EP2669910B1 - Safety device for electrical transformers and related electrical transformer - Google Patents

Safety device for electrical transformers and related electrical transformer Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2669910B1
EP2669910B1 EP12425103.4A EP12425103A EP2669910B1 EP 2669910 B1 EP2669910 B1 EP 2669910B1 EP 12425103 A EP12425103 A EP 12425103A EP 2669910 B1 EP2669910 B1 EP 2669910B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
oil
safety device
vane
outflow detecting
rest position
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP12425103.4A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
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EP2669910A1 (en
Inventor
Giuseppe Leonardo Manco
Carlo Carollo
Andrea Tonin
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ABB Technology AG
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ABB Technology AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by ABB Technology AG filed Critical ABB Technology AG
Priority to EP12425103.4A priority Critical patent/EP2669910B1/en
Priority to PL12425103T priority patent/PL2669910T3/pl
Priority to BR112014030054A priority patent/BR112014030054A8/pt
Priority to PCT/EP2013/059671 priority patent/WO2013178447A1/en
Priority to CN201380027646.2A priority patent/CN104380400B/zh
Publication of EP2669910A1 publication Critical patent/EP2669910A1/en
Priority to ZA2014/07960A priority patent/ZA201407960B/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2669910B1 publication Critical patent/EP2669910B1/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/08—Cooling; Ventilating
    • H01F27/10—Liquid cooling
    • H01F27/12—Oil cooling
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/40—Structural association with built-in electric component, e.g. fuse
    • H01F27/402—Association of measuring or protective means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/02—Details
    • H01H33/53—Cases; Reservoirs, tanks, piping or valves, for arc-extinguishing fluid; Accessories therefor, e.g. safety arrangements, pressure relief devices
    • H01H33/55—Oil reservoirs or tanks; Lowering means therefor
    • H01H33/555—Protective arrangements responsive to abnormal fluid pressure, liquid level or liquid displacement, e.g. Buchholz relays
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H35/00—Switches operated by change of a physical condition
    • H01H35/24—Switches operated by change of fluid pressure, by fluid pressure waves, or by change of fluid flow
    • H01H35/40—Switches operated by change of fluid pressure, by fluid pressure waves, or by change of fluid flow actuated by devices allowing continual flow of fluid, e.g. vane
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/40—Structural association with built-in electric component, e.g. fuse
    • H01F27/402—Association of measuring or protective means
    • H01F2027/404—Protective devices specially adapted for fluid filled transformers

