EP2646670B1 - Procédé de codage réversible antimanipulation d'un appareil de commande de moteur pour un véhicule automobile et appareil de commande de moteur approprié - Google Patents

Procédé de codage réversible antimanipulation d'un appareil de commande de moteur pour un véhicule automobile et appareil de commande de moteur approprié Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2646670B1
EP2646670B1 EP20110776376 EP11776376A EP2646670B1 EP 2646670 B1 EP2646670 B1 EP 2646670B1 EP 20110776376 EP20110776376 EP 20110776376 EP 11776376 A EP11776376 A EP 11776376A EP 2646670 B1 EP2646670 B1 EP 2646670B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
operating characteristics
motor vehicle
engine controller
control unit
engine control
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP20110776376
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP2646670A1 (fr
Inventor
Jörg HERZ
Richard Brecht
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Audi AG
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Audi AG
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Publication of EP2646670A1 publication Critical patent/EP2646670A1/fr
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D28/00—Programme-control of engines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/24—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents characterised by the use of digital means
    • F02D41/2406—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents characterised by the use of digital means using essentially read only memories
    • F02D41/2425—Particular ways of programming the data
    • F02D41/2487—Methods for rewriting
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/24—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents characterised by the use of digital means
    • F02D41/26—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents characterised by the use of digital means using computer, e.g. microprocessor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/24—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents characterised by the use of digital means
    • F02D41/2406—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents characterised by the use of digital means using essentially read only memories
    • F02D41/2425—Particular ways of programming the data
    • F02D41/2487—Methods for rewriting
    • F02D41/249—Methods for preventing the loss of data

