EP2682666B1 - Flüssiggas-regasifizierungsvorrichtung und verfahren zur herstellung des regasifizierten gases - Google Patents

Flüssiggas-regasifizierungsvorrichtung und verfahren zur herstellung des regasifizierten gases Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2682666B1
EP2682666B1 EP12752343.9A EP12752343A EP2682666B1 EP 2682666 B1 EP2682666 B1 EP 2682666B1 EP 12752343 A EP12752343 A EP 12752343A EP 2682666 B1 EP2682666 B1 EP 2682666B1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
heat exchanger
preheating
flow
liquefied gas
preheated
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EP12752343.9A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP2682666A1 (de
EP2682666A4 (de
Inventor
Masaru Oka
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Mitsubishi Shipbuilding Co Ltd
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Mitsubishi Shipbuilding Co Ltd
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C7/00—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases from pressure vessels, not covered by another subclass
    • F17C7/02—Discharging liquefied gases
    • F17C7/04—Discharging liquefied gases with change of state, e.g. vaporisation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/05—Size
    • F17C2201/052—Size large (>1000 m3)
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/03—Mixtures
    • F17C2221/032—Hydrocarbons
    • F17C2221/033—Methane, e.g. natural gas, CNG, LNG, GNL, GNC, PLNG
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2223/0146—Two-phase
    • F17C2223/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
    • F17C2223/0161—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL cryogenic, e.g. LNG, GNL, PLNG
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/03—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
    • F17C2223/033—Small pressure, e.g. for liquefied gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2225/00—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2225/01—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2225/0107—Single phase
    • F17C2225/0123—Single phase gaseous, e.g. CNG, GNC
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2225/00—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2225/03—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
    • F17C2225/035—High pressure, i.e. between 10 and 80 bars
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2225/00—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2225/03—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
    • F17C2225/036—Very high pressure, i.e. above 80 bars
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/01—Propulsion of the fluid
    • F17C2227/0128—Propulsion of the fluid with pumps or compressors
    • F17C2227/0135—Pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/0302—Heat exchange with the fluid by heating
    • F17C2227/0309—Heat exchange with the fluid by heating using another fluid
    • F17C2227/0316—Water heating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/0302—Heat exchange with the fluid by heating
    • F17C2227/0309—Heat exchange with the fluid by heating using another fluid
    • F17C2227/0316—Water heating
    • F17C2227/0318—Water heating using seawater
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/0367—Localisation of heat exchange
    • F17C2227/0388—Localisation of heat exchange separate
    • F17C2227/0393—Localisation of heat exchange separate using a vaporiser
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2265/00—Effects achieved by gas storage or gas handling
    • F17C2265/03—Treating the boil-off
    • F17C2265/032—Treating the boil-off by recovery
    • F17C2265/033—Treating the boil-off by recovery with cooling
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2265/00—Effects achieved by gas storage or gas handling
    • F17C2265/05—Regasification
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2270/00—Applications
    • F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
    • F17C2270/0102—Applications for fluid transport or storage on or in the water
    • F17C2270/0105—Ships

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a regasification plant which regasifies liquefied gas such as LNG, and a regasification method.
  • Regasification plants are used to regasify LNG (liquefied natural gas) stored in a storage tank so as to supply the LNG to a demand destination.
  • a regasification plant with an open-rack-type vaporizer (ORV) system is often used as the regasification plants (e.g., see JP H9-14586 A ).
  • ORV open-rack-type vaporizer
  • seawater which is used as a heat source, is sprayed on the outer surfaces of a plurality of heat transfer tubes arranged in a panel-like manner in the atmosphere, and LNG inside the heat transfer tubes is thereby gasified.
  • the ORV system disadvantageously requires much seawater, and needs to ensure a heat transfer area where seawater flows, thereby making it difficult to reduce the size of the regasification plant.
  • it is difficult to install the ORV system in an offshore floating body such as an FSRU (floating storage and regasification unit) and an FPSO (floating production, storage and offloading), or a marine vessel
  • ⁇ PTL 1 ⁇ DE 10 2008 013 084 A1 forming the preamble portion of claim 1 discloses, for the purpose of preventing direct contact between outside air and a liquid phase of the liquified gas in order to avoid freezing, to supply at least partially liquified gas from a preheated flow of a preheating heat exchanger to a separate heat exchanger in which the gas is heated by contact with external air.
