EP2645895A1 - Athletic shoe having cleats - Google Patents

Athletic shoe having cleats

Info

Publication number
EP2645895A1
EP2645895A1 EP11801794.6A EP11801794A EP2645895A1 EP 2645895 A1 EP2645895 A1 EP 2645895A1 EP 11801794 A EP11801794 A EP 11801794A EP 2645895 A1 EP2645895 A1 EP 2645895A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
heel
shoe
sports shoe
cleats
heel cup
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP11801794.6A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2645895B1 (en
Inventor
Jean Luc Guer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to PL11801794T priority Critical patent/PL2645895T3/en
Priority to SI201130460T priority patent/SI2645895T1/en
Publication of EP2645895A1 publication Critical patent/EP2645895A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2645895B1 publication Critical patent/EP2645895B1/en
Priority to HRP20150390TT priority patent/HRP20150390T1/en
Priority to CY20151100341T priority patent/CY1116222T1/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A43—FOOTWEAR
    • A43B—CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
    • A43B5/00—Footwear for sporting purposes
    • A43B5/02—Football boots or shoes, i.e. for soccer, football or rugby
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A43—FOOTWEAR
    • A43B—CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
    • A43B3/00—Footwear characterised by the shape or the use
    • A43B3/24—Collapsible or convertible
    • A43B3/246—Collapsible or convertible characterised by the sole
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A43—FOOTWEAR
    • A43B—CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
    • A43B7/00—Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements
    • A43B7/14—Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements with foot-supporting parts
    • A43B7/1405—Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements with foot-supporting parts with pads or holes on one or more locations, or having an anatomical or curved form
    • A43B7/1415—Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements with foot-supporting parts with pads or holes on one or more locations, or having an anatomical or curved form characterised by the location under the foot
    • A43B7/144—Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements with foot-supporting parts with pads or holes on one or more locations, or having an anatomical or curved form characterised by the location under the foot situated under the heel, i.e. the calcaneus bone
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A43—FOOTWEAR
    • A43B—CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
    • A43B7/00—Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements
    • A43B7/14—Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements with foot-supporting parts
    • A43B7/1405—Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements with foot-supporting parts with pads or holes on one or more locations, or having an anatomical or curved form
    • A43B7/1455—Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements with foot-supporting parts with pads or holes on one or more locations, or having an anatomical or curved form with special properties
    • A43B7/1464—Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements with foot-supporting parts with pads or holes on one or more locations, or having an anatomical or curved form with special properties with adjustable pads to allow custom fit
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A43—FOOTWEAR
    • A43B—CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
    • A43B7/00—Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements
    • A43B7/14—Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements with foot-supporting parts
    • A43B7/1405—Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements with foot-supporting parts with pads or holes on one or more locations, or having an anatomical or curved form
    • A43B7/1475—Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements with foot-supporting parts with pads or holes on one or more locations, or having an anatomical or curved form characterised by the type of support
    • A43B7/148—Recesses or holes filled with supports or pads

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a sports shoe type crampons especially for playing football, rugby, or other.
  • the foot is for the sportsman and especially for the footballer an essential tool in the practice of his sport.
  • Two footballers can be differentiated by the quality of their pass or strike, the technique is likely to take more importance in one than the other.
  • the invention aims to provide a spike-type sports shoe to provide a shoe in line with the various technical, mechanical and anatomical requirements of athletes to reduce the physical fatigue of the athlete, reduce overwork and the risk of acute injury, and thus promote the athlete's performance.
  • the invention proposes a spiked sports shoe comprising a footwear and an outsole, said sole having an anterior portion adapted to receive the forefoot, a central portion adapted to receive the medio-foot and a portion posterior able to receive the heel;
  • said shoe being characterized in that said rear portion of said outsole is constituted by a hollow shell and a heel piece, said heel piece being removably disposed in a housing formed by said hollow shell and in that said rear part has an extra thickness by relative to said front portion, said extra thickness being adjustable by changing the thickness of said removable heel.
  • the user can change the technical characteristics of the shoe by setting up another heel with different mechanical properties, including the cushioning, the absorption of shocks or the restitution of energy.
  • the user can also modulate the elevation of the heel relative to the forefoot.
  • the user therefore has the possibility of optimizing his shoe according to his physical attributes, which considerably reduces the risk of occurrence, in particular at the high level sportsman, of certain insidious and recurrent mechanical pathologies due to current requirements.
  • the shoe according to the invention is thus scalable, perfectible and able to adapt to the various technical, mechanical and anatomical requirements of athletes.
  • said heelette fills the entire heel surface of said shoe.
  • the filling of the entire heel surface with this heel provides a better heel seat as a whole and optimizes the mechanical functions of the foot, which promotes a better static, dynamic and postural balance; unlike a simple isolated element, located only in relation to a portion of the plantar surface of the heel, which would then provide a partial gain of cushioning but which in any case would improve the static, dynamic or postural equilibrium .
  • the cleated sports shoe according to the invention may comprise, in addition to the preferred features mentioned above, one or more of the following characteristics, considered individually or in any technically possible combination:
  • said heel piece is removable from the inside of said footwear
  • said excess thickness is between 1 and 25 mm, preferably between 10 and 15 mm;
  • said shoe comprises means for holding said removable heel in position in said housing;
  • - Said holding means comprise a protuberance in H adapted to cooperate with a complementary shape of the footprint for locking in longitudinal and transverse translation of said heel in said housing;
  • said heelette has a pull to facilitate its extraction of said housing;
  • - Said shell and said heel extends in the central portion of said outsole;
  • said heel is made of a material that is more flexible and more deformable than that constituting said shell;
  • said heel is made from several superposed layers of materials having different mechanical properties
  • said heel has in its width at least two materials with different mechanical properties
  • said heel has an upper face forming a horizontal plane or an inclined plane of angle a;
  • said angled inclined plane forms a so-called transverse slope in the transverse direction of said shoe and / or a so-called longitudinal slope in the longitudinal direction of the boot;
  • said angle a is between 1 and 10 degrees, preferably 4 or 5 degrees;
  • said heel has an upper face having a concavity
  • said hollow shell is obtained in a transparent or translucent material
  • said central portion comprises a curved outer profile
  • the said central portion has a curved inner profile and adapted to match the shape of the arch of the foot.
  • the present invention also relates to a pair of cleated sports shoes characterized in that it comprises two said shoes according to the invention and in that the removable heel of the two said shoes have different characteristics.
  • the present invention also relates to a removable heel having a shape adapted to cooperate in a complementary manner with the hollow housing formed by the hollow shell of a sports shoe cleats according to the invention.
  • FIG. 1 shows a view of the outer side of a sports shoe cleats according to the invention
  • FIG. 2 shows a perspective view and downwardly of the outer sole of the shoe according to the invention, with the heel piece which is out of its housing;
  • FIG. 3 shows a longitudinal sectional view of the outer sole in the configuration of Figure 2 and in the plane A-A of this figure;
  • FIG. 4 shows a longitudinal sectional view of the outer sole, still in the plane A-A but with the heel which is placed in its housing;
  • FIG. 5 shows a perspective view from below the heel of the sole of Figures 2 to 4.
  • FIG. 6 shows a cross-sectional view of the boot according to the invention devoid of his heel in the plane B-B of Figure 2;
  • FIGS. 7a and 7b respectively show a top view and a side view of the removable heel of a shoe according to a second embodiment of the invention
  • FIGS. 8a and 8b respectively show a top view and a side view of the removable heel of a shoe according to a third embodiment of the invention
  • FIG. 9a and 9b respectively show a top view and a side view of the removable heel of a shoe according to a fourth embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 10a and 10b respectively show a top view and a side view of the removable heel of a shoe according to a fifth embodiment of the invention
  • FIG. 1 1 a and 1 1 b respectively show a top view and a side view of an alternative embodiment of the removable heel of a shoe according to the invention
  • FIGS. 12a and 12b respectively show a top view and a side view of an alternative embodiment of the removable heel of a shoe according to the invention.
  • the shoe 10 according to the invention and illustrated in Figure 1, comprises an outer sole 1 extending from the front to the rear of the shoe 10 and secured to a foot 1 1.
  • the footwear 1 1 is able to receive and cover the entire foot.
  • the footwear is made by means of several soft pieces of leather, canvas or indifferently any other synthetic material known to those skilled in the art.
  • the outsole 1 has three distinct parts each fulfilling a role in maintaining and positioning the foot in the shoe:
  • anterior portion 2 A first part 2 located at the front of the shoe for the support of the forefoot, hereinafter referred to as anterior portion 2;
  • a second part 3 located at the rear of the boot allowing the support of the heel hereinafter referred to as the posterior portion 3, and;
  • Each of the parts is defined and sized to form a global plantar profile 15 providing a foot support as enveloping as possible, thus preserving the anatomical and biomechanical balance of the athlete.
  • the outsole 1, shown in Figures 2 to 4 comprises a plurality of studs 5 and 6 which are arranged and distributed respectively on the outer side (ie the side in contact with the ground) of the anterior part 2 and the posterior part 3.
  • a crampon is generally defined as an element, generally a rigid protuberance, lining the sole of certain types of sports shoes in order to ensure better adhesion to the ground, particularly on soft or grassy ground.
  • spike the various elements known to those skilled in the art to ensure better adhesion to the ground, known in particular under various names: bar, lamella, etc..
  • the crampons 5 and 6 are so-called "molded" crampons and are thus integral and formed during the molding of the outsole 1.
  • these crampons may be screwed studs of plastic or metal by ad hoc fixing means.
  • the crampons 5 and 6 are indifferently spikes conical, cylindrical, lamellar or any other form to ensure adhesion to the ground.
  • the front portion 2 extends from the front of the shoe to the straight line L1 shown in dashed lines in FIGS. 1 to 4, corresponding substantially to the position of the crampons 5b (the previous crampons located most in back).
  • the rear portion 3 extends from the line L2 shown in dashed lines on these same figures 1 to 4, corresponding substantially to the position of the crampons 6a (the rear studs located furthest forward of the boot).
  • the central portion 8 is the portion extending between the anterior portion 2 and the posterior portion 3, that is to say between the lines L1 and L2.
  • the front portion 2 has a small thickness of a few millimeters (preferably less than 5 mm), substantially constant except at its periphery 2a ( Figures 3 and 4) which is slightly elevated to be fixed to the foot 1 1 by ad hoc fixing means such as gluing or overmolding.
  • This anterior part 2 makes it possible to support the forefoot, and more specifically the anterior transverse vault as well as the anterior supports essentially formed by the heads of the first metatarsal and the fifth metatarsal.
  • the rear portion 3 of the outsole 1 is constituted by a rigid outer shell and hollow 4 forming a housing 32, and a heel 33 removably disposed within this housing 32 ( Figures 2 to 4).
  • the shell 4 and the heel 33 extend slightly in the central portion 8.
  • the rear portion 3 comprises the respective main portions 4a and 33a of the shell 4 and the heel 33, while the central portion 8 has their extensions 4b and 33b.
  • the shell 4 is formed by a bottom wall 41 and a peripheral side wall 40 extending vertically from the bottom wall 41 ( Figures 2 and 3).
  • the walls 40 and 41 of the shell 4 delimit the housing 32 whose cross section, along the sectional plane B-B of Figure 2, is substantially U-shaped (Figure 6).
