EP2687416A1 - Sécurité anti-chocs, en particulier sous forme d'un tampon de crash - Google Patents
Sécurité anti-chocs, en particulier sous forme d'un tampon de crash Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2687416A1 EP2687416A1 EP12176549.9A EP12176549A EP2687416A1 EP 2687416 A1 EP2687416 A1 EP 2687416A1 EP 12176549 A EP12176549 A EP 12176549A EP 2687416 A1 EP2687416 A1 EP 2687416A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- sleeve
- buffer
- guide sleeve
- guide
- end portion
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000000872 buffer Substances 0.000 title claims description 223
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 claims description 156
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 101
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 claims description 48
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- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000002427 irreversible effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005283 ground state Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000806 elastomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003032 molecular docking Methods 0.000 description 1
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Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61G—COUPLINGS; DRAUGHT AND BUFFING APPLIANCES
- B61G11/00—Buffers
- B61G11/02—Buffers with metal springs
- B61G11/04—Buffers with metal springs with helical springs
- B61G11/06—Buffers with metal springs with helical springs arranged to damp each other by mutual friction
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61G—COUPLINGS; DRAUGHT AND BUFFING APPLIANCES
- B61G11/00—Buffers
- B61G11/08—Buffers with rubber springs
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61G—COUPLINGS; DRAUGHT AND BUFFING APPLIANCES
- B61G11/00—Buffers
- B61G11/16—Buffers absorbing shocks by permanent deformation of buffer element
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a shock absorber, in particular in the form of a crash buffer, wherein the shock absorber comprises a buffer plunger with a plunger sleeve and a buffer arranged at a first end portion of the plunger sleeve and a buffer housing, in which at least one of the first end portion of the plunger sleeve opposite second end portion of the plunger sleeve is recorded telescopically.
- Fender to protect against damage to the outer skin of a ship during port maneuvers and when lying on a quay wall.
- the fender functioning as a protective body is positioned between the ship and the quay wall in such a way that it serves on the one hand as a shock absorber and on the other hand as a spacer, so that the hull does not scrub.
- fenders are usually used, which are part of a quay.
- Such fenders implemented as part of a quay can be elastic to a certain extent, so that they can, to a certain extent, also participate in the ship movements during docking and in waves.
- the damping of impact forces and the effective distortion of impact energy arising in an impact, especially in a moving object is a problem when due to the mass of the object high movement energies are to be considered, which are to be absorbed after a predictable event in a defined manner.
- bumpers are known from railway technology, which are used to complete a track or stump track of a railway track and to prevent a rail vehicle or a wagon from rolling beyond the end of the rail. Bumpers are usually designed so that as much energy of the moving rail vehicle can be absorbed so that the rail vehicle remains undamaged if possible. Under certain circumstances, the buffer can be deformed or destroyed.
- shock absorbers are also used in the form of bumpers. These are components on vehicles which, in the event of a collision or an impact on a fixed obstacle, absorb energy and thereby prevent damage to the vehicle or the cargo. Bumpers are mainly used on rail vehicles (also referred to as “buffers”, “buffers” or “bumps”), wherein usually one or two attached to the front end construction parts are used, which have the purpose on the rail vehicle in the longitudinal direction of externally acting horizontal compressive forces absorb.
- two types of bumpers can be used in rail vehicles as a shock absorber, namely so-called “buffer” or “central buffer” in which the shock absorber is mounted in the longitudinal axis of the vehicle, so that at each end of the rail vehicle only a buffer in the middle of the head threshold, or so-called “two-buffer” or “side buffer”, in which two buffers are located on the front side of the rail vehicle.
- a telescopic structure which has a buffer housing, a therein at least partially telescopically recorded buffer plunger and a damping element in the form of a spring or an elastomer body.
- the buffer housing serves as a longitudinal guide and for supporting transverse forces, while the damping element accommodated in the buffer housing serves to transmit power in the longitudinal direction.
- the length and the buffer stroke, i. the spring travel of the damping element accommodated in the buffer housing defines the damping property of the side buffer.
- EP 2 036 799 A1 proposed a replaceable energy dissipation unit, which can be connected downstream of a UIC buffer or page buffer as an exchangeable module.
- the energy dissipation unit serves as an additional irreversible shock protection stage, which responds after exhaustion of the energy absorption of integrated in the UIC buffer or side buffer regenerative damping element and by plastic deformation in a destructive manner at least a portion of the initiated in the irreversible shock protection stage impact energy converts into deformation work and heat ,
- a shock absorber with a destructively designed energy absorbing element in the form of a deformation tube known.
