EP2638437B1 - Magnetischer und/oder elektrostatischer stossdämpfer - Google Patents

Magnetischer und/oder elektrostatischer stossdämpfer Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2638437B1
EP2638437B1 EP11769865.4A EP11769865A EP2638437B1 EP 2638437 B1 EP2638437 B1 EP 2638437B1 EP 11769865 A EP11769865 A EP 11769865A EP 2638437 B1 EP2638437 B1 EP 2638437B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
component
pivot
pole piece
shock
partially
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EP11769865.4A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP2638437A1 (de
Inventor
Sylvain Maréchal
Davide Sarchi
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Montres Breguet SA
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Montres Breguet SA
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Priority to EP11769865.4A priority Critical patent/EP2638437B1/de
Publication of EP2638437A1 publication Critical patent/EP2638437A1/de
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B31/00—Bearings; Point suspensions or counter-point suspensions; Pivot bearings; Single parts therefor
    • G04B31/02—Shock-damping bearings
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B31/00—Bearings; Point suspensions or counter-point suspensions; Pivot bearings; Single parts therefor
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B31/00—Bearings; Point suspensions or counter-point suspensions; Pivot bearings; Single parts therefor
    • G04B31/004—Bearings; Point suspensions or counter-point suspensions; Pivot bearings; Single parts therefor characterised by the material used

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a magnetic and / or electrostatic pivot comprising a watch component, said watch component being made of at least partially magnetically or at least partially magnetic permeable material, and / or of at least partially conductive material or at least partially electrified material, said component having a first end and a second end, and being made of at least partially magnetically or at least partially magnetically permeable material at said first end and at said second end, or respectively at least partially conductive or at least partially electrified at said first end; and at said second end, said pivot comprising, for the protection of said component, an anti-shock device which comprises a chamber in which said component is pivotally mounted between said first end and said second end ed.
  • the invention also relates to a watch movement comprising at least one such magnetic pivot and / or electrostatic.
  • the invention also relates to a timepiece comprising at least one such watch movement, and / or at least one such magnetic pivot and / or electrostatic.
  • the invention relates to the field of micro-mechanics and in particular watchmaking, to which it is particularly well suited.
  • the watchmaking technique uses traditional solutions to guarantee the anti-shock functions of watch components, such as a pendulum. These solutions are based on the elastic response of parts having shockproof function and on the mechanical friction between the shock and the component to be protected.
  • Traditional shockproofing is characterized in particular by a threshold acceleration below which the shockproof is not deformed and by a function of radial refocusing of the component after the impact which is relatively imprecise.
  • the maintenance of the mobile on the first polar mass does not correspond to a support, since there is solidarity between this mobile and the inner tubular magnet, via a flange and one of these two sockets .
  • the mobile of this patent is not free with respect to the first polar mass constituted by the inner magnet, but only with respect to the second polar mass constituted by the external magnet.
  • the invention proposes, to overcome the limitations of the prior art, a protection configuration of a component, and in particular a watch component, pivotally mounted between holding means with or without contact.
  • the essential characteristic is the mobility of these holding means, whose normal operating position is a stable equilibrium position, these holding means are movable, with respect to a structure, under the effect of a strong acceleration created by shock, to preserve the integrity of the component and its environment.
  • the invention relates to a magnetic and / or electrostatic pivot according to claim 1.
  • this shockproof device comprises means for damping the movement of at least one or each of said polar masses, and / or elastic return means of at least one or each of said polar masses. , said damping means and / or said elastic return means being arranged to absorb the energy imparted to said polar masses during an impact, and to bring back after said shock at least one or each of said polar masses in a position of stable equilibrium that it occupied prior to the shock.
  • the invention also relates to a watch movement comprising at least one such magnetic pivot and / or electrostatic.
  • the invention also relates to a timepiece comprising at least one such watch movement, and / or at least one such magnetic pivot and / or electrostatic.
  • the invention relates to a shockproof device 10 for protecting a watchmaking component 1 pivotally mounted between a first end 2 and a second end 3.
  • This shockproof device 10 comprises, on either side of these first 2 and second 3 ends, on the one hand pivoting guide means or attraction means of the first end 2 held in abutment on a first polar mass 4 separate from the component 1, and secondly, in the vicinity of a second polar mass 6 separate from the component 1, means for pivotally guiding the second end 2 or means of attraction of this second end 2 towards the second polar mass 6.
  • the component 1 is, at least in the vicinity of its first end 2 and its second end 3, preferably made of a magnetically permeable material and / or conductor. In a particular embodiment of the invention, this material is, again, magnetized and / or electrified.
  • the first polar mass 4 and the second polar mass 6 are distinct from the component 1, and are each situated at the periphery or near the chamber 1A, and are each made of at least partially magnetic material or respectively at least partially magnetically permeable, or and in at least partially electrified or at least partially conductive material.
