EP2671035B1 - Method for controlling a protective gas atmosphere in a protective gas chamber for the treatment of a metal strip - Google Patents
Method for controlling a protective gas atmosphere in a protective gas chamber for the treatment of a metal strip Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2671035B1 EP2671035B1 EP12715806.1A EP12715806A EP2671035B1 EP 2671035 B1 EP2671035 B1 EP 2671035B1 EP 12715806 A EP12715806 A EP 12715806A EP 2671035 B1 EP2671035 B1 EP 2671035B1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- chamber
- protective gas
- seal
- pressure
- gas
- Prior art date
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- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 title claims description 97
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 27
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 25
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims description 25
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 56
- 238000013178 mathematical model Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 188
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 15
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 12
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000011217 control strategy Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910000976 Electrical steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005246 galvanizing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000611 Zinc aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- HXFVOUUOTHJFPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane;zinc Chemical compound [AlH3].[Zn] HXFVOUUOTHJFPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000975 Carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010962 carbon steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000806 elastomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002681 hypalon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010583 slow cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B21/00—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
- F26B21/003—Supply-air or gas filters
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/52—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for wires; for strips ; for rods of unlimited length
- C21D9/54—Furnaces for treating strips or wire
- C21D9/56—Continuous furnaces for strip or wire
- C21D9/561—Continuous furnaces for strip or wire with a controlled atmosphere or vacuum
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/52—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for wires; for strips ; for rods of unlimited length
- C21D9/54—Furnaces for treating strips or wire
- C21D9/56—Continuous furnaces for strip or wire
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/52—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for wires; for strips ; for rods of unlimited length
- C21D9/54—Furnaces for treating strips or wire
- C21D9/56—Continuous furnaces for strip or wire
- C21D9/562—Details
- C21D9/565—Sealing arrangements
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
- F27B9/28—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity for treating continuous lengths of work
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
- F27B9/30—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to furnaces of these types
- F27B9/40—Arrangements of controlling or monitoring devices
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/74—Methods of treatment in inert gas, controlled atmosphere, vacuum or pulverulent material
Definitions
- the subject of this invention is a method for controlling the atmosphere in a protective gas chamber for the continuous treatment of metal strips, wherein the metal strip is guided via locks in and out of the protective gas chamber and wherein at least one of the locks has two or more sealing elements for the passing metal strip, so that forms at least one sealing chamber between the sealing elements.
- the tape is protected against oxidation by using a reducing atmosphere of a nitrogen-hydrogen mixture.
- the hydrogen content in the whole furnace is kept below 5%.
- the furnace must be sealed against the environment and against other aggregates by appropriate locks.
- single seals are used, which are formed by a pair of metallic sealing rolls, or a pair of sealing flaps, or a combination of a sealing flap and a sealing roll.
- the metal strip is then fed through the nip / flap gap into the furnace.
- double seals with nitrogen injection.
- This is a double pair of metal sealing rolls or a double pair of flaps, or a double sealing flap-type sealing roll device or a combination of two sealing devices mentioned above, with nitrogen being injected into the space between the two sealing devices.
- the nitrogen is introduced at a fixed or adjustable by the operator flow rate. There is no automatic regulation of the flow rate in relation to the process parameters.
- Such sealing locks are used, for example, in continuous annealing plants and in continuous galvanizing plants in order to achieve a separation between the furnace atmosphere and the outside area (inlet seals or spout nozzle seal) and between two different combustion chambers. In this case, for example, a combustion chamber with direct firing and the second combustion chamber can be heated by means of jet blasting.
- gaskets provide satisfactory results when gas flow through the airlock in a particular direction must be avoided, but with relatively high gas flow in the opposite direction.
- the flow of combustion products from a direct firing furnace into a blast furnace heated furnace is prohibited, but larger amounts of gas may flow through in the opposite direction.
- a discharge of exhaust gases from the directly fired furnace is prohibited to the outside, but a certain air flow from the environment is allowed in the oven.
- furnace chambers fired with lance tubes avoid the entry of air, allowing a certain amount of inert gas to escape from the furnace into the environment. The same applies to the trunk area when the zinc pot is removed.
- the gas flow rate between two furnace chambers through conventional gates will be in one direction at zero and in the opposite direction in the range of 200 to 1000 Nm 3 / h.
- Such flow rates are only achieved if the pressure in both furnace chambers can be controlled within a certain tolerance. But if in one of the two furnace chambers, the pressure fluctuates outside this tolerance, the lock is no longer effective.
- the simple seals do not cope satisfactorily with the pressure fluctuations occurring under changing operating conditions.
- the chemical composition of the atmosphere gas can not be controlled precisely because unavoidable pressure fluctuations in both chambers would cause an alternating atmosphere gas flow in one direction or the other.
- a conventional double seal with injection of a constant amount of nitrogen is also sensitive to the pressure fluctuations in the combustion chambers.
- the chemical composition of the atmosphere gas in the combustion chambers can not be controlled precisely because the injected nitrogen flows alternately into one chamber, or into the other chamber, or into both chambers, depending on the pressure conditions.
- these conventional sealing systems do not adequately separate the atmosphere gas and sometimes result in a substantial increase in the atmosphere gas consumption.
- the JP 8 003652 A discloses a method for controlling the atmosphere of a preheating furnace of an annealing line by means of a sealing chamber.
- the pressure in the furnace and in the sealing chamber is measured and the pressure in the sealing chamber is regulated so that it is always higher than the pressure in the furnace. This prevents gas from flowing out of the furnace, so that no water vapor contained in the furnace gas can condense on the seals and drip onto the metal strip.
- the inlet seal usually consists of a pair of sealing rolls of metal and a series of curtains.
- the atmospheric separation within the furnace is normally through a simple opening in a chamotte wall and the exit seal is either soft coated rolls (hypalon or elastomer) or refractory fibers.
- Such a sealing system has the disadvantage that in the inlet seal a permanent leakage of hydrogen-containing atmosphere gas through the nip (1 to 2 mm) takes place. This gas is constantly burning.
- the inner seal leads to a poor separation performance due to the opening size (100 to 150 mm) and the outlet seal can not be used at high temperature> 200 ° C.
- the object of the invention is to provide a control method for the control of the gas flow through the lock, which ensures a high degree of atmospheric gas separation and reduces the atmospheric gas consumption
- This object is achieved by a control method in which the gas pressure in at least one protective gas chamber and in the sealing chamber of the lock is measured and in which the pressure in the sealing chamber is controlled in such a way that during operation of the differential pressure (.DELTA.P seal ) between the protective gas chamber and the sealing chamber is maintained as much as possible above or below a predetermined value for the critical differential pressure ( ⁇ P seal, k ).
- the critical differential pressure ( ⁇ P seal, k ) is the value at which the gas flow between protective gas chamber and lock reverses. At the critical differential pressure ( ⁇ P seal, k ), no gas flow should therefore take place between the protective gas chamber and the sealing chamber.
- the critical differential pressure ( ⁇ P seal, k ) need not necessarily have the value zero, although at this value, the pressures in the protective gas chamber and in the seal chamber would be the same, but it can still lead to a gas flow between these chambers, as the metal strip transported on its surface a certain amount of gas.
- the predetermined value for the critical differential pressure ( ⁇ P seal, k ) is calculated using a mathematical model, which preferably takes into account the speed of the metal strip, the gap opening of the two sealing elements, the properties of the protective gas and the thickness of the metal strip. Due to the small volume of the sealing chamber, the pressure in this chamber can be controlled quickly and precisely by injecting or removing a small amount of gas.
- the differential pressure ( ⁇ P seal ) Due to the precise pressure regulation in the sealing chamber, the differential pressure ( ⁇ P seal ) according to the invention is kept close to the value for the critical differential pressure ( ⁇ P seal, k ). As a result, the flow rate of the atmosphere gas into or out of the protective gas chamber is reduced to a minimum. It is advantageous if the set differential pressure (.DELTA.P seal, k ) is maintained at a constant distance from the critical differential pressure (.DELTA.P seal, k ), but the distance should be kept as small as possible. Typically, the critical differential pressure ( ⁇ P seal, k ) is between 0 and 100 Pa, and the distance between the set and critical differential pressures is between 5 and 20 Pa.
- This method allows a high separation efficiency of the atmospheres between Schutzgaskammem at relatively low shielding gas consumption (from 10 to 200 Nm 3 / h). It also allows a good separation of the protective gas chamber from the environment.
- the pressure in the seal chamber can be controlled either by a control valve and a gas supply or by a control valve and a vacuum source.
- the vacuum source may be, for example, a suction fan, a fireplace or the environment.
- the inventive method is particularly well suited for NGO silicon steel lines.
- a 95% H 2 atmosphere in a chamber must be separated from a 10% H 2 atmosphere in a second chamber, with hydrogen consumption through the lock being less than 50 Nm 3 / h.
