EP2655834B1 - Orifice d'injection pour une centrale thermique à vapeur - Google Patents

Orifice d'injection pour une centrale thermique à vapeur Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2655834B1
EP2655834B1 EP12704399.0A EP12704399A EP2655834B1 EP 2655834 B1 EP2655834 B1 EP 2655834B1 EP 12704399 A EP12704399 A EP 12704399A EP 2655834 B1 EP2655834 B1 EP 2655834B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
injection
injection line
line
aperture
steam
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP12704399.0A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2655834A1 (fr
Inventor
Arne Grassmann
Stephan Minuth
Kakhi Naskidashvili
Stefan Riemann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Priority to EP12704399.0A priority Critical patent/EP2655834B1/fr
Publication of EP2655834A1 publication Critical patent/EP2655834A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2655834B1 publication Critical patent/EP2655834B1/fr
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K9/00—Plants characterised by condensers arranged or modified to co-operate with the engines
    • F01K9/04—Plants characterised by condensers arranged or modified to co-operate with the engines with dump valves to by-pass stages
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28C—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT WITHOUT CHEMICAL INTERACTION
    • F28C3/00—Other direct-contact heat-exchange apparatus
    • F28C3/06—Other direct-contact heat-exchange apparatus the heat-exchange media being a liquid and a gas or vapour
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
    • B01F25/30—Injector mixers
    • B01F25/31—Injector mixers in conduits or tubes through which the main component flows
    • B01F25/313—Injector mixers in conduits or tubes through which the main component flows wherein additional components are introduced in the centre of the conduit
    • B01F25/3133—Injector mixers in conduits or tubes through which the main component flows wherein additional components are introduced in the centre of the conduit characterised by the specific design of the injector
    • B01F25/31332—Ring, torus, toroidal or coiled configurations

