EP3081997A1 - Magnetische stossdämpfung für welle eines uhrwerks - Google Patents

Magnetische stossdämpfung für welle eines uhrwerks Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3081997A1
EP3081997A1 EP15163809.5A EP15163809A EP3081997A1 EP 3081997 A1 EP3081997 A1 EP 3081997A1 EP 15163809 A EP15163809 A EP 15163809A EP 3081997 A1 EP3081997 A1 EP 3081997A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
shaft
magnetic
pivot axis
housing
subassembly
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP15163809.5A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Jean-Philippe Rochat
Benoît LÉGERET
Davide Sarchi
Polychronis Nakis Karapatis
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Montres Breguet SA
Original Assignee
Montres Breguet SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Montres Breguet SA filed Critical Montres Breguet SA
Priority to EP15163809.5A priority Critical patent/EP3081997A1/de
Priority to JP2017547494A priority patent/JP6484723B2/ja
Priority to US15/564,303 priority patent/US10474107B2/en
Priority to EP16714904.6A priority patent/EP3283926B1/de
Priority to PCT/EP2016/057582 priority patent/WO2016166006A1/fr
Priority to CN201680018227.6A priority patent/CN107430382B/zh
Publication of EP3081997A1 publication Critical patent/EP3081997A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B31/00—Bearings; Point suspensions or counter-point suspensions; Pivot bearings; Single parts therefor
    • G04B31/02—Shock-damping bearings

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a watch-making subassembly for a watch, comprising a main structure and a movable shaft pivoting about a pivot axis in at least one housing of said main structure, said shaft comprising at least one surface in a magnetic material. or ferromagnetic, or respectively in an electrified material or electrostatic conductor, and said main structure comprising at least one pole mass arranged to create, near at least one said surface, a magnetic field, or respectively an electrostatic field, for a maintenance axial and / or radial of said shaft.
  • the invention also relates to a movement comprising at least one such subset.
  • the invention also relates to a watch comprising at least one such subassembly.
  • the invention relates to the field of watch movements comprising mechanical components pivoting.
  • a mechanical technology is generally used for maintaining a component, in particular a shaft, in a particular position. It can be an abutment with an elastic system, especially when a certain freedom of movement is necessary for the case of a shock.
  • a spring holds a shaft in abutment.
  • the invention proposes to define an architecture for maintaining a position in a position of a clockwork tree, which is capable of ensuring a stable shock effect over time, and which is reproducible.
  • the invention relates to a horological watch subassembly according to claim 1.
  • the invention also relates to a movement comprising at least one such subset.
  • the invention also relates to a watch comprising at least one such subassembly.
  • the invention proposes a weathering shaft support, of the shockproof type, in an unalterable manner, under the effect of a magnetic and / or electrostatic field.
  • the invention can also be implemented with the use of electrostatic fields, especially through the use of electrets. Or by combining magnetic fields and electrostatic fields.
  • shaft means any watch component arranged to pivot about a theoretical pivot axis.
  • the invention is described hereinafter essentially for the tree parts of such a component, or mobile, or the like.
  • a pendulum we will focus more particularly on the ends of the tree part of this pendulum.
  • the invention is illustrated in a simplified manner with a revolution shaft, comprising one or more cylindrical bearing surfaces. But this illustration is not limiting, the invention can be applied to any type of component, such as anchor, escape wheel, wheel, pinion, or other.
  • the principle is to position one or more magnets on a fixed part, and to exploit the magnetic force that undergoes a ferromagnetic component (attraction), diamagnetic (repulsion) or paramagnetic (attraction) which must be fixed. This component therefore undergoes a force of attraction or repulsion, which can be used to hold it in place.
  • a first variant in Figures 1 to 3 , consists in using the magnetic force to constrain a tree in three directions, for example by keeping it in contact in a triangle which positions it (positioning stops). The contact can also be made directly on the permanent magnets.
  • radial guidance can be performed via a chimney while the shaft is held axially by a magnet.
  • the number of magnets used can of course change from one variant to another.
  • a holding system is constructed, exploiting the forces in the broad sense, that is to say, forces or torques, induced on a piece of magnetized material or ferromagnetic material immersed in a magnetic field. .