- the process is well suited for rapid cooling in continuous annealing lines or galvanizing lines for carbon steel.
- an atmosphere with 30 must - 80% H 2 are separated from an atmosphere containing 5% H 2, wherein the hydrogen consumption should be less than through the lock 100 Nm 3 / h.
- the transfer of zinc dust from the trunk into the furnace can also be minimized in galvanizing lines, particularly in systems for zinc-aluminum coating of metal strips.
- the lock according to the invention is arranged between the protective gas chamber and a further treatment chamber with a protective gas atmosphere.
- the metal strip can either be passed first through the further treatment chamber and then through the protective gas chamber, or it can first be passed through the protective gas chamber and then through the further treatment chamber.
- FIG. 1 are the secondary chamber 1 and the protective gas chamber 2 darg Horwitz with the intervening lock 4.
- the lock 4 consists of a first sealing element 5 and of a second sealing element 6, between them is the sealing chamber 7.
- compositions of the protective gas (N 2 content, H 2 content, dew point) in the two chambers 1 and 2 and the respective pressure P1 and P2 in the chambers 1 and 2 are controlled by two separate mixing stations. This control of the mixing stations is done by conventional controls. Ie the chemical
- the composition of the protective gas atmosphere is controlled by adjusting the N 2 , H 2 , and the H 2 O content in the injected atmosphere gas and the pressure control is carried out by adjusting the flow rate of the injected into the chambers 1, 2 atmosphere gas.
- the atmosphere gas is discharged through fixed or adjustable openings from the chambers 1, 2.
- the sealing elements 5 and 6 can each be formed by two rollers or two flaps or a roller and a flap, between which the metal strip 3 is passed.
- the gap between the rollers or flaps is defined taking into account the properties (chemical composition, temperature) of the atmosphere gas in chamber 1 (or 2) and the strip thickness. It can be fixed or adjustable, depending on the variation in the properties of the atmosphere gas and the band dimensions. If the gap is adjustable, it is preset according to strip thickness, chemical composition of the atmosphere gas and according to the strip temperature.
- the size of the opening in the sealing elements 5 and 6 is dependent on the gap, the band dimensions (width, thickness), as well as the remaining construction-related openings. In order to achieve a good sealing performance, the opening in the sealing elements 5, 6 must be correspondingly small.
- the pressure P D in the sealing chamber 7 between the two sealing elements 5, 6 can be adjusted by the control valve 10.
- the control valve 10 regulates the flow rate of the injected or discharged into the seal chamber 7 gas.
- the control valve 10 is connected to a gas supply 8, the pressure control in the seal chamber 7 is thus effected via a control of the gas supply into the seal chamber. 7
- the chamber pressures P1 and P2 are controlled by two independent pressure control circuits.
- the pressure P D in the seal chamber 7 and in the protective gas chamber 2 is measured.
- the pressure P D is kept close to the pressure P2 in the protective gas chamber 2.
- the ⁇ P seal is set with P D - P2.
- the pressure P D is controlled so that ⁇ P seal remains largely constant, even if the pressure P2 varies.
- the aim is to prevent the entry of atmospheric gas through the lock 4 into the protective gas chamber 2, so that the chemical composition in this chamber can be regulated.
- the aim is also to minimize the escape of atmospheric gas from the protective gas chamber 2, so that the gas consumption of the protective gas chamber 2 can be minimized.
- FIG. 2 shows the pressure curve in the chambers 1, 2, and7.
- the pressure P1 in the sub-chamber 1 is set lower than the pressure P2 in the protective gas chamber 2, while the pressure in the sealing chamber P D is set between P1 and P2 but only slightly lower than the pressure P2 in the protective gas chamber 2.
- ⁇ P seal is negative here.
- the flow rate F2 of the atmosphere gas into or out of the protective gas chamber 2 is regulated by the differential pressure ⁇ P seal .
- ⁇ P seal is kept below the value for the critical differential pressure ⁇ P seal k , no atmosphere gas enters the protective gas chamber 2.
- the flow rate F D is determined by the pressure control loop for control of ⁇ P seal , while the flow rate F1 results from F2 + F D.
- This control strategy is suitable for applications in which the chemical composition in the protective gas chamber 2 must be optimally controlled.
- this strategy can be used well in continuous annealing plants (CAL) and in continuous high-G 2 galvanizing plants (CGL).
- the chamber with the high H 2 content forms the aforementioned protective gas chamber 2.
- This control strategy is also suitable for the warm-up, dip and radiant tube cooling chambers with high H 2 content in the electrical steel heat treatment. Again, the chamber with the high H 2 content forms the chamber 2.
- the aim is to prevent leakage of atmosphere gas from the protective gas chamber 2, so that the secondary chamber 1 is not contaminated by a component from the protective gas chamber 2.
- the entry of atmospheric gas into the protective gas chamber 2 should also be minimized.
- FIG. 3 shows the pressure curve in the chambers 1, 2 and 7, wherein the pressure P1 in the secondary chamber 1 is set to be lower than the pressure P2 in the protective gas chamber 2.
- the pressure P D in the seal chamber 7 is set higher than P1 and P2, but only slightly higher than the pressure P2 in the protective gas chamber 2.
- ⁇ P seal is positive here.
- the flow rate F2 of the atmosphere gas into or out of chamber 2 is regulated via the ⁇ P seal value.
- ⁇ P seal is kept above the value for the (calculated) critical differential pressure ⁇ P seal k , no atmosphere gas escapes from the protective gas chamber 2.
- ⁇ P seal k By regulating ⁇ P seal as close as possible to the value ⁇ P seal k , the flow rate F2 of the chamber 2 flowing in chamber 2 Atmospheric gases are minimized.
- the flow rate F D is determined by the pressure control loop for control of ⁇ P seal , while the flow rate F1 from F D - F2 results.
- This control strategy is suitable for applications in which no atmosphere gas may escape from the protective gas chamber 2 and in which the protective gas chamber 2 may not be contaminated by atmospheric gas from the secondary chamber 1.
- it can be used to control the input or output shunt in FAL, CAL and CGL.
- the furnace also forms the protective gas chamber 2. It is also suitable for lock control in zinc-aluminum coating processes (the trunk forms the protective gas chamber 2) or for processes with chambers with different dew points. The chamber with the high dew point then forms the protective gas chamber 2.
- FIG. 4 Now, a variant is shown, in which the sealing chamber 7 is connected to a vacuum source 9. In FIG. 4 takes place in contrast to Fig.1 the regulation of the gas pressure in the sealing chamber 7 via a gas discharge F D.
- the pressure P D in the sealing chamber 7 is continuously adjusted.
- the flow rate F D of the outflowing gas is controlled by a control valve 10, wherein the Unterduck is generated by means of a suction fan or by the natural chimney draft.
- the metal strip runs out of the protective gas chamber 2 into the lock 4.
- the control strategy does not depend on the direction of strip travel.
- the pressure in the seal chamber P D is controlled so that ⁇ P seal remains as constant as possible, even if the pressure P2 varies in the protective gas chamber 2.
- the aim is to avoid leakage of atmosphere gas from the protective gas chamber 2, so that the secondary chamber 1 is not contaminated by a component from the protective gas chamber 2, but also to minimize the entry of atmospheric gas into the protective gas chamber 2, so that the chemical composition in the protective gas chamber 2 can be regulated.
- FIG. 5 shows the pressure curve in the chambers 1, 2 and 7 for a lock 4 according to Fig. 4 ,
- the pressure P1 in the sub chamber 1 is set to be higher than the pressure P2 in the protective gas chamber 2.
- the pressure P D in the seal chamber 7 is set between P1 and P2, but only slightly higher than the pressure P2 in the protective gas chamber 2.
- the flow rate F2 of the atmosphere gas into or out of chamber 2 is regulated via the ⁇ P seal value.
- ⁇ P seal is kept above the critical value for the differential pressure ⁇ P seal, k , no atmosphere gas escapes from the protective gas chamber 2. If the size ⁇ P seal is controlled as close as possible to the value ⁇ P seal k , then the flow rate F2 of the atmospheric gas flowing into the protective gas chamber 2 can be minimized.
- the flow rate F D is determined by the pressure control loop for control of ⁇ P seal , while the flow rate F1 is F2 + F D.
- This control strategy is suitable for installations in which no atmosphere gas is allowed to escape from the protective gas chamber 2 and in which the inflow into the protective gas chamber 2 must be minimized.
- the applications are the same as the applications for Fig. 3 However, in the case that the pressure P2 in the protective gas chamber 2 is lower than in the auxiliary chamber. 1
- the aim is to avoid the entry of atmosphere gas into the protective gas chamber 2 (so that the chemical composition in the protective gas chamber 2 can be controlled), but also to minimize the escape of atmospheric gas from the protective gas chamber 2 (so as to minimize the gas consumption of the protective gas chamber 2) can).
