EP2652201B1 - Device for anchoring a plurality of cable strands of a cable bundle - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a device for anchoring a plurality of cable strands of a rope bundle according to the preamble of claim 1. Such devices are used, for example, for anchoring the suspension cables to suspension or cable-stayed bridges. In principle, however, other applications are conceivable, in particular for the prestressing of components by means of wire or strand bundles. The term "cable strand" is understood below any individual pulling element.

It has long been known and customary to fan out the individual cable strands of a rope bundle at the ends and to anchor them individually in an anchor body. A problem of such end anchors is that on the one hand the individual cable strands must be summarized as close to the anchor body to the rope bundle and that on the other hand, the rope bundle itself can perform relative to the rigidly mounted anchor body movements. As a result, not only tensile forces but also deflecting forces act transversely to the cable longitudinal direction in the individual cable strands, which must be absorbed by the anchorage.

Already the CH 541 693 describes a wire cable anchorage for high dynamic stress, in which in order to accommodate the deflecting forces of the behind the anchor body converging wires into a bundle in the deflection support means are inserted against which the wires abut. It can also be a support body, which is arranged directly behind the anchor body.

In the GB 2,157,339 a cable anchoring is described in which at a distance to an anchor plate within a tubular anchor body a deflector is held, which may consist of plastic material and which supports the fanned rope strands.

According to a further development of this solution is in the EP 1 181 422 proposed to expand the output openings in a trumpet-like manner in a guide element arranged at a distance from an anchoring unit. These guide channels also have in the direction of the anchoring unit on a transverse distribution, which is aligned with the transverse distribution of the openings of the anchoring unit. The individual cable strands thus run parallel between the anchoring unit and the guide channels in the guide element and only converge at the outlet openings.

An outwardly trumpet-shaped expanding support surface for anchoring a wire bundle in an anchor head is also due to the CH 608 059 known. However, this extension surrounds not a single strand of rope, but the entire emerging wire bundle.

A trumpet-like extension of individual guide tubes for each strand has become known by the strand tensioning method VT-M / CMM for internal prestressing without composite (approval decision Zl. 860.300 / 34-VI / VII / 93 of the Republic of Austria).

Finally, under the name "BBR HiAm CONA ™" an anchoring system for cable strands has become known in which each individual strand of wire between the anchor body and a spaced guide disc in a guide tube (company brochure BBR VT International AG, CH-8603 Schwerzenbach, issue 03/2009).

The DE 37 34 954 relates to a corrosion-resistant tension member, primarily a composite prestressed prestressed tendon, consisting of a bundle of individual elements disposed within a tubular enclosure. In the anchoring area, the tubular enclosure consists of an anchor tube. For soft guidance of the individual elements in the region of the spreading, the outer individual elements can be provided with plastic slip tubes.

It is an object of the present invention to optimally accommodate the lateral forces and flexure occurring at the cable strands at the exit of the anchorage without compromising the static and dynamic properties of the anchorage. The cable strand is intended to be supported over the maximum possible length within the device and without forced curvature, as is the case with rigid expanding openings. In addition, the individual cable strands should be deflected only just as far as necessary with transverse load. Another object of the invention is to make the exit plane of the cable strands from the anchor device as free as possible of undercuts and interstices in which condensate and dirt particles can be deposited. This object is achieved according to the invention with a device having the features in claim 1.

In this case, the guide tubes have at least in the region of the outlet opening on a wall portion which is designed so elastic that the guided therein cable strands are deflectable, in particular against a longitudinal center axis of the base tube convergable. As a result, the cable strands are supported individually and independently resiliently against transverse forces before leaving the base tube. The guide tubes preferably consist of a plastic material, for example of a polymer, in particular of an elastomeric polymer and / or a thermoplastic polymer. Depending on the cable harness leading to the guide tubes have an elasticity, which allows under load by the cable strands deformation of at least 20% of the wall thickness. The guide tubes can under normal climatic conditions, for example, a hardness of 20 to 70 Shore A have. Depending on these elasticity properties, the guide tubes in the region of the outlet opening advantageously have a wall thickness of 2 mm to 10 mm. The elasticity of the material can approach, for example, the ideal spring, with a linear path / force ratio exists. The material can also have a viscoelastic behavior. A considerable advantage of the individual guide tubes is their redundancy, whereby even if a single tube is damaged, all the other tubes fulfill their function.

The guide tube is designed so that it reliably supports each cable strand for all permissible deflections, with the deflection curvature being reduced to a minimum. In addition, the flexible guide tube supports each cable strand even with non-constant deflections in any position. As a result of the flexibly applied to the cable strand guide tube each cable strand is sealed in the direction against the anchor body, so that neither dirt nor condensate can penetrate.

