EP2659983A2 - Separating drum with pole bars that can be extended and retracted to adjust the magnetic force of attraction radially to a drive shaft, and separator for ferrous parts with separating drum - Google Patents

Abstract

The drum (T) has drive shaft (T2), side windows (T3), and side panels in inner surface of drum casing (T1) of rotating unit. A material unit (M) is guided by the rotation of permanent magnet assemblies (P). The adhering region (G2) for ferrous components (M1-M3) is formed at the outer side (TA) of drum casing. The pole rods (P1-P4) of magnet assemblies are arranged radially symmetric to drive shaft, and are inserted towards the inner side of casing in direction away from drive shaft. The magnet surfaces (P19,P29,P39,P49) of pole rods are aligned onto inner surface of casing. An independent claim is included for a device for deposition of ferrous components of material unit.

Description

The invention relates to a separation drum for the separation of ferrous parts from a Materialgutstrom. This contains a rotating unit with a drive shaft and a drum shell held against rotation on side discs with an internal, revolving permanent magnet arrangement for guiding the Materialgutstromes. The permanent magnet arrangement has an integer number of pole rods extending axially relative to the drive shaft, preferably four. Their radially outwardly directed magnetic surfaces are alternately magnetized in the circumferential direction of the drum mantle. Furthermore, the pole rods are arranged radially symmetrically on the drive shaft and their magnetic surfaces directed to the inside of the drum shell, that results on the outside of a magnetic adhesion region for iron-containing parts in Materialgutstrom.

The invention further relates to a device for the separation of ferrous parts from a Materialgutstrom.

When recycling wastes having a significant metallic content, e.g. Household waste, electrical equipment, scrap metal, electric motors, etc., occur iron-containing parts of different sizes, shape and density and non-metallic residues. Thus, in a Materialgutstrom resulting from a rough mechanical pre-crushing of the waste materials to be recycled, both solids with a high iron content and solids containing only a small or without an iron content, e.g. Insulators such as glass, silicate, clay, porcelain, plastic, pulp and organic residue. The iron-containing solids, in turn, can be large in area, e.g. Sheets, etc., have a compact shape, e.g. Iron cores of electric motors, support pieces, etc., or be compact, e.g. Screws, bolts etc.

For the separation of such iron-containing parts in a mechanical way from a Materialgutstrom, which also contains insulators and particles of non-ferrous metals, such as aluminum and copper, this is fed to a so-called FE-separator. This has a separation drum with an arrangement made of permanent magnets inside and a rotating drum shell. By the permanent magnets an adhesion region for iron-containing parts is generated on a part of the drum shell. If a material material flow is supplied to the drum shell, the iron-containing parts are held on the adhesion region. This has the consequence that they are led further around the drum shell as insulators or non-ferrous particles, and thus fall due to the decrease of the magnetic attraction forces of the permanent magnet assembly and the action of gravity in other angular segments of the drum shell. There are spatially separate discharge streams for the first slipping off the drum shell insulators and the iron-containing parts. These are carried along on the drum shell until they have left the area of influence of the permanent magnets, ie the adhesion area.

An arrangement of this kind is eg in the US 5,394,991 described.

In the permanent magnet arrangement of a separation drum of the type specified above, the number and strength of the permanent magnets used and the number of poles are usually designed so that iron-containing parts detected in all sizes, shapes and densities of Anhaftbereich and on the drum shell until reaching the for throwing entrained by FE parts. Thus, even very compact iron-containing constituents should be well attracted in a material flow despite a high dead weight in relation to a small surface area. These should adhere well to the mantle of the drum and be able to be pulled around the drum far enough. They are thus due to their own weight and the decrease of the magnetic field effect, e.g. delayed on the underside of a conveyor belt guided around the separation drum, i. safely fall off on the side of a separating vertex intended for collecting iron-containing constituents.

If, on the other hand, a bulk material flow has, for example, predominantly compact metallic components and if the force of attraction exerted thereon by the magnet arrangement in the separation drum is too great, the problem arises that foreign substances, between the parts, eg sheet metal pieces, and the drum shell or a conveyor belt guided thereon, For example, pieces of plastic, trapped and taken, ie kidnapped, be. These Only fall together with the iron-containing components in the appropriate discharge zone and contaminate the rejected FE fraction.

To avoid this problem, the magnetic attraction force exerted by the permanent magnet assembly can be mitigated. Although this is possible by selecting and installing a correspondingly designed separation drum, in which the permanent magnet arrangement has less strong or a smaller number of permanent magnets and / or a small number of poles. However, since this would require considerable time and cost-consuming reconstruction measures in practice, such retrofitting in recycling plants is usually not performed.

The problem can also be avoided by the use of electromagnets inside the separation drum. An arrangement with electromagnets is structurally complex, since the electromagnets from the outside, e.g. via sliding contacts must be powered by a separate power supply. In addition, high running costs occur due to the constant power consumption and increased maintenance measures.

From the DE 268 371 A is a "magnetic separator with Gutsführung through the field gap and the opposite pole on the discharge in the direction of Gutszuführung superior extension of the attractive pole" known. Here, in the interior of a rotating discharge drum, a fixed, attracting pole with attached, adjustable lamellae and below the material supply outside of the discharge drum a counter pole is arranged. In this way, zones are formed in the field gap with decreasing field strength in the direction of discharge. The field strength can be graded accordingly by independently adjustable slats. This arrangement is complicated because the fixed pole system has a second part located outside the discharge drum in the form of a counter-pole. In addition, an adjustment of the slats only a shutdown of the system and an expansion of the attractive pole inside is possible.

From the DE 963 322 B is a "drum magnet separator" known. In this case, a fixed permanent magnet system is disposed on arcuate support strips within a rotating drum, which extends over a portion of the drum circumference. A change in the field strength of the magnets too During operation, this makes it possible for a frame carrying the magnetic pieces to be suspended in a pivotable manner at a point eccentric to the axis of rotation of the drum and to be adjustable by means of a gear which can be operated through the hollow axis of rotation of the separator. Here, too, the permanent magnet arrangement is arranged fixed in the interior of the drum. In addition, the strength of the magnetic field over a region of the drum shell can not be changed uniformly by the pivoting of the frame with the magnet pieces.

The invention is based on the object, a rotating separation drum with a revolving permanent magnet assembly inside and equipped with such a separation drum deposition device so that an adjustment of iron-containing parts in a Materialgutstrom applied magnetic attraction in a simple and drum shell uniform manner is possible ,

The object is achieved with the separation drum specified in claim 1, and with the device specified in claim 13 for the separation of ferrous parts. Advantageous further embodiments of the invention are specified in the respective subclaims.

According to the invention, the pole rods in the drum shell of the separation drum are radially symmetrical to the drive shaft in the direction of the inside of the drum shell off or from the inside away in the direction of the drive shaft retractable.