- FIG. 6 shows the pressure curve in the chambers 1, 2 and 7.
- the pressure P1 in the secondary chamber 1 is set higher than the pressure P2 in the protective gas chamber 2, while the pressure P D in the sealing chamber 7 is less than P1 and P2, but only slightly lower as the pressure P2 in the protective gas chamber 2, is set.
- ⁇ P seal is negative here.
- the flow rate F2 of the atmosphere gas into or out of chamber 2 is regulated via the ⁇ P seal value.
- This control strategy is well suited if the chemical composition in the protective gas chamber 2 must be optimally controlled, but the outflow of atmospheric gas from the protective gas chamber 2 must be minimized or if the chemical composition in both chambers 1, 2 must be optimally controlled.
- the mathematical model is based on a formula that represents the relationship between the parameters. The calculation requires little computational effort and can therefore be integrated into furnace controls.
- the parameters of the mathematical model are tuned by means of computer-controlled simulation software in offline mode.
- This critical value ⁇ P seal, k serves as a reference for the pressure regulation in the seal chamber 7.
- the setpoint for the differential pressure ⁇ P seal is based on the calculated critical differential pressure ⁇ P seal, k , as described in the examples above. If the differential pressure ⁇ P seal is higher than this critical value ⁇ P seal, k , then the atmosphere gas flows out of the seal chamber 7 into the protective gas chamber 2. It is important to take into account the respective signs of the differential pressures ⁇ P seal and ⁇ P seal, k , "Higher” or “above” is synonymous with the phrase "further in the positive number range" lying.
- differential pressure .DELTA.P seal lies below the value for the critical differential pressure .DELTA.P seal, k , the atmosphere gas flows out of the protective gas chamber 2 into the seal chamber 7.
- the differential pressure ⁇ P seal can also be negative (eg in Fig. 2 and Fig. 6 ).
- the remark that the differential pressure ⁇ P seal is below the value for the critical differential pressure ⁇ P seal, k is then to be understood as meaning the value for the differential pressure ⁇ P seal continues to be negative than the critical differential pressure ⁇ P seal, k .
- the mathematical model is used on the one hand for the calculation of the gap to be set of the two sealing elements 5, 6 taking into account the properties of the atmosphere gas and the strip thickness. On the other hand, it is used for the calculation of the value for the critical differential pressure ⁇ P seal, k between the seal chamber 7 and the protective gas chamber 2. With the aid of the calculated critical differential pressure ⁇ P seal, k , the differential pressure ⁇ P seal (nominal value) to be set is then determined.
- the adjustment parameters calculated with the mathematical model form the setpoint values for the control of the lock.
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- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
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- Heat Treatment Of Strip Materials And Filament Materials (AREA)
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Description
Den Gegenstand dieser Erfindung bildet ein Verfahren zum Kontrollieren der Atmosphäre in einer Schutzgaskammer zur kontinuierlichen Behandlung von Metallbändern, wobei das Metallband über Schleusen in und aus der Schutzgaskammer geführt wird und wobei zumindest eine der Schleusen zwei oder mehrere Dichtungselemente für das hindurchlaufende Metallband aufweist, sodass sich zwischen den Dichtungselementen zumindest eine Dichtungskammer bildet.The subject of this invention is a method for controlling the atmosphere in a protective gas chamber for the continuous treatment of metal strips, wherein the metal strip is guided via locks in and out of the protective gas chamber and wherein at least one of the locks has two or more sealing elements for the passing metal strip, so that forms at least one sealing chamber between the sealing elements.
In kontinuierlich arbeitenden Wärmebehandlungsöfen für Flachmaterial wird das Band gegen Oxidation geschützt, indem eine reduzierende Atmosphäre aus einem Stickstoff-Wasserstoff-Gemisch verwendet wird. Üblicherweise wird der Wasserstoffgehalt im ganzen Ofen unter 5 % gehalten.In continuous flat heat treatment furnaces, the tape is protected against oxidation by using a reducing atmosphere of a nitrogen-hydrogen mixture. Usually, the hydrogen content in the whole furnace is kept below 5%.
Die Stahlindustrie verlangt nun aber auch immer mehr nach Ofenanlagen, die mit zwei verschiedenen Schutzgasatmosphären betrieben werden können. Beispielsweise wird bei der Herstellung von hochfesten Stahlgüten im Schnellabkühlungsbereich (jet cooling section) ein hoher Wasserstoffgehalt (15 bis 80 % H2) im) und im restlichen Ofenbereich ein niedriger Wasserstoffgehalt (<5 % H2) gefordert.However, the steel industry is also increasingly demanding furnace systems that can be operated with two different inert gas atmospheres. For example, in the production of high-strength steel grades in the rapid cooling section (jet cooling section), a high hydrogen content (15 to 80% H 2) is required and in the remaining furnace section a low hydrogen content (<5% H 2).
Bei der die Herstellung von Elektrostahl werden in den Aufwärm-, Tauch- und Langsamkühlbereichen ein hoher Wasserstoffgehalt (50 bis 100%) und im restlichen Ofenbereich ein mittlerer Wasserstoffgehalt (0 bis 70% H2) gefordert.In the production of electrical steel, a high hydrogen content (50 to 100%) is required in the warm-up, immersion and slow-cooling ranges, and an average hydrogen content (0 to 70% H2) in the remaining furnace area.
Diese einzelnen Ofenbereiche müssen durch entsprechende Schleusen voneinander getrennt werden und zwar so, dass das zu behandelnde Metallband die einzelnen Ofenbereiche mit den jeweiligen Gasatmosphären durchlaufen kann, ohne dass dabei zuviel Gas durch die Schleusen entweichen kann.These individual furnace areas must be separated from each other by appropriate locks and in such a way that the metal strip to be treated can pass through the individual furnace areas with the respective gas atmospheres, without causing too much gas to escape through the locks.
Außerdem muss der Ofen gegenüber der Umgebung und gegenüber weiteren Aggregaten durch entsprechende Schleusen abgedichtet werden.In addition, the furnace must be sealed against the environment and against other aggregates by appropriate locks.
Der Gasfluss zwischen unterschiedlichen Ofenkammern bzw. zwischen einer Ofenkammer und der Umgebung wird durch folgende Faktoren verursacht:
- a.) Unausgeglichenheit der Atmosphärengasströme (Einlauf/Auslauf): Die in eine bestimmte Kammer eingedüste Gasmenge entspricht nicht der von derselben Kammer entnommenen Gasmenge, weshalb die Differenzmenge in die Nebenkammer oder ins Freie strömt.
- b.) Konvektionswirkung auf Grund der Temperaturunterschiede zwischen zwei Kammern (in Vertikalöfen): Das leichteste (heißeste) Gas strömt nach oben und das schwerste (kälteste) Gas strömt nach unten, wodurch ein Atmosphärengas-Kreislauf in den Kammern geschaffen wird.
- c.) Ausdehnung oder Zusammenziehen des Atmosphärengases infolge von Temperaturschwankungen im Gas: Die Temperaturschwankungen entstehen durch den Prozess selbst (Änderung der Ofentemperatur, Änderung der Betriebsgeschwindigkeit der Linie, Ein-/Ausschalten eines Umwälzventilators, usw. ...) und sind unvermeidbar.
- d.) Bandbewegung: Wegen der Viskosität des Gases strömt das Gas in Bandnähe auch in Bandlaufrichtung. Daher wird eine gewisse Gasmenge mit dem Band von einer Kammer in die Nächste mitgezogen.
- a.) Imbalance of the atmosphere gas flows (inlet / outlet): The quantity of gas injected into a certain chamber does not correspond to the quantity of gas taken from the same chamber, for which reason the difference flows into the secondary chamber or into the open air.
- b.) Convection effect due to temperature differences between two chambers (in vertical ovens): The lightest (hottest) gas flows upwards and the heaviest (coldest) gas flows down, creating an atmosphere gas cycle in the chambers.
- c.) Expansion or contraction of the atmosphere gas due to temperature fluctuations in the gas: The temperature fluctuations are caused by the process itself (change of the furnace temperature, change of the operating speed of the line, switching on / off of a circulating fan, etc. ...) and are unavoidable.
- d.) Band movement: Due to the viscosity of the gas, the gas also flows in the band direction in the strip running direction. Therefore, a certain amount of gas is carried along with the tape from one chamber to the next.
Gegenwärtig werden primär zwei unterschiedliche Schleusentypen verwendet. Einerseits verwendet man Einfachdichtungen, die durch ein Paar von metallischen Dichtwalzen, oder ein Paar von Dichtklappen, oder eine Kombination von einer Dichtklappe und einer Dichtwalze gebildet werden. Das Metallband wird dann durch den Walzenspalt/Klappenspalt in den Ofen geführt.At present, primarily two different types of locks are used. On the one hand, single seals are used, which are formed by a pair of metallic sealing rolls, or a pair of sealing flaps, or a combination of a sealing flap and a sealing roll. The metal strip is then fed through the nip / flap gap into the furnace.