  • the bottom wall 41 has:
  • the arms 45a and the bar 45b have a width of about 10 mm and a thickness of about 1.5 mm.
  • This bottom wall 41 has a thickness substantially constant and equal to that of the front portion 2 of the sole 1 except at its protuberance 45.
  • the peripheral side wall 40 also has along its lower portion 40a, a constant thickness of between 1 and 5 mm.
  • the upper portion 40b of the peripheral side wall 40 tapers gradually toward its free end, its inner face having a concave profile matching the shape of the footwear January 1 which this upper portion 40b is fixed by ad hoc fixing means such as the bonding or overmolding ( Figure 6).
  • the bottom wall 41 is flat (except at the protuberance 45) while the lower portion 40a has a constant height. between 1 and 25 mm, and preferably between 10 and 15 mm.
  • the bottom wall 41 adopts a curved bevelled profile while the lower portion 40a sees its height gradually decrease towards the before following this profile ( Figures 1 and 4).
  • the upper portion 40b has a constant height in the whole of the shell 4, determined according to the desired rigidity for the rear of the boot 1, this rigidity being more important than the fixing area between the shell 4 and the footwear 1 1 is large.
  • the extension portion 4b thus ensures a smooth transition between the rear and central portions 8 8 of the outer sole 1. This portion 4b also allows to maintain and strengthen the rear area of the central portion 8 by providing a wrapped and additional support at the midfoot.
  • the shell 4 and the heel 33 extend over the entire central portion 8 or on the contrary, are circumscribed to the rear portion 3.
  • the shell 4 is molded in one piece with the anterior parts 2 and central 8 of the outer sole 1, in a plastic material, preferably of the thermoplastic or thermosetting type, possibly reinforced by nylon, glass or other type of fibers.
  • the shell 4 is a rigid shell that is not deformable under the weight of the athlete.
  • the heel 33 has a shape complementary to the housing 32 allowing it to perfectly fit the internal faces of the side walls 40 and bottom 41 of the shell 4.
  • the heel 33 includes in particular on its underside 34, an H-shaped recess 35 adapted to receive the protuberance 45 that includes the inner face 41 of the shell 4 ( Figure 5).
  • the upper face 36 (here substantially flat) of the heel 33 is the inner surface profile (ie: the inner plantar surface) on which comes to rest the heel.
  • the heel 33 has a minimum base thickness providing the posterior elevation of the heel and the shoe. This thickness is substantially equal to the height of the lower portion 40a of the peripheral side wall 40 of the shell 4. This thickness of the heel 33 is thus generally constant in its main portion 33a (portion contained in the rear portion 3 of the outer sole 1) and then gradually decreases forward in its extension portion 33b (portion contained in the central portion 8 of the outsole 1) according to a substantially concave bevelled profile (Figure 4).
  • this heel 33 thus fills the hollow housing 32 to the demarcation between the lower portions 40a and 40b of the upper side wall 40 ( Figure 6), which allows to to rebalance the possible problems of inequalities of length of the lower limbs, without modifying the volume of the footwear at the level of the heel, nor to disturb the height of interlocking of the heel in the shoe.
  • the heel 33 according to the invention makes it possible to fill the entire heel seat and not just an isolated zone located opposite the plantar face of the heel.
  • the heel 33 may have a thickness difference of +/- 4 mm with the height of the lower portion 40a of the peripheral side wall 40.
  • FIGS. 7a, 7b, 8a, 8b, 9a, 9b, 10a and 10b illustrate other embodiments of the invention in which the removable heel piece has a different configuration.
  • the heel has a minimum base thickness providing a posterior elevation of the heel.
  • this elementary thickness makes it possible to optimize the beneficial effects peculiar to each of the embodiments presented.
  • the upper face 136 of the heel piece 133 forms an inclined plane of angle ⁇ whose slope is oriented from the external side towards the inner side of the sole (transverse slope of the heel piece).
  • the angle a is between 1 and 10 degrees, for example 4 or 5 degrees. This embodiment particular allows rebalancing of the heel by pronation of the hind foot, which provides a better static, dynamic and postural equilibrium for a user having for example a foot varus or a genu varum.
  • the upper face 236 of the heel 233 forms an inclined plane of angle ⁇ whose slope is oriented from the internal side towards the outer side of the sole (transverse slope of the heel piece ).
  • the angle a is between 1 and 10 degrees, for example 4 or 5 degrees.
  • the upper face 336 of the heel 333 forms an inclined plane of angle ⁇ whose slope is oriented from the rear towards the front of the sole (longitudinal slope of the heel).
  • the angle a is between 1 and 10 degrees, for example 4 or 5 degrees. This particular embodiment allows plantar flexion of the rear foot, which provides a better static, dynamic and postural equilibrium for a user having for example a genu recurvatum.
  • the upper face 436 of the heel 433 has a concavity that recedes over its entire surface and whose main axis is located in the median plane of this heel.
  • the radius of curvature of the concavity is between 50 and 150 mm, for example 75 mm.
  • the main axis of the concavity can be positioned between the inner third and the outer third of the width of the heel.
  • These embodiments can improve the stability of the heel by an active support of the hind foot internally (or externally), which provides a better static, dynamic and postural equilibrium for a user having for example a lateral instability internal (or external) dominant of the ankle after sprain of the internal (or external) lateral ligament.
  • the heel 33, 133, 233, 333, 433 can be obtained in a polymeric material, or other, chosen for its mechanical properties in order to provide an additional characteristic to the sports shoe.
  • the heel 33, 133, 233, 333, 433 may be made of a slightly flexible and deformable material, such as a reticulated foam, so as to provide a cushioning function to the shoe.
  • It may further comprise bubbles, cells or even tubular recesses and / or springs to improve the functions of cushioning, anti-vibration, and / or return.
  • the heel may also comprise on its upper surface 36, 136, 236, 336, 436 a plurality of pins or various reliefs studied according to the proprioceptive interest sought.
  • the presence of pimples makes it possible, for example, to stimulate the plantar receptors in order to awaken the proprioceptive balance of the hindfoot, and thus to encourage the work of the lateral stabilizers of the ankle for a user presenting, for example, repetitive sprains. .
  • the heel 33, 133, 233, 333, 433 may also comprise several different materials.
  • It may in particular be formed by a plurality of superimposed layers of materials having different mechanical properties (qualities of cushioning, stability, absorption of shock waves, or absorption of vibrations generating various mechanical pathologies).
  • the materials constituting the heel can also be arranged differently, as illustrated for example in Figures 11a, 11b, 12a and 12b.
  • the first material C extends from the inner side of the heel 533 to the demarcation with the second material D which extends to the side external of this heel 533.
  • the demarcation between the two materials C and D is located in the zone between the inner third and the outer third of the width of the sole, for example at the median plane.
  • This particular arrangement makes it possible to obtain different densities between the inner and outer sides (transverse direction) of the heel piece in order to improve the functional comfort of the heel inside or outside, which provides a better distribution of the stresses on the back. both statically and dynamically for a user presenting, for example, sub-heel cutaneous (plantar) or fascial (calcaneal spine) pain.
  • the first heel ring material C extends on the periphery of the heel 633 and encloses the second material D 'having a lower density and situated in the upper part and Central of the heel 633.
  • This particular arrangement makes it possible to improve the discharge of the plantar tubercle of the heel by an active support of the lateral plantar pad, which provides a better distribution of the loads on the foot both statically and dynamically for a user presenting for example a pain crippling heel
  • the removable heel 33, 133, 233, 333, 433, 533, 633 makes it possible to provide, by a strategic and clever choice of a material or a mixing of materials, additional properties of cushioning, stability, absorption of harmful shock waves to anatomical structures or absorption of vibrations generating various functional pathologies in the sportsman.
  • 533, 633 can be easily replaced by the inside of the footwear 1 1. It is sufficient for the user to insert his hand inside the footwear 1 1 through its opening, to lift the insole (not shown in the figures) which generally covers the entire outer sole 1, then remove the heel 33, 133, 233, 333, 433, 533, 633 from its housing 32 and replace it with another heel with different mechanical properties.
  • the heel 33, 133, 233, 333, 433, 533, 633 may further comprise a pull tab 37 ( Figure 5).
  • This pull tab 37 can thus be constituted by a flexible film strip
  • the heel 33, 133, 233, 333, 433, 533, 633 may also have on the surface, various indications (color codes, names) on its mechanical properties, which allows the user to select from among others according to desired characteristics (for example, flexibility or rigidity).
  • the heel mounted in the shell can be obtained in a substantially transparent or translucent material revealing the indications mentioned on the heel.
  • the fact of using a transparent or translucent material for the shell 4 allows the user to modify the aesthetic rendering of his shoe, by inserting a personalized heel (colors, drawings, text, etc.).
  • the heel is a fully modular element and customizable both on its mechanical properties as on its aesthetic appearance.
  • the posterior part 3 of the outer sole 1 which has just been described has an extra thickness with respect to the front part 2.
  • This extra thickness provided by the peripheral lateral wall 40 of the shell 4 and the heel piece 33, 133, 233, 333, 433, 533, 633 is between 1 and 25 mm (and preferably between 10 and 15 mm in order to bring an optimal elevation of the heel with respect to the forefoot).
  • the planes respectively tangential to the inner surface profile 21 (on which the forefoot is resting) and to the inner surface profile 36 (on which the heel rests) are slightly inclined relative to each other (angle between 0 and 10 °), so that the forefoot and the heel rest on almost parallel planes which further improves the biomechanical characteristics of the shoe.
  • the central portion 8 of the sole 1 has a small thickness of a few millimeters (preferably less than 5 mm), substantially constant except at its periphery 8a which is slightly raised to be fixed to the footwear 1 1 by ad hoc fixing means such as gluing or overmoulding (FIG. 4).
  • This central portion 8 has an outer surface profile 14 (i.e. the outer plantar surface) curved and arched which performs the outer longitudinal arch of the shoe. This camber is all the more pronounced as the difference in thickness between the anterior portion 2 and the posterior portion 3 is important.
  • the central portion 8 has an inner surface profile 16 (ie: the inner plantar surface) also curved in the form of a vault which achieves the longitudinal internal arch of the shoe.
  • the curvature of the inner surface profile 16 varies along the transverse axis of the shoe in order to match the shape of the foot arch of the medio foot and to support it properly.
  • the internal profile 16a of this inner surface profile 16 has a vault effect greater than its external profile 16b just like the internal arch of the midfoot which has a vault effect greater than that of its outer arch (FIG. 2). .
  • the inner and outer longitudinal archings allow to better contain and better wrap the longitudinal vaults of the foot and thus increase the bearing surface of the footrests limiting the fatigability of the athlete. Loads and pressures on the foot are then better distributed during walking, running, jumping, ground support, changes of direction, etc. :
  • the particular camber of the central part thus preserves the biomechanical activity of the medial-foot arches in order to optimize the physiological qualities of the foot as a whole, that is to say, stability, absorption, elasticity, propulsion and drainage.
  • the central portion 8 may also be made of a material different from the anterior portion 2 and the rear portion 3 to provide an additional technical feature to the sports shoe, such as for example a better stability, especially in torsion, between the anterior part 2 and the rear part 3 by the use of a plastic material more rigid than the material of the outsole 1 or by the addition of an intermediate shell or an additional tongue increasing the lateral rigidity of the together.
