EP2630027B1 - Ancre installée à l'aide de la gravité - Google Patents

Ancre installée à l'aide de la gravité Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2630027B1
EP2630027B1 EP11749265.2A EP11749265A EP2630027B1 EP 2630027 B1 EP2630027 B1 EP 2630027B1 EP 11749265 A EP11749265 A EP 11749265A EP 2630027 B1 EP2630027 B1 EP 2630027B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
anchor
plate
line
gravity
gravity installed
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP11749265.2A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP2630027A1 (fr
Inventor
Jon Tore Lieng
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Deep Sea Anchors AS
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Deep Sea Anchors AS
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Publication date
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Publication of EP2630027A1 publication Critical patent/EP2630027A1/fr
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B21/00—Tying-up; Shifting, towing, or pushing equipment; Anchoring
    • B63B21/24—Anchors
    • B63B21/26—Anchors securing to bed
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D27/00—Foundations as substructures
    • E02D27/32—Foundations for special purposes
    • E02D27/52—Submerged foundations, i.e. submerged in open water
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
    • E02D5/74—Means for anchoring structural elements or bulkheads
    • E02D5/80—Ground anchors
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
    • E02D5/74—Means for anchoring structural elements or bulkheads
    • E02D5/80—Ground anchors
    • E02D5/803—Ground anchors with pivotable anchoring members
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B21/00—Tying-up; Shifting, towing, or pushing equipment; Anchoring
    • B63B21/24—Anchors
    • B63B21/26—Anchors securing to bed
    • B63B2021/265—Anchors securing to bed by gravity embedment, e.g. by dropping a pile-type anchor from a certain height
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B21/00—Tying-up; Shifting, towing, or pushing equipment; Anchoring
    • B63B21/24—Anchors
    • B63B21/38—Anchors pivoting when in use

Definitions

  • the present invention is a gravity installed anchor and a method for installing such an anchor.
  • the field of use is for mooring heavy marine constructions such as semisubmersible drilling platforms, petroleum production vessels or similar vessels.
  • a gravity installed anchor is installed by connecting it to a mooring line, using a installation/retrieval line to lower it to a desired height above the seafloor, and releasing the anchor to fall and penetrate to a desired depth below the seafloor into the sediments. Then the anchor line may be put in tension.
  • Gravity installed anchors usually comprise a long, vertical central shank, i. e. a weight stem; a massive shank comprising a solid steel cylinder or steel pipe filled with a heavy material such as steel grit, or a shank built of a massive steel plate structure, and provided with symmetrically arranged so-called "flukes", i.e. short laterally extending steel fins which extend along either the upper portion of the stem, or both the upper and lower portion of the stem. The fins are arranged for guiding the stem during the fall through the sea and into the relatively soft seabed.
  • An attachment point for an anchor line is arranged either in the top stern end of the anchor or in a rotating ring about the stem. Typical weight ranges for such anchors are from 15 to 45 tons.
  • US patent application US20060107886 describes an anchor for mooring large structures to a sea bottom, with an elongated central body with several channel members radiating outward from the central stem, each with a channel.
  • a plurality of nose and tail plates are disposed within the channels and hingedly connected to the central body, so that the plates may be swung in or out from the central body, and fixed by pins inserted in mating holes.
  • a load ring is arranged encircling the central body and the load ring is provided with an arm for linking to an anchor line.
  • WO2009/105630 describes a method and an apparatus for placing gravity installed anchors under offshore conditions for mooring structures to such anchors.
  • a gravity install anchor has an outward extending load arm which is rotatable with respect to the anchor's vertical axis.
  • a load line is attached to the load arm, and a subsea connector is attached to the remote end of the load line.
  • the subsea connector is held in a frame at the seafloor and arranged for simplifying the connection.
  • the gravity install anchor and the mooring assembly is lowered from the anchor handling vessel on a lowering line and released from a release hook at the end of the lowering line.
  • WO2004/011327 describes an anchor plate to be hingedly mounted at its central portion to an upwards extending vertical split pipe with a threaded-in anchor chain before being stabbed into the seabed.
