EP2656002B1 - Reversible detonating pyrotechnic rupture piece - Google Patents

Reversible detonating pyrotechnic rupture piece Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2656002B1
EP2656002B1 EP11811083.2A EP11811083A EP2656002B1 EP 2656002 B1 EP2656002 B1 EP 2656002B1 EP 11811083 A EP11811083 A EP 11811083A EP 2656002 B1 EP2656002 B1 EP 2656002B1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
section
longitudinal
pyrotechnic
facet
fixing means
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EP11811083.2A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2656002A1 (en
Inventor
Jean-Yves Cousin
Thomas Kister
Pascal LESAULNIER
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Airbus Defence and Space SAS
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Astrium SAS
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B15/00—Self-propelled projectiles or missiles, e.g. rockets; Guided missiles
    • F42B15/36—Means for interconnecting rocket-motor and body section; Multi-stage connectors; Disconnecting means
    • F42B15/38—Ring-shaped explosive elements for the separation of rocket parts

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a detonating pyrotechnic breakpiece, particularly, though not exclusively, suitable for use in space launchers. It will be described hereinafter more particularly in this latter application.
  • the pyrotechnic piece operates only in the aforementioned sense. Indeed, it can be provided a plurality of positioning studs or a boss of the structure of the workpiece, the cord can be supported on it under the effect of gravitation.
  • the cord has a preferred position, for which it is based either on the boss of the structure or on the anvil.
  • the axial position (or altitude) of the cord differs from this preferred position, which can adversely affect the cutting performance in that the altitude of said cord (which acts as a lever in relation to the bottom throat, where the cut is initiated) influences said performance.
  • a reversible pyrotechnic rupture part that is to say capable of breaking in the heel direction at the top and in the heel direction at the bottom
  • an axial positioning of the cord that is independent of the relative positioning of the elements. two sections, and therefore both to position and maintain axially said cord in the groove.
  • a solution envisaged is to achieve the blocking of the cord directly by the profile serving as anvil, equipped for this purpose with a pad and brought into contact with said cord before tightening the screw for securing the two sections.
  • a protruding longitudinal rib against which the profile serves as an anvil by means of wedges it proves impossible to guarantee both the contact between the anvil and the rib (which conditions the clearance between said anvil and the heel) and the contact of said anvil with the cord through the positioning studs.
  • the object of the present invention is to remedy these drawbacks and relates to a detonating pyrotechnic rupture piece whose pyrotechnic cord can be maintained, independently of the anvil, in an identical position and independent of the relative positioning of the two sections, with a view to rendering said reversible part and able to operate in all flight conditions.
  • the system for positioning and holding said peripheral cord inside said groove is completely independent of the securing system of the sections of the second section on said first profile.
  • these second fixing means provide a trapping function of the cord so as to make it integral with one of the two sections (or one of the two parts to be separated) during the pyrotechnic rupture, in addition to the maintenance function of said cord provided by the first fixing means.
  • each of said second fastening means comprises a rigid or semi-rigid link which forms a loop enclosing said pyrotechnic cord and whose ends are fixed to said first section.
  • a rigid link can be made of a metal strip, which is capable of trapping the cord.
  • a spacer plate is disposed between the ends of said rigid or semi-rigid link and the two ends of said link are fixed to the first profile by at least one bolt whose screw passes through said ends, the spacer plate and said first profile and of which the nut clamps said ends against said spacer plate and said first section.
  • a positioning stud may be disposed between said spacer board and said pyrotechnic line.
  • the pyrotechnic rupture piece shown on the Figures 1 to 3 and according to the present invention, comprises a base profile 1, a plurality of anvil profile sections 2 - only two of which are visible on the figure 1 and a detonating pyrotechnic cord 3.
  • the profile 1 and the section sections 2 are for example made of aluminum and said part can be rectilinear, curvilinear, cylindrical, etc. depending on the shape of the desired cutting line between two elements (not shown) secured in any known manner to the longitudinal edges 1 L1 and 1 L2 of the base profile 1.
  • the latter is part of the structure formed by said elements and ensures the transmission of mechanical forces between them.
  • the base profile 1 comprises a hook-shaped longitudinal salient heel 4 provided with a plane longitudinal facet 5 on the inner side of its free end 6.
  • the longitudinal facet 5 is inclined and diverges towards the outside of the hook formed by said heel 4.
  • the base section 1 is provided with a longitudinal groove 7 inclined bottom determines with said base section 1 a longitudinal bottom groove 7A, with a small radius of curvature, said longitudinal groove 7 being disposed of side of the concavity of said heel 4 and an end-of-rupture groove 8 being made in said base section 1 on the opposite side to said groove 7.
  • the anvil profile sections 2 are attached to the base section 1 one after the other, the transverse end edges 2D and 2G opposite two consecutive sections 2 being at least substantially joined. These sections of section 2 are secured to the base section 1 by bolts 9, passing through the profile 1 and said section sections 2 and distributed along them. These segments of anvil profile 2 comprise, on the external side of their end, a longitudinal plane facet 11 inclined and converging towards the inside of the hook formed by the heel 4.
  • the free longitudinal end 10 of the anvil profile sections 2 penetrates into the hook formed by the heel 4, so as to close said groove 7, the inclined facets 5 and 11 then being opposite one another, but spaced apart by a predetermined clearance 12 of a few tenths of a millimeter.
  • the base profile 1 further comprises a protruding longitudinal rib 15 against which said anvil profile sections 2 bear, on the opposite side to their free longitudinal end 10, via a plurality of distributed discontinuous spacers 16. along the profile 1 in correspondence with said bolts 9. There are provided tabs 17 to allow the fixing of the wedges 16, for example by means of the bolts 9.
  • the outer casing 13 is positioned axially, parallel to the direction L corresponding to the width of said sections 1 and 2, by lower positioning studs 25 (Usually arranged by gluing on the bottom of the throat of the heel) and by fastening means 18 distributed along said base section 1 and arranged between the section sections 2 consecutive.
  • the transverse edges facing 2D and 2G of two consecutive sections 2 comprise notches 19D and 19G for accommodating said fastening means 18, which are independent of the fixing means 9.
  • Each fastening means 18 comprises a rigid or semi-rigid connection, which is in this embodiment in the form of a metal strip 20, forming a loop enclosing the pyrotechnic cord 3.
  • the ends 20E of the metal strip 20 are fixed said base profile 1 by a bolt 21, the screw 21 V through said ends 20E and the base profile 1 and the nut 21 E clamps said ends 20E against the latter section, preserving a clearance level clamping said ends 20E to allow the metal strip 20 to translate vertically and to prevent it from breaking during the activation of the pyrotechnic cord 3.
  • a spacer plate 22 is disposed between said ends 20E of the metal strip 20 and a clamping back-plate 23 is disposed between the nut 21 E and the ends 20E.
  • a positioning stud 24 is disposed between the spacer plate 22 and the pyrotechnic cord 3.
  • Such a positioning pad 24 guarantees the integrity of the pyrotechnic cord 3, during its operation, by isolating it.
  • a game 14 may, for example, be of the order of a few tenths of a mm.
  • the detonating cord 3 At its ignition, the detonating cord 3 generates shock waves orthogonal to itself, these waves ensuring the speed of its envelope 13 and leading to the expansion of the section of the latter.
  • the envelope 13 Under the effect of the detonation, the envelope 13 is accelerated by a shock wave, the clearance 14, parallel to the direction E, allowing this envelope 13 to acquire a homogeneous speed sufficient to generate, during its impact. on the profiles 1 and 2, a shock wave capable of speeding the corresponding walls of said profiles.
  • the setting in motion of the section 1 initiates the breaking thereof along a line of rupture starting from said bottom groove 7A, with a small radius of curvature, of the groove 7 and opening into the end-of-rupture groove 8.
  • the clearance 12 between the inclined facets 5 and 11 allows the anvil profile sections 2 to acquire a homogeneous speed sufficient to generate, during their impact with the heel 4, a shock wave capable of speeding said bead.
  • the movement of the heel 4 of the profile 1 increases the cutting along said breaking line.
  • the force exerted, parallel to the direction E, by the transverse swelling of the pyrotechnic cord has a component, parallel to the face 5 of the heel 4, which is applied to the section 2 and which facilitates the dislocation, parallel to the direction L, of the two parts of the section 1 disposed on either side of said breaking line.
  • this component parallel to the face 5 tends to shear the bolts 9 and to deform them by bending by tilting of the profile sections 2.
  • the section sections 2 bear on the rib 15 the shear said bolts 9 is prevented and only possibly a tilting, of limited amplitude, of the profile sections 2 is produced opposite to the section 1.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Air Bags (AREA)
  • Vibration Dampers (AREA)
  • Buckles (AREA)
  • Clamps And Clips (AREA)
  • Automotive Seat Belt Assembly (AREA)
  • Connection Of Plates (AREA)

