EP2654065A1 - Steuereinheit zur Unterbrechung einer Leitung im Falle von Überstrom in dieser Leitung, und Schutzschalter gegen Überstrom in einer Leitung - Google Patents

Steuereinheit zur Unterbrechung einer Leitung im Falle von Überstrom in dieser Leitung, und Schutzschalter gegen Überstrom in einer Leitung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2654065A1
EP2654065A1 EP13354012.0A EP13354012A EP2654065A1 EP 2654065 A1 EP2654065 A1 EP 2654065A1 EP 13354012 A EP13354012 A EP 13354012A EP 2654065 A1 EP2654065 A1 EP 2654065A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
line
zone
coil
winding
circuit
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP13354012.0A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP2654065B1 (de
Inventor
Lionel Urankar
Stéphane FOLLIC
Jean-Pierre Duchemin
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Schneider Electric Industries SAS
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Schneider Electric Industries SAS
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Schneider Electric Industries SAS filed Critical Schneider Electric Industries SAS
Publication of EP2654065A1 publication Critical patent/EP2654065A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2654065B1 publication Critical patent/EP2654065B1/de
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/10—Operating or release mechanisms
    • H01H71/12—Automatic release mechanisms with or without manual release
    • H01H71/123—Automatic release mechanisms with or without manual release using a solid-state trip unit
    • H01H71/125—Automatic release mechanisms with or without manual release using a solid-state trip unit characterised by sensing elements, e.g. current transformers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/10—Operating or release mechanisms
    • H01H71/12—Automatic release mechanisms with or without manual release
    • H01H71/24—Electromagnetic mechanisms
    • H01H71/2463—Electromagnetic mechanisms with plunger type armatures
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/16—Rectilinearly-movable armatures
    • H01F2007/1684—Armature position measurement using coils