The inventive design of the separation drum makes it possible that the distance between the radially upper magnetic surfaces of the pole rods to the inside of the drum shell and thus the density of the outward magnetic field lines in the adhesion region for iron-containing parts on the outside of the drum shell is in particular continuously adjustable.

A further, particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention has adjustment means for retracting or extending the pole rods, which can be operated from outside the side windows. Hereby, the adhesion effect can be adjusted to different large iron-containing parts, eg during a short standstill without the need for reconstruction or substantial interventions. For the operator of such a separation device, this offers the advantage that the separation drum can be quickly changed over to changed compositions of a supplied Materialgutstromes, and optimizations of the system can be made without significant downtime during operation.

A device designed according to the invention for the separation of iron-containing parts from a material material flow has such a separation drum and means for feeding the stream of material material to the drum shell.

The invention offers the particular advantage that the magnetic attraction force emanating from the separation drum can be adapted in a simple manner to the current composition of a material material flow and to changed requirements of the application-dependent desired deposition results. The desired separation result is thus adjustable. The magnetic attraction force can be determined by means of the invention e.g. be set so that poorly magnetizable parts with a low FE content and small, e.g. spherical parts are less attracted. These then fall earlier from the drum shell and enter the fraction with non-ferrous components. This, in turn, results in a higher purity of the fraction intended for ferrous constituents. In addition, less by-catch occurs due to carry-over of undesirable components, e.g. Plastics in this fraction.

With the aid of the invention, the magnetic flux density required for generating a magnetic attraction on the outside of the separation drum can now also be adjusted in an application-dependent manner in the case of a robust, low-maintenance separator with an internal, revolving permanent magnet arrangement without costly conversion measures. It can thus be dispensed with the use of electromagnets.

Fig. 1

im Schnitt die Abwurfzone einer Abscheidungsvorrichtung für eisenhaltige Teile mit einem ersten Ausführungsbeispiel einer erfindungsgemäßen Separationstrommel und einem Fördergurt, wobei die Separationstrommel eine mitlaufende Permanentmagnetanordnung mit vier abwechselnd magnetisierten Polstäben im Inneren eines Trommelmantels aufweist, welche in Richtung auf die Innenseite des Trommelmantels ausgefahren sind,

Fig. 2

die Abscheidungsvorrichtung von Fig. 1, wobei die Polstäbe der Permanentmagnetanordnung in der Separationstrommel von der Innenseite des Trommelmantels weg in Richtung auf die Antriebswelle eingefahren sind, und

Fig. 3-8

eine weitere Ausführungsform für eine gemäß der Erfindung ausgeführte Separationstrommel, wobei besonders vorteilhaft zwei Spreizsterne mit radial kippbaren Kniehebeln zum radialsymmetrischen Ein- bzw. Ausfahren der Polstäbe relativ zur Antriebswelle auf deren Unterseiten einwirken, wobei im Detail gezeigt ist in

Fig. 3

die Separationstrommel in einer perspektiven Seitenansicht, wobei die Polstäbe der Permanentmagnetanordnung radialsymmetrisch vollständig ausgefahren sind, d.h. die radial nach außen gerichteten Magnetflächen der Polstäbe nahezu direkt unter der Innenseite des Mantels der Separationstrommel liegen,

Fig. 4

die Separationstrommel von Fig. 3 in einem Längsschnitt, wobei die Kniehebel der Spreizsterne an zwei Ringen drehbar gelagert sind, und die Verschieberinge axial auf der Antriebwelle so verschoben sind, dass die Kniehebel vollständig abgespreizt und die Polstäbe der Permanentmagnetanordnung bis zur Innenseite des Trommelmantels ausgefahren sind,

Fig. 5

die Separationstrommel von Fig. 3 in einer perspektiven Seitenansicht, wobei die Polstäbe der Permanentmagnetanordnung radialsymmetrisch vollständig in Richtung auf die Antriebswelle eingefahren sind, so dass ein Luftspalt zwischen den radial nach außen gerichteten Magnetflächen der Polstäbe und der Innenseite des Mantels der Separationstrommel auftritt,

Fig. 6

die Separationstrommel von Fig. 5 in einem Längsschnitt, wobei die Verschieberinge auf der Antriebwelle so verfahren sind, dass die Kniehebel an die Antriebswelle angelegt und die Polstäbe der Permanentmagnetanordnung unter Bildung eines Luftspalts gegenüber der Innenseite des Trommelmantels eingefahren sind,

Fig. 7, 8

die Separationstrommeln von Fig. 3 bzw. 5 jeweils in einem Querschnitt und mit Blick auf die Innenseite einer Seitenscheibe,

Fig. 9-14

eine weitere Ausführungsform für eine gemäß der Erfindung ausgeführte Separationstrommel, wobei besonders vorteilhaft zwei axial auf der Antriebswelle verschiebbare Kegelstumpfstücke zum radialsymmetrischen Ein- bzw. Ausfahren der Polstäbe relativ zur Antriebswelle auf deren Unterseiten einwirken, wobei im Detail gezeigt ist in

Fig. 9

die Separationstrommel in einer perspektiven Seitenansicht, wobei die Polstäbe der Permanentmagnetanordnung radialsymmetrisch vollständig ausgefahren sind, d.h. die radial nach außen gerichteten Magnetflächen der Polstäbe nahezu direkt unter der Innenseite des Mantels der Separationstrommel liegen,

Fig. 10

die Separationstrommel von Fig. 9 in einem Längsschnitt, wobei die Kegelstumpfstücke auf der Antriebwelle so verschoben sind, dass die Polstäbe der Permanentmagnetanordnung radialsymmetrisch vollständig bis zur Innenseite des Trommelmantels ausgefahren sind,

Fig. 11

die beispielhafte Separationstrommel von Fig. 9 bzw. 10 in einem Querschnitt,

Fig. 12

die Separationstrommel von Fig. 9 in einer perspektiven Seitenansicht, wobei die Polstäbe der Permanentmagnetanordnung radialsymmetrisch vollständig in Richtung auf die Antriebswelle eingefahren sind, so dass ein Luftspalt zwischen den radial nach außen gerichteten Magnetflächen der Polstäbe und der Innenseite des Mantels der Separationstrommel auftritt,

Fig. 13

die Separationstrommel von Fig. 12 in einem Längsschnitt, wobei die Kegelstumpfstücke auf der Antriebwelle so verschoben sind, dass die Polstäbe der Permanentmagnetanordnung unter Bildung eines Luftspalts gegenüber der Innenseite des Trommelmantels in Richtung auf die Antriebswelle eingefahren sind,