  • This effort depends on the magnetization of the material, or its magnetic permeability, and the intensity of the local magnetic field.
  • one or more magnets are positioned on a fixed part called a structure, or / and on the shaft. This shaft undergoes (or generates, in the case where it is itself magnetized and cooperates with a magnetized magnetic or non-magnetized environment) an attraction or repulsion force that can be used to hold it in place.
  • the magnetic force alone can be sufficient to retain an element during shocks.
  • the force can also be generated by two magnets.
  • the Figures 20 and 21 show the magnetic force Fm, in Newton, which can be generated by a system with two magnetic bodies, respectively with two magnets in figure 20 , or with a magnet and a ferromagnetic piece in figure 21 , depending on the ratio h1 / h2 of the relative size of these two bodies.
  • the magnetic system not only has a role of maintenance, but also makes it possible to facilitate the function of setting / replacing, as visible on the Figures 10 and 11 .
  • an additional force must be applied to overcome the repulsion of the magnets, and once the system is in place, it is maintained in the axial direction z; such a system becomes particularly interesting if it is combined with the introduction of stones, or any other tribological surface, to minimize the friction of the radial contact.
  • the second case of figure 11 is a magnetic re-centering system, where the shaft, including permanent magnets, is held against a line-shaped structure composed of attractive parts and repulsive parts. These parts can also be made of permanent magnets.
  • the radial strength of this system is magnetic via the attractive parts (with the possibilities of variants presented above); the component is refocused magnetically after each shock. This system is easily adaptable for a degree of angular freedom.
  • the line-shaped structure of the figure 12 with attractive and repulsive regions can also be directly on the tree, with a permanent magnet on the fixed part of the movement.
  • the magnetic force to constrain a covering element or movement in the three directions, for example by keeping it in contact in a female trihedron which positions it, and which also constitutes a set of positioning stops.
  • the magnetic elements may be recessed with respect to the contact surfaces. Contact can also be made directly on surfaces of magnetic components.
  • One variant concerns the case where the magnetic force is used to constrain an element in one or both of the three directions, while a mechanical guidance is used to limit its displacement in the other directions.
  • the pivoting of the shaft may be traditional, by guidance in a stone or a bearing, or be magnetic type, or other, especially combined.
  • the cooperation of the magnetic and / or electrostatic fields present at the level of the structure and / or the shaft is sequenced, and comprises electromagnetic barriers which depend on the relative position of the tree and structure, and the passage of each consumes all or part of the kinetic energy of the tree during an impact.
  • the relative force can be generated by two magnets, or by a magnet near a ferromagnetic (attraction), diamagnetic (repulsion) or paramagnetic (attraction) part.
  • the shaft to be held in place may itself be ferromagnetic, diamagnetic or paramagnetic and be located near a magnet, or may itself include one or more magnets or magnetized zones, or respectively electrified.
  • the effort is caused by two magnets, they can work in attraction or repulsion; work in attraction theoretically causes a slower aging of the magnetic system.
  • the repulsion mode is however easier to implement for a damping at the end of the shaft, and this non-limiting mode is described in the examples illustrated.
  • the damping characteristics according to the invention are good for shocks of small or medium magnitude. if it is possible to use this technology for the complete absorption of the exceptional kinetic energy of the tree during a shock, it is clear that it is then at the expense of congestion.
  • the invention is preferably combined with a conventional mechanical stop, which may be a stopper, or a bearing surface of a spring which is not in contact with the shaft during low or medium magnitude shocks .
  • a conventional mechanical stop which may be a stopper, or a bearing surface of a spring which is not in contact with the shaft during low or medium magnitude shocks .
  • any magnet surface is protected, because of its fragility, by another surface that comprises, as the case, the shaft, or the structural element concerned.
  • the contact between antagonistic components such as a main structure 100 and a shaft 10 may be a contact of a portion of the shaft to be held against a positioning stop, which is not necessarily magnetic.
  • the magnetic or electrostatic means which are implemented to constitute an axial shock of the shaft, are also used to ensure an axial retention of the shaft in its operating position. It is understood that the contacts are completely avoided only in repulsion configurations as on the figure 16 . In most other cases, even when working in repulsion, a contact on the tree is inevitable. The circumferential friction dissipates more energy than the friction on the front part.