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of overcurrent protection. More specifically, it relates to a control assembly which is of the control unit type of a cut of a line in the event of overcurrent in this line, by transmission of an electrical control signal to a control device. 'a break switch of the line.
  • the invention also relates to an overcurrent protection circuit breaker in a line, of the type comprising a line breaking switch, a device for operating this switch in response to an electrical control signal, and a control unit. a cut of the line in case of overcurrent in this line, by sending the electrical control signal to the operating device.
  • Electromechanical circuit breakers are well known and constitute a special kind of overcurrent protection circuit breaker.
  • An electromechanical circuit breaker conventionally comprises a coil connected in the line to be protected, and a movable ferromagnetic core which is exposed to the magnetic field produced by the coil when it is energized.
  • the moving part of a cut-off switch of the line to be protected is mechanically coupled to the mobile core.
  • this Mobile core is driven by the magnetic field produced by the coil and its motion is transmitted to the moving part of the switch, which is thus open.
  • electromechanical circuit breaker is not flexible for use in single-use: electromechanical circuit breakers only fulfill their only protection function in the event of a short-circuit, without being able to cooperate with other devices or being triggered by a control. exterior.
  • electromechanical circuit breakers are not equipped with a self-test, that is to say they can not conduct tests on themselves to check their condition.
  • the French patent application FR 2,812,965 which discloses an electromagnetic actuator of a breaking pole, comprising a magnetic circuit provided with a fixed core, an excitation coil connected in series on a current line, and a measuring component, such as a coil surrounding the fixed core .
  • a current flows through the excitation coil, a magnetic field is created in the magnetic circuit, and the measurement component creates an electric current proportional to the current flowing in the excitation coil, to actuate the breaking pole.
  • a current flows through the excitation coil, a magnetic field is created in the magnetic circuit, and the measurement component creates an electric current proportional to the current flowing in the excitation coil, to actuate the breaking pole.
  • the invention is at least intended to provide a circuit breaker that provides protection identical or comparable to a protection I 2 t and which, without being too expensive, is flexible in use in being used in one or more other features besides that of protecting against overcurrent.
  • W ⁇ t t + d i 2 d t .
  • the operating device of the switch is controlled by an electronic device which can perform several different functions, in particular easily communicate with the outside.
  • This electronic device can in particular receive from outside and implement orders to open or close the switch, for example in the context of an installation control applying a load shedding strategy. Thanks to its ability to exchange with the outside, the electronic device therefore allows the circuit breaker is used in a new feature.
  • the electronic device of the circuit breaker according to the invention does not have to perform a large sum of calculations in a very short time and can be cheap.
  • control assembly defined above may incorporate one or more other advantageous characteristics, alone or in combination, in particular from those defined below.
  • control assembly comprises a reception input of an external control and is adapted to control the operating device to actuate the switch according to this external command.
  • the detection device comprises a magnetic field variation detection coil, as well as a magnet driven by the moving element so as to modify the magnetic field inside the detection coil during a period of time. inversion of the position of the moving equipment between the waiting and trigger zones.
  • the winding of the actuator and the detection coil delimit respectively a first and a second axial passage. leading to one another.
  • the moving element is axially slidable in the first passage and drives the magnet towards and away from an axial inlet of the second passage.
  • control assembly comprises first and second magnetic circuits.
  • the first magnetic circuit comprises at least one loop which passes through the winding of the actuator.
  • the second magnetic circuit comprises at least one loop which passes through the detection coil.
  • the or each loop of the second magnetic circuit is angularly offset from the or each loop of the first magnetic circuit, around said second axial passage, so as to be substantially magnetically decoupled from the first magnetic circuit.
  • control assembly comprises a partition wall dividing the space locally into a first region, where the winding of the actuator is located, and a second region, where the detection coil is located.
  • this partition wall is made of ferromagnetic material in order to channel the driving magnetic field and a deflection of this field away from said detection coil.
  • the magnet passes the separation wall when the moving equipment passes from the waiting zone to the trigger zone.
  • said partition wall is part of a carcass which is made of ferromagnetic material, which forms part of a first magnetic circuit passing through the winding of the actuator and forms part of a second magnetic circuit passing through. in the detection coil.
  • control assembly comprises a hollow support shaft which is engaged in the first and second passages and which supports the winding of the actuator and the detection coil.
  • the support shaft encloses the moving element.
  • the carcass comprises two parts which are fixed to one another and which retain axially between them the support shaft.
  • the invention also relates to a circuit breaker which is of the aforementioned type and whose control assembly is as defined above.
  • reference 1 designates a circuit breaker which is in accordance with the invention and which is connected in an electrical line 2 to provide protection against accidental overcurrents.
  • the circuit breaker 1 comprises an electromechanical subassembly 3, whose function is to react to an overcurrent and which is under the observation of an electronic monitoring and control device.
  • a microcontroller 5 as in the example shown, this electronic device controls a device 6 for maneuvering a switch 7 for cutting line 2.
