EP2645009B1 - Ventilation system - Google Patents

Ventilation system Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2645009B1
EP2645009B1 EP13001329.5A EP13001329A EP2645009B1 EP 2645009 B1 EP2645009 B1 EP 2645009B1 EP 13001329 A EP13001329 A EP 13001329A EP 2645009 B1 EP2645009 B1 EP 2645009B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
room
air
wall
unit
zone
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Application number
EP13001329.5A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2645009A3 (en
EP2645009A2 (en
Inventor
Kai Schiefelbein
Ivo Huhmann
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Stiebel Eltron GmbH and Co KG
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Stiebel Eltron GmbH and Co KG
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Publication of EP2645009A2 publication Critical patent/EP2645009A2/en
Publication of EP2645009A3 publication Critical patent/EP2645009A3/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F7/00—Ventilation
    • F24F7/04—Ventilation with ducting systems, e.g. by double walls; with natural circulation
    • F24F7/06—Ventilation with ducting systems, e.g. by double walls; with natural circulation with forced air circulation, e.g. by fan positioning of a ventilator in or against a conduit
    • F24F7/065—Ventilation with ducting systems, e.g. by double walls; with natural circulation with forced air circulation, e.g. by fan positioning of a ventilator in or against a conduit fan combined with single duct; mounting arrangements of a fan in a duct
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F7/00—Ventilation
    • F24F7/003—Ventilation in combination with air cleaning
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F13/00—Details common to, or for air-conditioning, air-humidification, ventilation or use of air currents for screening
    • F24F13/02—Ducting arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F7/00—Ventilation
    • F24F7/04—Ventilation with ducting systems, e.g. by double walls; with natural circulation
    • F24F7/06—Ventilation with ducting systems, e.g. by double walls; with natural circulation with forced air circulation, e.g. by fan positioning of a ventilator in or against a conduit
    • F24F7/08—Ventilation with ducting systems, e.g. by double walls; with natural circulation with forced air circulation, e.g. by fan positioning of a ventilator in or against a conduit with separate ducts for supplied and exhausted air with provisions for reversal of the input and output systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F8/00—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying
    • F24F8/10—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying by separation, e.g. by filtering
    • F24F8/108—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying by separation, e.g. by filtering using dry filter elements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F7/00—Ventilation
    • F24F2007/0025—Ventilation using vent ports in a wall