- the deformation tube has a section with an expanded cross section and an adjoining section with a not yet expanded cross section, wherein in a crash, a conical ring is pressed into the deformation tube section with the not yet expanded cross section, as a result, a plastic cross-sectional expansion takes place, whereby at least a part the energy generated in a shock transmission is converted into deformation work and heat.
- the known from this prior art shock protection can be provided with a regenerative damping device to dampen the occurring in normal driving tensile / impact forces in a regenerative manner.
- the damping device which is embodied in particular in the form of a spring apparatus, is connected upstream of the deformation pipe section with the not yet expanded cross section in the solution proposed in this prior art.
- the present invention has for its object to provide a shock absorber, which is characterized by a compact design with a high energy consumption, the compact design is also feasible when the shock absorber is used in combination with a regenerative damping device.
- the invention particularly relates to a shock absorber in the form of a crash buffer, wherein the shock absorber has a buffer plunger with a plunger sleeve and a buffer plate arranged on a first end region of the plunger sleeve.
- a buffer housing belongs to the shock absorber in which at least one second end region of the plunger sleeve opposite the first end region of the plunger sleeve is accommodated telescopically.
- the buffer housing has a guide sleeve with a buffer-cell-side end region and a second end region opposite the buffer-end-side first end region.
- the buffer sleeve and thus the shock absorber in particular in the form of a crash buffer, can be connected to a support structure to be protected.
- a support structure to be protected This may be, for example, the front side of a car body, a subframe of a car body, a stationary buffer block or, for example, a quay or part of a quay wall.
- the buffer housing further has a clamping sleeve with a buffer end side first end region and a second end region opposite the buffer end side first end region.
- the clamping sleeve is connected to the first end portion of the guide sleeve of the buffer housing.
- the buffer housing further has a destructive energy dissipation element, which is designed in particular in the form of a deformation tube.
- the energy dissipation element is clamped between the first end region of the clamping sleeve and the first end region of the guide sleeve.
- the shock absorber according to the invention is characterized in particular by the unique and above-described construction of the buffer housing, which also ensures a compact construction of the shock protection, if in addition to the destructive energy dissipation element a regenerative damping device is used, with which before the plastic deformation of the destructive energy dissipation element regenerative tensile / impact forces are damped.
- a conical-ring-shaped region is provided at the first end region of the guide sleeve against which a region of the guide sleeve facing the energy dissipation element preferably formed as a deformation tube abuts.
- the conical-ring-shaped region is preferably designed such that, when a critical impact force introduced into the shock absorber above the buffer plate is exceeded, the energy dissipation element, which is preferably designed as a deformation tube, is pushed over the guide sleeve under plastic cross-sectional widening.
- the conical-ring-shaped region preferably has a direction of the energy dissipation element formed as a deformation tube conically tapering lateral surface.
- a plastic cross-sectional widening of the energy dissipation element formed as a deformation tube takes place in a predictable manner in the event of a crash. without in particular a tilting or wedging of components of the shock protection can occur.
- the guide sleeve of the buffer housing preferably has a cylindrical outer circumferential surface, so that a guide is provided in order to guide the plastically expanded region of the energy dissipation element in a longitudinal displacement of this relative to the guide sleeve when the energy dissipation element is preferably designed as a deformation tube.
- the shock absorber can not only reduce the impact energy generated in a crash case at least partially by plastic deformation of the destructively designed energy dissipation element, but can also attenuate the occurring in normal driving shocks or tensile forces is provided in a preferred realization of the inventive solution in that, at least before exceeding a predetermined critical impact force introduced via the buffer plate of the shock absorber into the shock absorber, the buffer plunger is displaceable relative to the buffer housing in the direction of the guide sleeve.
- a longitudinal displacement path, by which the buffer ram is displaceable relative to the buffer housing in the direction of the guide sleeve, can be defined or limited in accordance with an aspect of the present invention by the first End of the clamping sleeve, a stop, in particular an annular peripheral stop, is provided with a bufferteller characteren stop surface, said bufferteller side stop surface of the clamping sleeve limits the longitudinal displacement of the buffer plunger relative to the buffer housing.
- a regenerative damping device is provided in order to be able to dampen the tensile and impact forces occurring in normal driving operation in a regenerative manner.
- the damping device formed for example in the form of a spring apparatus is at least partially accommodated in the plunger sleeve and arranged between a first pressure plate connected to the plunger sleeve and a second pressure plate connected to the buffer housing.
- the shock absorber is provided with a regenerative damping device
- the first pressure plate is preferably formed by the buffer plate and abuts the damping device to a pointing in the direction of the buffer housing surface of the buffer plate, said the second pressure plate is connected to the second end region of the clamping sleeve.
- the present invention is characterized not only by a compact design of the shock absorber, but also by the fact that a longitudinal displacement of the buffer plunger takes place relative to the buffer housing after a predetermined defined event sequence.