  • the sheet anchor of WO2004/011327 requires a vibratory hammer for liquidifying the soil in order to penetrate into the seabed, and is as thus not a gravity install anchor. After launching the split pipe is removed and the anchor chain is tensioned.
  • US patent US6598555 "Marine anchors" is considered to be the closest prior art and describes a plate-shaped anchor provided with a vertically arranged rigid stack of weights forming a weight pile.
  • the weight pile is driven down into the seabed by the gravity force of the weight pile, whereby the weight pile is removed and the anchor loaded by an attached anchor line.
  • the weight of the weight pile is not sufficient to drive the anchor of US6598555 to the required depth, and in Figs. 22-24 it is shown that the weight pile anchor has to be pulled in a complex sequence in order to pull out the pile vertically and then pull the anchor plate laterally and downwards to the required depth.
  • the device of US6598555 is thus not purely a gravity install anchor. The outcome of operating such a complexly arranged anchor pile and plate in a marine operation may be unpredictable.
  • the symmetrical gravity installed anchors of the background art have generally symmetrical properties about their vertical axis. They may be loaded generally to the same amount in all azimuthal directions.
  • two of the fins may extend in a direction generally near a transverse plane relative to the anchor line direction, please see Fig. 5 , and provide a horizontal retention capacity in the sediments, while the area of the two other orthogonally arranged fins contribute less or not at all to the horizontal retention capacity because they are more or less in-line with the anchor line direction. The area of half of the fins is thus not fully exploited in the background art.. Further, much of the mass is in the generally cylindrical shank and the steel mass contributes comparatively less to the retention capacity in the transverse direction than it would have done if formed as fins.
  • the invention is, in a material aspect, a gravity installed anchor (1) comprising a metal plate (22) with one or more connection points (8) on a front face (221) of said plate (22) for an anchor line (17).
  • the massive metal plate (22) is arranged for being gravity installed in sedimentary layers under the seafloor.
  • the plate (22) is arranged for being installed transverse to the extension of the anchor line (17) direction when in its operative state.
  • the gravity installed anchor comprises an elongated shank (0) connected to the plate (22) and arranged for being directed along the plate (22) during the gravity installation process, the elongated weight stem (0) provided with a nose portion (5) with a nose (51).
  • a hinge preferably centrally arranged on the plate, may form the link between the plate and the stem, so as for the plate to be able to rotate about the hinge when the anchor line is pulled taut.
  • the anchor according to the invention may be defined as a gravity installed anchor (1) comprising a main anchor plate (22) with one or more connection points (8) for extending an anchor line (17) from a front face (221) of said anchor plate (22), and with an elongated shank (0) provided with a nose portion (5), said elongated shank (0) connected near its top stem portion (6) to said anchor plate (22) and extending near vertically downward in its installation state and arranged for being directed along said anchor plate during a gravity installation process, characterised by
  • the gravity installed anchor (1) further comprises that said hinge (61) is arranged near a centre of said anchor plate (22).
  • the gravity installed anchor (1) further comprises that said hinge (61) is arranged near a central part of an upper portion of said anchor plate (22).
  • An embodiment of the invention may constitute an intermediate arrangement with the hinge (61) arranged somewhere between the centre of the plate (22) and the central part of the upper portion of the plate (22).
  • a method for anchoring using a gravity installed anchor (1) comprising:
  • the anchor according to the invention may be oriented with the plate (22) generally transverse to the desired direction of the anchor line's operative direction, which is usually determined during the planning of the mooring operation. This helps achieving a high retention capacity in the desired direction.
  • An anchor for this use wherein a major proportion of the wings are directed normal to the load direction will provide better horizontal retention capacity.
  • the distribution of the anchor's mass on one single large plate with a stem instead of distributing the same mass on a single stem or a stem with three or more smaller flukes will increase the available anchor plate area available for holding the tension in the anchor line if aligned normal to the loading direction.
