EP3880023A1 - Sole of a shoe having a preferred flexing zone, and shoe having such an outer sole - Google Patents

Sole of a shoe having a preferred flexing zone, and shoe having such an outer sole

Info

Publication number
EP3880023A1
EP3880023A1 EP19805201.1A EP19805201A EP3880023A1 EP 3880023 A1 EP3880023 A1 EP 3880023A1 EP 19805201 A EP19805201 A EP 19805201A EP 3880023 A1 EP3880023 A1 EP 3880023A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
sole
shoe
foot
flexion zone
zone
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP19805201.1A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Jean-Luc GUER
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Ggrow Up
Original Assignee
Ggrow Up
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ggrow Up filed Critical Ggrow Up
Publication of EP3880023A1 publication Critical patent/EP3880023A1/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A43—FOOTWEAR
    • A43B—CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
    • A43B1/00—Footwear characterised by the material
    • A43B1/0018—Footwear characterised by the material made at least partially of flexible, bellow-like shaped material
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A43—FOOTWEAR
    • A43B—CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
    • A43B13/00—Soles; Sole-and-heel integral units
    • A43B13/02—Soles; Sole-and-heel integral units characterised by the material
    • A43B13/12—Soles with several layers of different materials
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A43—FOOTWEAR
    • A43B—CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
    • A43B13/00—Soles; Sole-and-heel integral units
    • A43B13/02—Soles; Sole-and-heel integral units characterised by the material
    • A43B13/12—Soles with several layers of different materials
    • A43B13/122—Soles with several layers of different materials characterised by the outsole or external layer
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A43—FOOTWEAR
    • A43B—CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
    • A43B13/00—Soles; Sole-and-heel integral units
    • A43B13/14—Soles; Sole-and-heel integral units characterised by the constructive form
    • A43B13/141—Soles; Sole-and-heel integral units characterised by the constructive form with a part of the sole being flexible, e.g. permitting articulation or torsion
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A43—FOOTWEAR
    • A43B—CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
    • A43B13/00—Soles; Sole-and-heel integral units
    • A43B13/14—Soles; Sole-and-heel integral units characterised by the constructive form
    • A43B13/16—Pieced soles
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A43—FOOTWEAR
    • A43B—CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
    • A43B5/00—Footwear for sporting purposes

Definitions

  • the field of the invention is that of shoes, in particular used for the practice of physical activity, and in particular for the practice of sport whether urban or outdoor.
  • Sports activities such as walking, sports walking, and running are activities practiced regularly, even daily, for some people. This activity causes repeated impacts on the feet, impacts that are transmitted to the joints of the upper floors and which are known to promote short, medium or long term the appearance of Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDs).
  • MSDs Musculoskeletal Disorders
  • MSDs can range from simple pain to debilitating injuries such as fatigue fractures, severe cartilage wear or tendonitis, which force the person to decrease, or in some cases, stop practicing. These disorders can be treated, but lead to recurrences in the majority of cases.
  • the shoes constitute the main equipment of the sportsman (walking and running), are more and more specific to a practice and a sport. They must make it possible to meet certain needs linked to the sporting activity, in particular in terms of grip, type of impact and expected movements. So, for example, manufacturers favor a more cushioning sole for a running shoe on hard ground, or a stiffer sole and wrapped foot for a hiking shoe on soft ground.
  • the invention aims to provide a sole of a shoe, extending in a longitudinal direction (L) representative of the main axis of the foot (P), and having a front part capable of receiving the forefoot, a central part capable of receiving the midfoot and a posterior part capable of receiving the heel, said sole comprising at the level of the front part a preferred flexion zone extending in an oblique direction relative to the main axis of the foot (P).
  • the main axis of the foot (P), or static axis of the foot, means the axis which passes through the middle of the heel and through the middle of the second toe.
  • the sole according to the invention allows to respect the flexion movement of the foot only at the level of the five metatarsophalangeal joints of the foot and to contain any other articular mobilization of the foot in order to limit the risk of injury by proposing the creation of an artificial flexion zone located at the level of the forefoot.
  • outsole according to the invention may have one or more additional characteristics from the following, considered individually or in all technically possible combinations:
  • the sole comprises at the front part a plurality of preferred flexion zones extending in an oblique direction relative to the main axis of the foot (P);
  • - Said preferred flexion zone is located at the level of the anterior part receiving the forefoot and in projection of the metatarsophalangeal heads of the foot;
  • - Said sole has, at the privileged flexion zone, a lower hardness of at least 10% compared to the rest of said sole;
  • said preferred flexion zone has a height, extending in the longitudinal direction (L), between 3 and 40 mm;
  • said preferred flexion zone is oriented along a main bending fold axis (F), itself oriented at an angle of 105 ° ⁇ 15 ° relative to the main axis of the foot (P);
  • Said sole has, at the preferred bending zone, at least one groove oriented along the axis of the main bending fold (F);
  • Said sole is made of a first material and has, at the preferred flexion zone, an inclusion of a second material of the same kind and having a density less than the density of the first material used for the rest of the sole;
  • the second material has a density at least 10% lower than the density of the first material
  • Said sole is made of a first material and has, at the preferred flexion zone, an inclusion of a second material of a different nature and having a hardness less than the hardness of the first material used for the rest of the sole;
  • the second material has a hardness at least 10% lower than the hardness of the first material
  • Said preferred flexion zone is located at a distance of between 60 and 75% of the total length of the sole from its rear end;
  • said preferred flexion zone extends over part or the entire width of the sole
  • Said sole has an extra thick strip located at the edge of said preferred flexion zone or at two edges of said preferred flexion zone;
  • - Said oversized strip is oriented along the main bending fold axis (F), itself oriented at an angle of 105 ° ⁇ 15 ° relative to the main axis of the foot (P); - Said thickening strip forms a means of attachment of the front part of the outer sole;
  • said sole is a flexible sole based on elastomer or a rigid sole based on thermoplastic materials;
  • Said sole has an outsole intended to come into contact with the ground and an intermediate sole, said preferred flexion zone extending in an oblique direction relative to the main axis of the foot (P) being formed at said level outsole.
  • the invention also relates to a shoe comprising a sole according to the invention.
  • the shoe is a walking shoe, a running shoe, a sports shoe, a football shoe or a rugby shoe.
  • Figure 1 illustrates a sectional view along the median plane of a sports shoe according to the invention
  • Figure 2 illustrates a bottom view of a first embodiment of a sports shoe comprising a sole according to the invention
  • Figure 3 illustrates a bottom view of a second embodiment of a sports shoe having a sole according to the invention
  • Figure 4 shows a sectional view along the longitudinal axis of the shoe of a first embodiment of the structure of the outer sole according to the invention at the flexion zone;
  • Figure 5 shows a sectional view along the longitudinal axis of the shoe of a second embodiment of the structure of the outer sole according to the invention at the flexion zone
  • Figure 6 shows a sectional view along the longitudinal axis of the shoe of a third embodiment of the structure of the outer sole according to the invention at the flexion zone;
  • FIG. 7 represents a projection on the foot of the flexion zone formed at the level of the outer sole of a sports shoe according to the invention
  • Figure 8 shows a sectional view along the longitudinal axis of the shoe of a fourth embodiment of the structure of the outer sole according to the invention at the flexion zone;
  • FIG. 9 illustrates a bottom view of a third embodiment of a sports shoe comprising a second embodiment of an outer sole according to the invention.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates a sectional view of an exemplary embodiment of a shoe according to the invention.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates a bottom view of a first example of a sports shoe comprising a sole according to the invention.
  • FIG. 3 illustrates a bottom view of a second example of a sports shoe comprising a sole according to the invention.
  • Median plane means the plane which separates the left half of the right half of the body.
  • sagittal plane is meant a plane parallel to the median plane.
  • transverse plane is meant a horizontal plane and therefore perpendicular to the median plane and which separates the body into a cranial part and a caudal part.
  • frontal (or coronal) plane is meant a plane perpendicular to the median plane and to the transverse plane and which separates the body into an anterior (ventral) part and a posterior (dorsal) part.
  • Figure 1 illustrates an exemplary embodiment of a shoe 100 according to the invention.
  • the shoe 100 is a sports shoe (sportwear in English).
  • the sports shoe 100 comprises a rod 20 defining a housing for receiving a foot (not shown).
  • the rod 20 is closed in the lower part by a first assembly 30 (“mounting midsole” in English) so as to form an entire volume.
  • This first assembly 30 can have damping and comfort characteristics. It is for example made by means of several pieces of leather, canvas, fabric for example polyester and / or ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA), or indifferently from any other synthetic material known to those skilled in the art.
  • EVA ethylene vinyl acetate
  • the sports shoe 100 also includes a sole 10 on which the first mounting 30 is sewn or glued.
  • the sports shoe 100 is a walking shoe, a sports shoe, or even a running shoe having a relatively flexible sole 10 formed from sparkling materials and / or manually deformable (typically a material having a hardness less than 50 Shore A).
  • the sole 10 constitutes the base of the sports shoe 100 and is intended to be in contact with the ground.
  • the sole 10 conventionally extends from the front to the rear of the shoe 100 along a longitudinal axis (L) which corresponds to the main axis of the foot
  • the sole 10 has three separate parts, each fulfilling a role in maintaining and positioning the foot in the shoe 100:
  • a third part 14 located between the two others providing support for the midfoot hereinafter called the central part 14.
  • Each of the parts 12, 13, 14 is defined and dimensioned in order to form an overall plantar profile providing support for the foot as enveloping as possible and as close as possible to the planar profile of the foot, thus preserving the anatomical and biomechanical balance. of the sportsman.
  • the sole 10 is composed by the association of several layers and / or materials having different properties (for example of hardness, cushioning, etc.) which can be localized locally in different places.
  • the sole 10 is composed of an outer sole 15 ("outsole" in English), called wear, intended to be in contact with the ground for example in a or several layers of elements from the following list: polyurethane; elastic thermoplastic polyurethane, rubber.
  • the outer sole 15 is advantageously textured and can have means favoring the grip on a particular ground such as for example sculptures, flexible spikes whose shape and geometry can vary according to the program of use of the shoe. sport 100.
  • a crampon is defined as an element, generally a more or less flexible protuberance, lining the outer sole of sports shoes in order to ensure better grip on the ground depending on the nature of the soil.
  • the sole 10 may also include at least one damping element 17 to absorb shocks.
  • the damping element 17 is generally located at the rear part 14 and / or the front part 12.
  • the damping element 17 is for example made of a material from the following list: encapsulated air, gel, thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) ) expanded, expanded ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA), or any other thermoplastic elastomer.
  • the sole 10 also includes an intermediate sole 16 ("midsole" in English) on which the first mounting 30 is secured.
  • the midsole 16 plays an important role in the general stability of the foot.
  • This midsole 16 is composed for example of EVA foam (s) and / or TPU foam (s) whose densities and hardnesses can vary according to requirements.
  • This midsole 16 may also include structural reinforcements located opposite the internal arch of the foot or even localized from the heel to the forefoot. It is also inside this midsole 16 that the different cushioning technologies are located.
  • the sole 10 has at its front part 12, at least one privileged flexion zone 41 to promote and guide the folding of the shoe during the unwinding of the foot at a particular area , selected and predefined from the front part 12 of the sole 10.
  • the preferred bending zone 41 extends in an oblique direction relative to the main axis of the foot (P).
  • the bending zone 41 extends longitudinally in a direction parallel to a straight line F forming an angle a of 105 ° ⁇ 15 ° relative to the main axis of the foot P, (ie at an angle of 15 ° ⁇ 15 ° with respect to the transverse axis T perpendicular to the main axis P of the foot) as illustrated in FIG. 7.
  • the obliquity of the flexion zone 41 is produced so that the medial edge of the preferred flexion zone 41 is found further forward than the lateral edge of the preferred flexion zone 41, with respect to the main axis (P) of the foot.
