EP2634412A1 - Injection valve - Google Patents

Injection valve Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2634412A1
EP2634412A1 EP13152703.8A EP13152703A EP2634412A1 EP 2634412 A1 EP2634412 A1 EP 2634412A1 EP 13152703 A EP13152703 A EP 13152703A EP 2634412 A1 EP2634412 A1 EP 2634412A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
housing
valve
valve needle
stop
stop surface
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP13152703.8A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2634412B1 (en
Inventor
Philipp Rogler
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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Filing date
Publication date
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Publication of EP2634412A1 publication Critical patent/EP2634412A1/en
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Publication of EP2634412B1 publication Critical patent/EP2634412B1/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M51/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by being operated electrically
    • F02M51/06—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle
    • F02M51/061—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means
    • F02M51/0625—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures
    • F02M51/0664—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures having a cylindrically or partly cylindrically shaped armature, e.g. entering the winding; having a plate-shaped or undulated armature entering the winding
    • F02M51/0685—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures having a cylindrically or partly cylindrically shaped armature, e.g. entering the winding; having a plate-shaped or undulated armature entering the winding the armature and the valve being allowed to move relatively to each other or not being attached to each other
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/04—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00 having valves, e.g. having a plurality of valves in series
    • F02M61/042—The valves being provided with fuel passages
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
    • F02M61/18—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M61/188—Spherical or partly spherical shaped valve member ends