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a ventilation system for ventilating a room with a first room zone and a second room zone, with an outside air unit, an exhaust air unit and with an air duct.
  • Ventilation devices for ventilating a room are known from the prior art as decentralized ventilation devices.
  • a decentralized ventilation unit is mounted directly in the room where ventilation is required.
  • the ventilation device is often arranged on the inside of an outer wall of a room.
  • CH 229 153 describes a ventilation system in which the air passes through a cavity before entering the room to be heated. The air is introduced into the cavity from the outside and then enters the lounge through appropriate air outlets. Of the Air inlet into the cavity is located in a first wall, a duct for air outflow is located in a second wall, which is opposite the first wall.
  • the invention is based on the object of creating a ventilation device that enables an improved, constant supply of fresh air, with the intention in particular to improve air hygiene with regard to health protection.
  • the air duct then leads from the outside air unit through the first room zone into the second room zone, with the outside air unit and the exhaust air unit passing through a first wall of the room and the supply air unit being located in the area of a second wall of the room. Consequently, the air is first conveyed from the outdoor air unit into the air duct.
  • the air duct has no openings in the area of the first room zone, so that no fresh air escapes from the air duct in the first room zone.
  • the air is blown into the room in the area of the second wall through the supply air unit. The air spreads out in the room and moves towards the first room zone.
  • the exhaust air is conveyed out of the room through the exhaust air unit in the first wall.
  • This cross ventilation causes fresh air to flow completely through the room by circulating the air from the outside air unit through the air duct to the second wall and from there back to the first wall.
  • the outdoor air unit and the exhaust air unit are located in an outer wall of a building, so that air can be brought into the room from the outside and then be conveyed outside again.
  • a room wall or a house wall is preferably provided as the wall.
  • the outside air unit and/or exhaust air unit are arranged in the area of a window.
  • the first wall is an exterior wall and the second wall is another wall of the room.
  • the second wall is an inner wall that is opposite to the outer wall.
  • the air duct is routed to the air supply unit on the ceiling or on a floor of the room.
  • a supply air grille is arranged in the supply air unit, which is suitable for scattering a flow of supply air.
  • the fresh air is divided into several partial flows and is therefore blown into the interior in a broadly diversified manner, and does not enter the room as a single air flow, which the user finds unpleasant.
  • the air is distributed well in the room by the various partial flows.
  • the outside air unit has at least one of the following components: an outside air filter, a coarse filter, a silencer and/or a UV filter.
  • the outdoor air grille prevents foreign bodies from entering the ventilation system from the outside.
  • the coarse filter filters coarse dirt particles out of the air.
  • the silencer causes a noise reduction of the ventilation system.
  • the incoming air is irradiated by an ultraviolet lamp through the UV filter, which kills germs that are in the air. Improved air hygiene is achieved through these components. Unfiltered air is a health hazard, especially in heavily polluted urban areas.
  • the use of the components roughly cleans the air in a first step, it being advantageous if as many as possible, preferably all, of these components are used.
  • the outside air unit is designed as a wall duct, which is preferably attached to the outside wall of an apartment.
  • This hole in the outer wall is preferably a core hole, in particular a round hole.
  • the bore is angular, in particular square or rectangular.
  • the arrangement of the outdoor air unit in a hole within the outer wall has the advantage that all components, i.e. the outer wall grille, the coarse filter, the silencer and the UV filter, can be accommodated in the hole.
  • the outdoor air unit is preferably preassembled as a module and is simply pushed into the core hole.
  • the outside air unit is arranged on an outside wall and is connected to the air duct by a hose leading through the outside wall.
  • a fan unit is arranged in the air duct.
  • the position of the fan unit is variable, i.e. it can be placed near the outside air unit, near the supply air unit or in a position between the outside air and the supply air unit.
  • the ventilation unit is preferably arranged in the area of the first spatial zone.
  • the fan unit preferably has at least one of the following components: a fine filter, a pollutant filter, a fan and/or a silencer.
  • the fine filter filters out fine dust particles, such as inhalable fine dust (PM10) and respirable fine dust (PM 2.5) from the air. This improves air hygiene, since fine dust is filtered out of the air, which is particularly important in heavily polluted urban centers.
  • the pollutant filter filters out further pollution from the air, in particular nitrogen oxides (NOX) and sulfur oxides (SOX).
  • NOX nitrogen oxides
  • SOX sulfur oxides
  • An activated carbon filter and/or a chemical filter is preferably used as the pollutant filter.
  • the fan is used to convey air.
  • the fan draws in outside air and transports it through the air duct to the supply air unit.
  • a constant volume flow fan is used as the fan, which calculates the air volume based on the speed and power consumption.
  • a remote control is provided with which the user can control the operation of the fan. According to one aspect of the invention, it is provided that the user only switches the fan on or off.
  • the degree of contamination of the fine filter is determined using the speed of the fan.
  • the speed of the fan decreases with increasing contamination of the filter. If the speed falls below a defined threshold value, this is recognized as contamination of the filter, which makes a filter change necessary.
  • the need to change the filter is preferably indicated to the user by means of a signal, preferably an optical or acoustic signal. The user is thus informed in good time that the dirty filter needs to be replaced.
  • the air volume of the fan can also be controlled by the user and can be controlled, for example, using a number of levels from “weak” to “strong”.
  • a further silencer is also provided, which further reduces the noise generated during operation of the ventilation system.
  • the fan unit is preferably configured as a preassembled module that is positioned in the air duct during installation.
  • the fan unit is made of EPS, into which the various components are plugged, and is surrounded by an injection molded housing.
  • the air duct has an insulating material in order to achieve a thermal separation between the fresh air flowing in and the room air in the room, so that no condensation occurs in the area of the supply air duct. Especially in areas where the outside air is at a higher temperature than the indoor air, especially in air-conditioned interiors, condensation can occur when warm outdoor air meets cooler indoor air, which in turn can lead to mold growth. Insulating the air duct prevents this condensation.
  • the insulation is shaped to form the air duct. This has the advantage that there is no need for an additional air duct, since the insulation itself forms the air duct. Furthermore, this has the advantage that the air duct can be installed quickly and easily by being on the Room ceiling or the room floor is arranged, for example, is glued.
  • the insulation consists of polystyrene with a smooth inner wall.
  • the air duct preferably has a simple shape, in particular it is designed as a flat duct, in particular as a round, oval or angular flat duct.
  • the first spatial zone preferably occupies approximately half of the room, the second spatial zone approximately the other half of the room, the first spatial zone being in the area of the outer wall of the room and the second spatial zone being in the area of the inner wall of a room.
  • An imaginary dividing line between the two room zones runs roughly in the middle of the room from the ceiling to the floor.
  • the first space zone is larger or smaller than the second space zone.
  • the first space zone occupies at least about one third of the space. This is necessary for the cross ventilation effect to be achieved.
  • the ventilation system is designed as an air supply system. To prevent condensation from occurring in the room, it is necessary for colder air to flow towards warmer air. If warmer air flowed in the direction of colder air, condensation would occur in the area where the two air flows meet.
  • the ventilation system is therefore preferably designed as an air supply system. This means that there is overpressure in the room. Due to this overpressure, the air inside the room, i.e. the colder air, flows in the direction of the warmer outside air, which prevents condensation.
  • the ventilation system is designed as an exhaust air system. The ventilation system in this case is preferably used where the outside air has a lower temperature than the inside air.
  • a Provide negative pressure in the room In order for the colder air to flow in the direction of the warmer air to avoid condensation, a Provide negative pressure in the room. This negative pressure causes the colder outside air to flow in the direction of the warmer inside air.
  • a further fan unit is provided in the exhaust air opening.
  • a pressure control is therefore preferably provided in which the two fans in the fan unit and in the exhaust air opening communicate with one another so that the fan in the exhaust air unit conveys a higher air volume than the fan in the fan unit.
  • both fans are preferably coupled to one another in such a way that a change in the target air volume on the fan of the fan unit has a direct effect on the air volume of the fan in the exhaust air opening.
  • the room 2 has a first room zone 22 and a second room zone 23, with an imaginary dividing line 24 running between the first room zone 22 and the second room zone 23.
  • the imaginary dividing line 24 between the first spatial zone 22 and the second spatial zone 23 runs approximately in the middle of the room 2, specifically from a ceiling 204 to a floor 203.
  • the first spatial zone 22 and the second spatial zone 23 are thus in about the same size, although a different size ratio is also possible.
  • Room 2 has a ceiling 204, a floor 203, a first wall 201 and a second wall 202.
  • An outside air opening 21 is provided in the area of the first wall 201 .
  • An outside air unit 11 is introduced into this outside air opening 21 , through which outside air 31 enters an air duct 12 .
  • the air duct 12 has an insulation 121 which is arranged on the room side.
  • a fan unit 13 is arranged in the air duct 21 and has, among other things, a fan with which outside air 31 is sucked into the air duct 12 as duct air 32 .
  • the duct air 32 enters the room as supply air 33 in the area of a supply air unit 14 .
  • an exhaust air opening 25 is provided in the area of the first wall 201, in which an exhaust air unit 15 is arranged.
  • the supply air 33 is distributed in the room 2, an exhaust air 34 flows through the exhaust air unit 15 and is discharged as exhaust air 35 to the outside.
  • the outside air unit 11 has an outside air grille 111 , a coarse filter 112 , a silencer 113 and a UV filter 114 . These components ensure that pollutants are filtered out of the incoming air.
  • the fan unit 13 has a fine filter 131 , a pollutant filter 132 , a fan 133 and a silencer 134 .
  • the fan 131 causes outside air to be sucked in and conveyed into the room.
  • the silencer 134 reduces the noise of the ventilation system.
  • the fine filter 131 and the pollutant filter 132 filter other harmful particles from the air.
  • FIG. 4 a schematic view of a supply air unit 14 is shown.
  • the draft unit 14 has a supply air grille 141 .
  • the supply air grille 141 has slats 142 which divide the air flow into several partial air flows and thereby spread the air flow widely.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Lüftungsanlage zur Belüftung eines Raumes mit einer ersten Raumzone und einer zweiten Raumzone, mit einer Außenlufteinheit einer Ablufteinheit und mit einem Luftkanal.The invention relates to a ventilation system for ventilating a room with a first room zone and a second room zone, with an outside air unit, an exhaust air unit and with an air duct.

