EP2686457B1 - Apparatus for the continuous thermal treatment of electrically conductive continually cast material and arrangement of a sliding contact element - Google Patents

Apparatus for the continuous thermal treatment of electrically conductive continually cast material and arrangement of a sliding contact element Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2686457B1
EP2686457B1 EP12700617.9A EP12700617A EP2686457B1 EP 2686457 B1 EP2686457 B1 EP 2686457B1 EP 12700617 A EP12700617 A EP 12700617A EP 2686457 B1 EP2686457 B1 EP 2686457B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
shaped structure
pin
sliding contact
electrically conductive
elastic
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP12700617.9A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2686457A1 (en
Inventor
Gerhard Herbst
Rainer Schwarz
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Schunk Kohlenstofftechnik GmbH
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Schunk Kohlenstofftechnik GmbH
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Priority to PL12700617T priority Critical patent/PL2686457T3/en
Publication of EP2686457A1 publication Critical patent/EP2686457A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2686457B1 publication Critical patent/EP2686457B1/en
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/0006—Details, accessories not peculiar to any of the following furnaces
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/52—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for wires; for strips ; for rods of unlimited length
    • C21D9/54—Furnaces for treating strips or wire
    • C21D9/56—Continuous furnaces for strip or wire
    • C21D9/562—Details
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/52—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for wires; for strips ; for rods of unlimited length
    • C21D9/54—Furnaces for treating strips or wire
    • C21D9/56—Continuous furnaces for strip or wire
    • C21D9/62—Continuous furnaces for strip or wire with direct resistance heating
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R39/00—Rotary current collectors, distributors or interrupters
    • H01R39/02—Details for dynamo electric machines
    • H01R39/38—Brush holders
    • H01R39/383—Brush holders characterised by the electrical connection to the brush holder
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R39/00—Rotary current collectors, distributors or interrupters
    • H01R39/64—Devices for uninterrupted current collection

