EP2626563B1 - Pump, recirculating device for a pump and rotor shaft for a pump - Google Patents
Pump, recirculating device for a pump and rotor shaft for a pump Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2626563B1 EP2626563B1 EP12176181.1A EP12176181A EP2626563B1 EP 2626563 B1 EP2626563 B1 EP 2626563B1 EP 12176181 A EP12176181 A EP 12176181A EP 2626563 B1 EP2626563 B1 EP 2626563B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- pump
- separation
- accordance
- fluid
- recirculation
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Links
- 230000003134 recirculating effect Effects 0.000 title claims description 3
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 78
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 78
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 37
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 34
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 21
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 21
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 13
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000009931 harmful effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002028 premature Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920000297 Rayon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
- F04D29/70—Suction grids; Strainers; Dust separation; Cleaning
- F04D29/708—Suction grids; Strainers; Dust separation; Cleaning specially for liquid pumps
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
- F04D29/06—Lubrication
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D13/00—Pumping installations or systems
- F04D13/02—Units comprising pumps and their driving means
- F04D13/06—Units comprising pumps and their driving means the pump being electrically driven
- F04D13/08—Units comprising pumps and their driving means the pump being electrically driven for submerged use
- F04D13/086—Units comprising pumps and their driving means the pump being electrically driven for submerged use the pump and drive motor are both submerged
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
- F04D29/06—Lubrication
- F04D29/061—Lubrication especially adapted for liquid pumps
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D7/00—Pumps adapted for handling specific fluids, e.g. by selection of specific materials for pumps or pump parts
- F04D7/02—Pumps adapted for handling specific fluids, e.g. by selection of specific materials for pumps or pump parts of centrifugal type
- F04D7/04—Pumps adapted for handling specific fluids, e.g. by selection of specific materials for pumps or pump parts of centrifugal type the fluids being viscous or non-homogenous
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D13/00—Pumping installations or systems
- F04D13/02—Units comprising pumps and their driving means
- F04D13/06—Units comprising pumps and their driving means the pump being electrically driven
- F04D13/0606—Canned motor pumps
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D13/00—Pumping installations or systems
- F04D13/02—Units comprising pumps and their driving means
- F04D13/06—Units comprising pumps and their driving means the pump being electrically driven
- F04D13/0606—Canned motor pumps
- F04D13/062—Canned motor pumps pressure compensation between motor- and pump- compartment
Definitions
- the invention relates to a pump for delivering a pump fluid in the form of a multi-phase mixture and to a recirculation device for a pump according to the preamble of independent claims 1 and 15.
- pumps for the production of multi-phase mixtures such as for the production of crude oil.
- Such pumps often have to be operated in very inaccessible places, often many hundreds of meters, even up to a few thousand meters below the surface of the sea, where the pumps must be operated reliably under extreme conditions for considerable periods of time.
- a lubricant contaminated with sand can cause considerable damage to the parts to be lubricated because the hard grains of sand damage the surfaces of the components to be lubricated, which are often made of relatively soft metal can, which can ultimately lead to pump failure.
- the hardening of the corresponding parts is of course a measure that on the one hand is very complex and therefore expensive and ultimately does not actually solve the problem, because even that hardened parts cannot withstand the time of the frictional load, e.g. due to sand contained in the lubricant.
- Another point is that the The width of the lubricant gap between the rotating and / or static parts of the bearings can often not be reduced to the desired level, because otherwise the harmful influence of hard, non-compressible ingredients such as sand would be so great that premature wear of the corresponding bearings would be inevitable. Because the bearing gaps cannot be optimally adjusted due to such restrictions, the running smoothness of the stored parts can be negatively influenced, and due to the lubricant gaps not being optimally set, harmful vibrations can occur in the operating state, which can ultimately also lead to premature wear.
- Another from the EP12154903.4 Known device provides for separating the pump fluid by means of a separation device.
- the liquid and solid constituents of the pump fluid are separated from one another and the liquid components are used as a lubricant for lubricating rotating parts of the pump, in particular for lubricating the rotor shaft of the pump rotor.