  • This flexion zone 41 located at the level of the anterior part receiving the forefoot and in projection of the metatarsophalangeal heads of the foot, originates behind the necks of the heads of the metatarsals (and advantageously up to 2 cm maximum back depending on the type of shoe) and ends in front of the metatarsal heads (and advantageously up to 2 cm maximum forward depending on the type of shoe).
  • the flexion zone 41 is oriented along an axis of flexion fold F oblique to the longitudinal axis L of the shoe 100, and extended along the longitudinal axis L over a height of between 3 and 40 mm.
  • the preferred flexion zone 41 is located at a distance of between 60 and 70% of the total length of the sole 10 relative to the rear end of the sole 10.
  • the preferred flexion zone 41 extends over part or all of the width of the sole 10.
  • this flexion zone 41 shows a projection on the foot of this flexion zone 41 formed at the sole 10 of the sports shoe 100. As illustrated in FIG. 7, this flexion zone 41 is advantageously chosen and corresponds to the contact area of all the metatarsophalangeal heads of the foot.
  • the obliquity of the flexion zone 41 relative to the longitudinal axis L is directly relative to the support zone of the anterior arch of the foot, ie in an oblique direction which is oriented from the front towards the rear of the foot and from the medial edge to the lateral edge of the foot.
  • the sole 10 has at this bending zone 41 a lower hardness than the rest of the sole 10.
  • the hardness at this bending zone 41 is at least 10% lower than the hardness of the rest of the sole 10.
  • the preferred flex area 41 is formed at the level of the outer sole 15.
  • the sole 10 according to the invention has in its structure, and more particularly at the front part 12 of the outer sole 15, at least one groove 40, and more particularly a plurality of grooves, oriented obliquely to the main axis of the foot (P).
  • the grooves 40 create an initiation of the sole 10, in the mechanical sense of the term, making it possible to promote and guide the folding of the shoe during the unfolding of the foot at a particular privileged, chosen and predefined area of the front part 12
  • the grooves 40 are located in the zone, called the flexion zone 41, symbolized by a dotted rectangle in FIGS. 2 to 6.
  • the grooves 40 are grouped in this privileged flexion zone 41 which extends over part or on either side of the sole 10 (i.e. between the inside and the outside of the sole 10).
  • the grooves 40 formed in this bending zone 41 also follow this general orientation of the bending zone 41 so that the grooves 40 are substantially oriented at an angle a of 105 ° ⁇ 15 ° relative to the main axis of the foot P, (ie at an angle of 15 ° ⁇ 15 ° relative to the transverse axis T perpendicular to the main axis P of the foot) as illustrated in FIG. 7.
  • the grooves 40 are advantageously positioned obliquely relative to a longitudinal axis L of the shoe 100.
  • the grooves 40 are substantially rectilinear. They may also have a slight concavity as illustrated in FIGS. 2 and 3 while propagating along substantially transversely in a rectilinear direction.
  • the grooves 40 may be continuous on either side of the sole 10, discontinuous, extending transversely over one or more portion (s) of the sole, etc.
  • the outer sole 15 does not have any additional element which breaks the line of flight defined by the grooves 40, so as not to disturb the flexion guideline of the sole 10 , in the bending zone 41 and along the grooves 40.
  • This arrangement of the grooves 40 of the outsole 15 in this particular area of flexure 41 allows to guide the bending of the shoe during the lateral flow from the anterior arch (by external of the 5 th metatarsal head to the 1 head st metatarsal) when walking and taking support, like a real guide rail.
  • the grooves 40 formed at the level of the forefoot make it possible to optimize the control of the movement of the unrolled step when walking, or running, in the most efficient way possible while minimizing the resistance of the shoe during of the foot roll.
  • these grooves 40 have the objective of improving the supports and optimizing the course of the foot during walking or running, and improving the general balance of the sportsman with a safer and more functional activity. economic.
  • the flexion fold of the shoe 100 is produced naturally at the grooves 40 formed in the thickness of the sole, in particular by the creation of one or more preferred flex zones in which the thickness of the sole 10, and in particular of the outsole 15 is less.
  • the shoe according to the invention made it possible to release the clean flexor muscle of the big toe. Indeed, it is frequent that the proper flexor muscle of the big toe is used improperly because of a bad position of the flexion of the shoe which is random or defined by the structure of the means of attachment of the outer sole. wear without real control. While the flexor muscle is supposed to be used primarily for propulsion, it is often used in prior art shoes to combat reversion of the foot, ie as a lateral stabilizer of the subtalar joint by replacing the inverting muscles. (anterior and posterior tibial muscles).
  • the energy expended to stabilize the foot laterally in the frontal plane will therefore not be used to advance in the sagittal plane and this is deleterious at the functional level.
  • the degree of inversion or eversion and its maintenance when taking support also determine the harmful tensions on the internal arch of the foot during walking, thus reducing an overwhelming disorganization of the skeleton.
  • the studied architectural configuration of the grooves 40 and therefore of the flexion fold of the forefoot of the shoe 100 makes it possible to fully comply with the stress of the supero-achilleo plantar system during walking and running. This greatly improves the overall posture of the athlete and contributes to the prevention of muscle, tendon and joint injuries.
  • Figures 4 to 6 illustrate, in a section relative to the longitudinal axis of the shoe, different embodiments of the structure of the outer sole 15 at the flexion zone 41.
  • the flexion zone 41 comprises a plurality of grooves t 40 oriented transversely and formed in the thickness of the outer sole 15, ie in its nominal thickness ep n .
  • the grooves 40 may be identical or of different shapes, and / or of identical or different depths and or of identical or different lengths.
  • This embodiment is particularly suitable for sports shoes which do not have any sculpture or crampon in this flexion zone 41, such as for example a football boot. Such a shoe will be described below with reference to FIG. 9.
  • the outer sole 15 has four grooves 40 forming four zones where the thickness of the outer sole ep a is less than the nominal thickness ep n at the level of this flexion zone 41 in the front part 12.
  • These four grooves 40 thus form four zones of initiation of flexion.
  • the number of transverse grooves is adaptable depending on the type of shoe and in particular the hardness of the sole.
  • this embodiment is particularly well suited for a football boot which does not have a random flexion zone at the level of the front part.
  • the structure of the sole 15 at the flexion zone 41 further comprises four transverse grooves 40 at which the thickness ep a of the outer sole 15 is less than its nominal thickness ep n , bands 42 in excess thickness (three bands are shown by way of example) positioned in interval with the transverse grooves 40. These bands 42 in excess thickness are in excess thickness compared to the nominal thickness ep n of the outer sole 15 at this flexion zone 41 of the front part 12. At the level of these strips 42 of excess material, the thickness of the sole ep c is greater than the nominal thickness ep n .
  • the bands 42 form gripping means, in the form of flexible and deformable longitudinal blades, participating in the overall gripping structure of the outer sole 15. As illustrated in Figures 2 and 3, these bands 42 in excess thickness extend in the same direction as the transverse grooves 40. In an identical manner to the transverse grooves 40, these bands 42 in excess thickness also follow the general orientation of the bending zone 41 and the transverse grooves 40 so that the bands 42 in overthickness are oriented with an angle between 0 and 30 ° relative to the transverse axis T.
  • the bands 42 in excess thickness are advantageously positioned obliquely with respect to the longitudinal axis L of the shoe.
  • the bands 42 in excess thickness are substantially rectilinear. They may also have a slight concavity as illustrated in FIGS. 2 and 3 while propagating along substantially in a rectilinear direction.
  • the strips 42 in excess thickness may be continuous on either side of the sole 10, discontinuous, or extending transversely over a portion or more portions of the outer sole 15.
  • the bands 42 in excess thickness participate in the overall structure of the attachment means of the outer sole 15 so that during the acceleration or braking phases, the particular structure of the outer sole 15 supplemented by the positioning of the bands 42 in excess thickness oriented transversely form like a "metatarsal crampon" improving braking, anchoring, propulsion and acceleration when the front part 12 of the shoe 100 hits the ground first.
  • the number of grooves 40 and the number of bands 42 in excess thickness is adaptable depending on the needs and the type of shoe to be produced.
  • the outer sole 15 has two transverse grooves 40 formed in the thickness of the outer sole 15.
  • the grooves 40 are positioned so as to border said flexion zone 41, and thus define two preferred primers at the periphery of the flexion zone 41 at which the thickness ep a of the outer sole 15 is less than the nominal thickness ep n of the outer sole 15.
  • the flexion zone 41 also includes bands 42 in excess thickness (three bands are shown by way of example) defining means for hooking the shoe.
  • the recesses 40a present between two adjacent strips 42 do not form grooves 40 as mentioned previously because the thickness of the outer sole at these recesses 40a is not reduced and corresponds to the thickness nominal ep n of the outer sole 15. At the level of these recesses 40a, there is therefore no creation of a preferred primer for producing a bend fold. These recesses 40a are therefore formed only by the presence of bands 42 in excess thickness spaced from one another.
  • transverse grooves 40 at the periphery of the bending zone 41 extend only over a portion of the outer sole 15, and advantageously on a part located near the outer part of the outer sole 15.
  • the grooves 40 create one or more primer (s) at the front part 12 of the outer sole 15 artificially reducing the hardness of the sole at this flexion zone 41 of so as to create a natural flexion of the shoe when walking in this flexion zone 41.
  • the reduction of the hardness of the sole 10 at the flexion zone 41 is achieved by the inclusion in the sole of an M2 material having different characteristics of the material M1 used for the rest of the sole 10 (ie for the rear part, the central part and the front part outside of the flexion zone 41).
  • This second material M2 can be introduced into the outer sole 15 as illustrated in FIG. 8, or even into the intermediate sole 16 (not shown), as soon as the hardness of the sole 10 at this flexion zone is decreased by at least 10%.
  • the material M2 is of the same nature as the material M1 and has a density lower than the material M1, typically a density lower than 10%. According to a second alternative embodiment of this second example, the material M2 is of a different nature from the material M1 and has a hardness lower than the material M1, typically a hardness less than 10%.
  • the invention also relates to a sports shoe with rigid cleats, such as a football, rugby shoe, etc., having rigid cleats (i.e. not deformable by hand) molded or to be screwed on.
  • rigid studs By rigid studs is meant studs which have a hardness greater than 20 shore D shore.
  • the studded shoe 200 comprises a sole 210 having, in an identical manner to the previous description, a midsole (not visible and an outsole 215).
  • the outer sole 215 includes a plurality of rigid studs 216 distributed between the front part 12 and the rear part 13 intended to come into contact with the ground.
  • the studs 216 are so-called “molded” studs and are therefore integral and produced during the molding of the outer sole 215.
  • these studs can be screwed studs in plastic or metallic material by ad hoc fixing means.
  • the crampons 216 are indifferently crampons of conical, cylindrical, lamellar shape or any other shape making it possible to ensure a grip on the ground.
  • the entire outer sole 215, here including the rigid studs 216 molded, is made of a material having a hardness equal to or greater than 80 Shore A or 30 Shore D.
  • the outer sole 215 is made of material plastic of the thermoplastic type or alternatively of thermosetting material optionally reinforced with fibers of the nylon, glass or carbon type, the outer sole 215 possibly being an overmolding or an assembly of several materials in order to obtain different mechanical properties at different locations on the sole 200 .
  • the front part 12 of the sole 210 has a plurality of transverse, oblique grooves 240 located in a flexion zone 241 which extends over part or on either side of the width of the sole 210 (ie between the inside and the outside of the sole 210) and which originates opposite or behind the necks of the heads of the metatarsals (advantageously up to 2 cm maximum behind depending on the type of shoe) and ends opposite or in front of the metatarsal heads (e advantageously up to 2 cm maximum in front depending on the type of shoe).
  • the grooves 240 extend transversely on either side of the outer sole 215, that is to say from the outside to the inside of the spike shoe 200.
  • the flexion zone 241 comprises several flexural primers at the level of the front part 12 of the outer sole 15 so as to reduce the hardness of the sole and thus create a sufficiently natural flexion of the shoe when walking or running in this flex zone 241.
