EP2645386B1 - Relay with improved insulating properties - Google Patents

Relay with improved insulating properties Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2645386B1
EP2645386B1 EP13161363.0A EP13161363A EP2645386B1 EP 2645386 B1 EP2645386 B1 EP 2645386B1 EP 13161363 A EP13161363 A EP 13161363A EP 2645386 B1 EP2645386 B1 EP 2645386B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
contact
switch
relay
spring
armature
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EP13161363.0A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2645386A1 (en
Inventor
Ralf Hoffmann
Jens Heinrich
Christian Müller
Olaf Abel
Thomas Kühne
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Phoenix Contact GmbH and Co KG
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Phoenix Contact GmbH and Co KG
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Publication of EP2645386A1 publication Critical patent/EP2645386A1/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H51/00—Electromagnetic relays
    • H01H51/22—Polarised relays
    • H01H51/2272—Polarised relays comprising rockable armature, rocking movement around central axis parallel to the main plane of the armature
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00—Contacts
    • H01H1/50—Means for increasing contact pressure, preventing vibration of contacts, holding contacts together after engagement, or biasing contacts to the open position
    • H01H1/54—Means for increasing contact pressure, preventing vibration of contacts, holding contacts together after engagement, or biasing contacts to the open position by magnetic force

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an electromagnetic relay with a solenoid system, an armature, a first and a second switch on opposite sides of the relay.
  • Relays of this type are known ( US 4,703,293 . US 6,107,903 . DE 100 84 279 T1 ) and comprise a solenoid system having at least one coil, a coil core, and two pole pieces defining two opposing relay sides.
  • the relay housing has fixed contacts of the switches on the opposite relay sides.
  • the movable contacts of the switches sit at the end of contact springs and are supported by an isolation platform, which is part of a movable block to which the anchor belongs.
  • Each of the contact springs leads to a center terminal, which are each electrically connected to pins.
  • the isolation distance between the respective contact spring and armature or pole piece is not very long, so that the known relays are only suitable for low voltages of eg below 60 volts.
  • the invention has for its object to provide an electromagnetic relay, which is not only suitable for low voltages with the smallest possible space and high sensitivity. With appropriate design increased insulation should be achieved. Furthermore, the closing force of the relay should be increased electrodynamically.
  • the electromagnetic relay includes a solenoid system having at least one coil, a coil core, and two pole pieces defining first and second opposing relay sides.
  • the solenoid system is associated with an armature having an insulating anchor block as a carrier of a contact spring.
  • This contact spring belongs to a first switch, which is arranged on the first relay side and acts as a load switch and normally-open contact switch.
  • the contact spring is shaped according to a return loop to form in the opposite direction current-carrying conductor sections which are connected on the one hand to a load pin and on the other hand to a movable contact which cooperates with a fixed contact, which is connected to a further load pin.
  • the Contacts of the first switch are arranged in an insulating chamber which is surrounded by insulating walls of a carrier component, a housing cap and the insulating anchor block.
  • a second switch On the second relay side, a second switch is still provided, which has a second contact spring with a movable contact to make or break the electrical connection between two diagnostic pins.
  • the second switch is a normally closed contact switch and useful as a diagnostic switch for detecting the switch position of the armature.
  • the design of the diagnostic switch may be similar to that of the circuit breaker, but it is also possible to use other switch designs.
  • the second contact spring with movable contact may be formed as an armature attached to the contact bridge, which cooperates with fixed contacts, which are connected to the pins of the diagnostic switch.
  • the support member may include an insulating hood that separates the moving space of the armature from the insulating chamber of the first switch.
  • electrical currents must travel long creepage distances and creepage distances of more than half the relay length until they reach metallic parts. As a result, such leakage currents are prevented.
  • the first contact spring has a contact spring leg, a return spring leg and a leg, which form a current loop with sections through which flows in the opposite direction, resulting in electrodynamic forces develop in the closing direction of the first switch.
  • the contact pressure of the contacts is increased to each other, so that a good power transition with protection of the contacts is made possible.
  • the short circuit is, as usual, terminated by a contactor, which is arranged in the course of the short circuit line.
  • the relay according to the invention can be designed as polarized relay.
  • a permanent magnet which is arranged between the pole shoes of the electromagnetic system. It is expedient to combine a coil assembly of a wound on a support body coil, a core and pole pieces and to form a pole assembly with pole pieces and the permanent magnet. This facilitates the installation of the relay.
  • the electromagnetic relay is composed of a magnetic system and a switch system, which are held together and protected by housing parts.
  • the magnet system comprises an electromagnet with coil 1, ferromagnetic core 2, ferromagnetic pole shoes 3, 4 and pole pieces 7, 8.