  • the invention is particularly suitable for maintaining contact with the shaft, both axially and radially. Because the configuration with a remote maintenance of the shaft, axial or / and radial, advantageous in terms of friction, can not always be implemented.
  • this cooperation provides a radial hold, to permanently tend to align the shaft 10 on its theoretical pivot axis DA. Therefore, even if the traditional pivoting guidance of the shaft 10 is not perfect, this guidance is optimized by the influence of magnetic or electrostatic fields that tend to realign the shaft 10 permanently along its axis DA.
  • the contact is not represented; this contact can be directly from the magnet against the shaft (or from the fixed magnet against the magnet of the piece to keep in contact if necessary), as on the figure 8 or a part of the component to be held against a positioning stop (not necessarily magnetic) as on the figure 9 .
  • the surface against which contact is maintained can be adapted to optimize its tribological and mechanical properties.
  • a superficial layer as visible on the figure 8 , also feasible on the variant of the figure 9 , or others, may, for example, be corundum, diamond or a protective coating. This superficial layer may also be made of a material that combines special tribological and magnetic properties, such as tungsten carbide, especially with a cobalt binder.
  • the magnetic force alone can be sufficient to retain an element during shocks.
  • the magnetic forces are used to construct a shaft maintenance system, exploiting the forces induced on a piece of magnetic material immersed in a magnetic field.
  • one or more magnets are preferably positioned on a fixed part, and the magnetic stress experienced by a ferromagnetic component (attraction), diamagnetic (repulsion) or paramagnetic (attraction) component which is to be fixed is exploited. This component will therefore undergo an attraction or repulsion effort that can be used to hold it in place. Reverse relative positioning is also possible.
  • a variant represented in Figures 1 to 3 consists in using a magnetic force to constrain a shaft 10 in three directions, for example by keeping it in a trihedron which positions it, or in contact with unrepresented positioning stops, and / or by magnetic interaction with permanent magnets .
  • any shaft 10 cooperates with a first structure 11 radially surrounding a first bearing surface 16 of the shaft, and with a second structure 12 in its axial alignment along the pivot axis DA.
  • this first structure 11 and this second structure 12 are magnets.
  • a third structure 13 has a bore 15 which limits the radial movement of a bearing surface 17 of the shaft 10.
  • FIG. 4 Another variant, represented in Figures 4 and 5 , illustrates the cases where the magnetic force is used to constrain a shaft 10 in one or two of the three directions, here in the axial direction corresponding to the pivot axis DA, while a mechanical guidance is used to limit the displacement of the shaft 10 in the other directions.
  • the radial guidance can be carried out via a chimney, at a bore 14 of a first structure 11, while the shaft 10 is held axially by a magnet that comprises a second structure 12.
  • the number of magnets used can of course change from one variant to another.
  • a construction comprising a ring of several magnets instead of a simple magnet for axial resistance in the axial direction, in the examples of Figures 1 to 5 , thus has the advantage of averaging the defects of the components, and exert the effort on a higher radius. This can be an advantage if the mechanism is designed to exploit eddy current dissipation to increase the frictional capacity of a magnetic equivalent of a friction spring.
  • the preferential solution uses a magnetic attraction force, or between two magnets, or between a magnet and a magnetically conductive part, in particular ferromagnetic. It allows a better stability and a better control in position of the parts.
  • equation (1) is valid only for determining the force between a magnet and a magnetic part (it is not valid for determining the force between two magnets), and in most cases the magnetic piece is ferromagnetic, and will therefore be aligned in accordance with the magnet: in this case, the force is attractive. Only in the case where the magnetic piece is diamagnetic, there is a repulsive force between the magnet and the component, but this force is ten to one hundred times weaker than that which can be obtained in attraction.
  • the repulsive solutions make it possible to dissipate part or all of the energy of the shocks by magnetic repulsion rather than by mechanical shock.
  • This mode of operation has the advantages of spring-loaded, while causing a lower shock when returning to the normal operating position.
  • the magnetic system as opposed to the spring, exerts a force that decreases with the distance of the shaft relative to its holding position. The energy stored during an accidental shock, which is released when the component returns to position, is therefore lower.
  • the contact is not represented.