Fig. 14

die beispielhafte Separationstrommel von Fig. 12 bzw. 13 in einem Querschnitt,

Fig. 15-20

eine weitere Ausführungsform für eine gemäß der Erfindung ausgeführte Separationstrommel, wobei die Polstäbe der Permanentmagnetanordnung an den radialen Außenseiten mehr als eine parallel nebeneinander liegende Polreihe mit jeweils einer abwechselnden Magnetisierung (S, N, S; N, S, N; S, N, S; N, S, N) aufweisen, wobei im Detail gezeigt ist in

Fig. 15

im Schnitt die Abwurfzone einer Abscheidungsvorrichtung für eisenhaltige Teile mit einem Ausführungsbeispiel einer derartigen Separationstrommel und einem Fördergurt, wobei die vier Polstäbe der mitlaufenden Permanentmagnetanordnung jeweils drei Polreihen mit abwechselnder Magnetisierung aufweisen, und die Polstäbe in Richtung auf die Innenseite des Trommelmantels vollständig ausgefahren sind,

Fig. 16

die Abscheidungsvorrichtung von Fig. 15, wobei die Polstäbe der Permanentmagnetanordnung in der Separationstrommel von der Innenseite des Trommelmantels weg in Richtung auf die Antriebswelle eingefahren sind,

Fig. 17

eine perspektivische Draufsicht auf das eine Ende der Separationstrommel von Fig. 15,

Fig. 18

einen Längsschnitt durch das andere Ende der Separationstrommel von Fig. 17, wobei die Kniehebel des zumindest einen Spreizsterns vollständig von der Antriebswelle abgekippt sind,

Fig. 19

eine perspektivische Draufsicht auf das eine Ende der Separationstrommel von Fig. 16, und

Fig. 20

einen Längsschnitt durch das andere Ende der Separationstrommel von Fig. 16 bzw. 19, wobei die Kniehebel des zumindest einen Spreizsterns vollständig an die Antriebswelle angelegt sind.

Fig. 1 zeigt ein erstes Ausführungsbeispiel einer erfindungsgemäßen Separationstrommel T im Schnitt. Diese ist mit einer mitlaufenden Permanentmagnetanordnung P mit z.B. vier abwechselnd magnetisch ausgerichteten Polstäben P1, P2, P3, P4 im Inneren ausgestattet und in der Abwurfzone B einer Abscheidungsvorrichtung C für eisenhaltige Teile, auch Separator bzw. FE-Abscheider genannt, angeordnet. Die Polstäbe P1, P2, P3, P4 der Permanentmagnetanordnung, d.h. die radial nach außen gerichteten Magnetflächen P19, P29, P39, P49 der Polstäbe, nehmen abwechselnd magnetische Nordpole N und Südpole S ein. Erfindungsgemäß sind die Polstäbe in Fig. 1 soweit wie möglich ausgefahren, d.h. die Magnetflächen der Polstäbe liegen nahezu direkt unter der Innenseite TI des rotierenden Mantels T1 der Separationstrommel T. Der Abstand A der Magnetflächen P19, P29, P39, P49 von der Innenseite TI ist somit nahezu null. Die davon ausgehende magnetische Flussdichte reicht somit bis weit auf die Außenseite TA des Trommelmantels T1, so dass die damit auf eisenhaltige Teile auf dem Trommelmantel ausübbare magnetische Anziehungskraft einen größtmöglichen Wert annimmt.The invention and further advantageous embodiments thereof are explained in more detail below with reference to exemplary embodiments illustrated in which FIGS. Show

Fig. 1

in section the discharge zone of a separator for iron-containing parts with a first embodiment of a separation drum according to the invention and a conveyor belt, wherein the separation drum has a follower permanent magnet arrangement with four alternately magnetized pole rods inside a drum shell, which are extended towards the inside of the drum shell,

Fig. 2

the deposition device of Fig. 1 wherein the pole pieces of the permanent magnet assembly in the separation drum are retracted away from the inside of the drum shell in the direction of the drive shaft, and

Fig. 3-8

a further embodiment of a running according to the invention separation drum, wherein particularly advantageous two expanding stars with radially tiltable toggle lever for radially symmetric extension or retraction of the pole relative to the drive shaft acting on the undersides thereof, which is shown in detail in FIG

Fig. 3

the separation drum in a perspective side view, wherein the pole rods of the permanent magnet arrangement are radially symmetrically fully extended, ie the radially outwardly directed magnetic surfaces of the pole rods are almost directly under the inside of the shell of the separation drum,

Fig. 4

the separation drum of Fig. 3 in a longitudinal section, wherein the toggle levers of the expansion stars are rotatably mounted on two rings, and the displacement rings are axially displaced on the drive shaft so that the toggle lever is completely spread and the pole rods of the permanent magnet assembly are extended to the inside of the drum shell,

Fig. 5

the separation drum of Fig. 3 in a perspective side view, wherein the pole rods of the permanent magnet arrangement are moved radially symmetrically completely in the direction of the drive shaft, so that an air gap between the radially outwardly directed magnetic surfaces of the pole rods and the inside the shell of the separation drum occurs,

Fig. 6

the separation drum of Fig. 5 in a longitudinal section, wherein the Verschieberinge are moved on the drive shaft so that the toggle lever applied to the drive shaft and the pole pieces of the permanent magnet assembly are retracted to form an air gap with respect to the inside of the drum shell,

Fig. 7, 8

the separation drums of Fig. 3 or 5 in each case in a cross section and with a view of the inside of a side window,

Fig. 9-14

a further embodiment of a running according to the invention separation drum, wherein particularly advantageous two axially displaceable on the drive shaft truncated cone pieces for radially symmetric extension or retraction of the pole rods relative to the drive shaft acting on the undersides, which is shown in detail in FIG

Fig. 9

the separation drum in a perspective side view, wherein the pole rods of the permanent magnet arrangement are radially symmetrically fully extended, ie the radially outwardly directed magnetic surfaces of the pole rods are almost directly under the inside of the shell of the separation drum,

Fig. 10

the separation drum of Fig. 9 in a longitudinal section, wherein the truncated cone pieces are displaced on the drive shaft so that the pole rods of the permanent magnet arrangement are extended radially symmetrically completely to the inside of the drum shell,

Fig. 11

the exemplary separation drum of Fig. 9 or 10 in a cross section,

Fig. 12

the separation drum of Fig. 9 in a perspective side view, wherein the pole rods of the permanent magnet arrangement are radially symmetrically completely retracted in the direction of the drive shaft, so that an air gap between the radially to outwardly directed magnetic surfaces of the pole rods and the inside of the jacket of the separation drum occurs,

Fig. 13

the separation drum of Fig. 12 in a longitudinal section, wherein the truncated cone pieces are displaced on the drive shaft so that the pole rods of the permanent magnet arrangement are retracted in the direction of the drive shaft with the formation of an air gap with respect to the inside of the drum shell,

Fig. 14

the exemplary separation drum of Fig. 12 or 13 in a cross section,

Fig. 15-20

a further embodiment of a separation drum according to the invention, wherein the pole pieces of the permanent magnet arrangement at the radial outer sides more than one parallel adjacent pole row, each with an alternating magnetization (S, N, S, N, S, N, S, N, S ; N, S, N), shown in detail in FIG

Fig. 15

in section the discharge zone of a separator for ferrous parts with an embodiment of such a separation drum and a conveyor belt, wherein the four pole rods of the revolving permanent magnet arrangement each have three pole rows with alternating magnetization, and the pole rods are fully extended towards the inside of the drum shell,

Fig. 16

the deposition device of Fig. 15 wherein the pole pieces of the permanent magnet arrangement in the separation drum are retracted away from the inside of the drum shell in the direction of the drive shaft,

Fig. 17

a perspective top view of the one end of the separation drum of Fig. 15 .