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an injection valve, in particular for injecting fuel into an internal combustion engine.
  • injection valves for example, for the channel or direct injection of gasoline, with a valve needle, which is moved by an actuator (solenoid or piezo actuator) against a closing spring so that a desired amount of fuel is selectively introduced.
  • the magnet armature can be decoupled from the valve needle. Solutions are known which divide the moving mass of the valve needle into several sub-masses, which are coupled to one another by means of springs, guides and stop surfaces. Such a concept shows, for example, the DE 101 08 945 A1 , In general, the valve needle is pressed in the de-energized state by the return spring in the valve seat.
  • FIG. 1 A diagram of an injection valve according to the prior art shows FIG. 1 , Here, the time t is recorded on the horizontal axis. On the vertical axis, an upper section 20 shows a current profile 23.
  • a middle section 21 shows the course of a Ventilnadelhubes 24 with a solid line in a lower portion 22 and the central portion 21 is a dashed line a course of Magnetankerhubes 25 located.
  • a detail 26 characterized.
  • a stable state of the two-mass system is only reached when the valve needle, which is pressed by the closing spring in the direction of the armature, rests again on the armature. However, if the valve needle opening stream (see flow curve 23) is turned off so that the valve needle is in flight while the armature still remains at the inner pole, results in a valve closing from an undefined state.
  • the detail 26 in FIG. 1 shows the ballistic flight curve of the valve needle after the armature has reached the inner pole. If, in addition, the valves differ from one member to the next in their needle movement, these differences in the so-called transitional range between partial and full-stroke operation can lead to considerable changes in the valve needle movement and thus in the delivered quantity as a target variable.
  • the injection valve according to the invention with the features of claim 1 makes it possible to limit the maximum possible valve needle stroke by a stop of the valve needle with the inner pole or with the housing.
  • the ballistic curve of the valve needle according to detail 26 in FIG. 1 thus eliminates the Ventilnadelhubterrorism can be controlled so much more precise than before, and thus the amount of fuel to be delivered are specified in more detail.
  • the time course of the valve needle stroke is defined more accurately than hitherto by mechanical stops and their arrangement.
  • the invention thus improves the Mengenzutul of injectors. This has positive effects on the mixture formation in the combustion chamber with injectors and thus also positive effects on the combustion.
  • due to the injection valve according to the invention emissions and consumption of an internal combustion engine are reduced and smoothness improved.
  • an injection valve in particular for injecting fuel into an internal combustion engine, comprising a housing with at least one injection opening and a housing pole fixedly mounted relative to the housing. Furthermore, the injection valve comprises a magnetic coil acting magnetically on the inner pole and a magnet armature that is linearly movable relative to the housing. Furthermore, the injection valve comprises a relative to the housing and with respect to the magnet armature linearly movable valve needle, which together with the at least an injection port forms a valve seat. In the injection valve, a first, fixed relative to the housing stop surface and a second, formed on the valve needle stop surface is provided. In an end position of the valve needle strikes the second stop surface on the first stop surface.
  • valve needle In this end position, the valve needle has the maximum valve needle lift, so that in this position the maximum amount of fuel can be passed through the spray opening.
  • the maximum possible valve needle lift is limited via the first and second stop surfaces.
  • the magnet armature preferably does not touch the inner pole in any position. It is a two-mass system according to the invention, since the valve needle and the magnet armature are arranged separately linearly movable relative to the housing.
  • the first stop surface is formed on the inner pole.
  • the inner pole comprises a stop bush, wherein the first stop surface is formed on this stop bushing.
  • the stop bush is preferably designed to increase the life of a hard or curable or hardened or hard-coated material and thus leads to a cost-effective and durable stop. A previously used chromium layer on the inner pole can thus be omitted.
  • a first return spring is preferably provided between the inner pole and the valve needle. This first return spring loads the valve needle in the direction of the valve seat, so that in the de-energized state of the magnetic coil, the valve seat is closed.
  • a third stop face facing the valve seat is preferably formed on the valve needle, and a fourth stop face remote from the valve seat is formed on the magnet armature.
  • the third abutment surface and the fourth abutment surface strike each other as the valve needle moves at.
  • the magnet armature is moved via the magnetised inner pole.
  • the fourth abutment surface strikes the third stop surface and thus the armature takes with the valve needle. This movement is stopped by the abutment of the first and second abutment surface between the valve needle and the inner pole or the housing.
  • a second return spring for resetting the magnet armature is preferably provided.
  • the second return spring preferably loads the armature in the direction of the valve seat.
  • a spring cup is preferably attached to the armature. One end of the second return spring is supported against the spring cup and the other end of the second return spring rests against the valve needle, a valve needle-fixed component or against a housing-fixed component.
  • a fifth, the valve seat facing stop surface and on the valve needle a sixth, the valve seat facing away stop surface is preferably formed on the armature.
  • the fifth abutment surface and the sixth abutment surface abut each other as the valve pin moves.
  • the magnet armature preferably comprises a stop bushing. At this stop bushing, the fourth and the fifth stop surface are formed.
  • the conventional chromium layer on the upper and optionally underside can be omitted on the magnet armature, in particular if the further stop bushing consists of a hard or curable or hardened or hard-coated material.
  • the further stop bushing preferably consists of an austenitic material, so that the magnetic force can be increased since stray fluxes to the valve needle are minimized.
  • the valve needle comprises a stop ring, which is arranged between the inner pole and the magnet armature.
  • the second stop surface is preferably formed on a side facing away from the valve seat of the stop ring.
  • the first return spring can preferably be supported on this side of the stop ring.
  • the third stop surface is preferably formed on the valve seat facing side of the stop ring.
  • valve needle preferably comprises a stop sleeve on the side of the magnet armature facing the valve seat. At this stop sleeve, the sixth stop surface is formed. Furthermore, the second return spring can preferably be supported on a side of the stop sleeve facing the valve seat.
  • a recess for the stop ring is provided on the inner pole and / or on the magnet armature. If such a recess is provided, the first stop surface is preferably arranged in the recess of the inner pole. In the recess of the armature, the fourth stop surface is preferably formed. Furthermore, a surface of the recess in the inner pole can serve for the linear guidance of the stop ring and thus for the linear guidance of the valve needle. Furthermore, a surface of the recess in the magnet armature preferably serves to guide the magnet armature relative to the stop ring and thus opposite the valve needle.
  • the armature is guided linearly on the valve needle and / or on the housing.
  • the valve needle comprises a, in particular spherical, valve closing body.
  • This valve closing body is firmly connected to the valve needle. In the closed state of the valve seat, the valve closing body is pressed onto the housing and thus prevents leakage of the fuel through the at least one injection opening. With appropriate energization of the coil, the valve closing body lifts off from the housing and releases the flow of fuel to the at least one injection opening.
  • the fuel is passed through the inside hollow valve needle.
  • the operation of the attacks does not change.
  • the stop between the first and second stop surface is carried out as far as possible in order to influence the magnetic field as little as possible.
  • the gaps and volumes between the mutually moved components can be used to set a desired opening and closing dynamics of the injection valve.
  • FIGS. 2 to 9 Seven embodiments of an injection valve 1 are shown. In this case, the injection valve is shown in half section. Identical or functionally identical components are provided with the same reference numerals in all embodiments.
  • FIG. 2 shows an injection valve 1 according to the first embodiment. Shown is the half-section to a central axis 2 of the injection valve 1.
  • the injection valve 1 comprises a housing 3 with a magnet pot 4 and at least one injection opening 5.
  • an inner pole 6 is mounted in the housing 3.
  • the inner pole 6 is arranged stationary relative to the housing 3.
  • the inner pole 6 is designed annular.
  • a valve needle 9 is guided linearly movable along the central axis 2.
  • the valve needle 9 comprises a spherical valve closing body 17. This valve closing body 17 forms, together with the housing 3, a valve seat 33. Furthermore, the valve needle 9 is at least partially hollow inside.
  • the side wall of the valve needle 9 is interrupted with at least one flow opening 10. Furthermore, the valve needle 9 comprises a stop ring 18 and a stop sleeve 19.
  • the injection valve 1 comprises a magnet armature 27.
  • the armature 27 is linearly movable relative to the valve needle 9 and relative to the housing 3 along the central axis 2.
  • the magnet armature 27 comprises a spring cup 28.
  • a first return spring 29 is arranged between the adjusting sleeve 7 and the stop ring 18. Between the spring cup 28 and the stop sleeve 19, a second return spring 30 is arranged. The first Return spring 29 and the second return spring 30 are formed as compression springs.
  • an upper guide 31 is formed between the magnet armature 27 and the housing 3, between the magnet armature 27 and the housing 3, an upper guide 31 is formed.
  • the valve needle 9 is linearly guided here relative to the magnet armature 27, so that the upper guide 31 serves both for guiding the magnet armature 27 and for guiding the valve needle 9.
  • a lower guide 23 for guiding the valve closing body 17 is formed in the lower region of the housing 2.
  • a first recess 35 is provided at the inner pole 6 facing side of the armature 27, a first recess 35 is provided.
  • the first recess 35 is dimensioned according to the stop ring 18, so that the stop ring is at least partially received in the first recess 35.
  • the first return spring 29 loads the valve needle 9 in the direction of the valve seat 33 and thus leads to closing of the valve seat 33.
  • the second return spring 30 loads the spring cup 28 and thus the armature 27 in the direction of the stop sleeve 19.
  • the inner pole 6 is magnetized and thus attracts the magnet armature 27 at.
  • the magnet armature 27 takes on the stop ring 18, the valve needle 9 with.
  • the valve closing body 17 can lift off from the spray opening 5. In this case, the fuel flows through the hollow valve needle 9 and the throughflow opening 10 to the injection opening 5 and through the injection opening 5 into the combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine.
  • a first stop surface 11 is defined at a valve seat 33 facing side of the inner pole 6, a first stop surface 11 is defined. The first stop surface 11 is located opposite a second stop surface 12 on the stop ring 18. At the valve seat 33 facing side of the stop ring 18, a third stop surface 13 is defined. The third stop surface 13 is located on the magnet armature 27 a fourth stop surface 14 against. At the valve seat 33 side facing the armature 27, a fifth stop surface 15 is formed. The fifth stop surface 15 is located opposite a sixth stop surface 16 on the stop sleeve 19.
  • FIG. 3 shows a diagram of the injection valve 1 according to all embodiments. Similar to in FIG. 1 is shown in the upper section 20 of the current waveform 23 to the coil 8.
  • the middle section 21 shows the course of Ventilnadelhubes 24 as a solid line.
  • the course of the Magnetankerhubes 25 is shown with a dashed line.
  • FIG. 1 The ballistic flight curve of the valve needle 9, after the magnet armature 27 has reached its position next possible at the inner pole 6, deleted. Due to the abutment between the first and second abutment surface 11, 12, the Ventilnadelhubterrorism can be controlled very precisely and thus also the amount of fuel to be dispensed can be specified very accurately.
  • FIG. 4 shows the injection valve 1 according to a second embodiment.
  • a second recess 36 is formed for the stop ring 18 in the inner embodiment 6 in the second embodiment.
  • the first stop surface 11 is formed in this second recess 36.
  • the upper guide 31 is formed between a plane parallel to the central axis 2 surface of the second recess 36 and the stop ring 18.
  • the magnet armature 27 is guided on the valve needle 9.
  • the valve needle 9 is guided over the stop ring 18 in the second recess 36 of the inner pole 6.
  • FIG. 5 shows the injection valve 1 according to a third embodiment.
  • the second return spring 30 is supported at one end against the armature 27 and at the other end against a housing-fixed spring stopper 34.
  • the upper guide 31 is formed here between the magnet armature 27 and the housing 3.
  • FIG. 6 shows the injection valve 1 according to a fourth embodiment.
  • the second return spring 30 is supported here relative to the housing-fixed spring stop 34.
  • the second recess 36 such as in the second embodiment.
  • the leadership of the valve needle 8 takes place here via the upper guide 31 within the second recess 36th
  • FIG. 7 shows the injection valve 1 according to a fifth embodiment.
  • the second return spring 30 is supported at one end against the stop sleeve 19 and at the other end against the spring cup 28, as in the first and second embodiments.
  • the first recess 35 is omitted.
  • the upper guide 31 between the stop ring 18 and the inner pole 6 is formed in the second recess 36.
  • a further guide 37 can be formed between the armature 27 and the housing 3 for guiding the magnet armature 27.
  • FIG. 8 shows the injection valve 1 according to a sixth embodiment.
  • the sixth embodiment corresponds to the fifth embodiment except for an additional stop bush 38.
  • the stop bush 38 is fixed to the housing.
  • the adjusting sleeve 7 as a spring bearing for the first return spring 29 is attached to the first stop bush 38.
  • the first stop surface 11 and the second recess 36 are located on the first stop bush 38.
  • FIG. 9 shows the injection valve 1 according to a seventh embodiment.
  • the first stop bush 38 is formed without the second recess 36.
  • the magnet armature 27 comprises a second stop bushing 39. On one side of the second stop bushing 39, the first recess 35 and the fourth stop surface 14 are formed.
  • the upper guide 31 is formed between the armature 27 and the housing 3.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)

Abstract

The injection valve (1) comprises a housing (3) with an injection opening (5), an internal pole (6) is location fixed with respect to the housing, a solenoid (8) acting magnetically on the internal pole, and a magnetic armature (27) linearly movable relative to the housing. A valve needle (9) is linearly movable relative to the housing and against the magnetic armature, which forms a valve seat (33) together with the housing. A stop surface (11) is location fixed relative to the housing and is formed on the internal pole.