The elastic wall portion may have a length of at least 80mm, preferably at least 140mm. Advantageously, the length is at least twenty times the diameter of a single stranded wire.

It is quite conceivable that the elastic wall section on the guide tubes made of different materials with different elastic properties. For example, it would be possible to counteract the increasing deflection of a cable strand with increasing spring resistance.

The guide tubes may have a hollow cylindrical inner wall which as exactly as possible the outer diameter of a rope strand is adjusted. In contrast, the guide tubes may at least partially have a structured outer wall. It has proven to be advantageous in this case a wavy outer wall in the longitudinal direction. This ensures a good anchoring of the guide tubes in the filling material, which surrounds the pipes in the installed state. The wave-shaped outer structure also facilitates the bending of the guide tubes during installation.

Further advantages can be achieved if each guide tube consists of several assembled or otherwise assembled individual sections. In this way, also in relation to the total length of the guide tubes different properties can be achieved.

In addition, it is necessary that in the base tube at a distance from the anchor body at least one apertured guide disc is held and that the guide tubes extend through these openings. The guide disc specifies the course of the guide tubes before pouring a filling material.

In the base tube between the anchor body and the guide disc, at least one additional additional disc provided with openings can be held. This serves to further support the guide tubes and / or the limitation of poured filler.

The anchor body may have a male thread on a known per se, on which a nut is screwed to bear against a building. Alternatively, the anchor body for attachment to a building also integrally with a contact surface, for example on a be formed circumferential collar. The formation of the anchor body depends on the individual purpose of use. The training with a ring or eyelet for fixing to a building with a cross pin is possible.

Further advantages can be achieved if the guide tubes converge between the anchor body and the guide disc and helically wound around the longitudinal central axis. Thus, the cable strands can be optimally assembled into a compact rope bundle. The openings in the guide disk and possibly in the additional disk can already be aligned with the helical course of the pipes. In this way, the maximum curvature at the outlet opening of the base tube can be reduced, so that the individual cable strands between the anchor body and the final bundling continuously and increasingly converge.

According to the invention, the centers of at least the outermost openings in the anchor body relative to the longitudinal central axis are arranged on a regular hexagon. The further inward openings can also be arranged on a regular hexagon with smaller side lengths, so that the overall result is a hexagonal pattern whose center coincides with the longitudinal central axis. With such a pattern, an optimum and even spacing between the cable strands is achieved to wedge the ends of the cable strands. On the other hand, the distance between the centers of the openings on the guide disk is made smaller than the distance between the centers of the openings on the anchor body, at least the centers of all the outer openings approaching a common circular line. Also further inward openings can be arranged on an approximate circular line so that overall a pattern of concentric circles or approximate circles results. With this arrangement, the overall length of the anchor device can be kept relatively short, while still allowing optimal vibrations and deflections of the individual cable strands.

In a device according to the invention, the intermediate spaces between the guide tubes in the base tube are advantageously at least partially filled with a preferably dimensionally stable filling material. The filling material may be, for example, a ceramic material or also a plastic material, such as e.g. to trade epoxy mortar.

Preferably, the spaces between the guide tubes are filled in such a way that the filling material, the end of the base tube and the ends of the guide tubes lie flush on a common termination plane. Thus, an accumulation of dirt or condensate can be prevented in an optimal way.

In an overall arrangement with a device according to the invention and rope strands anchored therein, it is expedient if a deflection means is arranged at a distance from the outlet opening, at which the cable strands are combined to form a compact rope bundle. This deflection means may be arranged quite close to the outlet opening due to the above-described guidance of the individual cable strands.

Figur 1:

einen Längsschnitt durch eine erfindungsgemässe Vorrichtung im eingebauten Zustand mit zwei Varianten eines Ankerkörpers,

Figur 2:

das Muster der Öffnungen im Ankerkörper in der Ebene A-A,

Figur 3:

das Muster der Öffnungen in der Führungsscheibe in der Ebene B-B,

Figur 4:

das Muster des Seilbündels in der Ebene C-C, und

Figur 5:

eine Detaildarstellung eines elastischen Führungsrohres.

Further advantages and individual features of the invention will become apparent from the following description of exemplary embodiments and from the drawings. Show it:

FIG. 1:

a longitudinal section through an inventive device in the installed state with two variants of an anchor body,

FIG. 2:

the pattern of the openings in the anchor body in the plane AA,

FIG. 3:

the pattern of the openings in the guide disc in the plane BB,

FIG. 4:

the pattern of the rope bundle in the plane CC, and

FIG. 5:

a detailed view of an elastic guide tube.