  • this central portion 8 can be made of a return material (carbon type) to improve the propulsion.
  • the sports shoe according to the invention thus constitutes an elemental link in the prevention, protection, and improvement of the athlete's performance.
  • the invention may also include shoes intended for the practice of other sports such as rugby, football, baseball, or other sports .

Abstract

The present invention relates to an athletic shoe having cleats, comprising an upper and an outsole (1), wherein said sole (1) has a front portion (2) capable of receiving the front of the foot, a central portion (8) capable of receiving the middle of the foot, and a rear portion (3) capable of receiving the heel. Said shoe is characterized in that said rear portion (3) of said outsole (1) consists of a hollow shell (4) and a heel seat (33), said heel seat being removably arranged in a recess formed by said hollow shell (4), and in that said rear portion (3) has a portion that is thickened relative to said front portion (2), said thickened portion being adjustable by modifying the thickness of said removable heel seat (33).

Description

CHAUSSURE DE SPORT DE TYPE A CRAMPONS  SPORTS TYPE SPORTS SHOE
La présente invention concerne une chaussure de sport de type à crampons notamment pour la pratique du football, du rugby, ou autre. The present invention relates to a sports shoe type crampons especially for playing football, rugby, or other.
Le pied est pour le sportif et notamment pour le footballeur un outil essentiel dans la pratique de son sport. Deux footballeurs peuvent être différenciés par la qualité de leur passe ou de leur frappe, la technique étant susceptible de prendre davantage d'importance chez l'un que chez l'autre.  The foot is for the sportsman and especially for the footballer an essential tool in the practice of his sport. Two footballers can be differentiated by the quality of their pass or strike, the technique is likely to take more importance in one than the other.
C'est dans cette optique d'amélioration de certaines performances des sportifs que les fabricants ont développé des chaussures permettant par exemple d'influencer et/ou d'améliorer le toucher de ballon, la qualité de la frappe de balle ou encore la stabilité par une bonne accroche terrain/chaussure.  It is in this perspective of improvement of certain performances of the athletes that the manufacturers have developed shoes allowing for example to influence and / or improve the ball touch, the quality of the ball striking or the stability by a good ground / shoe grip.
L'expansion de l'environnement économique et la recherche continue en vue de nouvelles performances pour le sportif, notamment pour le footballeur, imposent à ce dernier une augmentation de la fréquence et de l'intensité des entraînements et des matchs.  The expansion of the economic environment and the ongoing search for new performances for the athlete, especially for the footballer, impose on the latter an increase in the frequency and intensity of training and games.
Paradoxalement, les chaussures à crampons, notamment pour la pratique du football, ont peu évolué techniquement ces dernières années en réponse aux nouvelles exigences d'effort, de vitesse, d'engagement, de distance parcourue par les joueurs.  Paradoxically, cleated shoes, especially for football, have not evolved technically in recent years in response to new demands of effort, speed, commitment, distance traveled by players.
En comparaison, les chaussures utilisées dans d'autres disciplines sportives et notamment des disciplines dans lesquelles de grandes distances sont parcourues, telles que la course à pied ou le basket, ont connu des évolutions constantes permettant de répondre aux attentes croissantes des sportifs.  In comparison, footwear used in other sports and in particular disciplines in which great distances are covered, such as running or basketball, have evolved constantly to meet the growing expectations of athletes.
A titre illustratif, dans le cas de la course à pied, de nombreux modèles de chaussures répondent spécifiquement aux attentes de chaque coureur et permettent d'effectuer des entraînements et/ou des courses de longues distances tout en minimisant la fatigue physique du sportif. On trouvera ainsi des chaussures supinatrices, pronatrices, des chaussures pour l'entraînement avec une semelle plus résistante, des chaussures très légères pour la compétition, etc. As an illustration, in the case of running, many models of shoes specifically meet the expectations of each runner and allow for training and / or long distance races while minimizing the physical fatigue of the athlete. We will thus find superstring, pronating shoes, training shoes with a stronger sole, lightweight shoes for competition, etc.
Dans ce contexte, l'invention vise à fournir une chaussure de sport de type à crampons permettant de fournir une chaussure en adéquation avec les diverses exigences techniques, mécaniques et anatomiques des sportifs afin de diminuer la fatigue physique du sportif, de réduire le surmenage et le risque de blessure aiguë, et ainsi favoriser la performance du sportif.  In this context, the invention aims to provide a spike-type sports shoe to provide a shoe in line with the various technical, mechanical and anatomical requirements of athletes to reduce the physical fatigue of the athlete, reduce overwork and the risk of acute injury, and thus promote the athlete's performance.
A cet effet, l'invention propose une chaussure de sport à crampons comportant un chaussant et une semelle extérieure, ladite semelle présentant une partie antérieure apte à recevoir l'avant-pied, une partie centrale apte à recevoir le medio-pied et une partie postérieure apte à recevoir le talon ;  To this end, the invention proposes a spiked sports shoe comprising a footwear and an outsole, said sole having an anterior portion adapted to receive the forefoot, a central portion adapted to receive the medio-foot and a portion posterior able to receive the heel;
ladite chaussure étant caractérisée en ce que ladite partie postérieure de ladite semelle extérieure est constituée par une coque creuse et une talonnette, ladite talonnette étant disposée de façon amovible dans un logement formé par ladite coque creuse et en ce que ladite partie postérieure présente une surépaisseur par rapport à ladite partie antérieure, ladite surépaisseur étant modulable par modification de l'épaisseur de ladite talonnette amovible. said shoe being characterized in that said rear portion of said outsole is constituted by a hollow shell and a heel piece, said heel piece being removably disposed in a housing formed by said hollow shell and in that said rear part has an extra thickness by relative to said front portion, said extra thickness being adjustable by changing the thickness of said removable heel.
Grâce à la présence d'une talonnette amovible interchangeable rapidement et sans difficulté, l'utilisateur peut modifier les caractéristiques techniques de la chaussure par la mise en place d'une autre talonnette présentant des propriétés mécaniques différentes, notamment au niveau de l'amorti, de l'absorption des chocs ou encore de la restitution d'énergie.  Thanks to the presence of a removable heel quickly and easily interchangeable, the user can change the technical characteristics of the shoe by setting up another heel with different mechanical properties, including the cushioning, the absorption of shocks or the restitution of energy.
En jouant sur l'épaisseur de la talonnette choisie, l'utilisateur peut également moduler la surélévation du talon par rapport à l'avant pied. L'utilisateur a donc la possibilité d'optimiser sa chaussure en fonction de ses attributs physiques ce qui permet de réduire considérablement le risque d'apparition, notamment chez le sportif de haut niveau, de certaines pathologies mécaniques insidieuses et récurrentes du fait des exigences actuelles. By varying the thickness of the selected heel, the user can also modulate the elevation of the heel relative to the forefoot. The user therefore has the possibility of optimizing his shoe according to his physical attributes, which considerably reduces the risk of occurrence, in particular at the high level sportsman, of certain insidious and recurrent mechanical pathologies due to current requirements.
La chaussure selon l'invention est ainsi évolutive, perfectible et apte à s'adapter aux diverses exigences techniques, mécaniques et anatomiques des sportifs.  The shoe according to the invention is thus scalable, perfectible and able to adapt to the various technical, mechanical and anatomical requirements of athletes.
Selon une caractéristique préférée de l'invention, ladite talonnette comble l'ensemble de la surface talonnière de ladite chaussure. Le comblement de la totalité de la surface talonnière par cette talonnette procure une meilleure assise du talon dans son ensemble et optimise les fonctions mécaniques du pied, ce qui favorise un meilleur équilibre statique, dynamique et postural ; contrairement à un simple élément isolé, situé uniquement en regard d'une portion de la face plantaire du talon, qui ne procurerait alors qu'un gain partiel d'amorti mais qui en aucun cas n'améliorerait l'équilibre statique, dynamique ou postural.  According to a preferred feature of the invention, said heelette fills the entire heel surface of said shoe. The filling of the entire heel surface with this heel provides a better heel seat as a whole and optimizes the mechanical functions of the foot, which promotes a better static, dynamic and postural balance; unlike a simple isolated element, located only in relation to a portion of the plantar surface of the heel, which would then provide a partial gain of cushioning but which in any case would improve the static, dynamic or postural equilibrium .
La chaussure de sport à crampons selon l'invention peut comporter, en plus des caractéristiques préférées mentionnées précédemment, une ou plusieurs des caractéristiques suivantes, considérées individuellement ou selon toutes les combinaisons techniquement possibles :  The cleated sports shoe according to the invention may comprise, in addition to the preferred features mentioned above, one or more of the following characteristics, considered individually or in any technically possible combination:
- ladite talonnette est amovible par l'intérieur dudit chaussant ;  said heel piece is removable from the inside of said footwear;
- ladite surépaisseur est comprise entre 1 et 25 mm, de préférence entre 10 et 15 mm ;  said excess thickness is between 1 and 25 mm, preferably between 10 and 15 mm;
- ladite chaussure comporte des moyens pour maintenir en position ladite talonnette amovible dans ledit logement ;  said shoe comprises means for holding said removable heel in position in said housing;
- lesdits moyens de maintien comportent une protubérance en H apte à coopérer avec une empreinte de forme complémentaire pour assurer un blocage en translation longitudinale et transversale de ladite talonnette dans ledit logement ;  - Said holding means comprise a protuberance in H adapted to cooperate with a complementary shape of the footprint for locking in longitudinal and transverse translation of said heel in said housing;
- ladite talonnette comporte une tirette pour faciliter son extraction dudit logement ; - ladite coque et ladite talonnette se prolongent dans la partie centrale de ladite semelle extérieure ; - said heelette has a pull to facilitate its extraction of said housing; - Said shell and said heel extends in the central portion of said outsole;
- ladite talonnette est réalisée dans un matériau plus souple et plus déformable que celui constituant ladite coque ;  said heel is made of a material that is more flexible and more deformable than that constituting said shell;
- ladite talonnette est réalisée à partir de plusieurs couches superposées de matériaux présentant des propriétés mécaniques différentes ;  said heel is made from several superposed layers of materials having different mechanical properties;
- ladite talonnette présente dans sa largeur au moins deux matériaux dotés de propriétés mécaniques différentes ;  - said heel has in its width at least two materials with different mechanical properties;
- ladite talonnette présente une face supérieure formant un plan horizontal ou un plan incliné d'angle a ;  said heel has an upper face forming a horizontal plane or an inclined plane of angle a;
- ledit plan incliné d'angle a forme une déclivité, dite transversale, dans le sens transversal de ladite chaussure et/ou une déclivité, dite longitudinale, dans le sens longitudinal de la chaussure ;  said angled inclined plane forms a so-called transverse slope in the transverse direction of said shoe and / or a so-called longitudinal slope in the longitudinal direction of the boot;
- ledit angle a est compris entre 1 et 10 degrés, préférentiellement 4 ou 5 degrés ;  said angle a is between 1 and 10 degrees, preferably 4 or 5 degrees;
- ladite talonnette présente une face supérieure présentant une concavité ;  said heel has an upper face having a concavity;
- ladite coque creuse est obtenue dans un matériau transparent ou translucide ;  said hollow shell is obtained in a transparent or translucent material;
- ladite partie centrale comporte un profil extérieur incurvé ;  said central portion comprises a curved outer profile;
- ladite partie centrale comporte un profil intérieur incurvé et apte à épouser la forme de la voûte plantaire du pied.  - The said central portion has a curved inner profile and adapted to match the shape of the arch of the foot.