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for the continuous heat treatment of electrically conductive extrudate and to an arrangement of a sliding contact element, as used in such devices.
  • the invention will be described in the context of an apparatus for the continuous heat treatment of electrically conductive extrudates, in particular with a anneal for metallic wires, which are also referred to as wire continuous annealing.
  • the core of the invention is an arrangement of a sliding contact element, which can also find an advantageous application in connection with other devices or methods.
  • conductive wire continuous annealing which are also referred to as wire flow resistance annealing
  • the power supply to the wire to be heated by means of an electric current via contact discs, catalyst tubes or contact rollers, via which the current is introduced into the wire.
  • An assembly, a product, and a method for attaching such a contact tube to a shaft of a continuous wire resistance annealer are described DE 10 2009 008 695 A1 , the contents of which are hereby expressly and completely made part of the disclosure of the present description.
  • Wire continuous annealing is often used in conjunction with wire drawing devices for heat treating the drawn wires.
  • the DE 11 79 724 describes a device and method for drawing and post annealing of wires and explains the interaction of both processes in the manufacture of very fine metallic wires.
  • a more modern apparatus and method for drawing wire reveals the DE 10 2007 019 289 A1 .
  • An annealing device for the annealing of metallic extrudates with multiple contact discs is in the DE 199 39 399 A1 described.
  • the contents of these three writings, so the DE 11 79 724 , of the DE 10 2007 019 289 A1 and the DE 199 39 399 A1 are hereby expressly and completely made part of the disclosure of the present description
  • Sliding contacts in potentiometers, rotary switches and current collectors are made of just such materials, but are referred to as current collector stripper and potentiometers as grinder.
  • a brush holder for an electrical machine eg. As a speedometer dynamo, with resiliently pressed against the fins of a commutator, known as rod-shaped brushes, which are arranged radially, annular in guide frames, with the lamellar contact surfaces facing radially inward and externally acted upon by a spring, wherein the brushes are arranged in recesses in a plastic ring which surrounds the armature of the dynamo.
  • a carbon brush mount for a motor comprising an insulated housing, a conductive carbon brush holder member, and a carbon brush, wherein the carbon brush is further electrically connected by a wire and a spring to a conductive member in the lid of the housing.
  • the electrical contact between the conductive element and the carbon brush holder element is improved by the edge design.
  • the present invention has for its object to provide a technical teaching with which the problems caused by the high susceptibility of the sliding contact elements in such wire continuous annealing problems are mitigated.
  • this object is achieved by an arrangement of at least one sliding contact element on or at a power supply element by means of a solved by peeling releasable connector having at least one elastic and electrically conductive fastener.
  • a sliding contact element is to be understood as meaning an electrically conductive object which is designed such that it is suitable for making electrical contact with a movable conductor.
  • sliding contact elements are carbon brushes or other, preferably metallic conductor arrangements, which can preferably be pressed by means of elastic or pneumatic bearings on the movable conductor to be contacted. Especially in the power transmission to rotating systems carbon brushes are used, which run on slip rings or on commutators.
  • Other examples of sliding contact elements are contact pieces that contact wires or rails. The current is preferably passed through connections with copper strands, which are then connected by ramming, riveting or adhesive contacts firmly with the preferably made of a wear-resistant material, particularly preferably made of graphite-based sliding contact element.
  • the materials used to build a sliding contact element are softer than the material of the conductor to be contacted so that it is protected against wear. Because of the friction on the surface of the conductor to be contacted wears the softer sliding contact element in the course of prolonged operation, which is why the worn sliding contact elements must be regularly replaced with new sliding contact elements.
  • the arrangement according to the invention of at least one sliding contact element on or on a power supply element by means of a removable by peeling plug connection having at least one elastic and electrically conductive fastener defuses the problems associated with it, because the connector according to the invention allows easy interchangeability of the sliding contact elements.
  • the worn, worn down to the wear limit sliding contact element can at the end of the service life Simply peel off the power supply element can be separated, and it can be a new sliding contact easily attached to the power supply element.
  • Inventive sliding contact elements can be constructed and manufactured in a particularly simple manner because of the simple manner of their attachment to the power supply element.
  • the power supply elements are subject to virtually no wear and can be practically reused without restriction.
  • a power supply element is to be understood as an electrically conductive design element of the arrangement according to the invention that is electrically conductively connected to an external current or voltage source and to the at least one sliding contact element, which is preferably opposite the environment, in particular with respect to a housing of an arrangement according to the invention or one of these Arrangement-containing device is electrically isolated.
  • This power supply element is used in addition to the electrical contact and the holder and guide of at least one sliding contact element.
  • the DE 196 14 586 B4 the contents of which are hereby expressly and completely made part of the disclosure of the present description, in the FIG. 3 an example of a power supply element, which serves in addition to the electrical connection of the carbon brush with the power source and the electrically insulated from the housing of the wire annealing bracket of the carbon brush.
  • a plug connection means a mechanical connection of two components, preferably at least one power supply element with at least one sliding contact element, which is preferably made by attaching a first component to a second component and preferably by removing one of the two components from the other component again can be solved. Preferably this process leaves no lasting traces, so that both components are preferably not changed by the plugging and subsequent peeling.
  • Known examples of such connectors are conventional connectors for connecting and disconnecting electrical lines. In electrical connectors, one distinguishes the male part of a connector (with outwardly facing pins) from the female part (with inwardly facing contact holes) (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Connectors). There are also connectors with plug-in elements of both sexes.
  • the invention provides that the connector according to the invention comprises at least one elastic and electrically conductive fastener
  • an elastic fastening element is to be understood as a structural element of an arrangement according to the invention, which serves for fastening, in particular for improving the holding force and the stability of a plug connection according to the invention, since this fastening element is capable of a reversible change in shape due to its elastic properties the mating of the connector is the construction of a force that prevents the improper disengagement of the connector after mating the connector, or at least makes it difficult.
  • the elastic fastener is constantly under a pressure that continuously sustains the mating of the connector caused reversible deformation of the elastic fastener, whereby the force built upon mating of the connector force after mating the connector continuously prevents the improper disengagement of the connector or at least more difficult.
  • elastic fastening elements according to the invention therefore consist of Materials that do not lose their elasticity during the useful life of the sliding contact element even under the particular conditions of operation of the arrangement according to the invention, in particular under the heat and current load.
  • an electrically conductive elastic fastening element is to be understood as meaning an elastic fastening element whose electrical conductivity is at least high enough to sufficiently ensure current transmission from a power supply element to the sliding contact element arranged on or above the plug connection in order to achieve the intended purpose To be able to fulfill the function of the arrangement according to the invention.
  • an arrangement with a plug connection which has at least one peg-shaped structure, preferably an outwardly pointing contact pin, and at least one hollow structure matching the peg-shaped structure, preferably an inwardly-facing contact opening, the sliding contact element comprising the peg-shaped structure and the Power supply element having the hollow structure or the sliding contact element, the hollow structure and the power supply element has the peg-shaped structure.
  • the peg-shaped structure, the hollow structure and the at least one elastic and electrically conductive fastening element are designed such that the elastic and electrically conductive fastening element can be placed when mating the connector between mating walls of the peg-shaped structure and the hollow structure.
  • a peg-shaped structure is to be understood as meaning a raised shape that points outward from the surface of the carrier of this structure and that is designed in such a way that it is peg-shaped Structure is suitable in conjunction with a matching hollow structure to form a connector.
  • a hollow structure fitting to a peg-shaped structure is to be understood as meaning a shape pointing inward into the surface of the support of this structure, preferably a depression, which is designed such that this hollow structure interacts with a peg-shaped one matching to it Structure is suitable for forming a plug connection.
  • the at least one fastening element encloses the at least one peg-shaped structure at least partially annularly.
  • the fastener is in the form of a cylindrically-shaped ring whose height and inner radius are sized so that the ring can be slid over at least one peg-shaped structure and placed on the peg-shaped structure such that the ring is preferably not over the outer End of the peg-shaped structure protrudes and preferably firmly seated on the at least partially occupied by the ring wall of the peg-shaped structure, so preferably is not arranged displaceable without the application of a force.
  • At least one sliding contact element is a carbon brush.
  • Carbon brushes preferably graphite-based, are preferred sliding contact elements in many applications, among other reasons because they are significantly softer than metals.
  • the mechanical properties of graphite make this material particularly suitable for a plug connection.
  • the electrical conductivity of this material is also sufficient for numerous applications.
  • an arrangement is provided in which at least one fastening element consists at least partially of an elastic plastic.
  • an elastic plastic is to be understood as meaning an elastic solid whose material is produced at least partially synthetically or semisynthetically preferably from monomeric organic molecules by polymerization of these molecules (so-called polymer plastic or simply "polymer”).
  • Elastic polymers are also referred to as elastomers. By pressure or elongation elastomers can change their shape elastically; Upon completion of compression or stretching, the elastomer quickly regains its original shape (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plastic_Elastomere).
  • the elastomers include in particular all types of crosslinked rubber.
  • the crosslinking is preferably carried out by vulcanization with sulfur, by means of peroxides, metal oxides or by irradiation.
  • the elastomers are predominantly cross-linked and therefore flexible. They do not soften when heated and are insoluble in most solvents. Therefore, they are used for, for example, hygiene articles or chemical gloves.
  • the rubber compound of car tires is also an elastomer which obtains its properties by vulcanization.
  • elastomers are natural rubber (NR), acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber (NBR), styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR), chloroprene rubber (CR), butadiene rubber (BR) and ethylene-propylene-diene rubber (EPDM ).
  • Elastic plastics may be electrically conductive or made electrically conductive by additives. Plastics are generally considered excellent insulators. That's because polymers are the basic requirement for electrical conductivity, quasi-free electrons, completely missing. By adding substances (doping), which either supply electrons to the chain (reduction) or by means of removal (oxidation) create free sites for the movement of electrons, it is possible to produce electrically conductive polymers. For example, polyacetylene and poly (p-phenylene) become electrically conductive when doped with bromine, iodine or perchloric acid. Other important electrically conductive polymers are polyaniline doped with hydrochloric acid and polypyrrole from anodic oxidation.
  • Conductive polymers also called electrically self-conducting polymers, are plastics with electrical conductivity. This is in contrast to normal polymers that do not conduct electricity. The conductivity of the polymer is achieved by conjugated double bonds, which allow a free mobility of charge carriers. This is in contrast to electrically conductive additives such as aluminum flakes or carbon black, in which the polymer itself does not conduct the electrical current.
  • the structure of the self-conducting polymers (http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leitschreibe_Polymere) is analogous to the conventional plastics highly disordered. They are neither soluble nor decomposable melted. Often, the polymers also deviate from the ideal chemical composition, since in the formation of undesirable side reactions can occur. The structure and thus also the physical properties are strongly influenced by the synthesis conditions. Apart from the monomer used, among other things, the solvent, the conducting salt and the oxidation conditions affect the chemical composition and the morphology of the polymer.
  • the electrical conductivity requires freely movable charge carriers. Therefore, electrically self-conducting polymers have an extended ⁇ -electron system in the form of conjugated double bonds.
  • the charge carriers are hole electrons.
  • An exception is polyacetylene, in which a negatively charged polymer backbone can be produced.
  • anions are incorporated in the polymer. If an electric current flows, the charge carriers must also transfer from one polymer chain to an adjacent one, because the conjugated chains have only a finite length. Therefore, the total resistance is the sum of the resistances in the polymer chains and the resistances between the chains. The greater influence on the electrical conductivity has the higher resistance between the chains. The shorter the conjugated chains, the higher the resistance because the charge carriers must be transferred more often between the chains.
  • the polymer backbone can be reversibly electrochemically oxidized and reduced.
  • the conductivity can be varied from the insulating reduced state to the oxidized conductive state.
  • the oxidation injects holes into the conjugated polymer chains. Initially, the conductivity increases with the number of charge carriers generated. However, overoxidation leads to the irreversible destruction of the conjugation and thus to the loss of electrical conductivity. Since the polymer chains charge positively as a result of the oxidation, anions are incorporated into the polymer layer for charge compensation. During the reduction, they are forced back into the electrolyte solution.
  • the incorporation of cations to maintain the charge neutrality is possible, especially if in the synthesis bulky anions were used, which are stuck in the polymer, for example, polystyrene sulfonate.
  • the term "doping" is also used. This is what the oxidation is called p-doping. However, this is not comparable to the classical doping of inorganic semiconductors. There, foreign atoms are introduced in comparably low concentrations. The oxidation of the polymer backbone, however, generates the charge carriers in a direct way and in a much higher concentration. For thin layers, the color of the conductive polymer depends on the oxidation state.
  • the preparation of electrically self-conducting polymers can be carried out chemically, electrochemically, photoelectrochemically or by CVD (chemical vapor deposition). Apart from different starting compounds that are available, their derivatization or the formation of copolymers allows a broad spectrum of chemical and physical properties to be achieved. Very simple is the electrochemical deposition of thin layers by the oxidation of the monomeric starting material.
  • the self-conducting polymer is produced in the oxidized, conductive state. The positive charges of the polymer backbone are compensated by the incorporation of anions of the conductive salt.
  • Important examples of electrically self-conducting polymers are polyacetylene, polyaniline, polyparaphenylene, polypyrrole and polythiophene.
  • an arrangement according to the invention is provided as part of a power supply to at least one rotating conductor.
  • rotating conductors are commutators, slip rings and the like or other rotating electrically conductive construction elements of electrical machinery or equipment.
  • an arrangement according to the invention is provided as part of a power supply to at least one wire moved along its axis.
  • conductive wire continuous annealing is provided as part of a power supply to at least one wire moved along its axis.
  • an arrangement according to the invention is part of a Provided device for continuous heat treatment of metallic extrudate.
  • a method for supplying power to a movable conductor by means of a sliding contact element is provided, which is arranged on or on a power supply element by means of a removable by peelable connector having at least one elastic and electrically conductive fastener, at least one peg-shaped structure and at least one of the peg-shaped structure has matching hollow structure.
  • the peg-shaped structure, the hollow structure and the at least one elastic and electrically conductive fastening element are configured such that the elastic and electrically conductive fastening element can be placed when mating the connector between mating walls of the peg-shaped structure and the hollow structure.
  • the at least one elastic and electrically conductive fastening element encloses the at least one peg-shaped structure at least partially annularly.
  • a method is also provided with a sliding contact configured as a carbon brush.
  • the invention further provides an apparatus for the continuous heat treatment of metallic extrudates with at least one heating section, in which the metallic extrudate is guided over two contact rollers, wherein the first contact roller arranged at a first end and the second contact roller at a second end of at least one heating section and wherein the first and second contact rollers are connected to a voltage source such that a current flows through the metallic strand between the first and second contact rollers, wherein at least one of the contact rollers is electrically contacted via at least one sliding contact element which is in electrical contact is arranged with a slip ring disc concentric with the axis of this contact roller.
  • the at least one sliding contact element is arranged on or at a power supply element by means of a detachable by peeling plug connection
  • the plug connection has at least one elastic and electrically conductive fastening element.
  • the plug connection has at least one peg-shaped structure and at least one hollow structure matching the peg-shaped structure.
  • the peg-shaped structure, the hollow structure and the at least one elastic and electrically conductive fastening element are configured such that the elastic and electrically conductive fastening element can be placed when mating the connector between mating walls of the peg-shaped structure and the hollow structure.
  • the at least one elastic and electrically conductive fastening element encloses the at least one peg-shaped structure at least partially annularly.
  • a device is provided with at least one sliding contact element, which is arranged on or on a power supply element fixedly connected to the housing of the glow device and electrically relative to this housing is isolated.
  • a device with at least one sliding contact element is also provided, at the end facing away from the slip ring, a piston of a piston-cylinder device engages.
  • a device is also provided in which the piston-cylinder device is arranged by means of a holder on the housing of the device of this electrically isolated.
  • a device is additionally provided in which at least one sliding contact element is a carbon brush.
  • FIG. 1a 1 schematically shows an embodiment of the invention in which the sliding contact element 1 has a peg-shaped structure 5 which fits into a hollow structure 6 present in the power supply element 2. All figures shown here are not to scale. In particular, the air gaps 3 and 4 are preferably substantially smaller than shown in the figures.
  • FIG. 1b embodiment shown differs from that in the FIG. 1a shown embodiment in that the air gap 4 not as in the in the FIG. 1a shown embodiment is limited by parallel surfaces, but that the hollow structure 6 of the in FIG. 1b shown conically tapered down, creating a comparison with FIG. 1a larger, not substantially disappearing residual volume of the air gap 4 is formed.
  • FIGS. 2a and 2b show further embodiments of the arrangement according to the invention, in which the peg-shaped structure 5 not as in the Embodiments of FIGS. 1a and 1b are attached to the sliding contact element 1, but to the power supply element 2. Accordingly, the hollow structures 6 that match the peg-shaped structure 5 are mounted in the sliding contact member 1.
  • FIG. 3 schematically shows an embodiment of a device according to the invention in partial view, in which a wire over two contact rollers K1, K2 runs, between which the wire passes through a heating distance (ES).
  • FIG. 4 shows in a schematic way a further partial view of a device according to the invention, in particular a wire annealing.
  • the wire (D) passes over a contact roller K1, with which a slip ring S1 is arranged concentrically.
  • the sliding contact element 1 is mounted by means of a plug connection (SV) on the power supply element 2, wherein in this figure, the elastic and electrically conductive fastening element is not shown.
  • the power supply element 2 is held and guided by a piston-cylinder device (KZE).

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Motor Or Generator Current Collectors (AREA)
  • Control Of Resistance Heating (AREA)
  • Current-Collector Devices For Electrically Propelled Vehicles (AREA)
  • Resistance Heating (AREA)
  • Manufacturing Of Electrical Connectors (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Strip Materials And Filament Materials (AREA)
  • Furnace Details (AREA)
  • Cleaning In General (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine Vorrichtung zur kontinuierlichen Wärmebehandlung von elektrisch leitfähigem Stranggut und auf eine Anordnung eines Schleifkontaktelements, wie er in solchen Vorrichtungen eingesetzt wird. Die Erfindung wird im Zusammenhang mit einer Vorrichtung zur kontinuierlichen Wärmebehandlung von elektrisch leitfähigem Stranggut, insbesondere mit einer Glühe für metallische Drähte beschrieben, die auch als Drahtdurchlaufglühen bezeichnet werden. Kern der Erfindung ist jedoch eine Anordnung eines Schleifkontaktelements, die auch im Zusammenhang mit anderen Vorrichtungen oder Verfahren eine vorteilhafte Anwendung finden kann.The invention relates to a device for the continuous heat treatment of electrically conductive extrudate and to an arrangement of a sliding contact element, as used in such devices. The invention will be described in the context of an apparatus for the continuous heat treatment of electrically conductive extrudates, in particular with a anneal for metallic wires, which are also referred to as wire continuous annealing. However, the core of the invention is an arrangement of a sliding contact element, which can also find an advantageous application in connection with other devices or methods.