Lüftungsgeräte zur Belüftung eines Raumes sind aus dem Stand der Technik als dezentrale Lüftungsgeräte bekannt. Ein dezentrales Lüftungsgerät wird direkt im Raum, in dem der Lüftungsbedarf besteht, montiert. Das Lüftungsgerät ist dabei häufig an der Innenseite einer Außenwand eines Raumes angeordnet.Ventilation devices for ventilating a room are known from the prior art as decentralized ventilation devices. A decentralized ventilation unit is mounted directly in the room where ventilation is required. The ventilation device is often arranged on the inside of an outer wall of a room.

CH 229 153 beschreibt eine Lüftungsanlage, bei der die Luft vor dem Eintritt in den zu beheizenden Raum durch einen Hohlraum streicht. Die Luft wird von außen in den Hohlraum eingeführt und tritt sodann durch entsprechende Luftauslässe in den Aufenthaltsraum ein. Der Lufteinlass in den Hohlraum befindet sich dabei in einer ersten Wand, ein Kanal zum Abfluss der Luft befindet sich in einer zweiten Wand, die der ersten Wand gegenüberliegt. CH 229 153 describes a ventilation system in which the air passes through a cavity before entering the room to be heated. The air is introduced into the cavity from the outside and then enters the lounge through appropriate air outlets. Of the Air inlet into the cavity is located in a first wall, a duct for air outflow is located in a second wall, which is opposite the first wall.

Ferner sind diverse in Gebäudestrukturen integrierte Lüftungsanlagen, beispielsweise aus US 3 048 094 A , DE 101 39 927 A1 , US 2003/ß13407 A1, JP H05 223307 A , US 5 660 587 A , JP 2010 019464 A , CN 1 529 100 A , JP 2006 046683 A , JP H10 318579 A , JP H10 253116 A und US 3 367 258 A bekannt.Furthermore, various ventilation systems integrated into building structures, for example from U.S. 3,048,094 A , DE 101 39 927 A1 , US 2003/ß13407 A1, JP H05 223307 A , U.S. 5,660,587 A , JP 2010 019464 A , CN 1 529 100A , JP 2006 046683 A , JP H10 318579 A , JP H10 253116 A and U.S. 3,367,258 A famous.

Das Dokument JPH10253116 offenbart den Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.Document JPH10253116 discloses the preamble of claim 1.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zu Grunde, ein Lüftungsgerät zu schaffen, das eine verbesserte konstante Frischluftzufuhr ermöglicht, wobei insbesondere die Lufthygiene im Hinblick auf Gesundheitsschutz verbessert werden soll.The invention is based on the object of creating a ventilation device that enables an improved, constant supply of fresh air, with the intention in particular to improve air hygiene with regard to health protection.

Diese Aufgabe ist durch die Merkmale des Patentanspruchs 1 und durch die Merkmale des Patentanspruchs 7 gelöst.This object is achieved by the features of patent claim 1 and by the features of patent claim 7 .

Danach führt der Luftkanal von der Außenlufteinheit durch die erste Raumzone in die zweite Raumzone, wobei die Außenlufteinheit und die Ablufteinheit durch eine erste Wand des Raumes geführt sind und die Zulufteinheit im Bereich einer zweiten Wand des Raumes liegt. Folglich wird die Luft zunächst von der Außenlufteinheit in den Luftkanal befördert. Im Bereich der ersten Raumzone weist der Luftkanal keine Öffnungen auf, so dass in der ersten Raumzone keine Frischluft aus dem Luftkanal austritt. In der zweiten Raumzone wird die Luft im Bereich der zweiten Wand durch die Zulufteinheit in den Raum eingeblasen. Die Luft verteilt sich im Raum und bewegt sich in Richtung der ersten Raumzone. Die Abluft wird durch die Ablufteinheit in der ersten Wand aus dem Raum befördert.The air duct then leads from the outside air unit through the first room zone into the second room zone, with the outside air unit and the exhaust air unit passing through a first wall of the room and the supply air unit being located in the area of a second wall of the room. Consequently, the air is first conveyed from the outdoor air unit into the air duct. The air duct has no openings in the area of the first room zone, so that no fresh air escapes from the air duct in the first room zone. In the second room zone, the air is blown into the room in the area of the second wall through the supply air unit. The air spreads out in the room and moves towards the first room zone. The exhaust air is conveyed out of the room through the exhaust air unit in the first wall.