Andererseits verwendet man Doppeldichtungen mit Stickstoffeindüsung. Hierbei handelt es sich um ein doppeltes metallisches Dichtwalzenpaar oder um ein doppeltes Klappenpaar, oder um eine doppelte Dichtklappe -Dichtwalze Einrichtung oder eine Kombination von zwei obengenannten Dichteinrichtungen, wobei Stickstoff in den Raum zwischen den beiden Dichteinrichtungen eingedüst wird. Der Stickstoff wird dabei mit einer fixen oder durch den Bedienungsmann verstellbaren Durchflussmenge eingeleitet. Es ist keine automatische Regelung der Durchflussmenge im Verhältnis zu den Prozessparametern vorgesehen. Derartige Dichtschleusen werden beispielsweise in kontinuierlichen Glühanlagen und in kontinuierlichen Verzinkungsanlagen eingesetzt, um eine Trennung zwischen der Ofenatmosphäre und dem Außenbereich (Einlaufdichtungen oder Ausgussdüsendichtung) sowie zwischen zwei unterschiedlichen Brennkammern zu erzielen. Dabei kann beispielsweise eine Brennkammer mit direkter Feuerung und die zweite Brennkammer mittels Strahlrohen beheizt werden.On the other hand, you use double seals with nitrogen injection. This is a double pair of metal sealing rolls or a double pair of flaps, or a double sealing flap-type sealing roll device or a combination of two sealing devices mentioned above, with nitrogen being injected into the space between the two sealing devices. The nitrogen is introduced at a fixed or adjustable by the operator flow rate. There is no automatic regulation of the flow rate in relation to the process parameters. Such sealing locks are used, for example, in continuous annealing plants and in continuous galvanizing plants in order to achieve a separation between the furnace atmosphere and the outside area (inlet seals or spout nozzle seal) and between two different combustion chambers. In this case, for example, a combustion chamber with direct firing and the second combustion chamber can be heated by means of jet blasting.
Diese Dichtungen liefern zufriedenstellende Ergebnisse, wenn ein Gasfluss durch die Schleuse in einer bestimmten Richtung vermieden werden muss, wobei aber ein relativ hoher Gasfluss in der Gegenrichtung erlaubt wird.
Beispielsweise ist das Strömen von Verbrennungsprodukten aus einem Ofen mit direkter Feuerung in einen mit Strahlrohren beheizten Ofen verboten, aber in der Gegenrichtung dürfen größere Mengen Gas durchströmten. Ebenso ist ein Ausströmen von Abgasen aus dem direkt befeuerten Ofen ins Freie verboten, wobei jedoch ein gewisser Luftzustrom aus der Umgebung in den Ofen erlaubt ist. In mit Strahlrohren befeuerten Ofenkammern ist der Lufteintritt zu vermeiden, wobei es erlaubt ist, dass eine gewisse Menge von Schutzgas aus dem Ofen in die Umgebung austritt. Gleiches gilt im Rüsselbereich, wenn der Zinktopf entfernt wird.These gaskets provide satisfactory results when gas flow through the airlock in a particular direction must be avoided, but with relatively high gas flow in the opposite direction.
For example, the flow of combustion products from a direct firing furnace into a blast furnace heated furnace is prohibited, but larger amounts of gas may flow through in the opposite direction. Likewise, a discharge of exhaust gases from the directly fired furnace is prohibited to the outside, but a certain air flow from the environment is allowed in the oven. In furnace chambers fired with lance tubes, avoid the entry of air, allowing a certain amount of inert gas to escape from the furnace into the environment. The same applies to the trunk area when the zinc pot is removed.
Typischerweise liegt die Gasdurchfluss zwischen zwei Ofenkammern durch herkömmliche Schleusen hindurch in einer Richtung bei Null und in der Gegenrichtung im Bereich von 200 bis 1000 Nm3/h. Derartige Durchflussmengen werden nur dann erreicht, wenn der Druck in beiden Ofenkammern innerhalb einer gewissen Toleranz geregelt werden kann.
Wenn aber in einer der beiden Ofenkammern der Druck außerhalb dieser Toleranz schwankt, ist die Schleuse nicht mehr effektiv.Typically, the gas flow rate between two furnace chambers through conventional gates will be in one direction at zero and in the opposite direction in the range of 200 to 1000 Nm 3 / h. Such flow rates are only achieved if the pressure in both furnace chambers can be controlled within a certain tolerance.
But if in one of the two furnace chambers, the pressure fluctuates outside this tolerance, the lock is no longer effective.
Die einfachen Dichtungen bewältigen die bei wechselnden Betriebsbedingungen auftretenden Druckschwankungen nicht zufriedenstellend. Die chemische Zusammensetzung des Atmosphärengases kann dadurch nicht präzise geregelt werden, da unvermeidbare Druckschwankungen in beiden Kammern eine abwechselnde Atmosphärengasströmung in die eine oder andere Richtung hervorrufen würden.The simple seals do not cope satisfactorily with the pressure fluctuations occurring under changing operating conditions. The chemical composition of the atmosphere gas can not be controlled precisely because unavoidable pressure fluctuations in both chambers would cause an alternating atmosphere gas flow in one direction or the other.
Eine herkömmliche Doppeldichtung mit Eindüsung einer konstanten Stickstoffmenge ist ebenfalls empfindlich gegenüber den Druckschwankungen in den Brennkammern. Die chemische Zusammensetzung des Atmosphärengases in den Brennkammern kann nicht präzise geregelt werden, da der eingedüste Stickstoff je nach Druckverhältnissen abwechselnd in die eine Kammer, oder in die andere Kammer, oder in beide Kammern fließt.
Folglich trennen diese herkömmlichen Dichtungssysteme das Atmosphärengas nicht ausreichend und führen teilweise zu einem erheblichen Anstieg im Atmosphärengasverbrauch.A conventional double seal with injection of a constant amount of nitrogen is also sensitive to the pressure fluctuations in the combustion chambers. The chemical composition of the atmosphere gas in the combustion chambers can not be controlled precisely because the injected nitrogen flows alternately into one chamber, or into the other chamber, or into both chambers, depending on the pressure conditions.
As a result, these conventional sealing systems do not adequately separate the atmosphere gas and sometimes result in a substantial increase in the atmosphere gas consumption.
Eine herkömmliche Doppeldichtung, die eine gute atmosphärische Trennung gewährleistet, ist in der
Die
Bei Öfen für Siliziumstahl besteht die Einlaufdichtung üblicherweise aus einem Dichtungswalzenpaar aus Metall sowie einer Reihe von Vorhängen. Die atmosphärische Trennung innerhalb des Ofens erfolgt normalerweise durch eine einfache Öffnung in einer Schamottewand und die Ausgangsdichtung besteht entweder aus weich beschichteten Walzen (Hypalon oder Elastomer) oder aus feuerfesten Fasern.
Ein derartiges Dichtungssystem hat den Nachteil, dass bei der Einlaufdichtung eine ständige Leckage von wasserstoffhaltigen Atmosphärengas durch den Walzenspalt (1 bis 2 mm) erfolgt. Dieses Gas brennt ständig. Die Innendichtung führt zu einer schlechten Trennleistung auf Grund der Öffnungsgröße (100 bis 150 mm) und die Ausgangsdichtung ist bei hoher Temperatur >200°C nicht einsetzbar.In the case of furnaces for silicon steel, the inlet seal usually consists of a pair of sealing rolls of metal and a series of curtains. The atmospheric separation within the furnace is normally through a simple opening in a chamotte wall and the exit seal is either soft coated rolls (hypalon or elastomer) or refractory fibers.
Such a sealing system has the disadvantage that in the inlet seal a permanent leakage of hydrogen-containing atmosphere gas through the nip (1 to 2 mm) takes place. This gas is constantly burning. The inner seal leads to a poor separation performance due to the opening size (100 to 150 mm) and the outlet seal can not be used at high temperature> 200 ° C.
Das Ziel der Erfindung ist es, ein Regelverfahren für die Regelung des Gasflusses durch die Schleuse anzubieten, das ein hohes Maß an Atmosphärengastrennung gewährleistet und den Atmosphärengasverbrauch senktThe object of the invention is to provide a control method for the control of the gas flow through the lock, which ensures a high degree of atmospheric gas separation and reduces the atmospheric gas consumption
Gelöst wird diese Aufgabe durch ein Regelverfahren, bei dem der Gasdruck in zumindest einer Schutzgaskammer und in der Dichtungskammer der Schleuse gemessen wird und bei dem der Druck in der Dichtungskammer geregelt wird und zwar so, dass im Betrieb der Differenzdruck (ΔPDichtung) zwischen der Schutzgaskammer und der Dichtungskammer weitestgehend über oder unter einem vorgegebenen Wert für den kritischen Differenzdruck (ΔPDichtung,k) gehalten wird.