  • the heated liquified gas is returned into the shell of the preheating heat exchanger in order to serve as the medium for heating the liquified gas guided through the preheated flow.
  • the gas used to degasify the gas is extracted from the shell of the preheating heat exchanger and is guided through a further separate heat exchanger.
  • JP 2006-194440 A discloses a compressor-evaporator system for liquefied gas contained in a tank and aims at decreasing the power consumption of a regasified LNG terminal.
  • JP 9-060799 A and JP 9-183989 A respectively disclose methods and devices for liquefying boil-off gas from an LNG storage tank and for returning the re-liquefied boil-off gas to a tank.
  • a regasification plant with an STV (shell-and-tube-type vaporizer) system in which a shell-and-tube-type heat exchanger 100 as shown in Fig. 3 is used is installed in a floating body or a marine vessel as a regasification plant having a smaller size than that with the ORV system.
  • STV shell-and-tube-type vaporizer
  • the shell-and-tube-type heat exchanger 100 includes an upstream header 103 into which LNG flows, a plurality of heat transfer tubes 107 connected to the upstream header 103 in parallel with each other, and a downstream header 105 into which the LNG passing through the heat transfer tubes 107 flows as shown in the drawing.
  • Each of the heat transfer tubes 107 penetrates through a water chamber 109 defined by a cylindrical body (shell).
  • the water chamber 109 is divided into an upstream-side water chamber 109a and a downstream-side water chamber 109b at a substantially longitudinal center portion.
  • Seawater (S.W.) is guided into the upstream-side water chamber 109a from the most upstream side (the left side in the drawing) of an LNG flow.
  • the seawater is discharged from the downstream side of the upstream-side water chamber 109a (see a dashed line in the drawing). That is, in the upstream-side water chamber 109a, the seawater forms a parallel flow with respect to the LNG flow.
  • seawater is guided into the downstream-side water chamber 109b from the most downstream side (the right side in the drawing) of the LNG flow.
  • the seawater is discharged from the upstream side of the downstream-side water chamber 109b (see a dashed line in the drawing).
  • the seawater forms a counter flow with respect to the LNG flow.
  • the seawater having a high temperature is used in a parallel flow on the most upstream side where the temperature of the LNG is lowest, thereby avoiding freezing on the outer surfaces of the heat transfer tubes.
  • the seawater is used in a counter flow on the most downstream side of the LNG flow, thereby ensuring an LNG removal temperature.
  • the shell-and-tube-type heat exchanger 100 in the above form has a more complicated structure than a shell-and-tube-type heat exchanger 100' in which only one water chamber is provided as shown in Fig. 4 .
  • the shell-and-tube-type heat exchanger 100 is disadvantageously high in cost and difficult to design.
  • a method of preheating LNG in advance by another means may be used.
  • an IFV (intermediate-fluid-type vaporizer) system has been proposed.
  • the method called IFV system includes a preheating step of indirectly preheating LNG using a primary heating source such as seawater via a non-freezing heat medium such as propane, in the upstream side of the shell-and-tube-type heat exchanger.
  • a primary heating source such as seawater
  • a non-freezing heat medium such as propane
  • the inexpensive shell-and-tube-type heat exchanger in which only one water chamber is provided can be thereby employed.
  • the cost of the preheating step is high, handling and maintenance are troublesome because the non-freezing liquid such as propane is used, and an apparatus configuration also becomes complicated.
  • the present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and an object thereof is to provide a liquefied gas regasification plant which can regasify liquefied gas by a heat exchanger with a simple configuration by preheating the liquefied gas with a simple configuration, and a regasification method.
  • a liquefied gas regasification plant according to the present invention has the features of claim 1
  • a regasification method according to the present invention has the features of claim 5.
  • a liquefied gas regasification plant includes a preheating heat exchanger that preheats liquefied gas flowing through a preheated flow by a preheating fluid flowing through a preheating flow, and a first heat exchanger that regasifies the liquefied gas preheated in the preheating heat exchanger by seawater or fresh water, the gas regasified in the first heat exchanger being guided to the preheating flow, the liquefied gas regasification plant further including a second heat exchanger that regasifies the liquefied gas condensed through the preheating flow by seawater or fresh water.
