EP2674666B1 - Illumination device of a motor vehicle - Google Patents

Illumination device of a motor vehicle Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2674666B1
EP2674666B1 EP13171950.2A EP13171950A EP2674666B1 EP 2674666 B1 EP2674666 B1 EP 2674666B1 EP 13171950 A EP13171950 A EP 13171950A EP 2674666 B1 EP2674666 B1 EP 2674666B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
lighting device
dark
light
thermally conductive
components
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EP13171950.2A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2674666A2 (en
EP2674666A3 (en
Inventor
Andrea Kramer
Daniel Zehender
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Marelli Automotive Lighting Reutlingen Germany GmbH
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Marelli Automotive Lighting Reutlingen Germany GmbH
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Publication of EP2674666A2 publication Critical patent/EP2674666A2/en
Publication of EP2674666A3 publication Critical patent/EP2674666A3/en
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21LIGHTING
    • F21SNON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S45/00Arrangements within vehicle lighting devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, for purposes other than emission or distribution of light
    • F21S45/10Protection of lighting devices
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21LIGHTING
    • F21SNON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/50Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by aesthetic components not otherwise provided for, e.g. decorative trim, partition walls or covers

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a lighting device of a motor vehicle, wherein the lighting device has focusing means for the light of the lighting device, and dark-colored components made of plastic are arranged in the lighting device.
  • Various types of lighting devices for motor vehicles are known from the prior art. These can be in the form of headlights or lights. Headlights are arranged in the front area of a vehicle and, in addition to ensuring road safety by making the vehicle visible to other road users, are used in particular to illuminate the area in front of the vehicle, e.g. in the form of a low beam, high beam or fog light distribution and in the form of adaptive light distributions that can be adapted to certain environmental and/or driving situations, such as static or dynamic cornering lights, bad weather lights, city lights, country road lights, motorway lights.
  • the lighting devices include at least one light source, e.g. in the form of an incandescent lamp, Gas discharge lamp or semiconductor light source, for generating light.
  • the primary optics can be designed as a reflector (concave mirror), which reflects the light by means of conventional mirroring.
  • the reflector can have the shape of an ellipsoid, a paraboloid or any other arithmetically calculated free form.
  • the primary optics can also be designed as a transparent body made of glass or plastic, the bundling of the light then taking place by refraction when entering the body and/or exiting the body and/or by total reflection at the outer boundary surfaces of the body.
  • the lighting devices work, for example, according to the reflection principle, with light emitted by the light source being reflected onto the roadway in front of the vehicle by primary optics designed as a reflector in order to produce a desired light distribution.
  • the lighting devices can also work according to a projection principle, with light emitted by the light source, after being concentrated by the primary optics, being imaged by a projection optics on the roadway in front of the vehicle in order to produce a desired light distribution.
  • the projection optics can be designed as a converging lens or as a reflector, preferably with a paraboloid shape.
  • Lighting devices include a housing that is preferably made of plastic.
  • the housing has a light exit opening which is tightly sealed by a translucent cover plate made of glass or plastic and through which the light can leave the lighting device.
  • the cover plate can have optically active elements (e.g. prisms, cylindrical lenses, etc.) at least in certain areas (so-called diffuser). However, it can also be designed without such optically effective elements (so-called clear pane).
  • the actual light-emitting unit of a lighting device is combined into a light module.
  • a light module is arranged either alone or together with other light modules in the housing of a lighting device.
  • a desired light distribution can be generated by a single light module or by a plurality of light modules and by superimposing the partial light distributions emitted by them.
  • a cover frame made of plastic is often arranged around the light module, which covers gaps between two light modules and between a light module and the housing and contributes to a visually appealing design of the lighting device, particularly when it is switched off.
  • a cover frame surrounds the outer circumference of a projection optics of a projection module or of a reflector of a reflection module.
  • the cover frames can extend on the inside of the housing along the top, the back, the bottom and/or the lateral sides.
  • the converging lens and at least partially also a lens holder, via which the converging lens is attached to the rest of the light module are surrounded by a hollow-cylindrical tube made of plastic.
  • Cover frames, tubes or other plastic components in the housing can, for example, be mirrored. It is also known to color these cover frames, tubes or other components dark, preferably black, for example in order to avoid unwanted and uncontrollable reflection of light on them.
  • the dark colored cover frames, tubes or other plastic components have a matt or glossy surface.
  • a paint containing carbon black is preferably used to color the components.
  • a burning glass effect can occur, for example in a projection module, due to the projection optics, especially if this is designed as a converging lens, which can lead to local melting of the cover frames, tubes or other plastic components.
  • this effect is intensified by the fact that the soot usually used for coloring includes carbon particles that cause strong absorption of the radiation in the entire wavelength range, including the high-energy IR radiation. This leads to heating of the components and, as a result, to a visible change in the surface, deformation or even damage to the component, e.g. by burning holes.
  • the JP 2008 277237 A a lighting device of a motor vehicle, the lighting device having focusing means and dark-colored components made of plastic being arranged in the lighting device, the dark-colored Components are at least partially made of a plastic with thermally conductive additives and / or with a thermally conductive layer on their exposed to radiation from the outside side.
  • infrared-transparent plastic material for example, to counteract heat-related damage caused by the heat generated by an incandescent or halogen lamp in the housing of a lighting device WO 03/099939 A1 the use of infrared-transparent plastic material is known, the material being used to produce a headlight housing of a motor vehicle.
  • the material consists of a dark-colored, IR-radiation-permeable polymer that only partially absorbs radiation in the near and mid-infrared range, the remaining radiation is transmitted or reflected through the housing, which can reduce the heating of the headlight housing.
  • the object of the invention is to prevent aesthetic and functional impairments of the known lighting devices due to solar radiation in conjunction with light-focusing means of the lighting devices. If possible, the appearance of the lighting devices should not be changed, and in particular no additional components should be necessary for this.
  • the dark-colored components of the lighting device comprise a cover frame and are made at least in regions from a plastic with thermally conductive additives and with a thermally conductive layer on the side exposed to radiation from the outside, the layer being at least partially a dark layer comprising thermally conductive additives and/or at least partially a transparent layer comprising thermally conductive additives.
  • External radiation means, in particular, solar radiation. In general, however, this refers to radiation that is not generated by the lighting device itself.
  • infrared radiation is particularly relevant.
  • Infrared radiation is defined as electromagnetic radiation that borders on visible light with increasing wavelengths, i.e. starting at a wavelength of approx. 780 nm.
  • the near infrared range (NIR: near IR) is particularly relevant here, i.e. a wavelength range from around 780 nm to around 3000 nm.
  • the near infrared range is the wavelength range that leads to particularly strong heating of the components when these rays are absorbed by the components. But even beyond the NIR range, the radiation can lead to heating when absorbed by the components.
  • sunbeams can strike the light-focusing means of the lighting device at different angles.
  • the sun's rays can be bundled accordingly and hit different components in the lighting device.
  • a converging lens of a projection module of the lighting device is primarily considered as the light-focusing means.
  • a curved or arched Cover plate especially if it includes optically effective elements, light can have a focusing effect.
  • mirrored components eg cover frames, tubes, screen elements, etc.
  • thermally conductive additives By introducing thermally conductive additives into the plastic material of the dark-colored components and by applying a dark or transparent layer to the plastic material with thermally conductive properties, the heat generated by the infrared portion of the sun's rays that strike the lighting device from outside can be dissipated onto the entire component from the zone of special heating (hotspot), which prevents the partial strong heating of the component and thus at least minimizes, but preferably prevents, damage to the component.
  • hotspot special heating
  • these components are made, according to the invention, from a material with improved thermal conductivity properties compared to the plastic material, and the plastic material is provided with an additional layer on its surface, which has improved thermal conductivity properties.
  • these components are only slightly heated by incident and focused light rays, which immediately dissipates the heat generated to the other areas of the components. This can change or damage the surface of the components, deformation and damage to the complete components can be effectively prevented.
  • the affected components are still colored dark, so that the external appearance of the lighting device remains unchanged compared to conventional lighting devices.
  • the provision of metallic or metalized surfaces for dissipation and protection against local heating can be dispensed with.
  • the infrared radiation from the sun bundled by the light-focusing means can, for example, impinge on at least part of the cover frame, a tube and/or a decorative strip.