Description

Stand der TechnikState of the art

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft ein Einspritzventil, insbesondere zum Einspritzen von Brennstoff in eine Brennkraftmaschine.The present invention relates to an injection valve, in particular for injecting fuel into an internal combustion engine.

Der Stand der Technik kennt Einspritzventile, beispielsweise zur Kanal- oder Direkteinspritzung von Ottokraftstoff, mit einer Ventilnadel, die von einem Aktor (Elektromagnet oder Piezosteller) gegen eine Schließfeder so bewegt wird, dass eine gewünschte Kraftstoffmenge gezielt eingebracht wird. Optional kann dabei der Magnetanker von der Ventilnadel entkoppelt sein. Bekannt sind Lösungen, welche die bewegte Masse der Ventilnadel in mehrere Teilmassen aufteilen, die mittels Federn, Führungen und Anschlagflächen aneinander gekoppelt sind. Solch ein Konzept zeigt beispielsweise die DE 101 08 945 A1 . Im Allgemeinen wird die Ventilnadel im unbestromten Zustand durch die Rückstellfeder in den Ventilsitz gedrückt. Bei zweiteiligen Konzepten wird der Magnetanker durch eine weitere Rückstellfeder entweder gegen den Anschlagring oder gegen die Anschlaghülse gedrückt. Beim Nadelöffnen trifft der Magnetanker zunächst auf den Anschlagring, nimmt die Ventilnadel mit und trifft bei ein- und zweiteiligen Nadelkonzepten anschließend auf den Innenpol. Trifft der Magnetanker auf den Innenpol, so kann bei zweiteiligen Nadelkonzepten die Ventilnadel die Bewegung fortführen. Ein Diagramm zu einem Einspritzventil nach dem Stand der Technik zeigt Figur 1. Hierbei ist auf der horizontalen Achse jeweils die Zeit t aufgezeichnet. Auf der vertikalen Achse zeigt ein oberer Abschnitt 20 einen Stromverlauf 23. Ein mittlerer Abschnitt 21 zeigt mit einer durchgezogenen Linie den Verlauf eines Ventilnadelhubes 24. In einem unteren Abschnitt 22 und im mittleren Abschnitt 21 ist mit einer gestrichelten Linie ein Verlauf eines Magnetankerhubes 25 eingezeichnet. Im mittleren Abschnitt 21 ist ein Detail 26 gekennzeichnet. Ein stabiler Zustand des Zwei-Massen-Systems ist erst dann erreicht, wenn die Ventilnadel, welche durch die Schließfeder in Richtung Magnetanker gedrückt wird, wieder auf dem Magnetanker aufliegt. Wird jedoch der die Ventilnadel öffnende Strom (siehe Stromverlauf 23) so abgeschaltet, dass die Ventilnadel sich im Flug befindet, während der Magnetanker noch am Innenpol verharrt, resultiert ein Ventilschließen aus einem undefinierten Zustand. Das Detail 26 in Figur 1 zeigt die ballistische Flugkurve der Ventilnadel, nachdem der Magnetanker den Innenpol erreicht hat. Unterscheiden sich zudem die Ventile von Exemplar zu Exemplar in ihrer Nadelbewegung, so können aus diesen Unterschieden in dem sogenannten Übergangsbereich zwischen Teil- und Vollhubbetrieb starke Änderungen der Ventilnadelbewegung und damit der abgegebenen Menge als Zielgröße entstehen.The prior art knows injection valves, for example, for the channel or direct injection of gasoline, with a valve needle, which is moved by an actuator (solenoid or piezo actuator) against a closing spring so that a desired amount of fuel is selectively introduced. Optionally, the magnet armature can be decoupled from the valve needle. Solutions are known which divide the moving mass of the valve needle into several sub-masses, which are coupled to one another by means of springs, guides and stop surfaces. Such a concept shows, for example, the DE 101 08 945 A1 , In general, the valve needle is pressed in the de-energized state by the return spring in the valve seat. In two-part concepts, the armature is pressed by a further return spring either against the stop ring or against the stop sleeve. When the needle is opened, the magnet armature first strikes the stop ring, takes the valve needle with it and hits the inner pole in one and two-part needle concepts. If the magnet armature hits the inner pole, the valve needle can continue the movement in the case of two-part needle concepts. A diagram of an injection valve according to the prior art shows FIG. 1 , Here, the time t is recorded on the horizontal axis. On the vertical axis, an upper section 20 shows a current profile 23. A middle section 21 shows the course of a Ventilnadelhubes 24 with a solid line in a lower portion 22 and the central portion 21 is a dashed line a course of Magnetankerhubes 25 located. In the middle section 21 is a detail 26 characterized. A stable state of the two-mass system is only reached when the valve needle, which is pressed by the closing spring in the direction of the armature, rests again on the armature. However, if the valve needle opening stream (see flow curve 23) is turned off so that the valve needle is in flight while the armature still remains at the inner pole, results in a valve closing from an undefined state. The detail 26 in FIG. 1 shows the ballistic flight curve of the valve needle after the armature has reached the inner pole. If, in addition, the valves differ from one member to the next in their needle movement, these differences in the so-called transitional range between partial and full-stroke operation can lead to considerable changes in the valve needle movement and thus in the delivered quantity as a target variable.