  • the coil 1 is wound on a carrier body 5 and forms together with the ferromagnetic core 2 and the ferromagnetic pole pieces 3 and 4, a coil assembly 10.
  • the magnet system also includes the pole pieces 7, 8 as magnetic flux parts, a permanent magnet 11 and an armature 12.
  • the permanent magnet 11 may be designed as a three-pole magnet with a middle part as a ferromagnetic bearing piece, but it is also possible to use a short two-pole magnet.
  • Permanent magnet to be used which is joined between a ferromagnetic bearing piece (not shown) for the armature 12 and one of the poles 7 or 8, wherein between the bearing piece and the other pole 8 or 7 is a magnetic flux interruption.
  • a pole assembly of the pole pieces, the permanent magnet and the bearing piece can be formed.
  • the relay includes a first switch or load switch 20 and a second switch or diagnostic switch 30 disposed on opposite sides of the relay.
  • the switch 20 has a fixed contact 21 and a movable contact 23 which is fixedly connected to a contact spring 24 having a contact spring leg 24a, a return spring leg 24b and a fixed leg 24c.
  • the legs 24a and 24b are connected to each other via a 180 ° bend and thus form a return current loop with in the opposite direction Sections.
  • the leg 24a of the contact spring 24 has a lateral tab 24d (FIG. Fig.
  • the 90 ° transition between the legs 24b and 24c is recessed to have a test access to the movable contact 23.
  • the leg 24c has a downwardly extending extension, with which it is connected to a first load pin 43.
  • the fixed contact 21 is connected to a fixed contact carrier 25 which is fixed in the carrier body 5, for example by encapsulation in plastic.
  • the fixed contact carrier 25 is in turn in a conductive connection with a second load terminal pin 44.
  • the second switch 30 is similar to the first switch and has a fixed contact 31 and a movable contact 33 which is attached to a contact spring 34, which is preferably secured to the anchor 12 insulating.
  • the movable contact 33 includes two contact bodies which are attached to associated spring tabs of the contact spring 34.
  • the contact spring 34 has three legs, a spring contact leg 34a, a return spring leg 34b and a fixed leg 34c, which form a current loop with sections through which flows in the opposite direction.
  • the festive 34c is with a first diagnostic pin 45 connected.
  • the fixed contact 31 is seated on a fixed contact carrier 35, which is anchored in the carrier body 5 and is in electrically conductive communication with a second diagnostic connection pin 46.
  • the second switch 30 is formed with two fixed contacts and a movable, acting as a bridge contact (not shown).
  • the fixed contacts can be designed to be resilient.
  • the second switch 30 is used as a diagnostic switch for detecting the switch position of the armature.
  • the contact spring 24 is connected via the lateral tab 24d to the insulating block 13 and thus to the armature 12 in order to follow its movements.
  • the insulating block 13 has a recess 14 to the side of the switch 20 to form a space for an insulating hood 15, which is fastened to the insulating support body 5.
  • the armature 12 and with it the insulating block 13 moves to close the switch 20 or 30, then the legs of the armature 12 and the insulating block 13 adjacent to the hood 15 do not hit the insulating hood 15. It thus remains Distance along the surface of the insulating hood 15 free, which is sufficiently long to To prevent leakage currents from the switch 20 to the solenoid system.
  • the insulating carrier body 5 has two legs, in which the respective fixed contact carriers 25 and 35 of the switches 20 and 30 are fixed, and a connecting piece between the legs of the carrier body, which forms a bobbin for receiving the coil 1.
  • the coil 1, the core 2 and the pole pieces 3 and 4 together form a coil assembly 10 which is held together by the carrier body 5.
  • the pole pieces 7, 8 together with the permanent magnet 11, a pole assembly which is disposed between the pole pieces 3, 4 above the coil 1.
  • the central region of the permanent magnet, or an extra bearing, form the support bearing for the armature 12.
  • the support body 5 together with the coil assembly 10 and the pole assembly is inserted with the interposition of coil connection leads in a housing space of a base housing 40, after the ends of the coil connecting leads with the Coil terminal pins 41, 42 have been connected. All pins 41 to 46 protrude from the underside of the base housing 40.
  • a housing cap 50 is placed on the mounted relay so that a chamber is created around the switch 20, whose walls are made of insulating material. These insulating walls consist of parts of the carrier body 5, the hood 15, the insulating block 13 and parts of the inner wall of the housing cap 50.
  • the relay is in Fig. 2 and 3 in a middle position of the armature 12 has been shown.
  • the sense of the design of the contact spring 24 with the 180 ° bend is to form a return current loop with traversed in the opposite direction sections, so that when energized relay and closed load switch 20 additionally develop electrodynamic forces in the closing direction of the load switch 20. These forces in the closing direction are especially large when a short-circuit current occurs via the load switch 20, so that good contact pressure of the switch contacts 21, 23 is achieved. This prevents the opening of the contacts 21, 23 in the event of a short circuit and thus the destruction of the contacts 21, 23 due to opening sparks.
  • the short circuit is, as usual, interrupted by a contactor.

Description

Gebiet der ErfindungField of the invention

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf ein elektromagnetisches Relais mit einem Elektromagnetsystem, einem Anker, einem ersten und einem zweiten Schalter an entgegengesetzten Seiten des Relais.The invention relates to an electromagnetic relay with a solenoid system, an armature, a first and a second switch on opposite sides of the relay.