Description

La présente invention concerne une pièce à rupture pyrotechnique détonante, tout particulièrement, quoique non exclusivement, appropriée à être utilisée dans les lanceurs spatiaux. Elle sera ci-après décrite plus particulièrement dans cette dernière application.The present invention relates to a detonating pyrotechnic breakpiece, particularly, though not exclusively, suitable for use in space launchers. It will be described hereinafter more particularly in this latter application.

On sait que certains éléments des lanceurs spatiaux, tels que des étages adjacents, sont reliés mécaniquement entre eux par une pièce structurale destinée à assurer la transmission des efforts mécaniques entre lesdits éléments tant que cela est nécessaire et pourvue de moyens de séparation pyrotechniques à détonation, intégrés à ladite pièce structurale et aptes à la rompre le long d'une ligne de séparation, rectiligne ou curviligne, lorsque lesdits éléments doivent être séparés les uns des autres. Des pièces semblables permettent également la découpe des structures porteuses de satellites à bord des lanceurs.It is known that certain elements of space launchers, such as adjacent stages, are mechanically interconnected by a structural part intended to ensure the transmission of mechanical forces between said elements as long as it is necessary and provided with detonation pyrotechnic separation means, integrated in said structural part and able to break along a line of separation, rectilinear or curvilinear, when said elements must be separated from each other. Similar parts also allow the cutting of satellite carrier structures aboard launcher.

Par le brevet US - A - 3 230 885 , on connaît déjà une telle pièce à rupture pyrotechnique détonante comportant :

  • un premier profilé formant la base de ladite pièce et pourvu d'un talon longitudinal saillant en forme de crochet et d'une gorge longitudinale disposée dans la concavité dudit talon ;
  • un cordeau pyrotechnique longitudinal disposé dans ladite gorge ; et
  • un second profilé rapporté audit premier profilé, coopérant avec ledit talon pour fermer ladite gorge et servant d'enclume audit cordeau pyrotechnique.
By the patent US - A - 3,230,885 , already known such a detonating pyrotechnic breaking piece comprising:
  • a first section forming the base of said piece and provided with a hook-shaped projecting longitudinal heel and a longitudinal groove disposed in the concavity of said heel;
  • a longitudinal pyrotechnic cord disposed in said groove; and
  • a second profile attached to said first profile, cooperating with said heel to close said groove and serving as an anvil said pyrotechnic cord.

Ainsi, théoriquement, lorsque ledit cordeau pyrotechnique est mis à feu, il engendre une détonation qui rompt ledit premier profilé au niveau de la gorge.Thus, theoretically, when said pyrotechnic cord is fired, it generates a detonation which breaks said first section at the throat.