  • the gas regasified in the first heat exchanger is guided to the preheating flow so as to preheat the liquefied gas.
  • the liquefied gas is preheated by using the own heat of the regasified gas, and the preheating is performed using the single fluid flowing through the continuous path.
  • another heat medium such as propane in a preheating step.
  • the preheating step can be achieved with a simple configuration.
  • the liquefied gas preheated in the preheating heat exchanger is also guided to the first heat exchanger.
  • the temperature of the liquefied gas flowing into the first heat exchanger is thereby increased.
  • a heat medium such as seawater or fresh water freezes around a heat transfer tube, or heat exchange performance is deteriorated due to ice generated on a heat exchange surface.
  • a shell-and-tube-type heat exchanger having a simple structure in which only one water chamber is provided can be employed.
  • the liquefied gas condensed through the preheating flow of the preheating heat exchanger is also guided to the second heat exchanger.
  • the temperature of the liquefied gas passing through the preheating flow is reduced by giving heat to the liquefied gas flowing through the preheated flow while flowing through the preheating flow.
  • the gasification gas having a higher temperature than the liquefied gas flowing through the preheated flow is guided to the preheating flow, the liquefied gas cooled and condensed through the preheating flow can be prevented from being cooled to a temperature equal to that of the liquefied gas flowing into the preheating heat exchanger.
  • the temperature of the liquefied gas flowing into the second heat exchanger can be thereby increased higher than the temperature of the liquefied gas.
  • a heat medium such as seawater or fresh water freezes around a heat transfer tube, or heat exchange performance is deteriorated due to ice generated on a heat exchange surface in a similar manner to the first heat exchanger described above.
  • a shell-and-tube-type heat exchanger for example, having a simple structure in which only one water chamber is provided can be employed.
  • liquefied gas means not only a fluid in liquid phase, but also a fluid already gasified on an outlet side of the heat exchanger or a two-phase fluid having a predetermined wetness fraction.
  • the shell-and-tube-type heat exchanger is preferably used as the first heat exchanger and/or the second heat exchanger.
  • the present invention is not particularly limited thereto, and, for example, a heat exchanger with an ORV system described above may be employed.
  • a non-freezing liquid may be added so as to further prevent the heat medium water from freezing.
  • a cooling flow that precools or condenses boil-off gas may be provided in the preheating heat exchanger.
  • a facility for reliquefying boil-off gas generated from a tank that stores liquefied gas or the like may be provided in some cases.
  • the cooling flow that precools or condenses the boil-off gas is provided in the preheating heat exchanger, so that the liquefied gas can be more effectively preheated in conjunction with the cooling of the boil-off gas.
  • a plate-type heat exchanger easily provided with a multi-flow configuration in which a plurality of independent flows is formed is preferably used as the preheating heat exchanger as described below.
  • a plate-type heat exchanger may be used as the preheating heat exchanger.
  • the preheating heat exchanger When the plate-type heat exchanger is used as the preheating heat exchanger, the preheating heat exchanger can be made compact.
  • the plate-type heat exchanger may be a plate-fin-type or plate-coil-type heat exchanger.
  • the plate-type heat exchanger is preferably made of stainless steel or aluminum alloy.
  • a regasification method includes a preheating step of preheating liquefied gas flowing through a preheated flow by a preheating fluid flowing through a preheating flow by using a preheating heat exchanger, and a first regasification step of regasifying the liquefied gas preheated in the preheating step by seawater or fresh water by using a first heat exchanger, the gas regasified in the first heat exchanger being guided to the preheating flow, the method further including a second regasification step of regasifying the liquefied gas condensed through the preheating flow by a heat medium such as seawater or fresh water by using a second heat exchanger.
  • the gas regasified in the first heat exchanger is guided to the preheating flow so as to preheat the liquefied gas.
  • the liquefied gas is preheated by using the own heat of the regasified gas, and the preheating is performed using the single fluid flowing through the continuous path.
  • another heat medium such as propane in the preheating step.
  • the preheating step can be achieved with a simple configuration.
  • the liquefied gas preheated in the preheating heat exchanger is guided.
  • the temperature of the liquefied gas flowing into the first heat exchanger is thereby increased.