La présente invention a également pour objet une paire de chaussures de sport à crampons caractérisée en ce qu'elle comporte deux dites chaussures selon l'invention et en ce que les talonnettes amovibles des deux dites chaussures présentent des caractéristiques différentes.  The present invention also relates to a pair of cleated sports shoes characterized in that it comprises two said shoes according to the invention and in that the removable heel of the two said shoes have different characteristics.
La présente invention a également pour objet une talonnette amovible présentant une forme adaptée à coopérer de manière complémentaire avec le logement creux formé par la coque creuse d'une chaussure de sport à crampons selon l'invention. D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention ressortiront plus clairement de la description qui en est donnée ci-dessous, à titre indicatif et nullement limitatif, en référence aux figures annexées, parmi lesquelles : The present invention also relates to a removable heel having a shape adapted to cooperate in a complementary manner with the hollow housing formed by the hollow shell of a sports shoe cleats according to the invention. Other features and advantages of the invention will emerge more clearly from the description which is given below, by way of indication and in no way limitative, with reference to the appended figures, among which:
- la figure 1 représente une vue du côté externe, d'une chaussure de sport à crampons selon l'invention ;  - Figure 1 shows a view of the outer side of a sports shoe cleats according to the invention;
- la figure 2 représente une vue en perspective et en contre-plongée de la semelle extérieure de la chaussure selon l'invention, avec la talonnette qui est sortie de son logement ;  - Figure 2 shows a perspective view and downwardly of the outer sole of the shoe according to the invention, with the heel piece which is out of its housing;
- la figure 3 représente une vue en coupe longitudinale de la semelle extérieure dans la configuration de la figure 2 et selon le plan A-A de cette figure ;  - Figure 3 shows a longitudinal sectional view of the outer sole in the configuration of Figure 2 and in the plane A-A of this figure;
- la figure 4 représente une vue en coupe longitudinale de la semelle extérieure, toujours selon le plan A-A mais avec la talonnette qui est mise en place dans son logement ;  - Figure 4 shows a longitudinal sectional view of the outer sole, still in the plane A-A but with the heel which is placed in its housing;
- la figure 5 représente une vue en perspective de dessous de la talonnette de la semelle des figures 2 à 4 ; et  - Figure 5 shows a perspective view from below the heel of the sole of Figures 2 to 4; and
- la figure 6 représente une vue en coupe transversale de la chaussure selon l'invention dépourvue de sa talonnette selon le plan B-B de la figure 2 ;  - Figure 6 shows a cross-sectional view of the boot according to the invention devoid of his heel in the plane B-B of Figure 2;
- les figures 7a et 7b représentent respectivement une vue de dessus et une vue de côté de la talonnette amovible d'une chaussure selon un deuxième mode de réalisation de l'invention ;  - Figures 7a and 7b respectively show a top view and a side view of the removable heel of a shoe according to a second embodiment of the invention;
- les figures 8a et 8b représentent respectivement une vue de dessus et une vue de côté de la talonnette amovible d'une chaussure selon un troisième mode de réalisation de l'invention ;  - Figures 8a and 8b respectively show a top view and a side view of the removable heel of a shoe according to a third embodiment of the invention;
- les figures 9a et 9b représentent respectivement une vue de dessus et une vue de côté de la talonnette amovible d'une chaussure selon un quatrième mode de réalisation de l'invention ;  - Figures 9a and 9b respectively show a top view and a side view of the removable heel of a shoe according to a fourth embodiment of the invention;
- les figures 10a et 10b représentent respectivement une vue de dessus et une vue de côté de la talonnette amovible d'une chaussure selon un cinquième mode de réalisation de l'invention ; - les figures 1 1 a et 1 1 b représentent respectivement une vue de dessus et une vue de côté d'une variante de réalisation de la talonnette amovible d'une chaussure selon l'invention ; - Figures 10a and 10b respectively show a top view and a side view of the removable heel of a shoe according to a fifth embodiment of the invention; - Figures 1 1 a and 1 1 b respectively show a top view and a side view of an alternative embodiment of the removable heel of a shoe according to the invention;
- les figures 12a et 12b représentent respectivement une vue de dessus et une vue de côté d'une variante de réalisation de la talonnette amovible d'une chaussure selon l'invention.  - Figures 12a and 12b respectively show a top view and a side view of an alternative embodiment of the removable heel of a shoe according to the invention.
Dans toutes les figures, les éléments communs portent les mêmes numéros de référence.  In all the figures, the common elements bear the same reference numbers.
La chaussure 10 selon l'invention et illustrée à la figure 1 , comporte une semelle extérieure 1 s'étendant de l'avant jusqu'à l'arrière de la chaussure 10 et solidaire d'un chaussant 1 1 .  The shoe 10 according to the invention and illustrated in Figure 1, comprises an outer sole 1 extending from the front to the rear of the shoe 10 and secured to a foot 1 1.
De façon connue, le chaussant 1 1 est apte à recevoir et à recouvrir l'ensemble du pied. Le chaussant est confectionné au moyen de plusieurs pièces souples de cuir, de toile ou indifféremment de toute autre matière synthétique connue de l'homme du métier.  In known manner, the footwear 1 1 is able to receive and cover the entire foot. The footwear is made by means of several soft pieces of leather, canvas or indifferently any other synthetic material known to those skilled in the art.
La semelle extérieure 1 comporte trois parties distinctes remplissant chacune un rôle dans le maintien et le positionnement du pied dans la chaussure :  The outsole 1 has three distinct parts each fulfilling a role in maintaining and positioning the foot in the shoe:
- une première partie 2 située à l'avant de la chaussure permettant le soutien de l'avant-pied, dénommée par la suite partie antérieure 2 ;  - A first part 2 located at the front of the shoe for the support of the forefoot, hereinafter referred to as anterior portion 2;
- une deuxième partie 3 située à l'arrière de la chaussure permettant le soutien du talon, dénommée par la suite partie postérieure 3, et ;  a second part 3 located at the rear of the boot allowing the support of the heel, hereinafter referred to as the posterior portion 3, and;
- une troisième partie 8 située entre les deux autres assurant le soutien du médio-pied, dénommée par la suite partie centrale 8.  - A third part 8 located between the other two ensuring the support of the midfoot, hereinafter referred to as the central portion 8.
Chacune des parties est définie et dimensionnée afin de former un profil plantaire global 15 proposant un appui du pied le plus enveloppant possible, préservant ainsi l'équilibre anatomique et biomécanique du sportif.  Each of the parts is defined and sized to form a global plantar profile 15 providing a foot support as enveloping as possible, thus preserving the anatomical and biomechanical balance of the athlete.
La semelle extérieure 1 , représentée aux figures 2 à 4, comporte une pluralité de crampons 5 et 6 qui sont agencés et repartis respectivement sur le côté extérieur (i.e. le côté en contact avec le sol) de la partie antérieure 2 et de la partie postérieure 3. The outsole 1, shown in Figures 2 to 4, comprises a plurality of studs 5 and 6 which are arranged and distributed respectively on the outer side (ie the side in contact with the ground) of the anterior part 2 and the posterior part 3.
On définit de façon générale par crampon, un élément, généralement une protubérance rigide, garnissant la semelle de certains types de chaussures de sport afin d'assurer une meilleure adhérence sur le sol, et notamment sur les sols mous ou herbeux.  A crampon is generally defined as an element, generally a rigid protuberance, lining the sole of certain types of sports shoes in order to ensure better adhesion to the ground, particularly on soft or grassy ground.
Ainsi, on considère également par crampon, les différents éléments connus de l'homme du métier permettant d'assurer une meilleure adhérence sur le sol, connus notamment sous diverses appellations : barrette, lamelle, etc.  Thus, it is also considered by spike, the various elements known to those skilled in the art to ensure better adhesion to the ground, known in particular under various names: bar, lamella, etc..
Dans le mode de réalisation de l'invention illustré sur les figures, les crampons 5 et 6 sont des crampons dits « moulés » et sont donc solidaires et réalisés lors du moulage de la semelle extérieure 1 .  In the embodiment of the invention illustrated in the figures, the crampons 5 and 6 are so-called "molded" crampons and are thus integral and formed during the molding of the outsole 1.
En variante, ces crampons peuvent être des crampons vissés en matière plastique ou métallique par des moyens ad hoc de fixation.  Alternatively, these crampons may be screwed studs of plastic or metal by ad hoc fixing means.
Les crampons 5 et 6 sont indifféremment des crampons de forme conique, cylindrique, lamellaire ou toute autre forme permettant d'assurer une adhérence sur le sol.  The crampons 5 and 6 are indifferently spikes conical, cylindrical, lamellar or any other form to ensure adhesion to the ground.
De manière plus précise, la partie antérieure 2 s'étend de l'avant de la chaussure jusqu'à la droite L1 représentée en pointillés sur les figures 1 à 4, correspondant sensiblement à la position des crampons 5b (les crampons antérieurs situés les plus à l'arrière).  More specifically, the front portion 2 extends from the front of the shoe to the straight line L1 shown in dashed lines in FIGS. 1 to 4, corresponding substantially to the position of the crampons 5b (the previous crampons located most in back).
La partie postérieure 3 s'étend de la droite L2 représentée en pointillés sur ces mêmes figures 1 à 4, correspondant sensiblement à la position des crampons 6a (les crampons postérieurs situés les plus à l'avant de la chaussure).  The rear portion 3 extends from the line L2 shown in dashed lines on these same figures 1 to 4, corresponding substantially to the position of the crampons 6a (the rear studs located furthest forward of the boot).
La partie centrale 8 est la partie s'étendant entre la partie antérieure 2 et la partie postérieure 3, c'est-à-dire entre les droites L1 et L2.  The central portion 8 is the portion extending between the anterior portion 2 and the posterior portion 3, that is to say between the lines L1 and L2.
La partie antérieure 2 présente une faible épaisseur de quelques millimètres (préférentiellement inférieure à 5 mm), sensiblement constante hormis au niveau de sa périphérie 2a (figures 3 et 4) qui est légèrement surélevée pour être fixée au chaussant 1 1 par des moyens de fixation ad hoc tels que le collage ou le surmoulage. The front portion 2 has a small thickness of a few millimeters (preferably less than 5 mm), substantially constant except at its periphery 2a (Figures 3 and 4) which is slightly elevated to be fixed to the foot 1 1 by ad hoc fixing means such as gluing or overmolding.
Elle présente un profil surfacique intérieur 21 (ie : la face plantaire intérieure) faiblement cintré dont la portion avant est légèrement relevée par rapport à sa portion arrière, de façon à disposer d'un maximum d'appui au sol lors de la phase digitigrade, c'est-à-dire durant la période, de la marche ou de la course, pendant laquelle l'appui du pied est conditionné sur l'avant-pied.  It has an inner surface profile 21 (ie: the inner plantar surface) slightly curved whose front portion is slightly raised relative to its rear portion, so as to have a maximum of ground support during the digitigrade phase, that is to say, during the period, walking or running, during which the support of the foot is conditioned on the forefoot.