Cependant, comme cela a été expliqué dans la demande de brevet français n° 05 07800 déposée le 22 juillet 2005 au nom de la demanderesse, n° de publication FR 2888925 pour que le fonctionnement d'une telle pièce à rupture pyrotechnique détonante soit fiable, il est nécessaire :

  • que ledit premier profilé comporte une nervure longitudinale saillante contre laquelle ledit second profilé prend appui, par l'intermédiaire de cales, afin d'éviter l'ouverture de la chambre formée par ladite gorge au moment de la détonation ;
  • que ledit talon comporte, du côté interne de son extrémité libre, une première facette longitudinale plane inclinée en divergeant vers l'extérieur du crochet formé par le talon et que ledit second profilé soit pourvu, du côté externe de son bord longitudinal opposé à ladite nervure, d'une seconde facette longitudinale plane inclinée convergente, qui est disposée en regard de ladite première facette en en étant écartée d'un premier jeu prédéterminé, permettant à ladite seconde facette de coopérer avec ladite première facette, lors de la rupture de ladite pièce, afin de permettre un déboîtement aisé des deux parties de cette dernière résultant de la rupture ; et
  • que, dans ladite gorge, ledit cordeau pyrotechnique soit logé avec un second jeu prédéterminé, parallèlement à l'épaisseur desdits premier et second profilés.
However, as explained in French patent application no. 05 07800 filed on July 22, 2005 on behalf of the applicant, publication no. FR 2888925 in order for the operation of such a detonating pyrotechnic breakpiece to be reliable, it is necessary:
  • said first profile comprises a protruding longitudinal rib against which said second profile is supported, by means of wedges, to prevent the opening of the chamber formed by said groove at the time of the detonation;
  • said heel comprises, on the inner side of its free end, a first plane longitudinal facet inclined diverging towards the outside of the hook formed by the heel and that said second section is provided on the outer side of its longitudinal edge opposite said rib; a second convergent inclined plane longitudinal facet, which is disposed facing said first facet away from a first predetermined clearance, allowing said second facet to cooperate with said first facet, upon breaking said workpiece , in order to allow easy dislocation of the two parts of the latter resulting from the rupture; and
  • that in said groove, said pyrotechnic cord is housed with a second predetermined clearance, parallel to the thickness of said first and second profiles.

Une telle pièce pyrotechnique est conçue pour fonctionner de manière nominale dans un sens prédéterminé, par exemple dans le sens où le profilé pourvu du talon est en position supérieure et où le profilé servant d'enclume est en position inférieure. Pour cela, une telle pièce doit :

  • garantir le contact axial entre le profilé inférieur et la nervure longitudinale du profilé supérieur par l'intermédiaire des cales, afin de maintenir l'intégrité des composants jusqu'à la rupture et de contribuer aux performances de découpe ;
  • respecter un jeu radial prédéterminé, afin de garantir l'expansion radiale nominale du cordeau pyrotechnique et de contribuer également auxdites performances de découpe ; et
  • respecter également un jeu axial prédéterminé (entre les facettes des deux profilés), afin de garantir l'expansion axiale dudit cordeau, d'assurer son intégrité et de positionner correctement en altitude ledit cordeau par rapport au fond de la gorge en vue d'obtenir les performances souhaitées en termes de découpe et de déboîtement.
Such a pyrotechnic piece is designed to operate in a nominal way in a predetermined direction, for example in the sense that the profile provided with the heel is in the upper position and where the profile serving as an anvil is in the lower position. For this, such a room must:
  • guaranteeing the axial contact between the lower section and the longitudinal rib of the upper profile through the wedges, in order to maintain the integrity of the components to failure and to contribute to cutting performance;
  • respecting a predetermined radial clearance, in order to guarantee the nominal radial expansion of the pyrotechnic cord and to also contribute to said cutting performance; and
  • also respect a predetermined axial clearance (between the facets of the two sections), in order to guarantee the axial expansion of said cord, to ensure its integrity and to correctly position said cord at the altitude with respect to the bottom of the groove in order to obtain the desired performance in terms of cutting and dislodging.

Ces trois conditions peuvent être aisément respectées dans le cas où la pièce pyrotechnique fonctionne uniquement dans le sens précité. En effet, il peut être prévu une pluralité de plots de positionnement ou un bossage de la structure de la pièce, le cordeau pouvant s'appuyer sur celle-ci sous l'effet de la gravitation.These three conditions can be easily met in the case where the pyrotechnic piece operates only in the aforementioned sense. Indeed, it can be provided a plurality of positioning studs or a boss of the structure of the workpiece, the cord can be supported on it under the effect of gravitation.

Toutefois, lorsque l'on souhaite garantir la performance d'une telle pièce indépendamment de son sens d'utilisation dans des conditions de vol, il importe que celle-ci puisse également fonctionner en sens inverse (profilé pourvu du talon en position inférieure, profilé servant d'enclume en position supérieure). Or, pour un sens donné, le cordeau présente une position préférentielle, pour laquelle il s'appuie soit sur le bossage de la structure soit sur l'enclume. Dans le sens opposé, la position axiale (ou altitude) du cordeau diffère de cette position préférentielle, ce qui peut nuire à la performance de découpe dans la mesure où l'altitude dudit cordeau (qui agit comme un bras de levier par rapport au fond de la gorge, où la découpe est amorcée) influe sur ladite performance.However, when it is desired to guarantee the performance of such a part regardless of its direction of use in flight conditions, it is important that it also be able to operate in the opposite direction (profile provided with the bead in the lower position, profiled serving as anvil in the upper position). However, for a given direction, the cord has a preferred position, for which it is based either on the boss of the structure or on the anvil. In the opposite direction, the axial position (or altitude) of the cord differs from this preferred position, which can adversely affect the cutting performance in that the altitude of said cord (which acts as a lever in relation to the bottom throat, where the cut is initiated) influences said performance.

De ce fait, la réalisation d'une pièce à rupture pyrotechnique réversible (c'est-à-dire pouvant se rompre dans le sens talon en haut et dans le sens talon en bas) implique un positionnement axial du cordeau indépendant du positionnement relatif des deux profilés, et donc à la fois de positionner et de maintenir axialement ledit cordeau dans la gorge.As a result, the production of a reversible pyrotechnic rupture part (that is to say capable of breaking in the heel direction at the top and in the heel direction at the bottom) implies an axial positioning of the cord that is independent of the relative positioning of the elements. two sections, and therefore both to position and maintain axially said cord in the groove.