  • This contact can be a direct contact of the magnet with the shaft, as on the figure 8 , or a part of the shaft to be held against a positioning stop (not necessarily magnetic) as on the figure 9 .
  • the surface against which contact is maintained can be adapted to optimize its tribological and mechanical properties.
  • the red surface may for example be corundum, diamond, sapphire or a protective coating.
  • the surface can also be a material combining interesting tribological and magnetic properties, such as tungsten carbide with a cobalt binder.
  • the magnetic system has this role of maintenance, and also facilitates the function of setting / replacing, as visible on the Figures 10 to 12 .
  • the second case of figure 12 is a magnetic re-centering system where the shaft 10 has permanent magnets, and is held against a line-shaped structure composed of attractive parts and repulsive parts. These parts can also be made of permanent magnets.
  • the radial strength of this system is magnetic via the attractive parts, with the possibilities of variants presented above; the shaft is refocused magnetically after each shock.
  • This system is easily adaptable for a degree of angular freedom.
  • Such a line-shaped structure with attractive and repulsive regions can also be directly on the shaft 10, with a permanent magnet on the structure, linked to a fixed part of the clockwork movement.
  • the Figures 18A, 18B, 18C represent a mechanism exploiting the system of figure 12 .
  • the Figures 18A and 18B show a tree having a permanent magnet placed close to the structure in the form of a line, here in the form of a shell (not necessarily of revolution) which comprises an alternation of diamagnetic and paramagnetic / ferromagnetic zones.
  • the figure 18C illustrates the polarities generated by the presence of the permanent magnet (fixed on the tree) and by the magnetic properties of the zones on the hull.
  • the shaft equipped with a permanent magnet then undergoes a force similar to the versions of the Figures 10 to 12 but this force is here generated by diamagnetic and paramagnetic / ferromagnetic zones.
  • FIGS 19A and 19C are similar to Figures 18B and 18C , but for a system operating a maintenance in mechanical contact, the part designed in crosspieces being fixed.
  • Variants of Figures 14 to 17 are provided for radial recentering by repulsion, with axial positioning abutting by the magnetic force.
  • the axial magnetic attraction variant end, not drawn, is particularly interesting.
  • the variant operating in magnetic attraction has the disadvantage that the radial centering is not precise; the shaft is in mechanical contact on one of the walls of the chimney, which wall may vary during the function; but this variant also makes it possible to axially press the shaft against a stop with a restoring force depending on the position of the shaft in its chimney.
  • a variant with magnets that are not revolution, similar to the figure 1 allows to place the shaft radially always on the same face, and the position of the shaft is then less variable.
  • Another variant is to add a frontal magnet on the fixed structure, so as to help the axial resistance of the shaft at one end.
  • the figure 22 illustrates the case of a shaft drawn axially by a polar mass, and whose end is in friction on the front part thereof
  • Lateral maintenance Figures 1 to 3 is chosen partial, to allow a maintenance in mechanical contact, and thus exploit the concept of anti-shock.
  • the shaft typically a balance shaft
  • the disadvantage of the lateral version lies in the increased friction (on the radius of the shaft and not on a reduced radius of friction). These friction can nevertheless be exploited to dissipate energy, typically to dampen the floating of a needle.
  • the invention relates to a watch 200 sub-assembly for a watch, comprising a main structure 100 and a shaft 10.
  • This shaft 10 is pivotally movable about a pivot axis DA, in at least one housing 14, 15 of this main structure 100.
  • This shaft 10 comprises at least one surface 16, 18, 21, 22, which is made of a magnetic material or magnetic conductor, or respectively in an electrified material or electrostatic conductor.
  • magnetic conductor a ferromagnetic material or diamagnetic or paramagnetic.
  • the main structure 100 comprising at least one polar mass 11, 12, 31, 32, which is arranged to create, near at least one such surface 16, 18, 21, 22, at least a magnetic field, or respectively an electrostatic field, for the axial or / and radial retention of the shaft 10 with respect to the pivot axis DA
  • this field is substantially of revolution about the pivot axis DA.
  • the main structure 100 comprises at least one polar mass 11, 12, 31, 32, arranged to create, close to at least one such surface 16, 18, 21, 22, in addition to the field intended to maintain axial axis of the shaft 10, at least one magnetic field, or respectively an electrostatic field, for a radial retention of this shaft 10.