Definitions

  • the present disclosure refers to a safety device for electrical transformers, particularly of the type of Buchholz relays, and to a related electrical transformer using such a safety device.
  • the safety device of the present disclosure is suitable to be used in the field of electrical power transmission and distribution to detect electrical transformers' failures or internal faults.
  • the present safety device is suitable to be mounted on an oil filled electrical transformer to detect fast or slow gas accumulation and oil leaks and oil flow variation.
  • These traditional safety devices comprise a casing with an internal chamber which is in communication with the vessel and the conservator of the electrical transformer.
  • a first model of known safety devices is provided with a float switch disposed in the internal chamber.
  • the float switch is electrically connected to a circuit breaker suitable to disconnect the electrical transformer from the power grid in case of failure.
  • a second traditional model of known safety devices is provided not only with said first floating switch but also with a second floating switch and with an alarm device.
  • the second floating switch serves to detect, in general, slow oil lowering in the transformer's oil vessel, and is suitable to activate the alarm device, to which is connected if the oil level in the internal chamber of the safety device lowers beyond an alarm oil level threshold.
  • the above described safety devices are further equipped with a flow activated safety switch, suitable to actuate the circuit breaker in the event of an oil flow.
  • EP 0 944 150 An example of a safety device is shown in EP 0 944 150 .
  • the flow activated safety switch detects if the oil speed exceeds a safety oil speed threshold and, if so, it disconnects the electrical transformer from the power grid by actuating the associated circuit breaker.
  • the flow activated safety switch comprises a frame fixed into the casing of the safety device and an oil outflow detecting vane arranged along the path of the moving oil and movably supported by the frame.
  • the oil outflow detecting vane is suitable to be moved from a rest position by the flowing oil, so that, if the speed of the oil exceeds said prefixed oil speed threshold, the oil outflow detecting vane is moved from its rest position and activates the circuit breaker, which disconnects the electrical transformer from the power grid.
  • Another drawback of the above described safety devices consists in that the activation of the circuit breaker may derive from an accidental movement of the oil outflow detecting vane due, for example, to strong vibrations or to a magnetic field action.
  • a further drawback of known safety devices described above consists in that it is impossible to test the mobility of the oil outflow detecting vane, so that it is impossible to determine whether the vane is able to activate the circuit breaker in case of rapid oil outflow from the electrical transformer vessel, or not.
  • the present disclosure is aimed at facing at least some of the above indicated issues.
  • a safety device for electrical transformers comprising:
  • the overall reference numeral 10 indicates a safety device for electrical transformers, particularly of the type of Buchholz relays, suitable to be used in the field of electrical power transmission and distribution to detect some failures of an associated electrical transformer.
  • the present safety device 10 is suitable to be mounted on an oil filled electrical transformer 11 to detect fast oil flow, and/or slow gas accumulation and/or oil leaks.
  • the safety device 10 comprises a casing 14 provided with an internal chamber 15 suitable to be connected in hydraulic communication with an oil-containing vessel or tank 12 and an oil-containing conservator 13 of the electrical transformer 11 into which the safety device 10 is used; in practice, when installed, the safety device 10 is positioned along the flowing path of the transformer oil 103 from/to the vessel 12 to/from the conservator 13 with oil flowing through the internal chamber 15.
  • the safety device 10 is operatively connected to a circuit breaker device 16 which is suitable to be electrically connected to the electrical connection between the electrical transformer 11 and a power distribution or transmission grid 17, associated to the transformer 11 itself.
  • the circuit breaker device 16 is suitable to disconnect, on command, the electrical transformer 11 from the power distribution or transmission grid 17.
  • the safety device 10 comprises at least one floating switch, preferably two floating switches 18a and 18b, disposed in said internal chamber 15 and provided with connection means, for example electric wires, for operatively connecting the first floating switch 18a to the circuit breaker device 16 and the second floating switch 18b, to first alarm means, schematically indicated in figure 1 by the reference number 40.
  • first alarm means can be of any suitable type, e.g. visual, such as a lamp, acoustic, local or remote; for example they can comprise an alarm light provided in a control room or consists in an electronic device suitable to send an electronic alarm message to a receiving device monitored by an operator.
  • the first floating switch 18a is connected to the circuit breaker device 16 to command a disconnection of the electrical transformer 11 from the power distribution or transmission grid 17 if the oil level in the internal chamber 15 lowers beyond a safety oil level threshold.
  • the second floating switch 18b is suitable to activate said first alarm means 40 in case the oil level in the internal chamber 15 lowers beyond an alarm oil level threshold; the alarm oil level threshold is different from the safety oil level threshold and in particular corresponds to an oil level in the internal chamber 15 higher than the oil level corresponding to the safety oil level threshold.
  • the safety device 10 comprises at least two oil outflow detecting vanes 19 and 20, which are movably connected to the casing 14, preferably by means of a frame 21, and arranged along the path of the oil flow between the vessel 12 and the conservator 13.
  • the oil outflow detecting vanes 19 and 20 are suitable to move from a rest position, due to a hydrodynamic action of an oil flow directed from the oil vessel 12 to the conservator 13, to detect if a rapid oil flow occurs in the vessel 12 of the electrical transformer.
  • a first oil outflow detecting vane 19 is movably connected to the casing 14 and is adapted to move from its rest position in case of oil outflowing from said oil vessel 12 at a speed greater than an alarm oil speed threshold.
  • the first oil outflow detecting vane 19 does not perceptibly move and rests substantially in its rest position; otherwise if oil outflows at a speed greater than said alarm oil speed threshold, the first oil outflow detecting vane 19 moves leaving its rest position.