Cette partie antérieure 2 permet de soutenir l'avant-pied, et plus précisément la voûte transversale antérieure ainsi que les appuis antérieurs essentiellement formés par les têtes du premier métatarsien et du cinquième métatarsien.  This anterior part 2 makes it possible to support the forefoot, and more specifically the anterior transverse vault as well as the anterior supports essentially formed by the heads of the first metatarsal and the fifth metatarsal.
La partie postérieure 3 de la semelle extérieure 1 est constituée par une coque extérieure rigide et creuse 4 formant un logement 32, et une talonnette 33 disposée de façon amovible à l'intérieur de ce logement 32 (figures 2 à 4).  The rear portion 3 of the outsole 1 is constituted by a rigid outer shell and hollow 4 forming a housing 32, and a heel 33 removably disposed within this housing 32 (Figures 2 to 4).
Dans le mode réalisation illustré sur les figures, la coque 4 et la talonnette 33 se prolongent légèrement dans la partie centrale 8.  In the embodiment shown in the figures, the shell 4 and the heel 33 extend slightly in the central portion 8.
Ainsi, la partie postérieure 3 comporte les portions principales respectives 4a et 33a de la coque 4 et de la talonnette 33, tandis que la partie centrale 8 comporte leurs extensions 4b et 33b.  Thus, the rear portion 3 comprises the respective main portions 4a and 33a of the shell 4 and the heel 33, while the central portion 8 has their extensions 4b and 33b.
La coque 4 est formée par une paroi de fond 41 et par une paroi latérale périphérique 40 s'étendant verticalement depuis la paroi de fond 41 (figures 2 et 3).  The shell 4 is formed by a bottom wall 41 and a peripheral side wall 40 extending vertically from the bottom wall 41 (Figures 2 and 3).
Les parois 40 et 41 de la coque 4 délimitent le logement 32 dont la section transversale, selon le plan de coupe B-B de la figure 2, est sensiblement en forme de U (figure 6).  The walls 40 and 41 of the shell 4 delimit the housing 32 whose cross section, along the sectional plane B-B of Figure 2, is substantially U-shaped (Figure 6).
La paroi de fond 41 présente :  The bottom wall 41 has:
- une face extérieure 43 sur laquelle sont fixés les crampons 6 ; - une face intérieure 44 comporte une protubérance 45 en H dont les deux bras parallèles 45a s'étendent transversalement à l'axe longitudinal de la semelle sur toute sa largeur, tandis que le barreau central 45b s'étend entre les deux bras 45a selon l'axe longitudinal de la semelle 1 (figure 2). an outer face 43 on which the studs 6 are fixed; an inner face 44 has a protuberance 45 in which the two parallel arms 45a extend transversely to the longitudinal axis of the sole over its entire width, whereas the central bar 45b extends between the two arms 45a according to FIG. longitudinal axis of the sole 1 (Figure 2).
Les bras 45a et le barreau 45b présentent une largeur d'environ 10 mm pour une épaisseur d'environ 1 ,5 mm.  The arms 45a and the bar 45b have a width of about 10 mm and a thickness of about 1.5 mm.
Cette paroi de fond 41 présente une épaisseur sensiblement constante et égale à celle de la partie antérieure 2 de la semelle 1 hormis au niveau de sa protubérance 45.  This bottom wall 41 has a thickness substantially constant and equal to that of the front portion 2 of the sole 1 except at its protuberance 45.
La paroi latérale périphérique 40 présente également le long de sa portion inférieure 40a, une épaisseur constante comprise entre 1 et 5 mm.  The peripheral side wall 40 also has along its lower portion 40a, a constant thickness of between 1 and 5 mm.
La portion supérieure 40b de la paroi latérale périphérique 40 s'amincie progressivement vers son extrémité libre, sa face intérieure présentant un profil concave épousant la forme du chaussant 1 1 auquel cette portion supérieure 40b est fixée par des moyens de fixation ad hoc tels que le collage ou le surmoulage (figure 6).  The upper portion 40b of the peripheral side wall 40 tapers gradually toward its free end, its inner face having a concave profile matching the shape of the footwear January 1 which this upper portion 40b is fixed by ad hoc fixing means such as the bonding or overmolding (Figure 6).
Dans la portion principale 4a de la coque 4 (portion contenue dans la partie postérieure 3 de la semelle extérieure 1 ), la paroi de fond 41 est plane (sauf au niveau de la protubérance 45) tandis que la portion inférieure 40a présente une hauteur constante comprise entre 1 et 25 mm, et de préférence entre 10 et 15 mm.  In the main portion 4a of the shell 4 (portion contained in the rear portion 3 of the outer sole 1), the bottom wall 41 is flat (except at the protuberance 45) while the lower portion 40a has a constant height. between 1 and 25 mm, and preferably between 10 and 15 mm.
Dans la portion d'extension 4b de la coque 4 (portion contenue dans la partie centrale 8 de la semelle extérieure 1 ), la paroi de fond 41 adopte un profil biseauté incurvé tandis que la portion inférieure 40a voit sa hauteur diminuer progressivement vers l'avant en suivant ce profil (figures 1 et 4).  In the extension portion 4b of the shell 4 (portion contained in the central portion 8 of the outer sole 1), the bottom wall 41 adopts a curved bevelled profile while the lower portion 40a sees its height gradually decrease towards the before following this profile (Figures 1 and 4).
La portion supérieure 40b présente une hauteur constante dans l'ensemble de la coque 4, déterminée en fonction de la rigidité souhaitée pour l'arrière de la chaussure 1 , cette rigidité étant d'autant plus importante que la zone de fixation entre la coque 4 et le chaussant 1 1 est grande. La portion d'extension 4b assure ainsi une transition douce entre les parties postérieure 3 et centrale 8 de la semelle extérieure 1 . Cette portion 4b permet également de maintenir et renforcer la zone arrière de la partie centrale 8 en fournissant un enveloppé et un soutien supplémentaire au niveau du médio-pied. The upper portion 40b has a constant height in the whole of the shell 4, determined according to the desired rigidity for the rear of the boot 1, this rigidity being more important than the fixing area between the shell 4 and the footwear 1 1 is large. The extension portion 4b thus ensures a smooth transition between the rear and central portions 8 8 of the outer sole 1. This portion 4b also allows to maintain and strengthen the rear area of the central portion 8 by providing a wrapped and additional support at the midfoot.
Selon des variantes non représentées, la coque 4 et la talonnette 33 s'étendent sur la totalité de la partie centrale 8 ou au contraire, sont circonscrites à la partie postérieure 3.  According to variants not shown, the shell 4 and the heel 33 extend over the entire central portion 8 or on the contrary, are circumscribed to the rear portion 3.
La coque 4 est moulée d'une seule pièce avec les parties antérieure 2 et centrale 8 de la semelle extérieure 1 , dans un matériau plastique, de préférence de type thermoplastique ou thermodurcissable, renforcé éventuellement par des fibres de type nylon, verre ou autre.  The shell 4 is molded in one piece with the anterior parts 2 and central 8 of the outer sole 1, in a plastic material, preferably of the thermoplastic or thermosetting type, possibly reinforced by nylon, glass or other type of fibers.
La coque 4 est une coque rigide qui n'est pas déformable sous le poids du sportif.  The shell 4 is a rigid shell that is not deformable under the weight of the athlete.
La talonnette 33 présente une forme complémentaire du logement 32 lui permettant d'épouser parfaitement les faces internes des parois latérale 40 et de fond 41 de la coque 4.  The heel 33 has a shape complementary to the housing 32 allowing it to perfectly fit the internal faces of the side walls 40 and bottom 41 of the shell 4.
La talonnette 33 comporte notamment sur sa face inférieure 34, une empreinte 35 en H adaptée pour recevoir la protubérance 45 que comporte la face intérieure 41 de la coque 4 (figure 5).  The heel 33 includes in particular on its underside 34, an H-shaped recess 35 adapted to receive the protuberance 45 that includes the inner face 41 of the shell 4 (Figure 5).
Une fois insérée dans le logement 32, la coopération entre la protubérance 45 et l'empreinte 35 permet ainsi d'assurer un blocage en translation longitudinale et transversale de cette talonnette 33.  Once inserted into the housing 32, the cooperation between the protuberance 45 and the recess 35 thus makes it possible to ensure a locking in longitudinal and transverse translation of this heel 33.
La face supérieure 36 (ici sensiblement plane) de la talonnette 33 constitue le profil surfacique intérieur (ie : la face plantaire intérieure) sur lequel vient reposer le talon.  The upper face 36 (here substantially flat) of the heel 33 is the inner surface profile (ie: the inner plantar surface) on which comes to rest the heel.
La talonnette 33 présente une épaisseur minimale de base procurant la surélévation postérieure du talon et de la chaussure. Cette épaisseur est sensiblement égale à la hauteur de la portion inférieure 40a de la paroi latérale périphérique 40 de la coque 4. Cette épaisseur de la talonnette 33 est ainsi globalement constante dans sa portion principale 33a (portion contenue dans la partie postérieure 3 de la semelle extérieure 1 ) puis diminue progressivement vers l'avant dans sa portion d'extension 33b (portion contenue dans la partie centrale 8 de la semelle extérieure 1 ) selon un profil biseauté sensiblement concave (figure 4). The heel 33 has a minimum base thickness providing the posterior elevation of the heel and the shoe. This thickness is substantially equal to the height of the lower portion 40a of the peripheral side wall 40 of the shell 4. This thickness of the heel 33 is thus generally constant in its main portion 33a (portion contained in the rear portion 3 of the outer sole 1) and then gradually decreases forward in its extension portion 33b (portion contained in the central portion 8 of the outsole 1) according to a substantially concave bevelled profile (Figure 4).
Une fois mise en place par l'intérieur du chaussant 1 1 , cette talonnette 33 comble donc le logement creux 32 jusqu'à la démarcation entre les portions inférieure 40a et supérieure 40b de la paroi latérale 40 (figure 6), ce qui permet de rééquilibrer les éventuels problèmes d'inégalités de longueur des membres inférieurs, sans modifier le volume du chaussant au niveau du talon, ni perturber la hauteur d'emboîtement du talon dans la chaussure.  Once put in place by the inside of the footwear 1 1, this heel 33 thus fills the hollow housing 32 to the demarcation between the lower portions 40a and 40b of the upper side wall 40 (Figure 6), which allows to to rebalance the possible problems of inequalities of length of the lower limbs, without modifying the volume of the footwear at the level of the heel, nor to disturb the height of interlocking of the heel in the shoe.
La talonnette 33 selon l'invention permet de combler l'ensemble de l'assise talonnière et non pas uniquement une zone isolée située en regard de la face plantaire du talon.  The heel 33 according to the invention makes it possible to fill the entire heel seat and not just an isolated zone located opposite the plantar face of the heel.
En variante, la talonnette 33 peut présenter une différence d'épaisseur de +/- 4 mm avec la hauteur de la portion inférieure 40a de la paroi latérale périphérique 40.  Alternatively, the heel 33 may have a thickness difference of +/- 4 mm with the height of the lower portion 40a of the peripheral side wall 40.