  • seawater or fresh water freezes around a heat transfer tube. Accordingly, when a shell-and-tube-type heat exchanger is used as the first heat exchanger, a shell-and-tube-type heat exchanger having a simple structure in which only one water chamber is provided can be employed.
  • the liquefied gas condensed through the preheating flow of the preheating heat exchanger is guided.
  • the temperature of the liquefied gas passing through the preheating flow is reduced by giving heat to the liquefied gas flowing through the preheated flow while flowing through the preheating flow.
  • the gasification gas having a higher temperature than the liquefied gas flowing through the preheated flow is guided to the preheating flow, the liquefied gas cooled and condensed through the preheating flow is not cooled to a temperature equal to that of the liquefied gas flowing into the preheating heat exchanger.
  • the temperature of the liquefied gas flowing into the second heat exchanger can be thereby increased higher than the temperature of the liquefied gas.
  • seawater or fresh water freezes around a heat transfer tube. Accordingly, when a shell-and-tube-type heat exchanger is used as the second heat exchanger, a shell-and-tube-type heat exchanger having a simple structure in which only one water chamber is provided can be employed.
  • liquefied gas means not only a fluid in liquid phase, but also, in particular, a fluid gasified at an outlet of the heat exchanger or a two-phase fluid having a predetermined wetness fraction.
  • the shell-and-tube-type heat exchanger is preferably used as the first heat exchanger and/or the second heat exchanger.
  • the present invention is not particularly limited thereto, and, for example, a heat exchanger with an ORV system described above may be employed.
  • a non-freezing liquid may be added.
  • the liquefied gas is preheated by using the own heat of the regasified gas in the first heat exchanger, and the preheating is performed using the single fluid flowing through the continuous path.
  • another heat medium such as propane in the preheating step.
  • the preheating can be performed with a simple configuration.
  • the heat exchanger with a simple configuration can be employed.
  • the heat exchanger since the temperature of the liquefied gas flowing into the second heat exchanger can be increased higher than the temperature of the liquefied gas, there is less possibility that seawater or fresh water freezes around the heat transfer tube. Accordingly, the heat exchanger with a simple configuration can be employed.
  • An LNG storage facility (liquefied gas storage facility) is provided in an offshore floating body such as an FSRU (floating storage and regasification unit) and an FPSO (floating production, storage and offloading), or a marine vessel such as an LNG carrier.
  • Fig. 1 shows a regasification plant 1 that regasifies LNG (liquefied gas) guided from an LNG storage tank (liquefied gas storage tank) of the LNG storage facility so as to supply the LNG to a demand destination.
  • the regasification plant 1 includes a preheating heat exchanger 3 that preheats the LNG, a first shell-and-tube-type heat exchanger (first heat exchanger) 5 that regasifies the liquefied gas preheated in the preheating heat exchanger 3 using seawater or fresh water, and a second shell-and-tube-type heat exchanger (second heat exchanger) 7 that regasifies the liquefied gas guided from the preheating heat exchanger 3 using seawater or fresh water.
  • first heat exchanger first heat exchanger
  • second heat exchanger 7 that regasifies the liquefied gas guided from the preheating heat exchanger 3 using seawater or fresh water.
  • a preheated flow 3a to which the LNG fed from the LNG storage tank by a transfer pump is guided, and a preheating flow 3b to which gasification gas regasified in the first shell-and-tube-type heat exchanger 5 is guided are provided in the preheating heat exchanger 3.
  • the preheating heat exchanger 3 is a plate-type heat exchanger.
  • the plate-type heat exchanger may be a plate-fin-type or plate-coil-type heat exchanger.
  • the plate-type heat exchanger is preferably made of stainless steel or aluminum alloy.
  • the LNG passing through the preheated flow 3a is preheated, for example, from between -160°C and -155°C to between -100°C and -40°C.
  • the preheated fluid is simply referred to as LNG (which means liquefied gas)
  • the LNG means not only a fluid in liquid phase, but also a two-phase fluid having a predetermined wetness fraction.
  • the gasification gas passing through the preheating flow 3b is cooled by preheating the LNG passing through the preheated flow 3a.
  • the gasification gas is cooled, for example, from about 10°C to between -100°C and -40°C.
  • the temperature of the gasification gas flowing out of the preheating flow 3b can be set based on the design of the preheating heat exchanger 3.