Offenbarung der ErfindungDisclosure of the invention

Das erfindungsgemäße Einspritzventil mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 ermöglicht es, den maximal möglichen Ventilnadelhub durch einen Anschlag der Ventilnadel mit dem Innenpol oder mit dem Gehäuse zu begrenzen. Die ballistische Flugkurve der Ventilnadel gemäß dem Detail 26 in Figur 1 entfällt somit, die Ventilnadelhubbewegung kann so wesentlich präziser als bisher gesteuert werden und somit die abzugebende Menge an Brennstoff genauer vorgegeben werden. Erfindungsgemäß wird der zeitliche Verlauf des Ventilnadelhubes genauer als bisher durch mechanische Anschläge und deren Anordnung definiert. Die Erfindung verbessert somit die Mengenzumessung von Einspritzventilen. Dies hat bei Einspritzventilen positive Auswirkungen auf die Gemischbildung im Brennraum und damit auch positive Auswirkungen auf die Verbrennung. So werden aufgrund des erfindungsgemäßen Einspritzventils Emissionen und Verbrauch einer Brennkraftmaschine reduziert sowie die Laufruhe verbessert. All diese Vorteile werden erreicht durch ein Einspritzventil, insbesondere zum Einspritzen von Brennstoff in eine Brennkraftmaschine, umfassend ein Gehäuse mit zumindest einer Spritzöffnung und einen gegenüber dem Gehäuse ortsfest montierten Innenpol. Des Weiteren umfasst das Einspritzventil eine auf den Innenpol magnetisch wirkende Magnetspule und einen gegenüber dem Gehäuse linear beweglichen Magnetanker. Ferner umfasst das Einspritzventil eine gegenüber dem Gehäuse und gegenüber dem Magnetanker linear bewegliche Ventilnadel, die zusammen mit der zumindest einen Spritzöffnung einen Ventilsitz bildet. In dem Einspritzventil ist eine erste, gegenüber dem Gehäuse ortsfeste Anschlagfläche und eine zweite, an der Ventilnadel ausgebildete Anschlagfläche vorgesehen. In einer Endposition der Ventilnadel schlägt die zweite Anschlagfläche an der ersten Anschlagfläche an. In dieser Endposition weist die Ventilnadel den maximalen Ventilnadelhub auf, so dass in dieser Position die maximale Menge an Brennstoff durch die Spritzöffnung geführt werden kann. Erfindungsgemäß wird über die erste und zweite Anschlagfläche der maximal mögliche Ventilnadelhub begrenzt. Der Magnetanker berührt bevorzugt in keiner Lage den Innenpol. Es handelt sich erfindungsgemäß um ein Zwei-Massen-System, da die Ventilnadel und der Magnetanker separat linear beweglich gegenüber dem Gehäuse angeordnet sind.The injection valve according to the invention with the features of claim 1 makes it possible to limit the maximum possible valve needle stroke by a stop of the valve needle with the inner pole or with the housing. The ballistic curve of the valve needle according to detail 26 in FIG. 1 thus eliminates the Ventilnadelhubbewegung can be controlled so much more precise than before, and thus the amount of fuel to be delivered are specified in more detail. According to the invention, the time course of the valve needle stroke is defined more accurately than hitherto by mechanical stops and their arrangement. The invention thus improves the Mengenzumessung of injectors. This has positive effects on the mixture formation in the combustion chamber with injectors and thus also positive effects on the combustion. Thus, due to the injection valve according to the invention, emissions and consumption of an internal combustion engine are reduced and smoothness improved. All these advantages are achieved by an injection valve, in particular for injecting fuel into an internal combustion engine, comprising a housing with at least one injection opening and a housing pole fixedly mounted relative to the housing. Furthermore, the injection valve comprises a magnetic coil acting magnetically on the inner pole and a magnet armature that is linearly movable relative to the housing. Furthermore, the injection valve comprises a relative to the housing and with respect to the magnet armature linearly movable valve needle, which together with the at least an injection port forms a valve seat. In the injection valve, a first, fixed relative to the housing stop surface and a second, formed on the valve needle stop surface is provided. In an end position of the valve needle strikes the second stop surface on the first stop surface. In this end position, the valve needle has the maximum valve needle lift, so that in this position the maximum amount of fuel can be passed through the spray opening. According to the invention, the maximum possible valve needle lift is limited via the first and second stop surfaces. The magnet armature preferably does not touch the inner pole in any position. It is a two-mass system according to the invention, since the valve needle and the magnet armature are arranged separately linearly movable relative to the housing.

Die Unteransprüche zeigen bevorzugte Weiterbildungen der Erfindung.The dependent claims show preferred developments of the invention.

In bevorzugter Ausführung ist vorgesehen, dass die erste Anschlagfläche am Innenpol ausgebildet ist. Alternativ dazu ist es auch möglich, die erste Anschlagfläche an einem anderen, gehäusefesten Bauteil, oder am Gehäuse selbst, auszubilden.In a preferred embodiment, it is provided that the first stop surface is formed on the inner pole. Alternatively, it is also possible to form the first stop surface on another housing-fixed component, or on the housing itself.

Des Weiteren ist bevorzugt vorgesehen, dass der Innenpol eine Anschlagbuchse umfasst, wobei an dieser Anschlagbuchse die erste Anschlagfläche ausgebildet ist. Die Anschlagbuchse ist bevorzugt zur Steigerung der Lebensdauer aus einem harten oder härtbaren oder gehärteten oder hart beschichteten Material ausgeführt und führt somit zu einem kostengünstigen und haltbaren Anschlag. Eine bisher verwendete Chromschicht auf dem Innenpol kann somit entfallen.Furthermore, it is preferably provided that the inner pole comprises a stop bush, wherein the first stop surface is formed on this stop bushing. The stop bush is preferably designed to increase the life of a hard or curable or hardened or hard-coated material and thus leads to a cost-effective and durable stop. A previously used chromium layer on the inner pole can thus be omitted.

Des Weiteren ist bevorzugt eine erste Rückstellfeder zwischen dem Innenpol und der Ventilnadel vorgesehen. Diese erste Rückstellfeder belastet die Ventilnadel in Richtung des Ventilsitzes, so dass im unbestromten Zustand der Magnetspule der Ventilsitz geschlossen ist.Furthermore, a first return spring is preferably provided between the inner pole and the valve needle. This first return spring loads the valve needle in the direction of the valve seat, so that in the de-energized state of the magnetic coil, the valve seat is closed.

Des Weiteren ist bevorzugt an der Ventilnadel eine dritte, dem Ventilsitz zugewandte Anschlagfläche ausgebildet, und am Magnetanker eine vierte, dem Ventilsitz abgewandte Anschlagfläche ausgebildet. Die dritte Anschlagfläche und die vierte Anschlagfläche schlagen beim Bewegen der Ventilnadel aneinander an. Beim Öffnen des Ventilsitzes wird über den magnetisierten Innenpol der Magnetanker bewegt. Dabei schlägt die vierte Anschlagfläche an der dritten Anschlagfläche an und somit nimmt der Magnetanker die Ventilnadel mit. Diese Bewegung wird gestoppt durch den Anschlag der ersten und zweiten Anschlagfläche zwischen der Ventilnadel und dem Innenpol bzw. dem Gehäuse.Furthermore, a third stop face facing the valve seat is preferably formed on the valve needle, and a fourth stop face remote from the valve seat is formed on the magnet armature. The third abutment surface and the fourth abutment surface strike each other as the valve needle moves at. When the valve seat is opened, the magnet armature is moved via the magnetised inner pole. In this case, the fourth abutment surface strikes the third stop surface and thus the armature takes with the valve needle. This movement is stopped by the abutment of the first and second abutment surface between the valve needle and the inner pole or the housing.

Des Weiteren ist bevorzugt eine zweite Rückstellfeder zum Rückstellen des Magnetankers vorgesehen. Die zweite Rückstellfeder belastet bevorzugt den Magnetanker in Richtung des Ventilsitzes. Hierzu ist vorzugsweise ein Federtopf an den Magnetanker angebracht. Ein Ende der zweiten Rückstellfeder stützt sich gegen den Federtopf und das andere Ende der zweiten Rückstellfeder stützt sich gegen die Ventilnadel, ein ventilnadelfestes Bauteil oder gegen ein gehäusefestes Bauteil.Furthermore, a second return spring for resetting the magnet armature is preferably provided. The second return spring preferably loads the armature in the direction of the valve seat. For this purpose, a spring cup is preferably attached to the armature. One end of the second return spring is supported against the spring cup and the other end of the second return spring rests against the valve needle, a valve needle-fixed component or against a housing-fixed component.

Ferner ist bevorzugt am Magnetanker eine fünfte, dem Ventilsitz zugewandte Anschlagfläche und an der Ventilnadel eine sechste, dem Ventilsitz abgewandte Anschlagfläche ausgebildet. Die fünfte Anschlagfläche und die sechste Anschlagfläche schlagen bei der Bewegung der Ventilnadel aneinander an. Bevorzugt umfasst der Magnetanker eine Anschlagbuchse. An dieser Anschlagbuchse sind die vierte und die fünfte Anschlagfläche ausgebildet. Somit kann auf dem Magnetanker die herkömmliche Chromschicht auf der Ober- und gegebenenfalls Unterseite entfallen, wenn insbesondere die weitere Anschlagbuchse aus einem harten oder härtbaren oder gehärteten oder hart beschichteten Material besteht. Bevorzugt besteht die weitere Anschlagbuchse aus einem austenitischen Material, so dass die Magnetkraft gesteigert werden kann, da Streuflüsse zur Ventilnadel minimiert werden.Further, a fifth, the valve seat facing stop surface and on the valve needle a sixth, the valve seat facing away stop surface is preferably formed on the armature. The fifth abutment surface and the sixth abutment surface abut each other as the valve pin moves. The magnet armature preferably comprises a stop bushing. At this stop bushing, the fourth and the fifth stop surface are formed. Thus, the conventional chromium layer on the upper and optionally underside can be omitted on the magnet armature, in particular if the further stop bushing consists of a hard or curable or hardened or hard-coated material. The further stop bushing preferably consists of an austenitic material, so that the magnetic force can be increased since stray fluxes to the valve needle are minimized.