  • the component 1 is freely mounted in the chamber 1A between the polar masses 4 and 6 and so as to bear on a bearing surface near one of these polar masses 4, 6.
  • the pivoting guide means or the means of attraction of the first end 2 on the one hand, and the pivoting guide means or the means of attraction of the second end 3 on the other hand are movable along an axial direction D between stops.
  • this shockproof device 10 comprises, on either side of the first 2 and second 3 ends, on the one hand means of attraction of the first end 2 for the maintenance of this first end. 2 resting on a first polar mass 4, and secondly, in the vicinity of a second polar mass 6, means for attracting this second end 3 towards the second polar mass 6, and the means for attracting the first end 2 on the one hand, and the attraction means of said second end 3 on the other hand, are movable along an axial direction D between stops.
  • This axial direction D is illustrated in the figures in a particular case where it is linear. It can also be curvilinear.
  • this shockproof device 10 preferably comprises means for damping the movement of at least one or each of the polar masses 4, 6 and / or elastic return means of at least one or each of the masses.
  • damping means or / and these elastic return means are designed to absorb the energy communicated to the polar masses 4, 6 during an impact, and to bring back after this same shock at least one or each polar masses 4, 6 in a position of stable equilibrium that it occupied prior to this shock.
  • the shockproof device 10 is arranged so that at least the first mass 4 or the second mass 6 comprises guide means 14, 16 arranged to cooperate, under a strong acceleration printed to the component 1 during an impact, in sliding along the axial direction D, with fixed complementary guide means 15, 17 that comprise structural elements 12, 13, of the device 10.
  • the first mass 4 and the second mass 6 respectively comprise these means of guiding 14, 16.
  • the anti-shock device 10 comprises such damping means, which are of the viscous friction type.
  • the anti-shock device 10 comprises such damping means, which comprise a compressible fluid between the polar mass 4, 6 concerned and a stop 42, 44 which limits its stroke away from the component 1.
  • the first polar mass 4 and the second polar mass 6 are each movable in a chamber between two stops, respectively 41 and 42, 43 and 44.
  • the anti-shock device 10 comprises means for damping the movement of each of the polar masses 4, 6 in their respective chamber.
  • the shockproof device 10 comprises such damping means, comprising a deformable memory damper 23, 24 arranged to dissipate the kinetic energy of a shock, and to slowly return to its original shape after an impact.
  • this shape memory deformable damper 23, 24 is neoprene.
  • the shockproof device 1 may comprise both damping means, and elastic return means, which are differentiated by their time constant, the return to the stable equilibrium position being slower with the damping means with the elastic return means.
  • the axial direction D is linear.
  • the component 1 is made of at least partially magnetically or at least partially magnetic permeable material at a first end 2 and at a second end 3.
  • the anti-shock device 10 then comprises, on either side of the first 2 and second 3 ends, at an upper gap distance, the value of a determined functional clearance J, at the center distance between the first end 2 and the second end 3, a first surface 5 of a first polar mass 4 and a second surface 7 of a second polar mass 6.
  • These polar masses 4, 6 are arranged to be either attracted each by a magnetic field emitted by one of the first end 2 or second end 3 of the component 1, or each to generate a magnetic field attracting a first end 2 or second end 3 of component 1, these magnetic fields being of different intensity at the first end 2 and the second end 3, so that the magnetic attraction forces acting on the component 1 at both ends 2, 3 are of different intensity, so as to attract the component 1 by one of its two ends 2, 3, in direct or indirect contact on only one of the surfaces 5, 7 of the polar masses 4, 6.
  • the first polar mass 4 and the second polar mass 6 are each magnetic material, or magnetically permeable, and are magnetic if the component 1 is not.
  • the first polar mass 4 and the second polar mass 6, preferably together define an axial direction D, on which is aligned a longitudinal axis of the component 1 joining the first end 2 and second end 3 of the latter, when the component 1 is inserted between the first polar mass 4 and the second polar mass 6
  • the device is calculated so that the gap distance between the first surface 5 and the second surface 7 is dimensioned so as to ensure the determined functional clearance J over the entire operating temperature range of the shockproof device 10 and the component 1.
  • FIG. figure 3 The principle of such a magnetic shockproof construction for a component 1, which is shown, in a preferred but nonlimiting application, in the form of a balance shaft, is shown in FIG. figure 3 .
  • These polar masses 4 and 6 are magnetized if the component 1 is not, they can be magnetically permeable or magnetized when the component 1 is magnetized.
  • These polar masses 4, 6 may in particular be constituted by micro-magnets, whose polarities are in agreement, and which define the pivoting of the axis of the component 1.