Bei konduktiven Drahtdurchlaufglühen, die auch als Drahtdurchlauf-Widerstandsglühen bezeichnet werden, erfolgt die Stromzuführung zu dem mit Hilfe eines elektrischen Stroms zu beheizenden Drahtes über Kontaktscheiben, Kontaktrohre oder Kontaktrollen, über welche der Strom in den Draht eingeleitet wird. Eine Anordnung, ein Erzeugnis und ein Verfahren zur Befestigung eines solchen Kontaktrohres auf einer Welle einer Drahtdurchlauf-Widerstandsglühe beschreibt die DE 10 2009 008 695 A1 , deren Inhalt hiermit ausdrücklich und vollständig zum Bestandteil der Offenbarung der vorliegenden Beschreibung gemacht wird.In conductive wire continuous annealing, which are also referred to as wire flow resistance annealing, the power supply to the wire to be heated by means of an electric current via contact discs, catalyst tubes or contact rollers, via which the current is introduced into the wire. An assembly, a product, and a method for attaching such a contact tube to a shaft of a continuous wire resistance annealer are described DE 10 2009 008 695 A1 , the contents of which are hereby expressly and completely made part of the disclosure of the present description.

Drahtdurchlaufglühen werden häufig im Zusammenhang mit Vorrichtungen zum Ziehen von Draht zur Wärmebehandlung der gezogenen Drähte eingesetzt. Die DE 11 79 724 beschreibt eine Vorrichtung und ein Verfahren zum Ziehen und nachträglichen Glühen von Drähten und erklärt das Zusammenwirken beider Vorgänge bei der Herstellung feinster metallischer Drähte. Eine modernere Vorrichtung und ein entsprechendes Verfahren zum Ziehen von Draht offenbart die DE 10 2007 019 289 A1 . Eine Glühvorrichtung zur Glühbehandlung von metallischem Stranggut mit mehreren Kontaktscheiben wird in der DE 199 39 399 A1 beschrieben. Auch die Inhalte dieser drei Schriften, also der DE 11 79 724 , der DE 10 2007 019 289 A1 und der DE 199 39 399 A1 werden hiermit ausdrücklich und vollständig zum Bestandteil der Offenbarung der vorliegenden Beschreibung gemachtWire continuous annealing is often used in conjunction with wire drawing devices for heat treating the drawn wires. The DE 11 79 724 describes a device and method for drawing and post annealing of wires and explains the interaction of both processes in the manufacture of very fine metallic wires. A more modern apparatus and method for drawing wire reveals the DE 10 2007 019 289 A1 , An annealing device for the annealing of metallic extrudates with multiple contact discs is in the DE 199 39 399 A1 described. The contents of these three writings, so the DE 11 79 724 , of the DE 10 2007 019 289 A1 and the DE 199 39 399 A1 are hereby expressly and completely made part of the disclosure of the present description

Ein weiteres Beispiel einer solchen Drahtdurchlaufglühe beschreibt die DE 196 14 586 B4 , deren Inhalt hiermit ausdrücklich und vollständig zum Bestandteil der Offenbarung der vorliegenden Beschreibung gemacht wird. In der DE 196 14 586 B4 wird insbesondere beschrieben, in welcher Weise die Kontaktrollen einer solchen Drahtdurchlaufglühe über "Kohlen" oder Kohlebürsten, also über verschleißanfällige Schleifkontaktelemente elektrisch kontaktiert werden. Diese Kohlebürsten sind Verschleißteile, die relativ häufig durch neue Teile ersetzt werden müssen. Kohlebürsten bestehen meistens aus Graphit (http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kohlebürste). Abhängig vom Einsatzfall werden sie teilweise zusätzlich mit metallischen Komponenten (Kupfer, Silber, Molybdän) sowie mit Bindemitteln (Pech, Harze oder Kunststoffpulver)angereichert. Oder sie bestehen ganz aus Metall. In diesen Fällen heißen sie auch "Bürsten" und die Borsten bestehen aus Metalldrähten.Another example of such a wire continuous annealing describes the DE 196 14 586 B4 , the contents of which are hereby expressly and completely made part of the disclosure of the present description. In the DE 196 14 586 B4 In particular, it is described how the contact rollers of such a wire continuous annealing are electrically contacted via "carbon" or carbon brushes, that is, via wear-prone sliding contact elements. These carbon brushes are wear parts that must be replaced relatively often by new parts. Carbon brushes are mostly made of graphite (http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karbon brush). Depending on the application, they are sometimes additionally enriched with metallic components (copper, silver, molybdenum) as well as with binders (pitch, resins or plastic powder). Or they are made entirely of metal. In these cases, they are also called "brushes" and the bristles are made of metal wires.

Schleifkontakte in Potentiometern, Drehschaltern und an Stromabnehmern bestehen aus ebensolchen Materialien, werden jedoch bei Stromabnehmern als Schleifleiste und bei Potentiometern als Schleifer bezeichnet.Sliding contacts in potentiometers, rotary switches and current collectors are made of just such materials, but are referred to as current collector stripper and potentiometers as grinder.

Aus der DE 34 05 193 A1 ist eine Bürstenhalterung für eine elektrische Maschine, z. B. einen Tachometer-Dynamo, mit federnd gegen die Lamellen eines Kommutators gedrückten, etwa stabförmigen Bürsten bekannt, die radial, ringförmig in Führungsfassungen angeordnet sind, mit den Lamellen-Kontaktflächen radial nach innen weisen und außenseitig von einer Feder beaufschlagt sind, wobei die Bürsten in Ausnehmungen in einem Kunststoff-Ring angeordnet sind, welcher den Anker des Dynamos umfängt.From the DE 34 05 193 A1 is a brush holder for an electrical machine, eg. As a speedometer dynamo, with resiliently pressed against the fins of a commutator, known as rod-shaped brushes, which are arranged radially, annular in guide frames, with the lamellar contact surfaces facing radially inward and externally acted upon by a spring, wherein the brushes are arranged in recesses in a plastic ring which surrounds the armature of the dynamo.

Aus der JP 59-222535 A ist eine Stromzuführungsrolle für einen Draht in einer Drahtglühe bekannt, bei der die Bürsten so angeordnet sind, dass der Strom über einen kleineren Winkel als den Umschlingungswinkel zwischen dem Draht und der Rolle auf den Draht übertragen wird. Auf diese Weise wird nur über einen solchen Winkel Strom auf den Draht übertragen, in welchem dieser in engem Kontakt mit der Rolle steht, wodurch die Entstehung von Funken und damit eine elektrolytische Korrosion vermieden wird.From the JP 59-222535 A For example, there is known a current supply roll for a wire in a wire annealer in which the brushes are arranged to transfer the current to the wire through a smaller angle than the wrap angle between the wire and the roll. In this way, power is transmitted to the wire only at such an angle, in which it is in close contact with the roller, whereby the formation of sparks and thus an electrolytic corrosion is avoided.

Aus der US 2008/0296995 A1 ist eine Kohlebürstenhalterung für einen Motor bekannt, welche ein isoliertes Gehäuse, ein stromleitendes Kohlebürstenhalterelement und eine Kohlebürste aufweist, wobei die Kohlebürste weiterhin durch einen Draht und eine Feder elektrisch mit einem leitenden Element im Deckel des Gehäuses verbunden ist. Dabei ist die elektrische Kontaktierung zwischen dem leitenden Element und dem Kohlebürstenhalterelement durch deren Kantengestaltung verbessert.From the US 2008/0296995 A1 For example, there is known a carbon brush mount for a motor comprising an insulated housing, a conductive carbon brush holder member, and a carbon brush, wherein the carbon brush is further electrically connected by a wire and a spring to a conductive member in the lid of the housing. In this case, the electrical contact between the conductive element and the carbon brush holder element is improved by the edge design.

Der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine technische Lehre anzugeben, mit der die durch die hohe Verschleißanfälligkeit der Schleifkontaktelemente in solchen Drahtdurchlaufglühen verursachten Probleme entschärft werden.The present invention has for its object to provide a technical teaching with which the problems caused by the high susceptibility of the sliding contact elements in such wire continuous annealing problems are mitigated.

Erfindungsgemäß wird diese Aufgabe durch eine Anordnung wenigstens eines Schleifkontaktelements auf oder an einem Stromzuführungselement mittels einer durch Abziehen lösbaren Steckverbindung gelöst, die wenigstens ein elastisches und elektrisch leitfähiges Befestigungselement aufweist.According to the invention, this object is achieved by an arrangement of at least one sliding contact element on or at a power supply element by means of a solved by peeling releasable connector having at least one elastic and electrically conductive fastener.

In diesem Zusammenhang ist unter einem Schleifkontaktelement ein elektrisch leitfähiger Gegenstand zu verstehen, der so ausgestaltet ist, dass er zur elektrischen Kontaktierung eines beweglichen Leiters geeignet ist. Beispiele für Schleifkontaktelemente sind Kohlebürsten oder andere, vorzugsweise metallische Leiteranordnungen, die vorzugsweise mit Hilfe elastischer oder pneumatischer Lagerungen an den zu kontaktierenden beweglichen Leiter angepresst werden können. Insbesondere bei der Stromübertragung auf drehende Systeme werden Kohlebürsten eingesetzt, die auf Schleifringen oder auf Kommutatoren laufen. Weitere Beispiele für Schleifkontaktelemente sind Schleifstücke, die Drähte oder Schienen kontaktieren. Dabei wird der Strom vorzugsweise über Anschlüsse mit Kupferlitzen geleitet, die dann durch Stampf-, Niet- oder Klebekontakte fest mit dem vorzugsweise aus einem verschleißenden Werkstoff, besonders vorzugsweise auf Graphitbasis hergestellten Schleifkontaktelement verbunden werden.In this context, a sliding contact element is to be understood as meaning an electrically conductive object which is designed such that it is suitable for making electrical contact with a movable conductor. Examples of sliding contact elements are carbon brushes or other, preferably metallic conductor arrangements, which can preferably be pressed by means of elastic or pneumatic bearings on the movable conductor to be contacted. Especially in the power transmission to rotating systems carbon brushes are used, which run on slip rings or on commutators. Other examples of sliding contact elements are contact pieces that contact wires or rails. The current is preferably passed through connections with copper strands, which are then connected by ramming, riveting or adhesive contacts firmly with the preferably made of a wear-resistant material, particularly preferably made of graphite-based sliding contact element.

