EP2657599A1 - Brûleur pour combustibles en forme de poussière et/ou de particules avec tourbillon variable - Google Patents

Brûleur pour combustibles en forme de poussière et/ou de particules avec tourbillon variable Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2657599A1
EP2657599A1 EP20130164536 EP13164536A EP2657599A1 EP 2657599 A1 EP2657599 A1 EP 2657599A1 EP 20130164536 EP20130164536 EP 20130164536 EP 13164536 A EP13164536 A EP 13164536A EP 2657599 A1 EP2657599 A1 EP 2657599A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
group
deflection means
flow channel
deflection
burner according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP20130164536
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP2657599B1 (fr
Inventor
Dr. Stefan Hamel
Michael Hohendorf
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Babcock Borsig Steinmueller GmbH
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Babcock Borsig Steinmueller GmbH
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Publication of EP2657599A1 publication Critical patent/EP2657599A1/fr
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Publication of EP2657599B1 publication Critical patent/EP2657599B1/fr
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D1/00—Burners for combustion of pulverulent fuel
    • F23D1/005—Burners for combustion of pulverulent fuel burning a mixture of pulverulent fuel delivered as a slurry, i.e. comprising a carrying liquid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C7/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for air supply
    • F23C7/002—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for air supply the air being submitted to a rotary or spinning motion
    • F23C7/004—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for air supply the air being submitted to a rotary or spinning motion using vanes
    • F23C7/006—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for air supply the air being submitted to a rotary or spinning motion using vanes adjustable
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D1/00—Burners for combustion of pulverulent fuel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D1/00—Burners for combustion of pulverulent fuel
    • F23D1/02—Vortex burners, e.g. for cyclone-type combustion apparatus
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for burners using fluid fuels or solid fuels suspended in a carrier gas
    • F23D2900/01001—Pulverised solid fuel burner with means for swirling the fuel-air mixture