  • a second oil outflow detecting vane 20 is also movably connected to the casing 14, and is also arranged along the path of the oil flow and is adapted to move from a rest position in case of oil outflowing from said oil vessel 12 at a speed greater than a safety oil speed threshold.
  • the safety oil speed threshold is greater than the alarm oil speed threshold.
  • the second oil outflow detecting vane 20 is adapted to remain substantially still in its rest position if oil outflows from the oil vessel 12 through the safety device 10 at a speed lower than said alarm oil speed threshold, but it also remains substantially still in its rest position if oil speed exceeds said alarm oil speed threshold without exceeding said safety oil speed threshold.
  • the safety device 10 comprises first detection means 22 and second detection means 23 for detecting a movement of said first and second oil outflow detecting vanes 19, 20 from their respective rest positions, respectively.
  • the first detection means 22 are suitable to be connected to second alarm means, schematically indicated in figure 1 by the reference 50 for signalling a movement of the first oil outflow detecting vane 19 from its rest position, which means that the speed of oil flowing in the safety device 10 from the oil vessel 12 to the conservator 13 exceeded said alarm oil speed threshold.
  • Said second alarm means 50 can be of any suitable type, e.g. visual, such as a lamp, acoustic, local or remote; for example they can comprise an alarm light provided in a control room or consists in an electronic device suitable to send an electronic alarm message to a receiving device monitored by an operator.
  • visual such as a lamp, acoustic, local or remote
  • Said second alarm means 50 can comprise an alarm light provided in a control room or consists in an electronic device suitable to send an electronic alarm message to a receiving device monitored by an operator.
  • the second detection means 23 are connected to the circuit breaker device 16 to command the disconnection of the electrical transformer 11 from the power distribution or transmission grid 17 in case of a movement of the second oil outflow detecting vane 20 from its rest position, which means that the speed of oil flowing in the safety device 10 from the oil vessel 12 to the conservator 13 exceeds said safety oil speed threshold.
  • the safety oil speed threshold is set to an oil speed value corresponding to (or, conservatively, lesser than) the speed of the oil flowing in the safety device 10 from the oil vessel 12 in case an arc forms in the electrical transformer 11.
  • the safety device 10 comprises the frame 21 which is connected to the casing 14 in said internal chamber 15.
  • the internal chamber 15 has a first opening 25, which in operation is connected in hydraulic communication with the oil vessel 12 of the electrical transformer 11, and a second opening 26, which in operation is connected in hydraulic communication with the conservator 13.
  • the first and second openings 25, 26 are for example coaxially facing each other and are provided on opposite walls of the internal chamber 15.
  • the first and second oil outflow detecting vanes 19, 20 are provided each one with a frontal plane face 19a, 20a which is transversal, e.g. substantially perpendicular, to the common axial direction of the first and second openings 25, 26, when the first 19 and the second oil outflow detecting vane 20 are in the rest position.
  • Said axial direction of the first and second openings 25, 26 defines the oil flow direction B through the internal chamber 15.
  • the frontal plane faces 19a, 20a are oriented so as to face the first opening 25 to be invested by oil flowing from the oil vessel 12 to the conservator 13.
  • first and the second oil outflow detecting vanes 19, 20 are movably connected to the frame 21, preferably with respect to rotation axes C, D which are substantially perpendicular to said oil flow direction B.
  • each of said first and second detection means 22, 23 comprises a reed switch 22a, 23a, connected to the casing 14, and a magnetic actuator 22b, 23b connected to a corresponding oil outflow detecting vane 19, 20.
  • the first detection means 22 comprise a first magnetic actuator 22b fixed on the first oil outflow detecting vane 19, and a first reed switch 22a fixed to the frame 21 adjacent to the first oil outflow detecting vane 19, so that if the first oil outflow detecting vane 19 moves from its rest position the magnetic actuator passes in the proximity of the first reed switch 22a, thus activating the latter.
  • the first detection means 22 operate the above said alarm means 50 to signal that oil is flowing through the safety device, thus signalling a status of abnormal operation for the electrical transformer 11 which may correspond to an electrical overload.
  • the second detection means 23 comprise a second magnetic actuator 23b, connected on the second oil outflow detecting vane 20, and a first reed switch 23a, fixed to the frame 21 adjacent to the second oil outflow detecting vane 20 so that if the second oil outflow detecting vane 20 moves from its rest position the second magnetic actuator 23a passes into the proximity of the second reed switch 23a, and activates the latter.
  • the second detection means 23 commands the circuit breaker device 16 to disconnect the electrical transformer 11 from the power distribution or transmission grid 17.
  • the safety device 10 advantageously comprises first retention means 25 mechanically connected to said casing 14 in said internal chamber 15 for exerting a first retention force on the second oil outflow detecting vane 20 to prevent or at least contrast movement of the latter from its rest position until the hydrodynamic force exerted on said second oil outflow detecting vane 20 by the oil flowing from the oil vessel 12 to the conservator 13, is lesser than said first retention force.
  • the retention means 25 are designed to maintain the second oil outflow detecting vane 20 substantially in its rest position unless the hydrodynamic force exerted on it by the oil flowing from the oil vessel 12 to the conservator 13, is greater than said first retention force.
  • the first retention force is a magnetic force.
  • the second oil outflow detecting vane 20 for example comprises or is completely made of a magnetically responsive material, and the first retention means 25 advantageously comprise a first magnet 28 fixed on the frame 21 vis a vis with the second oil outflow detecting vane 20, and preferably facing the frontal plane face 20a of the second oil outflow detecting vane 20, to exert on the latter said first retention force.
  • retention force and related retention means it is possible to use alternative solutions, e.g. mechanical, et cetera.
  • the safety device 10 advantageously further comprises adjusting means 60 for adjusting said first retention force.