Vorzugsweise sind die zum Aufbau eines Schleifkontaktelementes verwendeten Materialen weicher als das Material des zu kontaktierenden Leiters, damit dieser gegen Verschleiß geschützt wird. Wegen der Reibung an der Oberfläche des zu kontaktierenden Leiters verschleißt das weichere Schleifkontaktelement im Laufe eines längeren Betriebes, weswegen die abgenutzten Schleifkontaktelemente regelmäßig gegen neue Schleifkontaktelemente ausgewechselt werden müssen. Die erfindungsgemäße Anordnung wenigstens eines Schleifkontaktelements auf oder an einem Stromzuführungselement mittels einer durch Abziehen lösbaren Steckverbindung, die wenigstens ein elastisches und elektrisch leitfähiges Befestigungselement aufweist, entschärft die hiermit verbundenen Probleme, weil die erfindungsgemäße Steckverbindung eine einfache Austauschbarkeit der Schleifkontaktelemente ermöglicht. Das abgenutzte, bis zur Verschleißgrenze abgetragene Schleifkontaktelement kann am Ende der Gebrauchsdauer durch einfaches Abziehen von dem Stromzuführungselement getrennt werden, und es kann ein neues Schleifkontaktelement sehr einfach auf das Stromzuführungselement aufgesteckt werden.Preferably, the materials used to build a sliding contact element are softer than the material of the conductor to be contacted so that it is protected against wear. Because of the friction on the surface of the conductor to be contacted wears the softer sliding contact element in the course of prolonged operation, which is why the worn sliding contact elements must be regularly replaced with new sliding contact elements. The arrangement according to the invention of at least one sliding contact element on or on a power supply element by means of a removable by peeling plug connection having at least one elastic and electrically conductive fastener, defuses the problems associated with it, because the connector according to the invention allows easy interchangeability of the sliding contact elements. The worn, worn down to the wear limit sliding contact element can at the end of the service life Simply peel off the power supply element can be separated, and it can be a new sliding contact easily attached to the power supply element.

Erfindungsgemäße Schleifkontaktelemente können wegen der einfachen Art ihrer Befestigung auf dem Stromzuführungselement in besonders einfacher Weise konstruiert und hergestellt werden. Die Stromzuführungselemente unterliegen praktisch keiner Abnutzung und können praktisch uneingeschränkt wiederverwendet werden.Inventive sliding contact elements can be constructed and manufactured in a particularly simple manner because of the simple manner of their attachment to the power supply element. The power supply elements are subject to virtually no wear and can be practically reused without restriction.

In diesem Zusammenhang ist unter einem Stromzuführungselement ein elektrisch leitfähiges, mit einer äußeren Strom- oder Spannungsquelle und mit dem wenigstens einen Schleifkontaktelement elektrisch leitend verbundenes Konstruktionselement der erfindungsgemäßen Anordnung zu verstehen, welches vorzugsweise gegenüber der Umgebung, insbesondere gegenüber einem Gehäuse einer erfindungsgemäßen Anordnung oder einer diese Anordnung beinhaltenden Vorrichtung elektrisch isoliert ist. Dieses Stromzuführungselement dient neben der elektrischen Kontaktierung auch der Halterung und Führung des wenigstens einen Schleifkontaktelements. Insbesondere die die DE 196 14 586 B4 , deren Inhalt hiermit ausdrücklich und vollständig zum Bestandteil der Offenbarung der vorliegenden Beschreibung gemacht wird, zeigt in der Figur 3 ein Beispiel eines Stromzuführungselements, das neben der elektrischen Verbindung der Kohlebürste mit der Stromquelle auch der elektrisch gegenüber dem Gehäuse der Drahtglühe isolierten Halterung der Kohlebürste dient.In this context, a power supply element is to be understood as an electrically conductive design element of the arrangement according to the invention that is electrically conductively connected to an external current or voltage source and to the at least one sliding contact element, which is preferably opposite the environment, in particular with respect to a housing of an arrangement according to the invention or one of these Arrangement-containing device is electrically isolated. This power supply element is used in addition to the electrical contact and the holder and guide of at least one sliding contact element. In particular, the DE 196 14 586 B4 , the contents of which are hereby expressly and completely made part of the disclosure of the present description, in the FIG. 3 an example of a power supply element, which serves in addition to the electrical connection of the carbon brush with the power source and the electrically insulated from the housing of the wire annealing bracket of the carbon brush.

In diesem Zusammenhang ist unter einer Steckverbindung eine mechanische Verbindung zweier Bauelemente, vorzugsweise wenigstens eines Stromzuführungselements mit wenigstens einem Schleifkontaktelement, zu verstehen, die vorzugsweise durch Aufstecken eines ersten Bauelements auf ein zweites Bauelement hergestellt und vorzugsweise durch Abziehen eines der beiden Bauelemente von dem anderen Bauelement wieder gelöst werden kann. Vorzugsweise hinterlässt dieser Vorgang keine bleibenden Spuren, so dass beide Bauelemente durch das Aufstecken und anschließende Abziehen vorzugsweise nicht verändert werden. Bekannte Beispiele solcher Steckverbindungen sind herkömmliche Steckverbinder zum Verbinden und Trennen von elektrischen Leitungen. Bei elektrischen Steckverbindungen unterscheidet man den männlichen Teil einer Steckverbindung (mit nach außen weisenden Kontaktstiften) vom weiblichen Teil (mit nach innen weisenden Kontaktöffnungen) (http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steckverbinder). Es gibt auch Steckverbinder mit Steckelementen beiderlei Geschlechts.In this context, a plug connection means a mechanical connection of two components, preferably at least one power supply element with at least one sliding contact element, which is preferably made by attaching a first component to a second component and preferably by removing one of the two components from the other component again can be solved. Preferably this process leaves no lasting traces, so that both components are preferably not changed by the plugging and subsequent peeling. Known examples of such connectors are conventional connectors for connecting and disconnecting electrical lines. In electrical connectors, one distinguishes the male part of a connector (with outwardly facing pins) from the female part (with inwardly facing contact holes) (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Connectors). There are also connectors with plug-in elements of both sexes.

Um die Haltekraft und die Stabilität einer solchen durch Abziehen lösbaren Steckverbindung zu verbessern, sieht die Erfindung vor, dass die erfindungsgemäße Steckverbindung wenigstens ein elastisches und elektrisch leitfähiges Befestigungselement aufweistIn order to improve the holding force and the stability of such a detachable by peeling connector, the invention provides that the connector according to the invention comprises at least one elastic and electrically conductive fastener

In diesem Zusammenhang ist unter einem elastischen Befestigungselement ein Konstruktionselement einer erfindungsgemäßen Anordnung zu verstehen, das der Befestigung, insbesondere der Verbesserung der Haltekraft und der Stabilität einer erfindungsgemäßen Steckverbindung dient, indem dieses Befestigungselement durch seine elastischen Eigenschaften zu einer reversiblen Formänderung in der Lage ist, welche beim Zusammenstecken der Steckverbindung dem Aufbau einer Kraft dient, die nach dem Zusammenstecken der Steckverbindung das nicht bestimmungsgemäße Lösen der Steckverbindung verhindert oder zumindest erschwert. Während des Bestehens der Steckverbindung steht das elastische Befestigungselement fortwährend unter einem Druck, der die beim Zusammenstecken der Steckverbindung bewirkte reversible Deformation des elastischen Befestigungselements fortwährend aufrechterhält, wodurch die beim Zusammenstecken der Steckverbindung aufgebaute Kraft nach dem Zusammenstecken der Steckverbindung das nicht bestimmungsgemäße Lösen der Steckverbindung fortwährend verhindert oder zumindest erschwert. Bevorzugt bestehen erfindungsgemäße elastischen Befestigungselemente daher aus Werkstoffen, die ihre Elastizität während der Nutzungsdauer des Schleifkontaktelements auch unter den besonderen Bedingungen des Betriebs der erfindungsgemäßen Anordnung, insbesondere unter der Wärme- und Strombelastung, nicht verlieren.In this context, an elastic fastening element is to be understood as a structural element of an arrangement according to the invention, which serves for fastening, in particular for improving the holding force and the stability of a plug connection according to the invention, since this fastening element is capable of a reversible change in shape due to its elastic properties the mating of the connector is the construction of a force that prevents the improper disengagement of the connector after mating the connector, or at least makes it difficult. During the existence of the connector, the elastic fastener is constantly under a pressure that continuously sustains the mating of the connector caused reversible deformation of the elastic fastener, whereby the force built upon mating of the connector force after mating the connector continuously prevents the improper disengagement of the connector or at least more difficult. Preferably, elastic fastening elements according to the invention therefore consist of Materials that do not lose their elasticity during the useful life of the sliding contact element even under the particular conditions of operation of the arrangement according to the invention, in particular under the heat and current load.

In diesem Zusammenhang ist unter einem elektrisch leitfähigen elastischen Befestigungselement ein elastisches Befestigungselement zu verstehen, dessen elektrische Leitfähigkeit zumindest so hoch ist, dass die Stromübertragung von einem Stromzuführungselement auf das an oder auf diesem angeordnete Schleifkontaktelement über die Steckverbindung in ausreichendem Maße gewährleistet ist, um die bestimmungsgemäße Funktion der erfindungsgemäßen Anordnung erfüllen zu können.In this context, an electrically conductive elastic fastening element is to be understood as meaning an elastic fastening element whose electrical conductivity is at least high enough to sufficiently ensure current transmission from a power supply element to the sliding contact element arranged on or above the plug connection in order to achieve the intended purpose To be able to fulfill the function of the arrangement according to the invention.