Hierdurch ist eine Querlüftung des Raumes erreicht. Diese Querlüftung bewirkt, dass Frischluft den Raum vollständig durchströmt, indem die Luft von der Außenlufteinheit durch den Luftkanal zur zweiten Wand und von dort wieder zur ersten Wand zirkuliert.This achieves cross-ventilation of the room. This cross ventilation causes fresh air to flow completely through the room by circulating the air from the outside air unit through the air duct to the second wall and from there back to the first wall.

Laut der Erfindung liegen Außenlufteinheit und Ablufteinheit in einer Außenwand eines Gebäudes, damit Luft von außen in den Raum eingeführt werden kann und sodann wiederum nach draußen befördert wird.According to the invention, the outdoor air unit and the exhaust air unit are located in an outer wall of a building, so that air can be brought into the room from the outside and then be conveyed outside again.

Vorzugsweise ist als Wand eine Zimmerwand oder eine Hauswand vorgesehen. In einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung der Erfindung sind Außenlufteinheit und/oder Ablufteinheit im Bereich eines Fensters angeordnet.A room wall or a house wall is preferably provided as the wall. In a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the outside air unit and/or exhaust air unit are arranged in the area of a window.

Die erste Wand ist eine Außenwand und die zweite Wand eine weitere Wand des Raumes. Die zweite Wand ist eine Innenwand, die der Außenwand gegenüber liegt.The first wall is an exterior wall and the second wall is another wall of the room. The second wall is an inner wall that is opposite to the outer wall.

Der Luftkanal wird an der Raumdecke bzw. an einem Fußboden des Raumes zur Zulufteinheit geführt.The air duct is routed to the air supply unit on the ceiling or on a floor of the room.

In einer vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist in der Zulufteinheit ein Zuluftgitter angeordnet, das geeignet ist, einen Zuluftstrom zu streuen. Hierdurch ist erreicht, dass die Frischluft in mehrere Teilströme aufgeteilt und daher breit gefächert in den Innenraum eingeblasen wird, und nicht als einzelner Luftstrom in den Raum eintritt, was der Benutzer als unangenehm empfindet. Zudem ist erreicht, dass sich die Luft durch die verschiedenen Teilströme gut im Raum verteilt.In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, a supply air grille is arranged in the supply air unit, which is suitable for scattering a flow of supply air. The result of this is that the fresh air is divided into several partial flows and is therefore blown into the interior in a broadly diversified manner, and does not enter the room as a single air flow, which the user finds unpleasant. In addition, the air is distributed well in the room by the various partial flows.

Gemäß einem Aspekt der Erfindung weist die Außenlufteinheit wenigstens einen der folgenden Komponenten auf: ein Außenluftfilter, einen Grobfilter, einen Schalldämpfer und oder einen UV-Filter. Das Außenluftgitter verhindert, dass Fremdkörper von außen in die Lüftungsanlage eindringen. Der Grobfilter filtert gröbere Schmutzpartikel aus der Luft heraus. Der Schalldämpfer bewirkt eine Geräuschreduzierung der Lüftungsanlage. Durch den UV-Filter wird die eintretende Luft mittels einer ultravioletten Leuchte bestrahlt, was Keime, die sich in der Luft befinden, abtötet. Durch diese Komponenten ist eine verbesserte Lufthygiene erreicht. Gerade in stark verschmutzten Ballungsgebieten ist ungefilterte Luft gesundheitsgefährdend. Die Verwendung der Komponenten die Luft in einem ersten Schritt grob gereinigt, wobei es vorteilhaft ist, wenn möglichst viele, vorzugsweise alle diese Komponenten verwendet sind.According to one aspect of the invention, the outside air unit has at least one of the following components: an outside air filter, a coarse filter, a silencer and/or a UV filter. The outdoor air grille prevents foreign bodies from entering the ventilation system from the outside. The coarse filter filters coarse dirt particles out of the air. The silencer causes a noise reduction of the ventilation system. The incoming air is irradiated by an ultraviolet lamp through the UV filter, which kills germs that are in the air. Improved air hygiene is achieved through these components. Unfiltered air is a health hazard, especially in heavily polluted urban areas. The use of the components roughly cleans the air in a first step, it being advantageous if as many as possible, preferably all, of these components are used.

Gemäß einem Ausführungsbeispiel ist die Außenlufteinheit als Wanddurchführung ausgestaltet, die vorzugsweise in einer Wohnung in der Außenwand angebracht ist. Bei dieser Bohrung in der Außenwand handelt es sich vorzugsweise um eine Kernloch-Bohrung, insbesondere um eine runde Bohrung.According to one exemplary embodiment, the outside air unit is designed as a wall duct, which is preferably attached to the outside wall of an apartment. This hole in the outer wall is preferably a core hole, in particular a round hole.

Gemäß einem weiteren Ausführungsbeispiel ist die Bohrung eckig, insbesondere quadratisch oder rechteckig ausgestaltet.According to a further exemplary embodiment, the bore is angular, in particular square or rectangular.

Die Anordnung der Außenlufteinheit in einer Bohrung innerhalb der Außenwand hat den Vorteil, dass alle Komponenten, also das Außenwandgitter, der Grobfilter, der Schalldämpfer und der UV-Filter in der Bohrung Platz finden. Vorzugsweise ist die Außenlufteinheit als Modul vormontiert und wird lediglich in die Kernlochbohrung eingeschoben.The arrangement of the outdoor air unit in a hole within the outer wall has the advantage that all components, i.e. the outer wall grille, the coarse filter, the silencer and the UV filter, can be accommodated in the hole. The outdoor air unit is preferably preassembled as a module and is simply pushed into the core hole.

Gemäß einem weiteren Ausführungsbeispiel ist die Außenlufteinheit an einer Außenwand angeordnet und durch einen durch die Außenwand führenden Schlauch mit dem Luftkanal verbunden.According to a further exemplary embodiment, the outside air unit is arranged on an outside wall and is connected to the air duct by a hose leading through the outside wall.