Pour cela, une solution envisagée consiste à réaliser le blocage du cordeau directement par le profilé servant d'enclume, équipé à cet effet d'un plot et mise au contact dudit cordeau avant serrage de la vis destinée à solidariser les deux profilés. Néanmoins, du fait de l'utilisation d'une nervure longitudinale saillante contre laquelle le profilé servant d'enclume par l'intermédiaire de cales, il s'avère impossible de garantir à la fois le contact entre l'enclume et la nervure (qui conditionne le jeu entre ladite enclume et le talon) et le contact de ladite enclume avec le cordeau par l'intermédiaire des plots de positionnement.For this, a solution envisaged is to achieve the blocking of the cord directly by the profile serving as anvil, equipped for this purpose with a pad and brought into contact with said cord before tightening the screw for securing the two sections. Nevertheless, because of the use of a protruding longitudinal rib against which the profile serves as an anvil by means of wedges, it proves impossible to guarantee both the contact between the anvil and the rib (which conditions the clearance between said anvil and the heel) and the contact of said anvil with the cord through the positioning studs.

La présente invention a pour but de remédier à ces inconvénients et concerne une pièce à rupture pyrotechnique détonante dont le cordeau pyrotechnique peut être maintenu, indépendamment de l'enclume, dans une position identique et indépendante du positionnement relatif des deux profilés, en vue de rendre ladite pièce réversible et apte à fonctionner dans toutes les conditions de vol.The object of the present invention is to remedy these drawbacks and relates to a detonating pyrotechnic rupture piece whose pyrotechnic cord can be maintained, independently of the anvil, in an identical position and independent of the relative positioning of the two sections, with a view to rendering said reversible part and able to operate in all flight conditions.

A cette fin, selon l'invention, la pièce à rupture pyrotechnique détonante comportant :

  • un premier profilé formant la base de ladite pièce et pourvu d'une nervure longitudinale saillante, ainsi que d'un talon longitudinal saillant en forme de crochet délimitant une gorge longitudinale dans sa concavité, ledit talon comportant, du côté interne de son extrémité libre, une première facette longitudinale plane, inclinée en divergeant vers l'extérieur du crochet formé par ledit talon ;
  • un cordeau pyrotechnique longitudinal disposé dans ladite gorge ; et
  • un second profilé rapporté audit premier profilé et solidarisé de celui-ci par des premiers moyens de fixation répartis le long desdits premier et second profilés, ledit second profilé s'appuyant, par l'un de ses bords longitudinaux, contre ladite nervure longitudinale saillante par l'intermédiaire de cales et étant pourvu, du côté externe de son autre bord longitudinal, d'une seconde facette longitudinale plane inclinée convergente disposée en regard de ladite première facette en en étant écartée d'un premier jeu prédéterminé, permettant à ladite seconde facette de coopérer avec ladite première facette lors de la rupture de ladite pièce, ledit second profilé fermant ainsi ladite gorge, dans laquelle ledit cordeau pyrotechnique est logé avec un second jeu prédéterminé parallèlement à l'épaisseur desdits premier et second profilés, et étant apte à servir d'enclume audit cordeau pyrotechnique,
est remarquable :
  • en ce que ledit second profilé est constitué d'une pluralité de tronçons de profilé consécutifs, fixés les uns à la suite des autres sur ledit premier profilé par lesdits premiers moyens de fixation ; et
  • en ce que sont prévus, entre lesdits tronçons de profilé consécutifs, des seconds moyens de fixation, répartis le long dudit premier profilé et indépendants desdits premiers moyens de fixation, permettant de fixer et de positionner ledit cordeau pyrotechnique par rapport audit premier profilé.
For this purpose, according to the invention, the detonating pyrotechnic rupture part comprising:
  • a first profile forming the base of said piece and provided with a protruding longitudinal rib, as well as a hook-shaped projecting longitudinal heel delimiting a longitudinal groove in its concavity, said heel comprising, on the inner side of its free end, a first plane longitudinal facet inclined diverging outwardly of the hook formed by said heel;
  • a longitudinal pyrotechnic cord disposed in said groove; and
  • a second profile attached to said first profile and secured thereto by first fastening means distributed along said first and second profiles, said second section bearing, by one of its longitudinal edges, against said longitudinal rib projecting from through wedges and being provided, on the external side of its other longitudinal edge, a second convergent inclined plane longitudinal facet arranged facing said first facet away from a predetermined first set, allowing said second facet to cooperate with said first facet during the rupture of said part, said second profile thus closing said groove, wherein said pyrotechnic cord is housed with a second predetermined clearance parallel to the thickness of said first and second profiles, and being able to serve as an anvil said pyrotechnic cord,
is remarkable:
  • in that said second section consists of a plurality of consecutive section sections, fixed one after the other on said first section by said first fixing means; and
  • in that, between said consecutive section sections, second fastening means, distributed along said first section and independent of said first fixing means, are provided for fixing and positioning said pyrotechnic line with respect to said first section.

Ainsi, le système de positionnement et de maintien dudit cordeau périphérique à l'intérieur de ladite gorge est complètement indépendant du système de fixation des tronçons du second profilé sur ledit premier profilé. En effet, ces seconds moyens de fixation assurent une fonction de piégeage du cordeau de manière à le rendre solidaire de l'un des deux profilés (ou de l'une des deux pièces à séparer) lors de la rupture pyrotechnique, en complément de la fonction de maintien dudit cordeau assurée par les premiers moyens de fixation.Thus, the system for positioning and holding said peripheral cord inside said groove is completely independent of the securing system of the sections of the second section on said first profile. Indeed, these second fixing means provide a trapping function of the cord so as to make it integral with one of the two sections (or one of the two parts to be separated) during the pyrotechnic rupture, in addition to the maintenance function of said cord provided by the first fixing means.

Afin que ladite gorge soit latéralement fermée, il est avantageux que les bords transversaux d'extrémité en regard de deux tronçons de profilé consécutifs soient au moins sensiblement jointifs. Il est alors nécessaire qu'au moins l'un desdits bords transversaux comporte une échancrure pour le logement du second moyen de fixation correspondant.So that said groove is laterally closed, it is advantageous that the end transverse edges opposite two consecutive section sections are at least substantially contiguous. So he is necessary that at least one of said transverse edges has a recess for the housing of the second corresponding fastening means.