  • the support of this axis is guaranteed, or by two stones interposed between the axis and the polar masses or magnets, or by a curing treatment of the surface of the polar masses or magnets.
  • the two polar masses 4 and 6 are, according to the invention, each movable in a chamber limited by stops, respectively 41, 42 on the one hand, and 43, 44 on the other hand. Their movement is made according to an axial play, respectively h 1 and h 2 .
  • the minimum distance between the polar masses 4 and 6 is fixed by the stops 41 and 43 closest to the component, while the maximum distance is fixed by the stops 42, 44, the farthest from the component 1, here constituted by the bottom feats.
  • the two polar masses 4 and 6, and the component 1 are arranged in such a way that the magnetic forces and moments acting on the component are attractive forces, tending to attract the component 1 towards contact surfaces 5 and 7 that comprise either the polar masses 4 and 6, or spacers 18, 19, interposed between these polar masses and the component 1.
  • the normal position of the polar masses is that represented on the figures 1 and 3 in a position where the magnetic fields are organized around the component 1 with an imbalance, so that it comes into contact with only one of the surfaces 5 or 7, ie the surface 5 in the figures, and remains at a distance J corresponding to a predetermined functional clearance of the other of these surfaces:
  • the mobility of the polar masses 4 and 6 is preferably impeded by damping means, or else elastic return means.
  • the damping means which are preferred, can take different forms: in the case of the figure 1 , viscous friction means of the polar masses 4 and 6 in chambers in which they are movable, this viscous friction being completed by the presence of a compressible fluid between the polar masses 4, 6, and their abutments 42, 44, the farthest from component 1.
  • the damping means comprise dampers 23, 24, arranged to absorb a shock by allowing axial mobility, along the z direction of the figure 1 , or the axial pivoting direction D of the figure 3 , of one or the other polar mass 4 or 6, and to bring them slowly back to their position prior to impact. Therefore, elastic return means, such as springs, are also possible, however their stiffness must be calculated in order to avoid too stiff a return, and a reverse impact effect on the component 1, which is not desired .
  • these dampers 23 and 24 are made of neoprene, or silicone, or comprise at least a portion of neoprene, or silicone, because of the slow return characteristics in the form of these shape memory materials.
  • Such dampers placed on the internal walls of guide chambers of the polar masses 4 and 6 and inside the stops, are thus used to dissipate the kinetic energy of the shock and to prevent the polar masses or magnets from colliding with the walls or their rear stops 42, 44 during the impact, or with the stops 41, 43, the closest to the component 1, after the impact.
  • the dampers may also be constructed so as to constitute themselves the extreme stops, as in the case of the figure 3 where they are fixed at the ends of complementary guide means 15 and 17, here bores, cooperating with guide means 14 and 16 that comprise, here in the form of cylindrical surfaces, the polar masses 4 and 6.
  • dampers are however not necessary, if the axial play and the energy of the magnets are sufficiently large, and if the magnets are subjected to a viscous friction inside the encave which guarantees the dissipation of the 'energy.
  • the size and energy of the magnets used, either in the polar masses 4 and 6, or in the component 1, or in the polar masses 4 and 6 and the component 1, as well as the profile of the axis of the component 1 are optimized to produce a net magnetic attraction force towards one of the two polar masses.
  • magnets More particularly, the preferred case in which the polar masses 4 and 6 are magnetic, will also be called "magnets”.
  • the integration is done on the volume of the axis V axis .
  • the axis therefore bears on the same magnet.
  • the figure 1 thus illustrates an embodiment of magnetic balance with axial symmetry: the balance shaft 1, made of soft magnetizable or magnetic material, is between two permanent magnets 4 and 6 whose magnetic polarization is directed in the same direction corresponding to the z direction of the figure 3 , here under the axial direction reference D corresponding to a pivot axis of the component 1.
  • the support of the balance shaft can be guaranteed or by two stones 18, 19, interposed between the magnets and the balance shaft, or by a surface treatment of the magnets.
  • the magnets have an axial play h 1 and h 2 respectively, determined by the stops 41, 42 and 43, 44.
  • the axial clearance allows the dissipation of the energy of the shock through the movement of the magnets.
  • the radial dampers 32 and 33 have the function of preventing the axis from emerging from the region of magnetic influence, and have no contact with the component 1 during normal operation thereof. This property is valid for all positions of the watch, so also in a vertical position.
  • the axis is maintained in the region of influence of the magnetic field by the shockproofing 32 and 33: after the shock, the refocusing is guaranteed by the magnetic interaction that brings the axis exactly in the center of the magnets by aligning it perfectly in the z direction.
  • the dissipative mechanisms act on the movement of the magnets and not on the axis, the dissipation due to the friction of the pivot of the balance is almost zero during normal operation.
  • the quality factor of the regulator is thus independent of the shockproof function and can be much higher than for a traditional mechanical system.