  • adjusting means can be of any suitable type relative to the type of retention force and means used; for example, it is possible to use a screw-based mechanism which allows to adjust the distance between the vane and the retention means, or a torsion spring suitably sized, et cetera.
  • the safety device 10 also comprises second retention means, not shown, mechanically connected to said casing 14 in said internal chamber 15 for exerting a second retention force on said first oil outflow detecting vane 19 to prevent movement of the latter from its rest position in case the hydrodynamic force exerted on said second oil outflow detecting vane 20, by oil flowing from the oil vessel 12 to the conservator 13, is lesser than said second retention force.
  • second retention means not shown, mechanically connected to said casing 14 in said internal chamber 15 for exerting a second retention force on said first oil outflow detecting vane 19 to prevent movement of the latter from its rest position in case the hydrodynamic force exerted on said second oil outflow detecting vane 20, by oil flowing from the oil vessel 12 to the conservator 13, is lesser than said second retention force.
  • Said second retention means advantageously are, mutatis mutandis, of the same type of the above described first retention means 25 to which reference is made; accordingly also the first oil outflowing detecting vane 19 for example comprises or is completely made of a magnetically responsive material.
  • the second retention means and the related first vane 19 is possible to use different types of retention means as above indicated for the first retention means 25.
  • further adjusting means for adjusting the second retention force can be used.
  • the casing 14 preferably has an access opening 30 communicating with the internal chamber 15 and comprises a stopper 31 suitable to close the access opening 30.
  • the frame 21 is mechanically fixed to the stopper 31 and is suitable to be extracted from/inserted in the internal chamber 15 through said access opening 30.
  • the safety device 10 further comprises blocking and unblocking means, schematically represented in figure 1 by the reference number 70, for blocking at least the second oil outflow detecting vane 20 in a moved position different from said rest position.
  • Such blocking and unblocking means 70 may consist for example in one or more elastic teeth protruding from the frame 21 to which are fixed, and suitable to engage the second oil outflow detecting vane 20 in said moved position, to maintain the latter in said moved position.
  • the safety device 10 is also provided with means, e.g. mechanical, or electromechanical, or magnetic suitable to operate said blocking and unblocking means, on command, so as to allow the return of the second oil outflow detecting vane 20 in its rest position.
  • means e.g. mechanical, or electromechanical, or magnetic suitable to operate said blocking and unblocking means, on command, so as to allow the return of the second oil outflow detecting vane 20 in its rest position.
  • the safety device 10 allows to identify if the activation of the circuit breaker device 16 is due to the movement of the second oil outflow detecting vane 20 from its rest position, in which case the second oil outflow detecting vane 20 is blocked in said moved position by the blocking and unblocking means, until the operator operates the latter to allow the second oil outflow detecting vane 20 to return in its rest position.
  • the safety device 10 preferably comprises means for actuating the movement of the second oil outflow detecting vane 20 from its rest position, which for example consists of a rod 34 mechanically connected to the second oil outflow detecting vane 20, axially sliding through a hole provided in the casing 14, and having an end 35 projecting outside the casing 14 to be operated to move the second oil outflow detecting vane 20.
  • the first oil outflow detecting vane 20 is mechanically connected to the rod 34 to be moved.
  • the second detection means 23 activates the electrical circuit breaker 16 , as, for example, illustrated in figure 2c .
  • the second floating switch 18b activates the related alarm means; if the oil level in the internal chamber 15 lowers beyond the safety oil level threshold, the first floating switch 18a activates the electrical circuit breaker 16 which in turn disconnects the electrical transformer 11.
  • the floating switch 18a in order to identify whether the intervention of the circuit breaker 16 has been triggered by the floating switch 18a ("safety oil level threshold exceeded")or by the second detection means ("safety oil speed threshold exceeded"), it is possible to use two different circuit breakers, for example connected in series to each other, or to have one signal output locally or remotely by the second detection means (or alternatively by the floating switch 18a) at the same time when the circuit breaker 16 is activated by them.
  • the safety device 10 as described and defined in the appended claims allows an easy and more effective identification of the origin of failures in an oil filled electrical transformer.
  • the safety device 10 of the present disclosure allows to easily distinguish whether a safety disconnection of an electrical transformer from the associated power grid is due to a failure caused by a rapid oil flow or otherwise caused by a slow gas accumulation or by an oil leak, or whether it is even accidental.
  • the structure of the safety device 10 allows also adjusting one or more of the related thresholds and offers even the possibility to test the oil outflow detecting vane mobility, so as to easily reveal failures of the oil outflow detecting vane.
  • the safety device 10 of the present disclosure can be used substantially in any type of oil-filled electrical power transformer.
  • the present disclosure also encompasses an oil-filled electrical power transformer characterized in that it comprises a safety device as defined in the relevant appended claims and before described.
  • the safety device thus conceived is susceptible of modifications and variations, all of which are within the scope of the inventive concept including any combination of the above described embodiments which have to be considered as encompassed by the above description; all details may further be replaced with other technically equivalent elements.
  • the device 10 can have a different number of components assembled together or the components may be differently shaped provided they are suitable for the scope they were conceived.
  • the materials, so long as they are compatible with the specific use, as well as the individual components may be any according to the requirements and the state of the art.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Housings And Mounting Of Transformers (AREA)
  • Fluid-Pressure Circuits (AREA)
EP12425103.4A 2012-05-31 2012-05-31 Safety device for electrical transformers and related electrical transformer Active EP2669910B1 (en)