  • the temperature is preferably set equal to that of the LNG flowing out of the preheated flow 3a. Accordingly, the first shell-and-tube-type heat exchanger 5 and the second shell-and-tube-type heat exchanger 7 can be set to the same capacity.
  • the first shell-and-tube-type heat exchanger 5 is a shell-and-tube-type heat exchanger having a simple structure in which only one water chamber is provided as shown in Fig. 4 . Seawater or fresh water is guided into the water chamber so as to form a counter flow with respect to an LNG flow.
  • the preheated LNG is heated, for example, to about 10°C and regasified in the first shell-and-tube-type heat exchanger 5.
  • the gasification gas regasified in the first shell-and-tube-type heat exchanger 5 is guided to the preheating flow 3b of the preheating heat exchanger 3 as described above.
  • the second shell-and-tube-type heat exchanger 7 is a shell-and-tube-type heat exchanger having a simple structure in which only one water chamber is provided as shown in Fig. 4 in a similar manner to the first shell-and-tube-type heat exchanger 5. Seawater or fresh water is guided into the water chamber so as to form a counter flow with respect to an LNG flow.
  • the LNG cooled and condensed in the preheating heat exchanger 3 is heated, for example, to about 10°C and regasified in the second shell-and-tube-type heat exchanger 7.
  • the fluid cooled in the preheating heat exchanger 3 is simply referred to as LNG (which means liquefied gas)
  • the LNG means not only a fluid in liquid phase, but also a fluid in gas phase, or a two-phase fluid having a predetermined wetness fraction.
  • the gasification gas regasified in the second shell-and-tube-type heat exchanger 7 is guided to a CNG (compressed natural gas) manifold, and thereafter supplied to a demand destination.
  • CNG compressed natural gas
  • the aforementioned regasification plant 1 is used as described below so as to produce the regasified gas.
  • the LNG fed from the LNG storage tank by the transfer pump is guided to the preheated flow 3a of the preheating heat exchanger 3, where the LNG is preheated, for example, to between -100°C and -40°C (a preheating step).
  • the preheated LNG is guided to the first shell-and-tube-type heat exchanger 5, where the preheated LNG is heated, for example, to about 10°C and regasified using seawater or fresh water (a first regasification step).
  • the regasified gasification gas is guided to the preheating flow 3b of the preheating heat exchanger 3, where the regasified gasification gas is cooled, for example, to between -100°C and -40°C by preheating the LNG flowing through the preheated flow 3a.
  • the LNG flowing out of the preheating flow 3b is guided to the second shell-and-tube-type heat exchanger 7, where the LNG is heated, for example, to about 10°C and regasified using seawater or fresh water (a second regasification step).
  • the regasified gasification gas is guided to the CNG manifold, and supplied to the demand destination.
  • the gas regasified in the first shell-and-tube-type heat exchanger 5 is guided to the preheating flow 3b so as to preheat the LNG flowing through the preheated flow 3a.
  • the LNG is preheated by using the own heat of the regasified gas, and the preheating is performed using the single fluid flowing through the continuous path.
  • another heat medium such as propane in the preheating step.
  • the preheating step can be achieved with a simple configuration.
  • the LNG preheated in the preheating heat exchanger 3 is also guided to the first shell-and-tube-type heat exchanger 5.
  • the temperature of the LNG flowing into the first shell-and-tube-type heat exchanger 5 is thereby increased.
  • seawater or fresh water does not possibly freeze around a heat transfer tube. Accordingly, the shell-and-tube-type heat exchanger having a simple structure in which only one water chamber is provided can be employed.
  • the LNG condensed through the preheating flow 3b of the preheating heat exchanger 3 is also guided to the second shell-and-tube-type heat exchanger 7. It is designed such that the temperature of the LNG passing through the preheating flow 3b is reduced by giving heat to the LNG flowing through the preheated flow 3a while flowing through the preheating flow 3b, but the LNG is not cooled to a temperature equal to that of the LNG flowing into the preheated flow 3a of the preheating heat exchanger 3.
  • the temperature of the LNG flowing into the second shell-and-tube-type heat exchanger 7 can be thereby increased.
  • seawater or fresh water does not possibly freeze around a heat transfer tube.