- a guide is provided to guide the longitudinal displacement of the buffer plunger relative to the buffer housing.
- the guide has at least one in the longitudinal direction of the plunger sleeve and in the longitudinal direction of the buffer housing extending guide groove and engaging in the at least one guide pin.
- a particularly compact design of the shock absorber can be realized if the at least one guide groove is formed in the guide sleeve, wherein the engaging in the at least one guide pin is connected to the clamping sleeve of the buffer housing.
- the engaging in the at least one guide pin extends in the longitudinal direction of the plunger sleeve or in the longitudinal direction of the buffer housing and is preferably connected to the second end portion of the clamping sleeve with the clamping sleeve.
- This embodiment allows a variable stroke of the buffer ram while blocking the rotational degree of freedom.
- the pin which runs laterally in the at least one guide groove produces virtually no notch effects on the components involved. This makes it possible to use smaller material cross-sections and thus to reduce given sizes with simultaneous load or higher load with the same size.
- a stop in particular an annular circumferential stop, provided with a guide sleeve side stop surface, wherein preferably formed as a deformation tube destructive energy absorbing element between the guide sleeve side stop surface of the clamping sleeve and the first end portion of the guide sleeve clamped is.
- This construction makes it possible to use a deformation tube for the destructively designed energy dissipation element, wherein the deformation tube is a rotating part which is provided without a widening, as is otherwise customary in deformation tubes. This allows installation of the destructive energy dissipation element in the shock protection in a small space and beyond a cost-effective design.
- the second end portion of the clamping sleeve is at least partially telescopically received in the first end portion of the guide sleeve and abuts against a bufferteller workede stop surface of a first provided inside the first end portion of the guide sleeve, preferably annular abutment of the guide sleeve.
- a arranged in the interior of the guide sleeve counter element is provided, which abuts on the one hand against one of the buffer plate side abutment surfaces opposite abutment surface of the first stop, and which on the other hand against a stop surface of a second inside the first end of the Guide sleeve provided preferably annular abutment of the guide sleeve abuts, wherein the counter element is preferably connected by means of screws with the second end portion of the clamping sleeve such that the first stop of the guide sleeve is received between the clamping sleeve and the counter element.
- the connection between the second end of the clamping sleeve and the first end of the guide sleeve can be solved and the clamping sleeve together with the deformation tube with simultaneous plastic cross-sectional deformation of the deformation tube relative can be moved towards the guide sleeve in the direction of the guide sleeve is provided in a preferred embodiment of the last-mentioned embodiment, that the first stop is designed such that it shears when exceeding the pre-definable critical impact force, so that the clamping sleeve relative to the guide sleeve in the direction the guide sleeve is displaceable.
- shock absorber according to the invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
- the embodiments shown in the drawings are suitable, for example, as shock protection in track-guided vehicles, in particular rail vehicles, or as shock absorbers in maritime applications, for example as an integral part of a quay.
- Fig. 1 is shown in a perspective view of an exemplary embodiment of the shock absorber 1 according to the invention.
- the exemplary embodiment is a crash buffer, which can be mounted, for example, on the front of a car body or on a stationary buffer bracket.
- the shock absorber 1 has a buffer ram 10 and a buffer housing 20.
- the buffer housing 20 facing the end portion of the buffer plunger 10 is received in the buffer housing 20 telescopically.
- Fig. 2a which shows the exemplary embodiment of the shock absorber 1 according to the invention in a side view.
- the shock absorber is 1 in Fig. 2a shown in an unloaded state, ie in a state in which no pressure forces act on the buffer plunger 10.
- the buffer plunger 10 used in the exemplary embodiment of the shock absorber 1 according to the invention consists in detail of a plunger sleeve 11, as shown in a perspective view in FIG Fig. 9 respectively. Fig. 10 is shown.
- the plunger sleeve 11 has a first end region 11a, on which a buffer plate 12 is attached, in particular welded.
- the first end portion 11a of the plunger sleeve 11 is slightly widened to ensure the most secure connection of the plunger sleeve 11 with the buffer plate 12.
- a first end region 11a of the plunger sleeve 11 opposite second end portion 11b of the plunger sleeve 11 is telescopically received in the assembled state of the shock absorber 1 in the buffer housing 20 of the shock absorber 1.
- the plunger sleeve 11 and the buffer housing 20 are arranged coaxially and concentrically with one another (cf. Fig. 2a ).
- the buffer housing 20 is essentially formed by a guide sleeve 21, a clamping sleeve 22 and a deformation tube 23.
- the guide sleeve 21 has a buffer end side first end portion 21a and a second end portion 21b opposite to the first end portion 21a. Via the second end region 21b, the guide sleeve 21 can be connected to a support structure, in particular to the end face of a car body, to the undercarriage of a car body or to a stationary buffer support.