  • the electromechanical subassembly 3 and microcontroller 5 are part of a set control according to the invention.
  • the microcontroller 5 can communicate with the outside.
  • this microcontroller 5 has indeed an input 8 for receiving an external control, which it is able to apply to the operating device 6 and which can be the order to cut the line 2 or the reverse order to close this line 2.
  • the operating device 6 may have several forms.
  • the assembly that it forms with the switch 7 may be constituted by an electromechanical relay.
  • the maneuvering device 6 comprises an electromechanical actuator known in itself and shown schematically, the coil and the movable magnetic circuit are respectively referenced 10 and 11.
  • reference 12 designates the connection terminals of circuit breaker 1 in line 2.
  • the electromechanical subassembly 3 is shown alone at figure 2 . It comprises a hollow support shaft 20, made of polymer and mounted in an assembly casing 21. With a longitudinal axis X-X ', this hollow shaft 20 supports a winding 22 and a detection coil 23 offset axially one. on the other and substantially coaxial, being centered on the axis X-X '.
  • the assembly carcass 21 results from the attachment of two parts 24 and 25 to one another.
  • Each of the pieces 24 and 25 is obtained by U-folding a blank of ferromagnetic material, for example of suitable steel.
  • Each wing of the U defined by the piece 25 is crimped or welded or otherwise assembled on one of two opposite edges, a partition wall 26 that forms one of the wings of the U defined by the piece 24.
  • the wings of the piece 24 are traversed by the axis X-X ', which passes through the bottom of the U formed by the piece 25.
  • the partition wall 26 locally divides the space: on one side of this partition wall 26 is a first region, which the part 24 partially surrounds and where there is the winding 22. On the other side of the partition wall 26 is a second region that the part 25 partially surrounds and where there is the detection coil 23.
  • the partition wall 26 provides a magnetic isolation function of the first and second regions relative to one another. other, by channeling any field magnetic sensor generated from one of these first and second regions and radially deflecting it towards the rest of the assembly carcass 21.
  • the part 24 forms part of a first magnetic circuit, which is referenced C 1 and symbolized by a broken line at the figure 3 .
  • this first magnetic circuit C 1 has only one loop passing through the winding 22.
  • the partition wall 26 is common to the first magnetic circuit C 1 and to a second magnetic circuit, which further comprises the part 25.
  • This second magnetic circuit is referenced C 2 and symbolized by a broken line at the figure 3 . In the example shown, it comprises two loops passing through the detection coil 23.
  • the magnetic circuit C 2 may also comprise only one loop passing through the detection coil 23.
  • Each loop of the magnetic circuit C 2 is angularly offset by 90 ° with respect to the loop of the magnetic circuit C 1 , around the axis X-X ', so as to be substantially magnetically decoupled from this magnetic circuit C 1 .
  • the winding 22 and the part 24 constitute the static part of an actuator, of which a movable plunger core 27 is visible at the figure 4 .
  • this actuator does not have to be powerful and its winding 22 may advantageously comprise only a single turn, as in the example shown, or a few turns.
  • the plunger core 27 is part of a moving element which is slidably mounted along the axis X-X ', in the axial passage delimited internally by the winding 22.
  • coil compression spring 28 forms a resilient member reminding said moving element towards the detection coil 23, against a stop constituted by an internal shoulder 29 of the support shaft 20.
  • the plunger core 27 has an end which is directed towards the axial passage delimited by the detection coil 23 and which carries a permanent magnet 30.
  • the support shaft 20 encloses the spring 28, the magnet 30, as well as the plunger 27, of which it guides the axial sliding.
  • the magnetic circuit C 1 comprises the plunger core 27 and a fixed core 31 engaged in one end of the support shaft 20.
  • the magnetic circuit C 2 comprises a static core 32 of ferromagnetic material.
  • This static core 32 is engaged in one end of the support shaft 20, so as to extend in the axial passage delimited by the detection coil 23.
  • the parts 24 and 25 of the assembly carcass 21 hold together the support shaft 20, in the direction defined by the axis X-X '.
  • the fixed core 31 and the static core 32 laterally retain the ends of this support shaft 20, each having a pin which is engaged through the corresponding part 24 or 25 and which is crimped or welded or fastened by fitting by force to this piece.
  • the assembly carcass 21, the fixed core 31 and the static core 32 maintain assembled the components of the electromechanical subassembly 3, at the same time that they form the major part of two magnetic circuits. In doing so, they fill simultaneously two functions, which is advantageous in particular in terms of simplification, lightening, reduced size, ease of industrial assembly and lower cost.
  • the support shaft 20 is provided with the detection coil 23 and with different components that this support shaft 20 is intended to enclose, and among which notably include the core plunger 27 provided with the magnet 30, as well as the spring 28.
  • the assembly thus formed is engaged through the partition wall 26 and then in the winding 22, and it is put in place in the part 24 already provided with the core fixed 31, but not yet of the piece 25.
  • the installation of this piece 25 and its attachment to the piece 24 take place only then.
  • the part 25 can be assembled at one end of the support shaft 20 before the latter is put in place in the part 24.
  • the winding 22 is intended to be connected in the line 2 to be monitored.
  • this winding 22 and the cutoff switch 7 are connected in series between the two terminals 12 for connecting the circuit breaker 1 in the line 2.
  • the terminals of the detection coil 23 are connected to an input of the microcontroller 5, which monitors the voltage between them.
  • the microcontroller 5 is further adapted to perform itself, at regular intervals, an automated continuity check test.
  • the detection coil 23 and a bias resistor 40 of this coil 23 are connected in series between two points to which different electrical potentials V 0 and V ref are applied.