Dans un mode de réalisation avantageux, chacun desdits seconds moyens de fixation comporte un lien rigide ou semi-rigide qui forme une boucle enserrant ledit cordeau pyrotechnique et dont les extrémités sont fixées audit premier profilé. Un tel lien rigide peut être réalisé en un feuillard métallique, qui est apte à piéger le cordeau.In an advantageous embodiment, each of said second fastening means comprises a rigid or semi-rigid link which forms a loop enclosing said pyrotechnic cord and whose ends are fixed to said first section. Such a rigid link can be made of a metal strip, which is capable of trapping the cord.

De préférence, une plaquette entretoise est disposée entre les extrémités dudit lien rigide ou semi-rigide et les deux extrémités dudit lien sont fixées au premier profilé par au moins un boulon dont la vis traverse lesdites extrémités, la plaquette entretoise et ledit premier profilé et dont l'écrou serre lesdites extrémités contre ladite plaquette entretoise et ledit premier profilé. De plus, un plot de positionnement peut être disposé entre ladite plaquette entretoise et ledit cordeau pyrotechnique.Preferably, a spacer plate is disposed between the ends of said rigid or semi-rigid link and the two ends of said link are fixed to the first profile by at least one bolt whose screw passes through said ends, the spacer plate and said first profile and of which the nut clamps said ends against said spacer plate and said first section. In addition, a positioning stud may be disposed between said spacer board and said pyrotechnic line.

De préférence, il est prévu des aménagements dans la plaquette entretoise afin de garantir un jeu au niveau dudit lien et de positionner les seconds moyens de fixation. Il peut s'agir par exemple de rainures pratiquées dans les cales de maintien du cordeau, ce qui permet d'éviter la rotation et le coincement du lien lors de son montage.

  • Les figures du dessin annexé feront bien comprendre comment l'invention peut être réalisée. Sur ces figures, des références identiques désignent des éléments semblables.
  • La figure 1 est une vue de face d'une portion longitudinale de la pièce à rupture pyrotechnique détonante conforme à la présente invention.
  • Les figures 2 et 3 sont des vues en coupe transversale de la pièce de la figure 1, respectivement selon les lignes II-II et III-III de cette dernière.
Preferably, arrangements are provided in the spacer plate to guarantee play at said link and to position the second fastening means. It may be for example grooves made in the holding wedges of the cord, which prevents the rotation and jamming of the link during its assembly.
  • The figures of the appended drawing will make it clear how the invention can be realized. In these figures, identical references designate similar elements.
  • The figure 1 is a front view of a longitudinal portion of the detonating pyrotechnic rupture piece according to the present invention.
  • The Figures 2 and 3 are cross-sectional views of the room from the figure 1 respectively along lines II-II and III-III of the latter.

La pièce à rupture pyrotechnique, montrée sur les figures 1 à 3 et conforme à la présente invention, comporte un profilé de base 1, une pluralité de tronçons de profilé d'enclume 2 - dont seuls deux sont visibles sur la figure 1 - et un cordeau pyrotechnique détonnant 3. Le profilé 1 et les tronçons de profilé 2 sont par exemple réalisés en aluminium et ladite pièce peut être rectiligne, curviligne, cylindrique, etc. ... en fonction de la forme de la ligne de découpe désirée entre deux éléments (non représentés) solidarisés de toute manière connue des bords longitudinaux 1 L1 et 1 L2 du profilé de base 1 . Ce dernier fait partie de la structure formée par lesdits éléments et assure la transmission des efforts mécaniques entre ceux-ci.The pyrotechnic rupture piece, shown on the Figures 1 to 3 and according to the present invention, comprises a base profile 1, a plurality of anvil profile sections 2 - only two of which are visible on the figure 1 and a detonating pyrotechnic cord 3. The profile 1 and the section sections 2 are for example made of aluminum and said part can be rectilinear, curvilinear, cylindrical, etc. depending on the shape of the desired cutting line between two elements (not shown) secured in any known manner to the longitudinal edges 1 L1 and 1 L2 of the base profile 1. The latter is part of the structure formed by said elements and ensures the transmission of mechanical forces between them.

Le profilé de base 1 comporte un talon longitudinal saillant 4, en forme de crochet, pourvu d'une facette longitudinale plane 5 du côté interne de son extrémité libre 6. La facette longitudinale 5 est inclinée et diverge vers l'extérieur du crochet formé par ledit talon 4. Par ailleurs, le profilé de base 1 est pourvu d'une gorge longitudinale 7 à fond incliné déterminant avec ledit profilé de base 1 une rainure de fond longitudinale 7A, à faible rayon de courbure, ladite gorge longitudinale 7 étant disposée du côté de la concavité dudit talon 4 et une rainure de fin de rupture 8 étant pratiquée dans ledit profilé de base 1 du côté opposé à ladite gorge 7.The base profile 1 comprises a hook-shaped longitudinal salient heel 4 provided with a plane longitudinal facet 5 on the inner side of its free end 6. The longitudinal facet 5 is inclined and diverges towards the outside of the hook formed by said heel 4. Furthermore, the base section 1 is provided with a longitudinal groove 7 inclined bottom determines with said base section 1 a longitudinal bottom groove 7A, with a small radius of curvature, said longitudinal groove 7 being disposed of side of the concavity of said heel 4 and an end-of-rupture groove 8 being made in said base section 1 on the opposite side to said groove 7.

Les tronçons de profilé d'enclume 2 sont rapportés au profilé de base 1 les uns à la suite des autres, les bords transversaux d'extrémité 2D et 2G en regard de deux tronçons 2 consécutifs étant au moins sensiblement jointifs. Ces tronçons de profilé 2 sont solidarisés du profilé de base 1 par des boulons 9, traversant le profilé 1 et lesdits tronçons de profilé 2 et répartis le long de ceux-ci. Ces tronçons de profilé d'enclume 2 comportent, du côté externe de leur extrémité, une facette longitudinale plane 11 inclinée et convergeant vers l'intérieur du crochet formé par le talon 4.The anvil profile sections 2 are attached to the base section 1 one after the other, the transverse end edges 2D and 2G opposite two consecutive sections 2 being at least substantially joined. These sections of section 2 are secured to the base section 1 by bolts 9, passing through the profile 1 and said section sections 2 and distributed along them. These segments of anvil profile 2 comprise, on the external side of their end, a longitudinal plane facet 11 inclined and converging towards the inside of the hook formed by the heel 4.