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for reversible, tamper-proof coding of an engine control unit for a motor vehicle and to an engine control unit for use in such a method.
  • Motor control devices for motor vehicles are now well known and designed for the control, regulation and monitoring of engine functions.
  • engine control units it is known to also provide software and / or electronics for different such operating characteristics in the case of changeable properties of a motor vehicle.
  • the setting of the engine control unit to such operating characteristics of a motor vehicle is also called coding.
  • transcoding is consequently possible.
  • first operating characteristics there are operating characteristics of a motor vehicle which may not be accessible to such a transcoding for a variety of reasons, so that control units specifically designed and developed for these operating characteristics, hereinafter referred to as first operating characteristics.
  • the exhaust treatment of the motor vehicle may not be recoded after a transcoding would activate other error logs or displays that would allow, for example, a manipulation during an inspection. Consequently, there are some legal regulations that do not allow a transcoding of an engine control unit with respect to first operating characteristics. For example, in Germany there are regulations for the performance, the exhaust gas treatment or the activation / deactivation of a start-stop functionality.
  • engine control units are specifically designed for these first operating characteristics out, not only increases the number of software and hardware variants to meet the most diverse requirements, but it also generates a variety of engine control unit variants, which involves a logistical effort and negatively affects the manageability and the discriminating power of the various engine control unit variants.
  • the essential factors for the high number of engine control unit variants are, for example, different performance variants, different transmission variants, different exhaust treatment variants, start-stop functionality or no start-stop functionality and different maximum speeds. There are therefore high costs due to the creation and maintenance of the respective engine control unit variants in the development, high logistical effort in production and high logistical effort in customer service. Even with the final installation and configuration of the engine control units on a motor vehicle, the different variants must be tapped.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object to provide a way to be able to cover different first operating characteristics with a single engine control unit.
  • a method for reversible, tamper-proof coding of an engine control unit for a motor vehicle which is designed for use in motor vehicles with different operating characteristics, provided according to the invention, wherein at least a first operating characteristic is set unchangeable for a motor vehicle, in which method during commissioning the control device, the first operating characteristic during and / or after an authentication process in the engine control unit is stored such that it is changeable only during and / or after a further authentication process.
  • an engine control unit which can summarize at least part of the engine control unit variants known in the prior art, and thus can be used for a plurality of values of first operating characteristics.
  • these first operating characteristics which must be unchangeable for a particular motor vehicle, either to avoid manipulation and / or due to a corresponding legal regulation, at the time of commissioning of the control device to encode such in the engine control unit, that they are stored immutable and thus tamper-proof for the life of the engine control unit in a particular motor vehicle.
  • the storage is possible only during and / or after, in particular immediately after, an authentication process, which is therefore carried out as part of the commissioning of the engine control unit.
  • an authentication process which is therefore carried out as part of the commissioning of the engine control unit.
  • a particular advantage of the method according to the invention results from the fact that an authentication process used during the commissioning is used, because this makes it possible, in particular, to change the first operating characteristics in a further such authentication process, so that, for example, a used one Engine control unit can be used in another and / or significantly modified motor vehicle.
  • the process occurring in the context of the present invention can therefore be referred to as "reversible single-use coding".
  • This reversible one-time coding provides the possibility in an engine control unit of storing essential factors or operating characteristics, for example with regard to power, exhaust-gas treatment and start-stop, in a tamper-proof and codable manner in the engine control unit. This makes it possible in the future to combine in a single engine control unit several variants with respect to the first operating characteristics, whereby the number of engine control unit variants is significantly reduced, so that consequently costs and logistical effort can be saved.
  • the performance of the motor vehicle and / or the exhaust gas treatment of the motor vehicle and / or the activation or deactivation of a start-stop operation can be used as a first operating characteristic.
  • first operating characteristics are conceivable that is to be stored immutable and thus tamper-proof for a motor vehicle in the engine control unit.
  • the engine control unit can continue to be designed as usual for different values not the first operating characteristics of corresponding second operating characteristics, but which can be set via a conventional coding.
  • At least part of the first operating characteristics can be stored in a memory element of the control device, in particular an EEPROM.
  • An EEPROM proves to be particularly suitable, since it is known to be an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory, English “electrically erasable programmable read-only memory”. So the coding can be safely obtained.
  • a disable bit inhibiting write access to the memory locations of the first operating characteristics may be set.
  • the lock bit thus ultimately corresponds to a kind of "status flag", via which the memory locations are "frozen” so to speak, so that they remain unchangeable and thus tamper-proof until a further startup procedure.
  • a release of the lock bit is therefore conceivable only in a further startup of the engine control unit, so that it can be provided that in the context and / or immediately after completion of the authentication process, a lock bit is released, so that the storing at least the part of the first operating characteristics after the authentication process he follows. It should be noted at this point that, of course, when commissioning, it may also be envisaged to delete a previously possibly existing code of the engine control unit, so that in addition to the lock bit also the memory locations, in particular with respect to the first operating characteristics, but also optionally with respect to further, second Operating characteristics, be emptied again.
  • the part of the first operating characteristics is stored during the first evaluation of a coding word that in particular also defines the second operating characteristics that do not correspond to the first operating characteristics.
  • coded words are known in principle and contain in a compact form, for example as a 10-bit coded word, values of the operating characteristics to be set.
  • the coding word now also contains the first operating characteristics, which can be set in the first evaluation of such a codeword in the engine control unit.
  • the first operating characteristics contained in the codeword can be used, for example, for a consistency check or the like.
  • the authentication takes place within the scope of a teaching process.
  • learning the engine control unit in a new motor vehicle in the commissioning usually a variety of data are encrypted transmitted to the engine control unit, such training operations then also include an authentication process, which is "shared" with particular advantage in the inventive method to the authentication for the adjustment of the first operating characteristics.
  • an authentication process which is "shared" with particular advantage in the inventive method to the authentication for the adjustment of the first operating characteristics.
  • the configuration of an immobilizer with the involvement of multiple controllers can be used.
  • Immobilizers are well known in the art. With regard to this, it has been proposed to distribute the necessary information among several control devices in order to make manipulation more difficult.
  • a checksum can be formed or the like.
  • the immobilizer is not in order, any injection process is locked in the vehicle. Only when the immobilizer has been correctly configured, if not all first operating characteristics are already set during the immobilizer configuration, for example, the lock bit can be released and then storing at least the portion of the first operating characteristics in the memory element, whereupon the lock bit again is set.
  • At least one operating characteristic in particular the power of the motor vehicle, is stored during the configuration of the immobilizer.
