EP2644850A1 - System zur Analyse des Betriebs von Kraftwerkseinheiten und Verfahren zur Analyse des Betriebs von Kraftwerkseinheiten - Google Patents
System zur Analyse des Betriebs von Kraftwerkseinheiten und Verfahren zur Analyse des Betriebs von Kraftwerkseinheiten Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2644850A1 EP2644850A1 EP12461509.7A EP12461509A EP2644850A1 EP 2644850 A1 EP2644850 A1 EP 2644850A1 EP 12461509 A EP12461509 A EP 12461509A EP 2644850 A1 EP2644850 A1 EP 2644850A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- flux
- exergy
- steam
- destruction
- power plant
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 71
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 claims description 96
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 42
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000008400 supply water Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- -1 condensate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 9
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010835 comparative analysis Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002803 fossil fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000008236 heating water Substances 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 235000010624 Medicago sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- 238000004422 calculation algorithm Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002542 deteriorative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012417 linear regression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K13/00—General layout or general methods of operation of complete plants
Definitions
- the deterministic model of the block is created according to the first principle of thermodynamics in a form of a set of equations having the following form:
- R n f h i ⁇ m i ⁇ u i ⁇ ⁇ i ⁇ ⁇ i ⁇ x i ; wherein:
- the characteristics of the current operational parameters are created on the basis of the current data for predetermined historical time periods preceding their use in the computations.
- the method further comprises presenting in a graphical form the comparative plots for characteristics of a given operational parameter made for different power plant blocks.
- the method further comprises presenting in a graphical form the comparison of the calculated deviations of the total heat rate for different power plant blocks.
- the method further comprises, by using the predetermined characteristics of operational parameters, presenting in a graphical form the simulation of deviations of heat rate and/or changes of fluxes of destruction of exergy for variable values of the parameter of the characteristic.
- Another object of the present invention is a computer-implemented system for analysis of operation of power plant blocks, in which by using data from an operational data warehouse deterministic models of operation of individual blocks are examined and characteristics of operational parameters are created.
- the system comprises: a module for examining the operational parameters, configured to examine the selected operational parameters by calculating for them the deviation in heat rate in time based on the deterministic model and the characteristic of a given parameter; a module for calculating exergy destruction configured to calculate destruction of exergy in operational process points for the block; and an analysis module configured to present in a graphic form the calculated deviations in heat rate and the destruction of exergy in various points of the process, comparatively for various power plant blocks.
- thermodynamic model of the block and characteristics of parameters determined on the basis of the current operational data. Therefore, it presents current, reliable information which allows to make decisions leading to more efficient operation of a given power block, so as to adapt its performance to the performance of other blocks, to which its work is compared on the presented comparative graphs.
- the use of the thermodynamic model allows to comparatively verify different engineering computations. Presentation of both the heat rate and fluxes of destruction of exergy allows to ascertain that the computations are performed correctly and are not burdened with unexpected, unusual errors. This helps to detect analytical errors and sources of inaccuracies by analysing the operation in different points of the operational process of the block.
- Fig. 1 shows an exemplary schematic diagram of a coal-fired block (CFB).
- CFB coal-fired block
- One plant may have a plurality of blocks of this type - the following example relates to an embodiment with blocks 1, 2 and 3.
- the principles of operation of the CFB are well known to those skilled in the art.
- the references to specific energy fluxes in the block are explained below:
- a deterministic model describing its current process scheme can be developed in accordance with the first law of thermodynamics.
- the characteristics are built from actual data for predetermined historical periods preceding the use of the characteristics in the model computations.
- Monthly periods can be used, which correlate well with monthly cycles of fuel consumption and emission settlements, and therefore allow using balance data from other sources.
- the characteristics of the parameters may relate to the following factors: temperature of live steam after the shut-off valve; pressure of live steam after the shut-off valve; temperature of secondary steam on the turbine; pressure of secondary steam on the turbine; flux of injection water to live steam; flux of injection water to secondary steam; flux of supplementary water; vacuum of the condenser; temperature of supply water to the boiler; air to fuel ratio; concentration of oxygen in flue gas; concentration of CO 2 in flue gas; amount of unburned coal in the ash.