Fig. 18

a longitudinal section through the other end of the separation drum of Fig. 17 , wherein the toggle of at least one Spreizsterns are completely tilted from the drive shaft,

Fig. 19

a perspective top view of the one end of the separation drum of Fig. 16 , and

Fig. 20

a longitudinal section through the other end of the separation drum of Fig. 16 or 19, wherein the toggle of the at least one spreader are completely applied to the drive shaft.

Fig. 1 shows a first embodiment of a separation drum T according to the invention in section. This is equipped with a revolving permanent magnet arrangement P with, for example, four alternating magnetically oriented pole rods P1, P2, P3, P4 in the interior and arranged in the discharge zone B of a deposition apparatus C for ferrous parts, also called a separator or FE separator. The pole rods P1, P2, P3, P4 of the permanent magnet arrangement, ie the radially outwardly directed magnetic surfaces P19, P29, P39, P49 of the pole rods, alternately take magnetic north poles N and south poles S. According to the invention, the pole rods are in Fig. 1 extended as far as possible, ie the magnetic surfaces of the pole rods are almost directly under the inside TI of the rotating shell T1 of the separation drum T. The distance A of the magnetic surfaces P19, P29, P39, P49 from the inside TI is thus almost zero. The magnetic flux density emanating therefrom thus extends far to the outer side TA of the drum shell T1, so that the magnetic attraction force exerted on iron-containing parts on the drum shell assumes the greatest possible value.

The separation drum T of the invention is used for the separation of ferrous parts from a Materialgutstrom M. This is in the example of Fig. 1 introduced via an additional conveyor belt E. These are exemplified by different forms such as large solids M1 with high FE content, eg sheets, compact solid M2 with high FE content, eg iron cores, small solids M3 with high FE content, eg screws, small solids M4 without FE share , eg broken glass, and large solid M5 without FE-component, eg insulators or particles of a non-ferrous metal, symbolizes. The separation drum T includes a rotating drum shell T1 with a drive shaft T2 made of a non-magnetizable material, eg stainless steel V4A or manganese steel.

The separation drum T according to the invention thus makes it possible, for example, to indirectly guide a material material flow M via an additional conveyor belt E, as in the example of FIG Figures 1 and 2 is shown. However, the use of the separation drum T according to the invention is not limited to this application. This can also be used, for example, as a separate component in a complex technical system.

In the example of Figures 1 and 2 For example, the permanent magnet arrangement P has four pole bars P1, P2, P3, P4 mounted radially symmetrically on the drive shaft and mutually magnetized in the circumferential direction of the drum shell T1. Their radially symmetrically outwardly directed lateral surfaces P19, P29, P39, P49 thus have alternately a magnetic south or north pole, ie over the circumference of the drum shell T1, the magnetizations N, S, N and S are evenly distributed. Depending on the size of the separation drum and the design of the poles forming magnets, the permanent magnet assembly P may also have a different, integer number of pole rods, for example, 2, 6, 8 ..., ie higher or lower pole.

These are arranged radially symmetrically in the drum shell T1 so that on the outside of the drum shell T1 in the example of Figures 1 and 2 an adhesion region G2 for iron-containing parts M1, M2, M3 in the material flow M results. In the separator C shown in the example, according to the invention, the drum shell T1 together with the side windows T3, T4 and the internal, revolving permanent magnet arrangement P and the drive shaft T2 of the separation drum T form a rotating unit. All elements are held against rotation on the drive shaft T2. The permanent magnet arrangement P fills the drum jacket T1 radially symmetrically. The means for feeding the Materialgutstromes M also have a conveyor belt G. This provides a Aufschüttbereich G1 for Materialgutstrom M, is performed to form an adhesion region G2 for iron-containing parts M1, M2, M3 to a portion of the drum shell T1, and advantageously outside the display areas of Fig. 1, 2 closed in a ring.

In the separation drum C according to the invention, the pole rods P1, P2, P3, P4 of the permanent magnet arrangement P in the drum shell T1 radially to the drive shaft T2 towards the inside TI of the drum mantle T1 extendable or again away from the inside TI toward the drive shaft T2 retractable. The radial distance A of the top magnetic surfaces P19, P29, P39, P49 of the pole bars P1, P2, P3, P4 to the inside TI of the drum shell T1 and thus the density of the magnetic field lines in the adhesion region G2 for the ferrous parts M1, M2, M3 the outside TA is currently adjustable by a plant operator depending on the respective degree of utilization of the deposition device.

So shows Fig. 2 the separation drum T of Fig. 1 in a state in which the pole rods P1-P4 of the permanent magnet arrangement P are retracted according to the invention in the direction of the drive shaft T2. The magnetic flux density and thus the force exerted on iron-containing parts on the drum shell attraction are thus reduced. In Fig. 2 This can be seen from the fact that the magnetic surfaces P19, P29, P39, P49 are withdrawn with the alternating magnetic north and south poles N, S in the interior of the drum shell T1 and take a much greater distance A to the inside TI. This adjustability according to the invention allows an application-dependent adaptability of the deposition effect exerted on iron-containing parts M1, M2, M3 in a material material flow M, and thus a controllability of the composition of the respective discharge streams.

Thus, in the fully extended state of the pole rods in the example of Fig. 1 both large and compact solids M1, M2 with high Fe fractions, eg plates, iron cores, etc., as well as small solids M3 with a high FE content, eg screws, strongly attracted in the adhesion region G2 and on the conveyor belt E far around the drum shell T1 taken. It is thus causes a strong separation of solids with or without iron content. Thus, both small solid particles M4 without FE component, eg broken glass, and large solid particles M5 without FE component, for example insulators or particles of a non-ferrous metal, slide off the drum shell T1 in a first discharge zone G3. They form a first discharge stream B1, which is in Fig. 1 to the right of a separating vertex BS. In contrast, all solids are taken with iron content to a second discharge zone G4, which lies on the edge of the sphere of influence of the permanent magnet assembly under the conveyor belt E. The local second discharge stream B2 contains solid M1, M2, M3 with FE-share and accumulates to the left of the separating vertex BS.