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an injection orifice for mixing water and steam in a pipeline, wherein means for injecting water are provided in the injection orifice. Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for cooling a vapor, wherein the vapor flows through an injection orifice.
  • steam turbines are fluidly connected via comparatively complicated pipelines to a steam generator.
  • hot steam is generated, which is usually led to a high-pressure or medium-pressure turbine section.
  • the steam generated by the steam generator flows directly to the high-pressure or medium-pressure turbine section.
  • the steam must not necessarily flow directly to the turbine, but must be diverted to the condenser.
  • the condenser the steam is converted back into water.
  • diverter stations are used in these power plants described above, whose task is to direct the steam coming from the steam generator completely or partially directly into the condenser.
  • the bypass station is used in addition to the regular continuous operation during the so-called start-up or shutdown.
  • a diverter station displays the document WO2010 / 034659A2 .
  • the steam is conducted via the bypass station to the condenser, the steam is passed via a diverter valve and a short pipe to an injection orifice. After flowing through the bypass valve, the short pipe and the injection orifice, the pressure of the steam decreases.
  • the steam is cooled to be controlled with the condenser to a tuned level.
  • the single-stage injection orifice is for a maximum injection quantity designed for water. Under unfavorable circumstances, this can lead to a poor mixing of the steam with the water in the partial load operation of the bypass station, when comparatively little cooling water is required. This could lead to erosion and temperature problems in the downstream condenser.
  • the invention begins, whose task is to provide a way to optimally adapt the steam parameters, especially to be able to adapt to load cases.
  • an injection orifice for mixing water and steam in a pipeline according to claim 1, wherein in the aperture a first injection line and a second injection line for injection of water is formed in an injection orifice flow channel, wherein the injection orifice flow channel through a inside injection port flow surface is formed on the injection orifice and the second injection line is arranged in the flow direction after the first injection line.
  • the object is achieved by a method for cooling a vapor according to claim 9, wherein the steam flows through an injection orifice, wherein water is injected into the steam via a first injection line and a second injection line.
  • the invention is based on the idea that in addition to a singular injection known in the prior art, a dual injection with two injection lines to a better Mixing of the water with the steam leads. This tunes the steam parameters better to the level of the condenser.
  • the injection via the first injection line and the second injection line takes place in two stages. This means that 0% - 60% of the injection takes place in the first injection line during a start-up process in which not the full amount of water is needed via a control. For example, in load shedding, etc., the second stage is additionally turned on so that the second stage represented by the second injection pipe realizes the remaining capacity of 60% -100%.
  • the modified and inventive injection orifice can not only inject sufficient cooling water mass flow at 100% load, but also ensure a part-load operation of Dampfumleitstation better mixing of the water with the steam.
  • the injection port flow-side surface of the injection port on the inside is designed as a Laval nozzle. This basically means that the flow cross-section first tapers and then increases. As a result, the pressure distribution in the injection orifice is optimized.
  • the injection orifice is substantially rotationally symmetrical to a rotational symmetry axis and the first injection line is arranged at an angle ⁇ 1 with respect to the injection orifice flow surface, wherein the second injection line is arranged at an angle ⁇ 2 with respect to the injection orifice flow surface, the angles ⁇ 1 and ⁇ 2 can assume values between 10 ° and 80 °.
  • Optimum mixing of the steam jet with the water injection jet is possible if the two flow directions (of the steam jet and the water injection jet) are not disposed at an obtuse angle. It would be better to mix at an angle between 10 ° and 80 °. Further advantageous angles are in the range of 20 ° to 70 ° and between 30 ° and 60 °.
  • angles ⁇ 1 and ⁇ 2 are substantially identical.
  • the first injection line and the second injection line can be connected to a common injection line.
  • one valve can be used in the first injection line and in the second injection line.
  • a control valve shall be taken into account.
  • the first injection line and the second injection line are fluidically connected via a common injection line.
  • the second injection line is initially blocked via the valve, so that water can be injected only via the first injection line.
  • the second control valve is opened so that it is possible to let up to 100% of the water injection amount flow into the injection orifice, thereby enabling better mixing with the steam jet.
  • the FIG. 1 shows a view of an injection orifice 1 seen in a flow direction 2.
  • the flow direction 2 in this case shows perpendicular to the plane.
  • the injection orifice 1 is arranged within a pipeline 3, this pipeline 3 being arranged in a bypass station in a steam power plant or in a gas turbine power plant. Through this pipe 3 flows a vapor which has been generated in a steam generator.
  • the injection orifice 1 is formed substantially rotationally symmetrical to a rotational symmetry axis 4.
  • the injection orifice 1 has, within the pipeline 3, an injection orifice flow surface 5 which serves as what is shown in FIG FIG. 2 it can be seen, Laval nozzle is formed.
  • the FIG. 2 shows a cross-sectional view of the injection orifice 1.
  • the injection orifice 1 is substantially characterized in that the injection orifice flow surface 5 is similar to a Laval nozzle.
  • the Laval nozzle in a first region 6 has a comparatively large flow cross-section.
  • the first region 6 is adjoined by a tapering region 7, in which the flow cross section is reduced.
  • a continuous region 8 adjoins, in which the flow channel is continuously expanded.
  • a first injection line 9 and a second injection line 10 are arranged.
  • the first region 6, the tapering region 7 and the continuous region 8 are viewed in the flow direction 2, arranged one behind the other.
  • the first injection line 9 is inclined at an angle ⁇ 1 , which is substantially opposite the injection orifice flow surface 5 is arranged.
  • the second injection line 10 is formed at an angle ⁇ 2 with respect to the inflow-flow surface 5.
  • the angle ⁇ 1 can assume values between 10 ° - 80 °, 20 ° - 70 °, 30 ° - 60 °.
  • the angle ⁇ 2 can assume values between 10 ° - 80 °, 20 ° - 70 ° and 30 ° - 60 °.
  • the angles ⁇ 1 and ⁇ 2 may be substantially identical.
  • the first injection line 9 opens into a first supply line 11.
  • the second injection line 10 opens into a second supply line 12.
  • a control valve 13 is arranged in the first supply line 11.
  • a control valve 14 is arranged in the second supply line 12.
  • the first supply line 11 and the second supply line 12 open into a common injection line 15.
  • a measuring device 16 is arranged, which determines the flow rate.
  • the second injection line 10 is arranged in the flow direction 2 after the first injection line 9.
  • control valve 14 is initially closed, so that no water is flowed into the steam jet via the second injection line 2. If a water capacity of 0% - 60% is required in the steam jet, the control valve 13 is opened, wherein a control regulates the flow rate in the first injection line 9 in the steam jet.
  • the control valve 14 is opened, so that a capacity of up to 100% in the steam jet is possible. Therefore, in the second injection pipe 10, the capacity of 60% - 100% is adopted.
  • first bore 17 in the injection orifice 1 is arranged between the first injection line 9 and the first supply line 11.
  • second bore 18 in the injection orifice 1 is arranged between the second injection line 10 and the second supply line 12.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Nozzles (AREA)
  • Control Of Turbines (AREA)