Erfindungsgemäß ist eine Anordnung mit einer Steckverbindung vorgesehen, die wenigstens eine zapfenförmige Struktur, vorzugsweise einen nach außen weisenden Kontaktstift, und wenigstens eine zu der zapfenförmigen Struktur passende hohle Struktur, vorzugsweise eine nach innen weisende Kontaktöffnung, aufweist, wobei das Schleifkontaktelement die zapfenförmige Struktur und das Stromzuführungselement die hohle Struktur aufweist oder das Schleifkontaktelement die hohle Struktur und das Stromzuführungselement die zapfenförmige Struktur aufweist. Dabei sind die zapfenförmige Struktur, die hohle Struktur und das wenigstens eine elastische und elektrisch leitfähige Befestigungselement derart ausgestaltet, dass das elastische und elektrisch leitfähige Befestigungselement beim Zusammenstecken der Steckverbindung zwischen zueinander passenden Wandungen der zapfenförmigen Struktur und der hohlen Struktur platziert werden kann.According to the invention, an arrangement with a plug connection is provided which has at least one peg-shaped structure, preferably an outwardly pointing contact pin, and at least one hollow structure matching the peg-shaped structure, preferably an inwardly-facing contact opening, the sliding contact element comprising the peg-shaped structure and the Power supply element having the hollow structure or the sliding contact element, the hollow structure and the power supply element has the peg-shaped structure. In this case, the peg-shaped structure, the hollow structure and the at least one elastic and electrically conductive fastening element are designed such that the elastic and electrically conductive fastening element can be placed when mating the connector between mating walls of the peg-shaped structure and the hollow structure.

In diesem Zusammenhang ist unter einer zapfenförmigen Struktur eine erhabene, aus der Oberfläche des Trägers dieser Struktur nach außen weisende Formgebung zu verstehen, die so ausgestaltet ist, dass diese zapfenförmige Struktur im Zusammenwirken mit einer zu ihr passenden hohlen Struktur zur Ausbildung einer Steckverbindung geeignet ist.In this context, a peg-shaped structure is to be understood as meaning a raised shape that points outward from the surface of the carrier of this structure and that is designed in such a way that it is peg-shaped Structure is suitable in conjunction with a matching hollow structure to form a connector.

In diesem Zusammenhang ist unter einer zu einer zapfenförmigen Struktur passenden hohlen Struktur eine in die Oberfläche des Trägers dieser Struktur nach innen weisende Formgebung, vorzugsweise eine Vertiefung, zu verstehen, die so ausgestaltet ist, dass diese hohle Struktur im Zusammenwirken mit einer zu ihr passenden zapfenförmigen Struktur zur Ausbildung einer Steckverbindung geeignet ist.In this context, a hollow structure fitting to a peg-shaped structure is to be understood as meaning a shape pointing inward into the surface of the support of this structure, preferably a depression, which is designed such that this hollow structure interacts with a peg-shaped one matching to it Structure is suitable for forming a plug connection.

Erfindungsgemäß ist eine Anordnung vorgesehen, bei der das wenigstens eine Befestigungselement die wenigstens eine zapfenförmige Struktur wenigstens teilweise ringförmig umschließt. Vorzugsweise weist das Befestigungselement die Form eines zylindrisch geformten Ringes auf, dessen Höhe und innerer Radius so bemessen sind, dass der Ring über wenigstens eine zapfenförmige Struktur geschoben werden kann und derart auf der zapfenförmigen Struktur platziert werden kann, dass der Ring vorzugsweise nicht über das äußere Ende der zapfenförmigen Struktur hinausragt und vorzugsweise fest auf der von dem Ring wenigstens teilweise belegten Wandung der zapfenförmigen Struktur sitzt, also vorzugsweise ohne Aufwendung einer Kraft nicht verschiebbar angeordnet ist.According to the invention, an arrangement is provided in which the at least one fastening element encloses the at least one peg-shaped structure at least partially annularly. Preferably, the fastener is in the form of a cylindrically-shaped ring whose height and inner radius are sized so that the ring can be slid over at least one peg-shaped structure and placed on the peg-shaped structure such that the ring is preferably not over the outer End of the peg-shaped structure protrudes and preferably firmly seated on the at least partially occupied by the ring wall of the peg-shaped structure, so preferably is not arranged displaceable without the application of a force.

Gemäß einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform der vorliegenden Erfindung, deren Merkmale auch mit Merkmalen anderer Ausführungsformen kombiniert werden können, ist eine Anordnung vorgesehen, bei der wenigstens ein Schleifkontaktelement eine Kohlebürste ist. Kohlebürsten, vorzugsweise auf Graphitbasis, sind bei zahlreichen Anwendungen bevorzugte Schleifkontaktelemente, unter anderem, weil sie bedeutend weicher sind als Metalle. Die mechanischen Eigenschaften des Graphits lassen diesen Werkstoff für eine Steckverbindung besonders geeignet erscheinen. Auch die elektrische Leitfähigkeit dieses Werkstoffes reicht für zahlreiche Anwendungen aus.According to a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the features of which can also be combined with features of other embodiments, an arrangement is provided in which at least one sliding contact element is a carbon brush. Carbon brushes, preferably graphite-based, are preferred sliding contact elements in many applications, among other reasons because they are significantly softer than metals. The mechanical properties of graphite make this material particularly suitable for a plug connection. The electrical conductivity of this material is also sufficient for numerous applications.

Gemäß einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform der vorliegenden Erfindung, deren Merkmale auch mit Merkmalen anderer Ausführungsformen kombiniert werden können, ist eine Anordnung vorgesehen, bei der wenigstens ein Befestigungselement wenigstens teilweise aus einem elastischen Kunststoff besteht.According to a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, whose features can also be combined with features of other embodiments, an arrangement is provided in which at least one fastening element consists at least partially of an elastic plastic.

In diesem Zusammenhang ist unter einem elastischen Kunststoff ein elastischer Festkörper zu verstehen, dessen Material wenigstens teilweise synthetisch oder halbsynthetisch vorzugsweise aus monomeren organischen Molekülen durch Polymerisation dieser Moleküle (sog. Polymer-Kunststoff oder einfach "Polymer") hergestellt wird. Elastische Polymere werden auch als Elastomere bezeichnet. Durch Druck oder Dehnung können Elastomere ihre Form elastisch verändern; nach Beendigung von Druck oder Dehnung nimmt das Elastomer schnell wieder seine ursprüngliche Form an (http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kunststoff#Elastomere). Zu den Elastomeren gehören insbesondere alle Arten von vernetztem Kautschuk. Die Vernetzung erfolgt vorzugsweise durch Vulkanisation mit Schwefel, mittels Peroxiden, Metalloxiden oder durch eine Bestrahlung.In this context, an elastic plastic is to be understood as meaning an elastic solid whose material is produced at least partially synthetically or semisynthetically preferably from monomeric organic molecules by polymerization of these molecules (so-called polymer plastic or simply "polymer"). Elastic polymers are also referred to as elastomers. By pressure or elongation elastomers can change their shape elastically; Upon completion of compression or stretching, the elastomer quickly regains its original shape (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plastic_Elastomere). The elastomers include in particular all types of crosslinked rubber. The crosslinking is preferably carried out by vulcanization with sulfur, by means of peroxides, metal oxides or by irradiation.

Die Elastomere sind überwiegend weitmaschig vernetzt und daher flexibel. Sie werden beim Erwärmen nicht weich und sind in den meisten Lösemitteln nicht löslich. Daher werden sie für beispielsweise für Hygieneartikel oder Chemikalienhandschuhe verwendet. Die Gummimischung von Autoreifen ist ebenfalls ein Elastomer, das seine Eigenschaften durch Vulkanisation erhält. Beispiele für Elastomere sind Naturkautschuk (NR), Acrylnitril-Butadien-Kautschuk (NBR), Styrol-Butadien-Kautschuk (SBR), Chloropren-Kautschuk (CR), Butadien-Kautschuk (BR) und Ethylen-Propylen-Dien-Kautschuk (EPDM).The elastomers are predominantly cross-linked and therefore flexible. They do not soften when heated and are insoluble in most solvents. Therefore, they are used for, for example, hygiene articles or chemical gloves. The rubber compound of car tires is also an elastomer which obtains its properties by vulcanization. Examples of elastomers are natural rubber (NR), acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber (NBR), styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR), chloroprene rubber (CR), butadiene rubber (BR) and ethylene-propylene-diene rubber (EPDM ).

Elastische Kunststoffe können elektrisch leitend sein oder durch Zusatzstoffe elektrisch leitend gemacht werden. Kunststoffe gelten im Allgemeinen als hervorragende Isolatoren. Das liegt daran, dass Polymeren die Grundvoraussetzung für elektrische Leitfähigkeit, quasi freie Elektronen, völlig fehlt. Durch Zugabe von Substanzen (Dotierung), die entweder der Kette Elektronen zuführen (Reduktion) oder durch Entfernung (Oxidation) freie Stellen für die Elektronenbewegung schaffen, ist es möglich elektrisch leitfähige Polymere zu erzeugen. So werden beispielsweise Polyacetylen und Poly(p-phenylen) elektrisch leitend, wenn man sie mit Brom, Iod oder Per-Chlorsäure dotiert. Weitere wichtige elektrisch leitende Polymere sind Polyanilin, dotiert mit Salzsäure und Polypyrrol aus anodischer Oxidation. Leitfähige Polymere, auch elektrisch selbstleitende Polymere genannt, sind Kunststoffe mit elektrischer Leitfähigkeit. Dies steht im Gegensatz zu normalen Polymeren, die den elektrischen Strom nicht leiten. Die Leitfähigkeit des Polymers wird durch konjugierte Doppelbindungen erreicht, die eine freie Beweglichkeit von Ladungsträgern ermöglichen. Dies steht im Gegensatz zu elektrisch leitenden Additiven wie beispielsweise Aluminiumflocken oder Ruß, bei welchen das Polymer selber den elektrischen Strom nicht leitet.Elastic plastics may be electrically conductive or made electrically conductive by additives. Plastics are generally considered excellent insulators. That's because polymers are the basic requirement for electrical conductivity, quasi-free electrons, completely missing. By adding substances (doping), which either supply electrons to the chain (reduction) or by means of removal (oxidation) create free sites for the movement of electrons, it is possible to produce electrically conductive polymers. For example, polyacetylene and poly (p-phenylene) become electrically conductive when doped with bromine, iodine or perchloric acid. Other important electrically conductive polymers are polyaniline doped with hydrochloric acid and polypyrrole from anodic oxidation. Conductive polymers, also called electrically self-conducting polymers, are plastics with electrical conductivity. This is in contrast to normal polymers that do not conduct electricity. The conductivity of the polymer is achieved by conjugated double bonds, which allow a free mobility of charge carriers. This is in contrast to electrically conductive additives such as aluminum flakes or carbon black, in which the polymer itself does not conduct the electrical current.