In the fully retracted state of the pole rods according to the example of

Fig. 2 However, only large solids M1 are held with high Fe ratios, such as sheets, in the adhesion region G2 and taken on the conveyor belt E far to the drum shell T1. These thus form a fourth discharge stream B4 of large-area solids with FE content, which in the example of Fig. 2 accumulates to the left of the separating vertex BS.

On the other hand, both compact solids M2 with high Fe contents, eg iron cores, and small solids M3 with a high FE content, eg screws, are less strongly attracted in the adhesion region G2. These thus fall earlier from the drum shell T1 and form with the small solids M4 without FE-share, eg glass splinters, and the large solids M5 without FE-share, such as insulators or particles of non-ferrous metal, a third discharge stream B3. This accumulates in the example of Fig. 2 to the right of the separating vertex BS. Thus, a less pronounced separation of solids with or without iron content is effected, but large solids with a possibly high FE content are preferred and thus separated separately.

Due to the particular continuous, variable as possible inflexibility and extensibility of the pole rods, the attraction effect on iron-containing parts and thus the respectively desired degree of separation of the separation drum according to the invention can be optimally adjusted. In particular, a machine operator can adjust in such a case any application-dependent desired intermediate position between the fully extended or retracted state of the pole rods. In addition, a quantity of material may be collected by a user e.g. be fed several times in succession to the separator C. If the adjustment of the separator according to the invention is adjusted between these runs, i. the distance A of the magnetic surfaces of the pole rods adjusted from the inner wall, so specific specific particles can be obtained from the Materialgutstrom.

Based on FIGS. 3 to 8 a particularly advantageous further embodiment of a separation drum according to the invention is explained below.

This one has the in Fig. 1 and 2 example shown comparable type. So shows Fig. 3 the separation drum T in a perspective side view. In this case, the pole rods P1, P2, P3, P4 of the permanent magnet arrangement P again almost completely extended. The radially outwardly directed magnetic surfaces P19, P29 of the pole rods, which alternately take magnetic north poles N and south poles S, are almost directly under the rotating jacket T1 of the separation drum T. This is for reasons of clarity in the Figures 3 . 5 . 9, 10 . 12, 13 . 17 and 19 not shown, in particular in a perspective plan view to allow insight into the interior of the respective separation drum T. The magnetic flux density emanating therefrom thus extends far to the outer side TA of the drum shell, so that the magnetic attraction force exerted on iron-containing parts on the drum shell can assume the greatest possible value.

The permanent magnet arrangement in the example of FIGS. 3 to 6 is four-pole and has the alternately magnetized and axially, parallel to the drive shaft T2 extending pole rods P1, P2, P3, P4. In this case, the first pole rod P1, for example, consists of six stacks P10, P11 - P15, each with two superimposed permanent magnets. These are on the radially inward side on a common iron back rod P16, ie a magnetic yoke, placed. The overhead, radially outwardly directed magnetic surfaces P19 of the stacks P10, P11-P15 form a series of magnetic north pole N.

Correspondingly, the second pole bar P2 has a row of six stacks P20, P21-P25, each consisting of two superimposed permanent magnets on a common iron back bar P26 and outer magnetic surfaces P29 with a magnetic south pole S. Correspondingly, the third pole rod P3 also has a row of six stacks P30, P31-P35, each comprising two superimposed permanent magnets with an iron backing rod P36 and outer magnetic surfaces P39 with a magnetic north pole N. Consequently, the fourth pole piece P4 also has a row of six stacks P40, P41-P45 of two permanent magnets with an iron back rod P46 and outside magnetic surfaces P49 with a magnetic south pole S. Due to the respective cutting lines and perspectives, however, some elements of the fourth pole piece P4 are hidden in the figures.

According to the separation drum T is equipped with side windows, which are connected against rotation with the drive shaft T2 and a support in particular provide for the outer edges of the drum shell T1. In the examples of FIGS. 1 to 14 For this purpose, the side windows T3, T4, in the examples of FIGS. 15 to 20 the side windows T7, T8 provided. These serve in particular as a support of the drum shell and close the interior of the separation drum to the outside.

According to further advantageous embodiments of the invention, the side windows on the inner sides can also provide additional radial guide grooves for the front ends of the pole rods of the permanent magnet arrangement. These guide grooves support a precise extension and retraction of the pole rods in the drum shell radially symmetrical to the drive shaft according to the invention. About this guide the pole rods are also kept safe even at high speeds of the separation drum, so that the side windows on the drive shaft as Mitnehmerscheiben for the inside, co-rotating permanent magnet system P serve.

In the example of FIGS. 3 to 8 For this purpose, radial guide grooves T31-T34 and T41-T44 are advantageously provided on the inner surfaces of the side windows T3, T4 for insertion and radial guidance of the front ends of the pole rods P1, P2, P3, P4. The radial guide grooves T31-T34 and T41-T44 are laterally delimited by guide rods T6 placed on the insides of the side windows T3, T4. In the example of FIGS. 15 to 20 the radial guide grooves T71-T74 and T81-T84 are formed by trough-shaped depressions on the inner surfaces of the local side windows T7, T8. These can be formed, for example, by milling or milling recesses. These also serve for insertion and radial guidance of the front ends of the pole rods Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4 of the local permanent magnet arrangement Q.

In the example of FIGS. 3 to 8 and in the example of FIGS. 15 to 20 are for extending and retracting the pole rods P1-P4 and Q1-Q4 of the respective permanent magnet arrangement P, Q advantageously two expansion stars K and L with one on the drive shaft T2 axially displaceable ring K0 or L0 available. Furthermore, in each case four toggle K5 to K8 or L5 to L8 are present, each at one end to the corresponding ring K0 and L0 and respectively at the other end on the radial to the drive shaft T2 directed underside of an associated Polstabes P1-P4 or Q1 -Q4 tiltably mounted in the radial direction. With the help of displacement means, which on the rings K0 or L0 act, the rocker arms are folded in and out and hereby the pole rods P1-P4 or Q1-Q4 retracted or extended.

Show this Fig. 3 respectively. Fig. 17 the separation drum T in a perspective side view. In this case, the pole rods of the permanent magnet arrangement P and Q are in turn almost completely extended, so that the radially outwardly directed magnetic surfaces of the pole rods are located close to the jacket of the separation drum. The magnetic flux density and the thus exerted on iron-containing parts on the drum shell attraction thus assume the highest possible value. Fig. 4 respectively. Fig. 18 shows the separation drum of Fig. 3 respectively. Fig. 17 each in a longitudinal section. In this case, the rings K0 and L0 are moved on the drive shaft T2 in such a way that all toggle levers are spread apart by the drive shaft T2.