Der kritischen Differenzdruck (ΔPDichtung,k) ist dabei jener Wert, bei dem sich der Gasfluss zwischen Schutzgaskammer und Schleuse umkehrt. Beim kritischen Differenzdruck (ΔPDichtung,k) sollte also kein Gasfluss zwischen der Schutzgaskammer und der Dichtungskammer stattfinden. Der kritische Differenzdruck (ΔPDichtung,k) muss aber nicht notwendigerweise den Wert Null haben, zwar wären bei diesem Wert die Drücke in der Schutzgaskammer und in der Dichtungskammer gleich groß, es kann aber trotzdem zu einem Gasfluss zwischen diesen Kammern kommen, da das Metallband an seiner Oberfläche eine gewisse Gasmenge mittransportiert.
Der vorgegebene Wert für den kritischen Differenzdruck (ΔPDichtung,k) wird über ein mathematisches Modell berechnet, das vorzugsweise die Geschwindigkeit des Metallbandes, die Spaltöffnung der beiden Dichtungselemente, die Eigenschaften des Schutzgases und die Dicke des Metallbandes berücksichtigt.
Auf Grund des kleinen Volumens der Dichtungskammer kann der Druck in dieser Kammer durch Eindüsung oder Abfuhr einer kleinen Menge Gas schnell und präzise geregelt werden.
Auf Grund der präzisen Druckreglung in der Dichtungskammer, wird der Differenzdruck (ΔPDichtung) erfindungsgemäß nahe dem Wert für den kritischen Differenzdruck (ΔPDichtung,k) gehalten. Dadurch wird die Durchflussmenge des Atmosphärengases in oder aus der Schutzgaskammer auf ein Minimum reduziert. Es ist vorteilhaft, wenn der eingestellte Differenzdruck (ΔPDichtung,k) auf einen konstanten Abstand vom kritischen Differenzdruck (ΔPDichtung,k) gehalten wird, wobei jedoch der Abstand möglichst klein gehalten werden sollte. Typischerweise liegt der kritische Differenzdruck (ΔPDichtung,k) zwischen 0 und 100 Pa, und der Abstand zwischen eingestelltem und kritischem Differenzdruck zwischen 5 und 20 Pa.This object is achieved by a control method in which the gas pressure in at least one protective gas chamber and in the sealing chamber of the lock is measured and in which the pressure in the sealing chamber is controlled in such a way that during operation of the differential pressure (.DELTA.P seal ) between the protective gas chamber and the sealing chamber is maintained as much as possible above or below a predetermined value for the critical differential pressure (ΔP seal, k ).
The critical differential pressure (ΔP seal, k ) is the value at which the gas flow between protective gas chamber and lock reverses. At the critical differential pressure (ΔP seal, k ), no gas flow should therefore take place between the protective gas chamber and the sealing chamber. The critical differential pressure (ΔP seal, k ) need not necessarily have the value zero, although at this value, the pressures in the protective gas chamber and in the seal chamber would be the same, but it can still lead to a gas flow between these chambers, as the metal strip transported on its surface a certain amount of gas.
The predetermined value for the critical differential pressure (ΔP seal, k ) is calculated using a mathematical model, which preferably takes into account the speed of the metal strip, the gap opening of the two sealing elements, the properties of the protective gas and the thickness of the metal strip.
Due to the small volume of the sealing chamber, the pressure in this chamber can be controlled quickly and precisely by injecting or removing a small amount of gas.
Due to the precise pressure regulation in the sealing chamber, the differential pressure (ΔP seal ) according to the invention is kept close to the value for the critical differential pressure (ΔP seal, k ). As a result, the flow rate of the atmosphere gas into or out of the protective gas chamber is reduced to a minimum. It is advantageous if the set differential pressure (.DELTA.P seal, k ) is maintained at a constant distance from the critical differential pressure (.DELTA.P seal, k ), but the distance should be kept as small as possible. Typically, the critical differential pressure (ΔP seal, k ) is between 0 and 100 Pa, and the distance between the set and critical differential pressures is between 5 and 20 Pa.
Dieses Verfahren ermöglicht eine hohe Trennleistung der Atmosphären zwischen Schutzgaskammem bei relativ niedrigem Schutzgasverbrauch (von 10 bis 200 Nm3/h). Es ermöglicht auch eine gute Abtrennung der Schutzgaskammer gegenüber der Umgebung.This method allows a high separation efficiency of the atmospheres between Schutzgaskammem at relatively low shielding gas consumption (from 10 to 200 Nm 3 / h). It also allows a good separation of the protective gas chamber from the environment.
Der Druck in der Dichtungskammer kann entweder über ein Regelventil und eine Gaszufuhr oder über ein Regelventil und eine Unterdruckquelle geregelt werden. Die Unterdruckquelle kann beispielsweise ein Sauglüfter, ein Kamin oder die Umgebung sein.The pressure in the seal chamber can be controlled either by a control valve and a gas supply or by a control valve and a vacuum source. The vacuum source may be, for example, a suction fan, a fireplace or the environment.
Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren eignet sich besonders gut für NGO Siliziumstahllinien. Bei derartigen Anlagen muss eine Atmosphäre mit 95% H2 in einer Kammer von einer Atmosphäre mit 10% H2 in einer zweiten Kammer getrennt werden, wobei der Wasserstoffverbrauch durch die Schleuse weniger als 50 Nm3/h betragen soll.The inventive method is particularly well suited for NGO silicon steel lines. In such systems, a 95% H 2 atmosphere in a chamber must be separated from a 10% H 2 atmosphere in a second chamber, with hydrogen consumption through the lock being less than 50 Nm 3 / h.
Außerdem eignet sich das Verfahren gut für die schnelle Abkühlung in kontinuierlichen Glühlinien oder Verzinkungslinien für C-Stahl. Hierbei muss eine Atmosphäre mit 30 - 80% H2 von einer Atmosphäre mit 5% H2 getrennt werden, wobei der Wasserstoffverbrauch durch die Schleuse weniger als 100 Nm3/h betragen soll.In addition, the process is well suited for rapid cooling in continuous annealing lines or galvanizing lines for carbon steel. Here, an atmosphere with 30 must - 80% H 2 are separated from an atmosphere containing 5% H 2, wherein the hydrogen consumption should be less than through the lock 100 Nm 3 / h.
Mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren kann auch in Verzinkungslinien die Übertragung von Zinkstaub vom Rüssel in den Ofen minimiert werden und zwar insbesondere bei Anlagen zur Zink-Aluminium Beschichtung von Metallbändern. In einer Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist die erfindungsgemäße Schleuse zwischen der Schutzgaskammer und einer weiteren Behandlungskammer mit einer Schutzgasatmosphäre angeordnet.With the method according to the invention, the transfer of zinc dust from the trunk into the furnace can also be minimized in galvanizing lines, particularly in systems for zinc-aluminum coating of metal strips. In one embodiment of the invention, the lock according to the invention is arranged between the protective gas chamber and a further treatment chamber with a protective gas atmosphere.
Das Metallband kann dabei entweder zuerst durch die weitere Behandlungskammer und danach durch die Schutzgaskammer geführt werden, bzw. kann es zuerst durch die Schutzgaskammer und danach durch die weitere Behandlungskammer geführt werden.The metal strip can either be passed first through the further treatment chamber and then through the protective gas chamber, or it can first be passed through the protective gas chamber and then through the further treatment chamber.
Es ist sinnvoll, wenn die optimale Spaltöffnung der beiden Dichtungselemente anhand der Eigenschaften des Schutzgases und der Dicke des Metallbandes errechnet wird.It makes sense if the optimum gap opening of the two sealing elements is calculated on the basis of the properties of the protective gas and the thickness of the metal strip.