Hintergrund der ErfindungBackground of the invention

Relais dieser Art sind bekannt ( US 4,703,293 , US 6,107,903 , DE 100 84 279 T1 ) und umfassen ein Elektromagnetsystem mit wenigstens einer Spule, einem Spulenkern und zwei Polschuhen, die zwei sich gegenüberstehende Relaisseiten definieren. Das Relaisgehäuse weist an den sich gegenüberstehenden Relaisseiten Festkontakte der Schalter auf. Die beweglichen Kontakte der Schalter sitzen am Ende von Kontaktfedern und werden von einer Isolationsplattform getragen, die Teil eines beweglichen Blockes ist, dem auch der Anker angehört. Jede der Kontaktfedern führt zu einem Mittelanschluss, die jeweils mit Anschlussstiften elektrisch verbunden sind. Die Isolationsstrecke zwischen jeweiliger Kontaktfeder und Anker bzw. Polschuh ist nicht sehr lang, so dass die bekannten Relais nur für geringe Spannungen von z.B. unterhalb 60 Volt geeignet sind.Relays of this type are known ( US 4,703,293 . US 6,107,903 . DE 100 84 279 T1 ) and comprise a solenoid system having at least one coil, a coil core, and two pole pieces defining two opposing relay sides. The relay housing has fixed contacts of the switches on the opposite relay sides. The movable contacts of the switches sit at the end of contact springs and are supported by an isolation platform, which is part of a movable block to which the anchor belongs. Each of the contact springs leads to a center terminal, which are each electrically connected to pins. The isolation distance between the respective contact spring and armature or pole piece is not very long, so that the known relays are only suitable for low voltages of eg below 60 volts.

Zur Erhöhung der Kontaktkraft im Falle von Kurzschlüssen ist es bei Relais bekannt ( DE 42 16 080 A1 , WO 93/23863 und WO 93/23866 ), eine sich über die Länge des Relais erstreckende Kontaktfeder anzuwenden, zu der ein sich parallel erstreckender Federträger angeordnet ist, wobei Kontaktfeder und Federträger in Gegenrichtung stromdurchflossen sind. Die sich dabei entwickelnden elektrodynamischen Kräfte können zu größerer Schließkraft des Relais ausgenutzt werden, was im Falle von Kurzschlüssen nützlich ist.To increase the contact force in the case of short circuits, it is known in relays ( DE 42 16 080 A1 . WO 93/23863 and WO 93/23866 ) to apply over the length of the relay extending contact spring to which a parallel extending spring carrier is arranged, wherein Contact spring and spring carrier are flowed through in the opposite direction. The developing electrodynamic forces can be exploited to greater closing force of the relay, which is useful in the case of short circuits.

Allgemeine Beschreibung der ErfindungGeneral description of the invention

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein elektromagnetisches Relais anzugeben, das mit kleinstmöglichem Bauraum und hoher Empfindlichkeit nicht nur für Niederspannungen geeignet ist. Bei entsprechender Bauart soll erhöhte Isolation erreicht werden. Ferner soll die Schließkraft des Relais elektrodynamisch erhöht werden.The invention has for its object to provide an electromagnetic relay, which is not only suitable for low voltages with the smallest possible space and high sensitivity. With appropriate design increased insulation should be achieved. Furthermore, the closing force of the relay should be increased electrodynamically.

Die Aufgabe der Erfindung wird durch den Gegenstand des unabhängigen Anspruchs gelöst. Vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen der Erfindung sind in den Unteransprüchen definiert.The object of the invention is achieved by the subject matter of the independent claim. Advantageous developments of the invention are defined in the subclaims.

Das elektromagnetische Relais umfasst ein Elektromagnetsystem mit wenigstens einer Spule, einem Spulenkern und zwei Polschuhen, die eine erste und eine zweite sich gegenüberstehende Relaisseiten definieren. Dem Elektromagnetsystem ist ein Anker zugeordnet, der einen isolierenden Ankerblock als Träger einer Kontaktfeder aufweist. Diese Kontaktfeder gehört einem ersten Schalter an, der an der ersten Relaisseite angeordnet ist und als Lastschalter und Arbeitskontaktschalter fungiert. Die Kontaktfeder ist gemäß einer Rückkehrschleife geformt, um in Gegenrichtung stromdurchflossene Leiterabschnitte zu bilden, die einerseits mit einem Lastanschlussstift und andererseits mit einem beweglichen Kontakt verbunden sind, der mit einem Festkontakt zusammen arbeitet, welcher mit einem weiteren Lastanschlussstift verbunden ist. Die Kontakte des ersten Schalters sind in einer isolierenden Kammer angeordnet, die von isolierenden Wänden eines Trägerbauteils, einer Gehäusekappe und des isolierenden Ankerblockes umgeben ist.The electromagnetic relay includes a solenoid system having at least one coil, a coil core, and two pole pieces defining first and second opposing relay sides. The solenoid system is associated with an armature having an insulating anchor block as a carrier of a contact spring. This contact spring belongs to a first switch, which is arranged on the first relay side and acts as a load switch and normally-open contact switch. The contact spring is shaped according to a return loop to form in the opposite direction current-carrying conductor sections which are connected on the one hand to a load pin and on the other hand to a movable contact which cooperates with a fixed contact, which is connected to a further load pin. The Contacts of the first switch are arranged in an insulating chamber which is surrounded by insulating walls of a carrier component, a housing cap and the insulating anchor block.