L'extrémité longitudinale libre 10 des tronçons de profilé d'enclume 2 pénètre dans le crochet formé par le talon 4, de façon à fermer ladite gorge 7, les facettes inclinées 5 et 11 étant alors en regard l'une de l'autre, mais espacées d'un jeu prédéterminé 12 de quelques dixièmes de mm.The free longitudinal end 10 of the anvil profile sections 2 penetrates into the hook formed by the heel 4, so as to close said groove 7, the inclined facets 5 and 11 then being opposite one another, but spaced apart by a predetermined clearance 12 of a few tenths of a millimeter.

Le profilé de base 1 comporte de plus une nervure longitudinale saillante 15 contre laquelle lesdits tronçons de profilé d'enclume 2 s'appuient, du côté opposé à leur extrémité longitudinale libre 10, par l'intermédiaire d'une pluralité de cales 16 discontinues réparties le long du profilé 1 en correspondance avec lesdits boulons 9. Il est prévu des pattes 17 pour permettre la fixation des cales 16, par exemple par l'intermédiaire des boulons 9.The base profile 1 further comprises a protruding longitudinal rib 15 against which said anvil profile sections 2 bear, on the opposite side to their free longitudinal end 10, via a plurality of distributed discontinuous spacers 16. along the profile 1 in correspondence with said bolts 9. There are provided tabs 17 to allow the fixing of the wedges 16, for example by means of the bolts 9.

A l'intérieur de ladite gorge 7 ainsi fermée est disposé ledit cordeau pyrotechnique longitudinal 3, dont l'enveloppe externe 13 est positionnée axialement, parallèlement à la direction L correspondant à la largeur desdits profilés 1 et 2, par des plots de positionnement inférieur 25 (disposés généralement par collage sur le fond de la gorge du talon) et par des moyens de fixation 18 répartis le long dudit profilé de base 1 et disposés entre les tronçons de profilé 2 consécutifs. A cet effet, les bords transversaux en regard 2D et 2G de deux tronçons 2 consécutifs comportent des échancrures 19D et 19G pour le logement desdits moyens de fixation 18, qui sont indépendants des moyens de fixation 9.Inside said groove 7 thus closed is disposed said longitudinal pyrotechnic cord 3, the outer casing 13 is positioned axially, parallel to the direction L corresponding to the width of said sections 1 and 2, by lower positioning studs 25 (Usually arranged by gluing on the bottom of the throat of the heel) and by fastening means 18 distributed along said base section 1 and arranged between the section sections 2 consecutive. For this purpose, the transverse edges facing 2D and 2G of two consecutive sections 2 comprise notches 19D and 19G for accommodating said fastening means 18, which are independent of the fixing means 9.

Chaque moyen de fixation 18 comporte un lien rigide ou semi-rigide, qui se présente dans ce mode de réalisation sous la forme d'un feuillard métallique 20, formant une boucle enserrant le cordeau pyrotechnique 3. Les extrémités 20E du feuillard métallique 20 sont fixées audit profilé de base 1 par un boulon 21, dont la vis 21 V traverse lesdites extrémités 20E et le profilé de base 1 et dont l'écrou 21 E serre lesdites extrémités 20E contre ce dernier profilé, en préservant un jeu au niveau du serrage desdites extrémités 20E afin de permettre au feuillard métallique 20 de se translater verticalement et d'éviter qu'il ne casse lors de l'activation du cordeau pyrotechnique 3. Une plaquette entretoise 22 est disposée entre lesdites extrémités 20E du feuillard métallique 20 et une contre-plaquette de serrage 23 est disposée entre l'écrou 21 E et les extrémités 20E.Each fastening means 18 comprises a rigid or semi-rigid connection, which is in this embodiment in the form of a metal strip 20, forming a loop enclosing the pyrotechnic cord 3. The ends 20E of the metal strip 20 are fixed said base profile 1 by a bolt 21, the screw 21 V through said ends 20E and the base profile 1 and the nut 21 E clamps said ends 20E against the latter section, preserving a clearance level clamping said ends 20E to allow the metal strip 20 to translate vertically and to prevent it from breaking during the activation of the pyrotechnic cord 3. A spacer plate 22 is disposed between said ends 20E of the metal strip 20 and a clamping back-plate 23 is disposed between the nut 21 E and the ends 20E.

De plus, un plot de positionnement 24 est disposé entre la plaquette d'entretoise 22 et le cordeau pyrotechnique 3.In addition, a positioning stud 24 is disposed between the spacer plate 22 and the pyrotechnic cord 3.

Un tel plot de positionnement 24 garantit l'intégrité du cordeau pyrotechnique 3, lors de son fonctionnement, en l'isolant.Such a positioning pad 24 guarantees the integrity of the pyrotechnic cord 3, during its operation, by isolating it.

Ainsi, le maintien et le positionnement dudit cordeau pyrotechnique 3, dans la gorge 7, sont indépendants de la fixation desdits tronçons de profilé 2 (enclumes) sur le profilé de base 1 (talon) et il est aisé de monter les enclumes 2 compte tenu des réglages à réaliser sur le jeu 12 afin d'obtenir une valeur de jeu 14, parallèlement à la direction E correspondant à l'épaisseur des profilés 1 et 2, entre l'enveloppe externe 13 du cordeau pyrotechnique 3 et les parois de la gorge 7, qui soit nulle (contact) ou presque. Un tel jeu 14 peut, par exemple, être de l'ordre de quelques dixièmes de mm.Thus, the holding and positioning of said pyrotechnic cord 3, in the groove 7, are independent of the attachment of said section sections 2 (anvils) on the base section 1 (heel) and it is easy to mount the anvils 2 given adjustments to be made on the set 12 to obtain a play value 14, parallel to the direction E corresponding to the thickness of the sections 1 and 2, between the outer casing 13 of the pyrotechnic cord 3 and the walls of the throat 7, which is zero (contact) or almost. Such a game 14 may, for example, be of the order of a few tenths of a mm.