Gemäß einer weiteren Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist in dem Luftkanal eine Lüftereinheit angeordnet. Die Position der Lüftereinheit ist dabei variabel, d.h. sie kann in der Nähe der Außenlufteinheit, in der Nähe der Zulufteinheit oder in einer Position zwischen der Außenluft- und der Zulufteinheit angeordnet sein. Vorzugsweise ist die Lüftungseinheit im Bereich der ersten Raumzone angeordnet.According to a further embodiment of the invention, a fan unit is arranged in the air duct. The position of the fan unit is variable, i.e. it can be placed near the outside air unit, near the supply air unit or in a position between the outside air and the supply air unit. The ventilation unit is preferably arranged in the area of the first spatial zone.

Vorzugsweise weist die Lüftereinheit wenigstens eine der folgenden Komponenten auf: einen Feinfilter, einen Schadstofffilter, einen Lüfter und/oder einen Schalldämpfer. Der Feinfilter filtert Feinstaub-Partikel, wie inhalierbaren Feinstaub (PM10) sowie lungengängigen Feinstaub (PM 2,5) aus der Luft heraus. Hierdurch ist die Lufthygiene verbessert, da Feinstaub aus der Luft herausgefiltert wird, was insbesondere in stark verschmutzten Ballungszentren wichtig ist. Der Schadstofffilter filtert weitere Verschmutzungen aus der Luft heraus, insbesondere Stickoxide (NOX) sowie Schwefeloxide (SOX). Vorzugsweise ist als Schadstofffilter ein Aktivkohlefilter und/oder ein chemischer Filter verwendet.The fan unit preferably has at least one of the following components: a fine filter, a pollutant filter, a fan and/or a silencer. The fine filter filters out fine dust particles, such as inhalable fine dust (PM10) and respirable fine dust (PM 2.5) from the air. This improves air hygiene, since fine dust is filtered out of the air, which is particularly important in heavily polluted urban centers. The pollutant filter filters out further pollution from the air, in particular nitrogen oxides (NOX) and sulfur oxides (SOX). An activated carbon filter and/or a chemical filter is preferably used as the pollutant filter.

Der Lüfter dient der Förderung von Luft. Mithilfe des Lüfters wird Außenluft angesogen und durch den Luftkanal zur Zulufteinheit befördert.The fan is used to convey air. The fan draws in outside air and transports it through the air duct to the supply air unit.

In einer vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist als Lüfter ein Konstant-Volumenstrom-Lüfter verwendet, der das Luftvolumen anhand von Drehzahl und Stromaufnahme berechnet. In einer weiteren Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist eine Fernbedienung vorgesehen, mit der der Benutzer den Betrieb des Lüfters steuern kann. Gemäß einem Aspekt der Erfindung ist vorgesehen, dass der Benutzer den Lüfter lediglich an- oder ausschaltet.In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, a constant volume flow fan is used as the fan, which calculates the air volume based on the speed and power consumption. In a further embodiment of the invention, a remote control is provided with which the user can control the operation of the fan. According to one aspect of the invention, it is provided that the user only switches the fan on or off.

In einem Ausführungsbeispiel wird der Verschmutzungsgrad des Feinfilters mittels der Drehzahl des Lüfters ermittelt. Die Drehzahl des Lüfters nimmt bei zunehmender Verschmutzung des Filters ab. Unterschreitet die Drehzahl einen definierten Schwellwert, wird dies als Verschmutzung des Filters erkannt, die einen Filterwechsel notwendig macht. Vorzugsweise wird die Notwendigkeit des Filterwechsels dem Nutzer mittels eines Signals, vorzugsweise eines optischen oder akustischen Signals, angezeigt. Der Nutzer wird somit rechtzeitig auf den notwendigen Austausch des verschmutzten Filters hingewiesen.In one embodiment, the degree of contamination of the fine filter is determined using the speed of the fan. The speed of the fan decreases with increasing contamination of the filter. If the speed falls below a defined threshold value, this is recognized as contamination of the filter, which makes a filter change necessary. The need to change the filter is preferably indicated to the user by means of a signal, preferably an optical or acoustic signal. The user is thus informed in good time that the dirty filter needs to be replaced.

In einer weiteren Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist das Luftvolumen des Lüfters ebenfalls durch den Benutzer steuerbar und kann beispielsweise anhand mehrerer Stufen von 'schwach' bis ,stark' gesteuert werden. Weiterhin ist ein weiterer Schalldämpfer vorgesehen, der die beim Betrieb der Lüftungsanlage entstehenden Geräusche weiter reduziert.In a further embodiment of the invention, the air volume of the fan can also be controlled by the user and can be controlled, for example, using a number of levels from “weak” to “strong”. A further silencer is also provided, which further reduces the noise generated during operation of the ventilation system.

Vorzugsweise ist die Lüftereinheit als vormontiertes Modul ausgestaltet, das bei der Installation in dem Luftkanal positioniert wird. Vorzugsweise besteht die Lüftereinheit aus EPS, in das die verschiedenen Komponenten gesteckt werden, und ist von einem Spritzgussgehäuse umgeben.The fan unit is preferably configured as a preassembled module that is positioned in the air duct during installation. Preferably, the fan unit is made of EPS, into which the various components are plugged, and is surrounded by an injection molded housing.