  • the corresponding components can be at least partially dark in color in order to avoid, for example, disruptive reflections caused by light emerging from the light module of the lighting device and/or light from other road users and/or any other extraneous light.
  • Thermosetting plastics can also be used as the plastic material.
  • the dark-colored components of the lighting device are preferably colored black or at least approximately black.
  • the plastic components are not simply coated with a specific color, but colored throughout. This means that the affected components cannot differ in terms of color from the conventional dark components that are used in lighting devices known from the prior art. In addition, one Surface structure of the components not changed. The lighting device looks like the conventional lighting devices from the outside.
  • thermally conductive additives such as carbon nanotubes (CNT), thermally conductive oxides (TCO), ceramic or metal fillers or combinations of the aforementioned additives are added to the plastic material.
  • CNT carbon nanotubes
  • TCO thermally conductive oxides
  • ceramic or metal fillers or combinations of the aforementioned additives are added to the plastic material.
  • the use of carbon nanotubes is particularly preferred here, since these do not change the mechanical properties of the plastics used, or do so only to a small extent.
  • the manufacturing process of the components can therefore be adapted without great effort.
  • the alternatively used ceramic or metal fillers increase the weight of the components and are associated with increased tool wear during processing, for example in the injection molding process.
  • the dark-colored components are manufactured with a thermally conductive layer on their side exposed to external radiation.
  • the dark color of the dark-colored components can be achieved by applying a dark layer, which can be provided in whole or in part.
  • a dark layer which can be provided in whole or in part.
  • thermally conductive additives such as carbon nanotubes (CNT), thermally conductive oxides (thermally conductive oxides, TCO), ceramic or metal fillers or combinations of the aforementioned additives.
  • the layer can be provided, for example, by spraying, printing, squeegeeing, sputtering, coating, but also by applying a film, e.g. by lamination.
  • a transparent layer which can be provided in whole or in part, can be applied.
  • thermally conductive additives such as carbon nanotubes (CNT), thermally conductive oxides (thermally conductive oxides, TCO), ceramic or metal fillers or combinations of the aforementioned additives.
  • the layer can be provided, for example, by spraying, printing, squeegeeing, sputtering, coating, but also by applying a film, for example by lamination. It is particularly preferably a thin layer consisting of carbon nanotubes.
  • the light source advantageously comprises at least one semiconductor light source, in particular a light-emitting diode.
  • the lighting device according to the invention effectively prevents impairments of such lighting devices equipped with semiconductor light sources.
  • the invention is particularly advantageous in the case of lighting devices with a projection module, since the projection optics (for example the converging lens) captures a particularly large amount of sunlight and focuses it onto visible (dark-colored) components of the lighting device. Even in such a case, the invention effectively prevents damage to or destruction of the components.
  • a lighting device 5 for motor vehicles according to the invention shown in a longitudinal section in the figure is designed as a headlight.
  • the headlight 5 includes a housing 17 which is preferably made of plastic.
  • a light module is arranged inside the housing 17 and is denoted by the reference numeral 7 in its entirety.
  • the lighting device 5 could also include several light modules, in which case, in addition to headlight functions such as low beam, high beam or fog light, lighting functions such as turn signals, daytime running lights, position lights, etc. can also be integrated in the lighting device 5 .
  • the light module 7 has primary optics designed as a reflector 10 and having an optical axis 11 .
  • the reflector 10 preferably has an ellipsoid shape or a free form similar to an ellipsoid shape.
  • a light source 12 is arranged in one of its possible focal points.
  • the reflector 10 bundles the light emitted by the light source 12 .
  • the light source 12 shown is a halogen lamp.
  • the light source 12 can also be designed as at least one semiconductor light source (for example at least one light-emitting diode, LED) or as a gas discharge lamp.
  • the reflector 10 can be made of plastic or metal.
  • a holder 14 It is arranged in a holder 14 and can be mounted in the housing 17 so that it can be adjusted horizontally and/or vertically in order to generate an adaptive light distribution.
  • the holder 14 is firmly connected to the housing 17 of the lighting device 5 .
  • the light module 7 is therefore designed as a so-called projection module, with the projection lens 18 projecting at least part of the light bundled by the reflector 10 to generate a desired light distribution onto the roadway in front of the vehicle.
  • the projection lens 18 is fastened to a front edge of the reflector 10 and thus to the rest of the light module 7 via a holding frame 20 which is preferably made of metal.
  • the housing 7 has a light exit opening 19 in the light exit direction 16 which is closed with a translucent cover plate 15 .
  • the cover plate 15 consists of glass or plastic and can be designed with or without optically active elements, in particular scattering elements.
  • At least one cover frame 22 is arranged around the outer circumference of the projection module 7, in particular along the outer circumference of the converging lens 18, so that a gap or spacing between the light module 7 and the interior of the housing is covered and cannot be seen when looking from the outside through the cover pane 15 into the interior of the housing 17.
  • the design (shape, color, surface quality, etc.) of the cover frame 22 determines the aesthetic impression and thus the design of the lighting device 5 to a large extent, especially when the light source 12 is switched off. It is made of plastic and can be colored at least partially dark or black. The dark color can, for example, prevent unwanted and disturbing light reflections. Inside the housing 17 of the lighting device 5, there can also be other dark-colored plastic components, which, however, figure 1 are not explicitly marked. It could be, for example, a die
  • the tube surrounding the lens holder 20 may be made of, in particular, dark-colored plastic, a decorative strip made of, in particular, dark-colored plastic, or the like.
  • a diaphragm arrangement 24 can be provided inside the projection module 7, which is used to generate a shielded light distribution, e.g. a low beam or a fog light.
  • a shielded light distribution e.g. a low beam or a fog light.
  • an upper edge of the screen 24 is projected through the converging lens 18 as a light-dark boundary onto the roadway in front of the vehicle.
  • the screen 24 shades off light reflected by the reflector 10, which would otherwise reach an area above the light-dark boundary in the light distribution.
  • the aperture assembly 24 can be moved in and out of the light path. In this way, the light distribution can be switched between low beam and high beam.
  • the sun's rays 26 which include high-energy infrared radiation, can fall through the cover pane 15 into the interior of the housing 17 at different angles, both when the motor vehicle is moving and stationary. There, the sun's rays 26 can hit light-focusing means, for example in the form of the converging lens 18 .
  • the cover plate 15 With a corresponding configuration of the cover plate 15, for example with a corresponding curvature and/or optically active elements, the cover plate 15 itself can even be used as a light-focusing means act.
  • Infrared radiation is defined as electromagnetic radiation that borders on visible light with increasing wavelengths, i.e. starting at a wavelength of around 780 nm and going up to around 14000 nm. Absorption of IR radiation by a body causes it to heat up.
  • the sun's rays 19 are focused in the light means 10; 15; 18 bundled and can then on the arranged in the lighting assembly 5 components 22 from z. B. dark colored plastic.
  • the sun is so that the sun's rays through the light focusing means 10; 15; 18 on the z. B. dark-colored plastic parts 22 are focused, a relatively large amount of energy hits the plastic parts 22 in a spatially limited area. A so-called hotspot 28 arises.
  • the present invention proposes that the dark plastic part 22 be manufactured at least in areas from a plastic with heat-conducting additives and with a heat-conducting layer on the side exposed to radiation from the outside, the layer being at least in areas a dark layer comprising heat-conducting additives and/or at least in areas a transparent layer comprising heat-conducting additives.
  • the infrared radiation from the sun hits the plastic part 22, which due to its own thermally conductive properties and the thermally conductive properties of the dark or transparent layer additionally applied to it, distributes the selective heating 28 to the entire component 22 and thus over a larger area or a larger volume, so that the heat load on the point 28 on which the sunlight is focused can be kept sufficiently low. At most, the component 22 heats up slightly, but damage to the component 22 by the absorbed IR radiation is practically impossible.
  • the use of carbon nanotubes is particularly preferred. These can either be used directly in the plastic as additives or applied to the plastic part in a dark or transparent layer. The use of carbon nanotubes is particularly preferred, since these change the mechanical and processing properties of the plastic only slightly.
  • the entire cover frame can consist of plastic containing carbon nanotubes or plastic containing TCO.
  • the cover frame can also only be formed in sections from a corresponding plastic, with the cover frame being produced directly during production as a two-component part and one of the components being made of a corresponding plastic.
  • the critical area can be made of a plastic that contains TCOs or carbon nanotubes, and this further part can be clipped into an opening in the cover frame, for example.
  • the component or areas of the component can be provided with a coating containing TCOs or carbon nanotubes.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Non-Portable Lighting Devices Or Systems Thereof (AREA)
  • Vehicle Interior And Exterior Ornaments, Soundproofing, And Insulation (AREA)

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine Beleuchtungseinrichtung eines Kraftfahrzeugs, wobei die Beleuchtungseinrichtung für Licht der Beleuchtungseinrichtung fokussierende Mittel aufweist, und in der Beleuchtungseinrichtung dunkel eingefärbte Bauteile aus Kunststoff angeordnet sind.The present invention relates to a lighting device of a motor vehicle, wherein the lighting device has focusing means for the light of the lighting device, and dark-colored components made of plastic are arranged in the lighting device.