  • At least one such pole mass 11, 12, 31, 32 is arranged to cooperate in axial attraction or repulsion and / or radial, along the pivot axis DA, with at least one such surface 16, 18 , 21, 22, to absorb a shock and return the shaft 10 to the service position after the cessation of this shock.
  • At least one such polar mass 11, 12, 31, 32 is arranged to cooperate in axial attraction or repulsion, along the axis of pivoting.
  • At least two polar masses 11, 12, 31, 32 cooperate, in geometric opposition, with at least two corresponding surfaces 16, 18, 21, 22, to exert opposite and equal axial forces on the shaft 10. . It will be understood that, in the normal operating position, not all the surfaces of the shaft 10 necessarily have to cooperate with all the polar masses of the main structure 100: indeed, the relative cooperation between certain surfaces and certain polar masses exists only in certain relative axial positions of the shaft 10 relative to the main structure 100.
  • the surfaces of the shaft may be polar masses arranged to create such a magnetic field, or respectively such an electrostatic field, just as some polar masses of the structure may comprise surfaces made of a magnetic material or magnetic conductor, or respectively in an electrified material or electrostatic conductor: both the shaft 10 and the main structure 100 may comprise field generating zones, and / or passive zones reacting to a magnetic field and / or electrostatic.
  • the axial component, along the axis of pivoting DA, of the resulting magnetic field, ensuring the attraction or the anti-shock axial repulsion preferably has an intensity greater than 0.55. Tesla, for the case of a steel shaft with a mass of 60 mg.
  • Electrostatic application requires fields that limit its application to trees of very small mass, well below 60 mg, and especially less than 10 mg.
  • At least one magnetic field, or electrostatic respectively tends to attract or repel the shaft 10 radially away from the walls of the housing 14, 15, and to align the shaft 10 on the axis of the housing. pivoting DA.
  • At least one magnetic or electrostatic field tends to attract the shaft 10 radially towards a wall of a housing 14, 15.
  • the shaft 10 is braked axially along the pivot axis DA only by a magnetic potential, respectively electrostatic, varying along the pivot axis DA and creating a resistive force resulting from cooperation in attraction or repulsion between at least one polar mass 11, 12, 31, 32, and at least one surface 16, 18, 21 , 22.
  • the profile of this potential is such that this resistive effort is continuously increasing or decreasing during the stroke of the shaft 10 along the pivot axis DA.
  • the shaft 10 is braked axially along the pivot axis DA only by this profile.
  • potential which forms at least one magnetic field barrier, respectively electrostatic, resulting from the cooperation in attraction or repulsion between at least one polar mass 11, 12, 31, 32, and at least one said surface 16, 18, 21, 22.
  • This barrier forms a virtual annular notch, arranged to brake or stop the stroke of the shaft 10 along the pivot axis DA. The passage of such a barrier absorbs part of the kinetic energy of the shaft 10 during an impact.
  • this energy is restored if the barrier forms a potential peak between an increasing ramp and a decreasing ramp potential, or accumulated if the potential profile is stepped, or even sawtooth, with bearings each limited by such a potential barrier.
  • the shaft 10 is braked axially along the pivot axis DA only by a plurality of such barriers, the passage of each of which absorbs a portion of the kinetic energy of a shock, each barrier thus constituting the limit of a level of potential.
  • these barriers are successive and have, along the pivot axis DA, magnetic field intensities, respectively electrostatic, which are increasing, from a service position of the shaft 10, towards a mechanical stop that includes the main structure 100, forming a limit switch of the relevant end of the shaft 10.
  • this mechanical stop is paired with a magnetic stop, or itself constitutes a magnetic stop.
  • the shaft 10 is cylindrical
  • At least one housing 14, 15, of the main structure 100 is cylindrical. More particularly, the main structure 100 comprises a single bore for housing the shaft 10.
  • the main structure 100 comprises a lateral cutout 19 extending parallel to the pivot axis DA, and sized to allow lateral insertion and extraction of the shaft 10.
  • the main structure 100 comprises an end cutout 190 sized to allow insertion and extraction of the shaft 10 along the pivot axis DA.
  • the main structure 100 comprises a first structure 11 comprising at least a first housing 14.