- a flange arrangement 2 is provided on the second end region 21b of the guide sleeve 21.
- the clamping sleeve 22 belonging to the buffer housing 20 has a buffer end side first end region 22a and a second end region 22b opposite the first end region 22a.
- the clamping sleeve 22 is connected to the first end region 21a of the guide sleeve 21 via the second end region 22b, as described below with regard to the first exemplary embodiment of the shock absorber 1 according to the invention, with reference to the illustrations in FIGS FIGS. 3a to 3d will be described in more detail.
- the exemplary embodiments of the shock absorber 1 according to the invention have, as a destructive energy dissipation element, in each case a deformation tube 23, which-as is the case in particular according to the exploded view in FIG Fig. 4 or the exploded view according to Fig. 6a can be removed - is designed as a cylindrical rotary member without any widening etc.
- the deformation tube 23, which can be used in the shock absorber 1 according to the invention as a destructive energy dissipation element forms a particularly cost-effective design.
- the deformation tube 23 used as a destructive energy dissipation element is clamped between the first end region 22a of the clamping sleeve 22 and the first end region 21a of the guide sleeve 21, as shown in particular in FIG Fig. 3a can be removed.
- Fig. 3a the exemplary embodiment of the shock absorber 1 according to the invention shown in a side sectional view, wherein 10 no pressure forces are introduced into the buffer plate 12 of the buffer ram.
- the first exemplary embodiment of designed in the form of a crash buffer shock absorber 1 is designed to at least in a crash, ie when exceeding a introduced via the buffer plate 12 in the shock protection 1 pre-definable critical impact force, under plastic cross-sectional deformation of the deformation tube 23 to reduce part of the initiated impact energy and thus to consume.
- shock absorber 1 is designed to dampen tensile and impact forces before exceeding a initiated in the shock protection 1 critical impact force.
- the shock absorber 1 a regenerative damping device 3, which - as in the FIGS. 3a to 3d shown - can be designed as a spring pack.
- the damping device 3 is at least partially received in the plunger sleeve 11 and disposed between a connected to the plunger sleeve 11 first pressure plate 13a and connected to the buffer housing 20 second pressure plate 13b.
- the first pressure plate 13a through the buffer plate 12th is formed, wherein the damping device 3 abuts a pointing in the direction of the buffer housing 20 surface of the buffer plate 12.
- the second pressure plate 13b is connected to the second end region 22b of the clamping sleeve 22 in the exemplary embodiment of the shock absorber 1 according to the invention.
- a stop 25 connected to the clamping sleeve 22.
- This stop 25 has a pointing in the direction of the buffer plate 12 first stop surface 25a, which ultimately limits the longitudinal displacement of the buffer plunger 10 relative to the buffer housing 20 in the direction of the buffer sleeve 21.
- the clamping sleeve 22 associated stop 25 is preferably an annular circumferential stop.
- the guide for guiding the longitudinal displacement of the buffer plunger 10 relative to the buffer housing 20 at least one longitudinal direction L of the plunger sleeve 11 (or in the longitudinal direction L of the buffer housing 20) extending guide groove 4. In this at least one guide groove 4 engages a corresponding pin or guide pin 5 a.
- the guide pin 5 used for guiding the longitudinal displacement of the buffer plunger 10 relative to the buffer housing 20 in the exemplary embodiment of the shock absorber 1 according to the invention is shown in a perspective view in FIG Fig. 13 shown.
- Fig. 11 shows a perspective view of the clamping sleeve 22 of the buffer housing 20 of the exemplary embodiment of the shock absorber 1 according to the invention
- Fig. 12 a side sectional view of the clamping sleeve 22 shows.
- the guide bolts 5 used in the shock absorber 1 according to the invention are held in elongate receptacles 26 which are formed in the inner circumferential surface of the clamping sleeve 22 (cf. Fig. 12 ).
- the pins / guide pins 5 are inserted through corresponding pin openings 5 'at the second end portion 22b of the clamping sleeve 22.
- the engaging in the corresponding guide groove 4 of the plunger sleeve 11 pin / guide pin 5 is connected to the second end portion 22b of the clamping sleeve 22 with the clamping sleeve 22.
- the pin / guide pin 5 is held partially in the assembled state of the shock absorber 1 in a corresponding in the clamping sleeve 22, and in detail provided in the inner circumferential surface of the clamping sleeve 22 elongated receptacle 26.
- the second end portion 22b of the clamping sleeve 22, with which the respective pins / guide pins 5 are connected, is at least partially telescopically received in the first end portion 21a of the guide sleeve 21 and abuts in the direction of guide sleeve 21 against a bufferteller workede stop surface 6a of a first inside the first end portion 21a of the guide sleeve 21 provided stop 6 of the guide sleeve 21.