Aus dem Stand der Technik sind verschiedenartige Beleuchtungseinrichtungen für Kraftfahrzeuge bekannt. Diese können als Scheinwerfer oder als Leuchten ausgebildet sein. Scheinwerfer sind im Frontbereich eines Fahrzeugs angeordnet und dienen neben der Verkehrssicherheit durch eine Sichtbarmachung des Fahrzeugs für andere Verkehrsteilnehmer insbesondere der Ausleuchtung des Bereichs vor dem Fahrzeug, z.B. in Form einer Abblend-, Fern- oder Nebel-Lichtverteilung sowie in Form von an bestimmte Umgebungs- und/oder Fahrsituationen anpassbaren adaptiven Lichtverteilungen, wie bspw. statisches oder dynamisches Kurvenlicht, Schlechtwetterlicht, Stadtlicht, Landstraßenlicht, Autobahnlicht. Die Beleuchtungseinrichtungen umfassen mindestens eine Lichtquelle, bspw. in Form einer Glühlampe, Gasentladungslampe oder Halbleiterlichtquelle, zum Erzeugen von Licht. Ferner umfassen sie mindestens eine Primäroptik zum Bündeln des erzeugten Lichts. Die Primäroptik kann als ein Reflektor (Hohlspiegel) ausgebildet sein, der das Licht mittels herkömmlicher Spiegelung reflektiert. Der Reflektor kann die Form eines Ellipsoids, eines Paraboloids oder eine beliebig andere arithmetisch berechnete Freiform haben. Die Primäroptik kann aber auch als ein lichtdurchlässiger Körper aus Glas oder Kunststoff ausgebildet sein, wobei die Bündelung des Lichts dann durch Brechung beim Eintritt in den Körper und/oder Austritt aus dem Körper und/oder durch Totalreflexion an äußeren Grenzflächen des Körpers erfolgt.Various types of lighting devices for motor vehicles are known from the prior art. These can be in the form of headlights or lights. Headlights are arranged in the front area of a vehicle and, in addition to ensuring road safety by making the vehicle visible to other road users, are used in particular to illuminate the area in front of the vehicle, e.g. in the form of a low beam, high beam or fog light distribution and in the form of adaptive light distributions that can be adapted to certain environmental and/or driving situations, such as static or dynamic cornering lights, bad weather lights, city lights, country road lights, motorway lights. The lighting devices include at least one light source, e.g. in the form of an incandescent lamp, Gas discharge lamp or semiconductor light source, for generating light. They also include at least one primary optics for bundling the generated light. The primary optics can be designed as a reflector (concave mirror), which reflects the light by means of conventional mirroring. The reflector can have the shape of an ellipsoid, a paraboloid or any other arithmetically calculated free form. However, the primary optics can also be designed as a transparent body made of glass or plastic, the bundling of the light then taking place by refraction when entering the body and/or exiting the body and/or by total reflection at the outer boundary surfaces of the body.

Die Beleuchtungseinrichtungen arbeiten z.B. nach dem Reflexionsprinzip, wobei von der Lichtquelle ausgesandtes Licht zur Erzeugung einer gewünschten Lichtverteilung durch eine als Reflektor ausgebildete Primäroptik auf die Fahrbahn vor das Fahrzeug reflektiert wird. Die Beleuchtungseinrichtungen können aber auch nach einem Projektionsprinzip arbeiten, wobei von der Lichtquelle ausgesandtes Licht nach der Bündelung durch die Primäroptik, zur Erzeugung einer gewünschten Lichtverteilung durch eine Projektionsoptik auf der Fahrbahn vor dem Fahrzeug abgebildet wird. Die Projektionsoptik kann als eine Sammellinse oder als ein Reflektor, vorzugsweise mit einer Paraboloidform, ausgebildet sein.The lighting devices work, for example, according to the reflection principle, with light emitted by the light source being reflected onto the roadway in front of the vehicle by primary optics designed as a reflector in order to produce a desired light distribution. However, the lighting devices can also work according to a projection principle, with light emitted by the light source, after being concentrated by the primary optics, being imaged by a projection optics on the roadway in front of the vehicle in order to produce a desired light distribution. The projection optics can be designed as a converging lens or as a reflector, preferably with a paraboloid shape.

Beleuchtungseinrichtungen umfassen ein Gehäuse, das vorzugsweise aus Kunststoff gefertigt ist. Das Gehäuse weist eine durch eine lichtdurchlässige Abdeckscheibe aus Glas oder Kunststoff dicht verschlossene Lichtaustrittsöffnung auf, durch die das Licht die Beleuchtungseinrichtung verlassen kann. Die Abdeckscheibe kann zumindest bereichsweise optisch wirksame Elemente (z.B. Prismen, Zylinderlinsen, etc.) aufweisen (sog. Streuscheibe). Sie kann aber auch ohne solche optisch wirksamen Elemente ausgebildet sein (sog. klare Scheibe).Lighting devices include a housing that is preferably made of plastic. The housing has a light exit opening which is tightly sealed by a translucent cover plate made of glass or plastic and through which the light can leave the lighting device. The cover plate can have optically active elements (e.g. prisms, cylindrical lenses, etc.) at least in certain areas (so-called diffuser). However, it can also be designed without such optically effective elements (so-called clear pane).

Die eigentliche Licht aussendende Einheit einer Beleuchtungseinrichtung ist zu einem Lichtmodul zusammengefasst. Dieses umfasst die Lichtquelle, die Primäroptik und - sofern vorhanden - eine Sekundäroptik und eine Blendenanordnung zur Erzeugung einer abgeblendeten Lichtverteilung. Ein Lichtmodul ist entweder alleine oder zusammen mit anderen Lichtmodulen in dem Gehäuse einer Beleuchtungseinrichtung angeordnet. Eine gewünschte Lichtverteilung kann dabei durch ein einziges Lichtmodul oder aber durch mehrere Lichtmodule und durch Überlagerung der von diesen ausgesandten Teillichtverteilungen erzeugt werden.The actual light-emitting unit of a lighting device is combined into a light module. This includes the light source, the primary optics and - if present - a secondary optics and a diaphragm arrangement for generating a shielded light distribution. A light module is arranged either alone or together with other light modules in the housing of a lighting device. A desired light distribution can be generated by a single light module or by a plurality of light modules and by superimposing the partial light distributions emitted by them.