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a burner for dust and / or particulate fuels, with a flow channel for the transport of at least one gas stream into a combustion chamber, wherein the flow channel has an annular cross-section and a Verdalll adopted imparting a twist in the circumferential direction of the gas flow.
  • burners of the aforementioned type are typically used, the burners are associated with corresponding combustion chambers.
  • the burners are also referred to as dust burners and used in particular in large-scale combustion plants.
  • the fuel must be in the form of fine particles in order to be burned with the help of appropriate burners.
  • the fuel is finely ground so that one speaks of coal dust.
  • not all fuels can be reasonably finely ground.
  • the fuels are so fine that they can be selectively injected into the combustion chamber via the burner with the aid of a gas flow.
  • the gas flow ultimately serves the pneumatic delivery of the fuel and usually also provides oxygen for combustion.
  • the gas stream is therefore in simple cases air. It can also be about oxygen enriched air or another oxygen-containing gas mixture.
  • the gas stream that transports the fuel into the combustion chamber is also called primary air regardless of its composition.
  • the burners of the type mentioned usually have additional flow channels through which further gas flows are blown into the combustion chamber. Unlike the primary air, the gas flows do not transport any fuel, which is why these gas flows are also called secondary air. Most of the primary flow is fed near the center of the burner cross-section of the combustion chamber. For this purpose, the burner has an annular flow channel for the primary air. Concentric to this flow channel further flow channels may be provided, which are flowed through by secondary air.
  • the secondary air may also be air or another oxygen-containing gas mixture which, if necessary, consists essentially of oxygen (technical oxygen).
  • the flow of the primary air and the flow of secondary air is imparted in the burner by means of separate Verdrall Nuren a twist in the circumferential direction.
  • the flow lines of the primary air and / or the secondary air form the shape of a spiral in the corresponding flow channel.
  • the Verdrall featured deflection means which deflect the gas flow relative to the longitudinal direction of the flow channel in the circumferential direction to the side.
  • the swirl is required to achieve favorable combustion of the fuel and the formation of only small amounts of nitrogen oxides (NOx).
  • the optimal spin of the primary air and / or the secondary air is highly dependent on the fuel used. For example, the particle size, the calorific value and the proportion of volatile components play a special role.
  • the burners used In order to operate dust firing power plants with a wide range of different fuels, therefore, the burners used must be adjustable with regard to the generated twist.
  • the deflection means are usually distributed over the circumference of the corresponding annular gap. Their angle of attack relative to the longitudinal axis of the annular gap can in the known from the prior art, such as DE 10 2005 032 109 A1 , known burners are varied by means of different adjustment mechanisms.
  • a disadvantage of the known adjustment mechanisms is that they are complicated and expensive to manufacture, as well as prone to failure and complicated to handle.
  • the present invention is therefore based on the object, the known from the prior art burner in such a way and further, that the known from the prior art disadvantages are reduced.
  • the invention has recognized that the twist impressed on the gas flow in a flow channel can be varied very easily if the deflection means are subdivided into at least two groups of deflection means, which can then be adjusted relative to one another in their position.
  • a group of deflecting means is fixed relative to one another on a supporting structure, which can be adjusted in at least one spatial direction. This makes it possible to change the relative position of the second group of deflecting means to the first group of deflecting means. It is therefore fundamentally not necessary for the first group of deflecting means to be designed to be movable with respect to their position in the burner.
  • the deflection of the first group of deflection can be mounted stationary to each other on a further support structure, which can be adjusted relative to the flow channel.
  • a third group of deflection means may be provided.
  • Each of these groups of deflecting means can be provided fixed or movable relative to the corresponding flow channel.
  • the deflection means it is not absolutely necessary for the deflection means to be arranged completely stationary relative to one another. However, this is possible because an adjustment of the support structure in principle is sufficient to adjust the deflection in the desired manner. If this is desired and justifies the additional outlay, individual or all deflecting means of the second group of deflecting devices may also be arranged separately in relation to the other deflecting means and / or with respect to the supporting structure.
  • the inclination of the deflection means relative to the longitudinal axis of the corresponding flow channel can be variable.
  • the adjustment of the support structure relative to the flow channel without simultaneous adjustment of the orientation of the deflection means of the second group of deflection means can be carried out with each other.
  • the supporting structure can be displaced axially relative to the flow channel.
  • the support structure can be rotated about the longitudinal axis of the flow channel.
  • Complicated adjustment mechanisms which are known from the prior art and at the same time complicated to handle, are dispensed with by the invention.
  • Corresponding Verdrall Vintageen may be provided in only one flow channel or in a plurality of flow channels to serve the adaptation of the burner to different fuels.
  • the Verdrall issued but be provided in the flow channel of the fuel transporting primary air, since the variation of the twist is of particular importance.
  • At least one concentric flow channel preferably at least two concentric flow channels, are provided for secondary air to a flow channel for the primary air.
  • the secondary air flow channels are arranged around the primary air flow channel.
  • the deflection means have inclined guide surfaces with respect to the longitudinal direction of the flow channel. Through these guide surfaces, along which flows the gas flow, this is deflected in the circumferential direction. This ultimately leads to the gas flow is imparted a twist in the circumferential direction of the flow channel.
  • the deflection means are designed as guide vanes and / or baffles.
  • the deflection means having a curved guide surface.
  • a baffle is understood to mean a deflection device which is formed only from a thin sheet metal. baffles allow a special degree of material savings in terms of Verdrall Anlagen.
  • the flow channel may be formed in the form of a hollow cylinder.
  • This axial region is, for example, at least twice as long as the outer diameter of the hollow cylindrical flow channel.