An der zweiten Relaisseite ist noch ein zweiter Schalter vorgesehen, der eine zweite Kontaktfeder mit einem beweglichen Kontakt aufweist, um die elektrische Verbindung zwischen zwei Diagnoseanschlussstiften herzustellen oder zu unterbrechen. Der zweite Schalter ist ein Ruhekontaktschalter und als Diagnoseschalter zur Feststellung der Schaltstellung des Ankers nützlich. Die Bauweise des Diagnoseschalters kann gleichartig zu der des Lastschalters sein, es ist aber auch möglich, andere Schalterkonstruktionen anzuwenden. So kann die zweite Kontaktfeder mit beweglichem Kontakt als am Anker angebrachte Kontaktbrücke ausgebildet sein, die mit Festkontakten zusammenarbeitet, welche mit den Anschlussstiften des Diagnoseschalters verbunden sind.On the second relay side, a second switch is still provided, which has a second contact spring with a movable contact to make or break the electrical connection between two diagnostic pins. The second switch is a normally closed contact switch and useful as a diagnostic switch for detecting the switch position of the armature. The design of the diagnostic switch may be similar to that of the circuit breaker, but it is also possible to use other switch designs. Thus, the second contact spring with movable contact may be formed as an armature attached to the contact bridge, which cooperates with fixed contacts, which are connected to the pins of the diagnostic switch.

Das Trägerbauteil kann eine isolierende Haube aufweisen, die den Bewegungsraum des Ankers von der isolierenden Kammer des ersten Schalters trennt. Bei dieser Ausbildung der isolierenden Kammer müssen elektrische Ströme lange Luft- und Kriechstrecken mit mehr als die Hälfte der Relaislänge zurücklegen, bis sie zu metallischen Teilen gelangen. Dadurch werden solche Kriechströme unterbunden.The support member may include an insulating hood that separates the moving space of the armature from the insulating chamber of the first switch. In this embodiment of the insulating chamber, electrical currents must travel long creepage distances and creepage distances of more than half the relay length until they reach metallic parts. As a result, such leakage currents are prevented.

Gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung weist die erste Kontaktfeder einen Kontaktfederschenkel, einen Rückstellfederschenkel und einen Festschenkel auf, die eine Stromschleife mit in Gegenrichtung durchflossenen Abschnitten bilden, wodurch sich elektrodynamische Kräfte in Schließrichtung des ersten Schalters entwickeln. Insbesondere bei Kurzschlussströmen ist die Anpresskraft der Kontakte aufeinander erhöht, so dass ein guter Stromübergang mit Schonung der Kontakte ermöglicht wird. Der Kurzschluss wird, wie üblich, durch ein Schaltschütz beendet, das im Zuge der Kurzschlussleitung angeordnet ist.According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the first contact spring has a contact spring leg, a return spring leg and a leg, which form a current loop with sections through which flows in the opposite direction, resulting in electrodynamic forces develop in the closing direction of the first switch. Especially with short-circuit currents, the contact pressure of the contacts is increased to each other, so that a good power transition with protection of the contacts is made possible. The short circuit is, as usual, terminated by a contactor, which is arranged in the course of the short circuit line.

Das erfindungsgemäße Relais kann als gepoltes Relais konzipiert werden. Hierzu gibt es einen Permanentmagneten, der zwischen den Polschuhen des Elektromagnetsystems angeordnet ist. Es ist zweckmäßig, eine Spulenbaugruppe aus einer auf einem Trägerkörper gewickelten Spule, einem Kern und Polschuhen zusammenzufassen und eine Polbaugruppe mit Polstücken und dem Permanentmagneten zu bilden. Dies erleichtert die Montage des Relais.The relay according to the invention can be designed as polarized relay. For this purpose there is a permanent magnet which is arranged between the pole shoes of the electromagnetic system. It is expedient to combine a coil assembly of a wound on a support body coil, a core and pole pieces and to form a pole assembly with pole pieces and the permanent magnet. This facilitates the installation of the relay.

Weitere Einzelheiten der Erfindung ergeben sich aus der nachfolgenden Beschreibung eines Ausführungsbeispiels sowie aus den Ansprüchen.Further details of the invention will become apparent from the following description of an embodiment and from the claims.

Kurzbeschreibung der FigurenBrief description of the figures

Es zeigen:

Fig. 1
eine perspektivische Darstellung des Relais bei abgezogener Gehäusekappe,
Fig. 2
eine Seitenansicht des Relais in einer Mittelstellung,
Fig. 3
einen Längsschnitt durch das Relais und
Fig. 4
eine Explosionsdarstellung des Relais.
Show it:
Fig. 1
a perspective view of the relay with removed housing cap,
Fig. 2
a side view of the relay in a middle position,
Fig. 3
a longitudinal section through the relay and
Fig. 4
an exploded view of the relay.