Um das Lichtmodul herum ist häufig ein Abdeckrahmen aus Kunststoff angeordnet, der Spalte zwischen zwei Lichtmodulen und zwischen einem Lichtmodul und dem Gehäuse abdeckt zu einem optisch möglichst ansprechenden Design der Beleuchtungseinrichtung, insbesondere im ausgeschalteten Zustand, beiträgt. In der Regel umgibt ein Abdeckrahmen den Außenumfang einer Projektionsoptik eines Projektionsmoduls bzw. eines Reflektors eines Reflexionsmoduls. Die Abdeckrahmen können sich auf der Innenseite des Gehäuses entlang der Oberseite, der Rückseite, der Unterseite und/oder der seitlichen Seiten erstrecken. Ferner ist es bei Projektionsmodulen denkbar, dass die Sammellinse und zumindest teilweise auch eine Linsenhalterung, über die die Sammellinse an dem restlichen Lichtmodul befestigt ist, von einem hohlzylinderförmigen Tubus aus Kunststoff umgeben ist. Zusätzlich oder alternativ können im Inneren des Gehäuses auch andere Bauteile aus Kunststoff angeordnet sein. Abdeckrahmen, Tuben oder andere Bauteile aus Kunststoff im Gehäuse können bspw. verspiegelt sein. Es ist ferner bekannt, diese Abdeckrahmen, Tuben oder anderen Bauteile dunkel, vorzugsweise schwarz, einzufärben, bspw. um eine ungewollte und unkontrollierbare Reflexion von Licht an diesen zu vermeiden. Die dunkel eingefärbten Abdeckrahmen, Tuben oder anderen Bauteile aus Kunststoff haben eine matte oder glänzende Oberfläche. Zum Einfärben der Bauteile wird vorzugsweise eine Ruß enthaltende Farbe verwendet.A cover frame made of plastic is often arranged around the light module, which covers gaps between two light modules and between a light module and the housing and contributes to a visually appealing design of the lighting device, particularly when it is switched off. As a rule, a cover frame surrounds the outer circumference of a projection optics of a projection module or of a reflector of a reflection module. The cover frames can extend on the inside of the housing along the top, the back, the bottom and/or the lateral sides. Furthermore, in the case of projection modules, it is conceivable that the converging lens and at least partially also a lens holder, via which the converging lens is attached to the rest of the light module, are surrounded by a hollow-cylindrical tube made of plastic. Additionally or alternatively, inside the Housing also be arranged other components made of plastic. Cover frames, tubes or other plastic components in the housing can, for example, be mirrored. It is also known to color these cover frames, tubes or other components dark, preferably black, for example in order to avoid unwanted and uncontrollable reflection of light on them. The dark colored cover frames, tubes or other plastic components have a matt or glossy surface. A paint containing carbon black is preferably used to color the components.

Bei Sonneneinstrahlung durch die Abdeckscheibe in das Innere des Gehäuses der Beleuchtungseinrichtung kann bspw. bei einem Projektionsmodul durch die Projektionsoptik, insbesondere wenn diese als Sammellinse ausgebildet ist, ein Brennglaseffekt auftreten, der zu einem lokalen Schmelzen der Abdeckrahmen, Tuben oder anderen Bauteile aus Kunststoff führen kann. Dieser Effekt wird bei dunkel eingefärbten Bauteilen noch dadurch verstärkt, dass der üblicherweise zum Einfärben verwendete Ruß Kohlenstoffpartikel umfasst, die eine starke Absorption der Strahlung im gesamten Wellenlängenbereich, also auch der energiereichen IR-Strahlung bewirken. Dadurch kommt es zu einer Erhitzung der Bauteile und in der Folge zu einer sichtbaren Veränderung der Oberfläche, Verformung oder sogar zu einer Beschädigung des Bauteils, bspw. durch das Hineinbrennen von Löchern.When the sun shines through the cover plate into the interior of the housing of the lighting device, a burning glass effect can occur, for example in a projection module, due to the projection optics, especially if this is designed as a converging lens, which can lead to local melting of the cover frames, tubes or other plastic components. In the case of dark-colored components, this effect is intensified by the fact that the soot usually used for coloring includes carbon particles that cause strong absorption of the radiation in the entire wavelength range, including the high-energy IR radiation. This leads to heating of the components and, as a result, to a visible change in the surface, deformation or even damage to the component, e.g. by burning holes.

So offenbart die JP 2008 277237 A eine Beleuchtungseinrichtung eines Kraftfahrzeugs, wobei die Beleuchtungseinrichtung fokussierende Mittel aufweist und in der Beleuchtungseinrichtung dunkel gefärbte Bauteile aus Kunststoff angeordnet sind, wobei die dunkel gefärbten Bauteile zumindest bereichsweise aus einem Kunststoff mit wärmeleitenden Additiven und/oder mit einer wärmeleitenden Schicht auf ihrer durch Strahlung von außen beaufschlagten Seite gefertigt sind.So reveals the JP 2008 277237 A a lighting device of a motor vehicle, the lighting device having focusing means and dark-colored components made of plastic being arranged in the lighting device, the dark-colored Components are at least partially made of a plastic with thermally conductive additives and / or with a thermally conductive layer on their exposed to radiation from the outside side.

Um z.B. wärmebedingten Schäden durch die erzeugte Wärme einer Glüh- oder Halogenlampe in dem Gehäuse einer Beleuchtungseinrichtung entgegenzuwirken, ist aus der WO 03/099939 A1 der Einsatz von infrarotdurchlässigem Kunststoffmaterial bekannt, wobei das Material zur Herstellung eines Scheinwerfergehäuses eines Kraftfahrzeugs verwendet wird. Das Material besteht aus einem dunkel eingefärbten, IR-strahlungsdurchlässigen Polymer, das im nahen und mittleren Infrarotbereich nur teilweise Strahlung absorbiert, die restliche Strahlung wird durch das Gehäuse transmittiert oder reflektiert, wodurch die Erwärmung des Scheinwerfergehäuses reduziert werden kann.For example, to counteract heat-related damage caused by the heat generated by an incandescent or halogen lamp in the housing of a lighting device WO 03/099939 A1 the use of infrared-transparent plastic material is known, the material being used to produce a headlight housing of a motor vehicle. The material consists of a dark-colored, IR-radiation-permeable polymer that only partially absorbs radiation in the near and mid-infrared range, the remaining radiation is transmitted or reflected through the housing, which can reduce the heating of the headlight housing.

Alternativ ist es auch bekannt Hitzeschutzbleche zu verwenden, wie dies in der EP 1 150 065 B1 vorgesehen ist.Alternatively, it is also known to use heat shields, as shown in EP 1 150 065 B1 is provided.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, ästhetische und funktionale Beeinträchtigungen der bekannten Beleuchtungseinrichtungen aufgrund von Sonneneinstrahlung im Zusammenwirken mit Licht fokussierenden Mitteln der Beleuchtungseinrichtungen zu verhindern. Dabei soll das Aussehen der Beleuchtungseinrichtungen nach Möglichkeit nicht verändert werden, insbesondere sollen dafür keine zusätzlichen Bauteile nötig sein.The object of the invention is to prevent aesthetic and functional impairments of the known lighting devices due to solar radiation in conjunction with light-focusing means of the lighting devices. If possible, the appearance of the lighting devices should not be changed, and in particular no additional components should be necessary for this.

Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe wird eine Beleuchtungseinrichtung mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 vorgeschlagen.To solve this problem, a lighting device with the features of claim 1 is proposed.

Dabei ist vorgesehen, dass die dunkel eingefärbten Bauteile der Beleuchtungseinrichtung einen Abdeckrahmen umfassen und zumindest bereichsweise aus einem Kunststoff mit wärmeleitenden Additiven und mit einer wärmeleitenden Schicht auf ihrer durch Strahlung von außen beaufschlagten Seite gefertigt sind,wobei die Schicht zumindest bereichsweise eine dunkle Schicht umfassend wärmeleitende Additive und/oder zumindest bereichsweise eine transparente Schicht umfassend wärmeleitende Additive ist.It is provided that the dark-colored components of the lighting device comprise a cover frame and are made at least in regions from a plastic with thermally conductive additives and with a thermally conductive layer on the side exposed to radiation from the outside, the layer being at least partially a dark layer comprising thermally conductive additives and/or at least partially a transparent layer comprising thermally conductive additives.

Mit Strahlung von außen ist dabei insbesondere Sonnenstrahlung gemeint. Allgemein wird damit aber Strahlung bezeichnet, die nicht durch die Beleuchtungseinrichtung selbst erzeugt wird.External radiation means, in particular, solar radiation. In general, however, this refers to radiation that is not generated by the lighting device itself.