As in FIG. 1 shown, the individual cable strands of a rope bundle 2 are fanned out and guided to an anchor body 3. For the sake of clarity, only the cable strands 1, 1 'and 1 "are shown, and the anchor body 3 is penetrated by openings 4 into which the ends of the cable strands are inserted and anchored there by means of wedge-like anchoring means 5. The lower half of the picture shows an anchor body with an external thread 17, on which a nut 18 is screwed on, which is intended for abutment against a building 19. With the help of the nut, it is evident that the relative position of the anchor body 3 to the building can be adjusted within a certain length an alternative anchor body 3 is shown, which is integrally provided with a circumferential collar 20, which in turn rests against the building 19.

On the anchor body 3, a base tube 6 is fixed, the total length of the number and configuration of the cable strands dependent is. The base tube may be bolted or welded to the anchor body. An indirect attachment via an intermediate member would be conceivable. The base tube 6 has an outlet opening 7, which preferably lies on a plane at right angles to the longitudinal central axis 12 of the base tube.

At a certain distance from the anchor body 3, a guide plate 8 with openings 9 is arranged in the base tube 6. The individual cable strands are guided within the base tube 6 in guide tubes 10, which extend from the anchor body 3 through the guide plate 8 to the outlet opening 7. Preferably, each guide tube is divided into a plurality of individual sections 15, which are plugged together.

In addition to the guide plate 8, an additional disc 16 is arranged at a distance to this, which is also provided with openings 27. The basic pattern of these openings may for example be the same as that of the openings 4 in the anchor body 3, so that the cable strands or the guide tubes extend parallel to the additional disc 16. Alternatively, however, the cable strands can also converge slightly even up to the additional disk 16.

At the outermost rope strands results at least from the additional disc 16 to the outlet opening 7 a maximum deflection angle α. The cable strand 1 'extending on the longitudinal central axis 12 is evidently not deflected in the neutral position.

At least in the region of the outlet opening 7 and preferably also in the region of the guide disk 8, the guide tubes 10 have an elastic wall section 11. The spaces between the guide tubes 10 in the base tube 6 are provided with a Filled filling material 22, wherein in the present embodiment, a drainage channel 25 remains free, which penetrates both the filler material and the base tube. The armature body 3 facing individual sections 15 of the guide tubes must not be elastic in their wall thickness. These sections can be inserted, for example, in the enlarged openings 4 in the anchor body 3. In the region of the outlet opening 7, the base tube 6, the filling material 22 and the ends of the elastic wall sections 11 form a common termination plane 26. The individual cable strands or strands can be sealed from the drainage channel 25 against the anchor body 3, for example by means of O-rings within the guide tubes ,

The arrangement of the openings 4 in the anchor body 3 and that of the openings 9 in the guide disc 8 are in the FIGS. 2 and 3 shown. Evidently, this arrangement also corresponds to the position of the cable strands guided therein. How out FIG. 2 It can be seen that the outermost openings 12 and their centers, relative to the longitudinal center axis 12, lie on a regular hexagon 21. The openings lying further in the illustration are also arranged hexagonally, so that a distance d 1 results between the individual centers of the openings.

In contrast, according to FIG. 3 the distance d2 between the centers of the openings 9 in the guide disc 8 already reduced. At least all outer openings or their centers are already approximated to a common circular line. Evidently, the individual cable strands or their guide tubes already converge between the anchor body 3 and the outlet opening 7, namely from a hexagonal basic pattern to an approximately circular basic pattern.

The cable strands emerging from the outlet opening 7 are combined at a certain distance by a deflection means 23 for the actual cable bundle 2, which is guided in a cladding tube 24. This results in the FIG. 4 illustrated arrangement of the cable strands, which bear compact and on a circular pattern to each other.

From the detailed representation according to FIG. 5 it can be seen that the guide tube 10 has a hollow cylindrical inner wall 13 and an at least partially corrugated outer wall 14. The last section of the elastic wall section 11 is also cylindrical on the outside. This results in a continuous wall thickness w of the elastic wall section 11 over a certain length. Since the elastic wall section 11 is embedded in the relatively rigid filling material 22 when installed, the inner wall 13 is pressed against the outer wall 14 during a deflection of the corresponding cable strand. Of course, depending on the application, other cross-sectional configurations for the elastic wall portion 11 are conceivable.