  • the shaft 10 is pivotably movable at least in this first housing 14.
  • This first structure 11 creates, in this first housing 14, such a magnetic field, or respectively such an electrostatic field, substantially of revolution about the pivot axis DA, to subject the shaft 10 to a force tending to align the shaft 10 along the pivot axis DA.
  • the main structure 100 comprises, in a second housing 15 arranged at the level of the first structure 11 or a second structure 12 that includes the main structure 100, a limiting surface 120 magnetized, or respectively electrified, arranged to attract or repel axially along the pivot axis DA a magnetized or electrified front surface 18 which the shaft 10 comprises.
  • the intensity of the magnetic field between the front surface 18 and the limiting surface 120 is greater at 0.55 Tesla, for a steel shaft with a mass of 60 mg.
  • this at least one front surface 18 is of revolution about a shaft axis AA of the shaft 10 which is aligned with the pivot axis DA, when the shaft 10 is in the first housing 14.
  • the shaft 10 has two such end faces 18 opposite one another, and the watch sub-assembly 200 comprises two said limiting surfaces 120, each arranged to attract or repel such a front surface 18.
  • the shaft 10 has at least one such front surface 18 at a distal end along a shaft axis AA of the shaft 10 which is aligned with the pivot axis DA when the shaft 10 is in the first housing 14.
  • the shaft 10 has such a front surface 18 at each of its distal ends along this shaft axis AA.
  • the shaft 10 comprises at least a first surface 16, housed in the first housing 14, and at least superficially comprising a magnetized or ferromagnetic material, or at least superficially comprising an electrostatic conductive material.
  • This at least one first surface 16 is subjected, in this first housing 14, to the magnetic field, or electrostatic field respectively, generated by the first structure 11.
  • the shaft 10 comprises at least a second surface 17 housed in a second housing 15 that comprises the structure 11 or that comprises a third structure 13 of the watch sub-assembly 200, this second housing 15 constituting a stop, in particular radial.
  • the second housing 15 surrounds a second structure 12 comprising such a limiting surface 120.
  • the shaft 10 is of revolution about a shaft axis AA of the shaft 10 which is aligned with the pivot axis DA when the shaft 10 is in the first housing 14.
  • the shaft 10 comprises at least a first cylindrical bearing surface 16 which cooperates with a revolution bore constituting the first housing 14.
  • the invention also relates to a movement 500 comprising at least one such watch sub-assembly 200.
  • the invention also relates to a watch 1000 comprising at least one such watch sub-assembly 200.
  • the structure is ceramic, and comprises, at least in the vicinity of the surface of at least one housing 3, an encrustation of magnets and / or electrets, and / or magnetizable ferromagnetic particles.
  • the housing 3 is smooth.
  • the structure 1 comprises or constitutes a ferromagnetic shielding.
  • Another ETA caliber uses magnets to angularly position a spindle system.
  • the magnetic configuration imposes a finite holding torque (threshold effect) which opposes the angular displacements.
  • the present invention aims at an exactly opposite function: the magnetic configuration is defined to impose a radial / axial retaining / centering force without a holding torque or angular brake being introduced. In this way, the mobile is free to turn but its centering is assured.
  • a fundamental feature of the invention is, in the case of axial retention, the cylindrical symmetry of the magnetic system.
  • the fine position of the component is therefore not precisely known in time, and it is possible, and even inevitable, that the latter oscillates. around a position of equilibrium, generating friction where there is mechanical contact, and generating operational problems if the amplitude of the oscillation is too great.
  • the magnetic force is, in most applications, used to press with a certain prestressing force the shaft against a mechanical stop. In normal operation the component is therefore in a constant position mechanically fixed.
  • the dissipation of the impact energy is not optimal with a magnetic system, which is highly conservative, and forces to use mechanical stops.
  • the recentering (radial for example in the case of the figure 9 ) is a side effect of the anti-shock (axial) system.
  • FIGS. 10 and 11 present variants where the different magnetic fields in the presence are not coaxial, and the interactions between components can be particularly oblique.
  • the main advantage of the magnetic anti-shock for a tree is the dependence of the restoring force as a function of the displacement of the shaft, in the axial direction for example.
  • a prestressing force or a holding force in the case of the magnetic shock absorber, forces the component not to move during small impacts.