  • transverse grooves 240 in a rigid sole makes it possible to artificially create a flexion zone with a reduced hardness perfectly localized in a defined zone of the anterior part which is generally completely absent on this kind of studded shoe, such as football boots for example with soles of rigid materials of the thermoplastic type.
  • the sports shoe according to the invention thus constitutes an elementary link in the prevention, protection and improvement of the sportsman's performance. It also has the following additional advantages:
  • the embodiments described above relate to a running and football shoe
  • the invention can also relate to shoes intended for the practice of other sports such as rugby, American football, baseball, golf, trail running, walking, hiking or other sports.

Abstract

The invention relates to a sole (10, 210) of a shoe (100, 200), extending in a longitudinal direction (L) representative of the main axis of the foot (P), and having an anterior part (12) that is able to receive the forefoot, a central part (13) that is able to receive the midfoot, and a posterior part (14) that is able to receive the heel, said sole (10, 210) having, in the anterior part (12), a preferred flexing zone (41) extending in an oblique direction (F) with respect to the main axis of the foot (P).

Description

DESCRIPTION  DESCRIPTION
TITRE DE L’INVENTION : TITLE OF THE INVENTION:
SEMELLE D’UNE CHAUSSURE PRESENTANT UNE ZONE DE FLEXION PRIVILEGIEE ET CHAUSSURE PRESENTANT UNE TELLE SEMELLE EXTERIEURE  SOLE OF A SHOE HAVING A PRIVILEGED FLEXION AREA AND SHOE HAVING SUCH AN OUTER SOLE
DOMAINE TECHNIQUE DE L’INVENTION TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
[0001 ] Le domaine de l’invention est celui des chaussures, notamment utilisées pour la pratique d’une activité physique, et notamment pour la pratique du sport qu’il soit urbain ou de plein air. The field of the invention is that of shoes, in particular used for the practice of physical activity, and in particular for the practice of sport whether urban or outdoor.
ETAT DE LA TECHNIQUE ANTERIEURE STATE OF THE PRIOR ART
[0002 ] Les activités sportives telles que la marche, la marche sportive, et la course à pied sont des activités pratiquées de manière régulière, voire quotidienne, pour certaines personnes. Cette activité occasionne des impacts répétés au niveau des pieds, impacts qui se transmettent aux articulations des étages supérieurs et qui sont connus pour favoriser à court, moyen ou long terme l’apparition de Troubles Musculo Squelettiques (TMS.) Sports activities such as walking, sports walking, and running are activities practiced regularly, even daily, for some people. This activity causes repeated impacts on the feet, impacts that are transmitted to the joints of the upper floors and which are known to promote short, medium or long term the appearance of Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDs).
[0003] Ces TMS peuvent aller d’une simple douleur à des blessures invalidantes comme les fractures de fatigue, une usure sévère des cartilages ou les tendinites, qui obligent la personne à diminuer, voire dans certains cas, stopper sa pratique. Ces troubles peuvent être soignés, mais conduisent à des récidives dans la majorité des cas. These MSDs can range from simple pain to debilitating injuries such as fatigue fractures, severe cartilage wear or tendonitis, which force the person to decrease, or in some cases, stop practicing. These disorders can be treated, but lead to recurrences in the majority of cases.
[0004 ] Pour limiter le risque d’apparition ou de récidive des TMS liés à la pratique sportive, il est impératif de contrôler le déroulé du pas afin de maintenir une cinématique du pied qui optimise le rendement et en limite les effets délétères (pics de pressions, vibrations, instabilités). Ce contrôle peut se faire de manière consciente, par un pratiquant éclairé, et il peut aussi être facilité par l’utilisation d’une chaussure adaptée. To limit the risk of onset or recurrence of MSDs related to sports, it is imperative to control the progress of the step in order to maintain a kinematics of the foot which optimizes the performance and limits the deleterious effects (peaks of pressures, vibrations, instabilities). This control can be done consciously, by an informed practitioner, and it can also be facilitated by the use of a suitable shoe.
[0005] Les chaussures constituent l’équipement principal du sportif (marche et course à pied), sont de plus en plus spécifiques à une pratique et à un sport. Elles doivent permettre de répondre à certains besoins liés à l’activité sportive, notamment en termes d’adhérence, de type d’impact et de mouvements attendus. Ainsi, par exemple, les fabricants privilégient une semelle plus amortissante pour une chaussure de course à pied sur terrain dur, ou une semelle et un enveloppé du pied plus raides pour une chaussure de randonnée sur terrain meuble. The shoes constitute the main equipment of the sportsman (walking and running), are more and more specific to a practice and a sport. They must make it possible to meet certain needs linked to the sporting activity, in particular in terms of grip, type of impact and expected movements. So, for example, manufacturers favor a more cushioning sole for a running shoe on hard ground, or a stiffer sole and wrapped foot for a hiking shoe on soft ground.
[0006] Bien que ces améliorations permettant d’améliorer le confort général du sportif ainsi que ses performances, toutes ces spécificités font souvent perdre de vue l’aspect physiologique et biomécanique fondamentale du pied. Although these improvements make it possible to improve the general comfort of the sportsman as well as his performance, all these specificities often make us lose sight of the fundamental physiological and biomechanical aspect of the foot.
[0007 ] En effet, au-delà de l’impact du talon, c’est toute la cinématique (ou déroulé) du pas qui est capitale et qui doit respecter certaines règles. Indeed, beyond the impact of the heel, it is the whole kinematics (or sequence) of the step which is essential and which must respect certain rules.
EXPOSE DE L’INVENTION STATEMENT OF THE INVENTION
[0008 ] Dans ce contexte, l’invention vise à proposer une semelle d’une chaussure, s’étendant selon une direction longitudinale (L) représentative de l’axe principal du pied (P), et présentant une partie antérieure apte à recevoir l’avant-pied, une partie centrale apte à recevoir le medio-pied et une partie postérieure apte à recevoir le talon, ladite semelle comportant au niveau de la partie antérieure une zone de flexion privilégiée s’étendant selon une direction oblique par rapport à l’axe principal du pied (P).  In this context, the invention aims to provide a sole of a shoe, extending in a longitudinal direction (L) representative of the main axis of the foot (P), and having a front part capable of receiving the forefoot, a central part capable of receiving the midfoot and a posterior part capable of receiving the heel, said sole comprising at the level of the front part a preferred flexion zone extending in an oblique direction relative to the main axis of the foot (P).
[0009] On entend par axe principal du pied (P), ou axe statique du pied, l’axe qui passe par le milieu du talon et par le milieu du deuxième orteil. The main axis of the foot (P), or static axis of the foot, means the axis which passes through the middle of the heel and through the middle of the second toe.
[0010 ] Ainsi, la semelle selon l’invention permet de respecter le mouvement de flexion du pied uniquement au niveau des cinq articulations métatarso-phalangiennes du pied et de contenir toute autre mobilisation articulaire du pied afin de limiter le risque de blessure en proposant la création d’une zone de flexion artificielle localisée au niveau de l’avant- pied. Thus, the sole according to the invention allows to respect the flexion movement of the foot only at the level of the five metatarsophalangeal joints of the foot and to contain any other articular mobilization of the foot in order to limit the risk of injury by proposing the creation of an artificial flexion zone located at the level of the forefoot.
[0011 ] Outre les caractéristiques évoquées dans le paragraphe précédent, la semelle extérieure selon l’invention peut présenter une ou plusieurs caractéristiques complémentaires parmi les suivantes, considérées individuellement ou selon toutes les combinaisons techniquement possibles : In addition to the characteristics mentioned in the previous paragraph, the outsole according to the invention may have one or more additional characteristics from the following, considered individually or in all technically possible combinations:
- la semelle comporte au niveau de la partie antérieure une pluralité de zones de flexion privilégiées s’étendant selon une direction oblique par rapport à l’axe principal du pied (P) ;  - the sole comprises at the front part a plurality of preferred flexion zones extending in an oblique direction relative to the main axis of the foot (P);
- ladite zone de flexion privilégiée est située au niveau de la partie antérieure recevant l’avant pied et en projection des têtes métatarso-phalangiennes du pied ; - ladite semelle présente, au niveau de la zone de flexion privilégiée, une dureté plus faible de 10% au moins par rapport au reste de ladite semelle ; - Said preferred flexion zone is located at the level of the anterior part receiving the forefoot and in projection of the metatarsophalangeal heads of the foot; - Said sole has, at the privileged flexion zone, a lower hardness of at least 10% compared to the rest of said sole;
- ladite zone de flexion privilégiée présente une hauteur, s’étendant selon la direction longitudinale (L), comprise entre 3 et 40 mm ;  - said preferred flexion zone has a height, extending in the longitudinal direction (L), between 3 and 40 mm;
ladite zone de flexion privilégiée est orientée suivant un axe de pli de flexion principal (F), lui-même orienté selon un angle de 105° ± 15° par rapport à l’axe principal du pied (P) ;  said preferred flexion zone is oriented along a main bending fold axis (F), itself oriented at an angle of 105 ° ± 15 ° relative to the main axis of the foot (P);
- ladite semelle présente, au niveau de la zone de flexion privilégiée, au moins une rainure orientée selon l’axe de pli de flexion principal (F) ;  - Said sole has, at the preferred bending zone, at least one groove oriented along the axis of the main bending fold (F);
- ladite semelle est réalisée dans un premier matériau et présente, au niveau de la zone de flexion privilégiée, une inclusion d’un deuxième matériau de même nature et présentant une densité inférieure à la densité du premier matériau utilisé pour le reste de la semelle ;  - Said sole is made of a first material and has, at the preferred flexion zone, an inclusion of a second material of the same kind and having a density less than the density of the first material used for the rest of the sole;
- le deuxième matériau présente une densité au moins 10% inférieure à la densité du premier matériau ;  - The second material has a density at least 10% lower than the density of the first material;
- ladite semelle est réalisée dans un premier matériau et présente, au niveau de la zone de flexion privilégiée, une inclusion d’un deuxième matériau de nature différente et présentant une dureté inférieure à la dureté du premier matériau utilisé pour le reste de la semelle ;  - Said sole is made of a first material and has, at the preferred flexion zone, an inclusion of a second material of a different nature and having a hardness less than the hardness of the first material used for the rest of the sole;
- le deuxième matériau présente une dureté au moins 10% inférieure à la dureté du premier matériau ;  - The second material has a hardness at least 10% lower than the hardness of the first material;
- ladite zone de flexion privilégiée est située à une distance comprise entre 60 et 75% de la longueur totale de la semelle à partir de son extrémité arrière ; - Said preferred flexion zone is located at a distance of between 60 and 75% of the total length of the sole from its rear end;
- ladite zone de flexion privilégiée s’étend sur une partie ou sur toute la largeur de la semelle; - said preferred flexion zone extends over part or the entire width of the sole;
- ladite semelle présente une bande en surépaisseur localisée au niveau d’une bordure de ladite zone de flexion privilégiée ou au niveau de deux bordures de ladite zone de flexion privilégiée ;  - Said sole has an extra thick strip located at the edge of said preferred flexion zone or at two edges of said preferred flexion zone;
- ladite bande en surépaisseur est orientée selon l’axe de pli de flexion principal (F), lui-même orienté selon un angle de 105° ± 15° par rapport à l’axe principal du pied (P) ; - ladite bande en surépaisseur forme un moyen d’accroche de la partie antérieure de la semelle extérieure ; - Said oversized strip is oriented along the main bending fold axis (F), itself oriented at an angle of 105 ° ± 15 ° relative to the main axis of the foot (P); - Said thickening strip forms a means of attachment of the front part of the outer sole;
- ladite semelle est une semelle souple à base d’élastomère ou une semelle rigide à base de matériaux thermoplastique ;  - said sole is a flexible sole based on elastomer or a rigid sole based on thermoplastic materials;
- ladite semelle comporte une semelle extérieure destiné à entre en contact avec le sol et une semelle intermédiaire, ladite zone de flexion privilégiée s’étendant selon une direction oblique par rapport à l’axe principal du pied (P) étant ménagé au niveau de ladite semelle extérieure. - Said sole has an outsole intended to come into contact with the ground and an intermediate sole, said preferred flexion zone extending in an oblique direction relative to the main axis of the foot (P) being formed at said level outsole.