Der Luftkanal weist ein Isoliermaterial auf, um eine thermische Trennung zwischen der einströmenden Frischluft und der im Raum befindlichen Raumluft zu erreichen, damit im Bereich des Zuluftkanals keine Kondensation auftritt. Insbesondere in Gegenden, in denen die Außenluft eine höhere Temperatur aufweist als die Raumluft, insbesondere bei klimatisierten Innenräumen, kann beim Zusammentreffen von warmer Außenluft und kühlerer Innenluft Kondensation auftreten, was wiederum zu Schimmelbildung führen kann. Eine Isolierung des Luftkanals verhindert diese Kondensation.The air duct has an insulating material in order to achieve a thermal separation between the fresh air flowing in and the room air in the room, so that no condensation occurs in the area of the supply air duct. Especially in areas where the outside air is at a higher temperature than the indoor air, especially in air-conditioned interiors, condensation can occur when warm outdoor air meets cooler indoor air, which in turn can lead to mold growth. Insulating the air duct prevents this condensation.

Die Isolierung ist so geformt, dass sie den Luftkanal bildet. Dies hat den Vorteil, dass ein zusätzlicher Luftkanal entfällt, da die Isolierung selbst den Luftkanal bildet. Weiterhin hat dies den Vorteil, dass der Luftkanal einfach und schnell montiert werden kann, indem er an der Raumdecke oder dem Raumfußboden angeordnet wird, beispielsweise geklebt wird. In einem weiteren Ausführungsbeispiel besteht die Isolierung aus Polystyrol mit einer glatten Innenwand. Vorzugsweise weist der Luftkanal dabei eine einfache Formgebung auf, insbesondere ist er als Flachkanal ausgestaltet, insbesondere als runder, ovaler oder eckiger Flachkanal. Vorzugsweise nimmt die erste Raumzone in etwa eine Hälfte des Raumes ein, die zweite Raumzone in etwa die andere Hälfte des Raumes, wobei die erste Raumzone im Bereich der Außenwand des Raumes liegt und die zweite Raumzone im Bereich der Innenwand eines Raumes. Eine imaginäre Trennlinie zwischen den beiden Raumzonen verläuft in etwa in der Mitte des Raumes von der Decke bis zum Fußboden.The insulation is shaped to form the air duct. This has the advantage that there is no need for an additional air duct, since the insulation itself forms the air duct. Furthermore, this has the advantage that the air duct can be installed quickly and easily by being on the Room ceiling or the room floor is arranged, for example, is glued. In a further embodiment, the insulation consists of polystyrene with a smooth inner wall. The air duct preferably has a simple shape, in particular it is designed as a flat duct, in particular as a round, oval or angular flat duct. The first spatial zone preferably occupies approximately half of the room, the second spatial zone approximately the other half of the room, the first spatial zone being in the area of the outer wall of the room and the second spatial zone being in the area of the inner wall of a room. An imaginary dividing line between the two room zones runs roughly in the middle of the room from the ceiling to the floor.

Gemäß einem weiteren Gedanken der Erfindung ist die erste Raumzone größer oder kleiner als die zweite Raumzone.According to a further idea of the invention, the first space zone is larger or smaller than the second space zone.

Laut der Erfindung nimmt die erste Raumzone wenigstens etwa ein Drittel des Raumes ein. Dies ist erforderlich, damit der Querlüftungseffekt erreicht wird.According to the invention, the first space zone occupies at least about one third of the space. This is necessary for the cross ventilation effect to be achieved.

Gemäß einer vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist die Lüftungsanlage als Zuluftanlage ausgebildet. Damit im Raum keine Kondensation auftritt, ist erforderlich, dass kältere Luft in Richtung einer wärmeren Luft strömt. Würde wärmere Luft in Richtung der kälteren Luft strömen, träte im Bereich des Aufeinandertreffens der beiden Luftströme eine Kondensation auf.According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the ventilation system is designed as an air supply system. To prevent condensation from occurring in the room, it is necessary for colder air to flow towards warmer air. If warmer air flowed in the direction of colder air, condensation would occur in the area where the two air flows meet.

In Klimazonen, in denen die Luft außen eine höhere Temperatur aufweist als innerhalb eines Gebäudes, ist die Lüftungsanlage daher vorzugsweise als Zuluftanlage ausgestaltet. Dies bedeutet, dass im Raum ein Überdruck herrscht. Durch diesen Überdruck strömt die Luft innerhalb des Raumes, also die kältere Luft, in Richtung der wärmeren Außenluft, wodurch Kondensation vermieden ist. In diesem Fall ist lediglich eine Abluftöffnung, gegebenenfalls mit einem Abluftgitter, vorgesehen. Die Lüftereinheit fördert dadurch mehr Luft in den Raum, als durch die Abluftöffnung austritt, wodurch der gewünschte Überdruck im Raum erzielt wird. Gemäß einer weiteren Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist die Lüftungsanlage als Abluftanlage ausgestaltet. Die Lüftungsanlage ist in diesem Fall vorzugsweise dort verwendet, wo die Außenluft eine niedrigere Temperatur aufweist als die Innenluft. Damit hier die kältere Luft in Richtung der wärmeren Luft strömt, um Kondensation zu vermeiden, ist erforderlich, einen Unterdruck im Raum vorzusehen. Durch diesen Unterdruck strömt die kältere Außenluft in Richtung der wärmeren Innenluft. In diesem Fall ist eine weitere Lüftereinheit in der Abluftöffnung vorgesehen. Um eine Luftströmung von 'kalt' nach ,warm' zu erreichen, ist erforderlich, dass der Lüfter in der Abluftöffnung mehr Luft nach außen befördert als der Lüfter in der Lüftereinheit in den Raum befördert, um den gewünschten Unterdruck und damit eine Strömung der Luft von 'kalt' nach ,warm' zu erreichen. Vorzugsweise ist daher eine Druckregelung vorgesehen, bei der die beiden Lüfter in der Lüftereinheit sowie in der Abluftöffnung miteinander kommunizieren, damit jeweils der Lüfter in der Ablufteinheit ein höheres Luftvolumen fördert als der Lüfter in der Lüftereinheit.In climate zones in which the air has a higher temperature outside than inside a building, the ventilation system is therefore preferably designed as an air supply system. This means that there is overpressure in the room. Due to this overpressure, the air inside the room, i.e. the colder air, flows in the direction of the warmer outside air, which prevents condensation. In this case, only one exhaust air opening, optionally with an exhaust air grille, is provided. The fan unit thus conveys more air into the room than exits through the exhaust air opening, which means that the desired overpressure is achieved in the room. According to a further embodiment of the invention, the ventilation system is designed as an exhaust air system. The ventilation system in this case is preferably used where the outside air has a lower temperature than the inside air. In order for the colder air to flow in the direction of the warmer air to avoid condensation, a Provide negative pressure in the room. This negative pressure causes the colder outside air to flow in the direction of the warmer inside air. In this case, a further fan unit is provided in the exhaust air opening. In order to achieve an air flow from 'cold' to 'warm', it is necessary for the fan in the exhaust air opening to convey more air to the outside than the fan in the fan unit conveys into the room in order to achieve the desired negative pressure and thus a flow of air from to achieve 'cold' after 'warm'. A pressure control is therefore preferably provided in which the two fans in the fan unit and in the exhaust air opening communicate with one another so that the fan in the exhaust air unit conveys a higher air volume than the fan in the fan unit.