  • the anchor of the invention having a large two-winged heavy anchor plate and a weight stem extending below and parallel with the anchor plate, is completely stable during the gravity installation due to the mass distribution relative to the wing area distribution.
  • the said shank (0) has weight for leading, and stabilising during the drop.
  • the shank forms a spearhead during gravity installation.
  • the invention is distinct from those of the prior art in which a large area anchor plate is arranged at the lower part of a trailing weight pile, which is less stable.
  • the anchor according to the invention may be rotated about a horizontal axis after gravity installation, during the tightening of the anchor line.
  • the retention capacity may be further adjusted to have the highest retention capacity in the direction of the taut anchor line.
  • the hinged shank (22) is not preventing said plate (22) from rotating after gravity installation, thus the hinge link between the shank and the plate advantageously reduces the torsion moment required for this pivoting operation for the plate.
  • the anchor according to the invention has a reduced risk of being pulled out of the sediments because the anchor's plate will seek to arrange itself orthogonal to the anchor line when taut, and there will be no or little force component in the "easy" pull-out direction i.e. parallel to the anchor plate (22).
  • connection points (8) slightly offset downwards in their elevation on the plate (22).
  • the connection points may be arranged slightly below the geometrical centre of the plate (22), so as if the anchor is pulled with a force past its holding capacity, to enable the anchor to be tilted to an angle which will make it penetrate deeper into the sediments, thereby attaining a greater holding capacity.
  • the anchor according to the invention is illustrated in Figs. 1 , 2 , 3 , and 4 .
  • the invention is a gravity installed anchor (1) comprising a massive metal plate (22), preferably of steel, with one or more connection points (8) on a front face (221) of said plate (22) for an anchor line (17).
  • the plate may be slightly kinked along a central line which will be generally vertical during the gravity installation, please see Figs. 1 and 4 .
  • the convex face of the kinked plate is the front face, i.e. the face from which the anchor line extends.
  • the anchor comprising at least the massive metal plate (22) is for being arranged in a vertical position in the sea before being dropped from a desired elevation above the seafloor.
  • the anchor with the massive metal plate (22) is arranged for being gravity installed in this way in the sedimentary layers under the seafloor.
  • the plate (22) arranged for being installed transverse to the anchor line's (17) extension when in an operative state.
  • the orientation of the plate is not random: the anchor according to the invention has a significantly higher retention force when loaded by a tension line normal to the plane of the plate (22) than if loaded by a tension line directed in a plane parallel with the plate.
  • the plate (22) is tapered in its lower portion to a general V-shape pointing along with the shank.
  • connection points (8) may in an embodiment be slightly asymmetrically located on plate (22) with the one or more lower connected bridle lines shorter than higher connected bridle lines, such that if the anchor is pulled with a force past its holding capacity, the anchor plate (22) and shank (0) will be rotated to an angle which will make it penetrate deeper into the sediments thereby attaining a greater holding capacity.
  • the plate (22) has a general rectangular shape forming two fin portions symmetrically extending about a vertical central symmetry line as counted in the vertical operational position of the anchor.
  • the two fin portions may be slightly kinked about the vertical central line so that the centre of gravity is at or near the vertical axis of the anchor.
  • the upper, rear part of the fins may form a horizontal edge, and the lower, front edge part of the fins may be tapered off as illustrated in Fig. 1c and Fig. 2b .
  • Preferably a main part of the outer edge of each fin is straight and parallel to the vertical central line.
  • the tapering may be extensive so that the shape of the plate (22) may have a general triangular, downward-pointed shape.
  • the anchor may generally be constituted by the main plate (22) with necessary connection points (8) to the anchor line's bridle lines (17a, 17b, 17c). Such an embodiment would simply be a main plate (22) similar to what is illustrated in Fig. 1 , 2 , 3 or 4 without a weight stem.
  • the anchor (1) comprises an elongated weight stem or so-called shank(0) connected to the plate (22) and arranged for being directed along the plane before and during the gravity installation process, such as illustrated in Fig. 4a and Fig. 4b .