  • the axis of the component may itself be a permanent magnet, thus maximizing magnetic forces and torques.
  • the determined functional game J is strictly positive.
  • the functional clearance J determined is greater than or equal to 0.020 mm.
  • the choice of the magnetic permeability of the material of the component 1, and the determination of the magnetization, as the case may be, of the first mass 4 and the second mass 6 on the one hand, and / or the component 1 on the other hand , are preferably made so that the magnetic fields attracting the first end 2 and second end 3 each exert on the component 1 attraction forces greater than ten times the force of attraction of gravity on the component 1.
  • the magnetic field density in the vicinity of the first surface 5 and the second surface 7 is greater than or equal to 100,000 A / m.
  • the shockproof device 10 also advantageously comprises shielding means 20 arranged to prohibit the action of any magnetic field having a radial component with respect to the axial direction D, in the vicinity of the first 5 and second 7 contact surfaces.
  • these shielding means 20 comprise at least one tubular part 21, 22 oriented on the axial direction D and surrounding the first mass 4 and the second mass 6, and at least the second end 3 of the component 1.
  • At least the first surface 5 comprises a hard coating or is constituted by a hard surface of a spacer 18 interposed between the first mass 4 and the component 1.
  • a spacer 19 can be interposed between the second mass 6 and component 1.
  • the anti-shock device 10 comprises magnetic field looping means between the first mass 4 and the second mass 6.
  • the attraction between the polar masses 4, 6, and the component 1 is of electrostatic nature.
  • the notion of relative permittivity or dielectric constant is then substituted for the notion of magnetic permeability, and the notion of electrostatic field is substituted for that of magnetic field.
  • the construction of the anti-shock device 10 is entirely similar, and is sized according to the permanent electrostatic fields established between the component 1 and the polar masses 4 and 6.
  • the anti-shock device 10 relates to the protection of a watch component 1 made of at least partially conductive material or at least partially electrified material at a first end 2 and a second end 3.
  • this shockproof device 10 comprises , on either side of said first 2 and second 3 ends, at an upper gap distance, the value of a determined functional clearance J, at the distance between the first end 2 and the second end 3, a first surface 5 of a first polar mass 4 and a second surface 7 of a second polar mass 6, which polar masses 4; 6 are arranged to either be each attracted by an electrostatic field emitted by one of the first end 2 or second end 3 of the component 1, or to each generate an electrostatic field attracting one of the first end 2 or second end 3 of the component 1 these electrostatic fields being of different intensity at the first end 2 and the second end 3, so that the electrostatic attraction forces acting on the component 1 at its two ends 2, 3 are different intensity, so as to attract the component 1 by one of its two ends, in direct or indirect contact on only
  • FIGS. 4 and 5 illustrate an advantageous embodiment, comprising a damping assembly, because of its high compactness, and its overall low thickness.
  • the bearing surface 18A is a polished concave spherical sector made in a stone 18. It is plated on a permanent magnet 4, which develops a remanent magnetic field greater than 1 Tesla. In contrast to the stone 18 with respect to the magnet 4 is disposed a support stone 43 having a polished convex profile.
  • the stone 18, the magnet 4 and the support stone 43 are inserted together in a kitten 40, made for example cupro-beryllium.
  • the stone 19 and the support stone 46 are mounted in the kitten 40 with a clamping or gluing, or a means of mastery, guaranteeing a holding greater than 1 N.
  • This kitten 40 slides freely in a block 41, which has an opening 34 for the passage of the first end 2 of the component 1, here constituted by a sprung-balance assembly.
  • This block 41 comprises, in the vicinity of this opening 34, a radial shock absorber or a radial damper 32, constituted in particular by a range of revolution about the axis D.
  • the assembly is assembled so that the first end 2 of the component 1 is mobile in support in the convex bowl 18A, and that the support stone 43 has its convex sector at the other end.
  • This outer block 41 acts as a stop during shocks on the component 1.
  • the first end 2 of the component or the rocker 1 has a curvature, which is less than that of the concave cap of the stone 18, to ensure contact on a single bridge.
  • the concave curvature 18A of the stone 18 makes it possible to reduce the gap distance between the polar mass 6 and the first end 2 of the component 1, and also constitutes a reservoir for the oil.
  • the bearing surface 19A is a polished concave spherical sector made of a stone 19. It is plated on a permanent magnet 6, which develops a remanent magnetic field greater than 1 Tesla.
  • a bearing stone 46 having a polished convex profile. The stone 19, the magnet 6 and the support stone 46, are inserted together in a kitten 44, made for example cupro-beryllium. This kitten 44 slides freely in a block 45, which has an opening 35 for the passage of the second end 3 of the component 1.