- This connected to the guide sleeve 21 first stop 6 is preferably annular.
- a counter element 14 is further provided in the exemplary embodiment of the shock absorber 1 according to the invention.
- the counter element 14 is shown in the illustrations in the FIGS. 3a to 3d With the second pressure plate 13b against which the damping device 3 accommodated in the shock absorber 1 abuts is connected.
- the counter element 14 accommodated in the interior of the guide sleeve 21 abuts against a stop surface 6b of the first stop 6 opposite the buffer stop surface 6a.
- the counter element 14 abuts against a stop surface 7a of a second inside the first end region 21a and the guide sleeve 21 Stop 7 of the guide sleeve 21.
- first stop 6 of the guide sleeve 21 connected to the second stopper 7 is preferably annular.
- the counter element 14 is connected by means of screws 8 with the second end portion 22b of the clamping sleeve 22, in such a way that the first stop 6 of the guide sleeve 21 is received between the clamping sleeve 22 and the counter element 14.
- the first stopper 6 connected to the guide sleeve 21 is formed in the exemplary embodiment of the shock absorber 1 according to the invention such that it shears when exceeding a introduced via the buffer plate 12 in the shock protection 1 pre-definable critical impact force and thus its connection to the Guide sleeve 21 loses. In this way, the clamping sleeve 22 is then displaceable relative to the guide sleeve 21 in the direction of the guide sleeve 21.
- FIG. 3a in a side sectional view formed in the form of a crash buffer shock protection 1 in the unloaded state, ie in a state in which no pressure forces on the buffer plate 12 are introduced into the shock absorber 1.
- the buffer plunger 10 In this unloaded state, the buffer plunger 10 is in its maximum extended state, ie in a state in which the buffer plate 12 is farthest from the buffer housing 10.
- This in Fig. 3a shown state is the ground state of the shock protection 1, which is taken automatically by the shock absorber 1 when no pressure forces introduced into the buffer plate 12 become.
- This basic state is predetermined by the damping device 3 provided in the interior of the shock absorber 1 and biased between the first pressure plate 13a (here buffer plate 12) and the second pressure plate 13b.
- Fig. 3b is a side view of the exemplary embodiment of the shock absorber 1 according to the invention after exhaustion of the damping behavior of the shock absorber 1 integrated damping device 3 is shown.
- the shock absorber 1 can absorb or reduce any further impact forces in a regenerative manner.
- a preferably cylindrically symmetrical deformation tube 23 is used as the destructive energy dissipation element, which can be designed, in particular, as a turned part without necessary expansions.
- the deformation tube 23 is arranged, in particular clamped, between the first end region 22a of the clamping sleeve 22 and the first end region 21a of the guide sleeve 21 of the buffer housing 20.
- the stop 25 formed on the first end region 22a of the clamping sleeve 22 is used for this purpose, which in addition to the first stop surface 25a, which serves to limit the L Lucassverschiebungsweges the buffer plunger 10 relative to the buffer housing 20, an opposite, ie in the direction of guide sleeve 21 facing, second stop surface 25b.
- abutment surface 25 b abuts the bufferteller workede end portion of the clamped between the clamping sleeve 22 and the guide sleeve 21 deformation tube 23rd
- the first stop 6 is designed as a shearing element, which shears off when a critical impact force that can be predetermined is exceeded and releases the connection of the clamping sleeve 22 to the guide sleeve 21. This condition is in Fig. 3c shown.
- a conical-ring-shaped region 24 is provided at the first end region of the guide sleeve 21 in order to support the plastic cross-sectional widening of the deformation tube 23, and in particular to prevent tilting of components when the shock absorber 1 responds.
- the guide sleeve 21 has a cylindrical outer circumferential surface 28 which is formed to guide a plastically expanded portion of the deformation tube 23 at a longitudinal displacement of the deformation tube 23 relative to the guide sleeve 21 after exceeding the pre-definable critical impact force.
- FIGS. 5a to 5d Side sectional views of a second exemplary embodiment of the shock absorber 1 according to the invention are shown in different states of shock protection.
- Fig. 5a the second exemplary embodiment of the shock absorber 1 according to the invention shown in a side sectional view, wherein 10 no pressure forces are introduced into the buffer plate 12 of the buffer ram.
- the buffer plunger 10 In this unloaded state, the buffer plunger 10 is in its maximum extended state, ie in a state in which the buffer plate 12 is farthest from the buffer housing 10.
- This in Fig. 5a shown state is the ground state of the shock absorber 1, which is taken independently of the shock absorber 1 when no pressure forces are introduced into the buffer plate 12.