  • Corresponding burners make it possible to supply the combustion chamber with a uniformly twisted flow, which continues far into the combustion chamber.
  • the inner tube may be a core tube, a primary tube or a secondary tube.
  • the outer tube is formed by a primary tube.
  • the inner tube can also be formed by a primary tube or a secondary tube, in which case the outer tube is correspondingly a secondary tube or a tertiary tube.
  • the gas flow is preferably formed by a non-fuel added secondary air.
  • the burner has a fuel feed for the supply of dust and / or particulate fuel into the flow channel. Then the fuel can be selectively supplied to the burner and mixed in the burner with primary air. A previous mixing with the risk of a subsequent partial separation and deposition of fuel in the pipe system can be avoided.
  • At least the second group of deflection means may preferably be adjusted so that the deflection means of the second group of deflection means and the first group of deflection means are aligned with each other.
  • the adjoining deflection means may also be aligned in alignment with one another by a plurality of groups of deflection means.
  • at least the second group of deflecting means can however also be adjusted such that the adjacent deflecting means of at least the first and the second group of deflecting means are arranged offset from one another.
  • the deflection means of the adjacent groups of deflection means are then arranged one behind the other, wherein the deflection means cover partially or completely in the longitudinal direction of the flow channel.
  • the staggered and the aligned position are not necessarily absolute. It may also be a more aligned and a more displaced position of the deflection of the various groups of deflection means in question. As a result, it can ultimately be achieved that the deflection of one group of deflecting means is continued more or less by the other group of deflecting means.
  • the staggered multiple groups of deflection means are arranged to each other, the less the deflection of the gas flow will complement the individual groups of deflection means.
  • the deflection means of the second group of Umklenkstoffn continue in a position thereof in the Umklenkstoffn the first group of deflection and / or vice versa. In other words, this means that the deflection means of the different groups of deflection means merge into one another.
  • the deflection means of the individual groups of Umklenkstoffkarn can thus form a series of common deflection means, although the Umklenkstoff the different groups of deflection means are not connected to each other directly.
  • an effect can be achieved as with significantly longer deflecting means, which in the present case are assembled in a position of the second group of deflecting means from the individual deflecting means.
  • a larger free flow cross-section in the longitudinal direction of the flow channel can be provided in a first position of the second group of deflecting means between the deflecting means of the first and second group of deflecting means.
  • a lesser free flow cross-section for the gas flow in the longitudinal direction of the flow channel can then be provided between the deflection means of the first and second group of deflection means.
  • the deflecting means of the first group of deflecting means and the second group of deflecting means form common deflecting channels inclined with respect to the longitudinal direction of the flow channel.
  • the deflection of the at least two groups of deflection means can thus be brought into a complementary position.
  • the deflecting means of one group of deflecting means form flow channels between one another, which are preferably continued unchanged by the deflecting means of the other group of deflecting means.
  • the groups of deflection means can then more strongly divert the gas flow together.
  • the second group of deflecting means is adjusted so that the flow channels of the one group of deflecting means are not continuations of the flow channels of the other group of deflection, but separate flow channels, however, a much lower deflection and thus a significantly lower swirl is achieved.
  • the Verdrall beautiful may comprise at least a third group of distributed over the circumference of the flow channel deflection means for generating the twist.
  • the degree of swirl imparted to the gas flow can be adjusted over a larger range become. However, this is usually purchased through a higher design effort for the burner.
  • a third group of deflection devices these may be provided with deflection means which are arranged stationary relative to one another and which are held on a further support structure.
  • the support structure can then be axially displaceable and / or rotatable about the longitudinal axis of the flow channel to change the impressed twist along the flow channel.
  • both the second and the third group of deflection can be adjusted to vary the twist. In this way, a higher freedom to adjust the twist is achieved.
  • it is structurally simpler if only the second group of deflecting means is provided movably. Then, it is particularly appropriate if the second group of deflecting means is provided between the first and the third group of deflecting means.
  • the first group of deflecting means is provided fixedly in the flow channel.
  • a structurally simple burner can be provided if the support structure is annular.
  • the support structure can easily follow the outer circumference of the inner, the flow channel limiting tube.
  • the support structure may also be formed as a concentric double ring structure, wherein the deflection means are each held between the rings of the double ring structure.
  • the inner ring of the Double ring structure follow the outer circumference of the inner, the flow channel bounding tube, while the outer ring of the double ring structure follows the inner circumference of the outer, the flow channel bounding tube.
  • a burner 1 is shown in a longitudinal section, which is arranged in the wall W of a combustion chamber B.
  • the burner 1 has a number of tube sections arranged concentrically with one another.
  • a core tube 3 is provided.
  • the core tube 3 may be provided a burner lance or another, here purely schematically represented means.
  • a primary tube 4 Concentric with the core tube 3, a primary tube 4 is provided, which includes with the core tube 3 a flow channel 5 with an annular cross-section.
  • the core tube 3 and the primary tube 4 form a flow channel 5 in the form of a hollow cylinder.
  • the primary air is transported in the direction of the combustion chamber.
  • the primary air is supplied via a feed device, not shown, a particulate fuel.
  • the particles of the fuel are in the Fig. 1 not shown for reasons of clarity.
  • the primary tube 4 ends adjacent to the combustion chamber B in a so-called primary throat 6 with a conically widening cross-section.
  • a so-called flame holder 7 is attached.
  • the flame holder 7 has a toothed radially projecting into the primary air edge 8, which serves the swirling of the primary air into the combustion chamber B inside.
  • a first secondary pipe 9 and a second secondary pipe 10 Concentric with the primary pipe 4, a first secondary pipe 9 and a second secondary pipe 10 are provided.
  • the respective outer tube 9, 10 also forms with the respective inner tube 4, 9 annular flow channels 11, 12 for secondary air, which is not mixed with fuel particles.