Im Folgenden wird das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren anhand von Zeichnungen beschrieben. Es zeigen:
-
Fig. 1 eine erste Variante der Erfindung mit einem Gaszuführungssystem für die Dichtungskammer; -
Fig. 2 den Druckverlauf in den Kammern für ein Regelverfahren für die erste Variante gemäßFig. 1 ; -
Fig. 3 den Druckverlauf in den Kammern für ein weiteres Regelverfahren für die erste Variante gemäßFig. 1 ; -
Fig. 4 eine zweite Variante der Erfindung bei der die Dichtungskammer mit einem Unterdrucksystem verbunden ist; -
Fig. 5 den Druckverlauf in den Kammern für ein Regelverfahren für die zweite Variante gemäßFig. 4 ; -
Fig. 6 den Druckverlauf in den Kammern für ein weiteres Regelverfahren für die zweite Variante gemäßFig. 4 ;
-
Fig. 1 a first variant of the invention with a gas supply system for the sealing chamber; -
Fig. 2 the pressure curve in the chambers for a control method for the first variant according toFig. 1 ; -
Fig. 3 the pressure curve in the chambers for a further control method for the first variant according toFig. 1 ; -
Fig. 4 a second variant of the invention in which the sealing chamber is connected to a vacuum system; -
Fig. 5 the pressure curve in the chambers for a control method for the second variant according toFig. 4 ; -
Fig. 6 the pressure curve in the chambers for a further control method for the second variant according toFig. 4 ;
Das Regelverfahren wird nun an Hand einer Schleuse 4 zwischen einer Nebenkammer 1 (weiteren Behandlungskammer 1) und einer Schutzgaskammer 2 erläutert. Dasselbe Prinzip gilt auch, wenn sich die Schleuse 4 zwischen einer Schutzgaskammer 2 und dem Außenbereich befindet, wobei der Außenbereich als eine mit konstantem Luftdruck befüllte Nebenkammer 1 betrachtet wird.The control method will now be explained with reference to a
Die in den Figuren dargestellten Drücke P und Durchflussmengen F sind folgendermaßen definiert:
- P1 = Druck in
der Nebenkammer 1 bzw. desAußenbereichs 1 - P2 = Druck in
der Schutzgaskammer 2 - PD = Druck in
der Dichtungskammer 7 - ΔPKammer = P2 - P1 (= Differenzdruck zwischen der Schutzgaskammer 2 und der Nebenkammer 1 bzw. Differenzdruck zwischen der Schutzgaskammer 2 und des Außenbereiches)
- ΔPDichtung = PD - P2 (= Differenzdruck zwischen der Dichtungskammer 7 und der Schutzgaskammer 2)
- ΔPDichtung, k = kritischer Differenzdruck zwischen der Dichtungskammer 7 und der Schutzgaskammer 2 = jener Differenzdruck (PD - P2), bei dem sich die Gasflussrichtung F2 zwischen der Schutzgaskammer 2 und der Dichtungskammer 7 ändert (umkehrt)
- F2 = Durchflussmenge des Atmosphärengases zwischen der Schutzgaskammer 2 und der Dichtungskammer 7
- F1 = Durchflussmenge des Atmosphärengases zwischen der Dichtungskammer 7 und der Nebenkammer 1
- FD = Durchflussmenge des in
die Dichtungskammer 7 eingedüsten oder abgeleiteten Atmosphärengases
- P1 = pressure in the
auxiliary chamber 1 or theouter region 1 - P2 = pressure in the
protective gas chamber 2 - P D = pressure in the sealing
chamber 7 - ΔP chamber = P2 - P1 (= differential pressure between the
protective gas chamber 2 and theauxiliary chamber 1 or differential pressure between theprotective gas chamber 2 and the outer region) - ΔP seal = P D - P2 (= differential pressure between the
seal chamber 7 and the protective gas chamber 2) - ΔP seal, k = critical differential pressure between the
seal chamber 7 and theprotective gas chamber 2 = that differential pressure (P D - P2) at which the gas flow direction F2 between theshield gas chamber 2 and theseal chamber 7 changes (reverses) - F2 = flow rate of the atmosphere gas between the
protective gas chamber 2 and theseal chamber 7 - F1 = flow rate of the atmosphere gas between the
seal chamber 7 and thesub-chamber 1 - F D = flow rate of the injected into the
seal chamber 7 or derived atmosphere gas
In
Die Zusammensetzungen des Schutzgases (N2-Gehalt, H2-Gehalt, Taupunkt) in den beiden Kammern 1 und 2 und der jeweilige Druck P1 und P2 in den Kammern 1 und 2 werden durch zwei separate Mischstationen geregelt. Diese Regelung der Mischstationen erfolgt an Hand herkömmlicher Steuerungen. D.h. die chemische Zusammensetzung der Schutzgasatmosphäre wird durch Anpassung des N2-, H2-, und des H2O-Gehalts im eingedüsten Atmosphärengas geregelt und die Druckregelung erfolgt durch Anpassung der Durchflussmenge des in die Kammern 1, 2 eingedüsten Atmosphärengases. Das Atmosphärengas wird durch fest eingestellte oder verstellbare Öffnungen aus den Kammern 1, 2 ausgetragen.The compositions of the protective gas (N 2 content, H 2 content, dew point) in the two
Die Dichtungselemente 5 und 6 können jeweils durch zwei Walzen oder zwei Klappen oder eine Walze und eine Klappe gebildet werden, zwischen denen das Metallband 3 hindurchgeführt wird. Der Spalt zwischen den Walzen oder Klappen wird unter Berücksichtigung der Eigenschaften (chemische Zusammensetzung, Temperatur) des Atmosphärengases in Kammer 1 (bzw. 2) und der Banddicke definiert. Er kann fest eingestellt oder verstellbar sein, je nach Schwankungsbreite der Eigenschaften des Atmosphärengases und der Bandabmessungen. Ist der Spalt verstellbar, wird er gemäß Banddicke, chemischer Zusammensetzung des Atmosphärengases sowie gemäß der Bandtemperatur voreingestellt.
Die Größe der Öffnung in den Dichtungselementen 5 und 6 ist vom Spalt, von den Bandabmessungen (Breite, Dicke), sowie von den restlichen konstruktionsbedingten Öffnungen abhängig. Um eine gute Dichtleistung zu erzielen, muss die Öffnung in den Dichtungselementen 5, 6 entsprechend klein sein.The sealing
The size of the opening in the
Der Druck PD in der Dichtungskammer 7 zwischen den beiden Dichtungselementen 5, 6 kann durch das Regelventil 10 verstellt werden. Das Regelventil 10 regelt die Durchflussmenge des in die Dichtungskammer 7 eingedüsten oder abgeführten Gases. In
Die Kammerdrücke P1 und P2 werden von zwei unabhängigen Druckregelkreisen geregelt. Für die Regelung der Schleuse 4 wird der Druck PD in der Dichtungskammer 7 und in der Schutzgaskammer 2 gemessen. Der Druck PD wird nahe dem Druck P2 in der Schutzgaskammer 2 gehalten.The chamber pressures P1 and P2 are controlled by two independent pressure control circuits. For the control of the
In dem in
Mit der Vorrichtung gemäß
Das Ziel besteht darin, den Eintritt von Atmosphärengas durch die Schleuse 4 in die Schutzgaskammer 2 zu vermeiden, damit die chemische Zusammensetzung in dieser Kammer geregelt werden kann. Ziel ist es aber auch das Entweichen von Atmosphärengas aus der Schutzgaskammer 2 zu minimieren, damit der Gasverbrauch der Schutzgaskammer 2 minimiert werden kann.The aim is to prevent the entry of atmospheric gas through the
Ändert sich der Druck P2 in der Schutzgaskammer 2, wird der Druck PD entsprechend verstellt, um die Druckdifferenz ΔPDichtung = PD - P2 möglichst konstant zu halteni ΔPDichtung ist hier negativ. Die Durchflussmenge F2 des Atmosphärengases in oder aus der Schutzgaskammer 2 wird über den Differenzdruck ΔPDichtung geregelt.If the pressure P2 in the
Wird ΔPDichtung unterhalb des Wertes für den kritischen Differenzdruck ΔPDichtung k gehalten, tritt kein Atmosphärengas in die Schutzgaskammer 2 ein. Durch die Regelung von ΔPDichtung möglichst nahe am Wert ΔPDichtung k, kann die Durchflussmenge F2 des entweichenden Atmosphärengases aus der Schutzgaskammer 2 minimiert werden. Die Durchflussmenge FD wird durch den Druckregelkreis für die Regelung von ΔPDichtung bestimmt, während sich die Durchflussmenge F1 aus F2 + FD ergibt.If ΔP seal is kept below the value for the critical differential pressure ΔP seal k , no atmosphere gas enters the
Diese Regelstrategie eignet sich für Anwendungen, bei denen die chemische Zusammensetzung in der Schutzgaskammer 2 optimal geregelt werden muss. Diese Strategie kann beispielsweise gut in kontinuierlichen Glühanlagen (CAL) und in kontinuierlichen Verzinkungsanlagen (CGL) mit hohem H2-Gehalt eingesetzt werden. Die Kammer mit dem hohen H2-Gehalt bildet dabei die zuvor erwähnte Schutzgaskammer 2. Diese Regelstrategie eignet sich auch für die Aufwärm-, Tauch- und Strahlrohrkühlkammern mit hohem H2-Gehalt bei der Elektrostahlwärmebehandlung. Auch hier bildet die Kammer mit dem hohen H2-Gehalt die Kammer 2.This control strategy is suitable for applications in which the chemical composition in the