[0012] L’invention a également pour objet une chaussure comportant une semelle selon l’invention. The invention also relates to a shoe comprising a sole according to the invention.
[0013] Avantageusement, la chaussure est une chaussure de marche, une chaussure de course à pied, une chaussure de sport, une chaussure de football ou une chaussure de rugby. Advantageously, the shoe is a walking shoe, a running shoe, a sports shoe, a football shoe or a rugby shoe.
[0014] L’invention et ses différentes applications seront mieux comprises à la lecture de la description qui suit et à l’examen des figures qui l’accompagnent. The invention and its different applications will be better understood on reading the description which follows and on examining the figures which accompany it.
BREVE DESCRIPTION DES FIGURES BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES
[0015] D’autres caractéristiques et avantages de l’invention ressortiront à la lecture de la description qui suit, en référence aux figures annexées, qui illustrent :  Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will emerge on reading the description which follows, with reference to the appended figures, which illustrate:
la figure 1 illustre une vue en coupe selon le plan médian d’une chaussure de sport selon l’invention ;  Figure 1 illustrates a sectional view along the median plane of a sports shoe according to the invention;
la figure 2 illustre une vue de dessous d’un premier exemple de réalisation d’une chaussure de sport comportant une semelle selon l’invention ;  Figure 2 illustrates a bottom view of a first embodiment of a sports shoe comprising a sole according to the invention;
la figure 3 illustre une vue de dessous d’un deuxième exemple de réalisation d’une chaussure de sport comportant une semelle selon l’invention ; la figure 4 représente une vue en coupe selon l’axe longitudinal de la chaussure d’un premier exemple de réalisation de la structure de la semelle extérieure selon l’invention au niveau de la zone de flexion ;  Figure 3 illustrates a bottom view of a second embodiment of a sports shoe having a sole according to the invention; Figure 4 shows a sectional view along the longitudinal axis of the shoe of a first embodiment of the structure of the outer sole according to the invention at the flexion zone;
la figure 5 représente une vue en coupe selon l’axe longitudinal de la chaussure d’un deuxième exemple de réalisation de la structure de la semelle extérieure selon l’invention au niveau de la zone de flexion ; la figure 6 représente une vue en coupe selon l’axe longitudinal de la chaussure d’un troisième exemple de réalisation de la structure de la semelle extérieure selon l’invention au niveau de la zone de flexion ; Figure 5 shows a sectional view along the longitudinal axis of the shoe of a second embodiment of the structure of the outer sole according to the invention at the flexion zone; Figure 6 shows a sectional view along the longitudinal axis of the shoe of a third embodiment of the structure of the outer sole according to the invention at the flexion zone;
la figure 7 représente une projection sur le pied de la zone de flexion ménagée au niveau de la semelle extérieure d’une chaussure de sport selon l’invention ; la figure 8 représente une vue en coupe selon l’axe longitudinal de la chaussure d’un quatrième exemple de réalisation de la structure de la semelle extérieure selon l’invention au niveau de la zone de flexion ;  FIG. 7 represents a projection on the foot of the flexion zone formed at the level of the outer sole of a sports shoe according to the invention; Figure 8 shows a sectional view along the longitudinal axis of the shoe of a fourth embodiment of the structure of the outer sole according to the invention at the flexion zone;
la figure 9 illustre une vue de dessous d’un troisième exemple de réalisation d’une chaussure de sport comportant un deuxième exemple de réalisation d’une semelle extérieure selon l’invention.  FIG. 9 illustrates a bottom view of a third embodiment of a sports shoe comprising a second embodiment of an outer sole according to the invention.
[0016] Pour plus de clarté, les éléments identiques ou similaires sont repérés par des signes de référence identiques sur l’ensemble des figures. For the sake of clarity, identical or similar elements are identified by identical reference signs in all of the figures.
DESCRIPTION DETAILLEE D’UN MODE DE REALISATION DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF AN EMBODIMENT
[0017 ] La figure 1 illustre une vue en coupe un exemple de réalisation d’une chaussure selon l’invention. La figure 2 illustre une vue de dessous d’un premier exemple de chaussure de sport comportant une semelle selon l’invention. La figure 3 illustre une vue de dessous d’un deuxième exemple de chaussure de sport comportant une semelle selon l’invention.  Figure 1 illustrates a sectional view of an exemplary embodiment of a shoe according to the invention. FIG. 2 illustrates a bottom view of a first example of a sports shoe comprising a sole according to the invention. FIG. 3 illustrates a bottom view of a second example of a sports shoe comprising a sole according to the invention.
[0018 ] On entend par plan médian le plan qui sépare la moitié gauche de la moitié droite du corps. On entend par plan sagittal un plan parallèle au plan médian.  Median plane means the plane which separates the left half of the right half of the body. By sagittal plane is meant a plane parallel to the median plane.
[0019] On entend par plan transverse un plan horizontal et donc perpendiculaire au plan médian et qui sépare le corps en une partie crâniale et une partie caudale.  By transverse plane is meant a horizontal plane and therefore perpendicular to the median plane and which separates the body into a cranial part and a caudal part.
[0020 ] On entend par plan frontal (ou coronal) un plan perpendiculaire au plan médian et au plan transverse et qui sépare le corps en une partie antérieure (ventrale) et une partie postérieure (dorsale).  By frontal (or coronal) plane is meant a plane perpendicular to the median plane and to the transverse plane and which separates the body into an anterior (ventral) part and a posterior (dorsal) part.
[0021 ] La figure 1 illustre un exemple de réalisation d’une chaussure 100 selon l’invention. Dans cet exemple de réalisation, la chaussure 100 est une chaussure de sport (sportwear en langue anglaise).  Figure 1 illustrates an exemplary embodiment of a shoe 100 according to the invention. In this exemplary embodiment, the shoe 100 is a sports shoe (sportwear in English).
[0022 ] De manière classique, et comme illustré à la figure 1 , la chaussure de sport 100 selon l’invention comporte une tige 20 délimitant un logement destiné à recevoir un pied (non représenté). La tige 20 est fermée en partie inférieure par une première de montage 30 (« mounting midsole » en langue anglaise) de manière à former un volume entier. Cette première de montage 30 peut présenter des caractéristiques d’amortissement et de confort. Elle est par exemple confectionnée au moyen de plusieurs pièces de cuir, de toile, de tissu par exemple en polyester et/ou en éthylène-acétate de vinyle (EVA), ou indifféremment de toute autre matière synthétique connue de l’homme du métier. Conventionally, and as illustrated in Figure 1, the sports shoe 100 according to the invention comprises a rod 20 defining a housing for receiving a foot (not shown). The rod 20 is closed in the lower part by a first assembly 30 (“mounting midsole” in English) so as to form an entire volume. This first assembly 30 can have damping and comfort characteristics. It is for example made by means of several pieces of leather, canvas, fabric for example polyester and / or ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA), or indifferently from any other synthetic material known to those skilled in the art.
[0023] La chaussure de sport 100 comporte également une semelle 10 sur laquelle la première de montage 30 est cousue ou encore collée. Selon le premier mode de réalisation illustré aux figures 1 à 3, la chaussure de sport 100 est une chaussure de marche, une chaussure de sport, ou encore une chaussure de course à pied présentant une semelle 10 relativement souple formée à base de matériaux mousseux et/ou déformables manuellement (typiquement un matériau présentant une dureté inférieure à 50 Shore A).  The sports shoe 100 also includes a sole 10 on which the first mounting 30 is sewn or glued. According to the first embodiment illustrated in FIGS. 1 to 3, the sports shoe 100 is a walking shoe, a sports shoe, or even a running shoe having a relatively flexible sole 10 formed from sparkling materials and / or manually deformable (typically a material having a hardness less than 50 Shore A).
[0024 ] La semelle 10 constitue la base de la chaussure de sport 100 et est destinée à être en contact avec le sol. La semelle 10 s’étend classiquement de l’avant jusqu’à l’arrière de la chaussure 100 selon un axe longitudinal (L) qui correspond à l’axe principal du pied The sole 10 constitutes the base of the sports shoe 100 and is intended to be in contact with the ground. The sole 10 conventionally extends from the front to the rear of the shoe 100 along a longitudinal axis (L) which corresponds to the main axis of the foot
(P)· (P) ·
[0025] La semelle 10 comporte trois parties distinctes remplissant chacune un rôle dans le maintien et le positionnement du pied dans la chaussure 100 :  The sole 10 has three separate parts, each fulfilling a role in maintaining and positioning the foot in the shoe 100:
- une première partie 12 située à l’avant de la chaussure permettant le soutien de l’avant-pied, dénommée par la suite partie antérieure 12 ;  - A first part 12 located at the front of the shoe allowing the support of the forefoot, hereinafter called the front part 12;
- une deuxième partie 13 située à l’arrière de la chaussure permettant le soutien du talon, dénommée par la suite partie postérieure 13, et ;  - A second part 13 located at the rear of the shoe allowing the support of the heel, hereinafter called the rear part 13, and;
- une troisième partie 14 située entre les deux autres assurant le soutien du médio-pied, dénommée par la suite partie centrale 14.  a third part 14 located between the two others providing support for the midfoot, hereinafter called the central part 14.
[0026] Chacune des parties 12, 13, 14 est définie et dimensionnée afin de former un profil plantaire global proposant un appui au pied le plus enveloppant possible et le plus proche possible du profil planaire du pied, préservant ainsi l’équilibre anatomique et biomécanique du sportif. Each of the parts 12, 13, 14 is defined and dimensioned in order to form an overall plantar profile providing support for the foot as enveloping as possible and as close as possible to the planar profile of the foot, thus preserving the anatomical and biomechanical balance. of the sportsman.
[0027 ] La semelle 10 est composée par l’association de plusieurs couches et/ou matériaux présentant des propriétés différentes (par exemple de dureté, d’amorti, etc) pouvant être localisés localement à différents endroits. The sole 10 is composed by the association of several layers and / or materials having different properties (for example of hardness, cushioning, etc.) which can be localized locally in different places.
[0028 ] Ainsi, la semelle 10 est composée d’une semelle extérieure 15 (« outsole » en langue anglaise), dite d’usure, destinée à être en contact avec le sol par exemple en une ou plusieurs couches d’éléments parmi la liste suivante : polyuréthane ; polyuréthane thermoplastique élastique, caoutchouc. Thus, the sole 10 is composed of an outer sole 15 ("outsole" in English), called wear, intended to be in contact with the ground for example in a or several layers of elements from the following list: polyurethane; elastic thermoplastic polyurethane, rubber.
[0029] La semelle extérieure 15 est avantageusement texturée et peut présenter des moyens favorisant l’accroche sur un terrain particulier comme par exemple des sculptures, crampons souples dont la forme et la géométrie peuvent varier en fonction du programme d’utilisation de la chaussure de sport 100. On définit par crampon, un élément, généralement une protubérance plus ou moins souple, garnissant la semelle extérieure de chaussures de sport afin d’assurer une meilleure adhérence sur le sol en fonction de la nature du sol. The outer sole 15 is advantageously textured and can have means favoring the grip on a particular ground such as for example sculptures, flexible spikes whose shape and geometry can vary according to the program of use of the shoe. sport 100. A crampon is defined as an element, generally a more or less flexible protuberance, lining the outer sole of sports shoes in order to ensure better grip on the ground depending on the nature of the soil.
