure p E can be designed.
- the inlet pressure p 0 and the inlet temperature T 0 of the gas are therefore of interest in the region of the cavity 42 directly before the gas enters the respective supersonic nozzles 40 and must be regulated so that the supersonic nozzle 40 operates at its optimum operating point.
- the self-sufficient measuring device 6 By means of the self-sufficient measuring device 6, it is now possible to determine the exact pressure loss Ap Ve ri experimentally.
- the pressure curve p 0 (t) is measured over time in a first step by means of the self-sufficient measuring device 6.
- the autarkic measuring device 6 is then removed from the lance head 4 again and the pressure profile data is read out.
- the inlet pressure p 0 applied to the supersonic nozzles 40 can be controlled much more accurately by controlling the pressure p V s applied to the valve station or gas supply station 1, so that the supersonic nozzle 40 can be reliably operated at its operating point.
- This has the fundamental advantage that the process conditions with regard to the metallurgical processes are reproducible and stable. In this way, a theoretical estimation of the pressure loss between the gas supply station 1 and the lance head 4 can be dispensed with.
- the inlet temperature T 0 that is to say the temperature profile over time is measured in particular by means of the self-sufficient measuring device 6, and this temperature profile is correlated over time with a temperature profile of the gas supplied to the gas supply station 1 and accordingly a calibration curve can be provided.
- a calibration curve for the inlet temperature T 0 as a function of the gas supply station 1 at the gas supply and preferably also continue to be indicated as a function of the pressure applied to the Gaszu slaughterstation 1 gas pressure. Accordingly, the process variables p 0 , T 0 necessary for the design of the supersonic nozzle 40 can be obtained via these calibration curves.
- T 0 for the actual operation is not necessary, but it is needed as a theoretical design variable in the nozzle design using the isentropic streamline theory.
- the static pressure p E in the metallurgical vessel 3 can not be determined.
- the static pressure p E plays only a minor role, since this pressure differs only slightly from the ambient pressure of 1, 013 bar.
- a system for determining the operating parameters of a supersonic nozzle 40 in a converter 3 comprises, in addition to the self-sufficient measuring device 6 and the measuring device 7 on the feeding device 1, also an evaluation device, by means of which the data is read from the self-sufficient measuring device 6 and in relation to those at the gas supply station 1 measured data can be set.
- This evaluation device is typically provided in the form of a computer.
- the self-sufficient measuring device 6, which can be used in the head 4 of the lance 2, is preferably fixed by means of a residue-free removable holder 60. It preferably absorbs pressure and temperature over time.
- a datalogger has a pressure and a temperature sensor and is powered by an internal battery. The Time-dependent process variables are recorded with a frequency between 0, 1 Hz and 10 Hz and recorded accordingly.
- the holder 60 for the self-sufficient measuring device 6 can be made, for example, annular, so that it can be integrated into a conventional Blas lanzenkopf 4.
- the self-sufficient measuring device 6 in the form of the data logger is preferably made aerodynamically favorable so that the gas flow into the supersonic nozzles 40 is disturbed as little as possible.
- the data logger 6 is installed in accordance with a Blas lanzenkopf 4 and removed at the end of battery life again. The measured process variables are then transmitted in an evaluation device in the form of a PC.
- the pressure pvs (t) and the volume flow V (i) at the gas supply station or valve station 1 are measured.
- the calibration curve is then determined from the corresponding data and is used in practical operation to control the gas volume flow or the gas pressure at Blas lanzenkopf 4 or before the gas enters the respective supersonic nozzles 40.
- the supersonic nozzles can accordingly be operated at their design parameters.
- the inlet pressure p 0 , the inlet temperature T 0 directly at the supersonic nozzle can be determined in this way.
- the static back pressure p E in the metallurgical vessel plays only a minor role for the correct design, since it usually fluctuates only moderately around the ambient pressure, approximately 1, 01 bar ⁇ 0.2 bar. Accordingly, the pressure loss Ap Ve ri between the Gaszu meltstation of the gas and the entry of the gas into the Blas lanzenkopf can be correctly determined for the first time.
- the measurement of the process variables p 0 and T 0 must be done only once and the data logger or the self-sufficient measuring device can then be removed from the Blas lanzenkopf.
- the annular support of the datalogger allows easy mounting of the datalogger in conventional lance heads, without requiring any modification of Blas lanzenkée would be made. Accordingly, the costs for carrying out the process are low, the practical handling in steelworks operation is correspondingly simple.
- the method can be applied to all supersonic nozzles for metallurgical plants, such as BOF, AOD, EAF, SAF, etc. and used. LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Carbon Steel Or Casting Steel Manufacturing (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE201110006876 DE102011006876A1 (de) | 2011-04-06 | 2011-04-06 | Verfahren zum Betrieb mindestens einer Überschalldüse in einem metallurgischen Gefäß, Verfahren zur Ermittlung eines Druckverlusts, sowie System zum Ermitteln von Betriebsparametern mindestens einer Überschalldüse |
| PCT/EP2012/056150 WO2012136698A1 (de) | 2011-04-06 | 2012-04-04 | Verfahren zum betrieb mindestens einer überschalldüse in einem metallurgischen gefäss, verfahren zur ermittlung eines druckverlusts, sowie system zum ermitteln von betriebsparametern mindestens einer überschalldüse |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP2694691A1 true EP2694691A1 (de) | 2014-02-12 |
| EP2694691B1 EP2694691B1 (de) | 2015-02-18 |
Family
ID=45976335
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP12715030.8A Active EP2694691B1 (de) | 2011-04-06 | 2012-04-04 | Verfahren zum betrieb mindestens einer überschalldüse in einem metallurgischen gefäss, verfahren zur ermittlung eines druckverlusts, sowie system zum ermitteln von betriebsparametern mindestens einer überschalldüse |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP2694691B1 (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102011006876A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2012136698A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP2922977B1 (de) * | 2012-11-21 | 2018-06-13 | Primetals Technologies Austria GmbH | Blasverfahren und vorrichtung zur stahlherstellung unter nutzung von strahlen von heissluft |
| UA113614C2 (xx) | 2013-02-14 | 2017-02-27 | Спосіб експлуатації кисневої продувальної фурми в металургійній ємності і вимірювальна система для визначення використовуваних при цьому сигналів вимірювань | |
| CN110129515A (zh) * | 2019-07-02 | 2019-08-16 | 马鞍山钢铁股份有限公司 | 一种氧枪系统滞止压力测量装置及方法 |
| CN116042953B (zh) * | 2022-12-05 | 2023-12-29 | 北京科技大学 | 一种冶金用超音速喷枪喉口结构的连续监测与评估方法 |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2928600B2 (ja) * | 1990-07-06 | 1999-08-03 | 日本スピング株式会社 | 酸素吹精装置及び方法 |
| AUPR817201A0 (en) * | 2001-10-09 | 2001-11-01 | Technological Resources Pty Limited | Supplying solid feed materials for a direct smelting process |
-
2011
- 2011-04-06 DE DE201110006876 patent/DE102011006876A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2012
- 2012-04-04 WO PCT/EP2012/056150 patent/WO2012136698A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2012-04-04 EP EP12715030.8A patent/EP2694691B1/de active Active
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See references of WO2012136698A1 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE102011006876A1 (de) | 2012-10-11 |
| WO2012136698A1 (de) | 2012-10-11 |
| EP2694691B1 (de) | 2015-02-18 |
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