  • the weight shank may be massive or comprise a hollow section ballasted for example with heavy grit.
  • the elongated shank(0) is provided with a nose portion (5) with a nose (51).
  • the elongated shank(0) is advantageously generally of cylindrical shape, i.e. rotationally symmetric about a longitudinal axis along a significant portion of the shank.
  • the shank (0) may also be made of vertical plates with a cross-section in a general X-shape.
  • the anchor line's bridle lines (17a, 17b, 17c) should be generally of equal lengths in order for the taut anchor line arrangement to have the plate oriented orthogonal to the anchor line's direction.
  • the upper bridle line or lines should be slightly longer than the lower bridle line or lines, so as for the plate to be slightly tilted and forced to penetrate deeper to regain hold.
  • the anchor may have a submerged weight of 15 to 45 tons (15000 - 45000 kg) or even more.
  • the main plate (22) is a thick steel plate of thickness 50 to 100 mm or more.
  • the steel plate may be massive or laminated from a stack of thinner steel plates.
  • a main purpose of the thick steel plate is to provide a large surface area transverse to the direction of the anchor line's direction, and to provide sufficient mechanical stiffness to the anchor, and to provide sufficient weight for the anchor to penetrate to a desired depth below the seafloor.
  • the overall height of the anchor may be in the range of 6 to 12 metres, and the height of the main plate about 4 to 6 m, with the width across the main plate being about 3 to 5 m.
  • the area of the main plate may be in the range between 8 and 20 m 2 .
  • Such an anchor may have an operational tension capacity of about 300 to 750 tons at 15 - 20 m penetrated depth depending on the mechanical properties of the sedimentary layers below the sea floor.
  • the plate (22) is pivotally attached to a hinge (61) near an upper part of the stem (0), preferably at a top stem portion (6) of the shank(0) such as illustrated in the operative position in Fig. 4c , and in further mechanical detail in Fig. 1b, Figs. 2b and 2c, and Fig. 3a .
  • the hinge (61) may have a generally horizontal axle (62) for tilting the plate (22) relative to the shank (0). In this manner the plate may be tilted away from the vertical position after having been dropped into the sediments wherein the shank initially is in the gravity installed vertical position. After rotating the plate (22), the shank extends with some angle out from an opposite, rear face (222) of the main plate (22), as illustrated in Fig. 4c .
  • the hinge (61) is arranged near a centre of said plate (22).
  • the hinge may comprise a short robust axle through massive hinge eyelets arranged on top of the stem near the centre of the plate (22) as shown in Fig. 1b and Fig. 3a .
  • the gravity installed anchor (1) further comprises that said hinge (61) is arranged near a central part of an upper portion of said anchor plate (22).
  • An embodiment of the invention may constitute an intermediate arrangement with the hinge (61) arranged somewhere between the centre of the plate (22) and the central part of the upper portion of the plate (22).
  • the gravity installed anchor (1) may have a recess of generally concave or V-shape(63) for receiving at least an upper part (6) of said shank (0) in said rear face (222) of said plate (22).
  • the recess (63) illustrated in Figs. 1b and 3a may correspond to a ridge (64) on the opposite front face (221) as shown in Fig. 1c .
  • the ridge and recess (63, 64) along the main plate (22) increases the main plate's bending stiffness about a horizontal axis through the main plate. This allows increasing the area of the main plate (22) as compared to an allowable area of a plain plate without any such ridge or recess, thus increasing the bearing capacity of the installed anchor.
  • a ridge may also be arranged on the rear face.
  • the recess allows integration of the weight shank during installation in order to reduce the cross-section area of the descending anchor so as for reducing the resistance of the anchor in the drop phase in the water and down through the sediments.
  • the recess (63) or at least the lower portion of the main plate (22) is provided with one or more guide fin or plate (224) extending at right angles to the hinge's (61) axis and parallel to a slot (225) in or along the upper stem portion (6).
  • This slot is for receiving said guide plate (224) so as for stabilising the weight stem and the main plate during the gravity installation process with the fall through the water and the penetration through the sediments, and also for stabilizing the main plate relative to the stem during the subsequent rotation when tightening the bridle lines, please see below.