[0030 ] La semelle 10 peut comporter également au moins un élément amortissant 17 pour amortir les chocs. L’élément amortissant 17 est généralement localisé au niveau de la partie postérieure 14 et/ou de la partie antérieure 12. L’élément amortissant 17 est par exemple réalisé dans un matériau parmi la liste suivante : air encapsulé, gel, polyuréthane thermoplastique (TPU) expansé, éthylène-acétate de vinyle (EVA) expansé, ou tout autre élastomère thermoplastique. The sole 10 may also include at least one damping element 17 to absorb shocks. The damping element 17 is generally located at the rear part 14 and / or the front part 12. The damping element 17 is for example made of a material from the following list: encapsulated air, gel, thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) ) expanded, expanded ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA), or any other thermoplastic elastomer.
[0031 ] La semelle 10 comporte également une semelle intermédiaire 16 (« midsole » en langue anglaise) sur laquelle la première de montage 30 est solidarisée. La semelle intermédiaire 16 joue un rôle important dans la stabilité générale du pied. Cette semelle intermédiaire 16 est composée par exemple de mousse(s) en EVA et/ou de mousse(s) en TPU dont les densités et les duretés peuvent varier en fonction des besoins. Cette semelle intermédiaire 16 peut également comporter des renforts structurants localisés en regard de l’arche interne du pied ou encore localisés du talon jusqu’à l’avant-pied. C’est également à l’intérieur de cette semelle intermédiaire 16 que sont localisées les différentes technologies d’amorti. The sole 10 also includes an intermediate sole 16 ("midsole" in English) on which the first mounting 30 is secured. The midsole 16 plays an important role in the general stability of the foot. This midsole 16 is composed for example of EVA foam (s) and / or TPU foam (s) whose densities and hardnesses can vary according to requirements. This midsole 16 may also include structural reinforcements located opposite the internal arch of the foot or even localized from the heel to the forefoot. It is also inside this midsole 16 that the different cushioning technologies are located.
[0032 ] La semelle 10 selon l’invention présente au niveau de sa partie antérieure 12, au moins une zone de flexion privilégiée 41 permettant de favoriser et de guider le pliage de la chaussure lors du déroulé du pied au niveau d’une zone particulière, choisie et prédéfinie de la partie antérieure 12 de la semelle 10. The sole 10 according to the invention has at its front part 12, at least one privileged flexion zone 41 to promote and guide the folding of the shoe during the unwinding of the foot at a particular area , selected and predefined from the front part 12 of the sole 10.
[0033] La zone de flexion privilégiée 41 s’étend selon une direction oblique par rapport à l’axe principal du pied (P). The preferred bending zone 41 extends in an oblique direction relative to the main axis of the foot (P).
[0034 ] La zone de flexion 41 s’étend longitudinalement selon une direction parallèle à une droite F formant un angle a de 105° ± 15° par rapport à l’axe principal du pied P, (i.e. selon un angle de 15° ± 15° par rapport à l’axe transverse T perpendiculaire l’axe principal P du pied) comme illustré à la figure 7. L’obliquité de la zone de flexion 41 est réalisée de manière à ce que le bord médial de la zone de flexion privilégiée 41 se retrouve plus en avant que le bord latéral de la zone de flexion privilégiée 41 , par rapport à l’axe principal (P) du pied. The bending zone 41 extends longitudinally in a direction parallel to a straight line F forming an angle a of 105 ° ± 15 ° relative to the main axis of the foot P, (ie at an angle of 15 ° ± 15 ° with respect to the transverse axis T perpendicular to the main axis P of the foot) as illustrated in FIG. 7. The obliquity of the flexion zone 41 is produced so that the medial edge of the preferred flexion zone 41 is found further forward than the lateral edge of the preferred flexion zone 41, with respect to the main axis (P) of the foot.
[0035] Cette zone de flexion 41 , située au niveau de la partie antérieure recevant l’avant pied et en projection des têtes métatarso-phalangiennes du pied, prend naissance en arrière des cols des têtes des métatarsiens (et avantageusement jusqu’à 2 cm maximum en arrière selon le type de chaussure) et se termine en avant des têtes métatarsiennes (et avantageusement jusqu’à 2 cm maximum en avant selon le type de chaussure). La zone de flexion 41 est orientée selon un axe de pli de flexion F oblique par rapport à l’axe longitudinal L de la chaussure 100, et étendue selon l’axe longitudinal L sur une hauteur comprise entre 3 et 40 mm. This flexion zone 41, located at the level of the anterior part receiving the forefoot and in projection of the metatarsophalangeal heads of the foot, originates behind the necks of the heads of the metatarsals (and advantageously up to 2 cm maximum back depending on the type of shoe) and ends in front of the metatarsal heads (and advantageously up to 2 cm maximum forward depending on the type of shoe). The flexion zone 41 is oriented along an axis of flexion fold F oblique to the longitudinal axis L of the shoe 100, and extended along the longitudinal axis L over a height of between 3 and 40 mm.
[0036] La zone de flexion 41 privilégiée est située à une distance comprise entre 60 et 70 % de la longueur totale de la semelle 10 par rapport à l’extrémité postérieure de la semelle 10. The preferred flexion zone 41 is located at a distance of between 60 and 70% of the total length of the sole 10 relative to the rear end of the sole 10.
[0037 ] La zone de flexion 41 privilégiée s’étend sur une partie ou toute la largeur de la semelle 10. The preferred flexion zone 41 extends over part or all of the width of the sole 10.
[0038 ] La figure 7 représente une projection sur le pied de cette zone de flexion 41 ménagée au niveau de la semelle 10 de la chaussure de sport 100. Comme illustré à la figure 7, cette zone de flexion 41 est choisie avantageusement et correspond à la zone de contact de l’ensemble des têtes métatarso-phalangiennes du pied. 7 shows a projection on the foot of this flexion zone 41 formed at the sole 10 of the sports shoe 100. As illustrated in FIG. 7, this flexion zone 41 is advantageously chosen and corresponds to the contact area of all the metatarsophalangeal heads of the foot.
[0039] L’obliquité de la zone de flexion 41 par rapport à l’axe longitudinal L est directement relative à la zone d’appui de l’arche antérieure du pied, i.e. selon une direction oblique qui s’oriente de l’avant vers l’arrière du pied et du bord médial vers le bord latéral du pied. The obliquity of the flexion zone 41 relative to the longitudinal axis L is directly relative to the support zone of the anterior arch of the foot, ie in an oblique direction which is oriented from the front towards the rear of the foot and from the medial edge to the lateral edge of the foot.
[0040 ] La semelle 10 présente au niveau de cette zone de flexion 41 une dureté plus faible que le reste de la semelle 10. Avantageusement, la dureté au niveau de cette zone de flexion 41 est au moins 10% inférieure à la dureté du reste de la semelle 10. The sole 10 has at this bending zone 41 a lower hardness than the rest of the sole 10. Advantageously, the hardness at this bending zone 41 is at least 10% lower than the hardness of the rest of the sole 10.
[0041 ] Selon un premier exemple de réalisation illustré aux figures 2 à 6, la zone de flexion privilégiée 41 est ménagée au niveau de la semelle extérieure 15. [ 0042 ] Dans ce premier exemple de réalisation, la semelle 10 selon l’invention présente dans sa structure, et plus particulièrement au niveau de la partie antérieure 12 de la semelle extérieure 15, au moins une rainure 40, et plus particulièrement une pluralité de rainures, orientée(s) obliquement par rapport à l’axe principal du pied (P). Les rainures 40 créent une amorce de la semelle 10, au sens mécanique du terme, permettant de favoriser et de guider le pliage de la chaussure lors du déroulement du pied au niveau d’une zone particulière privilégiée, choisie et prédéfinie de la partie antérieure 12. Typiquement, les rainures 40 sont localisées dans la zone, dite zone de flexion 41 , symbolisée par un rectangle en pointillés sur les figures 2 à 6. According to a first embodiment illustrated in Figures 2 to 6, the preferred flex area 41 is formed at the level of the outer sole 15. In this first embodiment, the sole 10 according to the invention has in its structure, and more particularly at the front part 12 of the outer sole 15, at least one groove 40, and more particularly a plurality of grooves, oriented obliquely to the main axis of the foot (P). The grooves 40 create an initiation of the sole 10, in the mechanical sense of the term, making it possible to promote and guide the folding of the shoe during the unfolding of the foot at a particular privileged, chosen and predefined area of the front part 12 Typically, the grooves 40 are located in the zone, called the flexion zone 41, symbolized by a dotted rectangle in FIGS. 2 to 6.
[ 0043 ] Les rainures 40 sont regroupées dans cette zone de flexion privilégiée 41 qui s’étend sur une partie ou de part et d’autre de la semelle 10 (i.e. entre l’intérieur et l’extérieur de la semelle 10). The grooves 40 are grouped in this privileged flexion zone 41 which extends over part or on either side of the sole 10 (i.e. between the inside and the outside of the sole 10).
[ 0044 ] Les rainures 40 ménagées dans cette zone de flexion 41 suivent également cette orientation générale de la zone de flexion 41 de sorte que les rainures 40 sont sensiblement orientées selon un angle a de 105° ± 15° par rapport à l’axe principal du pied P, (i.e. selon un angle de 15° ± 15° par rapport à l’axe transverse T perpendiculaire l’axe principal P du pied) comme illustré à la figure 7. The grooves 40 formed in this bending zone 41 also follow this general orientation of the bending zone 41 so that the grooves 40 are substantially oriented at an angle a of 105 ° ± 15 ° relative to the main axis of the foot P, (ie at an angle of 15 ° ± 15 ° relative to the transverse axis T perpendicular to the main axis P of the foot) as illustrated in FIG. 7.
[ 0045 ] Les rainures 40 sont avantageusement positionnées de manière oblique par rapport à un axe longitudinal L de la chaussure 100. Les rainures 40 sont sensiblement rectilignes. Elles peuvent également présenter une légère concavité comme illustré aux figures 2 et 3 tout en se propageant selon sensiblement transversalement selon une direction rectiligne. The grooves 40 are advantageously positioned obliquely relative to a longitudinal axis L of the shoe 100. The grooves 40 are substantially rectilinear. They may also have a slight concavity as illustrated in FIGS. 2 and 3 while propagating along substantially transversely in a rectilinear direction.
[ 0046 ] Les rainures 40 peuvent être continues de part et d’autre de la semelle 10, discontinues, s’étendant transversalement sur une ou plusieurs portion(s) de la semelle, etc. The grooves 40 may be continuous on either side of the sole 10, discontinuous, extending transversely over one or more portion (s) of the sole, etc.
[ 0047 ] Au niveau de cette zone de flexion 41 , la semelle extérieure 15 ne comporte pas d’élément en surépaisseur venant briser la ligne de fuite définie par les rainures 40, afin de ne pas perturber la ligne directrice de flexion de la semelle 10, dans la zone de flexion 41 et le long des rainures 40. At this flexion zone 41, the outer sole 15 does not have any additional element which breaks the line of flight defined by the grooves 40, so as not to disturb the flexion guideline of the sole 10 , in the bending zone 41 and along the grooves 40.
[ 0048 ] Cet aménagement des rainures 40 de la semelle extérieure 15 dans cette zone particulière de flexion 41 permet de guider le pliage de la chaussure lors du déroulement latéral de l’arche antérieure (par l’extérieure de la 5ième tête métatarsienne vers la 1 ière tête métatarsienne) lors de la marche et de la prise d’appui, comme un véritable rail de guidage. Ainsi, les rainures 40 ménagées au niveau de l’avant pied permettent d’optimiser la conduite du mouvement du déroulé du pas lors de la marche, ou de la course, de la manière la plus efficiente possible en minimisant la résistance de la chaussure lors du déroulé du pied. Ainsi, ces rainures 40 ont pour objectif d’améliorer les appuis et d’optimiser le déroulé du pied lors de la marche ou de la course à pied, et d’améliorer l’équilibre général du sportif avec une activité fonctionnelle plus sûre et plus économique. [0048] This arrangement of the grooves 40 of the outsole 15 in this particular area of flexure 41 allows to guide the bending of the shoe during the lateral flow from the anterior arch (by external of the 5 th metatarsal head to the 1 head st metatarsal) when walking and taking support, like a real guide rail. Thus, the grooves 40 formed at the level of the forefoot make it possible to optimize the control of the movement of the unrolled step when walking, or running, in the most efficient way possible while minimizing the resistance of the shoe during of the foot roll. Thus, these grooves 40 have the objective of improving the supports and optimizing the course of the foot during walking or running, and improving the general balance of the sportsman with a safer and more functional activity. economic.