  • the shell-and-tube-type heat exchanger having a simple structure in which only one water chamber is provided can be employed.
  • the temperature of the LNG flowing out of the preheated flow 3a and flowing into the first shell-and-tube-type heat exchanger 5, and the temperature of the LNG flowing out of the preheating flow 3b and flowing into the second shell-and-tube-type heat exchanger 7 are set equal to each other.
  • the first shell-and-tube-type heat exchanger 5 and the second shell-and-tube-type heat exchanger 7 can be set to the same capacity. Consequently, the shell-and-tube-type heat exchangers can be prepared at low cost.
  • Fig. 2 shows a modification of the regasification plant according to the present embodiment.
  • the preheating heat exchanger 3 is provided with a cooling flow 3c that precools or condenses boil-off gas (referred to as "BOG" below).
  • BOG boil-off gas
  • the BOG is inevitably generated from the LNG storage tank or the like by heat input.
  • the BOG is cooled and reliquefied in some cases.
  • a reliquefaction facility is installed adjacent to the regasification plant 1'.
  • the cooling flow 3c that precools or condenses the BOG is provided in the preheating heat exchanger 3.
  • the BOG precooled or condensed through the cooling flow 3c is guided to a condenser or a condensate tank.
  • the LNG flowing through the preheated flow 3a can be more effectively preheated by the BOG in conjunction with the cooling of the BOG in the cooling flow 3c as described above.
  • the plate-type heat exchanger is used as the preheating heat exchanger 3.
  • the plate-type heat exchanger is easily provided with a multi-flow configuration in which a plurality of independent flows is formed, and is thus preferably used.
  • the present invention is not limited thereto.
  • another liquefied gas such as LPG (liquefied petroleum gas) and LEG (liquefied ethylene gas) may be also employed.
  • the present invention is not limited thereto.
  • the effects by preheating may be also obtained with respect to another heat exchanger.
  • a heat exchanger with an ORV system may be employed.

Claims (5)

  1. Eine Flüssiggas-Regasifizierungsanlage (1;1') mit
    einem Vorheiz-Wärmetauscher (3), der angeordnet ist, um Flüssiggas, das durch einen vorgeheizten Strom (3a), der in dem Vorheiz-Wärmetauscher (3) vorgesehen ist, strömt, durch ein durch einen Vorheizstrom (3b), der in dem Vorheiz-Wärmetauscher (3) vorgesehen ist, strömendes Vorheizfluid vorzuheizen,
    einem ersten Wärmetauscher (5), der angeordnet ist, um das in dem vorgeheizten Strom (3a), der in dem Vorheiz-Wärmetauscher (3) vorgesehen ist, vorgeheizte Flüssiggas durch Meerwasser oder Frischwasser zu regasifizieren, und um das in dem ersten Wärmetauscher (5) regasifizierte Gas zu dem in dem Vorheiz-Wärmetauscher (3) vorgesehenen Vorheizstrom (3b) zu leiten, und
    einem zweiten Wärmetauscher (7), der angeordnet ist, um das durch den in dem Vorheiz-Wärmetauscher (3) vorgesehenen Vorheizstrom (3b) kondensierte Flüssiggas durch Meerwasser oder Frischwasser zu regasifizieren,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
    der Vorheiz-Wärmetauscher (3) so ausgestaltet ist, dass die Temperatur des von dem Vorheizstrom (3b) ausströmenden Flüssiggases gleich der des von dem vorgeheizten Strom (3a) ausströmenden vorgeheizten Flüssiggases ist.
  2. Die Flüssiggas-Regasifizierungsanlage (1;1') gemäß Anspruch 1, wobei der erste Wärmetauscher (5) und/oder der zweite Wärmetauscher (7) ein Wärmetauscher von Mantelrohrtyp ist/sind.
  3. Die Flüssiggas-Regasifizierungsanlage (1;1') gemäß Anspruch 1 oder 2, wobei ein Kühlstrom (3c), der angeordnet ist, um Abdampfgas, das von einem Flüssiggas-Speichertank zugeführt wird, vorzukühlen oder zu kondensieren, in dem Vorheiz-Wärmetauscher (3) vorgesehen ist, und wobei die Flüssiggas-Regasifizierungsanlage (1') einen Kondensator oder einen Kondensattank aufweist, zu dem das durch den Kühlstrom (3c) vorgekühlte oder kondensierte Abdampfgas geleitet werden kann.