- This basic state is predetermined by the damping device 3 provided in the interior of the shock absorber 1 and biased between the first pressure plate 13a (here buffer plate 12) and the second pressure plate 13b.
- Fig. 5b is a side elevational view of the second exemplary embodiment of the shock absorber 1 according to the invention after exhaustion of the damping behavior the integrated in the shock protection 1 damping device 3 shown.
- the shock absorber 1 can absorb or reduce any further impact forces in a regenerative manner.
- a preferably cylindrically symmetrical deformation tube 23 is used as the destructive energy dissipation element, which can be designed, in particular, as a turned part without necessary expansions.
- the deformation tube 23 is arranged, in particular clamped, between the first end region 22a of the clamping sleeve 22 and the first end region 21a of the guide sleeve 21 of the buffer housing 20.
- the stopper 25 formed on the first end portion 22a of the collet 22 is used, which has an opposed, i.e., in opposition to, the first abutment surface 25a for limiting the longitudinal displacement travel of the buffer plunger 10 relative to the buffer housing 20. in the direction of guide sleeve 21 facing, second stop surface 25b. Against this second abutment surface 25 b abuts the bufferteller workede end portion of the clamped between the clamping sleeve 22 and the guide sleeve 21 deformation tube 23rd
- the first stop 6 is designed as a shearing element which, when a pre-definable limit is exceeded, is exceeded shears critical impact force and the connection of the clamping sleeve 22 to the guide sleeve 21 dissolves. This condition is in Fig. 5c shown.
- a conical-ring-shaped region 24 is provided at the first end region of the guide sleeve 21 in order to support the plastic cross-sectional widening of the deformation tube 23, and in particular to prevent tilting of components when the shock absorber 1 responds.
- the guide sleeve 21 has a cylindrical outer circumferential surface 28 which is formed to guide a plastically expanded portion of the deformation tube 23 at a longitudinal displacement of the deformation tube 23 relative to the guide sleeve 21 after exceeding the pre-definable critical impact force.
- FIG. 2 The structure and functioning of the in the FIGS. 5a to 5d
- the second exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 2 essentially corresponds to the construction and the mode of operation of the previously described with reference to the illustrations in FIGS FIGS. 3a to 3d described first exemplary embodiment. In order to avoid repetition, only the differences between the two embodiments will be discussed briefly below:
- FIGS. 5a to 5d illustrated second exemplary embodiment of the shock absorber 1 according to the invention of the first embodiment according to the FIGS. 3a to 3d in that now only a single annular stop 6 is used, instead of two separate stops 6, 7 as in the first embodiment.
- the counter element 14 has a slightly modified configuration, which will be described below with reference to the illustrations in FIGS. 6a, 6b . 7a, 7b and 8a, 8b will be described in more detail.
- FIGS. 6a, 6b . 7a, 7b and 8a, 8b the assembly of the illustrated in the drawings exemplary embodiment of the shock absorber 1 according to the invention described in more detail.
- Fig. 6a in a perspective view, a first assembly step
- Fig. 6b in a side sectional view illustrating the shock absorber 1 after performing the first assembly step.
- the plunger sleeve 11 is first provided with the buffer plate 12 connected to the first end region 11a.
- the representation in Fig. 6a It can also be seen that in the outer circumferential surface of the plunger sleeve 11 already in the longitudinal direction L of the shock protection 1 extending guide grooves 4 are introduced.
- the damping device 3 which is formed in the exemplary embodiment as a spring assembly consisting of a plurality of coaxially and concentrically aligned spring plates, received in the interior of the plunger sleeve 11.
- a guide rod 30 is used, which is inserted into the plunger sleeve 11 and locked there accordingly.
- a securing piece 31 is to be introduced via the guide rod 30 into the plunger sleeve 11.
- the securing piece 31 is used for fixing the guide rod 30 in the interior of the plunger sleeve 11 such that the guide rod 30 is located on the longitudinal axis L of the shock absorber 1.
- a clamping sleeve 32 is attached to the exposed end portion of the guide rod 30 to the damping device 3 against the first pressure plate 13 a (the inside Side wall of the buffer plate 12).
- This condition is in Fig. 6b shown in a side sectional view of the shock protection 1.
- the protruding from the second end portion 11b of the plunger sleeve 11 part of the damping device 3 and attached to the guide rod 30 clamping sleeve 32 is - as soon as the second End portion 11b of the plunger sleeve 11 is telescopically received by the clamping sleeve 22 together with the inside of the plunger sleeve 11 at least partially absorbed damping device 3 - fixed by means of screws 33 to a second end portion 22b of the clamping sleeve 22 flange plate 34.