  • a secondary throat 13 is provided with a conically widening cross-section.
  • a so-called muffle 14 is provided in the form of a conical enlargement. The inclination angle of the muffle 14 is greater than the inclination angle of the secondary groove 13, the inclination angle in turn is greater than the inclination angle of the primary throat 6.
  • cooling lines 15 are assigned, which partially between the muffle 14 and the wall W of the combustion chamber B and are partially positioned on the inner side of the wall W of the combustion chamber B. Due to the concentric arrangement of the core tube 3, the primary tube 4 and the secondary tubes 9,10 and the assignment of the feed fuel for particulate fuel, ie by the concentric arrangement of the annular flow channels 5,11,12, it is achieved that around the primary air flow leading to the fuel two secondary air streams are passed into the combustion chamber B. If necessary, further secondary pipes and flow channels can be provided for further secondary air. A waiver of the second secondary pipe 10, however, is possible, but less desirable as a rule.
  • the primary air flow which flows through the annular gap between the core tube 3 and the primary tube 4, is impressed by means of a Verdrall Rhein 16 a twist in the circumferential direction.
  • the primary air flow is thus spirally offset from the central axis 2 in rotation.
  • the Verdrall Hughes 16 is composed of three groups distributed over the handling of the flow channel provided deflecting means 17,18,19 for deflecting the primary air flow in the circumferential direction together.
  • Verdrall coupleden 20,21 are provided which impart a spin in the circumferential direction of the flow channels 11,12 the secondary air flows.
  • the Verdrall drivingen 20,21 in the flow channels 11,12 for the secondary air in each case only a group of distributed over the circumference of the flow channels 11,12 deflection. It however, it would also be possible to provide a plurality of groups of deflecting means one behind the other, if necessary in addition to or as a replacement for the plurality of deflecting means 17,18,19 having Verdrall worn 16 in the core tube 3 and the primary tube 4 limited flow channel. 5
  • the core tube 3 of the burner 1 and the Verdrall Anlagen 16 are shown as a detail of the burner 1.
  • the Verdrall Anlagen 16 has in the illustrated and so far preferred burner 1 three groups of deflection means 17,18,19, which are in the present case in the form of baffles.
  • the deflection means 17,18,19 each group of deflection means 17,18,19 are arranged distributed over the circumference of the flow channel 5 for the primary air.
  • the deflection means 17 of the first group of deflection means 17 are fixedly mounted on the core tube 3, while the deflection means 18,19 of the remaining groups of deflection means 18,19 are mounted stationary on each other on annular support structures 22,23.
  • the support structures 22, 23 are slidably provided in the illustrated preferred burner 1 in the longitudinal direction of the flow channel 5. Therefore, the deflection 17,18,19 in the Fig. 2a and 2b occupy positions shown.
  • the groups of deflection means 17,18,19 are clearly spaced from each other.
  • the distance between the groups of deflecting means 17, 18, 19 corresponds to at least the width of the groups of deflecting means 17, 18, 19 in the longitudinal direction of the flow channel 5 in the illustrated preferred burner 1.
  • the primary air flow is consequently through each of the groups of deflecting means 17, 18 , 19 in Deflected circumferential direction, whereby a twist is generated.
  • the primary air flow between the groups of deflecting means 17, 18, 19 is not deflected, so that the previously impressed swirl can be partially canceled out again.
  • a Verdrall worn 30 with a first group of deflection means 31 and a second group of deflection means 32.
  • a development of the core tube 33 with the deflecting means 31, 32 provided thereon is shown.
  • the first group of deflection means 31 is fixed in place on the core tube 33.
  • the second group of deflecting means 32 is only fixed to one another in a stationary manner on a support structure 34, which can itself be displaced in the longitudinal direction of the flow duct.
  • the flow lines S illustrate that in the in the Fig.
  • the deflection means 31, 32 have guide surfaces 36 protruding into the primary gas flow.
  • burner 40 is the first group of deflection means 41 fixed on the core tube 42 fixed from which in the Fig. 4a and 4b a settlement is shown.
  • the second group of deflection means 43 is held stationary relative to one another on a support structure 44.
  • the support structure 44 can be rotated about the central axis of the burner 40. In this way, the overlap of the deflection 41.43 of the two groups of deflection 41.43 changed and so the swirl of the primary gas flow can be varied.
  • the second group of deflection means 43 according to Fig.
  • the deflection 41.43 a free flow cross-section through which a portion of the primary air flow can pass in a straight line in the longitudinal direction of the flow channel.
  • the free flow cross section is again characterized by the circumferential segments Q. This is in the position the second group of deflection means 43 according to Fig. 4b not the case.
  • the free flow cross sections are closed and the entire primary air flow is deflected, thus ultimately increasing the swirl imposed on the primary air flow.
  • the groups of deflection means 17, 18, 19, 31, 32 can be used , 41.43 into a position according to Fig. 2b . 3b or 4b to be brought.
  • the deflecting means 17,31,41 of the first group of deflection means 17,31,41 and the deflection means 18,19,32,43 of the second group of deflection means 18,19,32,43 are then aligned in alignment with each other, wherein the deflection means 18th , 19,32,43 continue the second group of deflection means 18,19,32,43 in the deflection 17,31,41 of the first group of deflection 17,31,41.
  • the deflecting means 17, 31, 41 of the first group of deflecting means 17, 31, 41 and the second group of deflecting means 18, 19, 32, 43 form common deflecting channels inclined with respect to the longitudinal direction of the flow channel.
  • At least the second group of deflection means 18, 19, 32, 43 into a position according to FIG Fig. 2a . 3a or 4a to be brought.
  • deflection means 17,18,19,31,32,41,43 of the first group of deflection means 17,31,41 and the second group of deflection means 18,19,32,43 offset from one another.
  • a group of Deflection means 17,18,19,31,32,41,43 is a gap between two deflection means 17,18,19,31,32,41,43 another group of deflection means 17,18,19,31,32,41, 43rd
  • the two groups of deflecting means 17, 18, 19, 31, 32, 41, 43 respectively form separate deflecting channels between the deflecting means 17, 18, 19, 31, 32, 41, 43, although they are inclined with respect to the longitudinal direction of the flow channel are, but nevertheless provided in the longitudinal direction of each other.
EP13164536.8A 2012-04-23 2013-04-19 Brûleur pour combustibles en forme de poussière et/ou de particules avec tourbillon variable Not-in-force EP2657599B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102012007884A DE102012007884A1 (de) 2012-04-23 2012-04-23 Brenner für staub- und/oder partikelförmige Brennstoffe mit veränderlichem Drall