- Fig. 3 shows exemplary comparative characteristics for injection of water to steam, made for two blocks of the plant.
- the characteristics convey a substantial amount of information for analysis of the current operation of blocks and allow building idealized reference functions, which allow calculating the deviations from the ideal states and the possible savings that can be achieved by reducing the heat rate.
- One of the stages of comparing the operation of blocks in the system according to the invention should be a comparative analysis of operating parameters for different blocks. Such an analysis allows detecting possible different influences on the operation of the block or measurement of parameters. It is possible that for two similar blocks there is a significant discrepancy in the settings of operating parameters. Such dependencies have been presented for two blocks of the power plant in Fig. 4 - the temperature after the shut-off valve on the turbine in relation to the flux of supply water; and in Fig. 5 - the pressure after the shut-off valve in relation to the flux of supply water.
- Fig. 6 shows a line of linear characteristics of the optimal setting of the temperature after the shut-off valve on the turbine in relation to the flux of supply water, for an exemplary set of measurement data for this parameter in block 2.
- Fig. 8 shows an example of the method for calculating the heat rate 'hrt' wherein the parameter 't' is calculated from the optimal characteristics curve, created as shown in the previous paragraph.
- the enthalpy is calculated at a point of the process where control of the parameter is desired, for example the temperature of steam after the shut-off valve from the optimal characteristics for the measured flux of steam 'm'.
- the power output 'wn t ' is calculated for the calculated enthalpy, and, if necessary, the input flux of heat 'Qin t '.
- step 103 the power output 'wn' and the input flux of heat 'Qin' are calculated for the current operational parameters.
- step 104 the heat rate for parameter t ⁇ 'hrt' and the heat rate for the parameters currently being measured 'hr', as well as the deviation of the heat rate for parameter t ⁇ ' ⁇ hrt', are calculated. These computations can be made for each characteristic.
- the deviations of heat rate can be presented as a function of ' ⁇ hrt' (time), or in form of histograms for limited time periods, such as hours, days etc.
- the computations from the simulations optimal plots show that the adjustment of procedures for the operation of the power block to the model indications can, for the analyzed power blocks, result in reduction of fuel consumption by about 100 t/day and corresponding reduction of CO 2 by about 140 t/day.
- Fig. 8 shows the result of the computation of deviations of heat rate for a case of use of the temperature characteristic for the live steam input to the turbine.
- the computations were made comparatively for two blocks. As can be seen, a better control of steam temperature indicated by the characteristic may result in some improvement of heat rate.
- the computations for the other parameters may be carried out in similar manner.
- the computations for destruction of exergy in the condenser may be carried out as follows:
- Ex0 is the exergy flux of the reference state, in this case the minimum temperature of the cooling water recorded in all measurements. However, this is irrelevant as this element is cancelled in the further equations.
- ⁇ 25 h ⁇ 25 - T ⁇ 0 * s ⁇ 25 - Ex ⁇ 0 ;
- ⁇ 26 h ⁇ 26 - T ⁇ 0 * s ⁇ 26 - Ex ⁇ 0 ;
- ⁇ 27 h ⁇ 27 - T ⁇ 0 * s ⁇ 27 - Ex ⁇ 0 ;
- the analysis of destruction of exergy in real time can provide information which may lead to improvement of the power block operation, reduction of the value of the irreversibility of the process, and thus improve the efficiency of the process.
- the graph of Fig. 14 shows the thermodynamic efficiency ⁇ according to the second principle of thermodynamics. As expected, block 3 has a higher efficiency - a lower irreversibility of the process and lower destruction of exergy.
- the change of the fluxes of destruction of exergy during simulated operation can be calculated for a chosen parameter, for example, for optimal working conditions.
- the graph of Fig. 15 shows the savings that can be obtained by not using injection of water to steam. For block 2 as much as 8MW can be saved and for block 3 as much as 5MW. It results from the fact that for block 2 significantly higher fluxes were used than for block 2, which can be seen in the graph of Fig. 17 - data for the same measurement period.