Detaillierte Beschreibung der ErfindungDetailed description of the invention

Das elektromagnetische Relais ist aus einem Magnetsystem und einem Schaltersystem aufgebaut, die durch Gehäuseteile zusammengehalten und geschützt werden. Das Magnetsystem umfasst einen Elektromagneten mit Spule 1, ferromagnetischem Kern 2, ferromagnetischen Polschuhen 3, 4 und Polstücken 7, 8. Die Spule 1 ist auf einen Trägerkörper 5 gewickelt und bildet zusammen mit dem ferromagnetischen Kern 2 und den ferromagnetischen Polschuhen 3 und 4 eine Spulenbaugruppe 10. Zu dem Magnetsystem gehören noch die Polstücke 7, 8 als Magnetflussteile, ein Permanentmagnet 11 und ein Anker 12. Der Permanentmagnet 11 kann als Dreipol-Magnet mit einem Mittelteil als ferromagnetisches Lagerstück ausgebildet sein, es ist jedoch auch möglich, einen kurzen Zweipol-Permanentmagneten zu verwenden, der zwischen einem ferromagnetischen Lagerstück (nicht dargestellt) für den Anker 12 und einem der Pole 7 oder 8 gefügt ist, wobei zwischen dem Lagerstück und dem anderen Pol 8 oder 7 eine Magnetflussunterbrechung liegt. In beiden Fällen kann eine Polbaugruppe aus den Polstücken, dem Permanentmagneten und dem Lagerstück gebildet werden.The electromagnetic relay is composed of a magnetic system and a switch system, which are held together and protected by housing parts. The magnet system comprises an electromagnet with coil 1, ferromagnetic core 2, ferromagnetic pole shoes 3, 4 and pole pieces 7, 8. The coil 1 is wound on a carrier body 5 and forms together with the ferromagnetic core 2 and the ferromagnetic pole pieces 3 and 4, a coil assembly 10. The magnet system also includes the pole pieces 7, 8 as magnetic flux parts, a permanent magnet 11 and an armature 12. The permanent magnet 11 may be designed as a three-pole magnet with a middle part as a ferromagnetic bearing piece, but it is also possible to use a short two-pole magnet. Permanent magnet to be used, which is joined between a ferromagnetic bearing piece (not shown) for the armature 12 and one of the poles 7 or 8, wherein between the bearing piece and the other pole 8 or 7 is a magnetic flux interruption. In both cases, a pole assembly of the pole pieces, the permanent magnet and the bearing piece can be formed.

Das Relais umfasst einen ersten Schalter oder Lastschalter 20 und einen zweiten Schalter oder Diagnoseschalter 30, die an sich gegenüberliegenden Seiten des Relais angeordnet sind. Der Schalter 20 weist einen Festkontakt 21 und einen beweglichen Kontakt 23 auf, der fest mit einer Kontaktfeder 24 verbunden ist, die einen Kontaktfederschenkel 24a, einen Rückstellfederschenkel 24b und einen Festschenkel 24c aufweist. Die Schenkel 24a und 24b sind über eine 180°-Biegung miteinander verbunden und bilden so eine Rückkehrstromschleife mit in Gegenrichtung durchflossenen Abschnitten. Der Schenkel 24a der Kontaktfeder 24 weist einen seitlichen Lappen 24d (Fig. 1) auf, der in einem Schlitz eines isolierenden Blockes 13 des Ankers 12 eingreift, um die Kontaktfeder 24 entsprechend der Bewegung des Ankers 12 mitzuführen und den beweglichen Kontakt 23 mit kurzem Federarm auf den Festkontakt 21 zu drücken. Die Kontaktfeder 24 ist somit einerseits an dem isolierenden Block 13 des Ankers 12 und andererseits mit dem Schenkel 24c am Trägerkörper 5 befestigt.The relay includes a first switch or load switch 20 and a second switch or diagnostic switch 30 disposed on opposite sides of the relay. The switch 20 has a fixed contact 21 and a movable contact 23 which is fixedly connected to a contact spring 24 having a contact spring leg 24a, a return spring leg 24b and a fixed leg 24c. The legs 24a and 24b are connected to each other via a 180 ° bend and thus form a return current loop with in the opposite direction Sections. The leg 24a of the contact spring 24 has a lateral tab 24d (FIG. Fig. 1 ), which engages in a slot of an insulating block 13 of the armature 12 to carry the contact spring 24 in accordance with the movement of the armature 12 and to press the movable contact 23 with a short spring arm on the fixed contact 21. The contact spring 24 is thus fixed on the one hand to the insulating block 13 of the armature 12 and on the other hand with the leg 24c on the support body 5.

Wie aus den Figuren 1 und 4 hervorgeht, ist der 90°-Übergang zwischen den Schenkeln 24b und 24c ausgespart, um einen Prüfzugang zu dem beweglichen Kontakt 23 zu haben. Der Schenkel 24c weist einen nach unten reichenden Fortsatz auf, mit dem er mit einem ersten Lastanschlussstift 43 verbunden ist. Der Festkontakt 21 ist mit einem Festkontaktträger 25 verbunden, der in dem Trägerkörper 5 befestigt ist, beispielsweise durch Umspritzen in Kunststoff. Der Festkontaktträger 25 steht wiederum mit einem zweiten Lastanschlussstift 44 in leitender Verbindung.Like from the FIGS. 1 and 4 As can be seen, the 90 ° transition between the legs 24b and 24c is recessed to have a test access to the movable contact 23. The leg 24c has a downwardly extending extension, with which it is connected to a first load pin 43. The fixed contact 21 is connected to a fixed contact carrier 25 which is fixed in the carrier body 5, for example by encapsulation in plastic. The fixed contact carrier 25 is in turn in a conductive connection with a second load terminal pin 44.