  • the detection coil 23 has a much lower electrical resistance than that of the bias resistor 40. Therefore, when there is a break in the electrical continuity of the detection coil 23, the potential at a point between this coil of detection 23 and the bias resistor 40 changes significantly, passing substantially from V 0 to V ref in the example shown, which monitors the automated test.
  • a supply circuit of the coil 10 of the operating device 6 comprises two electronic cut-off switches controlled by the microcontroller 5 and each of which may be in the form of a transistor 41 or 42.
  • the transistor 41 and the coil 10 are connected in series in a branch connected to a DC power supply.
  • a freewheeling diode 43 and a zener diode 44 are connected in series, so as to be in opposite directions.
  • the transistor 42 and the zener diode 44 are connected in parallel.
  • the electromechanical subassembly 3 is as illustrated in FIG. figure 4 , on which the compressed spring 28 holds the immobilized plunger 26 in abutment against the shoulder 29, in a waiting zone.
  • the magnet 30 is then within the magnetic circuit C 2 passing through the detection coil 23. The magnetic field that it produces therefore reigns inside this detection coil 23.
  • the plunger core 27 carries with it the magnet 30 away from the magnetic circuit C 2 , by causing it to cross the partition wall 26 and bringing it into the first aforementioned region, that is to say in a region where the magnetic field produced by this magnet 30 is not or almost not present inside the detection coil 23.
  • the passage of the plunger 27 between its position of the figure 4 and that of the figure 6 thus results in a variation of the magnetic flux generated by the magnet 30 through the detection coil 23.
  • the drop of the magnetic flux through the detection coil 23 leads to the fact that, at its terminals, this coil 23 produces a voltage that detects the microcontroller 5 thus informed about the occurrence of the overcurrent.
  • the voltage detected by the microcontroller 5 depends on the rate of variation of the magnetic flux and therefore on the speed of the moving element, which is itself a function of the rate of increase di / dt of the intensity i of the current in line 2.
  • the detection coil 23 is dimensioned such that the voltage induced in this coil 23 is sufficiently high, for example of the order of a volt, to be detected by the microcontroller 5 without having to be amplified beforehand, which allows the economy of an expensive amplification.
  • the plunger core 27 is driven axially from the waiting zone to the trigger zone by compression of the spring 28 and the storage 28. Under these conditions, its driving to the trip zone implies the satisfaction of a condition, which is generally the triggering condition of a protection I 2 t.
  • the integral ⁇ t t + d i 2 d t must reach a minimum value that is substantially constant irrespective of the change in intensity i of the current in line 2 over the fixed duration of integration d. Being substantially constant, this minimum value is comparable to a threshold and is considered to constitute such a threshold in the definition and use of the protection conferred by the circuit breaker 1.
  • the coil 10 is energized and the operating device 6 holds the switch 7 in the closed position.
  • the microcontroller 5 opens the switch 7.
  • the opening of the switch 7 must be performed very quickly after this detection.
  • the microcontroller 5 simultaneously opens the transistors 41 and 42. In this way, a strong counter-voltage is established across the coil 10, which leads to a rapid demagnetization of the latter. It follows a prompt displacement of the mobile magnetic circuit 11 under the action of a spring, not shown, returning the switch 7 to its open position.
  • a quick opening of the switch 7 is also brutal for the hardware. It may not be useful to quickly open this switch 7, for example when the command to cut the line 2 comes from the outside through the input 8 and does not result in detection of an overcurrent.
  • the microcontroller 5 can control a slower opening of the switch 7. To do this, it opens the transistor 42 and leaves the transistor 41 closed, so that the zener diode is bypassed and the coil 10 can be discharged slowly because the low counter-tension imposed by the freewheeling diode 43.
  • the transistor 41 can also be used to regulate the supply current of the coil 10 by chopping the supply voltage, which can then be wide range, that is to say likely to fluctuate over a wide range.
  • the circuit breaker 1 has the advantage of being designed to provide protection against low overcurrent, for example against overcurrent of less than ten amperes.
  • the circuit breaker 1 has other advantages of having high reliability, low cost and space saving.
  • the detection of a passage of the plunger core 27 from the waiting zone to the trip zone can be performed by a device other than that described above.
  • this detection can be performed by means of a microswitch, or a Hall effect sensor, or even any other electronic or mechanical sensor capable of detecting a position.
  • the detection device comprising the magnet 30 and the detection coil 23 as shown in FIGS. Figures 2, 4 and 6 has the advantages of being reliable and being able to be tested automatically so that its state of operation is verified, as was explained above.
  • the electronic device controlling the operating device 6 is a control logic that can have various forms, in particular not be in the form of a microcontroller 5.
  • a customer integrated circuit also designated by the acronym CIC and still called "specific application integrated circuit” (named ASIC or "Application-Specific Integrated Circuit” in English), can be used in place of the microcontroller 5.
  • a programmable gate array (designated by the terms “field programmable gate array” And by the acronym FPGA in English) may also be suitable for the same purposes.
  • the microcontroller 5 can be replaced or supplemented by comparators associated with logic.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Breakers (AREA)
EP13354012.0A 2012-04-17 2013-04-05 Steuereinheit zur Unterbrechung einer Leitung im Falle von Überstrom in dieser Leitung, und Schutzschalter gegen Überstrom in einer Leitung Active EP2654065B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1201127A FR2989512B1 (fr) 2012-04-17 2012-04-17 Ensemble de commande d'une coupure d'une ligne en cas de surintensite dans cette ligne et disjoncteur de protection contre une surintensite dans une ligne