Such as from the section of Fig. 4 it can be seen, the first expansion star K has an axially displaceable on the drive shaft T2 ring K0. On its lateral surface four retaining lugs K1, K2, K3, K4 are mounted with pivot pins at a distance of 90 degrees for each of the four toggle K5, K6, K7, K8. Hereby, the toggle lever in the direction of the drive shaft on or are hinged. In each case, a toggle K5, K6, K7, K8 assigned to a Polstab P1-P4 and rotatably mounted on a longitudinal slot K9 with pivot pins on the underside of the respective Polstabes. Preferably, the longitudinal slots K9 are milled into the undersides of the iron back bars P16, P26, P36, P46.

Such as from the section of Fig. 4 or the Fig. 18 can be seen, the second expansion star L is constructed according to the first expansion star K, but advantageously pushed in the opposite direction to the drive shaft T2. On the lateral surface of an axially slidable ring L0 turn four retaining lugs L1 - L4 are mounted with pivot pins at a distance of about 90 degrees for each of the four toggle lever L5, L6, L7, L8. Hereby, the toggle lever in the direction of the drive shaft on or are hinged. In each case, a toggle lever L5-L8 is in turn assigned to a pole rod P1-P4 or Q1-Q4 and is rotatably supported by a longitudinal slot L9 with pivot pins on the underside of the respective pole rod. Preferably, the longitudinal slots L9 in the example of FIGS. 3 to 8 in the lower sides of the iron back bars P16, P26, P36, P46 or in the example of FIGS. 15 to 20 in straps Q14, Q24, Q34, Q44, as shown in the cross sections of FIGS. 15 and 16 visible, milled.

The toggle preferably engage in the region of the ends of the pole rods on their undersides and are in the example of FIGS. 3 to 8 and in the example of FIGS. 15 to 20 advantageously arranged so that they have opposite folding directions. For driving the rings K0, L0 and for carrying out the folding movements, an additional threaded rod R can advantageously be used as a displacement means. In the example of FIGS. 4 . 6 this is advantageously designed as a double threaded rod with a first and second opposite threaded portion R1, R2. The threaded portions R1, R2 are supported in the side windows T3, T4 of the drum shell T1 and preferably mounted via threaded eyes R3, R4 as a driver on the first, second ring K0, L0. By a rotation of the threaded rod R, the rings K0, L0 are axially displaced on the drive shaft T2 in the opposite direction. This has an application or folding of the rocker arm and as a result of the extension and retraction of each associated pole rods result.

The ends of the threaded rod R are advantageously led out through the side windows T3, T4 and T7, T8 to the outer sides and operated there by additional adjustment means R5. In the example of FIGS. 3 to 6 and the FIGS. 18, 19 These ends are provided with actuators, eg with a hexagonal head. By way of this, the threaded rod R can be operated to extend or retract the pole rods P1-P4 or Q1-Q4 from outside the side windows T3, T4 or T7, T8.

The Fig. 5 respectively. Fig. 19 show the separation drum T of Fig. 3 respectively. Fig. 17 again in a perspective view. In this case, the pole rods P1-P4 or Q1-Q4 of the respective permanent magnet arrangement P or Q are retracted radially symmetrically in the direction of the drive shaft T2 according to the invention. Now occurs a significant distance A between the radially outwardly directed magnetic surfaces at the top ends of the pole rods P1-P4 and Q1-Q4 and the inside TI of the shell T1 of the separation drum T. Because of this air gap, the magnetic flux density and the attractive force exerted on iron-containing parts on the drum shell are reduced.

The Fig. 6 and Fig. 20 shows the separation drum of Fig. 5 respectively. Fig. 19 in a longitudinal section. The Verschieberinge on the drive shaft are moved so that the toggle lever applied to the drive shaft T2 and the pole pieces of the permanent magnet assembly to form an air gap or Distance A are retracted. The magnetic flux density and the attractive force exerted on iron-containing parts are thus reduced.

Finally, the show FIGS. 7 or 8, the separation drum of Fig. 3, 4 or 5, 6 in a cross section, each with a view of the inside of the side window T3. It is in the Fig. 7 or 8 of the expansion star K shown in the tilted from the drive shaft T2 and applied to the jacket of the drive shaft T2 state. Accordingly, the pole rods of the permanent magnet arrangement assume the extended or retracted state.

Accordingly, the show FIGS. 15 or 16, the separation drum of Fig. 17, 18 or 19, 20 in a cross section, each with a view of the inside of the side window T8. It is in the Fig. 15 or 16 of the spreader L shown in the tipped by the drive shaft T2 and applied to the jacket of the drive shaft T2 state. Accordingly, the pole rods Q1-Q4 of the permanent magnet assembly Q assume the extended state.

Based on FIGS. 9 to 14 a further embodiment of a separation drum according to the invention will be explained in more detail below.

Fig. 9 shows the separation drum T in a perspective side view. In this case, the pole rods P1-P4 of the permanent magnet arrangement P are fully extended, so that the radially outer magnetic surfaces P19, P29, P39, P49 are placed close to the jacket of the separation drum. The magnetic flux density and the attractive force exerted on iron-containing parts on the drum shell take on the greatest possible value.

In this exemplary embodiment of the separation drum T, pairs of sliding wedges P16a, P16b and P26a, P26b and P36a, P36b and P46a, P46b are provided on the undersides of the pole bars P1, P2, P3, P4 directed radially to the drive shaft T2, preferably on the iron back bars P16 , P26, P36, P46. Furthermore, in Fig. 9 to 14 advantageously two truncated cone pieces W1, W2 with four chamfered sides present and via holes W11, W21 for the implementation of the drive shaft T2 in opposite directions on this axially displaceable. These are in communication with the sliding wedges P16a, P16b and P26a, P26b and P36a, P36b and P46a, P46b in such a way that the pole rods P1-P4 via the bevelled sides are radially symmetrically retracted and extended. Advantageously, additional threaded bolts W12, W22 are available. These are each supported in the side window T3, T4 of the drum shell T1 and stored in the truncated cone pieces W1, W2 so that it is axially displaceable by rotation of the threaded bolt W12, W22 on the drive shaft.

Advantageously, the ends of the threaded bolt W12, W22 are also led out through the side windows T3, T4 up to the outer sides and operated there by additional adjustment means. These ends are advantageously provided with actuators, e.g. with a hexagon head. By way of this, the threaded bolts W12, W22 can be operated to extend or retract the pole rods P1-P4 from outside the side windows T3, T4.

Fig. 10 shows the separation drum of Fig. 9 in a longitudinal section. In this case, the two truncated cone pieces W1, W2 are axially displaced on the drive shaft so that the pole rods are fully extended. Fig. 11 shows the separation drum of Fig. 9, 10th accordingly in a cross section.