Bevorzugt umfasst die Ventilnadel einen Anschlagring, der zwischen dem Innenpol und dem Magnetanker angeordnet ist. Auf einer dem Ventilsitz abgewandten Seite des Anschlagrings ist bevorzugt die zweite Anschlagfläche ausgebildet. Des Weiteren kann sich an dieser Seite des Anschlagrings bevorzugt die erste Rückstellfeder abstützen. Auf der dem Ventilsitz zugewandten Seite des Anschlagrings ist bevorzugt die dritte Anschlagfläche ausgebildet.Preferably, the valve needle comprises a stop ring, which is arranged between the inner pole and the magnet armature. On a side facing away from the valve seat of the stop ring, the second stop surface is preferably formed. Furthermore, the first return spring can preferably be supported on this side of the stop ring. On the valve seat facing side of the stop ring, the third stop surface is preferably formed.

Des Weiteren umfasst die Ventilnadel bevorzugt eine Anschlaghülse auf der dem Ventilsitz zugewandten Seite des Magnetankers. An dieser Anschlaghülse ist die sechste Anschlagfläche ausgebildet. Des Weiteren kann sich bevorzugt die zweite Rückstellfeder an einer dem Ventilsitz zugewandten Seite der Anschlaghülse abstützen.Furthermore, the valve needle preferably comprises a stop sleeve on the side of the magnet armature facing the valve seat. At this stop sleeve, the sixth stop surface is formed. Furthermore, the second return spring can preferably be supported on a side of the stop sleeve facing the valve seat.

Vorteilhafterweise ist am Innenpol und/oder am Magnetanker eine Aussparung für den Anschlagring vorgesehen. Wenn solch eine Aussparung vorgesehen ist, so ist vorzugsweise in der Aussparung des Innenpols die erste Anschlagfläche angeordnet. In der Aussparung des Magnetankers ist vorzugsweise die vierte Anschlagfläche ausgebildet. Des Weiteren kann eine Fläche der Aussparung im Innenpol zur Linearführung des Anschlagrings und somit zur Linearführung der Ventilnadel dienen. Des Weiteren dient bevorzugt eine Fläche der Aussparung im Magnetanker zur Führung des Magnetankers gegenüber dem Anschlagring und somit gegenüber der Ventilnadel.Advantageously, a recess for the stop ring is provided on the inner pole and / or on the magnet armature. If such a recess is provided, the first stop surface is preferably arranged in the recess of the inner pole. In the recess of the armature, the fourth stop surface is preferably formed. Furthermore, a surface of the recess in the inner pole can serve for the linear guidance of the stop ring and thus for the linear guidance of the valve needle. Furthermore, a surface of the recess in the magnet armature preferably serves to guide the magnet armature relative to the stop ring and thus opposite the valve needle.

Bevorzugt ist vorgesehen, dass der Magnetanker an der Ventilnadel und/oder am Gehäuse linear geführt ist.It is preferably provided that the armature is guided linearly on the valve needle and / or on the housing.

In einer bevorzugten Variante umfasst die Ventilnadel einen, insbesondere kugelförmigen, Ventilschließkörper. Dieser Ventilschließkörper ist fest mit der Ventilnadel verbunden. Im geschlossenen Zustand des Ventilsitzes wird der Ventilschließkörper auf das Gehäuse gedrückt und verhindert so ein Ausströmen des Kraftstoffs durch die zumindest eine Spritzöffnung. Bei entsprechender Bestromung der Spule hebt der Ventilschließkörper vom Gehäuse ab und gibt den Fluss des Brennstoffs der zumindest einen Spritzöffnung frei. Der Brennstoff wird hierbei durch die innen hohle Ventilnadel geleitet. Alternativ hierzu ist es auch möglich, die Ventilnadel massiv auszuführen. Die Strömung wird dann durch den Anschlagring und/oder Innenpol und den Magnetanker und/oder einen Zwischenraum zwischen Magnetanker und Gehäuse und/oder Ventilnadel geführt. Die Funktionsweise der Anschläge ändert sich dabei jedoch nicht.In a preferred variant, the valve needle comprises a, in particular spherical, valve closing body. This valve closing body is firmly connected to the valve needle. In the closed state of the valve seat, the valve closing body is pressed onto the housing and thus prevents leakage of the fuel through the at least one injection opening. With appropriate energization of the coil, the valve closing body lifts off from the housing and releases the flow of fuel to the at least one injection opening. The fuel is passed through the inside hollow valve needle. Alternatively, it is also possible to make the valve needle massive. The flow is then passed through the stop ring and / or inner pole and the armature and / or a gap between armature and housing and / or valve needle. However, the operation of the attacks does not change.

Generell wird der Anschlag zwischen der ersten und zweiten Anschlagfläche möglichst weit innen ausgeführt, um das Magnetfeld möglichst wenig zu beeinflussen. Außerdem ist darauf zu achten, dass der Luftspalt zwischen Magnetanker und Innenpol im geöffneten Zustand minimiert wird, damit die Magnetkraft maximiert und der erforderliche Energiebedarf minimiert wird. Dies erfordert hohe Genauigkeiten in der Fertigung der Einzelteile und in der Montage. Die Spalte und Volumen zwischen den gegeneinander bewegten Bauteilen können dazu verwendet werden, eine gewünschte Öffnungs- und Schließdynamik des Einspritzventils einzustellen.In general, the stop between the first and second stop surface is carried out as far as possible in order to influence the magnetic field as little as possible. In addition, make sure that the air gap between the armature and inner pole is minimized in the open state, so that the Magnetic force maximized and the required energy requirement is minimized. This requires high accuracies in the production of the individual parts and in the assembly. The gaps and volumes between the mutually moved components can be used to set a desired opening and closing dynamics of the injection valve.

Kurze Beschreibung der ZeichnungenBrief description of the drawings

Nachfolgend werden Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung unter Bezugnahme auf die begleitende Zeichnung im Detail beschrieben. Dabei zeigen:

Figur 1
ein Diagramm zu einem Einspritzventil nach dem Stand der Technik,
Figur 2
ein erfindungsgemäßes Einspritzventil gemäß einem ersten Ausführungsbeispiel,
Figur 3
ein Diagramm zu einem erfindungsgemäßen Einspritzventil gemäß allen Ausführungsbeispielen,
Figur 4
ein erfindungsgemäßes Einspritzventil gemäß einem zweiten Ausführungsbeispiel,
Figur 5
ein erfindungsgemäßes Einspritzventil gemäß einem dritten Ausführungsbeispiel,
Figur 6
ein erfindungsgemäßes Einspritzventil gemäß einem vierten Ausführungsbeispiel,
Figur 7
ein erfindungsgemäßes Einspritzventil gemäß einem fünften Ausführungsbeispiel,
Figur 8
ein erfindungsgemäßes Einspritzventil gemäß einem sechsten Ausführungsbeispiel, und
Figur 9
ein erfindungsgemäßes Einspritzventil gemäß einem siebten Ausführungsbeispiel.
Hereinafter, embodiments of the invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Showing:
FIG. 1
a diagram to a fuel injection valve according to the prior art,
FIG. 2
an inventive injection valve according to a first embodiment,
FIG. 3
a diagram of an injection valve according to the invention according to all embodiments,
FIG. 4
an inventive injection valve according to a second embodiment,
FIG. 5
an inventive injection valve according to a third embodiment,
FIG. 6
an inventive injection valve according to a fourth embodiment,
FIG. 7
an inventive injection valve according to a fifth embodiment,
FIG. 8
an inventive injection valve according to a sixth embodiment, and
FIG. 9
an inventive injection valve according to a seventh embodiment.