Der zweite Schalter 30 ist gleichartig zum ersten Schalter ausgebildet und weist einen Festkontakt 31 und einen beweglichen Kontakt 33 auf, der an einer Kontaktfeder 34 angebracht ist, die vorzugsweise isolierend am Anker 12 befestigt ist. Der bewegliche Kontakt 33 enthält zwei Kontaktkörper, die an zugeordneten Federlappen der Kontaktfeder 34 angebracht sind. Die Kontaktfeder 34 weist drei Schenkel, einen Federkontaktschenkel 34a, einen Rückstellfederschenkel 34b und einen Festschenkel 34c auf, die eine Stromschleife mit in Gegenrichtung durchflossenen Abschnitten bilden. Der Festschenkel 34c ist mit einem ersten Diagnoseanschlussstift 45 verbunden. Der Festkontakt 31 sitzt auf einem Festkontaktträger 35, der in dem Trägerkörper 5 verankert ist und mit einem zweiten Diagnoseanschlussstift 46 in elektrisch leitender Verbindung steht.The second switch 30 is similar to the first switch and has a fixed contact 31 and a movable contact 33 which is attached to a contact spring 34, which is preferably secured to the anchor 12 insulating. The movable contact 33 includes two contact bodies which are attached to associated spring tabs of the contact spring 34. The contact spring 34 has three legs, a spring contact leg 34a, a return spring leg 34b and a fixed leg 34c, which form a current loop with sections through which flows in the opposite direction. The festive 34c is with a first diagnostic pin 45 connected. The fixed contact 31 is seated on a fixed contact carrier 35, which is anchored in the carrier body 5 and is in electrically conductive communication with a second diagnostic connection pin 46.

In einer alternativen Ausführungsform ist der zweite Schalter 30 mit zwei Festkontakten und einem beweglichen, als Brücke wirksamen Kontakt ausgebildet (nicht dargestellt). Die Festkontakte können dabei federnd ausgebildet sein.In an alternative embodiment, the second switch 30 is formed with two fixed contacts and a movable, acting as a bridge contact (not shown). The fixed contacts can be designed to be resilient.

Auch weitere Ausbildungsformen des zweiten Schalters 30 sind möglich. Benötigt wird eine Kontaktfeder mit beweglichem Kontakt, um eine elektrische Verbindung zwischen zwei Diagnoseanschlussstiften herzustellen oder zu unterbrechen. Der zweite Schalter wird als Diagnoseschalter zur Feststellung der Schalterstellung des Ankers benutzt.Other embodiments of the second switch 30 are possible. What is needed is a contact spring with movable contact to make or break an electrical connection between two diagnostic pins. The second switch is used as a diagnostic switch for detecting the switch position of the armature.

Wie bereits erwähnt, ist die Kontaktfeder 24 über den seitlichen Lappen 24d mit dem isolierenden Block 13 und damit mit dem Anker 12 verbunden, um dessen Bewegungen mitzumachen. Der isolierende Block 13 weist eine Aussparung 14 zur Seite des Schalters 20 auf, um einen Freiraum für eine isolierende Haube 15 zu bilden, die an dem isolierenden Trägerkörper 5 festgemacht ist. Wenn sich der Anker 12 und mit diesem der isolierende Block 13 bewegt, um den Schalter 20 oder 30 zu schließen, dann treffen die zur Haube 15 benachbarten Schenkel des Ankers 12 und des isolierenden Blockes 13 nicht auf die isolierende Haube 15. Es bleibt somit eine Strecke entlang der Oberfläche der isolierenden Haube 15 frei, die ausreichend lang ist, um Kriechströme von dem Schalter 20 zu dem Elektromagnetsystem zu verhindern.As already mentioned, the contact spring 24 is connected via the lateral tab 24d to the insulating block 13 and thus to the armature 12 in order to follow its movements. The insulating block 13 has a recess 14 to the side of the switch 20 to form a space for an insulating hood 15, which is fastened to the insulating support body 5. When the armature 12 and with it the insulating block 13 moves to close the switch 20 or 30, then the legs of the armature 12 and the insulating block 13 adjacent to the hood 15 do not hit the insulating hood 15. It thus remains Distance along the surface of the insulating hood 15 free, which is sufficiently long to To prevent leakage currents from the switch 20 to the solenoid system.