  • the guide plate (224) may go through the shank as shown or may comprise two guide plates arranged in parallel with a separation equal to the local diameter of the shank such that the shank is not split or weakened in any way.
  • connection points (8) are at least two.
  • the connection points (8) are preferably arranged on either sides of the vertical central line of the plate (22), which is said ridge (64) if present, the connection points (8) for being connected to two bridle lines (17a, 17b) of said mooring line (17).
  • This arrangement of at least two bridle lines is for enabling to adjust and stabilize the azimuth of the anchor using the mooring line (17)].
  • connection points (8) may in such an embodiment be arranged generally in a triangular pattern about the centre of said plate (22), two of said connection points (8) arranged on either sides of said ridge (64) for being connected to first and second bridle lines (17a, 17b) of said mooring line (17) and a third connection point arranged on said ridge (64) for being connected to a third bridle line (17c) of said mooring line (17).
  • connection points (8) may be formed as one or more of the following:
  • the anchor may be installed as follows:
  • a floating or subsea marker buoy (173) may be attached to the installation line (172) for being used for retrieving the anchor if desired.
  • the anchor line (17) is put under tension so as for tilting the plate (22) towards an orthogonal position relative to said anchor line (17), please see Fig. 4c .
  • the anchor line's connection may be arranged with the lower bridle line slightly shorter so as for forcing the anchor to plough deeper into the seabed if its present holding capacity is overcome.
  • a fixed shank will, due to a longer vertical extension of the combined stem and plate, require a significantly higher overturning moment than what may be available set up by the anchor line's (17) bridle lines (17a, 17b, 17c).
  • An anchor with no shank (0) or a hinged shank (0) may require a higher moment than what may be available set up by the anchor line's (17) bridle lines (17a, 17b, 17c).
  • the above discussed anchor of the invention may be used to make a mooring array of 8 to 12 or more anchors arranged in a pattern about a central predefined mooring location for a marine floating structure such as a drilling platform or petroleum production platform.
  • a method for installing a gravity installed anchor (1) may thus comprise the following steps:
  • the penetrometer (100) may be measured for its penetration depth and it may also carry instruments for measuring sediment properties such as consolidation and shear resistance, and it may comprise a sediment core sampler.
  • the penetrometer could be dropped and retrieved using the installation line.

Claims (18)

  1. Ancre installée par gravité (1) comprenant
    - une plaque d'ancrage principale (22) avec un ou plusieurs point (s) de raccordement (8) pour étendre une ligne d'ancrage (17) à partir d'une face avant (221) de ladite plaque d'ancrage (22) et avec une face arrière (222) opposée à ladite face avant (221),
    - un arbre allongé (0) raccordé au niveau d'une charnière (61) à ladite plaque d'ancrage (22) et agencé pour s'étendre presque verticalement et parallèlement à ladite plaque d'ancrage (22) au cours de l'installation par gravité,
    - caractérisée par
    - ladite charnière (61) étant agencée pour permettre la rotation de ladite plaque d'ancrage (22) à l'écart d'un plan vertical et dudit arbre (0) après l'installation par gravité,
    - ledit arbre (0) s'étendant vers le bas à partir de ladite charnière (61).
  2. Ancre installée par gravité (1) de la revendication 1, ladite charnière (61) étant agencée au niveau d'une partie de tige supérieure (6) dudit arbre (0).
  3. Ancre installée par gravité (1) de la revendication 1 ou 2, ladite charnière (61) ayant un axe de pivotement globalement horizontal.
  4. Ancre installée par gravité (1) de l'une des revendications précédentes, comprenant un essieu de rotation horizontal formant ledit axe de pivotement horizontal.
  5. Ancre installée par gravité (1) de l'une des revendications précédentes, comprenant en outre que ladite charnière (61) est agencée à proximité d'un centre de ladite plaque d'ancrage (22).