Les figures 7a, 7b, 8a, 8b, 9a, 9b, 10a et 10b illustrent d'autres modes de réalisation de l'invention dans lesquels la talonnette amovible présente une configuration différente.  FIGS. 7a, 7b, 8a, 8b, 9a, 9b, 10a and 10b illustrate other embodiments of the invention in which the removable heel piece has a different configuration.
Dans chacun de ces modes de réalisation, la talonnette présente une épaisseur minimale de base procurant une surélévation postérieure du talon.  In each of these embodiments, the heel has a minimum base thickness providing a posterior elevation of the heel.
En réduisant les tensions négatives d'ancrage de la chaîne postérieure sur le pied, cette épaisseur élémentaire permet d'optimiser les effets bénéfiques propres à chacun des modes de réalisation présentés.  By reducing the negative anchoring tensions of the posterior chain on the foot, this elementary thickness makes it possible to optimize the beneficial effects peculiar to each of the embodiments presented.
Dans le mode de réalisation illustré sur les figures 7a et 7b la face supérieure 136 de la talonnette 133 forme un plan incliné d'angle a dont la déclivité est orientée du côté externe vers le côté interne de la semelle (déclivité transversale de la talonnette). De préférence, l'angle a est compris entre 1 et 10 degrés, par exemple 4 ou 5 degrés. Ce mode de réalisation particulier permet une rééquilibration du talon par une mise en pronation de l'arrière pied, ce qui procure un meilleur équilibre statique, dynamique et postural pour un utilisateur présentant par exemple un pied varus ou encore un genu varum. In the embodiment illustrated in FIGS. 7a and 7b, the upper face 136 of the heel piece 133 forms an inclined plane of angle α whose slope is oriented from the external side towards the inner side of the sole (transverse slope of the heel piece). . Preferably, the angle a is between 1 and 10 degrees, for example 4 or 5 degrees. This embodiment particular allows rebalancing of the heel by pronation of the hind foot, which provides a better static, dynamic and postural equilibrium for a user having for example a foot varus or a genu varum.
Dans le mode de réalisation illustré sur les figures 8a et 8b, la face supérieure 236 de la talonnette 233 forme un plan incliné d'angle a dont la déclivité est orientée du côté interne vers le côté externe de la semelle (déclivité transversale de la talonnette). De préférence, l'angle a est compris entre 1 et 10 degrés, par exemple 4 ou 5 degrés. Ce mode de réalisation particulier permet une rééquilibration du talon par une mise en supination de l'arrière pied, ce qui procure un meilleur équilibre statique, dynamique et postural pour un utilisateur présentant par exemple un pied valgus ou encore un genu valgum.  In the embodiment illustrated in FIGS. 8a and 8b, the upper face 236 of the heel 233 forms an inclined plane of angle α whose slope is oriented from the internal side towards the outer side of the sole (transverse slope of the heel piece ). Preferably, the angle a is between 1 and 10 degrees, for example 4 or 5 degrees. This particular embodiment allows rebalancing of the heel by placing supine in the back foot, which provides a better static, dynamic and postural equilibrium for a user having for example a valgus foot or a genu valgum.
Dans le mode de réalisation illustré sur les figures 9a et 9b, la face supérieure 336 de la talonnette 333 forme un plan incliné d'angle a dont la déclivité est orientée de l'arrière vers l'avant de la semelle (déclivité longitudinale de la talonnette). De préférence, l'angle a est compris entre 1 et 10 degrés, par exemple 4 ou 5 degrés. Ce mode de réalisation particulier permet une mise en flexion plantaire de l'arrière pied, ce qui procure un meilleur équilibre statique, dynamique et postural pour un utilisateur présentant par exemple un genu recurvatum.  In the embodiment illustrated in FIGS. 9a and 9b, the upper face 336 of the heel 333 forms an inclined plane of angle α whose slope is oriented from the rear towards the front of the sole (longitudinal slope of the heel). Preferably, the angle a is between 1 and 10 degrees, for example 4 or 5 degrees. This particular embodiment allows plantar flexion of the rear foot, which provides a better static, dynamic and postural equilibrium for a user having for example a genu recurvatum.
Dans ce mode de réalisation illustré sur les figures 10a et 10b, la face supérieure 436 de la talonnette 433 présente une concavité s'édentant sur l'ensemble de sa surface et dont l'axe principal est situé dans le plan médian de cette talonnette. De préférence, le rayon de courbure de la concavité est compris entre 50 et 150 mm, par exemple 75 mm. Ce mode de réalisation particulier permet d'améliorer la stabilité du talon par un soutien enveloppant de l'arrière-pied, ce qui procure un meilleur équilibre statique, dynamique et postural pour un utilisateur présentant par exemple une instabilité latérale, voire bilatérale de la cheville. Selon des variantes de réalisation (non représentées) du mode illustré aux figures 10a et 10b, l'axe principal de la concavité peut être positionné entre le tiers interne et le tiers externe de la largeur de la talonnette. Ces variantes de réalisation permettent d'améliorer la stabilité du talon par un soutien actif de l'arrière-pied en interne (ou en externe), ce qui procure un meilleur équilibre statique, dynamique et postural pour un utilisateur présentant par exemple une instabilité latérale interne (ou externe) dominante de la cheville après entorse du ligament latéral interne (ou externe). In this embodiment illustrated in FIGS. 10a and 10b, the upper face 436 of the heel 433 has a concavity that recedes over its entire surface and whose main axis is located in the median plane of this heel. Preferably, the radius of curvature of the concavity is between 50 and 150 mm, for example 75 mm. This particular embodiment makes it possible to improve the stability of the heel by wraparound support of the hindfoot, which provides a better static, dynamic and postural balance for a user having, for example, lateral or even bilateral instability of the ankle. . According to alternative embodiments (not shown) of the mode illustrated in Figures 10a and 10b, the main axis of the concavity can be positioned between the inner third and the outer third of the width of the heel. These embodiments can improve the stability of the heel by an active support of the hind foot internally (or externally), which provides a better static, dynamic and postural equilibrium for a user having for example a lateral instability internal (or external) dominant of the ankle after sprain of the internal (or external) lateral ligament.
La talonnette 33, 133, 233, 333, 433 peut être obtenue dans un matériau polymère, ou autre, choisi pour ses propriétés mécaniques afin d'apporter une caractéristique supplémentaire à la chaussure de sport.  The heel 33, 133, 233, 333, 433 can be obtained in a polymeric material, or other, chosen for its mechanical properties in order to provide an additional characteristic to the sports shoe.
Par exemple, la talonnette 33, 133, 233, 333, 433 peut être réalisée dans un matériau légèrement souple et déformable, telle qu'une mousse réticulée, de façon à procurer une fonction d'amorti à la chaussure.  For example, the heel 33, 133, 233, 333, 433 may be made of a slightly flexible and deformable material, such as a reticulated foam, so as to provide a cushioning function to the shoe.
Elle peut comporter en outre des bulles, des alvéoles ou bien encore des évidements tubulaires et/ou des ressorts afin d'améliorer les fonctions d'amorti, d'anti-vibration, et/ou de renvoi.  It may further comprise bubbles, cells or even tubular recesses and / or springs to improve the functions of cushioning, anti-vibration, and / or return.
La talonnette peut également comporter sur sa surface supérieure 36, 136, 236, 336, 436 une pluralité de picots ou divers reliefs étudiés selon l'intérêt proprioceptif recherché. La présence de picots permet par exemple de stimuler les récepteurs plantaires afin de mettre en éveil l'équilibre proprioceptif de l'arrière pied, et d'inciter ainsi le travail des stabilisateurs latéraux de la cheville pour un utilisateur présentant par exemple des entorses à répétition.  The heel may also comprise on its upper surface 36, 136, 236, 336, 436 a plurality of pins or various reliefs studied according to the proprioceptive interest sought. The presence of pimples makes it possible, for example, to stimulate the plantar receptors in order to awaken the proprioceptive balance of the hindfoot, and thus to encourage the work of the lateral stabilizers of the ankle for a user presenting, for example, repetitive sprains. .
La talonnette 33, 133, 233, 333, 433 peut également comporter plusieurs matériaux distincts.  The heel 33, 133, 233, 333, 433 may also comprise several different materials.
Elle peut être notamment formée par une pluralité de couches superposées de matériaux présentant des propriétés mécaniques différentes (qualités d'amorti, de stabilité, d'absorption des ondes de chocs, ou encore d'absorption des vibrations génératrices de pathologies mécaniques diverses). It may in particular be formed by a plurality of superimposed layers of materials having different mechanical properties (qualities of cushioning, stability, absorption of shock waves, or absorption of vibrations generating various mechanical pathologies).
Les matériaux constituant la talonnette peuvent également être agencés différemment, comme illustré par exemple sur les figures 1 1 a, 1 1 b, 12a et 12b.  The materials constituting the heel can also be arranged differently, as illustrated for example in Figures 11a, 11b, 12a and 12b.
Selon la variante de réalisation illustrée par les figures 1 1 a et 1 1 b, le premier matériau C s'étend depuis le côté interne de la talonnette 533 jusqu'à la démarcation avec le second matériau D qui s'étend jusqu'au côté externe de cette talonnette 533. De préférence, la démarcation entre les deux matériaux C et D est située dans la zone comprise entre le tiers interne et le tiers externe de la largeur de la semelle, par exemple au niveau du plan médian.  According to the variant embodiment illustrated in FIGS. 11a and 11b, the first material C extends from the inner side of the heel 533 to the demarcation with the second material D which extends to the side external of this heel 533. Preferably, the demarcation between the two materials C and D is located in the zone between the inner third and the outer third of the width of the sole, for example at the median plane.
Cet agencement particulier permet d'obtenir des densités différentes entre les côtés interne et externe (sens transversal) de la talonnette afin d'améliorer le confort fonctionnel du talon en dedans ou en dehors, ce qui procure une meilleure répartition des contraintes sur l'arrière pied tant en statique qu'en dynamique pour un utilisateur présentant par exemple une douleur sous-talonnière cutanée (clou plantaire) ou encore aponévrotique (épine calcanéenne).  This particular arrangement makes it possible to obtain different densities between the inner and outer sides (transverse direction) of the heel piece in order to improve the functional comfort of the heel inside or outside, which provides a better distribution of the stresses on the back. both statically and dynamically for a user presenting, for example, sub-heel cutaneous (plantar) or fascial (calcaneal spine) pain.
Selon la variante de réalisation illustrée par les figures 12a et 12b, le premier matériau C en forme d'anneau talonnier s'étend sur le pourtour de la talonnette 633 et enserre le second matériau D' présentant une densité moindre et situé en partie supérieure et centrale de la talonnette 633.  According to the variant embodiment illustrated in FIGS. 12a and 12b, the first heel ring material C extends on the periphery of the heel 633 and encloses the second material D 'having a lower density and situated in the upper part and Central of the heel 633.