  • This block 45 comprises, in the vicinity of this opening 35, a radial shock absorber or a radial damper 33, consisting in particular by a range of revolution about the axis D.
  • the assembly is assembled so that the second end 3 of the component 1 is mobile in support in the convex bowl 19A, and that the bearing stone 46 presents its convex sector at the other end.
  • the figure 4 illustrates this end assembly on the side of the second end 3, which is damped by a damper constituted by an elastic arm 50 fall arrest.
  • This elastic arm 50 is fixed on a plate 30 or on a bridge 31, it comprises a free end, which bears on the convex cap of the supporting stone 46, by at least one contact surface, and, in this preferred example by three contact areas 51, 52, 53 arranged in a triangle.
  • the force is perfectly distributed, and the axial retention of the carrier assembly of the second polar mass 6 is ensured.
  • Such an elastic arm fall arrestor is preferably mounted with a prestressing of the order of 0.5 N.
  • the magnets 4 and 6 are preferably Nd-Fe-B permanent magnets, for example of the "Vacodym®” type of "Vacuumschmelze GmbH".
  • the invention also relates to a magnetic pivot 100 and / or electrostatic comprising a watch component 1, made of material at least partially magnetically permeable or at least partially magnetic, at a first end 2 and a second end 3, respectively at least partially driver or at least partially electrified at a first end 2 and at a second end 3, and comprising such an anti-shock device 10.
  • this magnetic pivot 100 and / or electrostatic comprises access means for the insertion of the component 1 in the air gap, or is made dismountable in several parts comprising means of cooperation between them or / and with a bridge 31 and / or a plate 30 to allow mounting of the component 1 supported by its first end 2 on a first portion having the first surface 5 and the first mass 4, prior to mounting a second portion having the second surface 7 and the second mass 6.
  • a magnetic pivot 100 and / or electrostatic as shown in the figure 1 comprises a component 1 which has a tapered portion, of revolution about the axial direction D which is linear, and of degressive section from the center of gravity of the component 1 to the second end 3, so as to improve the magnetic field gradient at near the second surface 7, and to facilitate the centering of the second end 3 on the axial direction D.
  • the magnetic pivot 100 and / or electrostatic advantageously comprises a component 1 which is dynamically balanced, for its maximum rotational speed, around a longitudinal axis joining the first end 2 and the second end 3.
  • the first end 2 of the component 1 is arranged with a point contact surface with the first surface 5, the point contact surface being locally spherical or conical.
  • the first surface 5 comprises a receiving surface arranged to cooperate with the first end 2, the receiving surface being hollow and locally spherical or conical.
  • the component 1 is a rocker whose pivot axis coincides with the axial direction D.
  • the invention also relates to a watch movement 1000 comprising at least one such anti-shock device 10, and / or at least one such pivot 100 magnetic and / or electrostatic.
  • the invention also relates to a timepiece comprising at least one such watch movement 1000, and / or at least one such shockproof device 10, and / or at least one such pivot 100 magnetic and / or electrostatic.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Vibration Prevention Devices (AREA)
  • Micromachines (AREA)
  • Electric Clocks (AREA)

Claims (21)

  1. Magnetisches und/oder elektrostatisches Drehgelenk (100), das eine Uhrenkomponente (1) enthält, wobei die Uhrenkomponente (1) aus einem entweder wenigstens teilweise magnetisch permeablen oder aus einem wenigstens teilweise magnetischen Material und/oder aus einem entweder wenigstens teilweise leitenden oder wenigstens teilweise elektrisch geladenen Material besteht, wobei die Komponente (1) ein erstes Ende (2) und ein zweites Ende (3) aufweist und an dem ersten Ende (2) und an dem zweiten Ende (3) aus einem wenigstens teilweise magnetisch permeablen oder wenigstens teilweise magnetischen Material besteht oder an dem ersten Ende (2) und an dem zweiten Ende (3) aus einem wenigstens teilweise leitenden oder wenigstens teilweise elektrisch geladenen Material besteht, wobei das Drehgelenk (100) für den Schutz der Komponente (1) eine Stoßverhinderungsvorrichtung (10) umfasst, die eine Kammer (1A) aufweist, in der die Komponente (1) schwenkbar zwischen dem ersten Ende (2) und dem zweiten Ende (3) montiert ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Stoßverhinderungsvorrichtung (10) beiderseits des ersten (2) und des zweiten (3) Endes einerseits Mittel zum Anziehen des ersten Endes (2), um das erste Ende (2) abgestützt an einer ersten polaren Masse (4) zu halten, und andererseits in der Nähe einer zweiten polaren Masse (6) Mittel zum Anziehen des zweiten Endes (3) zu der zweiten polaren Masse (6) umfasst und dass die Mittel zum Anziehen des ersten Endes (2) einerseits und die Mittel zum Anziehen des zweiten Endes (3) andererseits längs einer axialen Richtung (D) zwischen Anschlägen beweglich sind, und außerdem dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die erste polare Masse (4) und die zweite polare Masse (6) von der Komponente (1) verschieden sind und sich jeweils am Umfang oder in einer Umgebung der Kammer (1A) befinden und jeweils aus einem entweder wenigstens teilweise magnetischen oder wenigstens teilweise magnetisch permeablen Material und/oder aus einem wenigstens teilweise elektrisch geladenen oder wenigstens teilweise leitenden Material sind, und weiterhin dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Komponente (1) in der Kammer (1A) zwischen den polaren Massen (4; 6) frei und in der Weise montiert ist, dass sie sich an einer Abstützoberfläche in der Umgebung einer einzigen der polaren Massen (4; 6) abstützen kann.