  6. Ancre installée par gravité (1) de l'une des revendications précédentes, ladite plaque (22) étant effilée dans sa partie inférieure en une forme globale en V.
  7. Ancre installée par gravité (1) de l'une des revendications précédentes, le nombre desdits points de raccordement (8) étant au moins deux, chacun desdits points de raccordement (8) étant destiné à être raccordé à des lignes de bride respectives correspondantes (17a, 17b, ...) de ladite ligne d'amarrage (17).
  8. Ancre installée par gravité (1) de l'une des revendications précédentes, pourvue d'un évidement (63) pour recevoir ledit arbre (0) dans ladite face arrière (222) de ladite plaque d'ancrage (22), ledit évidement (63) correspondant à une arête (64) sur ladite face avant (221).
  9. Ancre installée par gravité (1) de l'une des revendications précédentes, ladite plaque d'ancrage (22) étant pourvue d'un ou de plusieurs guide(s) tel(s) qu'une plaque de guidage (224) s'étendant à angle droit vers l'axe de ladite charnière (61), ladite plaque de guidage (224) étant parallèle à une fente (225) le long d'une partie dudit arbre (0), ladite fente étant destinée à recevoir ladite plaque ou lesdites plaques de guidage (224).
  10. Ancre installée par gravité (1) de l'une des revendications précédentes, au moins deux desdits points de raccordement (8) étant agencés de part et d'autre d'une ligne centrale verticale sur ladite plaque d'ancrage (22).
  11. Ancre installée par gravité (1) de l'une des revendications précédentes, le nombre desdits points de raccordement (8) étant trois, lesdits points de raccordement (8) étant agencés selon un motif triangulaire autour d'un centre de ladite plaque d'ancrage (22), l'un desdits points de raccordement (8) étant agencé à proximité de ladite ligne centrale verticale sur ladite plaque d'ancrage (22) pour être raccordé à une ligne de bride (17c) de ladite ligne d'amarrage (17).
  12. Ancre installée par gravité de l'une des revendications précédentes, pourvue d'un point de raccordement d'installation (9) pour une ligne d'installation (172) à proximité d'une extrémité supérieure de ladite plaque d'ancrage (22).
  13. Ancre de l'une des revendications précédentes, ladite plaque (22) étant stratifiée à partir d'un certain nombre de plaques d'acier plus fines.
  14. Procédé d'ancrage utilisant une ancre installée par gravité (1), caractérisé par le fait
    - de fournir une plaque métallique massive (22) avec une tige s'étendant vers le bas (0) articulée à ladite plaque (22) et un point de raccordement d'installation (9) au niveau d'une extrémité supérieure ;
    - de raccorder une ligne d'ancrage (17) à un ou à plusieurs point(s) de raccordement (8) au niveau d'une face avant (221) de ladite plaque (22) ;
    - de fixer une ligne d'installation (172) audit point de raccordement d'installation (9) ;
    - d'abaisser, en utilisant ladite ligne d'installation (172), ladite plaque (22) jusqu'à une hauteur souhaitée (h) au-dessus d'une position prédéterminée (x, y) sur le fond marin ;
    - de libérer ladite plaque (22) de ladite hauteur (h) ;
    - de laisser ladite plaque (22) chuter et pénétrer dans ledit fond marin sous l'effet de la gravité ;
    - de tendre ladite ligne d'ancrage (17) le long d'une ligne prédéterminée de tension ;
    - de raccorder une extrémité opposée de ladite ligne d'ancrage (17) à un navire à ancrer.
  15. Procédé de la revendication 14, comprenant le fait de tendre ladite ligne d'ancrage (17) de manière à incliner ladite plaque (22) vers une position orthogonale par rapport à ladite ligne d'ancrage (17).
  16. Procédé de l'une des revendications 14 et 15, dans lequel, après l'étape d'abaissement de la plaque jusqu'à une hauteur souhaitée (h) au-dessus du fond marin, comprenant le fait
    - de diriger ladite plaque (22) dans une direction azimutale transversale à ladite ligne prédéterminée de tension de ladite ligne d'ancrage (17).