Dabei ist von dieser von außen auf die Beleuchtungseinrichtung auftreffenden Strahlung insbesondere die Infrarot-Strahlung relevant. Infrarotstrahlung ist definiert als eine elektromagnetische Strahlung, die an das sichtbare Licht mit größer werdenden Wellenlängen angrenzt, also bei einer Wellenlänge von ca. 780 nm beginnt. Besonders relevant ist hier der nahe Infrarotbereich (NIR: near IR), d.h. ein Wellenlängenbereich von etwa 780 nm bis etwa 3000 nm. Der nahe Infrarotbereich ist der Wellenlängenbereich, der zu einer besonders starken Erwärmung der Bauteile führt, wenn diese Strahlen von den Bauteilen absorbiert werden. Aber auch jenseits des NIR-Bereichs kann die Strahlung bei Absorption durch die Bauteile zu deren Erwärmung führen.In this case, of the radiation incident on the lighting device from the outside, infrared radiation is particularly relevant. Infrared radiation is defined as electromagnetic radiation that borders on visible light with increasing wavelengths, i.e. starting at a wavelength of approx. 780 nm. The near infrared range (NIR: near IR) is particularly relevant here, i.e. a wavelength range from around 780 nm to around 3000 nm. The near infrared range is the wavelength range that leads to particularly strong heating of the components when these rays are absorbed by the components. But even beyond the NIR range, the radiation can lead to heating when absorbed by the components.

Je nach einer Stellung der Sonne, können energiereiche Sonnenstrahlen in unterschiedlichen Winkeln auf die Licht fokussierenden Mittel der Beleuchtungseinrichtung treffen. Dabei können die Sonnenstrahlen entsprechend gebündelt werden und auf unterschiedliche Bauteile in der Beleuchtungseinrichtung treffen. Als Licht fokussierende Mittel kommt in erster Linie eine Sammellinse eines Projektionsmoduls der Beleuchtungseinrichtung in Betracht. Es ist aber auch denkbar, dass eine gebogene oder gewölbte Abdeckscheibe, insbesondere wenn sie optisch wirksame Elemente umfasst, Licht fokussierend wirken kann. Ferner wäre es denkbar, dass verspiegelte Bauteile (z.B. Abdeckrahmen, Tuben, Blendenelemente, etc.) derart geformt, insbesondere gebogen oder gewölbt, sind, dass sie auftreffende Lichtstrahlen auf dunkel eingefärbte Bauteile der Beleuchtungseinrichtung fokussieren. Durch die Einbringung von wärmeleitenden Additiven in das Kunststoffmaterial der dunkel gefärbten Bauteile und durch das Aufbringen einer dunklen oder transparenten Schicht auf das Kunststoffmaterial mit wärmeleitenden Eigenschaften kann die entstehende Wärme, die durch den Infrarot-Anteil von Sonnenstrahlen, die von außen in die Beleuchtungseinrichtung einfallen auf das gesamte Bauteil aus der Zone der besonderen Erwärmung (Hotspot) abgeleitet werden, wodurch die partielle starke Erwärmung des Bauteils verhindert wird und damit Schäden am Bauteil zumindest minimiert, vorzugsweise jedoch verhindert werden.Depending on the position of the sun, high-energy sunbeams can strike the light-focusing means of the lighting device at different angles. The sun's rays can be bundled accordingly and hit different components in the lighting device. A converging lens of a projection module of the lighting device is primarily considered as the light-focusing means. But it is also conceivable that a curved or arched Cover plate, especially if it includes optically effective elements, light can have a focusing effect. It would also be conceivable for mirrored components (eg cover frames, tubes, screen elements, etc.) to be shaped, in particular bent or arched, in such a way that they focus incident light rays on dark-colored components of the lighting device. By introducing thermally conductive additives into the plastic material of the dark-colored components and by applying a dark or transparent layer to the plastic material with thermally conductive properties, the heat generated by the infrared portion of the sun's rays that strike the lighting device from outside can be dissipated onto the entire component from the zone of special heating (hotspot), which prevents the partial strong heating of the component and thus at least minimizes, but preferably prevents, damage to the component.

Um zu verhindern, dass die durch die lichtfokussierenden Mittel gebündelten Lichtstrahlen beim Auftreffen auf dunkel eingefärbte Bauteile der Beleuchtungseinrichtung lokal zu hohen Temperaturen in den Bauteilen führen, sind diese Bauteile erfindungsgemäß aus einem Material mit gegenüber dem Kunststoffmaterial verbesserten Wärmeleiteigenschaften gefertigt und das Kunststoffmaterial ist mit einer zusätzlichen Schicht auf seiner Oberfläche versehen, die verbesserte Wärmeleiteigenschaften aufweist. Damit findet trotz der Absorption der Infrarotstrahlung durch die dunkel eingefärbten Bauteil nur eine geringe Erwärmung dieser Bauteile durch einfallende und fokussierte Lichtstrahlen statt, die die entstehende Wärme sogleich an die weiteren Bereiche der Bauteile abgeführt wird. Dadurch kann eine Veränderung oder Beschädigung der Oberfläche der Bauteile, ein Verformen und eine Beschädigung der kompletten Bauteile wirksam verhindert werden. Gleichzeitig sind die betroffenen Bauteile weiterhin dunkel eingefärbt, so dass das äußere Erscheinungsbild der Beleuchtungseinrichtung gegenüber herkömmlichen Beleuchtungseinrichtungen verbesserte Wärmeleitung unverändert bleibt. Auf die Vorsehung von metallischen oder metallisierten Oberflächen zur Ableitung und zum Schutz vor lokaler Erwärmung kann verzichtet werden.In order to prevent the light beams bundled by the light-focusing means from causing local high temperatures in the components when they strike dark-colored components of the lighting device, these components are made, according to the invention, from a material with improved thermal conductivity properties compared to the plastic material, and the plastic material is provided with an additional layer on its surface, which has improved thermal conductivity properties. Despite the absorption of the infrared radiation by the dark-colored components, these components are only slightly heated by incident and focused light rays, which immediately dissipates the heat generated to the other areas of the components. This can change or damage the surface of the components, deformation and damage to the complete components can be effectively prevented. At the same time, the affected components are still colored dark, so that the external appearance of the lighting device remains unchanged compared to conventional lighting devices. The provision of metallic or metalized surfaces for dissipation and protection against local heating can be dispensed with.

Die durch die Licht fokussierenden Mittel gebündelte Infrarotstrahlung der Sonne kann bspw. zumindest auf einen Teil des Abdeckrahmens, eines Tubus und/oder einer Zierleiste treffen. Die entsprechenden Bauteile können dabei zumindest teilweise dunkel gefärbt sein, um bspw. störende Reflexionen zu vermeiden, die durch von aus dem Lichtmodul der Beleuchtungseinrichtung austretendem Licht und/oder Licht anderer Verkehrsteilnehmer und/oder irgendein anderes Fremdlicht verursacht werden.The infrared radiation from the sun bundled by the light-focusing means can, for example, impinge on at least part of the cover frame, a tube and/or a decorative strip. The corresponding components can be at least partially dark in color in order to avoid, for example, disruptive reflections caused by light emerging from the light module of the lighting device and/or light from other road users and/or any other extraneous light.

Weiterhin sind als Kunststoffmaterial auch Duroplaste verwendbar.Thermosetting plastics can also be used as the plastic material.

Die dunkel eingefärbten Bauteile der Beleuchtungseinrichtung sind bevorzugt schwarz oder zumindest annähernd schwarz eingefärbt.The dark-colored components of the lighting device are preferably colored black or at least approximately black.

Gemäß einer erste Ausführungsform sind die Kunststoffbauteile nicht einfach mit einer bestimmten Farbe beschichtet, sondern durchgefärbt. Damit können sich die betroffenen Bauteile farblich praktisch nicht von den herkömmlichen dunklen Bauteilen unterscheiden, die in aus dem Stand der Technik bekannten Beleuchtungseinrichtungen verwendet werden. Darüber hinaus wird eine Oberflächenstruktur der Bauteile nicht verändert. Die Beleuchtungseinrichtung gleicht äußerlich rein optisch den herkömmlichen Beleuchtungseinrichtungen. Dabei sind dem Kunststoffmaterial wärmeleitende Additive, wie z.B. Kohlenstoffnanotubes (CNT), wärmeleitende Oxide (thermal conductive oxide = TCO), Keramik- oder Metallfüllstoffe oder Kombinationen der vorgenannten Additive zugesetzt. Besonders bevorzugt ist hierbei der Einsatz von Kohlenstoffnanotubes, da diese die mechanischen Eigenschaften der eingesetzten Kunststoffe nicht oder nur in geringem Maße verändern. Der Herstellungsprozess der Bauteile kann daher ohne großen Aufwand angepasst werden. Die alternativ eingesetzten Keramik- oder Metallfüllstoffe erhöhen das Gewicht der Bauteile und sind bei der Verarbeitung z.B. im Spritzgießprozess mit einem erhöhten Verschleiß des Werkzeugs verbunden.According to a first embodiment, the plastic components are not simply coated with a specific color, but colored throughout. This means that the affected components cannot differ in terms of color from the conventional dark components that are used in lighting devices known from the prior art. In addition, one Surface structure of the components not changed. The lighting device looks like the conventional lighting devices from the outside. In this case, thermally conductive additives such as carbon nanotubes (CNT), thermally conductive oxides (TCO), ceramic or metal fillers or combinations of the aforementioned additives are added to the plastic material. The use of carbon nanotubes is particularly preferred here, since these do not change the mechanical properties of the plastics used, or do so only to a small extent. The manufacturing process of the components can therefore be adapted without great effort. The alternatively used ceramic or metal fillers increase the weight of the components and are associated with increased tool wear during processing, for example in the injection molding process.