A sa mise à feu, le cordeau détonant 3 engendre des ondes de choc orthogonalement à lui-même, ces ondes assurant la mise en vitesse de son enveloppe 13 et conduisant à l'expansion de la section de cette dernière.At its ignition, the detonating cord 3 generates shock waves orthogonal to itself, these waves ensuring the speed of its envelope 13 and leading to the expansion of the section of the latter.

Sous l'effet de la détonation, l'enveloppe 13 est mise en vitesse par onde de choc, le jeu 14, parallèle à la direction E, permettant à cette enveloppe 13 d'acquérir une vitesse homogène suffisante pour engendrer, lors de son impact sur les profilés 1 et 2, une onde de choc capable de mettre en vitesse les parois correspondantes desdits profilés.Under the effect of the detonation, the envelope 13 is accelerated by a shock wave, the clearance 14, parallel to the direction E, allowing this envelope 13 to acquire a homogeneous speed sufficient to generate, during its impact. on the profiles 1 and 2, a shock wave capable of speeding the corresponding walls of said profiles.

La mise en mouvement du profilé 1 amorce la rupture de celui-ci suivant une ligne de rupture partant de ladite rainure de fond 7A, à faible rayon de courbure, de la gorge 7 et débouchant dans la rainure de fin de rupture 8.The setting in motion of the section 1 initiates the breaking thereof along a line of rupture starting from said bottom groove 7A, with a small radius of curvature, of the groove 7 and opening into the end-of-rupture groove 8.

Le jeu 12 entre les facettes inclinées 5 et 11 permet aux tronçons de profilé d'enclume 2 d'acquérir une vitesse homogène suffisante pour engendrer, lors de leur impact avec le talon 4, une onde de choc capable de mettre en vitesse ledit talon. Le mouvement du talon 4 du profilé 1 permet d'accroître la découpe suivant ladite ligne de rupture.The clearance 12 between the inclined facets 5 and 11 allows the anvil profile sections 2 to acquire a homogeneous speed sufficient to generate, during their impact with the heel 4, a shock wave capable of speeding said bead. The movement of the heel 4 of the profile 1 increases the cutting along said breaking line.

Ainsi, les mouvements opposés du talon 4 et de la paroi du profilé 1 au droit de l'enveloppe 13 permettent la découpe du profilé 1.Thus, the opposite movements of the heel 4 and the wall of the profile 1 to the right of the casing 13 allow the cutting of the profile 1.

Lorsque les facettes inclinées 5 et 11 sont au contact les unes des autres, la force exercée, parallèlement à la direction E, par le gonflement transversal du cordeau pyrotechnique comporte une composante, parallèle à la face 5 du talon 4, qui est appliquée sur le profilé 2 et qui facilite le déboîtement, parallèlement à la direction L, des deux parties du profilé 1 disposées de part et d'autre de ladite ligne de rupture.When the inclined facets 5 and 11 are in contact with each other, the force exerted, parallel to the direction E, by the transverse swelling of the pyrotechnic cord has a component, parallel to the face 5 of the heel 4, which is applied to the section 2 and which facilitates the dislocation, parallel to the direction L, of the two parts of the section 1 disposed on either side of said breaking line.

Bien entendu, cette composante parallèle à la face 5 tend à cisailler les boulons 9 et à les déformer par flexion par basculement des tronçons de profilé 2. Cependant, du fait que les tronçons de profilé 2 sont en appui sur la nervure 15, le cisaillement desdits boulons 9 est empêché et seul éventuellement, un basculement, d'amplitude limitée, des tronçons de profilé 2 se produit à l'opposé du profilé 1.Of course, this component parallel to the face 5 tends to shear the bolts 9 and to deform them by bending by tilting of the profile sections 2. However, because the section sections 2 bear on the rib 15, the shear said bolts 9 is prevented and only possibly a tilting, of limited amplitude, of the profile sections 2 is produced opposite to the section 1.

On obtient ainsi la séparation aisée du profilé 1 en deux parties.This results in easy separation of the section 1 into two parts.

La pièce à rupture pyrotechnique détonante selon l'invention est ainsi constituée de deux sous-systèmes indépendants, dédiés chacun à une fonction déterminée, à savoir :

  • d'une part, le sous-système de maintien du cordeau, composé de la fixation 21, de la plaquette entretoise 22 et du plot de positionnement 24, ce sous-système permettant de maintenir le cordeau en appui sur les plots de positionnement inférieur 25 (localisés dans le fond de la gorge 7 du talon), ce qui rend la pièce réversible et donc adaptée à une implémentation sur un lanceur spatial pour lequel le sens de vol peut correspondre soit au sens normal (talon pointant vers le haut) soit au sens inverse (talon pointant vers le bas) ; et
  • d'autre part, le sous-système de piégeage du cordeau, composé de la fixation 21 (ou bien d'une autre fixation indépendante de la fixation 21), de la contre-plaquette de serrage 23 (permettant de maintenir le lien 20 sans le serrer) et du lien 20, ce sous-système permettant de piéger le cordeau avec la partie découpée sur laquelle le sous-système de piégeage est fixé, ce qui garantit que tous les composants après découpe restent attachés avec l'une ou l'autre des parties découpées et donc d'éviter toute interférence.
The explosive pyrotechnic rupture part according to the invention thus consists of two independent subsystems, each dedicated to a specific function, namely:
  • on the one hand, the sub-system for holding the cord, composed of the fastener 21, the spacer plate 22 and the positioning stud 24, this subsystem for maintaining the cord resting on the lower positioning studs 25 (located in the bottom of the throat 7 of the heel), which makes the part reversible and therefore suitable for implementation on a space launcher for the direction of flight may correspond either to the normal direction (heel pointing upwards) or in the opposite direction (heel pointing downwards); and
  • on the other hand, the trapping subsystem of the cord, consisting of the fastener 21 (or else another fastener independent of the fastener 21), the clamping counter-plate 23 (to maintain the link 20 without tighten it) and link 20, this subsystem for trapping the cord with the cut-out portion on which the trapping subsystem is attached, which ensures that all components after cutting remain attached to one or the other. other cut parts and thus avoid any interference.