  17. Procédé d'installation d'une ancre installée par gravité (1) selon la revendication 14,
    comprenant le fait
    - de fournir une ou plusieurs ancre(s) installée(s) par gravité (1) ;
    - de fournir un pénétromètre (100) de dimensions réduites et avec des propriétés de conception et de pénétration similaires à ladite ou auxdites plusieurs ancre(s) installée(s) par gravité ;
    - d'abaisser ledit pénétromètre jusqu'à une hauteur commandée au-dessus du fond marin à proximité d'un emplacement d'installation d'ancre sélectionnée ;
    - de libérer ledit pénétromètre pour pénétrer dans ledit fond marin ;
    - de mesurer au moins une profondeur de pénétration dudit pénétromètre ;
    - de configurer l'une desdites ancres installées par gravité en fonction de la mesure ci-dessus par une ou plusieurs des actions ci-dessous qui consistent :
    - à déterminer la hauteur de chute par libération pour l'ancre installée par gravité ;
    - à sélectionner une ancre parmi différentes ancres installées par gravité disponibles ;
    - à concevoir une ancre installée par gravité sur la base de ladite mesure ;
    - à ballaster une ancre installée par gravité jusqu'à un poids supérieur ou inférieur en fonction de ladite mesure.
  18. Procédé selon la revendication 17, utilisant un dispositif d'échantillonnage de sédiments dans ledit pénétromètre pour fournir des échantillons de sédiments.
EP11749265.2A 2010-08-10 2011-08-10 Ancre installée à l'aide de la gravité Not-in-force EP2630027B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US37219510P 2010-08-10 2010-08-10
NO20101125A NO331792B1 (no) 2010-08-10 2010-08-10 Et gravitasjonsinstallert anker og fremgangsmate for installasjon av ankeret
PCT/NO2011/000221 WO2012021067A1 (fr) 2010-08-10 2011-08-10 Ancre installée par gravité

Publications (2)

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EP2630027A1 EP2630027A1 (fr) 2013-08-28
EP2630027B1 true EP2630027B1 (fr) 2016-04-06

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US (1) US20130160694A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP2630027B1 (fr)
NO (1) NO331792B1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2012021067A1 (fr)

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US10435858B2 (en) * 2013-09-03 2019-10-08 Lawrence S. Maxwell Modular grid foundation
US11053655B2 (en) * 2013-09-03 2021-07-06 Lawrence S. Maxwell Modular grid foundation
BR112016022023A2 (pt) 2014-03-27 2017-08-15 Intermoor Inc Método para instalação de um ou mais sistemas de âncora, e, sistema de âncora orientável
KR101722186B1 (ko) 2015-07-29 2017-03-31 삼성중공업 주식회사 자유 낙하형 드랍 앵커
KR101722206B1 (ko) 2015-07-29 2017-03-31 삼성중공업 주식회사 앵커
KR101701474B1 (ko) 2015-08-21 2017-02-01 삼성중공업 주식회사 앵커
KR101722166B1 (ko) * 2015-09-23 2017-03-31 삼성중공업 주식회사 앵커링 장치
RU178519U1 (ru) * 2017-12-21 2018-04-06 Федеральное государственное казенное военное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "ВОЕННАЯ АКАДЕМИЯ МАТЕРИАЛЬНО-ТЕХНИЧЕСКОГО ОБЕСПЕЧЕНИЯ имени генерала армии А.В. Хрулева" Грунтовый анкер со съёмной тягой
CN108423125B (zh) * 2018-05-14 2023-11-24 大连理工大学 一种新型轻质动力安装锚及安装方法
KR101953099B1 (ko) * 2018-06-26 2019-05-22 주식회사 디에이치오션 해저 환경보호용 수중앙카
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP2630027A1 (fr) 2013-08-28
NO331792B1 (no) 2012-04-02
WO2012021067A1 (fr) 2012-02-16
US20130160694A1 (en) 2013-06-27
NO20101125A1 (no) 2012-02-13

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