The length L of the elastic wall portion 11 corresponds in the embodiment of the overall length of a single pipe section. For connection to an upstream portion a plug-in shaft 28 is provided with a reduced diameter. In this way, for example, three different individual sections may be plugged together within a base tube 6. Related to FIG. 1 it may in each case be a first section 15, which is inserted directly into the anchor body 3 and has no support function for a single strand of rope. A middle pipe section 15 extends to the drainage channel 25 and already has a relatively stiff support of the cable strand. The last elastic Pipe section with flexible support of the cable strand extends from the drainage channel 25 to the final level 26th

Evidently, the individual guide tubes also have the advantage that regardless of the total diameter of the base tube 6 or regardless of the number of guided therein cable strands always the same guide tubes can be used. The total cost of different dimensions of anchoring devices are reduced considerably.

Claims (16)

1. Apparatus for anchoring a plurality of cable strands (1, 1', 1") of a cable bundle (2), having an anchor body (3), which has openings (4) passing through it for the purpose of accommodating each individual cable strand, wherein the cable strands can be anchored by anchoring means (5), and having a holder tube (6), which is connected to the anchor body and has an exit opening (7), wherein guide tubes (10) extend between the openings (4) of the anchor body (3) and the exit opening, it being possible for a respective cable strand to be guided in said guide tubes, and wherein the guide tubes (10), at least in the region of the exit opening (7), have a wall portion (11) which is designed to be of such an elastic nature that the cable strands guided therein can be deflected, in particular can be made to converge towards a longitudinal centre axis (12) of the holder tube (6), characterized in that the centres of at least those openings (4) in the anchor body (3) which are outermost, as seen in relation to the longitudinal centre axis, are arranged on a regular hexagon,
   in that at least one guide disc (8) provided with openings (9) is retained in the holder tube (6), at a distance from the anchor body (3), wherein the guide tubes (10) extend through said openings, and in that the distance (d2) between the centres of the openings (9) in the guide disc (8) is smaller than the distance (d1) between the centres of the openings (4) on the anchor body (3), wherein at least the centres of all the outer openings approximate a common circular line,
   such that the individual cable strands or the guide tubes thereof converge, between the anchor body (3) and the exit opening (7), from a hexagonal basic pattern to a more or less circular basic pattern.
2. Apparatus according to Claim 1, characterized in that the guide tubes consist of a plastics material, in particular of a polymer, in particular of an elastomeric polymer and/or a thermoplastic polymer.
3. Apparatus according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the guide tubes, in the region of the exit opening (7), have a wall thickness of 2 mm to 10 mm.
4. Apparatus according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the guide tubes have an elasticity which, when subjected to loading by the cable strands, allows deformation of at least 20% of the wall thickness.
5. Apparatus according to one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the elastic wall portion (11) has a length of at least 80 mm, preferably at least 140 mm.
6. Apparatus according to one of Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the guide tubes have a hollow-cylindrical inner wall (13).
7. Apparatus according to one of Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the guide tubes, at least in part, have a structured outer wall (14), in particular a longitudinally corrugated outer wall.
8. Apparatus according to one of Claims 1 to 7, characterized in that each guide tube comprises a plurality of plugged-together individual portions (15).
9. Apparatus according to one of Claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the holder tube (6) has retained in it, between the anchor body (3) and the guide disc (8), at least one further, additional disc (16) provided with openings (27).
10. Apparatus according to one of Claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the anchor body (3) has an external thread (17), on which is screwed a nut (18) for butting against a structure (19).
11. Apparatus according to one of Claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the anchor body (3), for butting against a structure (19), is formed integrally with an abutment surface.
12. Apparatus according to one of Claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the guide tubes (10) converge, and are twisted helically about the longitudinal centre axis (12), between the anchor body (3) and the guide disc (8).
13. Apparatus according to one of Claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the interspaces between the guide tubes (10) in the holder tube (6) are filled, at least in part, with a preferably inherently stable filling material (22).
14. Apparatus according to Claim 13, characterized in that the interspaces are filled such that the filling material, the end of the holder tube (6) and the ends of the guide tubes (10) are situated flush on a common termination plane.
15. Arrangement for anchoring a cable bundle (2), having an apparatus according to one of Claims 1 to 14 and having a plurality of cable strands (1, 1', 1"), of which the ends are anchored in the anchor body (3).
16. Arrangement according to Claim 15, characterized in that a deflecting means (23), at which the cable strands (1, 1', 1") are combined to form a compact cable bundle (2), is arranged at a distance from the exit opening (7).

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