- the guide sleeve 21 is then mounted together with the destructive energy dissipation element (deformation tube 23).
- the guide pin 5 are first introduced in the third assembly step from behind through the flange plate 34 in the elongated receptacles 26 which are formed in the clamping sleeve 22.
- corresponding pin openings 5 ' are formed in the flange plate 34.
- the guide pin 5 partially in the elongated receptacles 26, while a part of the guide pin 5 engages in the guide groove 4 of the plunger sleeve 11 like a rail.
- the composite is connected to the first end portion 21 a of the guide sleeve 21.
- a plate-shaped counter element 14 is used, which is inserted from behind into the guide sleeve 21 until it abuts against the second provided in the interior of the first end portion 21a of the guide sleeve 21 annular stop 7 of the guide sleeve 21.
- the counter element 14 is connected by means of screws 8 with the second end portion 22b of the clamping sleeve 22 such that the first stop 6 of the guide sleeve 21 is received between the clamping sleeve 22 and the counter element 14.
- Fig. 8b shown in a side sectional view fully assembled state of the shock absorber 1 abuts the inside of the guide sleeve 21 arranged plate-shaped counter element 14 on the one hand against the buffertier side stop surface 6a opposite abutment surface 6b of the first stopper 6 and on the other hand against a stop surface 7a of the second inside the first end portion 21a of Guide sleeve 21 provided annular stop 7 of the guide sleeve 21st
- the invention is not limited to the exemplified embodiment of the crash buffer designed as crash buffer, but results from a synopsis of all features disclosed herein.
- the shock absorber according to the invention is provided with a response indicator 35 in order to indicate whether the deformation tube 23 integrated in the shock absorber has possibly already responded.
- the response indicator 35 is formed as a sheet-metal strip at the transition point between the deformation tube 23 and the guide sleeve 21. Once the deformation tube 23 has also only partially pushed onto the guide sleeve 21, this is indicated on the basis of the response indicator 35, since this deforms accordingly or flakes off.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Vibration Dampers (AREA)
Priority Applications (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP12176549.9A EP2687416B1 (fr) | 2012-07-16 | 2012-07-16 | Sécurité anti-chocs, en particulier sous forme d'un tampon de crash |
PL12176549T PL2687416T3 (pl) | 2012-07-16 | 2012-07-16 | Zabezpieczenie przed uderzeniem, zwłaszcza w postaci zderzaka kolizyjnego |
PL13176476T PL2687417T3 (pl) | 2012-07-16 | 2013-07-15 | Zabezpieczenie przed uderzeniem, zwłaszcza w postaci zderzaka kolizyjnego |
EP13176476.3A EP2687417B1 (fr) | 2012-07-16 | 2013-07-15 | Sécurité anti-chocs, en particulier sous forme d'un tampon de crash |
CN201320420379.2U CN203727625U (zh) | 2012-07-16 | 2013-07-16 | 撞击保护装置 |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP12176549.9A EP2687416B1 (fr) | 2012-07-16 | 2012-07-16 | Sécurité anti-chocs, en particulier sous forme d'un tampon de crash |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2687416A1 true EP2687416A1 (fr) | 2014-01-22 |
EP2687416B1 EP2687416B1 (fr) | 2014-09-03 |
Family
ID=48748092
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP12176549.9A Active EP2687416B1 (fr) | 2012-07-16 | 2012-07-16 | Sécurité anti-chocs, en particulier sous forme d'un tampon de crash |
EP13176476.3A Active EP2687417B1 (fr) | 2012-07-16 | 2013-07-15 | Sécurité anti-chocs, en particulier sous forme d'un tampon de crash |
Family Applications After (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP13176476.3A Active EP2687417B1 (fr) | 2012-07-16 | 2013-07-15 | Sécurité anti-chocs, en particulier sous forme d'un tampon de crash |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (2) | EP2687416B1 (fr) |
CN (1) | CN203727625U (fr) |
PL (2) | PL2687416T3 (fr) |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2016023851A1 (fr) * | 2014-08-13 | 2016-02-18 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Véhicule ferroviaire avec accouplement disposé dans la zone de son côté avant |