  2. Drehgelenk (100) nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Stoßverhinderungsvorrichtung (10) Mittel zum Dämpfen der Bewegung mittels einer oder jeder der polaren Massen (4; 6) und/oder Mittel zum elastischen Rückstellen wenigstens einer oder jeder der polaren Massen (4; 6) umfasst, wobei die Dämpfungsmittel und/oder die elastischen Rückstellmittel dafür ausgelegt sind, die Energie, die an die polaren Massen (4; 6) bei einem Stoß übertragen wird, zu absorbieren und wenigstens eine oder jede der polaren Massen (4; 6) nach diesem Stoß in eine stabile Gleichgewichtsposition, die sie vor dem Stoß eingenommen hatte, zurückzustellen.
  3. Drehgelenk (100) nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass wenigstens die erste Masse (4) oder die zweite Masse (6) Führungsmittel (14; 16) umfasst, die dafür ausgelegt sind, unter einer starken Beschleunigung, mit der die Komponente (1) bei einem Stoß beaufschlagt wird, durch Gleiten längs einer axialen Richtung (D) mit festen komplementären Führungsmitteln (15; 17) zusammenzuwirken, die die Vorrichtung (10) aufweist.
  4. Drehgelenk (100) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Stoßverhinderungsvorrichtung (10) Mittel zum Dämpfen der Bewegung wenigstens einer oder jeder der polaren Massen (4, 6) umfasst, die dafür ausgelegt sind, die Energie, die an die polaren Massen (4; 6) während eines Stoßes übertragen wird, zu absorbieren und wenigstens eine oder jede der polaren Massen (4; 6) nach diesem Stoß in eine stabile Gleichgewichtsposition, die sie vor dem Stoß eingenommen hatte, zurückzustellen, und dass die Dämpfungsmittel entweder vom viskosen Reibungstyp sind oder ein komprimierbares Fluid zwischen der betreffenden polaren Masse (4; 6) und einem Anschlag (42; 44), der ihren Lauf gegenüber der Komponente (1) begrenzt, umfassen oder einen verformbaren Dämpfer mit Formerinnerung (23, 24) umfassen, der dafür ausgelegt ist, die kinetische Energie eines Stoßes abzuführen und nach einem Stoß in seine anfängliche Form zurückzukehren.
  5. Drehgelenk (100) nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Dämpfungsmittel vom viskosen Reibungstyp sind.
  6. Drehgelenk (100) nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Dämpfungsmittel zwischen der betreffenden polaren Masse (4; 6) und einem Anschlag (42; 44), der ihren Lauf entgegen der Komponente (1) begrenzt, ein komprimierbares Fluid umfassen.
  7. Drehgelenk (100) nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Dämpfungsmittel einen verformbaren Dämpfer mit Formerinnerung (23, 24) umfassen, der dafür ausgelegt ist, die kinetische Energie eines Stoßes abzuführen und nach einem Stoß seine ursprüngliche Form wieder anzunehmen.
  8. Drehgelenk (100) nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der verformbare Dämpfer mit Formerinnerung (23, 24) durch einen elastischen Arm (50) gebildet ist, der an einer Platine (30) oder an einer Brücke (31) befestigt ist und ein freies Ende aufweist, das sich an einer konvexen Kappe eines Abstützsteins (46) an wenigstens einer Kontaktoberfläche abstützt.
  9. Drehgelenk (100) nach Anspruch 7 oder 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Bewegungsdämpfungsmittel einen Block (41; 45) umfassen, in dem eine Steinlagerung (40; 44) frei gleitet, die gemeinsam einen Stein (18; 19) halten, der eine konkave Abstützoberfläche (18A, 19A) für das erste oder das zweite Ende (2; 3) des beweglichen Elements (1) aufweist, wobei sich der Stein (18; 19) an einer polaren Masse (4; 6) abstützt, die sich ihrerseits an einem Abstützstein (43; 46) abstützt, der mit einem verformbaren Dämpfer mit Formerinnerung (23, 24) zusammenwirken kann.