Claims (6)

  1. Detonating pyrotechnic separation part with:
    - a first section (1) forming the base of said part and provided with a longitudinal projecting rib (15), and with a hook-shaped longitudinal projecting heel (4) delimiting a longitudinal channel (7) in its concavity, said heel (4) having, on the inner face of its free end (6), a first plane longitudinal facet (5), divergently inclined towards the exterior of the hook formed by said heel (4);
    - a longitudinal pyrotechnic fuse (3) disposed in said channel (7); and
    - a second section added to said first section (1) and made integral therewith via first fixing means (9) distributed along the length of said first and second sections, said second section resting, via one of its longitudinal edges, against said projecting longitudinal rib (15) via blocks (16) and being provided, on the outer face of its other longitudinal edge, with a convergently-inclined second plane longitudinal facet (11) disposed opposite said first facet (5) while being distant therefrom by a first predetermined clearance (12), enabling said second facet to cooperate with said first facet during the rupture of said part, said second section thus closing said channel (7), in which said pyrotechnic fuse (3) is accommodated with a second predetermined clearance (14) parallel to the depth (E) of said first and second sections, and being capable of serving as anvil to said pyrotechnic fuse (3),
    characterised:
    - in that said second section consists of a plurality of consecutive section portions (2), fixed one after another onto said first section (1) via said first fixing means (9); and
    - in that there are provided, between said consecutive section portions (2), second fixing means (18), distributed along the length of said first section (1) and independent of said first fixing means (9), making it possible to fix and position said pyrotechnic fuse (3) relative to said first section (1).
  2. Detonating pyrotechnic separation part according to claim 1, characterised in that the facing transverse end edges (2D, 2G) of two consecutive portions (2) are at least approximately in abutment and in that at least one of said transverse edges (2D, 2G) has an indentation (19D, 19G) to accommodate the corresponding second fixing means (18).
  3. Detonating pyrotechnic separation part according to claim 1 or claim 2, characterised in that each of said second fixing means (18) has a rigid or semi-rigid tie (20) which forms a loop closely surrounding said pyrotechnic fuse (3) and the ends of which (20E) are fixed to said first section (1).
  4. Detonating pyrotechnic separation part according to claim 3. characterised in that said rigid or semi-rigid tie (20) is a metal strip.
  5. Detonating pyrotechnic separation part according to claim 3 or claim 4, characterised in that a spacer plate (22) is disposed between the ends (20E) of said rigid or semi-rigid tie (20) and in that said ends (20E) are fixed to said first section (1) by at least one bolt of which the screw (21V) passes through said ends (20E), said spacer plate (22) and said first section (1) and of which the nut (21 E) holds said ends (20E) against said spacer plate (22) and said first section (1).
  6. Detonating pyrotechnic separation part according to claim 5 characterised in that a positioning stud (24) is disposed between said spacer plate (22) and said pyrotechnic fuse (3).
EP11811083.2A 2010-12-22 2011-12-12 Reversible detonating pyrotechnic rupture piece Active EP2656002B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1005043A FR2969748B1 (en) 2010-12-22 2010-12-22 REVERSIBLE DETONATING PYROTECHNIC RUPTURE PIECE
PCT/FR2011/052941 WO2012085389A1 (en) 2010-12-22 2011-12-12 Reversible detonating pyrotechnic rupture piece

Publications (2)

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EP2656002A1 EP2656002A1 (en) 2013-10-30
EP2656002B1 true EP2656002B1 (en) 2014-08-20

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EP11811083.2A Active EP2656002B1 (en) 2010-12-22 2011-12-12 Reversible detonating pyrotechnic rupture piece

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US (1) US9062946B2 (en)
EP (1) EP2656002B1 (en)
JP (1) JP5945279B2 (en)
ES (1) ES2513597T3 (en)
FR (1) FR2969748B1 (en)
WO (1) WO2012085389A1 (en)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US10934029B2 (en) * 2017-05-04 2021-03-02 Paragon Space Development Corporation Thermally isolating joint assembly in a space vehicle
US11565835B1 (en) * 2019-02-05 2023-01-31 Stratolaunch, Llc Controlled separation joint

Family Cites Families (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR507800A (en) 1919-01-28 1920-09-23 Jean Verdie Metering system for water or any liquids
US3230885A (en) * 1963-01-23 1966-01-25 Thiokol Chemical Corp Explosive separation device
JPS562300A (en) * 1979-06-18 1981-01-10 Nissan Motor Powder type separation mechanism
FR2619738B1 (en) * 1987-08-31 1993-12-17 Dassault Breguet Aviation PROCESS FOR CREATING A SEPARATION IN A ROOM USING A PYROTECHNIC EXPANDABLE TUBE
US5109749A (en) * 1988-10-25 1992-05-05 Oea, Inc. Explosively actuated separable structure
US5969287A (en) * 1997-12-16 1999-10-19 Lockheed Martin Corporation Separation system
AU2085399A (en) * 1997-12-16 1999-07-05 Lockheed Martin Corporation Separation system
FR2838818B1 (en) * 2002-04-19 2006-12-08 Eads Launch Vehicules DEVICE FOR PROVISIONAL BONDING AND PYROTECHNIC SEPARATION OF TWO ELEMENTS, WITHOUT BREAK
FR2888926B1 (en) 2005-07-22 2007-09-28 Commissariat Energie Atomique EWOD INTERFEROMETER
FR2888925B1 (en) * 2005-07-22 2011-02-25 Eads Space Transp Sas PIECE WITH DETONATING PYROTECHNIC RUPTURE
FR2946101B1 (en) * 2009-05-29 2011-07-01 Astrium Sas DEVICE FOR PROVISIONAL BONDING AND PYROTECHNIC SEPARATION OF TWO SETS
FR2963803B1 (en) * 2010-08-10 2017-02-10 Astrium Sas FIXING DEVICE WITH PYROTECHNIC LOCK

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US20130340644A1 (en) 2013-12-26
FR2969748A1 (en) 2012-06-29
EP2656002A1 (en) 2013-10-30
JP2014503785A (en) 2014-02-13
WO2012085389A1 (en) 2012-06-28
US9062946B2 (en) 2015-06-23
JP5945279B2 (en) 2016-07-05
ES2513597T3 (en) 2014-10-27
FR2969748B1 (en) 2013-01-25

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