Die Struktur der selbstleitenden Polymere (http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leitfähige_Polymere) ist analog wie bei den herkömmlichen Kunststoffen hochgradig ungeordnet. Sie sind weder löslich noch unzersetzt schmelzbar. Oft weichen die Polymere auch von der idealen chemischen Zusammensetzung ab, da bei der Bildung unerwünschte Nebenreaktionen eintreten können. Die Struktur und damit auch die physikalischen Eigenschaften werden stark von den Synthesebedingungen beeinflusst. Abgesehen vom eingesetzten Monomer wirken sich unter anderem das Lösungsmittel, das Leitsalz und die Oxidationsbedingungen auf die chemische Zusammensetzung und die Morphologie des Polymers aus.The structure of the self-conducting polymers (http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leitfähige_Polymere) is analogous to the conventional plastics highly disordered. They are neither soluble nor decomposable melted. Often, the polymers also deviate from the ideal chemical composition, since in the formation of undesirable side reactions can occur. The structure and thus also the physical properties are strongly influenced by the synthesis conditions. Apart from the monomer used, among other things, the solvent, the conducting salt and the oxidation conditions affect the chemical composition and the morphology of the polymer.

Die elektrische Leitfähigkeit erfordert frei bewegliche Ladungsträger. Deshalb besitzen elektrisch selbstleitende Polymere ein ausgedehntes π-Elektronensystem in Form konjugierter Doppelbindungen. Als Ladungsträger dienen Defektelektronen. Eine Ausnahme bildet Polyacetylen, bei dem auch ein negativ aufgeladenes Polymergerüst erzeugt werden kann. Zur Ladungskompensation des oxidierten Polymergerüstes sind Anionen im Polymer eingelagert. Fließt ein elektrischer Strom müssen die Ladungsträger auch von einer Polymerkette auf eine benachbarte überwechseln, weil die konjugierten Ketten nur eine endliche Länge haben. Deshalb ergibt sich der Gesamtwiderstand aus der Summe der Widerstände in den Polymerketten und der Widerstände zwischen den Ketten. Den größeren Einfluss auf die elektrische Leitfähigkeit hat der höhere Widerstand zwischen den Ketten. Je kürzer die konjugierten Ketten, desto höher der Widerstand, weil die Ladungsträger öfter zwischen den Ketten übertragen werden müssen.The electrical conductivity requires freely movable charge carriers. Therefore, electrically self-conducting polymers have an extended π-electron system in the form of conjugated double bonds. The charge carriers are hole electrons. An exception is polyacetylene, in which a negatively charged polymer backbone can be produced. For charge compensation of the oxidized polymer skeleton, anions are incorporated in the polymer. If an electric current flows, the charge carriers must also transfer from one polymer chain to an adjacent one, because the conjugated chains have only a finite length. Therefore, the total resistance is the sum of the resistances in the polymer chains and the resistances between the chains. The greater influence on the electrical conductivity has the higher resistance between the chains. The shorter the conjugated chains, the higher the resistance because the charge carriers must be transferred more often between the chains.

Im Idealfall kann das Polymergerüst reversibel elektrochemisch oxidiert und reduziert werden. Dadurch kann die Leitfähigkeit vom isolierenden reduzierten Zustand bis zum oxidierten leitfähigen Zustand variiert werden. Durch die Oxidation werden Defektelektronen in die konjugierten Polymerketten injiziert. Anfangs steigt die Leitfähigkeit mit der Zahl der generierten Ladungsträger. Allerdings führt eine Überoxidation zur irreversiblen Zerstörung der Konjugation und damit zum Verlust der elektrischen Leitfähigkeit. Da sich durch die Oxidation die Polymerketten positiv aufladen, werden Anionen zur Ladungskompensation in die Polymerschicht eingelagert. Während der Reduktion werden sie wieder in die Elektrolytlösung zurückgedrängt. Andererseits ist auch die Einlagerung von Kationen zur Wahrung der Ladungsneutralität möglich, insbesondere wenn bei der Synthese sperrige Anionen verwendet wurden, die quasi im Polymer feststecken, beispielsweise Polystyrensulfonat. Bei elektrisch selbstleitenden Polymeren wird auch der Begriff "Dotierung" verwendet. So bezeichnet man die Oxidation als p-Dotierung. Allerdings ist dies nicht mit der klassischen Dotierung anorganischer Halbleiter vergleichbar. Dort werden Fremdatome in vergleichbar geringen Konzentrationen eingebracht. Die Oxidation des Polymergerüstes erzeugt die Ladungsträger hingegen auf direktem Weg und in deutlich höherer Konzentration. Bei dünnen Schichten ist die Farbe des leitfähigens Polymers vom Oxidationszustand abhängig.Ideally, the polymer backbone can be reversibly electrochemically oxidized and reduced. Thereby, the conductivity can be varied from the insulating reduced state to the oxidized conductive state. The oxidation injects holes into the conjugated polymer chains. Initially, the conductivity increases with the number of charge carriers generated. However, overoxidation leads to the irreversible destruction of the conjugation and thus to the loss of electrical conductivity. Since the polymer chains charge positively as a result of the oxidation, anions are incorporated into the polymer layer for charge compensation. During the reduction, they are forced back into the electrolyte solution. On the other hand, the incorporation of cations to maintain the charge neutrality is possible, especially if in the synthesis bulky anions were used, which are stuck in the polymer, for example, polystyrene sulfonate. In the case of electrically self-conducting polymers, the term "doping" is also used. This is what the oxidation is called p-doping. However, this is not comparable to the classical doping of inorganic semiconductors. There, foreign atoms are introduced in comparably low concentrations. The oxidation of the polymer backbone, however, generates the charge carriers in a direct way and in a much higher concentration. For thin layers, the color of the conductive polymer depends on the oxidation state.

Die Präparation elektrisch selbstleitender Polymere kann chemisch, elektrochemisch, photoelektrochemisch oder mit der CVD-Technik (chemical vapour deposition) ausgeführt werden. Abgesehen von verschiedenen Ausgangsverbindungen, die zur Verfügung stehen, kann durch deren Derivatisierung oder durch die Bildung von Copolymeren ein breites Spektrum von chemischen und physikalischen Eigenschaften erzielt werden. Sehr einfach ist die elektrochemische Abscheidung dünner Schichten durch die Oxidation des monomeren Ausgangsstoffes. Das selbstleitende Polymer entsteht im oxidierten, leitfähigen Zustand. Die positiven Ladungen des Polymergerüstes werden durch die Einlagerung von Anionen des Leitsalzes kompensiert. Wichtige Beispiele elektrisch selbstleitender Polymere sind Polyacetylen, Polyanilin, Polyparaphenylen, Polypyrrol und Polythiophen.The preparation of electrically self-conducting polymers can be carried out chemically, electrochemically, photoelectrochemically or by CVD (chemical vapor deposition). Apart from different starting compounds that are available, their derivatization or the formation of copolymers allows a broad spectrum of chemical and physical properties to be achieved. Very simple is the electrochemical deposition of thin layers by the oxidation of the monomeric starting material. The self-conducting polymer is produced in the oxidized, conductive state. The positive charges of the polymer backbone are compensated by the incorporation of anions of the conductive salt. Important examples of electrically self-conducting polymers are polyacetylene, polyaniline, polyparaphenylene, polypyrrole and polythiophene.

Gemäß einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform der vorliegenden Erfindung, deren Merkmale auch mit Merkmalen anderer Ausführungsformen kombiniert werden können, ist eine erfindungsgemäße Anordnung als Bestandteil einer Stromzuführung auf wenigstens einen rotierenden Leiter vorgesehen. Beispiele für solche rotierenden Leiter sind Kommutatoren, Schleifringe und ähnliche oder andere rotierende elektrisch leitende Konstruktionselemente elektrischer Maschinen oder Geräte.According to a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the features of which can also be combined with features of other embodiments, an arrangement according to the invention is provided as part of a power supply to at least one rotating conductor. Examples of such rotating conductors are commutators, slip rings and the like or other rotating electrically conductive construction elements of electrical machinery or equipment.

Gemäß einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform der vorliegenden Erfindung, deren Merkmale auch mit Merkmalen anderer Ausführungsformen kombiniert werden können, ist eine erfindungsgemäße Anordnung als Bestandteil einer Stromzuführung auf wenigstens einen längs seiner Achse bewegten Draht vorgesehen. Wichtige Beispiele solcher Anwendungen sind konduktive DrahtDurchlaufglühen, Potentiometer und Stromabnehmer.According to a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the features of which can also be combined with features of other embodiments, an arrangement according to the invention is provided as part of a power supply to at least one wire moved along its axis. Important examples of such applications are conductive wire continuous annealing, potentiometers and current collectors.

Gemäß einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform der vorliegenden Erfindung, deren Merkmale auch mit Merkmalen anderer Ausführungsformen kombiniert werden können, ist eine erfindungsgemäße Anordnung als Bestandteil einer Vorrichtung zur kontinuierlichen Wärmebehandlung von metallischem Stranggut vorgesehen.According to a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, whose features can also be combined with features of other embodiments, an arrangement according to the invention is part of a Provided device for continuous heat treatment of metallic extrudate.

Erfindungsgemäß ist auch ein Verfahren zur Stromzufuhr auf einen beweglichen Leiter mit Hilfe eines Schleifkontaktelements vorgesehen, das auf oder an einem Stromzuführungselement mittels einer durch Abziehen lösbaren Steckverbindung angeordnet ist, die wenigstens ein elastisches und elektrisch leitfähiges Befestigungselement, wenigstens eine zapfenförmige Struktur und wenigstens eine zu der zapfenförmigen Struktur passende hohle Struktur aufweist. Dabei weist das Schleifkontaktelement die zapfenförmige Struktur und das Stromzuführungselement die hohle Struktur auf, oder das Schleifkontaktelement weist die hohle Struktur und das Stromzuführungselement die zapfenförmige Struktur auf. Ferner sind die zapfenförmige Struktur, die hohle Struktur und das wenigstens eine elastische und elektrisch leitfähige Befestigungselement derart ausgestaltet, dass das elastische und elektrisch leitfähige Befestigungselement beim Zusammenstecken der Steckverbindung zwischen zueinander passenden Wandungen der zapfenförmigen Struktur und der hohlen Struktur platziert werden kann. Außerdem umschließt das wenigstens eine elastische und elektrisch leitfähige Befestigungselement die wenigstens eine zapfenförmige Struktur wenigstens teilweise ringförmig.According to the invention, a method for supplying power to a movable conductor by means of a sliding contact element is provided, which is arranged on or on a power supply element by means of a removable by peelable connector having at least one elastic and electrically conductive fastener, at least one peg-shaped structure and at least one of the peg-shaped structure has matching hollow structure. In this case, the sliding contact element, the peg-shaped structure and the power supply element, the hollow structure, or the sliding contact element, the hollow structure and the power supply element, the peg-shaped structure. Further, the peg-shaped structure, the hollow structure and the at least one elastic and electrically conductive fastening element are configured such that the elastic and electrically conductive fastening element can be placed when mating the connector between mating walls of the peg-shaped structure and the hollow structure. In addition, the at least one elastic and electrically conductive fastening element encloses the at least one peg-shaped structure at least partially annularly.

Gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der vorliegenden Erfindung, deren Merkmale auch mit Merkmalen anderer Ausführungsformen kombiniert werden können, ist auch ein Verfahren mit einem als Kohlebürste ausgestalteten Schleifkontakt vorgesehen.According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the features of which can also be combined with features of other embodiments, a method is also provided with a sliding contact configured as a carbon brush.

Erfindungsgemäß ist ferner eine Vorrichtung zur kontinuierlichen Wärmebehandlung von metallischem Stranggut mit wenigstens einer Erwärmungsstrecke vorgesehen, in der das metallische Stranggut über zwei Kontaktrollen geführt wird, wobei die erste Kontaktrolle an einem ersten Ende und die zweite Kontaktrolle an einem zweiten Ende dieser wenigstens einen Erwärmungsstrecke angeordnet ist, und wobei die erste und die zweite Kontaktrolle derart mit einer Spannungsquelle verbunden sind, dass durch das metallische Stranggut zwischen der ersten und der zweiten Kontaktrolle ein Strom fließt, wobei wenigstens eine der Kontaktrollen über wenigstens ein Schleifkontaktelement elektrisch kontaktiert wird, welches in elektrischem Kontakt mit einer konzentrisch zur Achse dieser Kontaktrolle angeordneten Schleifringscheibe steht. Hierbei ist das wenigstens eine Schleifkontaktelement auf oder an einem Stromzuführungselement mittels einer durch Abziehen lösbaren Steckverbindung angeordnet, und die Steckverbindung weist wenigstens ein elastisches und elektrisch leitfähiges Befestigungselement auf. Ferner weist die Steckverbindung wenigstens eine zapfenförmige Struktur und wenigstens eine zu der zapfenförmigen Struktur passende hohle Struktur auf. Dabei weist das Schleifkontaktelement die zapfenförmige Struktur und das Stromzuführungselement die hohle Struktur auf, oder das Schleifkontaktelement weist die hohle Struktur und das Stromzuführungselement die zapfenförmige Struktur auf. Ferner sind die zapfenförmige Struktur, die hohle Struktur und das wenigstens eine elastische und elektrisch leitfähige Befestigungselement derart ausgestaltet, dass das elastische und elektrisch leitfähige Befestigungselement beim Zusammenstecken der Steckverbindung zwischen zueinander passenden Wandungen der zapfenförmigen Struktur und der hohlen Struktur platziert werden kann. Außerdem umschließt das wenigstens eine elastische und elektrisch leitfähige Befestigungselement die wenigstens eine zapfenförmige Struktur wenigstens teilweise ringförmig.The invention further provides an apparatus for the continuous heat treatment of metallic extrudates with at least one heating section, in which the metallic extrudate is guided over two contact rollers, wherein the first contact roller arranged at a first end and the second contact roller at a second end of at least one heating section and wherein the first and second contact rollers are connected to a voltage source such that a current flows through the metallic strand between the first and second contact rollers, wherein at least one of the contact rollers is electrically contacted via at least one sliding contact element which is in electrical contact is arranged with a slip ring disc concentric with the axis of this contact roller. In this case, the at least one sliding contact element is arranged on or at a power supply element by means of a detachable by peeling plug connection, and the plug connection has at least one elastic and electrically conductive fastening element. Furthermore, the plug connection has at least one peg-shaped structure and at least one hollow structure matching the peg-shaped structure. In this case, the sliding contact element, the peg-shaped structure and the power supply element, the hollow structure, or the sliding contact element, the hollow structure and the power supply element, the peg-shaped structure. Further, the peg-shaped structure, the hollow structure and the at least one elastic and electrically conductive fastening element are configured such that the elastic and electrically conductive fastening element can be placed when mating the connector between mating walls of the peg-shaped structure and the hollow structure. In addition, the at least one elastic and electrically conductive fastening element encloses the at least one peg-shaped structure at least partially annularly.

Gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der vorliegenden Erfindung, deren Merkmale auch mit Merkmalen anderer Ausführungsformen kombiniert werden können, ist eine Vorrichtung mit wenigstens einem Schleifkontaktelement vorgesehen, das auf oder an einem Stromzuführungselement angeordnet ist, das fest mit dem Gehäuse der Glühvorrichtung verbunden und gegenüber diesem Gehäuse elektrisch isoliert ist.According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the features of which can also be combined with features of other embodiments, a device is provided with at least one sliding contact element, which is arranged on or on a power supply element fixedly connected to the housing of the glow device and electrically relative to this housing is isolated.

Gemäß einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform der vorliegenden Erfindung, deren Merkmale auch mit Merkmalen anderer Ausführungsformen kombiniert werden können, ist außerdem eine Vorrichtung mit wenigstens einem Schleifkontaktelement vorgesehen, an dessen von dem Schleifring abgewandten Ende ein Kolben einer Kolben-Zylinder-Einrichtung angreift.According to a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the features of which can also be combined with features of other embodiments, a device with at least one sliding contact element is also provided, at the end facing away from the slip ring, a piston of a piston-cylinder device engages.

Gemäß einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform der vorliegenden Erfindung, deren Merkmale auch mit Merkmalen anderer Ausführungsformen kombiniert werden können, ist außerdem eine Vorrichtung vorgesehen, bei der die Kolben-Zylinder-Einrichtung mittels eines Halters am Gehäuse der Vorrichtung von diesem elektrisch isoliert angeordnet ist.According to another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the features of which can also be combined with features of other embodiments, a device is also provided in which the piston-cylinder device is arranged by means of a holder on the housing of the device of this electrically isolated.

Gemäß einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform der vorliegenden Erfindung, deren Merkmale auch mit Merkmalen anderer Ausführungsformen kombiniert werden können, ist außerdem eine Vorrichtung vorgesehen, bei der wenigstens ein Schleifkontaktelement eine Kohlebürste ist.According to a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the features of which can also be combined with features of other embodiments, a device is additionally provided in which at least one sliding contact element is a carbon brush.

Im Folgenden wird die Erfindung anhand bevorzugter Ausführungsbeispiele und mit Hilfe von Figuren näher beschrieben.The invention will be described in more detail below on the basis of preferred exemplary embodiments and with the aid of figures.

Dabei zeigt

  • Fig. 1a in schematischer Weise ein erstes Ausführungsbeispiel der erfindungsgemäßen Anordnung;
  • Fig. 1b in schematischer Weise ein zweites Ausführungsbeispiel der erfindungsgemäßen Anordnung;
  • Fig. 2a in schematischer Weise ein drittes Ausführungsbeispiel der erfindungsgemäßen Anordnung;
  • Fig. 2b in schematischer Weise ein viertes Ausführungsbeispiel der erfindungsgemäßen Anordnung;
  • Fig. 3 in schematischer Weise eine erste Teilansicht eines Ausführungsbeispiels der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung;
  • Fig. 4 in schematischer Weise eine zweite Teilansicht eines Ausführungsbeispiels der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung.
It shows
  • Fig. 1a schematically, a first embodiment of the inventive arrangement;
  • Fig. 1b schematically, a second embodiment of the arrangement according to the invention;
  • Fig. 2a schematically, a third embodiment of the inventive arrangement;
  • Fig. 2b schematically a fourth embodiment of the inventive arrangement;
  • Fig. 3 schematically a first partial view of an embodiment of the device according to the invention;
  • Fig. 4 schematically a second partial view of an embodiment of the device according to the invention.

Die Figur 1a zeigt in schematischer Weise ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung, bei dem das Schleifkontaktelement 1 eine zapfenförmige Struktur 5 aufweist, welche in eine in dem Stromzuführungselement 2 vorhandene hohle Struktur 6 passt. Sämtliche hier gezeigte Figuren sind nicht maßstabsgetreu. Insbesondere sind die Luftspalte 3 und 4 vorzugsweise wesentlich kleiner als in den Figuren dargestellt. Ein elastisches und elektrisch leitfähiges Befestigungselement 7, welches in dem in der Figur 1a gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiel die zapfenförmige Struktur 5 des Schleifkontaktelements 1 ringförmig umschließt, ist derart ausgestaltet, dass dieses Befestigungselement beim Zusammenstecken der Steckverbindung zwischen dem zueinander passenden Wandungen 8 und 9 der zapfenförmigen Struktur und der hohlen Struktur platziert wird.The FIG. 1a 1 schematically shows an embodiment of the invention in which the sliding contact element 1 has a peg-shaped structure 5 which fits into a hollow structure 6 present in the power supply element 2. All figures shown here are not to scale. In particular, the air gaps 3 and 4 are preferably substantially smaller than shown in the figures. An elastic and electrically conductive fastening element 7, which in the in the FIG. 1a In the embodiment shown, the peg-shaped structure 5 of the sliding contact element 1 surrounds in an annular manner, is designed in such a way that this fastening element is placed between mating walls 8 and 9 of the peg-shaped structure and the hollow structure during mating of the plug connection.

Das in der Figur 1b gezeigte Ausführungsbeispiel unterscheidet sich von dem in der Figur 1a gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiel dadurch, dass der Luftspalt 4 nicht wie bei dem in der Figur 1a gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiel durch parallele Flächen begrenzt wird, sondern dass die hohle Struktur 6 des in Figur 1b gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiels nach unten hin konisch zuläuft, wodurch ein im Vergleich zur Figur 1a größeres, nicht im Wesentlichen verschwindendes Restvolumen des Luftspaltes 4 entsteht.That in the FIG. 1b embodiment shown differs from that in the FIG. 1a shown embodiment in that the air gap 4 not as in the in the FIG. 1a shown embodiment is limited by parallel surfaces, but that the hollow structure 6 of the in FIG. 1b shown conically tapered down, creating a comparison with FIG. 1a larger, not substantially disappearing residual volume of the air gap 4 is formed.