[ 0049 ] Quelle que soit la structure de la semelle 10 autour de cette zone de flexion 41 , le pli de flexion de la chaussure 100 se réalise naturellement au niveau des rainures 40 ménagées dans l’épaisseur de la semelle, notamment par la création d’une ou de plusieurs zones privilégiées de flexion dans lesquelles l’épaisseur de la semelle 10, et notamment de la semelle extérieure d’usure 15 est plus faible. Whatever the structure of the sole 10 around this flexion zone 41, the flexion fold of the shoe 100 is produced naturally at the grooves 40 formed in the thickness of the sole, in particular by the creation of one or more preferred flex zones in which the thickness of the sole 10, and in particular of the outsole 15 is less.
[ 0050 ] Le demandeur a constaté que la chaussure selon l’invention permettait de libérer le muscle fléchisseur propre du gros orteil. En effet, il est fréquent que le muscle fléchisseur propre du gros orteil est utilisé à mauvais escient à cause d’une mauvaise position du pli de flexion de la chaussure qui est aléatoire ou défini par la structure des moyens d’accroche de la semelle extérieure d’usure sans réel contrôle. Alors que le muscle fléchisseur est censé servir essentiellement à la propulsion, il est souvent utilisé dans les chaussures de l’état de la technique pour lutter contre réversion du pied, i.e. comme stabilisateur latéral de l’articulation sous-talienne en suppléant les muscles inverseurs (muscles tibiales antérieur et postérieur). Ainsi, l’énergie dépensée pour stabiliser latéralement le pied dans le plan frontal ne sera donc pas employé pour avancer dans le plan sagittal et cela est délétère au niveau fonctionnel. A noter également que le degré d’inversion ou d’éversion et son maintien lors de la prise d’appui déterminent également les tensions nocives sur l’arche interne du pied lors de la marche, réduisant ainsi une désorganisation sus-jacente du squelette. The applicant has found that the shoe according to the invention made it possible to release the clean flexor muscle of the big toe. Indeed, it is frequent that the proper flexor muscle of the big toe is used improperly because of a bad position of the flexion of the shoe which is random or defined by the structure of the means of attachment of the outer sole. wear without real control. While the flexor muscle is supposed to be used primarily for propulsion, it is often used in prior art shoes to combat reversion of the foot, ie as a lateral stabilizer of the subtalar joint by replacing the inverting muscles. (anterior and posterior tibial muscles). Thus, the energy expended to stabilize the foot laterally in the frontal plane will therefore not be used to advance in the sagittal plane and this is deleterious at the functional level. It should also be noted that the degree of inversion or eversion and its maintenance when taking support also determine the harmful tensions on the internal arch of the foot during walking, thus reducing an overwhelming disorganization of the skeleton.
[ 0051 ] De manière générale, il a été constaté que la mobilité des métatarsiens n’est pas assez développée chez les sportifs d’aujourd’hui. Les chaussures de sport actuelles et de l’état de la technique ont une grande part de responsabilité dans ce manque de mobilité car elles ne permettent pas une déformation de l’arche intérieure du pied, rigidifiant progressivement cette zone. La correction du positionnement de l’articulation sous-talienne et le recentrage de la zone d’appui par la zone de flexion 41 de la chaussure au niveau de la tête des métatarsiens permettent de reformer progressivement l’organisation de l’avant pied et de garder sa physiologie lors de la pratique du sport, même durant une course à pied sur longue distance, telle qu’un marathon. In general, it has been found that the mobility of metatarsals is not sufficiently developed in today's athletes. Current and state-of-the-art sports shoes have a large share of responsibility for this lack of mobility because they do not allow deformation of the inner arch of the foot, gradually stiffening this area. The correction of the positioning of the subtalar joint and the refocusing of the support zone by the flexion zone 41 of the shoe at the level of the metatarsal head makes it possible to gradually reform the organization of the front and keep your physiology when practicing sport, even during a long distance run, such as a marathon.
[ 0052 ] La configuration architecturale étudiée des rainures 40 et donc du pli de flexion de l’avant pied de la chaussure 100 permet de respecter totalement la sollicitation du système suro-achilléo plantaire au cours de la marche et de la course à pied. Cela améliore considérablement la posture globale du sportif et contribue à la prévention des blessures musculaires, tendineuses et articulaires. The studied architectural configuration of the grooves 40 and therefore of the flexion fold of the forefoot of the shoe 100 makes it possible to fully comply with the stress of the supero-achilleo plantar system during walking and running. This greatly improves the overall posture of the athlete and contributes to the prevention of muscle, tendon and joint injuries.
[0053] Les figures 4 à 6 illustrent, selon une coupe par rapport à l’axe longitudinal de la chaussure, différents modes de réalisation de la structure de la semelle extérieure 15 au niveau de la zone de flexion 41 . Figures 4 to 6 illustrate, in a section relative to the longitudinal axis of the shoe, different embodiments of the structure of the outer sole 15 at the flexion zone 41.
[ 0054 ] Dans un premier mode de réalisation illustré à la figure 4, la zone de flexion 41 comporte une pluralité de rainures t 40 orientées transversalement et ménagées dans l’épaisseur de la semelle extérieure 15, i.e dans son épaisseur nominale epn. Les rainures 40 peuvent être identiques ou de formes différentes, et/ou de profondeurs identiques ou différentes et ou de longueurs identiques ou différentes. Ce mode de réalisation est particulièrement adapté pour des chaussures de sport ne présentant pas de sculpture ou de crampon dans cette zone de flexion 41 , comme par exemple une chaussure de football. Une telle chaussure sera décrite par la suite en référence à la figure 9. Ce mode de réalisation, la semelle extérieure 15 comporte quatre rainures 40 formant quatre zones où l’épaisseur de la semelle extérieure epa est inférieure à l’épaisseur nominale epn au niveau de cette zone de flexion 41 dans la partie antérieure 12. Ces quatre rainures 40 forment ainsi quatre zones d’amorce de flexion. Bien entendu, le nombre de rainures transversales est adaptable en fonction du type de chaussure et notamment de la dureté de la semelle. Ainsi, pour une chaussure de football ne présentant une zone de flexion aléatoire au niveau de la partie antérieure, ce mode de réalisation est particulièrement bien adapté. In a first embodiment illustrated in Figure 4, the flexion zone 41 comprises a plurality of grooves t 40 oriented transversely and formed in the thickness of the outer sole 15, ie in its nominal thickness ep n . The grooves 40 may be identical or of different shapes, and / or of identical or different depths and or of identical or different lengths. This embodiment is particularly suitable for sports shoes which do not have any sculpture or crampon in this flexion zone 41, such as for example a football boot. Such a shoe will be described below with reference to FIG. 9. This embodiment, the outer sole 15 has four grooves 40 forming four zones where the thickness of the outer sole ep a is less than the nominal thickness ep n at the level of this flexion zone 41 in the front part 12. These four grooves 40 thus form four zones of initiation of flexion. Of course, the number of transverse grooves is adaptable depending on the type of shoe and in particular the hardness of the sole. Thus, for a football boot which does not have a random flexion zone at the level of the front part, this embodiment is particularly well suited.
[ 0055 ] Selon un second mode de réalisation illustré à la figure 5, la structure de la semelle 15 au niveau de la zone de flexion 41 comporte, en outre des quatre rainures transversales 40 au niveau desquelles l’épaisseur epa de la semelle extérieure 15 est inférieure à son épaisseur nominale epn, des bandes 42 en surépaisseur (trois bandes sont représentées à titre d’exemple) positionnées en intervalle avec les rainures transversales 40. Ces bandes 42 en surépaisseur sont en surépaisseur par rapport à l’épaisseur nominale epn de la semelle extérieure 15 au niveau de cette zone de flexion 41 de la partie antérieure 12. Au niveau de ces bandes 42 de matière en surépaisseur, l’épaisseur de la semelle epc est supérieure à l’épaisseur nomine epn. According to a second embodiment illustrated in Figure 5, the structure of the sole 15 at the flexion zone 41 further comprises four transverse grooves 40 at which the thickness ep a of the outer sole 15 is less than its nominal thickness ep n , bands 42 in excess thickness (three bands are shown by way of example) positioned in interval with the transverse grooves 40. These bands 42 in excess thickness are in excess thickness compared to the nominal thickness ep n of the outer sole 15 at this flexion zone 41 of the front part 12. At the level of these strips 42 of excess material, the thickness of the sole ep c is greater than the nominal thickness ep n .
[0056] Les bandes 42 forment des moyens d’accroche, sous la forme de lames longitudinales souples et déformables, participant à la structure globale d’accroche de la semelle extérieure 15. Comme illustré aux figures 2 et 3, ces bandes 42 en surépaisseur s’étendent selon la même direction que les rainures transversales 40. De manière identique aux rainures transversales 40, ces bandes 42 en surépaisseur suivent également l’orientation générale de la zone de flexion 41 et des rainures transversales 40 de sorte que les bandes 42 en surépaisseur sont orientées avec un angle compris entre 0 et 30° par rapport à l’axe transverse T. The bands 42 form gripping means, in the form of flexible and deformable longitudinal blades, participating in the overall gripping structure of the outer sole 15. As illustrated in Figures 2 and 3, these bands 42 in excess thickness extend in the same direction as the transverse grooves 40. In an identical manner to the transverse grooves 40, these bands 42 in excess thickness also follow the general orientation of the bending zone 41 and the transverse grooves 40 so that the bands 42 in overthickness are oriented with an angle between 0 and 30 ° relative to the transverse axis T.
[0057 ] Les bandes 42 en surépaisseur sont avantageusement positionnées de manière oblique par rapport à l’axe longitudinal L de la chaussure. Les bandes 42 en surépaisseur sont sensiblement rectilignes. Elles peuvent également présenter une légère concavité comme illustré aux figures 2 et 3 tout en se propageant selon sensiblement selon une direction rectiligne. The bands 42 in excess thickness are advantageously positioned obliquely with respect to the longitudinal axis L of the shoe. The bands 42 in excess thickness are substantially rectilinear. They may also have a slight concavity as illustrated in FIGS. 2 and 3 while propagating along substantially in a rectilinear direction.
[0058 ] Les bandes 42 en surépaisseur peuvent être continues de part et d’autre de la semelle 10, discontinues, ou s’étendant transversalement sur une portion ou plusieurs portions de la semelle extérieure 15. The strips 42 in excess thickness may be continuous on either side of the sole 10, discontinuous, or extending transversely over a portion or more portions of the outer sole 15.
[0059] Les bandes 42 en surépaisseur participent à la structure globale des moyens d’accroche de la semelle extérieure 15 de sorte que lors des phases d’accélération ou de freinage, la structure particulière de la semelle extérieure 15 complétée par le positionnement des bandes 42 en surépaisseur orientées transversalement forment comme un « cramponnage métatarsien » améliorant le freinage, l’ancrage, la propulsion et l’accélération lorsque la partie antérieure 12 de la chaussure 100 touche le sol en premier. The bands 42 in excess thickness participate in the overall structure of the attachment means of the outer sole 15 so that during the acceleration or braking phases, the particular structure of the outer sole 15 supplemented by the positioning of the bands 42 in excess thickness oriented transversely form like a "metatarsal crampon" improving braking, anchoring, propulsion and acceleration when the front part 12 of the shoe 100 hits the ground first.
[0060 ] Bien entendu, le nombre de rainures 40 et le nombre de bandes 42 en surépaisseur est adaptable en fonction des besoins et du type de chaussure à réaliser. Of course, the number of grooves 40 and the number of bands 42 in excess thickness is adaptable depending on the needs and the type of shoe to be produced.