- Fig. 16 shows the efficiency of the turbine for block 2 after eliminating injection of water to steam.
- the analysis of the causes of deviation of heat rate and the value of changes in destruction of exergy should be made on a current basis by the engineering crew of the plant.
- Some causes can be attributed to the specific technical conditions, such as the technical condition of the equipment, others to exploitation factors (for example, the cleanness of the condenser), and some to the actions of the operators of the blocks (for example, excessive use of injection water to control the parameters of the steam).
- Fig. 18 shows a schematic of a system according to the invention.
- the system contains an operational data warehouse 201, for collecting and integrating data from system sources (automatic measurement systems comprising sensors placed on different elements of the block) and non-system sources (external files and data entered manually).
- the data warehouse can be in the form of a centralized or a distributed database, serviced by an appropriate computer system.
- the deterministic models are created in module 202, and the characteristics of operational parameters are created in module 203.
- the system comprises a module for examining the operational parameters 211, configured to examine the selected parameters by calculating the deviation of heat rate in time on the basis of the deterministic model and the characteristic of a given parameter.
- the system contains a module for calculating the destruction of exergy 212, configured to calculate the destruction of exergy in points of the process to confirm computation of the deviations of heat rate, as in the above-described method.
- the analysis module 213 is configured to show in a graphical form the calculated deviations of heat rate to allow further analysis, for example, as shown in the graphs of Figs. 9-17 .
- the individual modules are technical means in form of computers connected with each other via a network, running appropriate software providing the functionality of particular modules.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Control Of Turbines (AREA)
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP12461509.7A EP2644850B1 (de) | 2012-03-28 | 2012-03-28 | System zur Analyse des Betriebs von Kraftwerkseinheiten und Verfahren zur Analyse des Betriebs von Kraftwerkseinheiten |
PL12461509T PL2644850T3 (pl) | 2012-03-28 | 2012-03-28 | System do analizy pracy bloków elektrowni i sposób analizy pracy bloków elektrowni |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP12461509.7A EP2644850B1 (de) | 2012-03-28 | 2012-03-28 | System zur Analyse des Betriebs von Kraftwerkseinheiten und Verfahren zur Analyse des Betriebs von Kraftwerkseinheiten |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2644850A1 true EP2644850A1 (de) | 2013-10-02 |
EP2644850B1 EP2644850B1 (de) | 2016-05-04 |
Family
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Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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EP12461509.7A Active EP2644850B1 (de) | 2012-03-28 | 2012-03-28 | System zur Analyse des Betriebs von Kraftwerkseinheiten und Verfahren zur Analyse des Betriebs von Kraftwerkseinheiten |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
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EP (1) | EP2644850B1 (de) |
PL (1) | PL2644850T3 (de) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN113095591A (zh) * | 2021-04-29 | 2021-07-09 | 中国大唐集团科学技术研究院有限公司中南电力试验研究院 | 一种用于火电机组运行参数自寻优的耗差分析方法 |
CN113394814A (zh) * | 2021-06-02 | 2021-09-14 | 清华大学 | 计及热量品位的热电联产机组模型构建方法和装置 |
CN114060113A (zh) * | 2021-11-19 | 2022-02-18 | 浙江大学 | 基于综合性能定量表征的垃圾电厂流程优化方法及装置 |
Citations (8)
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US4214451A (en) * | 1978-11-13 | 1980-07-29 | Systems Control, Inc. | Energy cogeneration system |