  • all the first operating characteristics can already be set during the configuration of the immobilizer, which is already encrypted and is to be considered an authentication process, but it is often already provided that the power of the motor vehicle is transmitted in the form of a performance class in the context of the immobilizer configuration. Accordingly, it is useful to make at least this setting already during the configuration of the immobilizer.
  • the present invention also relates to an engine control unit for use in motor vehicles having different operating characteristics, wherein at least one first operating characteristic is immutable fixable for a motor vehicle, which in particular for carrying out a method according to one of the preceding claims in the context of a communication with a particular computer external computing device , in particular a tester is formed.
  • An engine control unit according to the invention thus contains not only the contents, ie software and / or hardware with respect to exactly one value of a first operating characteristic, but the contents for several values of the first operating characteristics, for example for several power classes, for activation and deactivation of the start-stop Operation and / or for several exhaust treatment variants.
  • control device is designed so that after determining the first operating characteristics during the Startup of the engine control unit for a particular motor vehicle during the life of the engine control unit in this motor vehicle no manipulation of the first operating characteristics is no longer possible; the engine control unit according to the invention thus contains the software and / or hardware components necessary for carrying out the method according to the invention, the reversible one-time coding.
  • an EEPROM is provided for the storage of at least part of the first operating characteristics which is immutable for a motor vehicle.
  • the engine control unit can thus proceed as follows, for example. If it is a brand-new engine control unit, this is installed without registered codeword in the EEPROM in the vehicle and then trained on the configuration of the immobilizer in the vehicle. It is already possible to set a performance class as the first operating characteristic. Subsequently, the engine control unit is coded by, for example, via the external communication device or via another communication link, such as an Internet connection, the coding word is received. After appropriate coding of the engine control unit, the memory locations of the coding word designated as reversibly codable are frozen in the EEPROM, which means that, for example, a blocking bit is set for the memory locations containing the first operating characteristics. These memory locations / coding cells can no longer be transcoded without an immobilizer learning / learning process, while the remaining second operating characteristics corresponding to memory locations corresponding to other parts of the codeword can be recoded as often as desired.
  • the engine control unit In a used engine control unit, the engine control unit is already taught, coded and thus has already "locked" memory locations in the EEPROM, for example, a setting for exhaust treatment to EU5 and activated start-stop operation.
  • the engine control unit is now in another motor vehicle, which, for example, an exhaust treatment after EU2 and no start-stop operation, installed. Consequently, the engine control unit in the current state can not be operated in this motor vehicle, so that it is now trained on the configuration of the immobilizer to the new motor vehicle, the lock bit is released and, if necessary, the entire codeword is deleted in the EEPROM again.
  • the power class of the new motor vehicle can already be set.
  • the engine control unit is coded again by the coding word is received and stored in the EEPROM, which are identified as reversibly coded memory locations of the codeword in the EEPROM in turn frozen by setting the lock bit.
  • the EEPROM which are identified as reversibly coded memory locations of the codeword in the EEPROM in turn frozen by setting the lock bit.
  • Fig. 1 shows a schematic diagram of an engine control unit according to the invention 1.
  • the engine control unit 1 contains in particular, as in Fig. 1 indicated, several components 2 for different power classes, components 3 for operation with start-stop functionality and without start-stop functionality and components 4 for different types of exhaust treatment.
  • the power class, the type of exhaust treatment and the activation or deactivation of the start-stop operation are first operating characteristics, which are characterized by the fact that they must be determined for a particular motor vehicle, that is to be unchangeable and tamper-proof.
  • the engine control unit 1 also contains a plurality of components for different further, second operating characteristics which are to be variable during the service life of the engine control unit within a specific motor vehicle, that is, be re-coded.
  • the engine control unit 1 comprises the necessary components 5, again software and / or hardware components, in order to be able to carry out the method according to the invention, which permits reversible one-time coding with regard to the first operating characteristics.
  • the engine control unit 1 For storing at least part of the first operating characteristics and the second operating characteristics, which are provided to the engine control unit 1, for example by a tester, as an encoding word, the engine control unit 1 contains an EEPROM 6.
  • the engine control unit 1 as still uncoded engine control unit 1 or used engine control unit 1, as in Fig. 2 shown installed in a specific motor vehicle 7, during and / or after an authentication process within the commissioning of the engine control unit 1, the first operating characteristics set and stored immutable, so tamper-proof, for this motor vehicle 7.
  • the engine control unit 1 communicates with, for example, an external computing device 8, for example a tester.
  • Fig. 3 now shows the flowchart of an embodiment of the method according to the invention.
  • a step 9 the communication link between the engine control unit 1 and the external computing device 8 is constructed, so that, for example, data about the motor vehicle 7 can be retrieved from a database.
  • Umlernvorgangs 10 of which only the relevant steps for the inventive method are shown, is now inter alia also the configuration of an immobilizer. In the present case, this is designed such that it distributes its data to a plurality of control devices, including the engine control unit 1.
  • information about the power class of the motor vehicle 7 is obtained from the database, step 11.
  • a step 12 is now checked whether the corresponding components 2 are included for this class in the engine control unit 1 and the engine control unit 1 is set to the appropriate power class.
  • this setting can only take place in the context of this learning process, specifically the configuration of the immobilizer, which is encrypted and requires or represents an authentication process. Consequently, a change in the setting of the power class as a first operating characteristic is always possible only within the scope of a startup or learning of the engine control unit 1, a transcoding at a later date, thus a manipulation is not feasible.
  • a step 13 it is checked whether the immobilizer has been configured correctly, and incidentally, whether the power class has been set correctly after it forms part of the distributed immobilizer information in the present embodiment, in whose manipulation an inconsistency is detected.
  • step 15 a lock bit in the EEPROM 6 is set to the value "released", so that also other first operating characteristics, here the activation / deactivation of the start-stop operation and the exhaust gas treatment, associated memory locations can be described in EEPROM 6.
  • the memory locations assigned to the entire coding word are deleted in the EEPROM 6.
  • a standard coding process takes place in a step 16, for which purpose the coder 17 is transmitted to the engine control unit 1, which in a compact form contains the values of all operating characteristics or of all operating characteristics except the power class.
  • the coding word 17 is now evaluated in order to describe corresponding memory locations in EEPROM 6, wherein, since the lock bit is released, the memory locations assigned to the first operating characteristics exhaust gas treatment and start-stop operation can also be described in step 16. However, the memory locations for second operating characteristics, which are to be transcoded later in the course, are already set in step 16.
  • the lock bit is set to "lock" again, so that only the memory locations of the EEPROM 6 assigned to the second operating characteristics can be changed if a later recoding takes place.
  • the first operating characteristics are unchangeable during the entire life of the engine control unit 1 in the motor vehicle 7, thus tamper-proof, since the lock would be canceled by the lock bit only if a new learning process, specifically the safe configuration of the immobilizer, would take place.
  • a transcoding of second operating characteristics is conceivable without difficulty in a further standard encoding step 16, in which case a corresponding coding word 17 is evaluated again.
  • the first operating characteristics can not be implemented.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Combined Controls Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
  • Control Of Vehicle Engines Or Engines For Specific Uses (AREA)