Ist die Lüftungsanlage für den Kunden steuerbar, etwa mittels einer Fernbedienung, sind beide Lüfter vorzugsweise so miteinander gekoppelt, dass eine Veränderung des Luft-Sollvolumens am Lüfter der Lüftereinheit sich unmittelbar auf das Luftvolumen des Lüfters in der Abluftöffnung auswirkt.If the ventilation system can be controlled by the customer, for example by means of a remote control, both fans are preferably coupled to one another in such a way that a change in the target air volume on the fan of the fan unit has a direct effect on the air volume of the fan in the exhaust air opening.

In der Zeichnung zeigen:

Figur 1
eine schematische Darstellung der Lüftungsanlage in einem Ausführungsbeispiel,
Figur 2
eine schematische Ansicht der Außenlufteinheit in einem Ausführungsbeispiel,
Figur 3
eine schematische Ansicht der Lüftereinheit in einem Ausführungsbeispiel,
Figur 4
eine schematische Ansicht der Zulufteinheit in einem Ausführungsbeispiel.
Show in the drawing:
figure 1
a schematic representation of the ventilation system in one embodiment,
figure 2
a schematic view of the outdoor air unit in one embodiment,
figure 3
a schematic view of the fan unit in one embodiment,
figure 4
a schematic view of the supply air unit in one embodiment.

Fig. 1 beschreibt ein Lüftungssystem 1 zur Installation in einem Raum 2. Der Raum 2 weist eine erste Raumzone 22 und eine zweite Raumzone 23 auf, wobei zwischen der ersten Raumzone 22 und der zweiten Raumzone 23 eine imaginäre Trennlinie 24 verläuft. In diesem Ausführungsbeispiel verläuft die imaginäre Trennlinie 24 zwischen der ersten Raumzone 22 und der zweiten Raumzone 23 in etwa in der Mitte des Raumes 2, und zwar von einer Decke 204 zu einem Fußboden 203. Damit sind die erste Raumzone 22 und die zweite Raumzone 23 in etwa gleich groß, wobei auch ein anderes Größenverhältnis möglich ist. Der Raum 2 weist eine Decke 204, einen Fußboden 203, eine erste Wand 201 und eine zweite Wand 202 auf. Im Bereich der ersten Wand 201 ist eine Außenluftöffnung 21 vorgesehen. In dieser Außenluftöffnung 21 ist eine Außenlufteinheit 11 eingebracht, durch die Außenluft 31 in einen Luftkanal 12 eintritt. Der Luftkanal 12 weist eine Isolierung 121 auf, die raumseitig angeordnet ist. Im Luftkanal 21 ist eine Lüftereinheit 13 angeordnet, die u.a. einen Lüfter aufweist, mit dem Außenluft 31 als Kanalluft 32 in den Luftkanal 12 eingesogen wird. Die Kanalluft 32 tritt im Bereich einer Zulufteinheit 14 als Zuluft 33 in den Raum ein. Weiterhin ist im Bereich der ersten Wand 201 eine Abluftöffnung 25 vorgesehen, in der eine Ablufteinheit 15 angeordnet ist. Die Zuluft 33 verteilt sich im Raum 2, eine Abluft 34 durchströmt die Ablufteinheit 15 und wird als Fortluft 35 wieder nach außen abgegeben. 1 describes a ventilation system 1 for installation in a room 2. The room 2 has a first room zone 22 and a second room zone 23, with an imaginary dividing line 24 running between the first room zone 22 and the second room zone 23. In this exemplary embodiment, the imaginary dividing line 24 between the first spatial zone 22 and the second spatial zone 23 runs approximately in the middle of the room 2, specifically from a ceiling 204 to a floor 203. The first spatial zone 22 and the second spatial zone 23 are thus in about the same size, although a different size ratio is also possible. Room 2 has a ceiling 204, a floor 203, a first wall 201 and a second wall 202. An outside air opening 21 is provided in the area of the first wall 201 . An outside air unit 11 is introduced into this outside air opening 21 , through which outside air 31 enters an air duct 12 . The air duct 12 has an insulation 121 which is arranged on the room side. A fan unit 13 is arranged in the air duct 21 and has, among other things, a fan with which outside air 31 is sucked into the air duct 12 as duct air 32 . The duct air 32 enters the room as supply air 33 in the area of a supply air unit 14 . Furthermore, an exhaust air opening 25 is provided in the area of the first wall 201, in which an exhaust air unit 15 is arranged. The supply air 33 is distributed in the room 2, an exhaust air 34 flows through the exhaust air unit 15 and is discharged as exhaust air 35 to the outside.