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2654065A1 true EP2654065A1 (de) 2013-10-23
EP2654065B1 EP2654065B1 (de) 2018-08-29

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EP13354012.0A Active EP2654065B1 (de) 2012-04-17 2013-04-05 Steuereinheit zur Unterbrechung einer Leitung im Falle von Überstrom in dieser Leitung, und Schutzschalter gegen Überstrom in einer Leitung

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2654065B1 (de)
CN (1) CN103377861B (de)
ES (1) ES2699400T3 (de)
FR (1) FR2989512B1 (de)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110635442B (zh) * 2019-09-05 2020-11-10 广东坚宝电缆有限公司 一种新能源车内高压线缆的高温断电装置

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2812965A1 (fr) * 2000-08-10 2002-02-15 Schneider Electric Ind Sa Actionneur electromagnetique pour appareil interrupteur de protection
US20030235021A1 (en) * 2000-11-23 2003-12-25 Bernd Siedelhofer Electrical switching device for fault-current, overcurrent and short-circuit current protection
DE10253018A1 (de) * 2002-11-14 2004-05-27 Abb Patent Gmbh Schaltgerät sowie System und Verfahren zur Strommessung in dem Schaltgerät

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2779567B1 (fr) * 1998-06-03 2000-07-13 Hager Electro Sous-ensemble magnetique optimise
EP2302657A1 (de) * 2009-09-23 2011-03-30 ABB Schweiz AG Strombegrenzungssystem

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2812965A1 (fr) * 2000-08-10 2002-02-15 Schneider Electric Ind Sa Actionneur electromagnetique pour appareil interrupteur de protection
US20030235021A1 (en) * 2000-11-23 2003-12-25 Bernd Siedelhofer Electrical switching device for fault-current, overcurrent and short-circuit current protection
DE10253018A1 (de) * 2002-11-14 2004-05-27 Abb Patent Gmbh Schaltgerät sowie System und Verfahren zur Strommessung in dem Schaltgerät

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN103377861A (zh) 2013-10-30
EP2654065B1 (de) 2018-08-29
CN103377861B (zh) 2017-05-24
ES2699400T3 (es) 2019-02-11
FR2989512B1 (fr) 2014-04-25
FR2989512A1 (fr) 2013-10-18

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