Claims (11)

  1. Procédé de codage réversible anti-manipulation d'un appareil de commande de moteur (1) pour un véhicule automobile (7), qui est conformé pour une utilisation dans des véhicules automobiles (7) ayant différentes propriétés de fonctionnement, dans lequel au moins une première propriété de fonctionnement est établie de manière non modifiable pour un véhicule automobile (7), dans lequel procédé, lors de la mise en service de l'appareil de commande de moteur (1), la première propriété de fonctionnement est mémorisée dans l'appareil de commande de moteur (1) pendant et/ou après une opération d'authentification utilisée dans le cadre de la mise en service de sorte qu'elle puisse être modifiée uniquement pendant et/ou après une autre opération d'authentification.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisé en ce que :
    l'on utilise comme première propriété de fonctionnement la puissance du véhicule automobile (7) et/ou le traitement des gaz brûlés du véhicule automobile (7) et/ou l'activation ou la désactivation d'un mode d'exploitation marche-arrêt.
  3. Procédé selon la revendication 1 ou la
    revendication 2,
    caractérisé en ce que :
    au moins une partie des premières propriétés de fonctionnement est mémorisée dans un élément de mémoire de l'appareil de commande de moteur (1), en particulier une EEPROM (6).
  4. Procédé selon la revendication 3,
    caractérisé en ce que :
    après mémorisation au moins de la partie des premières propriétés de fonctionnement est activé un bit de blocage verrouillant l'accès d'enregistrement aux emplacements de mémoire des premières propriétés de fonctionnement.
  5. Procédé selon la revendication 4,
    caractérisé en ce que :
    le bit de blocage est déverrouillé dans le cadre et/ou directement après clôture de l'opération d'authentification.
  6. Procédé selon la revendication 4 ou la
    revendication 5,
    caractérisé en ce que :
    au moins une partie des premières propriétés de fonctionnement est mémorisée au cours de la première évaluation d'un mot de code (17) définissant également les secondes propriétés de fonctionnement ne correspondant pas aux premières propriétés de fonctionnement.
  7. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé en ce que :
    l'authentification se fait dans le cadre d'une opération de formation (10).
  8. Procédé selon la revendication 7,
    caractérisé en ce que :
    l'on utilise comme opération d'authentification la configuration d'un antivol en faisant participer plusieurs appareils de commande.
  9. Procédé selon la revendication 8,
    caractérisé en ce que :
    l'on mémorise au moins une première propriété de fonctionnement, en particulier la puissance du véhicule automobile (1), au cours de la configuration de l'antivol.
  10. Appareil de commande de moteur (1) pour utilisation dans des véhicules automobiles (7) ayant différentes propriétés de fonctionnement, dans lequel au moins une première propriété de fonctionnement peut être établie de manière non modifiable pour un véhicule automobile (1), conformé pour effectuer un procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes dans le cadre d'une communication avec un appareil de calcul (8) extérieur au véhicule automobile, en particulier un contrôleur.
  11. Appareil de commande de moteur selon la revendication 10,
    caractérisé en ce que :
    il est prévu une mémoire EEPROM (6) pour la mémorisation - non modifiable pour un véhicule automobile (1) - au moins d'une partie des premières propriétés de fonctionnement.
EP20110776376 2010-12-04 2011-10-29 Procédé de codage réversible antimanipulation d'un appareil de commande de moteur pour un véhicule automobile et appareil de commande de moteur approprié Active EP2646670B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102010053488A DE102010053488A1 (de) 2010-12-04 2010-12-04 Verfahren zum reversiblen, manipulationssicheren Codieren eines Motorsteuergeräts für ein Kraftfahrzeug und Motorsteuergerät
PCT/EP2011/005483 WO2012072171A1 (fr) 2010-12-04 2011-10-29 Procédé de codage réversible antimanipulation d'un appareil de commande de moteur pour un véhicule automobile et appareil de commande de moteur approprié