Claims (11)

  1. Orifice ( 1 ) d'injection pour mélanger de l'eau et de la vapeur dans une canalisation ( 3 ),
    dans lequel la vapeur passe dans un sens ( 2 ) d'écoulement, dans lequel il est formé dans l'orifice ( 1 ) d'injection un premier conduit ( 9 ) d'injection et un deuxième conduit ( 10 ) d'injection pour l'injection d'eau dans un canal d'écoulement d'orifice d'injection,
    dans lequel le canal d'écoulement d'orifice d'injection est formé par une surface ( 5 ) d'orifice d'injection du côté intérieur sur l'orifice ( 1 ) d'injection,
    caractérisé en ce que
    le deuxième conduit ( 10 ) d'injection est disposé dans le sens d'écoulement en aval du premier conduit ( 9 ) d'injection,
    dans lequel le premier conduit ( 9 ) d'injection débouche dans un premier conduit ( 11 ) d'admission, dans lequel est monté un robinet ( 13 ) de réglage,
    dans lequel le deuxième conduit ( 10 ) d'injection débouche dans un deuxième conduit ( 12 ) d'admission, dans lequel est monté un robinet ( 14 ) de commande,
    dans lequel le robinet ( 14 ) de commande et le robinet ( 13 ) de réglage sont constitués de manière à ce que, pendant le fonctionnement, il ne passe d'abord pas de vapeur par le deuxième conduit ( 2 ) d'injection.
  2. Orifice ( 1 ) d'injection suivant la revendication 1,
    dans lequel le robinet ( 13 ) de réglage est constitué de manière à ce que, si la capacité d'eau dont on a besoin va de 0 % à 60 %, le robinet ( 13 ) de réglage est ouvert et règle une régulation du débit dans le premier conduit ( 9 ) d'injection.
  3. Orifice ( 1 ) d'injection suivant la revendication 2,
    dans lequel le robinet ( 14 ) de commande est constitué de manière à ce que, si l'on a besoin d'une capacité d'eau allant jusqu'à 100 %, le robinet ( 14 ) de commande est ouvert.
  4. Orifice ( 1 ) d'injection suivant l'une des revendications précédentes,
    dans lequel la surface ( 5 ) d'écoulement d'orifice d'injection du côté intérieur est constituée sous la forme d'une tuyère Laval.
  5. Orifice ( 1 ) d'injection suivant l'une des revendications précédentes,
    dans lequel le canal d'écoulement d'orifice d'injection se rétrécit d'abord dans un sens ( 2 ) d'écoulement de la vapeur entrante et ensuite s'élargit.
  6. Orifice ( 1 ) d'injection suivant l'une des revendications précédentes,
    dans lequel l'orifice ( 1 ) d'injection est sensiblement de révolution par rapport à un axe ( 4 ) de révolution et le premier conduit ( 9 ) d'injection fait un angle α1 par rapport à la surface ( 5 ) d'écoulement d'orifice d'injection,
    le deuxième conduit ( 10 ) d'injection fait un angle α2 par rapport à la surface ( 5 ) d'écoulement d'orifice d'injection,
    α1 et α2 pouvant prendre des valeurs comprises entre 10° et 80°.
  7. Orifice ( 1 ) d'injection suivant la revendication 6, dans lequel α1 et α2 sont sensiblement pareils.
  8. Orifice ( 1 ) d'injection suivant l'une des revendications précédentes,
    dans lequel le premier conduit ( 9 ) d'injection et le deuxième conduit ( 10 ) d'injection peuvent communiquer avec un conduit ( 15 ) d'injection commun.
  9. Procédé de refroidissement d'une vapeur,
    dans lequel la vapeur passe dans un orifice ( 1 ) d'injection,
    dans lequel on injecte de l'eau dans la vapeur par un premier conduit ( 9 ) d'injection et par un deuxième conduit ( 10 ) d'injection ( 10 ),
    dans lequel on ferme d'abord le deuxième conduit ( 10 ) d'injection et on n'injecte de l'eau que par le premier conduit ( 9 ) d'injection,
    dans lequel on relie fluidiquement le premier conduit ( 9 ) d'injection et le deuxième conduit ( 10 ) d'injection avec un conduit ( 15 ) d'injection commun et
    dans lequel le premier conduit ( 9 ) d'injection injecte dans la vapeur de 0 % à 60 % de la capacité de l'eau pouvant passer dans le conduit ( 5 ) d'injection commun.
  10. Procédé suivant la revendication 9,
    dans lequel le deuxième conduit ( 10 ) d'injection injecte dans la vapeur les 60 % à 100 % restants de la capacité de l'eau pouvant passer dans le conduit commun d'injection.
  11. Procédé suivant l'une des revendications 9 à 10,
    dans lequel on monte dans le premier conduit ( 9 ) d'injection un premier robinet ( 13 ) et dans le deuxième conduit ( 10 ) d'injection un deuxième robinet ( 14 ).
EP12704399.0A 2011-03-14 2012-02-09 Orifice d'injection pour une centrale thermique à vapeur Not-in-force EP2655834B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP12704399.0A EP2655834B1 (fr) 2011-03-14 2012-02-09 Orifice d'injection pour une centrale thermique à vapeur