Das Ziel ist, eine Leckage von Atmosphärengas aus der Schutzgaskammer 2 zu vermeiden, damit die Nebenkammer 1 nicht durch eine Komponente aus der Schutzgaskammer 2 verunreinigt wird. Es soll aber auch der Eintritt von Atmosphärengas in die Schutzgaskammer 2 minimiert werden.The aim is to prevent leakage of atmosphere gas from the
Ändert sich der Druck P2 in der Schutzgaskammer 2, so wird der Druck PD entsprechend angepasst, um die Druckdifferenz ΔPDichtung = PD - P2 möglichst konstant zu halten. ΔPDichtung ist hier positiv. Die Durchflussmenge F2 des Atmosphärengases in oder aus Kammer 2 wird über den ΔPDichtung-Wert geregelt.If the pressure P2 in the
Wird ΔPDichtung oberhalb des Wertes für den (berechneten) kritischen Differenzdruck ΔPDichtung k gehalten, so entweicht kein Atmosphärengas aus der Schutzgaskammer 2. Durch die Regelung von ΔPDichtung möglichst nahe am Wert ΔPDichtung k kann die Durchflussmenge F2 des in Kammer 2 strömenden Atmosphärengases minimiert werden. Die Durchflussmenge FD wird durch den Druckregelkreis für die Regelung von ΔPDichtung bestimmt, während sich die Durchflussmenge F1 aus FD - F2 ergibt.If ΔP seal is kept above the value for the (calculated) critical differential pressure ΔP seal k , no atmosphere gas escapes from the
Diese Regelstrategie eignet sich für Anwendungen, bei denen kein Atmosphärengas aus der Schutzgaskammer 2 entweichen darf und bei denen die Schutzgaskammer 2 nicht durch Atmosphärengas aus der Nebenkammer 1 verunreinigt werden darf. Sie kann beispielsweise zur Regelung der Eingangs-oder Ausgangsschleuse in FAL, CAL und CGL eingesetzt werden. Der Ofen bildet dabei die Schutzgaskammer 2. Ebenso eignet sie sich für die Schleusensteuerung in Zink-Aluminium-Beschichtungsverfahren (der Rüssel bildet dabei die Schutzgaskammer 2) oder für Verfahren mit Kammern mit unterschiedlichen Taupunkten. Die Kammer mit dem hohen Taupunkt bildet dann die Schutzgaskammer 2.This control strategy is suitable for applications in which no atmosphere gas may escape from the
In
Durch die Verstellung der Durchflussmenge FD des aus der Dichtungskammer 7 strömenden Gases wird der Druck PD in der Dichtungskammer 7 kontinuierlich angepasst. Die Durchflussmenge FD des ausströmenden Gases wird über ein Steuerventil 10 geregelt, wobei der Unterduck mittels eines Sauglüfters oder durch den natürlichen Kaminzug erzeugt wird.By adjusting the flow rate F D of the gas flowing out of the sealing
In dem in
Mit der Vorrichtung gemäß
Das Ziel ist, eine Leckage von Atmosphärengas aus der Schutzgaskammer 2 zu vermeiden, damit die Nebenkammer 1 nicht durch eine Komponente aus der Schutzgaskammer 2 verunreinigt wird, aber auch den Eintritt von Atmosphärengas in die Schutzgaskammer 2 zu minimieren, damit die chemische Zusammensetzung in der Schutzgaskammer 2 geregelt werden kann.The aim is to avoid leakage of atmosphere gas from the
Ändert sich der Druck P2 in der Schutzgaskammer 2, so wird der Druck PD entsprechend angepasst, um die Druckdifferenz ΔPDichtung = PD - P2 möglichst konstant zu halten. ΔPDichtung ist hier also positiv. Die Durchflussmenge F2 des Atmosphärengases in oder aus Kammer 2 wird über den ΔPDichtung-Wert geregelt.If the pressure P2 in the
Wird ΔPDichtung oberhalb des kritischen Wertes für den Differenzdruck ΔPDichtung,k gehalten, entweicht kein Atmosphärengas aus der Schutzgaskammer 2. Regelt man die Größe ΔPDichtung möglichst nahe am Wert ΔPDichtung k, dann kann die Durchflussmenge F2 des in die Schutzgaskammer 2 strömenden Atmosphärengases minimiert werden. Die Durchflussmenge FD wird durch den Druckregelkreis für die Regelung von ΔPDichtung bestimmt, während sich die Durchflussmenge F1 sich aus F2 + FD ergibt.If ΔP seal is kept above the critical value for the differential pressure ΔP seal, k , no atmosphere gas escapes from the
Diese Regelstrategie eignet sich für Anlagen bei denen kein Atmosphärengas aus der Schutzgaskammer 2 entweichen darf und bei denen die Zuströmung in die Schutzgaskammer 2 minimiert werden muss. Die Anwendungen sind gleich wie die Anwendungen für
Das Ziel besteht darin, den Eintritt von Atmosphärengas in die Schutzgaskammer 2 zu vermeiden (damit die chemische Zusammensetzung in der Schutzgaskammer 2 geregelt werden kann), aber auch das Entweichen von Atmosphärengas aus der Schutzgaskammer 2 zu minimieren (damit der Gasverbrauch der Schutzgaskammer 2 minimiert werden kann).The aim is to avoid the entry of atmosphere gas into the protective gas chamber 2 (so that the chemical composition in the
Ändert sich der Druck P2, wird der Druck PD entsprechend verstellt, um die Druckdifferenz ΔPDichtung = PD - P2 möglichst konstant zu halten. ΔPDichtung ist hier negativ. Die Durchflussmenge F2 des Atmosphärengases in oder aus Kammer 2 wird über den ΔPDichtung-Wert geregelt.If the pressure P2 changes, the pressure P D is correspondingly adjusted in order to keep the pressure difference ΔP seal = P D -P2 as constant as possible. ΔP seal is negative here. The flow rate F2 of the atmosphere gas into or out of
Wird ΔPDichtung unterhalb des Wertes für den kritischen Differenzdruck ΔPDichtung k gehalten, tritt kein Atmosphärengas in Kammer 2. Regelt man die Größe ΔPDichtung möglichst nahe am Wert ΔPDichtung k, dann kann die Durchflussmenge des entweichenden Atmosphärengases F2 aus Kammer 2 minimiert werden. Die Durchflussmenge FD wird durch den Druckregelkreis für die Regelung von ΔPDichtung bestimmt, während Durchflussmenge F1 sich aus FD + F1 ergibt.If the ΔP seal is kept below the value for the critical differential pressure ΔP seal k , no atmosphere gas enters
Diese Regelstrategie eignet sich gut, wenn die chemische Zusammensetzung in der Schutzgaskammer 2 optimal geregelt werden muss, aber die Ausströmung von Atmosphärengas aus der Schutzgaskammer 2 minimiert werden muss bzw. wenn die chemische Zusammensetzung in beiden Kammern 1, 2 optimal geregelt werden muss.This control strategy is well suited if the chemical composition in the
Da die Leckage-Menge des Gases durch ein Dichtungselement (5, 6) hindurch nicht gemessen werden kann, wurde für deren Berechnung ein mathematisches Modell entwickelt.Since the leakage amount of the gas can not be measured through a sealing member (5, 6), a mathematical model has been developed for their calculation.
Das Modell ermöglicht die Berechnung des Differenzdrucks ΔPDichtung zwischen der Schutzgaskammer 2 und der Dichtungskammer 7 (ΔPDichtung = PD - P2) in Abhängigkeit von folgenden Parametern:
- physikalische Eigenschaften des Atmosphärengases (wie beispielsweise spezifisches Gewicht und Viskosität): Diese Eigenschaften werden aus der chemischen Zusammensetzung (Prozentsatz an H2 und N2, usw.) und der Temperatur des durch die Dichtungselemente strömenden Atmosphärengases berechnet.
- offene Fläche in
den Dichtungselementen 5, 6: Die offene Fläche hängt vom in den Dichtungselementen eingestellten Spalt sowie den Bandabmessungen (Dicke, Breite) ab. - Liniengeschwindigkeit: Die Liniengeschwindigkeit ist die Geschwindigkeit des behandelten Bandes.
- Durchfluss des Atmosphärengases FD, F1, F2: Der Durchfluss F1 oder F2 des Atmosphärengases durch die
5, 6 gilt als zu regelnder Parameter.Dichtungselemente - Aufbau der Schleuse 4: Es stehen mehrere Technologien für den Aufbau zur Verfügung (Klappen, Walzen, sonstige ...). Das mathematische Modell berücksichtigt die jeweilige Technologie.
- physical properties of the atmosphere gas (such as specific gravity and viscosity): These properties are calculated from the chemical composition (percentage of H 2 and N 2 , etc.) and the temperature of the atmosphere gas flowing through the sealing elements.
- open area in the
sealing elements 5, 6: The open area depends on the gap set in the sealing elements and the strip dimensions (thickness, width). - Line Speed: The line speed is the speed of the treated tape.