EP0389132A2 (de) * | 1989-03-20 | 1990-09-26 | Hitachi, Ltd. | Überwachungsvorrichtung für eine Industrieanlage, Anzeigevorrichtung für eine solche Überwachungsvorrichtung und Verfahren zum Überwachen einer Industrieanlage |
WO1998026160A1 (en) * | 1996-12-13 | 1998-06-18 | Siemens Corporate Research, Inc. | A graphical user interface system for steam turbine operating conditions |
US20010034582A1 (en) * | 2000-03-21 | 2001-10-25 | The Tokyo Electric Power Co. Inc. | Thermal efficiency diagnostic method and apparatus of a combined power generation plant |
JP2007231808A (ja) * | 2006-02-28 | 2007-09-13 | Tokyo Electric Power Co Inc:The | 火力発電プラントのプラント効率算出装置及び方法 |
US20090043406A1 (en) * | 2005-01-28 | 2009-02-12 | Abb Research Ltd. | System and Method for Planning the Operation of, Monitoring Processes in, Simulating, and Optimizing a Combined Power Generation and Water Desalination Plant |
DE102009004255A1 (de) * | 2008-01-10 | 2009-07-16 | General Electric Company | Systeme und Verfahren zum Bestimmen des Betriebswirkungsgrades einer Dampfturbine |
US20100064688A1 (en) * | 2008-09-18 | 2010-03-18 | Smith Douglas W P | Hybrid brayton cycle with solid fuel firing |
Family Cites Families (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US7840332B2 (en) * | 2007-02-28 | 2010-11-23 | General Electric Company | Systems and methods for steam turbine remote monitoring, diagnosis and benchmarking |
-
2012
- 2012-03-28 PL PL12461509T patent/PL2644850T3/pl unknown
- 2012-03-28 EP EP12461509.7A patent/EP2644850B1/de active Active
Patent Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US4214451A (en) * | 1978-11-13 | 1980-07-29 | Systems Control, Inc. | Energy cogeneration system |
EP0389132A2 (de) * | 1989-03-20 | 1990-09-26 | Hitachi, Ltd. | Überwachungsvorrichtung für eine Industrieanlage, Anzeigevorrichtung für eine solche Überwachungsvorrichtung und Verfahren zum Überwachen einer Industrieanlage |
WO1998026160A1 (en) * | 1996-12-13 | 1998-06-18 | Siemens Corporate Research, Inc. | A graphical user interface system for steam turbine operating conditions |
US20010034582A1 (en) * | 2000-03-21 | 2001-10-25 | The Tokyo Electric Power Co. Inc. | Thermal efficiency diagnostic method and apparatus of a combined power generation plant |
US20090043406A1 (en) * | 2005-01-28 | 2009-02-12 | Abb Research Ltd. | System and Method for Planning the Operation of, Monitoring Processes in, Simulating, and Optimizing a Combined Power Generation and Water Desalination Plant |
JP2007231808A (ja) * | 2006-02-28 | 2007-09-13 | Tokyo Electric Power Co Inc:The | 火力発電プラントのプラント効率算出装置及び方法 |
DE102009004255A1 (de) * | 2008-01-10 | 2009-07-16 | General Electric Company | Systeme und Verfahren zum Bestimmen des Betriebswirkungsgrades einer Dampfturbine |
US20100064688A1 (en) * | 2008-09-18 | 2010-03-18 | Smith Douglas W P | Hybrid brayton cycle with solid fuel firing |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
"The International Association for the Properties of Water and Steam", 2007, LUCERNE, article "Revised Release on the IAPWS Industrial Formulation 1997 for the Thermodynamic Properties of Water and Steam" |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN113095591A (zh) * | 2021-04-29 | 2021-07-09 | 中国大唐集团科学技术研究院有限公司中南电力试验研究院 | 一种用于火电机组运行参数自寻优的耗差分析方法 |
CN113394814A (zh) * | 2021-06-02 | 2021-09-14 | 清华大学 | 计及热量品位的热电联产机组模型构建方法和装置 |
CN113394814B (zh) * | 2021-06-02 | 2022-06-21 | 清华大学 | 计及热量品位的热电联产机组模型构建方法和装置 |
CN114060113A (zh) * | 2021-11-19 | 2022-02-18 | 浙江大学 | 基于综合性能定量表征的垃圾电厂流程优化方法及装置 |
CN114060113B (zh) * | 2021-11-19 | 2022-07-22 | 浙江大学 | 基于综合性能定量表征的垃圾电厂流程优化方法及装置 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP2644850B1 (de) | 2016-05-04 |
PL2644850T3 (pl) | 2017-03-31 |
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