Cet agencement particulier permet d'améliorer la décharge de la tubérosité plantaire du talon par un soutien actif du capiton plantaire latéral, ce qui procure une meilleure répartition des charges sur le pied tant en statique qu'en dynamique pour un utilisateur présentant par exemple une douleur sous-talonnière invalidante.  This particular arrangement makes it possible to improve the discharge of the plantar tubercle of the heel by an active support of the lateral plantar pad, which provides a better distribution of the loads on the foot both statically and dynamically for a user presenting for example a pain crippling heel
Ainsi, la talonnette amovible 33, 133, 233, 333, 433, 533, 633 permet d'apporter, par un choix stratégique et astucieux d'un matériau ou d'un mélange de matériaux, des propriétés supplémentaires d'amorti, de stabilité, d'absorption des ondes de chocs nocives aux structures anatomiques ou encore d'absorption des vibrations génératrices de pathologies fonctionnelles diverses chez le sportif. Thus, the removable heel 33, 133, 233, 333, 433, 533, 633 makes it possible to provide, by a strategic and clever choice of a material or a mixing of materials, additional properties of cushioning, stability, absorption of harmful shock waves to anatomical structures or absorption of vibrations generating various functional pathologies in the sportsman.
Du fait de son caractère amovible, la talonnette 33, 133, 233, 333, 433, Due to its removable nature, the heel 33, 133, 233, 333, 433,
533, 633 peut être remplacée facilement par l'intérieur du chaussant 1 1 . Il suffit à l'utilisateur d'insérer sa main à l'intérieur du chaussant 1 1 au travers de son ouverture, de soulever la semelle de propreté (non représentée sur les figures) qui recouvre généralement la totalité de la semelle extérieure 1 , puis de retirer la talonnette 33, 133, 233, 333, 433, 533, 633 de son logement 32 et de la remplacer par une autre talonnette présentant des propriétés mécaniques différentes. 533, 633 can be easily replaced by the inside of the footwear 1 1. It is sufficient for the user to insert his hand inside the footwear 1 1 through its opening, to lift the insole (not shown in the figures) which generally covers the entire outer sole 1, then remove the heel 33, 133, 233, 333, 433, 533, 633 from its housing 32 and replace it with another heel with different mechanical properties.
Afin de faciliter le retrait de la talonnette 33, 133, 233, 333, 433, 533, 633 par l'utilisateur, celle-ci peut comporter en outre une tirette 37 (figure 5).  To facilitate the removal of the heel 33, 133, 233, 333, 433, 533, 633 by the user, it may further comprise a pull tab 37 (Figure 5).
Cette tirette 37 peut être ainsi constituée par une bande de film souple This pull tab 37 can thus be constituted by a flexible film strip
(en plastique, en tissu, ...) dont une première portion 37a est collée sur la face avant de la talonnette tandis qu'une seconde portion 37b est saillante afin de permettre sa préhension par les doigts de l'utilisateur (figure 5). (Plastic, fabric, ...) of which a first portion 37a is glued on the front face of the heel while a second portion 37b is projecting to allow its grip by the fingers of the user (Figure 5) .
La talonnette 33, 133, 233, 333, 433, 533, 633 peut également présenter en surface, différentes indications (codes couleurs, dénominations) sur ses propriétés mécaniques, ce qui permet à l'utilisateur de la sélectionner parmi d'autres en fonction des caractéristiques recherchées (par exemple, la souplesse ou au contraire la rigidité).  The heel 33, 133, 233, 333, 433, 533, 633 may also have on the surface, various indications (color codes, names) on its mechanical properties, which allows the user to select from among others according to desired characteristics (for example, flexibility or rigidity).
Afin de permettre d'identifier depuis l'extérieur de la chaussure, la talonnette montée dans la coque, cette dernière peut être obtenue dans un matériau sensiblement transparent ou translucide laissant apparaître les indications mentionnés sur la talonnette.  To identify from the outside of the shoe, the heel mounted in the shell, the latter can be obtained in a substantially transparent or translucent material revealing the indications mentioned on the heel.
Par ailleurs, le fait d'utiliser un matériau transparent ou translucide pour la coque 4, permet à l'utilisateur de modifier le rendu esthétique de sa chaussure, en insérant une talonnette personnalisée (couleurs, dessins, texte, etc .). Furthermore, the fact of using a transparent or translucent material for the shell 4, allows the user to modify the aesthetic rendering of his shoe, by inserting a personalized heel (colors, drawings, text, etc.).
Ainsi, la talonnette constitue un élément entièrement modulable et personnalisable tant sur ses propriétés mécaniques que sur son aspect esthétique.  Thus, the heel is a fully modular element and customizable both on its mechanical properties as on its aesthetic appearance.
La partie postérieure 3 de la semelle extérieure 1 qui vient d'être décrite présente une surépaisseur par rapport à la partie antérieure 2.  The posterior part 3 of the outer sole 1 which has just been described has an extra thickness with respect to the front part 2.
Cette surépaisseur apportée par la paroi latérale périphérique 40 de la coque 4 et par la talonnette 33, 133, 233, 333, 433, 533, 633, est comprise entre 1 et 25 mm (et de préférence entre 10 et 15 mm afin d'apporter une surélévation optimale du talon par rapport à l'avant pied).  This extra thickness provided by the peripheral lateral wall 40 of the shell 4 and the heel piece 33, 133, 233, 333, 433, 533, 633 is between 1 and 25 mm (and preferably between 10 and 15 mm in order to bring an optimal elevation of the heel with respect to the forefoot).
Par ailleurs, les plans tangents respectivement au profil surfacique intérieur 21 (sur lequel repose l'avant pied) et au profil surfacique intérieur 36 (sur lequel repose le talon) sont faiblement inclinés l'un par rapport à l'autre (angle compris entre 0 et 10°), de sorte que l'avant pied et le talon reposent sur des plans quasi parallèles ce qui améliore encore les caractéristiques biomécaniques de la chaussure.  Moreover, the planes respectively tangential to the inner surface profile 21 (on which the forefoot is resting) and to the inner surface profile 36 (on which the heel rests) are slightly inclined relative to each other (angle between 0 and 10 °), so that the forefoot and the heel rest on almost parallel planes which further improves the biomechanical characteristics of the shoe.
Tout comme la partie antérieure 2, la partie centrale 8 de la semelle 1 présente une faible épaisseur de quelques millimètres (préférentiellement inférieure à 5 mm), sensiblement constante hormis au niveau de sa périphérie 8a qui est légèrement surélevée pour être fixée au chaussant 1 1 par des moyens de fixation ad hoc tels que le collage ou le surmoulage (figure 4).  Like the anterior portion 2, the central portion 8 of the sole 1 has a small thickness of a few millimeters (preferably less than 5 mm), substantially constant except at its periphery 8a which is slightly raised to be fixed to the footwear 1 1 by ad hoc fixing means such as gluing or overmoulding (FIG. 4).
Cette partie centrale 8 présente un profil surfacique extérieur 14 (i.e. : la face plantaire extérieure) incurvé et en forme de voûte qui réalise la cambrure longitudinale extérieure de la chaussure. Cette cambrure est d'autant plus prononcée que la différence d'épaisseur entre la partie antérieure 2 et la partie postérieure 3 est importante.  This central portion 8 has an outer surface profile 14 (i.e. the outer plantar surface) curved and arched which performs the outer longitudinal arch of the shoe. This camber is all the more pronounced as the difference in thickness between the anterior portion 2 and the posterior portion 3 is important.
La partie centrale 8 présente un profil surfacique intérieur 16 (ie : la face plantaire intérieure) également incurvé en forme de voûte qui réalise la cambrure longitudinale intérieure de la chaussure. L'incurvation du profil surfacique intérieur 16 varie selon l'axe transversal de la chaussure afin d'épouser la forme de la voûte plantaire du medio pied et de la soutenir convenablement. The central portion 8 has an inner surface profile 16 (ie: the inner plantar surface) also curved in the form of a vault which achieves the longitudinal internal arch of the shoe. The curvature of the inner surface profile 16 varies along the transverse axis of the shoe in order to match the shape of the foot arch of the medio foot and to support it properly.
Ainsi, le profil interne 16a de ce profil surfacique intérieur 16 présente un effet de voûte plus important que son profil externe 16b tout comme l'arche interne du médio pied qui comporte un effet de voûte supérieur à celui de son arche externe (figure 2).  Thus, the internal profile 16a of this inner surface profile 16 has a vault effect greater than its external profile 16b just like the internal arch of the midfoot which has a vault effect greater than that of its outer arch (FIG. 2). .
Les cambrures longitudinales intérieure et extérieure permettent de mieux contenir et de mieux envelopper les voûtes longitudinales du pied et ainsi augmenter la surface portante des appuis plantaires limitant la fatigabilité du sportif. Les charges et les pressions sur le pied sont alors mieux reparties au cours de la marche, de la course, des sauts, des prises d'appui au sol, des changements de direction, etc. :  The inner and outer longitudinal archings allow to better contain and better wrap the longitudinal vaults of the foot and thus increase the bearing surface of the footrests limiting the fatigability of the athlete. Loads and pressures on the foot are then better distributed during walking, running, jumping, ground support, changes of direction, etc. :
- la transmission des forces et des charges de l'arrière pied vers le médio-pied, et jusqu'à l'avant pied, en limitant les contraintes de tension sur l'ensemble de la chaîne musculaire postérieure.  - the transmission of forces and loads from the hindfoot to the midfoot, and up to the forefoot, limiting tension constraints on the entire posterior muscle chain.
La cambrure particulière de la partie centrale préserve ainsi l'activité biomécanique des arches plantaires de médio-pied afin d'optimiser les qualités physiologiques du pied dans son ensemble, c'est-à-dire stabilité, absorption, élasticité, propulsion et drainage.  The particular camber of the central part thus preserves the biomechanical activity of the medial-foot arches in order to optimize the physiological qualities of the foot as a whole, that is to say, stability, absorption, elasticity, propulsion and drainage.
La partie centrale 8 peut également être réalisée dans un matériau différent de la partie antérieure 2 et de la partie postérieure 3 afin d'apporter une caractéristique technique supplémentaire à la chaussure de sport, comme par exemple une meilleure stabilité, notamment en torsion, entre la partie antérieure 2 et la partie postérieure 3 par l'utilisation d'un matériau plastique plus rigide que le matériau de la semelle extérieure 1 ou par l'ajout d'une coque intermédiaire ou d'une languette supplémentaire augmentant la rigidité latérale de l'ensemble. Par exemple, cette partie centrale 8 peut être réalisée dans un matériau de renvoi (de type carbone) afin d'améliorer la propulsion. La chaussure de sport selon l'invention constitue ainsi un maillon élémentaire dans la prévention, la protection, et l'amélioration des performances du sportif. The central portion 8 may also be made of a material different from the anterior portion 2 and the rear portion 3 to provide an additional technical feature to the sports shoe, such as for example a better stability, especially in torsion, between the anterior part 2 and the rear part 3 by the use of a plastic material more rigid than the material of the outsole 1 or by the addition of an intermediate shell or an additional tongue increasing the lateral rigidity of the together. For example, this central portion 8 can be made of a return material (carbon type) to improve the propulsion. The sports shoe according to the invention thus constitutes an elemental link in the prevention, protection, and improvement of the athlete's performance.