Fig. 12 shows the separation drum of Fig. 9 in a perspective side view. In this case, the pole rods P1-P4 of the permanent magnet arrangement P are retracted radially symmetrically in the direction of the drive shaft according to the invention. Thus, an air gap occurs between the outer magnetic surfaces P19, P29, P39, P49 of the pole rods and the inside of the jacket of the separation drum. The magnetic flux density and the attractive force exerted on iron-containing parts on the drum shell are reduced.

Fig. 13 shows, comparable to Fig. 10 , the separation drum of Fig. 12 in a longitudinal section. In this case, the truncated cone pieces W1, W2 are displaced on the drive shaft so that the pole rods of the permanent magnet arrangement are retracted to form an air gap. Fig. 14 shows, comparable to Fig. 11 , the separation drum of Fig. 12, 13 in a cross section.

Based on FIGS. 15 to 20 a further embodiment of a separation drum according to the invention will be explained in more detail below.

The cross-sectional representations correspond to the FIGS. 15 and 16 the representations of Fig. 1 and 2 , The Fig. 15 or 16 show the separation drum Again, in states where the pole rods Q1-Q4 of the permanent magnet assembly Q are either fully extended or fully retracted. The effects thereof on the individual discharge streams B1 - B4 are corresponding, so that to the above comments to Fig. 1, 2 can be referenced.

In comparison to the example of Figures 1 and 2 However, the permanent magnet arrangement Q is advantageously carried out differently. In this case, the pole rods Q1 or Q2 or Q3 or Q4 of the permanent magnet arrangement Q at the radial outer sides more than one parallel adjacent pole row. In the example of FIGS. 15 to 20 these are three pole rows per pole rod, ie Q11-Q13 or Q21-Q23 or Q31-Q33 or Q41-Q43, each with an alternating magnetization S, N, S or N, S, N or S, N, S and N, S, N. In addition, the pole rows of each Polstabs Q1 and Q2 and Q3 and Q4 are arranged on an underlying support Q14 or Q24 or Q34 and Q44 so that their radial outwardly directed magnetic surfaces are aligned as tangential to the inner and outer sides TI, TA of the drum shell T1. Advantageously, each pole row is placed on each of its own, continuous iron back bar.

This has the advantage that in the fully extended state of the pole rods, as in the FIGS. 15 . 17 and 18 represented, the magnetic surfaces of the rows of poles almost directly on the inside TI of the drum shell T1 rest. Since virtually no air gap occurs, the magnetic field can extend as far as possible to the outside TA. In the example of FIGS. 15 to 20 the radial distance A of the magnetic surfaces of the pole rods Q1-Q4 from the inside TI of the drum shell T1 is preferably adjustable in the range of 0 to a maximum of 20 mm.

This effect can be further enhanced by the fact that the magnetic areas of the pole rows of the pole rods Q1-Q4 can be made smaller than the magnetic area of each pole pole P1-P4. In addition, the division of the magnetic surfaces over several rows of poles per pole rod offers the possibility that the rows of poles can be distributed more uniformly on the circumference of the permanent magnet arrangement. There are thus small gaps, especially in the extended state of the pole rods Q1-Q4 as in the example of FIG. 1 , This also contributes to amplification of the magnetic field on the Outside TA especially at large-scale separation drums.

Of course, this embodiment of the invention is not limited to three rows of poles per pole. Depending on the diameter of the drum shell, for example, only two or even more than three rows of poles can be provided per pole rod. In addition, depending on requirements, a division into, for example, more than four pole rods. <U> REFERENCE LIST </ u> M Materialgutstrom M1 large-scale solids with a high FE content, eg sheets M2 compact solids with a high FE content, eg iron cores M3 small solids with a high FE content, eg screws M4 small solids without FE content, eg broken glass M5 large solids without FE content, eg insulators or particles of a non-ferrous metal B drop zone B1 first discharge stream from solids without FE content B2 second discharge stream from solids with eg high FE content B3 third discharge stream from solids without FE content and small or compact solids with FE content B4 fourth discharge stream from large solids with FE content BS separating crowns G1 Aufschüttbereich G2 Adhesion range for solids with FE content G3 first discharge zone for solids without FE content G4 second discharge zone for solids with FE content C Separator for ferrous particles ("FE separator") with a conveyor belt for material flow e conveyor belt U Circulation or rotation direction T separation barrel T1 rotating drum shell made of non-magnetisable material, eg stainless steel V4A, manganese high-carbon steel TI, TA Inside or outside of the drum mantle T2 drive shaft T3 first side window, in particular a drive plate on the drive shaft T31-T34 radial star-shaped guide grooves on the inner surface T4 second side window, in particular a drive plate on the drive shaft T41-T44 radial star-shaped guide grooves on the inner surface T6 Guide rods on inner surfaces of the side windows T3, T4 for lateral delimitation of the radial guide grooves T7 third side window, in particular a drive plate on the drive shaft T71-T74 radial, star-shaped guide grooves on the inner surface T8 fourth side window, in particular a drive plate on the drive shaft T81-T84 radial, star-shaped guide grooves on the inner surface P exemplary permanent magnet arrangement of four star-shaped attached to the drive shaft follower pole rods S, N magnetic south and north poles A Distance between magnetic surfaces to the inside of the drum shell P1 first pole (a series of N poles) P11-P15 Stack of permanent magnets P16 Ironspine Staff P16a, P16b Slide wedges on iron back bar P19 overhead magnetic surfaces P2 second pole (a series of S poles) P21-P25 Stack of permanent magnets P26 Ironspine Staff P26a, P26b Slide wedges on iron back bar P29 overhead magnetic surfaces P3 third pole (a series of N poles) P31-P35 Stack of permanent magnets P36 Ironspine Staff P36a, P36b Slide wedges on iron back bar P39 overhead magnetic surfaces P4 fourth pole (a series of S poles) P41-P45 Stack of permanent magnets P46 Ironspine Staff P46a, P46b Slide wedges on iron back bar P49 overhead magnetic surfaces W1, W2 Truncated cone pieces with four beveled sides, axially displaceable on drive shaft W11, W21 Holes for carrying drive shaft W12, W22 Threaded bolt for axial displacement of the truncated cone pieces with actuators on the outer sides of the side windows K first spreading star K0 first ring, axially displaceable on drive shaft T2 K1-K4 Holding lugs with pintle on the lateral surface of the first ring at a distance of approx. 90 degrees K5-K8 toggle K9 Longitudinal slots with pivot pins L second spreading star L0 second ring, axially displaceable on drive shaft T2 L1-L4 Holding lugs with pintle on the lateral surface of the second ring at a distance of approx. 90 degrees L5-L8 toggle L9 Longitudinal slots with pivot pins R Threaded rod, eg double threaded rod, externally operable R1, R2 first, second opposite threaded area R3, R4 Threaded eyelets as a driver on the ring K0 or L0 R5 Actuator for the threaded rod on the outside of a Side window, eg hexagonal heads Q second exemplary permanent magnet arrangement Q1 first pole Q11-Q13 Rows of poles, three parallel rows of S, N, S poles on one continuous iron rod Q14 Carrier for the pole rows Q2 second pole Q21-Q23 Pole rows, three parallel rows of N, S, N poles, each on one continuous iron rod Q24 Carrier for the pole rows Q3 third pole Q31-33 Rows of poles, three parallel rows of S, N, S poles on one continuous iron rod Q34 Carrier for the pole rows Q4 fourth pole Q41-Q43 Pole rows, three parallel rows of N, S, N poles, each on one continuous iron rod Q44 Carrier for the pole rows