- the disadvantage of the described device is that only solid or liquid ingredients can be separated, although gaseous ingredients also have a negative effect on the lubricating behavior of the lubricant because, for example, the viscosity, i.e. the viscosity of the pump fluid used as a lubricant, is poorly or not at all suitable for use as a lubricant is.
- the publication CH 672 007 A5 discloses a self-priming centrifugal pump with a cell flush and a separation chamber assigned between the last impeller and drive motor.
- a so-called cell flushing is effected on the outer area of the last pump wheel by means of a fixed guide surface F and a likewise fixed catch nozzle D, whereby gas is removed from the pumped medium.
- the gas separated from the medium can be lifted by internal Delivery channels or the shaft bore through the motor, escape to the pressure port of the pump-motor unit. With the separation of gas or air from the pumped medium, a pump will be created that works self-priming and avoids the disadvantages of large-volume pre-suction containers.
- the object of the invention is therefore to propose a pump for pumping a pump fluid in the form of a multi-phase mixture, in which the pump fluid can be used simultaneously for the lubrication of rotating parts of the pump, in particular for the lubrication of the rotor shaft of the pump rotor, those known from the prior art harmful effects of the ingredients on the lubrication process are largely avoided.
- the invention thus relates to a pump with the features of claim 1.
- a recirculation device is provided with which a predeterminable amount of a gas, in practice often natural gas, can be recirculated in the operating state.
- the gas which can be separated from the pump fluid, is essentially separated from the pump fluid with the aid of the separation device and in particular by means of the centrifugal force acting in the separation device.
- the pumping fluid to be pumped can be a multi-phase mixture, which comprises crude oil and natural gas loaded with sand, and which is pumped, for example, from a raw source through the pump into a collective store.
- the pump fluid in the rotating separation device is the one acting there due to the rotation Exposed to centrifugal forces.
- the sand Due to the higher density of the sand compared to the liquid and gaseous fraction of the pump fluid, whereby the gaseous fraction in turn has a lower density than the liquid fraction, the sand accumulates under the action of centrifugal force on the outer edge, the liquid fraction in the middle and the gaseous components inside, for example in an annular chamber of the separation device.
- Another cause for the separation of the gas from the pump fluid is, for example, the pressure difference between the recirculation device and the high pressure side of the pump.
- the pump fluid flows from the high pressure side of the pump to the recirculation device, that is to say in the direction of an alley where the gas is separated from the pump fluid and from there flows out again in a certain direction, preferably in the direction of the high pressure side of the pump.
- a phase of the pump fluid that is highly enriched with gas is formed in the interior of the annular chamber, which phase is preferably discharged back to the high pressure side of the pump by means of a recirculation device according to the invention, and pump gas that is not enriched with gas for the lubrication, e.g. the rotor shaft is used.
- the removal of the lubricating fluid that is to be used for the lubrication takes place at a more external diameter of the annular chamber of the separation device, where a phase of the pump fluid with a low gas and sand concentration has accumulated.
- a phase of the pump fluid highly enriched with sand forms on the outer edge of the annular chamber of the separation device and is preferably discharged from there via a corresponding separating line back to the low-pressure side of the pump and not for lubrication, e.g. the rotor shaft.
- any components of the pump fluid that have corresponding density differences can be separated with the separation device and the gaseous components with Recirculation device are preferably recirculated to the high pressure side, so that, for example, the proportion of the pump fluid that is to be used for lubrication has a predetermined suitable viscosity, which is not too high or too low, because gaseous components with the recirculation device and with the aid of the separation device are removable.
- the present invention it is possible with the present invention to separate not only solid or liquid ingredients, but also gaseous ingredients, which have a negative effect on the lubrication behavior, from the pumping fluid to be pumped and to recirculate by means of the recirculation device that has a phase cleaned of ingredients to a sufficient extent of the pump fluid is provided, which can be used to lubricate rotating parts of the pump, the harmful effects of the ingredients known from the prior art on the lubrication process being largely avoided.