Indem die Außenluft 31 nicht sofort in den Raum 2 eintritt, sondern zunächst als Kanalluft 32 an der Decke entlanggeführt wird, bevor sie durch die Zulufteinheit 14 in den Raum abgegeben wird, entsteht eine Querlüftung, die erreicht, dass sich die Zuluft 33 optimal im Raum 2 verteilt.Because the outside air 31 does not immediately enter the room 2, but is first routed along the ceiling as duct air 32 before it is discharged into the room by the supply air unit 14, a cross-ventilation is created which ensures that the supply air 33 is optimally distributed in the room 2 distributed.

Fig. 2 zeigt eine schematische Ansicht der Außenlufteinheit 11 in einem Ausführungsbeispiel. Die Außenlufteinheit 11 weist ein Außenluftgitter 111, einen Grobfilter 112, einen Schalldämpfer 113 sowie einen UV-Filter 114 auf. Durch diese Komponenten ist erreicht, dass Schadstoffe aus der eintretenden Luft herausgefiltert werden. 2 12 is a schematic view of the outside air unit 11 in an embodiment. The outside air unit 11 has an outside air grille 111 , a coarse filter 112 , a silencer 113 and a UV filter 114 . These components ensure that pollutants are filtered out of the incoming air.

Fig. 3 zeigt eine schematische Ansicht einer Lüftereinheit 13 in einem Ausführungsbeispiel. Die Lüftereinheit 13 weist einen Feinfilter 131, einen Schadstofffilter 132, einen Lüfter 133 sowie einen Schalldämpfer 134 auf. Der Lüfter 131 bewirkt, dass Außenluft angesogen und in den Raum gefördert wird. Der Schalldämpfer 134 bewirkt eine Geräuschreduzierung der Lüftungsanlage. Der Feinfilter 131 sowie der Schadstofffilter 132 filtern weitere schädliche Partikel aus der Luft. 3 shows a schematic view of a fan unit 13 in one embodiment. The fan unit 13 has a fine filter 131 , a pollutant filter 132 , a fan 133 and a silencer 134 . The fan 131 causes outside air to be sucked in and conveyed into the room. The silencer 134 reduces the noise of the ventilation system. The fine filter 131 and the pollutant filter 132 filter other harmful particles from the air.

In Fig. 4 ist eine schematische Ansicht einer Zulufteinheit 14 gezeigt. Die Zuglufteinheit 14 weist ein Zuluftgitter 141 auf. Das Zuluftgitter 141 weist Lamellen 142 auf, die den Luftstrom in mehrere Teilluftströme unterteilen und dadurch den Luftstrom breit streuen.In 4 a schematic view of a supply air unit 14 is shown. The draft unit 14 has a supply air grille 141 . The supply air grille 141 has slats 142 which divide the air flow into several partial air flows and thereby spread the air flow widely.

Claims (7)

  1. A room (2) with a decentralised ventilation system (1) configured for crossventilation of the room (2), comprising an outdoor air unit (11), an extract air unit (15), a supply air unit (14), and an air duct (12),
    the room (2) being separated into a first room zone (22) and a second room zone (23), and comprising a room ceiling (204), a floor (203), a first wall (201), and a second wall (202),
    the first wall (201) being an external wall and the second wall (202) being an internal wall opposite the external wall,
    the outdoor air unit (11) and the extract air unit (15) being routed through the first wall (201) of the room (2), and the supply air unit (14) being located in the region of the second wall (202) of the room (2),
    the air duct (12) leading from the outdoor air unit (11), through the first room zone (22), into the second room zone (23),
    the first room zone (22) occupying about one third of the room (2),
    the air duct (12) comprising no openings in the region of the first room zone (22),
    and
    characterised in that
    the air duct (12) comprises an insulating material (121) forming the air duct (12),
    and
    the air duct (12) is routed to the supply air unit (14) on the room ceiling (204) of the room (2) or on the floor (203) of the room (2).
  2. The room (2) according to claim 1,
    characterised in that
    a supply air grille (141) suitable for dispersing a supply air flow is disposed on the supply air unit (14).
  3. The room (2) according to one of the preceding claims,
    characterised in that
    the outdoor air unit (11) comprises at least one of the following components: an outdoor air grille (111), a coarse filter (112), a silencer (113), and/or a UV filter (114).
  4. The room (2) according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterised in that
    a fan unit (13), comprising at least one of the following components: a fine filter (131), a pollutant filter (132), a fan (113) and/or a silencer (134), is disposed in the air duct (12).
  5. The room (2) according to claim 4,
    characterised in that
    the fan (113) is a constant flow fan.
  6. The room (2) according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterised in that
    a fan is disposed in the extract air unit (15).
  7. A method for installing a decentralised ventilation system (1) for crossventilation of a room (2) separated into a first room zone (22) and a second room zone (23), and comprising a room ceiling (204), a floor (203), a first wall (201), and a second wall (202), the first wall (201) being an external wall and the second wall (202) being an internal wall opposite the external wall, including the steps of:
    - routing an outdoor air unit (11) of the ventilation system (1) through the first wall (201) of the room (2),
    - routing an air duct (12) of the ventilation system (1) from the outdoor air unit (11) on the room ceiling (204) of the room (2) or on the floor (203) of the room (2), through the first room zone (22), into the second room zone (23) to a supply air unit (14) of the ventilation system (1) in the region of the second wall (202) of the room (2), wherein the air duct (12) comprises an insulating material (121) forming the air duct (12), wherein the air duct (12) has no openings in the region of the first room zone (22), and wherein the first room zone (22) occupies at least about one third of the room (2), and
    - routing an extract air unit (15) of the ventilation system (1) through the first wall (201) of the room (2).
EP13001329.5A 2012-03-29 2013-03-15 Ventilation system Active EP2645009B1 (en)

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