Ferner ist vorgesehen, dass die dunkel eingefärbten Bauteile mit einer wärmeleitenden Schicht auf ihrer durch Strahlung von außen beaufschlagten Seite gefertigt sind. Dabei kann die dunkle Farbe der dunkel gefärbten Bauteile durch Aufbringen einer dunkeln Schicht, die ganz oder partiell vorgesehen werden kann, erreicht werden. Diese ist zur Erzielung der wärmeleitenden Eigenschaften ebenfalls mit wärmeleitende Additive, wie z.B. Kohlenstoffnanotubes (CNT), wärmeleitenden Oxide (thermal conductive oxide, TCO), Keramik- oder Metallfüllstoffe oder Kombinationen der vorgenannten Additive versehen. Die Schicht kann dabei beispielsweise durch Sprühen, Drucken, Rakeln, Sputtern, Beschichten aber auch durch das Aufbringen einer Folie z.B. durch Laminieren vorgesehen werden.Furthermore, it is provided that the dark-colored components are manufactured with a thermally conductive layer on their side exposed to external radiation. The dark color of the dark-colored components can be achieved by applying a dark layer, which can be provided in whole or in part. To achieve the thermally conductive properties, this is also provided with thermally conductive additives, such as carbon nanotubes (CNT), thermally conductive oxides (thermally conductive oxides, TCO), ceramic or metal fillers or combinations of the aforementioned additives. The layer can be provided, for example, by spraying, printing, squeegeeing, sputtering, coating, but also by applying a film, e.g. by lamination.

Alternativ oder zusätzlich zur dunklen Schicht kann auf die dunkel eingefärbten Bauteile auch eine transparente Schicht, die ganz oder partiell vorgesehen werden kann, aufgebracht werden. Diese ist zur Erzielung der wärmeleitenden Eigenschaften ebenfalls mit wärmeleitende Additive, wie z.B. Kohlenstoffnanotubes (CNT), wärmeleitenden Oxide (thermal conductive oxide, TCO), Keramik- oder Metallfüllstoffe oder Kombinationen der vorgenannten Additive versehen. Die Schicht kann dabei beispielsweise durch Sprühen, Drucken, Rakeln, Sputtern, Beschichten aber auch durch das Aufbringen einer Folie z.B. durch Laminieren vorgesehen werden. Besonders bevorzugt handelt es sich um eine dünne Schicht bestehend aus Kohlenstoffnanotubes.Alternatively or in addition to the dark layer, the dark colored components, a transparent layer, which can be provided in whole or in part, can be applied. To achieve the thermally conductive properties, this is also provided with thermally conductive additives, such as carbon nanotubes (CNT), thermally conductive oxides (thermally conductive oxides, TCO), ceramic or metal fillers or combinations of the aforementioned additives. The layer can be provided, for example, by spraying, printing, squeegeeing, sputtering, coating, but also by applying a film, for example by lamination. It is particularly preferably a thin layer consisting of carbon nanotubes.

Vorteilhafterweise umfasst die Lichtquelle mindestens eine Halbleiterlichtquelle, insbesondere eine Leuchtdiode. Die erfindungsgemäße Beleuchtungseinrichtung verhindert wirkungsvoll Beeinträchtigungen an solchen, mit Halbleiterlichtquellen ausgestatteten, Beleuchtungseinrichtungen. Besonders vorteilhaft ist die Erfindung bei Beleuchtungseinrichtungen mit einem Projektionsmodul, da die Projektionsoptik (bspw. die Sammellinse) besonders viel Sonnenlicht einfängt und auf sichtbare (dunkel gefärbte) Bauteile der Beleuchtungseinrichtung bündelt. Durch die Erfindung wird selbst in einem solchen Fall eine Beschädigung oder Zerstörung der Bauteile wirksam verhindert.The light source advantageously comprises at least one semiconductor light source, in particular a light-emitting diode. The lighting device according to the invention effectively prevents impairments of such lighting devices equipped with semiconductor light sources. The invention is particularly advantageous in the case of lighting devices with a projection module, since the projection optics (for example the converging lens) captures a particularly large amount of sunlight and focuses it onto visible (dark-colored) components of the lighting device. Even in such a case, the invention effectively prevents damage to or destruction of the components.

Weitere Merkmale und Vorteile der vorliegenden Erfindung werden nachfolgend anhand der Zeichnung näher erläutert. Dabei zeigt die einzige Figur eine schematische Darstellung einer erfindungsgemäßen Beleuchtungseinrichtung im Längsschnitt.Further features and advantages of the present invention are explained in more detail below with reference to the drawing. The only figure shows a schematic representation of a lighting device according to the invention in longitudinal section.

Eine in der Figur in einem Längsschnitt dargestellte erfindungsgemäße Beleuchtungseinrichtung 5 für Kraftfahrzeuge ist als ein Scheinwerfer ausgebildet. Der Scheinwerfer 5 umfasst ein Gehäuse 17, das vorzugsweise aus Kunststoff gefertigt ist. Im Inneren des Gehäuses 17 ist ein Lichtmodul angeordnet, das in seiner Gesamtheit mit dem Bezugszeichen 7 bezeichnet ist. Die Beleuchtungseinrichtung 5 könnte auch mehrere Lichtmodule umfassen, wobei neben Scheinwerferfunktionen, wie z.B. Abblendlicht, Fernlicht oder Nebellicht, auch Leuchtenfunktionen, wie z.B. Blinklicht, Tagfahrlicht, Positionslicht, etc. in der Beleuchtungseinrichtung 5 integriert sein können.A lighting device 5 for motor vehicles according to the invention shown in a longitudinal section in the figure is designed as a headlight. The headlight 5 includes a housing 17 which is preferably made of plastic. A light module is arranged inside the housing 17 and is denoted by the reference numeral 7 in its entirety. The lighting device 5 could also include several light modules, in which case, in addition to headlight functions such as low beam, high beam or fog light, lighting functions such as turn signals, daytime running lights, position lights, etc. can also be integrated in the lighting device 5 .

Das Lichtmodul 7 weist eine als Reflektor 10 ausgebildete Primäroptik auf, die eine optische Achse 11 aufweist. Der Reflektor 10 weist bevorzugt eine Ellipsoidform oder eine einer Ellipsoidform ähnliche Freiform auf. In einem seiner möglichen Brennpunkte ist eine Lichtquelle 12 angeordnet. Der Reflektor 10 bündelt das von der Lichtquelle 12 ausgesandte Licht. Die in Figur 1 dargestellte Lichtquelle 12 stellt eine Halogenlampe dar. Die Lichtquelle 12 kann aber auch als mindestens eine Halbleiterlichtquelle (z.B. mindestens eine Leuchtdiode, LED) oder als eine Gasentladungslampe ausgebildet sein. Der Reflektor 10 kann aus Kunststoff oder Metall hergestellt sein. Er ist in einer Halterung 14 angeordnet und kann zur Erzeugung einer adaptiven Lichtverteilung horizontal und/oder vertikal verstellbar in dem Gehäuse 17 gelagert sein. In dem dargestellten Beispiel ist die Halterung 14 jedoch fest mit dem Gehäuse 17 der Beleuchtungseinrichtung 5 verbunden.The light module 7 has primary optics designed as a reflector 10 and having an optical axis 11 . The reflector 10 preferably has an ellipsoid shape or a free form similar to an ellipsoid shape. A light source 12 is arranged in one of its possible focal points. The reflector 10 bundles the light emitted by the light source 12 . In the figure 1 The light source 12 shown is a halogen lamp. However, the light source 12 can also be designed as at least one semiconductor light source (for example at least one light-emitting diode, LED) or as a gas discharge lamp. The reflector 10 can be made of plastic or metal. It is arranged in a holder 14 and can be mounted in the housing 17 so that it can be adjusted horizontally and/or vertically in order to generate an adaptive light distribution. In the example shown, however, the holder 14 is firmly connected to the housing 17 of the lighting device 5 .