Priority Applications (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP12425103.4A EP2669910B1 (en) 2012-05-31 2012-05-31 Safety device for electrical transformers and related electrical transformer
PL12425103T PL2669910T3 (pl) 2012-05-31 2012-05-31 Urządzenie zabezpieczające do transformatorów elektrycznych i związany z nim transformator elektryczny
BR112014030054A BR112014030054A8 (pt) 2012-05-31 2013-05-08 Dispositivo de segurança para transformadores elétrico relacionado
PCT/EP2013/059671 WO2013178447A1 (en) 2012-05-31 2013-05-08 Safety device for electrical transformers and related electrical transformer
CN201380027646.2A CN104380400B (zh) 2012-05-31 2013-05-08 用于电力变压器的安全设备及油浸式电力变压器
ZA2014/07960A ZA201407960B (en) 2012-05-31 2014-10-31 Safety device for electrical transformers and related electrical transformer

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP12425103.4A EP2669910B1 (en) 2012-05-31 2012-05-31 Safety device for electrical transformers and related electrical transformer

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2669910A1 EP2669910A1 (en) 2013-12-04
EP2669910B1 true EP2669910B1 (en) 2015-07-01

Family

ID=48430756

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP12425103.4A Active EP2669910B1 (en) 2012-05-31 2012-05-31 Safety device for electrical transformers and related electrical transformer

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2669910B1 (zh)
CN (1) CN104380400B (zh)
BR (1) BR112014030054A8 (zh)
PL (1) PL2669910T3 (zh)
WO (1) WO2013178447A1 (zh)
ZA (1) ZA201407960B (zh)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3098827B1 (en) * 2015-05-26 2018-10-17 ABB Schweiz AG Flow vent adjustable system for buchholz relay
CN106093636B (zh) * 2016-06-06 2019-07-12 国家电网公司 智能电网的二次设备的模拟量校核方法以及装置
CN109166755B (zh) * 2018-10-19 2023-08-22 国网河南省电力公司新安县供电公司 一种应用于10kv配电线路上的油断路器
CN112858718B (zh) * 2021-01-21 2023-09-05 广东电网有限责任公司 一种变压器渗漏油的油速测量方法、装置及系统

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1642397A (en) * 1921-09-26 1927-09-13 Buchholz Max Method and means for protecting liquid-insulated electric apparatus
ITPD980059A1 (it) * 1998-03-19 1999-09-19 Comem Spa Rele' perfezionato di tipo buchholz
AU2002100385B4 (en) * 2002-05-15 2002-06-20 John Owen Williams Modified buchholz relay for continuous monitoring of gas generated by transformer internal faults
ITVI20070223A1 (it) * 2007-08-07 2009-02-08 Comem Spa Rele di buchholz per la protezione di apparecchiature elettriche di potenza isolate in olio.

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2013178447A1 (en) 2013-12-05
BR112014030054A8 (pt) 2017-12-26
CN104380400A (zh) 2015-02-25
EP2669910A1 (en) 2013-12-04
BR112014030054A2 (pt) 2017-06-27
PL2669910T3 (pl) 2016-04-29
ZA201407960B (en) 2015-11-25
CN104380400B (zh) 2017-08-08

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