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2657599A1 true EP2657599A1 (fr) 2013-10-30
EP2657599B1 EP2657599B1 (fr) 2016-04-13

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EP13164536.8A Not-in-force EP2657599B1 (fr) 2012-04-23 2013-04-19 Brûleur pour combustibles en forme de poussière et/ou de particules avec tourbillon variable

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US20130305971A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP2657599B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102012007884A1 (fr)
DK (1) DK2657599T3 (fr)
ES (1) ES2574434T3 (fr)
PL (1) PL2657599T3 (fr)
RU (1) RU2546343C2 (fr)

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WO2019072329A1 (fr) * 2017-10-11 2019-04-18 Promecon Process Measurement Control Gmbh Dispositif pour commander le processus de combustion dans une installation de combustion d'une centrale
CN114738742A (zh) * 2022-04-19 2022-07-12 东方电气集团东方锅炉股份有限公司 一种扩锥角度可变的旋流燃烧器

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DE102014105166B3 (de) * 2014-03-12 2015-08-06 Max Weishaupt Gmbh Drallerzeuger für einen Brenner sowie damit versehene Mischeinrichtung und damit versehener Brenner
WO2016179823A1 (fr) * 2015-05-14 2016-11-17 Zheng Shi Système et procédé pour la combustion de combustibles solides pulvérisés dans des chaudières à petite et moyenne échelle
JP6632226B2 (ja) * 2015-06-12 2020-01-22 三菱日立パワーシステムズ株式会社 バーナ、燃焼装置、ボイラ及びバーナの制御方法
JP6231047B2 (ja) * 2015-06-30 2017-11-15 三菱日立パワーシステムズ株式会社 固体燃料バーナ
CN105042594B (zh) * 2015-07-21 2017-11-28 广东摩德娜科技股份有限公司 一种高速搅拌混合燃料的节能烧嘴
WO2020120828A1 (fr) * 2018-12-14 2020-06-18 Fortum Oyj Procédé de combustion de combustible, brûleur et chaudière
WO2020178880A1 (fr) 2019-03-01 2020-09-10 三菱日立パワーシステムズ株式会社 Brûleur à combustible solide
RU2738542C1 (ru) * 2020-05-20 2020-12-14 Роман Лазирович Илиев Устройство для обезвреживания газообразных отходов
CN114877322B (zh) * 2022-04-20 2023-11-03 东方电气集团东方锅炉股份有限公司 一种火焰调节式旋流燃烧器

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RU2546343C2 (ru) 2015-04-10
ES2574434T3 (es) 2016-06-17
US20130305971A1 (en) 2013-11-21
DK2657599T3 (en) 2016-06-13
EP2657599B1 (fr) 2016-04-13
PL2657599T3 (pl) 2016-09-30
RU2013118574A (ru) 2014-10-27

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