  • the restoring force of a traditional anti-shock increases with the distance of the component, because of the loading of the spring, while that of a magnetic shock absorber according to the invention decreases. with the distance of the component.
  • This characteristic makes it possible to really decouple two different regimes: one where the shocks have small amplitudes, and the second one with larger shock amplitudes, with a plateau value of shocks from which the energy is stored mechanically or dissipated. , by a stop for example.
  • the horological achievements in the magnetic variant function correctly with an axial field of 0.55 Tesla.
  • a particular embodiment relates to a steel shaft with a mass of 60 mg, held in contact by a magnet, in attraction, and with an axial field of 0.55 Tesla, the shaft has a diameter (for the near part 0.15 mm magnet), with NeFeB magnets having a remanence of 1.47 T, and is plated with a holding force sufficient to withstand shocks with accelerations below 75 g if the magnet has a height 0.8 mm and a radius of 0.45 mm; the calculation takes into account the presence of a tribological layer with a thickness of 60 ⁇ m between the shaft and the magnet.
  • a typical magnetic potential variation between the mechanical stop and the contact in the operating position is 6 ⁇ J for 0.1 mm of displacement, particularly in the case of this example. With a variation twice as large (0.12 J / m), it is possible for example to achieve two potential levels, which occur during two different shock conditions (0-100 g and 100-200 g).

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Magnetic Bearings And Hydrostatic Bearings (AREA)
  • Electric Clocks (AREA)
  • Micromachines (AREA)
EP15163809.5A 2015-04-16 2015-04-16 Magnetische stossdämpfung für welle eines uhrwerks Withdrawn EP3081997A1 (de)

Priority Applications (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP15163809.5A EP3081997A1 (de) 2015-04-16 2015-04-16 Magnetische stossdämpfung für welle eines uhrwerks
JP2017547494A JP6484723B2 (ja) 2015-04-16 2016-04-07 時計アーバ用の磁性耐衝撃システム
US15/564,303 US10474107B2 (en) 2015-04-16 2016-04-07 Magnetic anti-shock system for a timepiece arbor
EP16714904.6A EP3283926B1 (de) 2015-04-16 2016-04-07 Magnetische stossdämpfung für welle eines uhrwerks
PCT/EP2016/057582 WO2016166006A1 (fr) 2015-04-16 2016-04-07 Antichoc magnétique pour arbre d'horlogerie
CN201680018227.6A CN107430382B (zh) 2015-04-16 2016-04-07 用于钟表心轴的磁性抗震系统

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP15163809.5A EP3081997A1 (de) 2015-04-16 2015-04-16 Magnetische stossdämpfung für welle eines uhrwerks

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EP3081997A1 true EP3081997A1 (de) 2016-10-19

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EP15163809.5A Withdrawn EP3081997A1 (de) 2015-04-16 2015-04-16 Magnetische stossdämpfung für welle eines uhrwerks
EP16714904.6A Active EP3283926B1 (de) 2015-04-16 2016-04-07 Magnetische stossdämpfung für welle eines uhrwerks

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EP16714904.6A Active EP3283926B1 (de) 2015-04-16 2016-04-07 Magnetische stossdämpfung für welle eines uhrwerks

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US (1) US10474107B2 (de)
EP (2) EP3081997A1 (de)
JP (1) JP6484723B2 (de)
CN (1) CN107430382B (de)
WO (1) WO2016166006A1 (de)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3671369A1 (de) * 2018-12-18 2020-06-24 ETA SA Manufacture Horlogère Suisse Vorrichtung zur geometrischen kontrolle für tiebfedern einer uhr
CH719998A1 (fr) * 2022-08-30 2024-03-15 Richemont Int Sa Ensemble horloger comprenant un mobile suspendu magnétiquement.

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WO2016166006A1 (fr) 2016-10-20
US10474107B2 (en) 2019-11-12
JP6484723B2 (ja) 2019-03-13
EP3283926A1 (de) 2018-02-21
CN107430382A (zh) 2017-12-01
US20180136608A1 (en) 2018-05-17
JP2018508024A (ja) 2018-03-22
EP3283926B1 (de) 2024-06-26
CN107430382B (zh) 2020-04-14

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