  10. Drehgelenk (100) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Uhrenkomponente (1) an dem ersten Ende (2) und an dem zweiten Ende (3) aus einem wenigstens teilweise magnetisch permeablen oder wenigstens teilweise magnetischen Material besteht und dass die Stoßverhinderungsvorrichtung (10) beiderseits des ersten (2) und des zweiten (3) Endes in einem oberen Luftspaltabstand mit dem Wert eines bestimmten funktionalen Spiels (J) im Mittenabstand zwischen dem ersten Ende (2) und dem zweiten Ende (3) eine erste Oberfläche (5) der ersten polaren Masse (4) und eine zweite Oberfläche (7) der zweiten polaren Masse (6) aufweist, wobei die polaren Massen (4; 6) dafür ausgelegt sind, entweder jeweils von einem Magnetfeld, das durch das erste Ende (2) oder das zweite Ende (3) der Komponente (1) angelegt wird, angezogen zu werden oder um jeweils ein Magnetfeld zu erzeugen, das das erste Ende (2) oder das zweite Ende (3) der Komponente (1) anzieht, wobei die Magnetfelder auf Höhe des ersten Endes (2) und des zweiten Endes (3) eine unterschiedliche Stärke haben, derart, dass die magnetischen Anziehungskräfte, die auf die Komponente (1) an ihren beiden Enden (2; 3) wirken, eine unterschiedliche Stärke haben, derart, dass die Komponente (1) durch eines ihrer zwei Enden in direktem oder indirektem Kontakt an einer einzigen der Oberflächen (5; 7) der polaren Massen (4; 6) angezogen wird, und dass die erste polare Masse (4) und die zweite polare Masse (6) jeweils in einer Kammer zwischen zwei Anschlägen (41, 42; 43, 44) beweglich sind.
  11. Drehgelenk (100) nach Anspruch 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Stoßverhinderungsvorrichtung (10) Abschirmungsmittel (20) umfasst, die dafür ausgelegt sind, die Wirkung jedes Magnetfeldes mit radialer Komponente in Bezug auf die axiale Richtung (D) in der Nähe der ersten (5) und der zweiten (7) Kontaktoberfläche zu verhindern.
  12. Drehgelenk (100) nach Anspruch 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Abschirmungsmittel (20) wenigstens einen rohrförmigen Teil (21; 22) umfassen, dessen Mittelachse mit der axialen Richtung (D) zusammenfällt und der die erste Masse (4) und die zweite Masse (6) und wenigstens das zweite Ende (3) der Komponente (1) umgibt.
  13. Drehgelenk (100) nach einem der Ansprüche 10 bis 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Drehgelenk (100) eine solche Komponente (1) umfasst, die einen im Wesentlichen wellenartigen Teil aus einem magnetisch permeablen Material aufweist, und dass die erste Masse (4) und die zweite Masse (6) jeweils aus einem magnetischen Material bestehen.
  14. Drehgelenk (100) nach einem der Ansprüche 10 bis 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Drehgelenk (100) eine solche Komponente (1) umfasst, die einen im Wesentlichen wellenartigen Teil aus einem magnetischen Material aufweist, und dass die erste Masse (4) und die zweite Masse (5) jeweils aus einem magnetisch permeablen Material bestehen.
  15. Drehgelenk (100) nach einem der Ansprüche 10 bis 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Drehgelenk (100) eine solche Komponente (1) umfasst, die einen im Wesentlichen wellenartigen Teil aus magnetischem Material aufweist, und dass die erste Masse (4) und die zweite Masse (6) jeweils aus einem magnetischen Material bestehen.
  16. Drehgelenk (100) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Uhrenkomponente (1) an einem ersten Ende (2) und an einem zweiten Ende (3) aus einem wenigstens teilweise leitenden oder wenigstens teilweise elektrisch geladenen Material besteht, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Stoßverhinderungsvorrichtung (10) beiderseits des ersten (2) und des zweiten (3) Endes in einem oberen Luftspaltabstand mit dem Wert eines bestimmten funktionalen Spiels (J) im Mittenabstand zwischen dem ersten Ende (2) und dem zweiten Ende (3) eine erste Oberfläche (5) der ersten polaren Masse (4) und eine zweite Oberfläche (7) der zweiten polaren Masse (6) aufweist, wobei die polaren Massen (4; 6) dafür ausgelegt sind, um entweder jeweils durch ein elektrostatisches Feld, das durch das erste Ende (2) oder das zweite Ende (3) der Komponente (1) angelegt wird, angezogen zu werden oder um jeweils ein elektrostatisches Feld zu erzeugen, das das erste Ende (2) oder das zweite Ende (3) der Komponente (1) anzieht, wobei die elektrostatischen Felder auf Höhe des ersten Endes (2) und des zweiten Endes (3) eine unterschiedliche Stärke haben, derart, dass die elektrostatischen Anziehungskräfte auf die Komponente (1) an ihren beiden Enden (2; 3) mit unterschiedlicher Stärke wirken, derart, dass die Komponente (1) durch eines ihrer zwei Enden in direktem oder indirektem Kontakt an einer einzigen der Oberflächen (5; 7) der polaren Massen (4; 6) angezogen wird und dass die erste polare Masse (4) und die zweite polare Masse (6) jeweils in einer Kammer zwischen zwei Anschlägen (41, 42; 43, 44) beweglich sind.