In einer Lichtaustrittsrichtung 16 nach dem Reflektor 10 und mit Abstand von diesem ist im Strahlengang des von dem Reflektor 10 reflektierten Lichts eine Projektionsoptik in Form einer Sammel- oder Projektionslinse 18 angeordnet. Das Lichtmodul 7 ist also als ein sog. Projektionsmodul ausgebildet, wobei die Projektionslinse 18 zumindest einen Teil des von dem Reflektor 10 gebündelten Lichts zur Erzeugung einer gewünschten Lichtverteilung auf die Fahrbahn vor das Fahrzeug projiziert. Die Projektionslinse 18 ist über einen Halterahmen 20, der vorzugsweise aus Metall gefertigt ist, an einem vorderen Rand des Reflektors 10 und damit an dem restlichen Lichtmodul 7 befestigt. Das Gehäuse 7 weist in Lichtaustrittsrichtung 16 eine Lichtaustrittsöffnung 19 auf, die mit einer lichtdurchlässigen Abdeckscheibe 15 verschlossen ist. Die Abdeckscheibe 15 besteht aus Glas oder Kunststoff und kann mit oder ohne optisch wirksame Elemente, insbesondere Streuelemente, ausgebildet sein.In a light exit direction 16 after the reflector 10 and at a distance from it, in the beam path of the light reflected by the reflector 10, there is a projection optics in Form a converging or projection lens 18 arranged. The light module 7 is therefore designed as a so-called projection module, with the projection lens 18 projecting at least part of the light bundled by the reflector 10 to generate a desired light distribution onto the roadway in front of the vehicle. The projection lens 18 is fastened to a front edge of the reflector 10 and thus to the rest of the light module 7 via a holding frame 20 which is preferably made of metal. The housing 7 has a light exit opening 19 in the light exit direction 16 which is closed with a translucent cover plate 15 . The cover plate 15 consists of glass or plastic and can be designed with or without optically active elements, in particular scattering elements.

Um den Außenumfang des Projektionsmoduls 7, insbesondere entlang des Außenumfangs der Sammellinse 18, ist mindestens ein Abdeckrahmen 22 angeordnet, so dass ein Spalt oder Abstand zwischen dem Lichtmodul 7 und dem Gehäuseinneren abgedeckt und bei einer Sicht von außen durch die Abdeckscheibe 15 in das Innere des Gehäuses 17 nicht sichtbar ist. Der Abdeckrahmen 22 bestimmt durch seine Ausgestaltung (Form, Farbe, Oberflächenbeschaffenheit, etc.) den ästhetischen Eindruck und somit das Design der Beleuchtungseinrichtung 5 ganz erheblich, vor allem bei ausgeschalteter Lichtquelle 12. Er ist aus Kunststoff hergestellt und kann mindestens teilweise dunkel bzw. schwarz eingefärbt sein. Die dunkle Farbe kann bspw. ungewollte und störende Lichtreflexionen verhindern. Im Inneren des Gehäuses 17 der Beleuchtungseinrichtung 5 können auch noch andere dunkel eingefärbte Bauteile aus Kunststoff vorhanden sein, die allerdings in Figur 1 nicht explizit eingezeichnet sind. Es könnte dies bspw. ein die Linsenhalterung 20 umgebender Tubus aus insbesondere dunkel eingefärbtem Kunststoff, eine Zierleiste aus insbesondere dunkel eingefärbtem Kunststoff oder ähnliches sein.At least one cover frame 22 is arranged around the outer circumference of the projection module 7, in particular along the outer circumference of the converging lens 18, so that a gap or spacing between the light module 7 and the interior of the housing is covered and cannot be seen when looking from the outside through the cover pane 15 into the interior of the housing 17. The design (shape, color, surface quality, etc.) of the cover frame 22 determines the aesthetic impression and thus the design of the lighting device 5 to a large extent, especially when the light source 12 is switched off. It is made of plastic and can be colored at least partially dark or black. The dark color can, for example, prevent unwanted and disturbing light reflections. Inside the housing 17 of the lighting device 5, there can also be other dark-colored plastic components, which, however, figure 1 are not explicitly marked. It could be, for example, a die The tube surrounding the lens holder 20 may be made of, in particular, dark-colored plastic, a decorative strip made of, in particular, dark-colored plastic, or the like.

Im Innern des Projektionsmoduls 7 kann eine Blendenanordnung 24 vorgesehen sein, die zur Erzeugung einer abgeblendeten Lichtverteilung, z.B. einem Abblendlicht oder einem Nebellicht, dient. Dabei wird eine Oberkante der Blende 24 durch die Sammellinse 18 als Helldunkelgrenze auf die Fahrbahn vor das Fahrzeug projiziert. Die Blende 24 schattet vom Reflektor 10 reflektiertes Licht ab, das in der Lichtverteilung sonst in einen Bereich oberhalb der Helldunkelgrenze gelangen würde. Die Blendenanordnung 24 kann in den Strahlengang des Lichts hinein- und herausbewegt werden. Auf diese Weise kann die Lichtverteilung zwischen Abblendlicht und Fernlicht umgeschaltet werden.A diaphragm arrangement 24 can be provided inside the projection module 7, which is used to generate a shielded light distribution, e.g. a low beam or a fog light. In this case, an upper edge of the screen 24 is projected through the converging lens 18 as a light-dark boundary onto the roadway in front of the vehicle. The screen 24 shades off light reflected by the reflector 10, which would otherwise reach an area above the light-dark boundary in the light distribution. The aperture assembly 24 can be moved in and out of the light path. In this way, the light distribution can be switched between low beam and high beam.

Je nach einer Stellung der Sonne relativ zur Lichtaustrittsöffnung 19 der Beleuchtungseinrichtung 5 können sowohl bei fahrendem als auch bei stehendem Kraftfahrzeug Sonnenstrahlen 26, die unter anderem energiereiche Infrarotstrahlung aufweisen, in unterschiedlichen Winkeln durch die Abdeckscheibe 15 in das Innere des Gehäuses 17 fallen. Dort können die Sonnenstrahlen 26 auf Licht fokussierende Mittel, z.B. in Form der Sammellinse 18, treffen. Eine oben weit nach hinten über die Sammellinse 18 gezogene Abdeckscheibe 15, wie sie häufig bei modernen Kraftfahrzeugen mit flachen, windschlüpfrigen Fronten vorhanden sind, begünstigt diesen Effekt noch. Bei einer entsprechenden Ausgestaltung der Abdeckscheibe 15, bspw. mit einer entsprechenden Wölbung und/oder optisch wirksamen Elementen, kann sogar die Abdeckscheibe 15 selbst als Licht fokussierende Mittel fungieren.Depending on the position of the sun relative to the light exit opening 19 of the lighting device 5, the sun's rays 26, which include high-energy infrared radiation, can fall through the cover pane 15 into the interior of the housing 17 at different angles, both when the motor vehicle is moving and stationary. There, the sun's rays 26 can hit light-focusing means, for example in the form of the converging lens 18 . A covering pane 15 pulled far back over the converging lens 18 at the top, as is often the case in modern motor vehicles with flat, streamlined fronts, further promotes this effect. With a corresponding configuration of the cover plate 15, for example with a corresponding curvature and/or optically active elements, the cover plate 15 itself can even be used as a light-focusing means act.