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP11158049A EP2500549A1 (fr) 2011-03-14 2011-03-14 Ecran d'injection pour une centrale à vapeur
EP12704399.0A EP2655834B1 (fr) 2011-03-14 2012-02-09 Orifice d'injection pour une centrale thermique à vapeur
PCT/EP2012/052192 WO2012123194A1 (fr) 2011-03-14 2012-02-09 Orifice d'injection pour une centrale thermique à vapeur

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2655834A1 EP2655834A1 (fr) 2013-10-30
EP2655834B1 true EP2655834B1 (fr) 2015-10-28

Family

ID=44357958

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP11158049A Withdrawn EP2500549A1 (fr) 2011-03-14 2011-03-14 Ecran d'injection pour une centrale à vapeur
EP12704399.0A Not-in-force EP2655834B1 (fr) 2011-03-14 2012-02-09 Orifice d'injection pour une centrale thermique à vapeur

Family Applications Before (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP11158049A Withdrawn EP2500549A1 (fr) 2011-03-14 2011-03-14 Ecran d'injection pour une centrale à vapeur

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (2) EP2500549A1 (fr)
CN (1) CN103443420B (fr)
WO (1) WO2012123194A1 (fr)

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4372125A (en) * 1980-12-22 1983-02-08 General Electric Company Turbine bypass desuperheater control system
JPS595811A (ja) * 1982-07-01 1984-01-12 Toshiba Corp 低圧タ−ビンバイパス装置
DE3240453A1 (de) * 1982-11-02 1984-05-03 Kraftwerk Union AG, 4330 Mülheim Dampfturbinenkondensator mit mindestens einer in den dampfdom einmuendenden umleitdampfeinfuehrung
CN86207574U (zh) * 1986-10-13 1987-08-19 长春市盐城科技开发咨询处 喷管式汽水混合加热器
EP2213847A1 (fr) * 2008-09-24 2010-08-04 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Centrale à vapeur destinée à la production d'énergie électrique

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN103443420B (zh) 2016-05-18
EP2655834A1 (fr) 2013-10-30
EP2500549A1 (fr) 2012-09-19
WO2012123194A1 (fr) 2012-09-20
CN103443420A (zh) 2013-12-11

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