DE102016203921A1 (de) * | 2016-03-10 | 2017-09-14 | Voith Patent Gmbh | Auslöseüberwachungseinrichtung für ein Verformungsrohr in einer Kupplung; Verformungsrohr für eine Kupplung und Zugkupplung |
EP3392522A1 (fr) * | 2017-04-21 | 2018-10-24 | The Boeing Company | Absorbeur de chocs à patin de queue et indicateur |
WO2019045579A1 (fr) * | 2017-08-29 | 2019-03-07 | Axtone S.A. | Appareil d'absorption |
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CN109653131B (zh) * | 2018-12-26 | 2023-06-27 | 长安大学 | 一种消能护栏装置 |
CN109703591A (zh) * | 2019-02-26 | 2019-05-03 | 中车长春轨道客车股份有限公司 | 车辆及其车体碰撞吸能装置 |
CN109974527A (zh) * | 2019-04-28 | 2019-07-05 | 吉林大学 | 防爆吸能装置 |
PL3771610T3 (pl) * | 2019-07-29 | 2024-06-24 | Falk Schneider | Zderzak tulejowy z oporem mechanicznym podczas ruchu teleskopowego |
CN112148156B (zh) * | 2020-09-17 | 2023-02-10 | 深圳市嘉中电子有限公司 | 一种触摸屏 |
CN112208937B (zh) * | 2020-09-29 | 2022-04-15 | 常州宏业包装材料有限公司 | 一种不易变形的纸箱 |
US12091064B2 (en) * | 2021-01-29 | 2024-09-17 | Amsted Rail Company, Inc. | Modular crash energy management systems for car coupling systems of rail cars |
CN113445452A (zh) * | 2021-07-12 | 2021-09-28 | 长沙理工大学 | 一种新型剪切挤胀吸能的可导向防撞垫 |
CN114775514A (zh) * | 2022-04-13 | 2022-07-22 | 中交第四航务工程勘察设计院有限公司 | 积木式重力方块码头 |
CN116398567B (zh) * | 2023-03-27 | 2023-09-22 | 江苏科技大学 | 波纹型薄壁三层缓冲吸能结构及其制作方法 |
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EP2036799A1 (fr) | 2007-09-11 | 2009-03-18 | Voith Patent GmbH | Unité d'absorption d'énergie échangeable, en particulier pour l'utilisation en association avec un tampon |
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- 2012-07-16 PL PL12176549T patent/PL2687416T3/pl unknown
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2013
- 2013-07-15 EP EP13176476.3A patent/EP2687417B1/fr active Active
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DE457171C (de) * | 1927-01-27 | 1928-03-09 | Wilhelm Wurl | Elsenbahnhuelsenpuffer |
GB882724A (en) * | 1957-09-07 | 1961-11-15 | Garringtons Ltd | Improvements relating to railway buffers |
DE3610567A1 (de) * | 1986-03-27 | 1987-10-01 | Ringfeder Gmbh | Huelsenpuffer zur federnden aufnahme von stosskraeften, insbesondere fuer schienenfahrzeuge |
EP1247716A1 (fr) * | 2001-04-04 | 2002-10-09 | Oleo International Limited | Tampon à deux phases |
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Cited By (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2016023851A1 (fr) * | 2014-08-13 | 2016-02-18 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Véhicule ferroviaire avec accouplement disposé dans la zone de son côté avant |
RU178066U1 (ru) * | 2014-08-13 | 2018-03-21 | Сименс Акциенгезелльшафт | Рельсовое транспортное средство с расположенной в зоне его передней части сцепной муфтой |
US10906569B2 (en) | 2014-08-13 | 2021-02-02 | Siemens Mobility GmbH | Rail vehicle having a coupling arranged in the front region thereof |
DE102016203921A1 (de) * | 2016-03-10 | 2017-09-14 | Voith Patent Gmbh | Auslöseüberwachungseinrichtung für ein Verformungsrohr in einer Kupplung; Verformungsrohr für eine Kupplung und Zugkupplung |
US11332170B2 (en) | 2016-03-10 | 2022-05-17 | Voith Patent Gmbh | Triggering monitoring device for a deformation tube for a coupling; and train coupling |
EP3392522A1 (fr) * | 2017-04-21 | 2018-10-24 | The Boeing Company | Absorbeur de chocs à patin de queue et indicateur |
US10669016B2 (en) | 2017-04-21 | 2020-06-02 | The Boeing Company | Tail skid shock absorber and indicator |
US11242135B2 (en) | 2017-04-21 | 2022-02-08 | The Boeing Company | Tail skid shock absorber and indicator |
US11530030B2 (en) | 2017-04-21 | 2022-12-20 | The Boeing Company | Tail skid shock absorber and indicator |
WO2019045579A1 (fr) * | 2017-08-29 | 2019-03-07 | Axtone S.A. | Appareil d'absorption |
US11453420B2 (en) | 2017-08-29 | 2022-09-27 | Axtone S.A | Absorbing apparatus |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN203727625U (zh) | 2014-07-23 |
EP2687417A1 (fr) | 2014-01-22 |
EP2687417B1 (fr) | 2015-03-04 |
PL2687417T3 (pl) | 2015-08-31 |
PL2687416T3 (pl) | 2015-02-27 |
EP2687416B1 (fr) | 2014-09-03 |
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