Ausführungsformen der ErfindungEmbodiments of the invention

Anhand der Figuren 2 bis 9 werden sieben Ausführungsbeispiele eines Einspritzventils 1 gezeigt. Dabei ist das Einspritzventil jeweils im Halbschnitt dargestellt. Gleiche bzw. funktional gleiche Bauteile sind in allen Ausführungsbeispielen mit denselben Bezugszeichen versehen.Based on FIGS. 2 to 9 Seven embodiments of an injection valve 1 are shown. In this case, the injection valve is shown in half section. Identical or functionally identical components are provided with the same reference numerals in all embodiments.

Figur 2 zeigt ein Einspritzventil 1 gemäß dem ersten Ausführungsbeispiel. Gezeigt ist der Halbschnitt bis zu einer Mittelachse 2 des Einspritzventils 1. Das Einspritzventil 1 umfasst ein Gehäuse 3 mit einem Magnettopf 4 und zumindest einer Spritzöffnung 5. In dem Gehäuse 3 ist ein Innenpol 6 montiert. Der Innenpol 6 ist ortsfest gegenüber dem Gehäuse 3 angeordnet. Der Innenpol 6 ist ringförmig ausgestaltet. An seiner Innenseite ist eine Einstellhülse 7 befestigt. FIG. 2 shows an injection valve 1 according to the first embodiment. Shown is the half-section to a central axis 2 of the injection valve 1. The injection valve 1 comprises a housing 3 with a magnet pot 4 and at least one injection opening 5. In the housing 3, an inner pole 6 is mounted. The inner pole 6 is arranged stationary relative to the housing 3. The inner pole 6 is designed annular. On its inside an adjusting sleeve 7 is attached.

Im Magnettopf 4 des Gehäuses 3 befindet sich eine Magnetspule 8 auf Höhe des Innenpols 6.In the magnetic pot 4 of the housing 3 is a magnetic coil 8 at the level of the inner pole. 6

Im Gehäuse 3 ist eine Ventilnadel 9 entlang der Mittelachse 2 linearbeweglich geführt. Die Ventilnadel 9 umfasst einen kugelförmigen Ventilschließkörper 17. Dieser Ventilschließkörper 17 bildet zusammen mit dem Gehäuse 3 einen Ventilsitz 33. Des Weiteren ist die Ventilnadel 9 zumindest teilweise innen hohl ausgebildet. Die Seitenwandung der Ventilnadel 9 ist dabei mit zumindest einer Durchströmöffnung 10 durchbrochen. Des Weiteren umfasst die Ventilnadel 9 einen Anschlagring 18 und eine Anschlaghülse 19.In the housing 3, a valve needle 9 is guided linearly movable along the central axis 2. The valve needle 9 comprises a spherical valve closing body 17. This valve closing body 17 forms, together with the housing 3, a valve seat 33. Furthermore, the valve needle 9 is at least partially hollow inside. The side wall of the valve needle 9 is interrupted with at least one flow opening 10. Furthermore, the valve needle 9 comprises a stop ring 18 and a stop sleeve 19.

Ferner umfasst das Einspritzventil 1 einen Magnetanker 27. Der Magnetanker 27 ist gegenüber der Ventilnadel 9 und gegenüber dem Gehäuse 3 entlang der Mittelachse 2 linear beweglich. Der Magnetanker 27 umfasst einen Federtopf 28.Furthermore, the injection valve 1 comprises a magnet armature 27. The armature 27 is linearly movable relative to the valve needle 9 and relative to the housing 3 along the central axis 2. The magnet armature 27 comprises a spring cup 28.

Zwischen der Einstellhülse 7 und dem Anschlagring 18 ist eine erste Rückstellfeder 29 angeordnet. Zwischen dem Federtopf 28 und der Anschlaghülse 19 ist eine zweite Rückstellfeder 30 angeordnet. Die erste Rückstellfeder 29 und die zweite Rückstellfeder 30 sind als Druckfedern ausgebildet.Between the adjusting sleeve 7 and the stop ring 18, a first return spring 29 is arranged. Between the spring cup 28 and the stop sleeve 19, a second return spring 30 is arranged. The first Return spring 29 and the second return spring 30 are formed as compression springs.

Zwischen dem Magnetanker 27 und dem Gehäuse 3 ist eine obere Führung 31 ausgebildet. Die Ventilnadel 9 ist hier gegenüber dem Magnetanker 27 linear geführt, so dass die obere Führung 31 sowohl zur Führung des Magnetankers 27 als auch zur Führung der Ventilnadel 9 dient. Im unteren Bereich des Gehäuses 2 ist eine untere Führung 23 zur Führung des Ventilschließkörpers 17 ausgebildet.Between the magnet armature 27 and the housing 3, an upper guide 31 is formed. The valve needle 9 is linearly guided here relative to the magnet armature 27, so that the upper guide 31 serves both for guiding the magnet armature 27 and for guiding the valve needle 9. In the lower region of the housing 2, a lower guide 23 for guiding the valve closing body 17 is formed.

An der dem Innenpol 6 zugewandten Seite des Magnetankers 27 ist eine erste Aussparung 35 vorgesehen. Die erste Aussparung 35 ist entsprechend dem Anschlagring 18 dimensioniert, so dass der Anschlagring zumindest teilweise in der ersten Aussparung 35 aufgenommen ist.At the inner pole 6 facing side of the armature 27, a first recess 35 is provided. The first recess 35 is dimensioned according to the stop ring 18, so that the stop ring is at least partially received in the first recess 35.

Im unbestromten Zustand der Spule 8 belastet die erste Rückstellfeder 29 die Ventilnadel 9 in Richtung des Ventilsitzes 33 und führt somit zum Schließen des Ventilsitzes 33. Gleichzeitig belastet die zweite Rückstellfeder 30 den Federtopf 28 und damit den Magnetanker 27 in Richtung der Anschlaghülse 19. Bei Bestromen der Spule 8 wird der Innenpol 6 magnetisiert und zieht somit den Magnetanker 27 an. Der Magnetanker 27 nimmt dabei über den Anschlagring 18 die Ventilnadel 9 mit. Der Ventilschließkörper 17 kann von der Spritzöffnung 5 abheben. Hierbei fließt durch die innen hohle Ventilnadel 9 und die Durchströmöffnung 10 der Brennstoff zur Spritzöffnung 5 und durch die Spritzöffnung 5 hindurch in den Brennraum einer Brennkraftmaschine.In the de-energized state of the coil 8, the first return spring 29 loads the valve needle 9 in the direction of the valve seat 33 and thus leads to closing of the valve seat 33. Simultaneously, the second return spring 30 loads the spring cup 28 and thus the armature 27 in the direction of the stop sleeve 19. When energized the coil 8, the inner pole 6 is magnetized and thus attracts the magnet armature 27 at. The magnet armature 27 takes on the stop ring 18, the valve needle 9 with. The valve closing body 17 can lift off from the spray opening 5. In this case, the fuel flows through the hollow valve needle 9 and the throughflow opening 10 to the injection opening 5 and through the injection opening 5 into the combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine.