[0061 ] Selon un troisième mode de réalisation illustré à la figure 6, la semelle extérieure 15 comporte deux rainures 40 transversales ménagées dans l’épaisseur de la semelle extérieure 15. Les rainures 40 sont positionnées de manière à border ladite zone de flexion 41 , et définissent ainsi deux amorces privilégiées en périphérie de la zone de flexion 41 au niveau desquelles l’épaisseur epa de la semelle extérieure 15 est inférieure à l’épaisseur nominale epn de la semelle extérieure 15. De manière identique au mode de réalisation précédent, la zone de flexion 41 comporte également des bandes 42 en surépaisseur (trois bandes sont représentées à titre d’exemple) définissant des moyens d’accroche de la chaussure. Toutefois, dans ce mode de réalisation, les renfoncements 40a présents entre deux bandes 42 adjacentes ne forment pas rainures 40 comme mentionnées précédemment car l’épaisseur de la semelle extérieure au niveau de ces renfoncements 40a n’est pas diminuée et correspond à l’épaisseur nominale epn de la semelle extérieure 15. Au niveau de ces renfoncements 40a, il n’y a donc pas de création d’amorce privilégiée pour réaliser un pli de flexion. Ces renfoncements 40a sont donc formés uniquement par la présence des bandes 42 en surépaisseur espacées les unes des autres. According to a third embodiment illustrated in FIG. 6, the outer sole 15 has two transverse grooves 40 formed in the thickness of the outer sole 15. The grooves 40 are positioned so as to border said flexion zone 41, and thus define two preferred primers at the periphery of the flexion zone 41 at which the thickness ep a of the outer sole 15 is less than the nominal thickness ep n of the outer sole 15. In an identical manner to the mode of previous embodiment, the flexion zone 41 also includes bands 42 in excess thickness (three bands are shown by way of example) defining means for hooking the shoe. However, in this embodiment, the recesses 40a present between two adjacent strips 42 do not form grooves 40 as mentioned previously because the thickness of the outer sole at these recesses 40a is not reduced and corresponds to the thickness nominal ep n of the outer sole 15. At the level of these recesses 40a, there is therefore no creation of a preferred primer for producing a bend fold. These recesses 40a are therefore formed only by the presence of bands 42 in excess thickness spaced from one another.
[0062] Ce mode de réalisation est particulièrement représenté notamment à la figure 2 et à la figure 3. Dans le mode de réalisation représenté à la figure 2, les rainures transversales 40 à la périphérie de la zone de flexion 41 s’étendent uniquement sur une portion de la semelle extérieure 15, et avantageusement sur une partie localisée à proximité de la partie externe de la semelle extérieure 15. This embodiment is particularly shown in particular in Figure 2 and in Figure 3. In the embodiment shown in Figure 2, the transverse grooves 40 at the periphery of the bending zone 41 extend only over a portion of the outer sole 15, and advantageously on a part located near the outer part of the outer sole 15.
[0063] Quel que soit le mode de réalisation, les rainures 40 créent une ou plusieurs amorce(s) au niveau de la partie antérieure 12 de la semelle extérieure 15 diminuant artificiellement la dureté de la semelle au niveau de cette zone de flexion 41 de manière à créer une flexion naturelle de la chaussure lors de la marche dans cette zone de flexion 41 . Whatever the embodiment, the grooves 40 create one or more primer (s) at the front part 12 of the outer sole 15 artificially reducing the hardness of the sole at this flexion zone 41 of so as to create a natural flexion of the shoe when walking in this flexion zone 41.
[0064] Selon un deuxième exemple de réalisation illustré à la figure 8, la diminution de la dureté de la semelle 10 au niveau de la zone de flexion 41 est réalisé par l’inclusion dans la semelle d’un matériau M2 présentant des caractéristiques différentes du matériau M1 utilisé pour le reste de la semelle 10 (i.e pour la partie postérieure, la partie centrale et la partie antérieure en dehors de la zone de flexion 41 ). According to a second embodiment illustrated in Figure 8, the reduction of the hardness of the sole 10 at the flexion zone 41 is achieved by the inclusion in the sole of an M2 material having different characteristics of the material M1 used for the rest of the sole 10 (ie for the rear part, the central part and the front part outside of the flexion zone 41).
[0065] Ce deuxième matériau M2 peut être introduit dans la semelle extérieure 15 comme illustré à la figure 8, ou encore dans la semelle intermédiaire 16 (non représenté), dès lors que la dureté de la semelle 10 au niveau de cette zone de flexion est diminué au moins de 10%. This second material M2 can be introduced into the outer sole 15 as illustrated in FIG. 8, or even into the intermediate sole 16 (not shown), as soon as the hardness of the sole 10 at this flexion zone is decreased by at least 10%.
[0066] Selon une première variante de réalisation de ce deuxième exemple, le matériau M2 est de même nature que le matériau M1 et présente une densité inférieure au matériau M1 , typiquement une densité inférieure de 10%. [0067 ] Selon une deuxième variante de réalisation de ce deuxième exemple, le matériau M2 est de nature différente du matériau M1 et présente une dureté inférieure au matériau M1 , typiquement une dureté inférieure de 10%. According to a first alternative embodiment of this second example, the material M2 is of the same nature as the material M1 and has a density lower than the material M1, typically a density lower than 10%. According to a second alternative embodiment of this second example, the material M2 is of a different nature from the material M1 and has a hardness lower than the material M1, typically a hardness less than 10%.
[0068 ] L’invention a également pour objet une chaussure de sport à crampons rigides, telle qu’une chaussure de football, de rugby, etc, présentant des crampons rigides (i.e. non déformable à la main) moulés ou à visser. The invention also relates to a sports shoe with rigid cleats, such as a football, rugby shoe, etc., having rigid cleats (i.e. not deformable by hand) molded or to be screwed on.
[0069] On entend par crampons rigides des crampons qui présentent une dureté supérieure à 20 shore D shore. By rigid studs is meant studs which have a hardness greater than 20 shore D shore.
[0070 ] On se référera par exemple au document FR2945917 et FR2967874 pour une description complète d’une telle chaussure à crampons. Reference is made, for example, to document FR2945917 and FR2967874 for a complete description of such a studded shoe.
[0071 ] Les caractéristiques décrites précédemment pour une chaussure de marche ou de running en référence aux figures 1 à 8 restent applicables pour une chaussure à crampons. The characteristics described above for a walking or running shoe with reference to Figures 1 to 8 remain applicable for a studded shoe.
[0072 ] Selon l’exemple de réalisation illustré à la figure 9, la chaussure à crampons 200 comporte une semelle 210 présentant, de manière identique à la description précédente, une semelle intermédiaire (non visible et une semelle extérieure 215). According to the embodiment illustrated in Figure 9, the studded shoe 200 comprises a sole 210 having, in an identical manner to the previous description, a midsole (not visible and an outsole 215).
[0073] La semelle extérieure 215 comporte une pluralité de crampons rigides 216 repartis entre la partie antérieure 12 et la partie postérieure 13 destinés à venir en contact avec le sol. Dans le mode de réalisation de l’invention illustré à la figure 9, les crampons 216 sont des crampons dits « moulés » et sont donc solidaires et réalisés lors du moulage de la semelle extérieure 215. En variante, ces crampons peuvent être des crampons vissés en matière plastique ou métallique par des moyens ad hoc de fixation. Les crampons 216 sont indifféremment des crampons de forme conique, cylindrique, lamellaire ou toute autre forme permettant d’assurer une adhérence sur le sol. The outer sole 215 includes a plurality of rigid studs 216 distributed between the front part 12 and the rear part 13 intended to come into contact with the ground. In the embodiment of the invention illustrated in FIG. 9, the studs 216 are so-called “molded” studs and are therefore integral and produced during the molding of the outer sole 215. As a variant, these studs can be screwed studs in plastic or metallic material by ad hoc fixing means. The crampons 216 are indifferently crampons of conical, cylindrical, lamellar shape or any other shape making it possible to ensure a grip on the ground.
[0074 ] L’ensemble de la semelle extérieure 215, incluant ici les crampons rigides 216 moulés, est réalisé dans un matériau présentant une dureté égale ou supérieure à 80 Shore A ou 30 Shore D. Typiquement, la semelle extérieure 215 est réalisée en matière plastique de type thermoplastique ou encore en matériau thermodurcissable renforcée éventuellement par des fibres de type nylon, verre ou carbone, la semelle extérieure 215 pouvant être un surmoulage ou un assemblage de plusieurs matériaux afin d’obtenir différentes propriétés mécaniques à différents endroits de la semelle 200. [0075] La partie antérieure 12 de la semelle 210 présente une pluralité de rainures 240 transversales, obliques localisées dans une zone de flexion 241 qui s’étend sur une partie ou de part et d’autre de la largeur de la semelle 210 (i.e. entre l’intérieur et l’extérieur de la semelle 210) et qui prend naissance en regard ou en arrière des cols des têtes des métatarsiens (avantageusement jusqu’à 2 cm maximum en arrière selon le type de chaussure) et se termine en en regard ou en avant des têtes métatarsiennes (e avantageusement jusqu’à 2 cm maximum en avant selon le type de chaussure). The entire outer sole 215, here including the rigid studs 216 molded, is made of a material having a hardness equal to or greater than 80 Shore A or 30 Shore D. Typically, the outer sole 215 is made of material plastic of the thermoplastic type or alternatively of thermosetting material optionally reinforced with fibers of the nylon, glass or carbon type, the outer sole 215 possibly being an overmolding or an assembly of several materials in order to obtain different mechanical properties at different locations on the sole 200 . The front part 12 of the sole 210 has a plurality of transverse, oblique grooves 240 located in a flexion zone 241 which extends over part or on either side of the width of the sole 210 (ie between the inside and the outside of the sole 210) and which originates opposite or behind the necks of the heads of the metatarsals (advantageously up to 2 cm maximum behind depending on the type of shoe) and ends opposite or in front of the metatarsal heads (e advantageously up to 2 cm maximum in front depending on the type of shoe).
[0076] Dans le mode de réalisation représenté à la figure 9, les rainures 240 s’étendent transversalement de part et d’autre de la semelle extérieure 215, c’est-à-dire de l’extérieur vers l’intérieur de la chaussure à crampons 200. In the embodiment shown in Figure 9, the grooves 240 extend transversely on either side of the outer sole 215, that is to say from the outside to the inside of the spike shoe 200.
[0077] Ce mode de réalisation est illustré particulièrement à la figure 4 décrite précédemment. This embodiment is illustrated in particular in Figure 4 described above.
[0078] Ainsi, dans ce mode de réalisation, la zone de flexion 241 comporte plusieurs amorces de flexion au niveau de la partie antérieure 12 de la semelle extérieure 15 de manière diminuer la dureté de la semelle et ainsi créer une flexion suffisamment naturelle de la chaussure lors de la marche ou la course dans cette zone de flexion 241 . Thus, in this embodiment, the flexion zone 241 comprises several flexural primers at the level of the front part 12 of the outer sole 15 so as to reduce the hardness of the sole and thus create a sufficiently natural flexion of the shoe when walking or running in this flex zone 241.
[0079] La réalisation de telles rainures transversales 240 dans une semelle rigide, réalisée en matière plastique, permet de créer artificiellement une zone de flexion avec une dureté diminuée parfaitement localisée au niveau d’une zone définie de la partie antérieure qui est généralement totalement absente sur ce genre de chaussure à crampons, telles que des chaussures de football par exemple avec des semelles en matières rigides de type thermoplastique. The realization of such transverse grooves 240 in a rigid sole, made of plastic, makes it possible to artificially create a flexion zone with a reduced hardness perfectly localized in a defined zone of the anterior part which is generally completely absent on this kind of studded shoe, such as football boots for example with soles of rigid materials of the thermoplastic type.