- Flow of the atmosphere gas F D , F1, F2: The flow F1 or F2 of the atmosphere gas through the sealing
5, 6 is considered as a parameter to be controlled.elements - Construction of the lock 4: Several technologies are available for the construction (flaps, rollers, miscellaneous ...). The mathematical model takes into account the respective technology.
Das mathematische Modell basiert auf einer Formel, die den Zusammenhang zwischen den Parametern darstellt. Die Berechnung erfordert nur wenig Rechenaufwand und kann daher in Ofensteuerungen integriert werden.The mathematical model is based on a formula that represents the relationship between the parameters. The calculation requires little computational effort and can therefore be integrated into furnace controls.
Das mathematische Modell lautet wie folgt:
ΔPDichtung = Druckdifferenz zwischen der Dichtungskammer 7 und der Schutzgaskammer 2
ρ = spezifisches Gewicht des Atmosphärengases
µ = dynamische Viskosität des Atmosphärengases
h = geometrischer Faktor
Vg = Durchflussgeschwindigkeit des in die oder aus der Dichtungskammer 7 strömenden Atmosphärengases
Vs = Liniengeschwindigkeit = Bandgeschwindigkeit
f1 und f2 sind mathematische Formeln, die von dem Aufbau der Schleuse 4 (Walzen, Klappen) sowie von der Art der Gasströmung (laminar, turbulent) abhängig sind.The mathematical model is as follows:
ΔP seal = pressure difference between the
ρ = specific gravity of the atmosphere gas
μ = dynamic viscosity of the atmosphere gas
h = geometric factor
Vg = flow rate of the atmosphere gas flowing into or out of the
Vs = line speed = belt speed
f1 and f2 are mathematical formulas that depend on the structure of the lock 4 (rollers, flaps) and on the nature of the gas flow (laminar, turbulent).
Die Parameter des mathematischen Modells werden mittels computergesteuerter Simulationssoftware im Offline-Betrieb abgestimmt.The parameters of the mathematical model are tuned by means of computer-controlled simulation software in offline mode.
Das Modell liefert den Wert für den kritischen Differenzdruck ΔPDichtung,k zwischen der Dichtungskammer 7 und der Schutzgaskammer 2, der zu keinem Gasfluss zwischen der Schutzgaskammer 2 und der Dichtungskammer 7 führt (Vg=0). Dieser kritische Wert ΔPDichtung,k dient als Referenz für die Druckregelung in der Dichtungskammer 7. Der Sollwert für den Differenzdruck ΔPDichtung richtet sich nach dem berechneten kritischen Differenzdruck ΔPDichtung,k, wie dies in den oben genannten Beispielen beschrieben wurde.
Wenn der Differenzdruck ΔPDichtung höher ist als dieser kritische Wert ΔPDichtung,k, dann strömt das Atmosphärengas aus der Dichtungskammer 7 in die Schutzgaskammer 2. Es ist wichtig, dass man hier auch die jeweiligen Vorzeichen der Differenzdrücke ΔPDichtung und ΔPDichtung,k berücksichtigt. "Höher" oder "oberhalb" ist gleichbedeutend mit dem Ausdruck "weiter im positive Zahlenbereich" liegend.The model provides the value for the critical differential pressure ΔP seal, k between the
If the differential pressure ΔP seal is higher than this critical value ΔP seal, k , then the atmosphere gas flows out of the
Liegt der Differenzdruck ΔPDichtung unterhalb des Wertes für den kritischen Differenzdruck ΔPDichtung,k, so strömt das Atmosphärengas aus der Schutzgaskammer 2 in die Dichtungskammer 7.
Es sei nochmals darauf hingewiesen, dass der Differenzdruck ΔPDichtung auch negativ sein kann (z. B. in
It should again be noted that the differential pressure ΔP seal can also be negative (eg in
Das mathematische Modell wird einerseits für die Berechnung des einzustellenden Spalts der beiden Dichtungselemente 5, 6 unter Berücksichtigung der Eigenschaften des Atmosphärengases und der Banddicke verwendet. Andererseits wird es für die Berechnung des Wertes für den kritischen Differenzdruck ΔPDichtung,k zwischen Dichtungskammer 7 und Schutzgaskammer 2 herangezogen. Mit Hilfe des berechneten kritischen Differenzdruckes ΔPDichtung,k wird dann der einzustellenden Differenzdruck ΔPDichtung (Sollwert) festgelegt.The mathematical model is used on the one hand for the calculation of the gap to be set of the two sealing
Die mit dem mathematischen Modell berechneten Einstellparameter bilden die Sollwerte für die Steuerung der Schleuse.The adjustment parameters calculated with the mathematical model form the setpoint values for the control of the lock.
Claims (8)
- Process with which to control the protective atmosphere in a protective gas chamber (2) for continuous treatment of metal strips (3), where the metal strip (3) is led through locks (4) into and out of the protective gas chamber (2) and where at least one of the locks (4) has two sealing elements (5, 6) for the metal strip (3) passing through so that a seal chamber (7) is formed between the two sealing elements (5, 6), where the gas pressure (P2, PD) in the protective gas chamber (2) and in the seal chamber (7) of the lock (4) is measured, and the pressure (PD) in the seal chamber (7) is controlled, characterized in that the pressure (PD) in the seal chamber (7) is controlled in such a way that the differential pressure (ΔPDichtung) between the protective gas chamber (2) and the seal chamber (7) is largely maintained above or below a predefined value for the critical differential pressure (ΔPDichtung,k) during operation, where the critical differential pressure (ΔPDichtung,k) is defined as the value at which the flow of gas between the protective gas chamber (2) and the seal chamber (7) reverses and where the critical value for the differential pressure (ΔPDichtung,k) is calculated using a mathematical model that takes account of the speed of the metal strip, the gap between the two sealing elements (5, 6), the properties of the protective gas and the thickness of the metal strip (3), and where the value set in operation for the differential pressure (ΔPDichtung) is maintained as close as possible to the critical value for the differential pressure (ΔPDichtung,k) so that the gas flow (F2) out of or into the protective gas chamber (2) is kept to a minimum.
- Process according to Claim 1, characterized in that the pressure (PD) in the seal chamber (7) is controlled by means of a control valve (10) and a gas supply (8).
- Process according to Claim 1, characterized in that the pressure (PD) in the seal chamber (7) is controlled by means of a control valve (10) and a vacuum source (9).
- Process according to Claim 1, characterized in that the pressure (PD) in the seal chamber (7) is controlled by two control valves (10), a gas supply (8), and a vacuum source (9).
- Process according to one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the lock (4) is located between the protective gas chamber (2) and another treatment chamber (1) with a protective atmosphere.
- Process according to Claim 5, characterized in that the metal strip (3) is led through the other treatment chamber (1) first of all and then through the protective gas chamber (2).
- Process according to Claim 5, characterized in that the metal strip (3) is led through the protective gas chamber (2) first of all and then through the other treatment chamber (1).
- Process according to one of Claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the optimum gap between the two sealing elements (5, 6) is calculated on the basis of the properties of the protective gas and the thickness of the metal strip (3).
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PL12715806T PL2671035T3 (en) | 2011-02-04 | 2012-01-30 | Method for controlling a protective gas atmosphere in a protective gas chamber for the treatment of a metal strip |
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ATA152/2011A AT511034B1 (en) | 2011-02-04 | 2011-02-04 | METHOD FOR CONTROLLING A PROTECTION GASATOMOS IN A PROTECTIVE GAS CHAMBER FOR TREATING A METAL STRIP |
PCT/AT2012/000013 WO2012103563A1 (en) | 2011-02-04 | 2012-01-30 | Method for controlling a protective gas atmosphere in a protective gas chamber for the treatment of a metal strip |
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US (1) | US8893402B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP2671035B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP6061400B2 (en) |
KR (1) | KR101807344B1 (en) |
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KR101807344B1 (en) | 2017-12-08 |
US8893402B2 (en) | 2014-11-25 |
JP6061400B2 (en) | 2017-01-18 |
ES2531482T3 (en) | 2015-03-16 |
RU2592653C2 (en) | 2016-07-27 |
CA2825855A1 (en) | 2012-08-09 |
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CN103380346B (en) | 2015-08-05 |
CA2825855C (en) | 2018-05-01 |
EP2671035A1 (en) | 2013-12-11 |
BR112013019485B1 (en) | 2021-03-09 |
CN103380346A (en) | 2013-10-30 |
PL2671035T3 (en) | 2015-04-30 |
AT511034A1 (en) | 2012-08-15 |
AT511034B1 (en) | 2013-01-15 |
JP2014505795A (en) | 2014-03-06 |
US20130305559A1 (en) | 2013-11-21 |
ZA201306439B (en) | 2014-10-29 |
BR112013019485A2 (en) | 2019-11-05 |
WO2012103563A1 (en) | 2012-08-09 |
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