An einer dem Ventilsitz 33 zugewandten Seite des Innenpols 6 ist eine erste Anschlagfläche 11 definiert. Der ersten Anschlagfläche 11 liegt eine zweite Anschlagfläche 12 am Anschlagring 18 gegenüber. An der dem Ventilsitz 33 zugewandten Seite des Anschlagrings 18 ist eine dritte Anschlagfläche 13 definiert. Der dritten Anschlagfläche 13 liegt am Magnetanker 27 eine vierte Anschlagfläche 14 gegenüber. An der dem Ventilsitz 33 zugewandten Seite des Magnetankers 27 ist eine fünfte Anschlagfläche 15 ausgebildet. Der fünften Anschlagfläche 15 liegt eine sechste Anschlagfläche 16 an der Anschlaghülse 19 gegenüber.At a valve seat 33 facing side of the inner pole 6, a first stop surface 11 is defined. The first stop surface 11 is located opposite a second stop surface 12 on the stop ring 18. At the valve seat 33 facing side of the stop ring 18, a third stop surface 13 is defined. The third stop surface 13 is located on the magnet armature 27 a fourth stop surface 14 against. At the valve seat 33 side facing the armature 27, a fifth stop surface 15 is formed. The fifth stop surface 15 is located opposite a sixth stop surface 16 on the stop sleeve 19.

Figur 3 zeigt ein Diagramm zum Einspritzventil 1 gemäß allen Ausführungsbeispielen. Ähnlich wie in Figur 1 ist hier im oberen Abschnitt 20 der Stromverlauf 23 an der Spule 8 dargestellt. Der mittlere Abschnitt 21 zeigt den Verlauf des Ventilnadelhubes 24 als durchgezogene Linie. Im unteren Abschnitt 22 und im mittleren Abschnitt 21 ist der Verlauf des Magnetankerhubes 25 mit einer gestrichelten Linie dargestellt. Im Detail 26 ist zu erkennen, dass, gegenüber Figur 1, die ballistische Flugkurve der Ventilnadel 9, nachdem der Magnetanker 27 seine Position nächstmöglich am Innenpol 6 erreicht hat, entfällt. Aufgrund des Anschlages zwischen der ersten und zweiten Anschlagfläche 11, 12 kann die Ventilnadelhubbewegung sehr präzise gesteuert werden und somit kann auch die abzugebende Menge an Brennstoff sehr genau vorgegeben werden. FIG. 3 shows a diagram of the injection valve 1 according to all embodiments. Similar to in FIG. 1 is shown in the upper section 20 of the current waveform 23 to the coil 8. The middle section 21 shows the course of Ventilnadelhubes 24 as a solid line. In the lower section 22 and in the middle section 21, the course of the Magnetankerhubes 25 is shown with a dashed line. In detail 26 it can be seen that, opposite FIG. 1 , The ballistic flight curve of the valve needle 9, after the magnet armature 27 has reached its position next possible at the inner pole 6, deleted. Due to the abutment between the first and second abutment surface 11, 12, the Ventilnadelhubbewegung can be controlled very precisely and thus also the amount of fuel to be dispensed can be specified very accurately.

Figur 4 zeigt das Einspritzventil 1 gemäß einem zweiten Ausführungsbeispiel. Im Gegensatz zum ersten Ausführungsbeispiel ist im zweiten Ausführungsbeispiel im Innenpol 6 eine zweite Aussparung 36 für den Anschlagring 18 ausgebildet. Dementsprechend ist auch die erste Anschlagfläche 11 in dieser zweiten Aussparung 36 ausgebildet. Die obere Führung 31 ist zwischen einer zur Mittelachse 2 parallelen Fläche der zweiten Aussparung 36 und dem Anschlagring 18 ausgeführt. In diesem Ausführungsbeispiel ist der Magnetanker 27 an der Ventilnadel 9 geführt. Die Ventilnadel 9 ist über den Anschlagring 18 in der zweiten Aussparung 36 des Innenpols 6 geführt. FIG. 4 shows the injection valve 1 according to a second embodiment. In contrast to the first embodiment, a second recess 36 is formed for the stop ring 18 in the inner embodiment 6 in the second embodiment. Accordingly, the first stop surface 11 is formed in this second recess 36. The upper guide 31 is formed between a plane parallel to the central axis 2 surface of the second recess 36 and the stop ring 18. In this embodiment, the magnet armature 27 is guided on the valve needle 9. The valve needle 9 is guided over the stop ring 18 in the second recess 36 of the inner pole 6.

Figur 5 zeigt das Einspritzventil 1 gemäß einem dritten Ausführungsbeispiel. Im dritten Ausführungsbeispiel stützt sich die zweite Rückstellfeder 30 mit einem Ende gegen den Magnetanker 27 und mit dem anderen Ende gegen einen gehäusefesten Federanschlag 34. Die obere Führung 31 ist hier zwischen dem Magnetanker 27 und dem Gehäuse 3 ausgebildet. FIG. 5 shows the injection valve 1 according to a third embodiment. In the third embodiment, the second return spring 30 is supported at one end against the armature 27 and at the other end against a housing-fixed spring stopper 34. The upper guide 31 is formed here between the magnet armature 27 and the housing 3.

Figur 6 zeigt das Einspritzventil 1 gemäß einem vierten Ausführungsbeispiel. Genauso wie im dritten Ausführungsbeispiel stützt sich auch hier die zweite Rückstellfeder 30 gegenüber dem gehäusefesten Federanschlag 34. Allerdings befindet sich hier im Innenpol 6 die zweite Aussparung 36, wie beispielsweise im zweiten Ausführungsbeispiel. Die Führung der Ventilnadel 8 erfolgt hier über die obere Führung 31 innerhalb der zweiten Aussparung 36. FIG. 6 shows the injection valve 1 according to a fourth embodiment. Just as in the third embodiment, the second return spring 30 is supported here relative to the housing-fixed spring stop 34. However, here in the inner pole 6, the second recess 36, such as in the second embodiment. The leadership of the valve needle 8 takes place here via the upper guide 31 within the second recess 36th

Figur 7 zeigt das Einspritzventil 1 gemäß einem fünften Ausführungsbeispiel. Hier stützt sich die zweite Rückstellfeder 30 mit einem Ende gegen die Anschlaghülse 19 und mit dem anderen Ende gegen den Federtopf 28, wie in dem ersten und zweiten Ausführungsbeispiel. Im fünften Ausführungsbeispiel entfällt die erste Aussparung 35. Die obere Führung 31 zwischen dem Anschlagring 18 und dem Innenpol 6 ist in der zweiten Aussparung 36 ausgebildet. Alternativ oder zusätzlich kann zur Führung des Magnetankers 27 eine weitere Führung 37 zwischen dem Magnetanker 27 und dem Gehäuse 3 ausgebildet werden. FIG. 7 shows the injection valve 1 according to a fifth embodiment. Here, the second return spring 30 is supported at one end against the stop sleeve 19 and at the other end against the spring cup 28, as in the first and second embodiments. In the fifth embodiment, the first recess 35 is omitted. The upper guide 31 between the stop ring 18 and the inner pole 6 is formed in the second recess 36. Alternatively or additionally, a further guide 37 can be formed between the armature 27 and the housing 3 for guiding the magnet armature 27.