Die Figuren 2a und 2b zeigen weitere Ausführungsbeispiele der erfindungsgemäßen Anordnung, bei denen die zapfenförmige Struktur 5 nicht wie bei den Ausführungsbeispielen der Figuren 1a und 1b an dem Schleifkontaktelement 1, sondern an dem Stromzuführungselement 2 angebracht sind. Dementsprechend sind die hohlen Strukturen 6, die zu der zapfenförmigen Struktur 5 passen, in dem Schleifkontaktelement 1 angebracht.The FIGS. 2a and 2b show further embodiments of the arrangement according to the invention, in which the peg-shaped structure 5 not as in the Embodiments of FIGS. 1a and 1b are attached to the sliding contact element 1, but to the power supply element 2. Accordingly, the hollow structures 6 that match the peg-shaped structure 5 are mounted in the sliding contact member 1.

Weitere Ausführungsbeispiele ergeben sich, wenn statt einer zapfenförmigen Struktur eine Mehrzahl von zapfenförmigen Strukturen vorgesehen wird. Die Stabilität der Steckverbindung (SF) kann weiter erhöht werden, wenn die Wandungen 8 und 9 der zapfenförmigen Struktur bzw. der hohlen Struktur mit Rillenprofilen oder anderen, die Reibung zwischen dem elastischen Befestigungselement und den Wandungen erhöhenden Profilstrukturen versehen werden.Further exemplary embodiments result if, instead of a peg-shaped structure, a plurality of peg-shaped structures is provided. The stability of the connector (SF) can be further increased if the walls 8 and 9 of the peg-shaped structure or the hollow structure with groove profiles or other, the friction between the elastic fastener and the walls increasing profile structures are provided.

Die Figur 3 zeigt in schematischer Weise ein Ausführungsbeispiel einer erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung in Teilansicht, bei dem ein Draht über zwei Kontaktrollen K1, K2 läuft, zwischen denen der Draht eine Erwärmungsstrecke (ES) durchläuft.The FIG. 3 schematically shows an embodiment of a device according to the invention in partial view, in which a wire over two contact rollers K1, K2 runs, between which the wire passes through a heating distance (ES).

Die Figur 4 zeigt in schematischer Weise eine weitere Teilansicht einer erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung, insbesondere einer Drahtglühe. Der Draht (D) läuft über eine Kontaktrolle K1, mit der konzentrisch ein Schleifring S1 angeordnet ist. Das Schleifkontaktelement 1 ist mit Hilfe einer Steckverbindung (SV) auf dem Stromzuführungselement 2 angebracht, wobei in dieser Figur das elastische und elektrisch leitfähige Befestigungselement nicht gezeigt ist. Das Stromzuführungselement 2 wird von einer Kolbenzylindereinrichtung (KZE) gehalten und geführt.The FIG. 4 shows in a schematic way a further partial view of a device according to the invention, in particular a wire annealing. The wire (D) passes over a contact roller K1, with which a slip ring S1 is arranged concentrically. The sliding contact element 1 is mounted by means of a plug connection (SV) on the power supply element 2, wherein in this figure, the elastic and electrically conductive fastening element is not shown. The power supply element 2 is held and guided by a piston-cylinder device (KZE).

Claims (13)

  1. An arrangement of at least one sliding contact element (1) on or at a current supply element (2) by means of a plug connection, which can be detached by being pulled off and which comprises at least one elastic and electrically conductive fastening element (7), characterised in that the plug connection comprises at least one pin-shaped structure (5) and at least one hollow structure (4) fitting the pin-shaped structure, wherein the sliding contact element (1) comprises the pin-shaped structure and the current supply element (2) comprises the hollow structure (4) or the sliding contact element (1) comprises the hollow structure (4) and the current supply element (2) comprises the pin-shaped structure, wherein the pin-shaped structure, the hollow structure and the at least one elastic and electrically conductive fastening element (7) are designed in such a manner that the elastic and electrically conductive fastening element can be placed between mutually fitting walls (8, 9) of the pin-shaped structure and the hollow structure during the plugging together of the plug connection, and that the at least one elastic and electrically conductive fastening element (7) annularly surrounds the at least one pin-shaped structure at least to some extent.
  2. The arrangement according to claim 1, in which at least one sliding contact element is a carbon brush.
  3. The arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, in which at least one fastening element consists of an elastic plastic at least to some extent.
  4. The arrangement according to one of the preceding claims as a constituent of a current supply to at least one rotating conductor.
  5. The arrangement according to one of the preceding claims as a constituent of a current supply to at least one wire moved along its axis.
  6. The arrangement according to one of the preceding claims as a constituent of a device for the continuous heat treatment of metallic elongate material.
  7. A method for current supply to a movable conductor with the aid of a sliding contact element which is arranged on or at a current supply element by means of a plug connection, which can be detached by being pulled off and which comprises at least one elastic and electrically conductive fastening element, at least one pin-shaped structure (5) and at least one hollow structure (4) fitting the pin-shaped structure, wherein the sliding contact element (1) comprises the pin-shaped structure and the current supply element (2) comprises the hollow structure (4) or the sliding contact element (1) comprises the hollow structure (4) and the current supply element (2) comprises the pin-shaped structure, wherein the pin-shaped structure, the hollow structure and the at least one elastic and electrically conductive fastening element (7) are designed in such a manner that the elastic and electrically conductive fastening element can be placed between mutually fitting walls (8, 9) of the pin-shaped structure and the hollow structure during the plugging together of the plug connection, and wherein the at least one elastic and electrically conductive fastening element (7) annularly surrounds the at least one pin-shaped structure at least to some extent.
  8. The method according to claim 7 with a sliding contact designed as a carbon brush.
  9. A device for the continuous heat treatment of metallic elongate material with at least one heating section, in which the metallic elongate material is guided over two contact rollers, wherein the first contact roller (K1) is arranged at a first end and the second contact roller (K2) is arranged at a second end of this at least one heating section, and wherein the first and the second contact rollers are connected to a voltage source in such a manner that a current flows through the metallic elongate material between the first and the second contact rollers, wherein at least one of the contact rollers is electrically contacted via at least one sliding contact element (1) which is in electrical contact with a slip ring disc (S1) arranged concentrically to the axis of this contact roller,
    characterised in that
    the at least one sliding contact element (1) is arranged on or at a current supply element (2) by means of a plug connection (SV), which can be detached by being pulled off and which comprises at least one elastic and electrically conductive fastening element (7),
    wherein the plug connection comprises at least one pin-shaped structure (5) and at least one hollow structure (4) fitting the pin-shaped structure, wherein the sliding contact element (1) comprises the pin-shaped structure and the current supply element (2) comprises the hollow structure (4) or the sliding contact element (1) comprises the hollow structure (4) and the current supply element (2) comprises the pin-shaped structure, wherein the pin-shaped structure, the hollow structure and the at least one elastic and electrically conductive fastening element (7) are designed in such a manner that the elastic and electrically conductive fastening element can be placed between mutually fitting walls (8, 9) of the pin-shaped structure and the hollow structure during the plugging together of the plug connection, and wherein the at least one elastic and electrically conductive fastening element (7) annularly surrounds the at least one pin-shaped structure at least to some extent.
  10. The device according to claim 9 with at least one sliding contact element (1), which is arranged on or at a current supply element (2) which is firmly connected to the housing of the annealing device and is electrically insulated with respect to this housing.
  11. The device according to one of claims 9 or 10 with at least one sliding contact element, on the end of which facing away from the slip ring a piston of a piston/cylinder apparatus (KZE) acts.
  12. The device according to claim 11, in which the piston/cylinder apparatus is arranged by means of a holder on the housing of the device in a manner electrically insulated from this housing.
  13. The device according to one of claims 9 to 12, in which at least one sliding contact element is a carbon brush.
EP12700617.9A 2011-03-14 2012-01-18 Apparatus for the continuous thermal treatment of electrically conductive continually cast material and arrangement of a sliding contact element Not-in-force EP2686457B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL12700617T PL2686457T3 (en) 2011-03-14 2012-01-18 Apparatus for the continuous thermal treatment of electrically conductive continually cast material and arrangement of a sliding contact element

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102011013827A DE102011013827A1 (en) 2011-03-14 2011-03-14 Apparatus for continuous heat treatment of electrically conductive extrudate and arrangement of a sliding contact element
PCT/EP2012/000220 WO2012123048A1 (en) 2011-03-14 2012-01-18 Apparatus for the continuous thermal treatment of electrically conductive continually cast material and arrangement of a sliding contact element

Publications (2)

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EP2686457A1 EP2686457A1 (en) 2014-01-22
EP2686457B1 true EP2686457B1 (en) 2018-05-30

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US (1) US9528165B2 (en)
EP (1) EP2686457B1 (en)
JP (1) JP6049021B2 (en)
CN (1) CN103502482B (en)
BR (1) BR112013022960A8 (en)
DE (1) DE102011013827A1 (en)
HU (1) HUE038973T2 (en)
MX (1) MX355618B (en)
PL (1) PL2686457T3 (en)
RU (1) RU2591930C2 (en)
WO (1) WO2012123048A1 (en)

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DE102011077358B3 (en) * 2011-06-10 2012-12-06 Schleifring Und Apparatebau Gmbh Vibration-insensitive brush block for slip rings
DE102012204830A1 (en) * 2012-03-26 2013-09-26 Schleifring Und Apparatebau Gmbh Brush block for a slip ring assembly
CN108400667A (en) * 2016-05-21 2018-08-14 金福珍 Alternating current generator and its working method
CN109462107A (en) * 2018-11-19 2019-03-12 上海发那科机器人有限公司 A kind of conductive brush device and application method with feedback of constant pressure
CN111816367A (en) * 2019-04-12 2020-10-23 斯帕有限公司 Thermal distribution management device for wire processing

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BR112013022960A8 (en) 2018-04-03
JP2014514440A (en) 2014-06-19
US9528165B2 (en) 2016-12-27
WO2012123048A1 (en) 2012-09-20
JP6049021B2 (en) 2016-12-21
RU2013145708A (en) 2015-04-20
CN103502482B (en) 2015-07-15
MX355618B (en) 2018-04-25
MX2013010402A (en) 2013-10-01
EP2686457A1 (en) 2014-01-22
DE102011013827A1 (en) 2012-09-20
RU2591930C2 (en) 2016-07-20
CN103502482A (en) 2014-01-08
US20140084523A1 (en) 2014-03-27
HUE038973T2 (en) 2018-12-28
BR112013022960A2 (en) 2016-12-06
PL2686457T3 (en) 2018-10-31

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