Infrarotstrahlung ist definiert als eine elektromagnetische Strahlung, die an das sichtbare Licht mit größer werdenden Wellenlängen angrenzt, also bei einer Wellenlänge von ca. 780 nm beginnt und bis etwa 14000 nm geht. Durch Absorption von IR-Strahlung durch einen Körper heizt sich dieser auf. Die Sonnenstrahlen 19 werden in den Licht fokussierenden Mitteln 10; 15; 18 gebündelt und können dann auf die in der Beleuchtungsanordnung 5 angeordneten Bauteile 22 aus z. B. dunkel eingefärbtem Kunststoff treffen. Wenn die Sonne so steht, dass die Sonnenstrahlen durch die Licht fokussierenden Mittel 10; 15; 18 auf den z. B. dunkel eingefärbten Kunststoffteilen 22 fokussiert werden, trifft eine relativ große Energiemenge in einem räumlich eng begrenzten Bereich auf die Kunststoffteile 22. Ein sogenannter Hotspot 28 entsteht. Damit diese Energie in dem Kunststoffteil 22 nicht zu lokalen Erwärmungen und in der Folge zu einer Veränderung der Oberfläche, Beschädigung oder gar Zerstörung des Kunststoffteils 22 führt, schlägt die vorliegende Erfindung vor, das dunkle Kunststoffteil 22 zumindest bereichsweise aus einem Kunststoff mit wärmeleitenden Additiven und mit einer wärmeleitenden Schicht auf ihrer durch Strahlung von außen beaufschlagten Seite zu fertigen, wobei die Schicht zumindest bereichsweise eine dunkle Schicht umfassend wärmeleitende Additive und/oder zumindest bereichsweise eine transparente Schicht umfassend wärmeleitende Additive ist.Infrared radiation is defined as electromagnetic radiation that borders on visible light with increasing wavelengths, i.e. starting at a wavelength of around 780 nm and going up to around 14000 nm. Absorption of IR radiation by a body causes it to heat up. The sun's rays 19 are focused in the light means 10; 15; 18 bundled and can then on the arranged in the lighting assembly 5 components 22 from z. B. dark colored plastic. When the sun is so that the sun's rays through the light focusing means 10; 15; 18 on the z. B. dark-colored plastic parts 22 are focused, a relatively large amount of energy hits the plastic parts 22 in a spatially limited area. A so-called hotspot 28 arises. So that this energy does not lead to local heating in the plastic part 22 and consequently to a change in the surface, damage or even destruction of the plastic part 22, the present invention proposes that the dark plastic part 22 be manufactured at least in areas from a plastic with heat-conducting additives and with a heat-conducting layer on the side exposed to radiation from the outside, the layer being at least in areas a dark layer comprising heat-conducting additives and/or at least in areas a transparent layer comprising heat-conducting additives.

Die Infrarot-Strahlung der Sonne trifft dabei auf das Kunststoffteil 22 auf, welches aufgrund seiner eigenen wärmeleitenden Eigenschaften und die wärmeleitenden Eigenschaften der zusätzlich auf ihm angebrachten dunklen oder transparenten Schicht, die punktuelle Erwärmung 28 auf das gesamte Bauteil 22 und so über eine größere Fläche bzw. ein größeres Volumen verteilt, so dass die Wärmebelastung der Stelle 28, auf den das Sonnenlicht fokussiert wird, ausreichend niedrig gehalten werden kann. Es kommt allenfalls zu einer geringfügigen Erwärmung des Bauteils 22, eine Beschädigung des Bauteils 22 durch die absorbierte IR-Strahlung ist jedoch praktisch ausgeschlossen. Hierzu ist besonders die Verwendung von Kohlenstoffnanotubes bevorzugt. Diese können entweder als Additive unmittelbar im Kunststoff eingesetzt werden oder in einer dunklen oder transparenten Schicht auf dem Kunststoffteil angebracht werden. Der Einsatz von Kohlenstoffnanotubes ist besonders bevorzugt, da diese die mechanischen und Verarbeitungseigenschaften des Kunststoffs nur geringfügig verändern.The infrared radiation from the sun hits the plastic part 22, which due to its own thermally conductive properties and the thermally conductive properties of the dark or transparent layer additionally applied to it, distributes the selective heating 28 to the entire component 22 and thus over a larger area or a larger volume, so that the heat load on the point 28 on which the sunlight is focused can be kept sufficiently low. At most, the component 22 heats up slightly, but damage to the component 22 by the absorbed IR radiation is practically impossible. For this purpose, the use of carbon nanotubes is particularly preferred. These can either be used directly in the plastic as additives or applied to the plastic part in a dark or transparent layer. The use of carbon nanotubes is particularly preferred, since these change the mechanical and processing properties of the plastic only slightly.

Dabei sind folgende Varianten denkbar: Grundsätzlich kann der ganze Abdeckrahmen (ADR) aus kohlenstoffnanotubeshaltigem Kunststoff oder TCO-haltigem Kunststoff bestehen.The following variants are conceivable: In principle, the entire cover frame (ADR) can consist of plastic containing carbon nanotubes or plastic containing TCO.

Alternativ kann der Abdeckrahmen auch lediglich abschnittsweise aus einem entsprechenden Kunststoff gebildet sein, wobei der Abdeckrahmen direkt bei der Herstellung als Zweikomponenten-Bauteil hergestellt ist und eine der Komponenten aus einem entsprechenden Kunststoff besteht.Alternatively, the cover frame can also only be formed in sections from a corresponding plastic, with the cover frame being produced directly during production as a two-component part and one of the components being made of a corresponding plastic.

Weiterhin alternativ kann der kritische Bereich aus einem Kunststoff gefertigt sein, der TCOs oder Kohlenstoffnanotubes enthält und dieses weitere Teil in eine Öffnung des Abdeckrahmens zum Beispiel einklipsbar sind.Furthermore, as an alternative, the critical area can be made of a plastic that contains TCOs or carbon nanotubes, and this further part can be clipped into an opening in the cover frame, for example.

Schließlich kann als weitere Möglichkeit vorgesehen sein, das Bauteil oder Bereiche des Bauteils mit einer TCOs oder Kohlenstoffnanotubes enthaltenen Beschichtung zu versehen.Finally, as a further possibility, provision can be made for the component or areas of the component to be provided with a coating containing TCOs or carbon nanotubes.

Claims (9)

  1. Lighting device (5) of a motor vehicle, the lighting device (5) having means (10, 15, 18) for focusing light of the lighting device, and having dark-colored components (22) which are made of plastics material and are arranged in the lighting device (5), characterized in that the dark-colored components (22) comprise a cover frame (22) and are produced, at least in regions, from a plastics material having thermally conductive additives, specifically carbon nanotubes (CNT), thermally conductive oxides (TCO), ceramic or metal fillers or combinations thereof, and are produced having a thermally conductive layer on their side exposed to radiation from the outside, the layer being, at least in regions, a dark layer comprising thermally conductive additives, specifically carbon nanotubes (CNT), thermally conductive oxides (TCO), ceramic fillers or combinations thereof, and/or being, at least in regions, a transparent layer comprising thermally conductive additives, specifically carbon nanotubes (CNT), thermally conductive oxides (TCO), ceramic or metal fillers or combinations thereof.
  2. Lighting device (5) according to claim 1, characterized in that the plastics material of the dark-colored components (22) is a thermoplastic or a thermoset, in particular having color pigments.
  3. Lighting device (5) according to either claim 1 or claim 2, characterized in that the dark-colored components also comprise a tube and/or a decorative strip of the lighting device (5).
  4. Lighting device (5) according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the dark layer, which is applied, at least in regions, to the plastics material of the dark-colored components (22) and comprises thermally conductive additives, also comprises metal fillers.
  5. Lighting device (5) according to any of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the dark or transparent layer is applied by printing, spraying, blade coating, sputtering or by applying a film to the plastics material of the dark-colored components (22).
  6. Lighting device (5) according to any of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that the thermoplastic material is designed as a polycarbonate.
  7. Lighting device (5) according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the lighting device (5) comprises a light module (7) having a light source (12) and a projection optics (18).
  8. Lighting device (5) according to claim 7, characterized in that the light source (12) comprises at least one semiconductor light source, in particular a light-emitting diode.
  9. Lighting device (5) according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the light-focusing means comprise a projection lens (18), a reflector (10) and/or a bent or curved cover disk (15) of the lighting device (7) .
EP13171950.2A 2012-06-14 2013-06-14 Illumination device of a motor vehicle Active EP2674666B1 (en)

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