  17. Drehgelenk (100) nach Anspruch 16, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Drehgelenk (100) eine solche Komponente (1) umfasst, die einen im Wesentlichen wellenartigen Teil aus leitendem Material aufweist, und dass die erste Masse (4) und die zweite Masse (6) jeweils aus einem wenigstens teilweise elektrisch geladenen Material bestehen.
  18. Drehgelenk (100) nach Anspruch 16, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Drehgelenk (100) eine solche Komponente (1) umfasst, die einen im Wesentlichen wellenartigen Teil aus einem wenigstens teilweise elektrisch geladenen Teil aufweist, und dass die erste Masse (4) und die zweite Masse (6) jeweils aus einem leitenden Material bestehen.
  19. Drehgelenk (100) nach Anspruch 16, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Drehgelenk (100) eine solche Komponente (1) umfasst, die einen im Wesentlichen wellenartigen Teil aus einem wenigstens teilweise elektrisch geladenen Material aufweist, und dass die erste Masse (4) und die zweite Masse (6) jeweils aus einem wenigstens teilweise elektrisch geladenen Material bestehen.
  20. Uhrwerk (1000), das wenigstens ein Drehgelenk (100) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 19 umfasst.
  21. Zeitmessgerät, das wenigstens ein Uhrwerk (1000) nach Anspruch 20 und/oder wenigstens ein Drehgelenk (100) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 19 umfasst.
EP11769865.4A 2010-11-09 2011-10-12 Magnetischer und/oder elektrostatischer stossdämpfer Active EP2638437B1 (de)

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EP10190511.5A EP2450759B1 (de) 2010-11-09 2010-11-09 Magnetstosssicherung
EP11769865.4A EP2638437B1 (de) 2010-11-09 2011-10-12 Magnetischer und/oder elektrostatischer stossdämpfer
PCT/EP2011/067817 WO2012062523A1 (fr) 2010-11-09 2011-10-12 Antichoc magnétique ou/et électrostatique

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EP2469357B2 (de) * 2010-12-21 2016-06-29 The Swatch Group Research and Development Ltd. Stoßdämpfer-Gleitlager für eine sich drehende Triebfeder einer Uhr
EP2762985B1 (de) * 2013-02-04 2018-04-04 Montres Breguet SA Magnetische oder elektrostatische Drehung eines drehbaren Bauteils einer Uhr
EP2799937B1 (de) * 2013-05-01 2020-09-16 Rolex Sa Dämpfungskörper eines Unruh-Oszillators einer Uhr
EP2887153B1 (de) 2013-12-19 2023-06-28 Montres Breguet SA Magnetische Zentriervorrichtung
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EP3081997A1 (de) * 2015-04-16 2016-10-19 Montres Breguet S.A. Magnetische stossdämpfung für welle eines uhrwerks
CH711219A2 (fr) * 2015-06-16 2016-12-30 Montres Breguet Sa Dispositif magnétique de pivotement d'un arbre dans un mouvement horloger.
EP3106933B1 (de) * 2015-06-16 2018-08-22 Montres Breguet S.A. Magnetischer schwenkeinrichtung einer welle in einem uhrwerk
JP2017058248A (ja) * 2015-09-16 2017-03-23 セイコーインスツル株式会社 押え部材、耐振軸受、ムーブメントおよび時計
EP3176650B1 (de) * 2015-12-02 2019-02-06 Nivarox-FAR S.A. Schutz einer uhrkomponente aus mikro-bearbeitbarem material
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CN102566394A (zh) 2012-07-11
CH704062A2 (fr) 2012-05-15
US20120113767A1 (en) 2012-05-10
EP2638437A1 (de) 2013-09-18
RU2011145346A (ru) 2013-05-20
RU2565323C2 (ru) 2015-10-20
HK1173237A1 (en) 2013-05-10
EP2450759A1 (de) 2012-05-09
US8579501B2 (en) 2013-11-12
WO2012062523A1 (fr) 2012-05-18
CN102566394B (zh) 2014-12-10
EP2450759B1 (de) 2020-08-12
JP2012103250A (ja) 2012-05-31

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