Figur 8 zeigt das Einspritzventil 1 gemäß einem sechsten Ausführungsbeispiel. Das sechste Ausführungsbeispiel entspricht dem fünften Ausführungsbeispiel bis auf eine zusätzliche Anschlagbuchse 38. Die Anschlagbuchse 38 ist gehäusefest angeordnet. Die Einstellhülse 7 als Federlager für die erste Rückstellfeder 29 ist an der ersten Anschlagbuchse 38 befestigt. Des Weiteren befindet sich die erste Anschlagfläche 11 sowie die zweite Aussparung 36 an der ersten Anschlagbuchse 38. FIG. 8 shows the injection valve 1 according to a sixth embodiment. The sixth embodiment corresponds to the fifth embodiment except for an additional stop bush 38. The stop bush 38 is fixed to the housing. The adjusting sleeve 7 as a spring bearing for the first return spring 29 is attached to the first stop bush 38. Furthermore, the first stop surface 11 and the second recess 36 are located on the first stop bush 38.

Figur 9 zeigt das Einspritzventil 1 gemäß einem siebten Ausführungsbeispiel. Hier ist die erste Anschlagbuchse 38 ohne der zweiten Aussparung 36 ausgebildet. Der Magnetanker 27 umfasst eine zweite Anschlagbuchse 39. An einer Seite der zweiten Anschlagbuchse 39 sind die erste Aussparung 35 und die vierte Anschlagfläche 14 ausgebildet. Die obere Führung 31 ist zwischen dem Magnetanker 27 und dem Gehäuse 3 ausgebildet. FIG. 9 shows the injection valve 1 according to a seventh embodiment. Here, the first stop bush 38 is formed without the second recess 36. The magnet armature 27 comprises a second stop bushing 39. On one side of the second stop bushing 39, the first recess 35 and the fourth stop surface 14 are formed. The upper guide 31 is formed between the armature 27 and the housing 3.

Claims (10)

Einspritzventil (1), insbesondere zum Einspritzen von Brennstoff in eine Brennkraftmaschine, umfassend - ein Gehäuse (3) mit zumindest einer Spritzöffnung (5), - einen gegenüber dem Gehäuse (3) ortfesten Innenpol (6), - eine auf den Innenpol (6) magnetisch wirkende Magnetspule (8), - einen gegenüber dem Gehäuse linear beweglichen Magnetanker (27), - eine gegenüber dem Gehäuse (3) und gegenüber dem Magnetanker (27) linear bewegliche Ventilnadel (9), die zusammen mit dem Gehäuse (3) einen Ventilsitz (33) bildet, - eine erste, gegenüber dem Gehäuse (3) ortsfeste Anschlagfläche (11), und - eine zweite, an der Ventilnadel (9) ausgebildete Anschlagfläche (12), wobei die zweite Anschlagfläche (12) in einer Endposition der Ventilnadel (9) mit maximalem Ventilnadelhub an der ersten Anschlagfläche (11) anschlägt. Injection valve (1), in particular for injecting fuel into an internal combustion engine, comprising a housing (3) with at least one injection opening (5), - A relative to the housing (3) stationary inner pole (6), a magnetically acting magnetic coil (8) on the inner pole (6), a magnet armature (27) which can move linearly relative to the housing, a valve needle (9) which can move linearly relative to the housing (3) and with respect to the magnet armature (27) and forms a valve seat (33) together with the housing (3), - A first, relative to the housing (3) fixed stop surface (11), and - A second, on the valve needle (9) formed stop surface (12), wherein the second stop surface (12) abuts in an end position of the valve needle (9) with maximum Ventilnadelhub on the first stop surface (11). Einspritzventil nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die erste Anschlagfläche (11) am Innenpol (6) ausgebildet ist.Injection valve according to claim 1, characterized in that the first stop surface (11) is formed on the inner pole (6). Einspritzventil nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Innenpol (6) eine Anschlagbuchse (38) umfasst, an der die erste Anschlagfläche (11) ausgebildet ist.Injection valve according to claim 2, characterized in that the inner pole (6) comprises a stop bush (38) on which the first stop surface (11) is formed. Einspritzventil nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, gekennzeichnet durch eine erste Rückstellfeder (29) zwischen dem Innenpol (6) und der Ventilnadel (9).Injection valve according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by a first return spring (29) between the inner pole (6) and the valve needle (9). Einspritzventil nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass an der Ventilnadel (9) eine dritte, dem Ventilsitz (33) zugewandte Anschlagfläche (13) ausgebildet ist, und am Magnetanker (27) eine vierte, dem Ventilsitz (33) abgewandte Anschlagfläche (14) ausgebildet ist, wobei die dritte Anschlagfläche (13) und die vierte Anschlagfläche (14) bei der Bewegung der Ventilnadel (9) aneinander anschlagen.Injection valve according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that on the valve needle (9) a third, the valve seat (33) facing stop surface (13) is formed, and the magnet armature (27) a fourth, the valve seat (33) facing away from abutment surface ( 14) is formed, wherein the third stop surface (13) and the fourth stop surface (14) abut each other during the movement of the valve needle (9). Einspritzventil nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, gekennzeichnet durch eine zweite Rückstellfeder (30) zwischen dem Magnetanker (27) und der Ventilnadel (9) oder zwischen dem Magnetanker (27) und dem Gehäuse (3).Injection valve according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by a second return spring (30) between the armature (27) and the valve needle (9) or between the armature (27) and the housing (3). Einspritzventil nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass am Magnetanker (27) eine fünfte, dem Ventilsitz (33) zugewandte Anschlagfläche (15) ausgebildet ist, und an der Ventilnadel (9) eine sechste, dem Ventilsitz (33) abgewandte Anschlagfläche (16) ausgebildet ist, wobei die fünfte Anschlagfläche (15) und die sechste Anschlagfläche (16) bei der Bewegung der Ventilnadel (9) aneinander anschlagen.Injection valve according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that on the magnet armature (27) a fifth, the valve seat (33) facing stop surface (15) is formed, and on the valve needle (9) a sixth, the valve seat (33) facing away from abutment surface ( 16) is formed, wherein the fifth stop surface (15) and the sixth stop surface (16) abut each other during the movement of the valve needle (9). Einspritzventil nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Ventilnadel (9) einen Anschlagring (18) zwischen dem Innenpol (6) und dem Magnetanker (27) umfasst.Injection valve according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the valve needle (9) comprises a stop ring (18) between the inner pole (6) and the magnet armature (27). Einspritzventil nach Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Innenpol (6) und/oder der Magnetanker (27) eine Aussparung (35, 36) zur Aufnahme des Anschlagrings (18) umfassen.Injection valve according to claim 8, characterized in that the inner pole (6) and / or the magnet armature (27) comprise a recess (35, 36) for receiving the stop ring (18). Einspritzventil nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Magnetanker (27) an der Ventilnadel (9) und/oder am Gehäuse (3) linear geführt ist.Injection valve according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the magnet armature (27) is guided linearly on the valve needle (9) and / or on the housing (3).
EP13152703.8A 2012-02-29 2013-01-25 Injection valve Active EP2634412B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

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DE102012203124A DE102012203124A1 (en) 2012-02-29 2012-02-29 Injector

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US20130221138A1 (en) 2013-08-29
DE102012203124A1 (en) 2013-08-29

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