Claims (14)

Separation drum (T) for the separation of ferrous parts (M1, M2, M3) from a Materialgutstrom (M), with a) a rotating unit having a drive shaft (T2) and a drum shell (T1) held against rotation by means of side disks (T3, T4; T7, T8) with an internal, revolving permanent magnet arrangement (P; Q) for guiding the stream of material material (M), in which b) the permanent magnet arrangement (P; Q) b1) has an integer number of pole rods (P1-P4; Q1-Q4) extending axially relative to the drive shaft (T2), preferably four, and their radially outwardly directed magnetic surfaces (P19, P29, P39, P49) in the circumferential direction of the drum mandrel (T1 ) are alternately magnetized (N, S, N ...), and b2) the pole rods (P1-P4; Q1-Q4) are arranged radially symmetrically on the drive shaft (T2) and their magnetic surfaces (P19, P29, P39, P49) are directed towards the inside (TI) of the drum shell (T1) on the outside (TA) gives a magnetic adhesion region (G2) for iron-containing parts (M1, M2, M3) in the material flow (M), characterized in that c) the pole rods (P1-P4, Q1-Q4) in the drum shell (T1) radially symmetrically to the drive shaft (T2) towards the inside (TI) of the drum shell (T1) off or from the inside (TI) in the direction on the drive shaft (T2) are retractable. Separation drum (T) according to claim 1, wherein
the radial distance (A) of the magnetic surfaces (P19, P29, P39, P49) of the pole rods (P1-P4; Q1-Q4) from the inside (TI) of the drum shell (T1) is continuously adjustable. Separation drum (T) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein
the radial distance (A) of the magnetic surfaces (P19, P29, P39, P49) of the pole rods (P1-P4; Q1-Q4) from the inside (TI) of the drum shell (T1) is adjustable in the range of 0 to a maximum of 20 mm. Separation drum (T) according to one of claims 1 to 3, with
Adjusting means (R, R1-R5; W1, W2) for extending and retracting the pole rods (P1-P4; Q1-Q4) operable from outside the side windows (T3, T4, T7, T8). Separation drum (T) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the side windows (T3, T4; T7, T8)
radial guide grooves (T31-T34, T41-T44, T71-T74, T81-T84) on the inner surfaces of the side windows (T3, T4, T7, T8) into which the pole rods (P1-P4; Q1-Q4) at their front side Ends inserted and radially extendable or retractable. Separation drum (T) according to claim 5, wherein
the radial guide grooves (T31-T34; T41-T44) are bounded by guide rods (T6) which are placed on the inner surfaces of the side windows (T3, T4) (Figs. 1-8). Separation drum (T) according to claim 5, wherein
the radial guide grooves (T71-T74; T81-T84) are formed by trough-shaped recesses on the inner surfaces of the side windows (T7, T8), in particular by Frässmulden. Separation drum (T) according to one of the preceding claims, with Sliding wedges (P16a, P16b, P26a, P26b, P36a, P36b, P46a, P46b) on the undersides of the pole rods (P1-P4) directed radially to the drive shaft (T2), in particular on additional iron backstops (P16, P26, P36, P46) the pole rods (P1-P4), and with - At least one on the drive shaft (T2) axially displaceable truncated cone piece (W1, W2) with bevelled sides, which with the sliding wedges (P16a, P16b, P26a, P26b, P36a, P36b, P46a, P46b) are in communication so that the pole rods (P1-P4) on the bevelled sides are retractable and extendable (Figures 9 - 14). Separation drum (T) according to claim 8, with
at least one threaded bolt (W12, W22) which is supported in at least one side window (T3, T4) and mounted in the truncated cone piece (W1, W2) such that the truncated cone piece (W1, W2) is rotated by rotation of the threaded bolt (W12, W22) on the drive shaft (T2) is axially displaceable. Separation drum (T) according to one of claims 1 to 7, with at least one spreading star (K; L) containing - At least one on the drive shaft (T2) axially displaceable ring (K0, L0), and - Toggle (K5-K8, L5-L8), where at least one toggle (K5-K8; L5-L8) is associated with a pole rod (P1-P4; Q1-Q4), and --- a toggle (K5-K8, L5-L8) at one end on the at least one ring (K0, L0) and at the other end on a radially to the drive shaft (T2) directed bottom of the associated pole rod (P1-P4; Q1-Q4), in particular an iron backbone rod (P16, P26, P36, P46), is tiltably mounted in the radial direction, and with Displacement means which act on the at least one ring (K0; L0) in the axial direction in such a way that the toggle levers (K5-K8; L5-L8) mounted thereon are or can be pivoted away from the drive shaft (T2) and via this the pole rods (K0; P1-P4; Q1-Q4) can be extended or retracted radially symmetrically relative to the drive shaft (T2) ( Figures 1 - 8 . FIGS. 15-20 ). Separation drum (T) according to claim 10, with
at least one threaded rod (R) which is supported in at least one side plate (T3, T4; T7, T8) and is mounted in the at least one ring (K0; L0) such that the ring (K0; L0) is rotated by rotation of the threaded rod ( R) is axially displaceable on the drive shaft (T2). Separation drum (T) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the pole rods (Q1-Q4) of the permanent magnet arrangement (Q) more than one parallel adjacent row of poles (Q11-Q13; Q21-Q23; Q31-Q33; Q41-Q43) each having alternating magnetization (S, N, S; N, S, N; S, N , S; N, S, N), and - The pole rows (Q11-Q13) of a pole piece (Q1) on an underlying support (Q14) are arranged so that their radially outwardly directed magnetic surfaces as tangential to the inside and outside (TI, TA) of the drum shell (T1) aligned are (Figures 15 - 20). Device (C) for the separation of ferrous parts (M1, M2, M3) from a Materialgutstrom (M), with - A separation drum (T) according to one of the preceding claims, and - Means for supplying the Materialgutstromes (M) on the drum shell (T1). Apparatus (C) according to claim 13, wherein the means for supplying the Materialgutstromes (M)
a closed conveyor belt (G) which provides a landfill region (G1) for the material flow (M) and is guided around an area of the drum shell (T1) to form an adhesion region (G2) for iron-containing parts (M1, M2, M3) ( Figures 1, 2, Figures 15, 16).

Images