Der isolierende Trägerkörper 5 weist zwei Schenkel auf, in denen die jeweiligen Festkontaktträger 25 bzw. 35 der Schalter 20 bzw. 30 befestigt sind, und ein Verbindungsstück zwischen den Schenkeln des Trägerkörpers, das einen Spulenkörper zur Aufnahme der Spule 1 bildet. Die Spule 1, der Kern 2 und die Polstücke 3 und 4 bilden zusammen eine Spulenbaugruppe 10, die vom Trägerkörper 5 zusammengehalten wird. Die Polstücke 7, 8 bilden zusammen mit dem Permanentmagneten 11 eine Polbaugruppe, die zwischen den Polschuhen 3, 4 oberhalb der Spule 1 angeordnet ist. Der mittlere Bereich des Permanentmagneten, oder ein extra Lagerstück, bilden das Stützlager für den Anker 12. Der Trägerkörper 5 zusammen mit der Spulenbaugruppe 10 und der Polbaugruppe wird unter Zwischenfügen von Spulenanschlussleitungen in einen Gehäuseraum eines Sockelgehäuses 40 eingesetzt, nachdem die Enden der Spulenanschlussleitungen mit den Spulenanschlussstiften 41, 42 verbunden worden sind. Alle Anschlussstifte 41 bis 46 ragen aus der Unterseite des Sockelgehäuses 40 hervor. Schließlich wird eine Gehäusekappe 50 auf das montierte Relais gesetzt, damit um den Schalter 20 herum eine Kammer geschaffen wird, deren Wände aus isolierendem Material bestehen. Diese isolierenden Wände bestehen aus Teilen des Trägerkörpers 5, der Haube 15, des isolierenden Blockes 13 und Teilen der Innenwand der Gehäusekappe 50.The insulating carrier body 5 has two legs, in which the respective fixed contact carriers 25 and 35 of the switches 20 and 30 are fixed, and a connecting piece between the legs of the carrier body, which forms a bobbin for receiving the coil 1. The coil 1, the core 2 and the pole pieces 3 and 4 together form a coil assembly 10 which is held together by the carrier body 5. The pole pieces 7, 8 together with the permanent magnet 11, a pole assembly which is disposed between the pole pieces 3, 4 above the coil 1. The central region of the permanent magnet, or an extra bearing, form the support bearing for the armature 12. The support body 5 together with the coil assembly 10 and the pole assembly is inserted with the interposition of coil connection leads in a housing space of a base housing 40, after the ends of the coil connecting leads with the Coil terminal pins 41, 42 have been connected. All pins 41 to 46 protrude from the underside of the base housing 40. Finally, a housing cap 50 is placed on the mounted relay so that a chamber is created around the switch 20, whose walls are made of insulating material. These insulating walls consist of parts of the carrier body 5, the hood 15, the insulating block 13 and parts of the inner wall of the housing cap 50.

Das Relais ist in Fig. 2 und 3 in einer Mittelstellung des Ankers 12 dargestellt worden. Die Kraft der Federn 24 und ggf. auch 34 im Verhältnis zu der magnetischen Anziehungskraft auf den Anker 12 ist jedoch so getroffen, dass der Diagnoseschalter 30 normalerweise (ohne Erregung der Spule 1) geschlossen und der Lastschalter 20 geöffnet ist.The relay is in Fig. 2 and 3 in a middle position of the armature 12 has been shown. The force of the springs 24 and possibly also 34 in relation to the magnetic However, attraction to the armature 12 is such that the diagnostic switch 30 is normally closed (without energizing the coil 1) and the load switch 20 is open.

Der Sinn der Gestaltung der Kontaktfeder 24 mit der 180°-Biegung besteht darin, eine Rückkehrstromschleife mit in Gegenrichtung durchflossenen Abschnitten zu bilden, so dass bei erregtem Relais und geschlossenem Lastschalter 20 sich zusätzlich elektrodynamische Kräfte in Schließrichtung des Lastschalters 20 entwickeln. Diese Kräfte in Schließrichtung sind beim Auftreten eines Kurzschlussstromes über den Lastschalter 20 besonders groß, so dass eine gute Anpressung der Schalterkontakte 21, 23 aufeinander zustande kommt. Dies verhindert das Öffnen der Kontakte 21, 23 bei Kurzschluss und damit die Zerstörung der Kontakte 21, 23 wegen Öffnungsfunken. Der Kurzschluss wird, wie üblich, durch einen Schaltschütz unterbrochen.The sense of the design of the contact spring 24 with the 180 ° bend is to form a return current loop with traversed in the opposite direction sections, so that when energized relay and closed load switch 20 additionally develop electrodynamic forces in the closing direction of the load switch 20. These forces in the closing direction are especially large when a short-circuit current occurs via the load switch 20, so that good contact pressure of the switch contacts 21, 23 is achieved. This prevents the opening of the contacts 21, 23 in the event of a short circuit and thus the destruction of the contacts 21, 23 due to opening sparks. The short circuit is, as usual, interrupted by a contactor.

Es ist dem Fachmann ersichtlich, dass die vorstehend beschriebenen Ausführungsformen beispielhaft zu verstehen sind, und die Erfindung nicht auf diese beschränkt ist, sondern in vielfältiger Weise variiert werden kann, ohne den Schutzbereich der Ansprüche zu verlassen. Ferner definieren die Merkmale unabhängig davon, ob sie in der Beschreibung, den Ansprüchen, den Figuren oder anderweitig offenbart sind, auch einzeln wesentliche Bestandteile der Erfindung, selbst wenn sie zusammen mit anderen Merkmalen gemeinsam beschrieben sind.It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the above-described embodiments are to be read by way of example, and that the invention is not limited thereto, but that it can be varied in many ways without departing from the scope of the claims. Furthermore, the features, whether disclosed in the specification, claims, figures, or otherwise, also individually define essential components of the invention, even if described together with other features.