  4. Die Flüssiggas-Regasifizierungsanlage (1;1') gemäß einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, wobei der Vorheiz-Wärmetauscher (3) ein Wärmetauscher von Plattentyp ist.
  5. Ein Regasifizierungsverfahren mit
    einem Vorheizschritt des Vorheizens von Flüssiggas, das durch einen vorgeheizten Strom (3a) strömt, durch ein Vorheizfluid, das durch einen Vorheizstrom (3b) strömt, unter Verwendung eines Vorheiz-Wärmetauschers (3),
    einem ersten Regasifizierungsschritt des Regasifizierens des in dem Vorheizschritt vorgeheizten Flüssiggases durch Meerwasser oder Frischwasser durch Verwendung eines ersten Wärmetauschers (5), wobei das in dem ersten Wärmetauscher (5) regasifizierte Gas zu dem Vorheizstrom (3b) geleitet wird, und
    einem zweiten Regasifizierungsschritt des Regasifizierens des durch den Vorheizstrom (3b) kondensierten Flüssiggases durch Meerwasser oder Frischwasser durch Verwendung eines zweiten Wärmetauschers (7),
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
    die Temperatur des durch den Vorheizstrom (3b) kondensierten Flüssiggases gleich der des in dem Vorheizschritt vorgeheizten Flüssiggases, das aus dem vorgeheizten Strom (3a) ausströmt, eingestellt ist oder wird.
EP12752343.9A 2011-02-28 2012-02-03 Flüssiggas-regasifizierungsvorrichtung und verfahren zur herstellung des regasifizierten gases Active EP2682666B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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JP2011043192A JP5999874B2 (ja) 2011-02-28 2011-02-28 液化ガスの再ガス化装置および再ガス化ガス製造方法
PCT/JP2012/052518 WO2012117806A1 (ja) 2011-02-28 2012-02-03 液化ガスの再ガス化装置および再ガス化ガス製造方法

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EP2682666A4 EP2682666A4 (de) 2018-01-17
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CN104315339B (zh) * 2014-10-27 2016-02-24 中国海洋石油总公司 应用于海上浮式lng再气化装置的lng阶梯式再气化系统及再气化方法
WO2017062457A1 (en) 2015-10-05 2017-04-13 Crowley Maritime Corporation Lng gasification systems and methods
JP6454628B2 (ja) * 2015-10-21 2019-01-16 株式会社神戸製鋼所 中間媒体式ガス気化器
NO20151639A1 (en) 2015-12-01 2017-06-02 Waertsilae Gas Solutions Norway As A plant and method for regasification of LNG
JP6666703B2 (ja) * 2015-12-08 2020-03-18 株式会社Ｉｈｉプラント 熱交換器
JP7042383B1 (ja) * 2021-10-29 2022-03-25 岩井機械工業株式会社 多管式熱交換器及び熱交換システム

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FR2582785B1 (fr) * 1985-04-26 1989-04-28 Agliani Philippe Installation autonome de refroidissement de fluide gazeux tel que de l'air
US5373701A (en) * 1993-07-07 1994-12-20 The Boc Group, Inc. Cryogenic station
JP3354750B2 (ja) * 1995-06-23 2002-12-09 中部電力株式会社 天然ガス焚きガスタービン複合サイクル発電所の燃料用ｌｎｇ気化装置
JP3591927B2 (ja) * 1995-08-25 2004-11-24 株式会社神戸製鋼所 複数成分をもつ低温液体及びそのボイルオフガスの処理装置
JP3821506B2 (ja) * 1995-12-28 2006-09-13 大陽日酸株式会社 液化天然ガス貯槽の蒸発ガス再液化装置
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CN103403437A (zh) 2013-11-20
KR20150133294A (ko) 2015-11-27
JP5999874B2 (ja) 2016-09-28
KR101840529B1 (ko) 2018-03-20
EP2682666A1 (de) 2014-01-08
KR20130117858A (ko) 2013-10-28
CN103403437B (zh) 2016-06-22
EP2682666A4 (de) 2018-01-17
WO2012117806A1 (ja) 2012-09-07

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