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2646670A1 EP2646670A1 (fr) 2013-10-09
EP2646670B1 true EP2646670B1 (fr) 2015-05-06

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Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US8688361B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP2646670B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN103237977B (fr)
DE (1) DE102010053488A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2012072171A1 (fr)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102010053488A1 (de) 2010-12-04 2012-06-06 Audi Ag Verfahren zum reversiblen, manipulationssicheren Codieren eines Motorsteuergeräts für ein Kraftfahrzeug und Motorsteuergerät
WO2017019655A1 (fr) 2015-07-28 2017-02-02 Crown Equipment Corporation Tables d'entrée et tableau de commande de signaux pour module de commande de véhicule

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DE3802241A1 (de) 1988-01-27 1989-08-10 Opel Adam Ag Elektronisches steuergeraet fuer kraftfahrzeuge
US6850252B1 (en) * 1999-10-05 2005-02-01 Steven M. Hoffberg Intelligent electronic appliance system and method
DE10008974B4 (de) * 2000-02-25 2005-12-29 Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag Signaturverfahren
DE10020977A1 (de) * 2000-04-28 2001-10-31 Witte Velbert Gmbh & Co Kg Elektronische Steuereinrichtung an einem Kraftfahrzeug
DE10118298A1 (de) 2001-04-12 2002-11-07 Conti Temic Microelectronic Diebstahlsicherung für eine in einem Kraftfahrzeug eingebaute, von einem programmierbaren integrierten Schaltkreis gesteuerte elektronische Komponente
US7017162B2 (en) * 2001-07-10 2006-03-21 Microsoft Corporation Application program interface for network software platform
DE10238093B4 (de) * 2002-08-21 2007-10-18 Audi Ag Fahrzeug-Steuergerät
DE10238095B4 (de) * 2002-08-21 2007-08-30 Audi Ag Verfahren zum Schutz vor Manipulationen an einem Steuergerät für mindestens eine Kfz-Komponente und Steuergerät
US7047128B2 (en) * 2002-12-12 2006-05-16 Rtk Technologies Limited Chipped engine control unit system having copy protected and selectable multiple control programs
DE102005039128A1 (de) * 2005-08-18 2007-02-22 Siemens Ag Sicherheitseinrichtung für elektronische Geräte
JP2008291744A (ja) * 2007-05-24 2008-12-04 Toyota Motor Corp 内燃機関の制御装置
PL2191120T3 (pl) * 2007-08-16 2016-09-30 Sposób ustawiania kontrolnych parametrów pokładowego elektronicznego urządzenia sterującego pojazdu samochodowego
US8483392B2 (en) * 2009-09-25 2013-07-09 Apple Inc. Methods and apparatus for compensation for corrupted user identification data in wireless networks
DE102010053488A1 (de) 2010-12-04 2012-06-06 Audi Ag Verfahren zum reversiblen, manipulationssicheren Codieren eines Motorsteuergeräts für ein Kraftfahrzeug und Motorsteuergerät

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US8688361B2 (en) 2014-04-01
CN103237977A (zh) 2013-08-07
CN103237977B (zh) 2016-01-13
WO2012072171A1 (fr) 2012-06-07
US20130253807A1 (en) 2013-09-26
DE102010053488A1 (de) 2012-06-06
EP2646670A1 (fr) 2013-10-09

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