Elle présente en outre les avantages additionnels suivants :  It also has the following additional benefits:
- limitation des risques de blessure ;  - limitation of the risk of injury;
- protection et lutte contre les douleurs mécaniques et physiologiques ; - protection and fight against mechanical and physiological pains;
- préservation de la biomécanique des membres inférieurs, du bassin, et du dos ; - preservation of the biomechanics of the lower limbs, pelvis, and back;
- amélioration du système veineux de l'effort ;  - improvement of the venous system of the effort;
- amélioration du drainage veineux plantaire et des membres inférieurs favorisant l'élimination des toxines ;  - Improved plantar venous drainage and lower limbs promoting the elimination of toxins;
- amélioration de la performance ;  - improvement of performance;
- amélioration et respect des trois arches et des trois piliers d'appui du pied ;  - improvement and respect of the three arches and the three pillars of the foot support;
- amélioration du confort ;  - improvement of comfort;
- aucune modification du volume du chaussant existant, ce qui entraîne un faible coût de développement et autorise l'utilisation du volume du chaussant pour l'adaptation d'orthèses plantaires sur mesure.  - no change in the volume of the existing footwear, which leads to a low development cost and allows the use of footwear volume for the adaptation of customized orthotic orthotics.
Il va de soi que d'autres modes de réalisation peuvent être envisagés, sans sortir du cadre de l'invention, celle-ci n'étant nullement limitée aux exemples décrits et représentés.  It goes without saying that other embodiments can be envisaged, without departing from the scope of the invention, the latter being in no way limited to the examples described and shown.
Notamment, bien que les modes de réalisation précédemment décrits portent sur une chaussure de football, l'invention peut concerner également des chaussures prévues pour la pratique d'autres sports tels que le rugby, le football américain, le baseball, ou d'autres sports.  In particular, although the embodiments described above relate to a football boot, the invention may also include shoes intended for the practice of other sports such as rugby, football, baseball, or other sports .

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
Chaussure de sport à crampons (10) comportant un chaussant (1 1 ) et une semelle extérieure (1 ), ladite semelle (1 ) présentant une partie antérieure Sports shoe with studs (10) comprising a fit (1 1) and an outer sole (1), said sole (1) having a front part
(2) apte à recevoir l'avant-pied, une partie centrale (8) apte à recevoir le medio-pied et une partie postérieure (3) apte à recevoir le talon ; (2) adapted to receive the forefoot, a central part (8) adapted to receive the midfoot and a posterior part (3) adapted to receive the heel;
ladite chaussure (10) étant caractérisée en ce que ladite partie postérieure said shoe (10) being characterized in that said rear part
(3) de ladite semelle extérieure (1 ) est constituée par une coque creuse (4) et une talonnette (33), ladite talonnette étant disposée de façon amovible dans un logement (32) formé par ladite coque creuse (3) of said outer sole (1) is constituted by a hollow shell (4) and a heel cup (33), said heel cup being removably arranged in a housing (32) formed by said hollow shell
(4) et en ce que ladite partie postérieure (3) présente une surépaisseur par rapport à ladite partie antérieure (2), ladite surépaisseur étant modulable par modification de l'épaisseur de ladite talonnette amovible (33). (4) and in that said rear part (3) has an extra thickness compared to said front part (2), said extra thickness being adjustable by modifying the thickness of said removable heel pad (33).
Chaussure de sport à crampons selon la revendication 1 , caractérisée en ce que ladite talonnette (33) comble l'ensemble de la surface talonnière de ladite chaussure. Sports shoe with cleats according to claim 1, characterized in that said heel cup (33) fills the entire heel surface of said shoe.
Chaussure de sport à crampons selon l'une des revendications 1 à 2, caractérisée en ce que ladite talonnette (33) est amovible par l'intérieur dudit chaussant (1 1 ). Sports shoe with cleats according to one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that said heel cup (33) is removable from the inside of said shoe (1 1).
Chaussure de sport à crampons selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisée en ce que ladite surépaisseur est comprise entre 1 et 25 mm, de préférence entre 10 et 15 mm. Sports shoe with studs according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that said extra thickness is between 1 and 25 mm, preferably between 10 and 15 mm.
5. Chaussure de sport à crampons selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comporte des moyens (35, 45) pour maintenir en position ladite talonnette amovible (33) dans ledit logement (32). 5. Sports shoe with cleats according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that it comprises means (35, 45) for holding said removable heel piece (33) in position in said housing (32).
6. Chaussure de sport à crampons selon la revendication 5, caractérisée en ce que lesdits moyens de maintien comportent une protubérance en H (45) apte à coopérer avec une empreinte (35) de forme complémentaire pour assurer un blocage en translation longitudinale et transversale de ladite talonnette (33) dans ledit logement (32). 6. Sports shoe with cleats according to claim 5, characterized in that said holding means comprise an H-shaped protuberance (45) capable of cooperating with an indentation (35) of complementary shape to ensure blocking in longitudinal and transverse translation of said heel pad (33) in said housing (32).
7. Chaussure de sport à crampons selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisée en ce que ladite talonnette (33) comporte une tirette (37) pour faciliter son extraction dudit logement (32). 7. Sports shoe with cleats according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that said heel cup (33) comprises a pull tab (37) to facilitate its extraction from said housing (32).
Chaussure de sport à crampons selon l'une des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisée en ce que ladite coque (4) et ladite talonnette (33) se prolongent dans la partie centrale (8) de ladite semelle extérieure (1 ). Sports shoe with studs according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that said shell (4) and said heel cup (33) extend into the central part (8) of said outer sole (1).
Chaussure de sport à crampons selon l'une des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisée en ce que ladite talonnette (33) est réalisée dans un matériau plus souple et plus déformable que celui constituant ladite coque (4). Sports shoe with cleats according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that said heel cup (33) is made of a more flexible and more deformable material than that constituting said shell (4).
10. Chaussure de sport à crampons selon l'une des revendications 1 à 9, caractérisée en ce que ladite talonnette (33) est réalisée à partir de plusieurs couches superposées de matériaux présentant des propriétés mécaniques différentes. 10. Sports shoe with cleats according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that said heel cup (33) is made from several superimposed layers of materials having different mechanical properties.
1 1 . Chaussure de sport à crampons selon l'une des revendications 1 à 9, caractérisée en ce que ladite talonnette (533) présente dans sa largeur au moins deux matériaux (C, D ; C, D') dotés de propriétés mécaniques différentes. 1 1 . Sports shoe with studs according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that said heel cup (533) has in its width at least two materials (C, D; C, D') with different mechanical properties.
12. Chaussure de sport à crampons selon l'une des revendications 1 à 1 1 , caractérisée en ce que ladite talonnette (33, 133, 233, 333) présente une face supérieure (36, 136, 236, 336) formant un plan horizontal ou un plan incliné d'angle a. 12. Sports shoe with cleats according to one of claims 1 to 1 1, characterized in that said heel cup (33, 133, 233, 333) has an upper face (36, 136, 236, 336) forming a horizontal plane or an inclined plane of angle a.
13. Chaussure de sport à crampons selon la revendication 12, caractérisée en ce que ledit plan incliné d'angle a forme une déclivité, dite transversale, dans le sens transversal de ladite chaussure et/ou une déclivité, dite longitudinale, dans le sens longitudinal de la chaussure. 13. Sports shoe with cleats according to claim 12, characterized in that said inclined angle plane forms a slope, called transverse, in the transverse direction of said shoe and/or a slope, called longitudinal, in the longitudinal direction of the shoe.
14. Chaussure de sport à crampons selon l'une des revendications 12 à 13, caractérisée en ce que ledit angle a est compris entre 1 et 10 degrés, préférentiellement 4 ou 5 degrés. 14. Sports shoe with studs according to one of claims 12 to 13, characterized in that said angle a is between 1 and 10 degrees, preferably 4 or 5 degrees.
15. Chaussure de sport à crampons selon l'une des revendications 1 à 14, caractérisée en ce que ladite talonnette (433) présente une face supérieure (436) présentant une concavité. 15. Sports shoe with cleats according to one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that said heel cup (433) has an upper face (436) having a concavity.
16. Chaussure de sport à crampons selon l'une des revendications 1 à 15, caractérisée en ce que ladite partie centrale (8) comporte un profil extérieur (14) incurvé. 16. Sports shoe with cleats according to one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that said central part (8) comprises a curved outer profile (14).
17. Chaussure de sport à crampons selon l'une des revendications 1 à 16, caractérisée en ce que ladite partie centrale (8) comporte un profil intérieur (16) incurvé et apte à épouser la forme de la voûte plantaire du pied. 17. Sports shoe with crampons according to one of claims 1 to 16, characterized in that said central part (8) comprises an interior profile (16) curved and adapted to match the shape of the arch of the foot.
18. Paire de chaussures de sport à crampons caractérisée en ce qu'elle comporte deux dites chaussures selon l'une des revendications 1 à 17, et en ce que les talonnettes amovibles des deux dites chaussures présentent des caractéristiques différentes. 18. Pair of sports shoes with cleats characterized in that it comprises two said shoes according to one of claims 1 to 17, and in that the removable heel pads of the two said shoes have different characteristics.
19. Talonnette amovible présentant une forme adaptée à coopérer de manière complémentaire avec la forme d'un logement creux (32) formé par la coque creuse (4) d'une chaussure de sport à crampons selon l'une des revendications 1 à 17. 19. Removable heel cup having a shape adapted to cooperate in a complementary manner with the shape of a hollow housing (32) formed by the hollow shell (4) of a sports shoe with cleats according to one of claims 1 to 17.
EP11801794.6A 2010-11-29 2011-11-29 Athletic shoe having cleats Active EP2645895B1 (en)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL11801794T PL2645895T3 (en) 2010-11-29 2011-11-29 Athletic shoe having cleats
SI201130460T SI2645895T1 (en) 2010-11-29 2011-11-29 Athletic shoe having cleats
HRP20150390TT HRP20150390T1 (en) 2010-11-29 2015-04-07 Athletic shoe having cleats
CY20151100341T CY1116222T1 (en) 2010-11-29 2015-04-07 SPORT SPORT SHOE

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1059881A FR2967874B1 (en) 2010-11-29 2010-11-29 SPORTS TYPE SPORTS SHOE
PCT/FR2011/052819 WO2012072949A1 (en) 2010-11-29 2011-11-29 Athletic shoe having cleats

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2645895A1 true EP2645895A1 (en) 2013-10-09
EP2645895B1 EP2645895B1 (en) 2015-01-07

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US (1) US10531701B2 (en)
EP (1) EP2645895B1 (en)
CY (1) CY1116222T1 (en)
DK (1) DK2645895T3 (en)
ES (1) ES2535710T3 (en)
FR (1) FR2967874B1 (en)
HR (1) HRP20150390T1 (en)
PL (1) PL2645895T3 (en)
PT (1) PT2645895E (en)
RS (1) RS53977B1 (en)
SI (1) SI2645895T1 (en)
SM (1) SMT201500102B (en)
WO (1) WO2012072949A1 (en)

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Publication number Publication date
EP2645895B1 (en) 2015-01-07
CY1116222T1 (en) 2017-02-08
HRP20150390T1 (en) 2015-06-19
WO2012072949A1 (en) 2012-06-07
DK2645895T3 (en) 2015-04-20
PT2645895E (en) 2015-04-29
FR2967874B1 (en) 2013-09-13
SI2645895T1 (en) 2015-07-31
US10531701B2 (en) 2020-01-14
SMT201500102B (en) 2015-07-09
FR2967874A1 (en) 2012-06-01
ES2535710T3 (en) 2015-05-14
PL2645895T3 (en) 2015-07-31
RS53977B1 (en) 2015-10-30
US20130333249A1 (en) 2013-12-19

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