Claims (10)

  1. An electromagnetic relay, comprising:
    - an electromagnetic system comprising at least one coil (1), one winding core (2), and two pole shoes (3, 4), defining a first and a second opposite relay end;
    - an armature (12) comprising a first armature end and a second armature end corresponding to the first and second relay ends, and an insulating block (13);
    - a first switch (20) which functions as a load switch and normally open contact switch, and which comprises, on the first relay end, a first contact spring (24) with a spring contact leg (24a), a spring reset leg (24b), and a fixed leg (24c), the spring contact leg (24a) and the spring reset leg (24b) defining a return current loop which is secured to the insulating block (13), and wherein the fixed leg (24c) is connected to a load connection pin (43) at the first relay end, wherein the contact leg (24a) of the spring is connected to a movable contact (23) which cooperates with a fixed contact (21) at the first relay end, which is connected to a further load connection pin (44);
    - a second switch (30) at the second relay end, which comprises a second contact spring (34) with a movable contact (33) for establishing or interrupting electrical connection between two diagnostic connection pins (45, 46), wherein the second switch (30) functions as a normally closed contact switch and diagnostic switch for determining the switch position of the armature (12); and
    - a relay housing comprising a support component (5) and a housing cap (50) which together with the insulating block (13) of the armature (12) defines an insulating chamber for the return current loop of the first switch (20);
    - wherein the support component (5) has an insulating hood (15) partially covering the armature (12) and separating the moving space of the armature (12) from the insulating chamber of the first switch (20).
  2. The relay according to claim 1,
    wherein the spring contact leg (24a) and the spring reset leg (24b) define the return current loop having sections with current flow in opposite directions whereby electrodynamic forces are generated in closing direction of the first switch (20).
  3. The relay according to any one of claims 1 or 2,
    wherein the second contact spring (34) has a spring contact leg (34a), a spring reset leg (34b), and a fixed leg (34c) which define a return current loop having sections with current flow in opposite directions, whereby electrodynamic forces are generated in closing direction of the second switch (30).
  4. The relay according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
    wherein the armature (12) is configured as a rocking armature supporting, via its insulating block (13), the first contact spring (24) which extends towards the first relay end, and directly supporting the second contact spring (34) towards the second relay end.
  5. The relay according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
    wherein the second switch (30) is configured with double contact (33).
  6. The relay according to any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising a coil assembly (10) and a pole assembly comprising pole pieces (7, 8) and a permanent magnet (11) and a ferromagnetic bearing piece.
  7. The relay according to claim 6, wherein the support component (5) supports the pole assembly and the fixed contacts (21; 31).
  8. The relay according to claim 7, wherein the pole pieces (7, 8) and the permanent magnet (11) and the ferromagnetic bearing piece of the pole assembly and the fixed contact supports (21; 31) of the fixed contacts (23; 33) are embedded in resin in the support component (5).
  9. The relay according to any one of claims 6 to 8, wherein the coil assembly (10) is inserted in the support component (5).
  10. The relay according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the second contact spring with movable contact body is configured as a contact bridge attached to the armature and cooperates with fixed contacts that are connected to the connection pins.
EP13161363.0A 2012-03-30 2013-03-27 Relay with improved insulating properties Active EP2645386B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

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DE201210006433 DE102012006433B4 (en) 2012-03-30 2012-03-30 Relay with improved insulation properties

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EP2645386B1 true EP2645386B1 (en) 2017-02-01

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US11361925B2 (en) 2018-04-24 2022-06-14 Phoenix Contact Gmbh & Co. Kg Relay

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102019117802A1 (en) * 2019-07-02 2021-01-07 Johnson Electric Germany GmbH & Co. KG Switching contact system of a switching device operated by electrical current
CN114496607B (en) * 2020-11-12 2023-09-05 比亚迪股份有限公司 Power distribution module
CN114975010B (en) * 2022-05-19 2023-05-23 佛山市阳邦光电科技有限公司 Multi-path relay for high-power overcurrent protection

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JPS61218035A (en) 1985-03-25 1986-09-27 松下電工株式会社 Polar electromagnet
SI9300215A (en) 1992-05-15 1993-12-31 Siemens Ag Contact spring arrangement for a relay for conducting and swiching high currents
WO1993023866A1 (en) 1992-05-15 1993-11-25 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Polarized power relay
DE4216080A1 (en) 1992-05-15 1993-11-18 Siemens Ag Contact spring set for switching heavy current - has ferromagnetic block adjacent contact spring providing increased contact force at high currents
CN1108619C (en) 1997-03-07 2003-05-14 欧姆龙公司 Electromagnetic relay
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US11361925B2 (en) 2018-04-24 2022-06-14 Phoenix Contact Gmbh & Co. Kg Relay

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DE102012006433A1 (en) 2013-10-02
EP2645386A1 (en) 2013-10-02
DE102012006433B4 (en) 2014-01-02
ES2617046T3 (en) 2017-06-15

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