[0080] La chaussure de sport selon l’invention constitue ainsi un maillon élémentaire dans la prévention, la protection, et l’amélioration des performances du sportif. Elle présente en outre les avantages additionnels suivants : The sports shoe according to the invention thus constitutes an elementary link in the prevention, protection and improvement of the sportsman's performance. It also has the following additional advantages:
- limitation des risques de blessure ; - limitation of the risk of injury;
- protection et lutte contre les douleurs mécaniques et physiologiques ;  - protection and fight against mechanical and physiological pain;
- préservation de la biomécanique des membres inférieurs, du bassin, et du dos ; - preservation of the biomechanics of the lower limbs, pelvis, and back;
- amélioration du système veineux de l’effort ; - improvement of the venous effort system;
- amélioration du drainage veineux plantaire et des membres inférieurs favorisant l’élimination des toxines ;  - improvement of plantar venous drainage and lower limbs favoring the elimination of toxins;
- amélioration de la performance ; - amélioration et respect des trois arches et des trois piliers d’appui du pied ; - performance improvement; - improvement and respect for the three arches and the three pillars supporting the foot;
- amélioration du confort.  - improved comfort.
[0081] Il va de soi que d’autres modes de réalisation peuvent être envisagés, sans sortir du cadre de l’invention, celle-ci n’étant nullement limitée aux exemples décrits et représentés. It goes without saying that other embodiments can be envisaged, without departing from the scope of the invention, the latter being in no way limited to the examples described and shown.
[0082] Notamment, bien que les modes de réalisation précédemment décrits portent sur une chaussure de course à bien et de football, l’invention peut concerner également des chaussures prévues pour la pratique d’autres sports tels que le rugby, le football américain, le baseball, le golf, le trail, la marche, la randonnée ou d’autres sports. In particular, although the embodiments described above relate to a running and football shoe, the invention can also relate to shoes intended for the practice of other sports such as rugby, American football, baseball, golf, trail running, walking, hiking or other sports.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1. Semelle (10, 210) d’une chaussure (100, 200), s’étendant selon une direction longitudinale (L) représentative de l’axe principal du pied (P), et présentant une partie antérieure (12) apte à recevoir l’avant-pied, une partie centrale (13) apte à recevoir le medio-pied et une partie postérieure (14) apte à recevoir le talon, ladite semelle (10, 210) comportant au niveau de la partie antérieure (12) une zone de flexion privilégiée (41 ) s’étendant selon une direction oblique (F) par rapport à l’axe principal du pied1. Sole (10, 210) of a shoe (100, 200), extending in a longitudinal direction (L) representative of the main axis of the foot (P), and having a front part (12) capable of receiving the forefoot, a central part (13) capable of receiving the midfoot and a rear part (14) capable of receiving the heel, said sole (10, 210) comprising at the level of the front part (12) a preferred flexion zone (41) extending in an oblique direction (F) relative to the main axis of the foot
(P)· (P) ·
2. Semelle (10, 210) selon la revendication précédente caractérisée en ce que ladite semelle (10, 210) comporte au niveau de la partie antérieure (12) une pluralité de zones de flexion privilégiées (41 ) s’étendant selon une direction oblique (F) par rapport à l’axe principal du pied (P). 2. Sole (10, 210) according to the preceding claim, characterized in that said sole (10, 210) comprises at the level of the front part (12) a plurality of preferred flexion zones (41) extending in an oblique direction (F) relative to the main axis of the foot (P).
3. Semelle (10, 210) selon l’une des revendications précédentes caractérisée en ce que ladite zone de flexion privilégiée (41 ) est située au niveau de la partie antérieure (12) recevant l’avant pied et en projection des têtes métatarso-phalangiennes du pied. 3. Sole (10, 210) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that said preferred flexion zone (41) is located at the level of the front part (12) receiving the forefoot and in projection of the metatarsal heads. phalangeal of the foot.
4. Semelle (10, 210) selon l’une des revendications précédentes caractérisée en ce que ladite semelle (10, 210) présente, au niveau de la zone de flexion privilégiée (41 ), une dureté plus faible de 10% au moins par rapport au reste de ladite semelle. 4. Sole (10, 210) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that said sole (10, 210) has, at the preferred flexion zone (41), a lower hardness of at least 10% by compared to the rest of said sole.
5. Semelle (10, 210) selon l’une des revendications précédentes caractérisée en ce que ladite zone de flexion privilégiée (41 ) présente une hauteur, s’étendant selon la direction longitudinale (L), comprise entre 3 et 40 mm. 5. Sole (10, 210) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that said preferred flexion zone (41) has a height, extending in the longitudinal direction (L), between 3 and 40 mm.
6. Semelle (10, 210) selon l’une des revendications précédentes caractérisée en ce que ladite zone de flexion privilégiée (41 ) est orientée suivant un axe de pli de flexion (F), lui-même orienté d’un angle a de 105° ± 15° par rapport à l’axe principal du pied (P). 6. Sole (10, 210) according to one of the preceding claims characterized in that said preferred flexion zone (41) is oriented along a bending fold axis (F), itself oriented by an angle a of 105 ° ± 15 ° from the main axis of the foot (P).
7. Semelle (10, 210) selon l’une des revendications précédentes caractérisée en ce que ladite semelle Ί 0, 210) présente, au niveau de la zone de flexion privilégiée (41 ), au moins une rainure (40) orientée selon l’axe de pli de flexion (F). 7. Sole (10, 210) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that said sole Ί 0, 210) has, at the level of the preferred flexion zone (41), at least one groove (40) oriented along the 'bend fold axis (F).
8. Semelle (10, 210) selon l’une des revendications 1 à 7 caractérisée en ce que ladite semelle (10, 210) est réalisée dans un premier matériau (M1 ) et présente, au niveau de la zone de flexion privilégiée (41 ), une inclusion d’un deuxième matériau (M2) de même nature et présentant une densité inférieure à la densité du premier matériau (M1 ) utilisé pour le reste de la semelle (10, 210). 8. Sole (10, 210) according to one of claims 1 to 7 characterized in that said sole (10, 210) is made of a first material (M1) and has, at the level of the preferred flexion zone (41 ), an inclusion of a second material (M2) of same nature and having a density lower than the density of the first material (M1) used for the rest of the sole (10, 210).
9. Semelle (10, 210) selon la revendication 8 caractérisée en ce que le deuxième matériau (M2) présente une densité au moins 10% inférieure à la densité du premier matériau (M1 ). 9. Sole (10, 210) according to claim 8 characterized in that the second material (M2) has a density at least 10% lower than the density of the first material (M1).
10. Semelle (10, 210) selon l’une des revendications 1 à 7 caractérisée en ce que ladite semelle (10, 210) est réalisée dans un premier matériau (M1 ) et présente, au niveau de la zone de flexion privilégiée (41 ), une inclusion d’un deuxième matériau (M2) de nature différente et présentant une dureté inférieure à la dureté du premier matériau (M1 ) utilisé pour le reste de la semelle (10, 210). 10. Sole (10, 210) according to one of claims 1 to 7 characterized in that said sole (10, 210) is made of a first material (M1) and has, at the level of the preferred flexion zone (41 ), an inclusion of a second material (M2) of a different nature and having a hardness lower than the hardness of the first material (M1) used for the rest of the sole (10, 210).
1 1 . Semelle (10, 210) selon la revendication 10 caractérisée en ce que le deuxième matériau (M2) présente une dureté au moins 10% inférieure à la dureté du premier matériau (M1 ). 1 1. Sole (10, 210) according to claim 10 characterized in that the second material (M2) has a hardness at least 10% lower than the hardness of the first material (M1).
12. Semelle (10, 210) selon l’une des revendications précédentes caractérisée en ce que ladite zone de flexion privilégiée (41 ) est située à une distance comprise entre 60 et 75 % de la longueur totale de la semelle (10, 210) à partir de son extrémité arrière. 12. Sole (10, 210) according to one of the preceding claims characterized in that said preferred flexion zone (41) is located at a distance between 60 and 75% of the total length of the sole (10, 210) from its rear end.
13. Semelle (10, 210) selon l’une des revendications précédentes caractérisée en ce que ladite zone de flexion privilégiée (41 ) s’étend sur une partie ou sur toute la largeur de la semelle (10, 210). 13. Sole (10, 210) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that said preferred flexion zone (41) extends over part or the entire width of the sole (10, 210).
14. Semelle (10, 210) selon l’une des revendications précédentes caractérisée en ce que ladite semelle (1 à, 210) présente une bande en surépaisseur (42) localisée au niveau d’une bordure de ladite zone de flexion privilégiée (41 ) ou au niveau de deux bordures de ladite zone de flexion privilégiée (41 ). 14. Sole (10, 210) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that said sole (1 to, 210) has an extra thickness strip (42) located at the edge of said preferred flexion zone (41 ) or at two edges of said preferred bending zone (41).
15. Semelle (10, 210) selon l’une des revendications précédentes caractérisée en ce que ladite bande en surépaisseur (42) est orientée selon un axe de pli de flexion (F), lui- même orienté d’un angle de 105° ± 15° par rapport à l’axe principal du pied (P). 15. Sole (10, 210) according to one of the preceding claims characterized in that said extra thickness strip (42) is oriented along a bending fold axis (F), itself oriented by an angle of 105 ° ± 15 ° from the main axis of the foot (P).
16. Semelle (10, 210) selon l’une des revendications précédentes caractérisée en ce que ladite bande en surépaisseur (42) forme un moyen d’accroche de la partie antérieure (12) de la semelle extérieure (10, 210). 16. Sole (10, 210) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that said extra-thick strip (42) forms a means for hooking the front part (12) of the outer sole (10, 210).
17. Semelle (10, 210) selon l’une des revendications précédentes caractérisée en ce que ladite semelle (10, 210) est une semelle souple à base d’élastomère ou une semelle rigide à base de matériaux thermoplastique. 17. Sole (10, 210) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that said sole (10, 210) is a flexible sole based on elastomer or a rigid sole based on thermoplastic materials.
18. Semelle (10, 210) selon l’une des revendications précédentes caractérisée en ce que ladite semelle (10, 210) comporte une semelle extérieure (15) destiné à entre en contact avec le sol et une semelle intermédiaire (16), ladite zone de flexion privilégiée (41 ) s’étendant selon une direction oblique (F) par rapport à l’axe principal du pied (P) étant ménagé au niveau de ladite semelle extérieure (15). 18. Sole (10, 210) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that said sole (10, 210) comprises an outer sole (15) intended to come into contact with the ground and an intermediate sole (16), said sole privileged flexion zone (41) extending in an oblique direction (F) relative to the main axis of the foot (P) being formed at said outer sole (15).
19. Chaussure (100, 200) caractérisée en ce qu’elle comporte une semelle (10, 210) selon l’une des revendications 1 à 18. 19. Shoe (100, 200) characterized in that it comprises a sole (10, 210) according to one of claims 1 to 18.
20. Chaussure (100, 200) selon la revendication 19 caractérisée en ce que ladite chaussure est une chaussure de sport, ou une chaussure de course à pied, ou une chaussure de football ou une chaussure de rugby. 20. Shoe (100, 200) according to claim 19 characterized in that said shoe is a sports shoe, or a running shoe, or a football shoe or a rugby shoe.
EP19805201.1A 2018-11-12 2019-11-12 Sole of a shoe having a preferred flexing zone, and shoe having such an outer sole Pending EP3880023A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1860441A FR3088176B1 (en) 2018-11-12 2018-11-12 SOLE OF A SHOE PRESENTING A PRIVILEGED ZONE OF FLEXION AND SHOE PRESENTING SUCH OUTSOLE
PCT/EP2019/081075 WO2020099439A1 (en) 2018-11-12 2019-11-12 Sole of a shoe having a preferred flexing zone, and shoe having such an outer sole

Publications (1)

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EP3880023A1 true EP3880023A1 (en) 2021-09-22

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EP (1) EP3880023A1 (en)
FR (1) FR3088176B1 (en)
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US20220000210A1 (en) 2022-01-06
FR3088176B1 (en) 2021-02-12
FR3088176A1 (en) 2020-05-15
WO2020099439A1 (en) 2020-05-22

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