- mixing or solution phenomena can also be relevant, for example, which have a further positive effect on the process of recirculation.
- gas fractions it is possible for gas fractions to be dissolved in higher viscose and / or in fluid constituents of higher density or to be enclosed in the form of bubbles, for example, and thus also separated and recirculated by the recirculation device according to the invention.
- other processes known per se can also contribute to the fact that not only components of lower density but also those with higher density can be separated off via the recirculation device, because they are carried along by the components of higher density.
- the shaft bushing forms a shaft bearing and comprises a stationary bushing and a rotating shaft sleeve, the annular gap between the stationary bushing and the rotating one Shaft sleeve can be formed.
- the shaft bushing advantageously forms a throttle point.
- the advantage of this measure is that the throttling points, i.e. ring-shaped seals, which serve to separate the pressure stages, constantly lubricate and stabilize the rotor and serve for pressure separation, so that the rotor is only lubricated with liquid during its rotating movement.
- the recirculation device comprises a feed line, a recirculation line and a means for increasing the pressure, in particular a screw conveyor and / or a corrugated line.
- the means for increasing the pressure are located in the recirculation line, that is to say the inside of the line is partially or completely corrugated and / or has a screw conveyor, so that, as the person skilled in the art immediately understands, the pressure in the recirculation line is similar the effect of a throttle, via which the pressure of the high pressure side of the pump or a lane is increased.
- the recirculation device for supplying the pump fluid into the recirculation device is connected to the high pressure side of the pump by means of a supply line, so that the pump fluid flows from the high pressure side of the pump to the recirculation device in the operating state.
- the recirculation device is connected to the flow via a recirculation line with the high-pressure side of the pump and / or a gas line.
- the recirculation line is designed in such a way that by means of the means for increasing the pressure, a pressure in the recirculation line higher than on the high-pressure side of the pump and / or the gas duct can be produced and the gas can be conveyed from the recirculation device to the high-pressure side and / or the gas duct, whereby
- the gas alley is to be understood, for example, as an area for collecting the gas, a gas collection container, or a line which leads the gas into an area outside the pump.
- the recirculation device is designed as an integral part of the pumps.
- the feed and recirculation line can, for example, be an integral part of the pump housing, in particular a bore or bore-like connection opening running in the pump housing or pump stator or shaft bushing, or else can be realized by separate lines which connect the high pressure side to the recirculation device and / or the separation chamber connect.
- the separation device which also rotates with the rotor shaft about the axis of rotation, comprises an annular chamber, on which annular chamber a separating opening, preferably oriented tangentially, is provided for separating the ingredient.
- the separation device comprises a first separation opening for separating the gas and / or a second separation opening for separating an ingredient and / or a third separation opening for separating the lubricating fluid.
- the first separating opening is connected to the flow for separating the gas with the recirculation device and / or the recirculating line, so that, whereas the second separating opening for discharging the ingredient is connected to the low pressure side of the pump by means of a separating line.
- a phase of the pump fluid highly enriched with gas forms at the first separation opening in the interior of the annular chamber of the separation device.
- the removal of the lubricating fluid that is to be used for the lubrication takes place at the third separating opening, a further outward diameter of the annular chamber of the separation device, where a phase of the pumping fluid with a low gas and solid concentration, for example sand, has accumulated.
- a phase of the pump fluid that is highly enriched with sand forms on the outer edge of the annular chamber of the separation device and is preferred from there via the second separation opening and a corresponding separation line is discharged back to the low pressure side of the pump and is not used for lubrication, e.g. the rotor shaft
- the recirculation and separation line can of course also be integral components of the pump housing, in particular bores running in the pump housing or pump stator or bore-like connection openings, or the recirculation and separation line can also be realized by separate lines which separate the separation openings of the separation device with the recirculation device / line and / or the low pressure side of the pump or other places with low pressure.
- the annular gap is provided with the third separation opening by means of a lubricant opening flow-connected to the separation device such that the lubricant fluid at least partially freed from the ingredient can be supplied to the annular gap for lubricating the shaft bushing via the lubricant opening.
- an additional lubricant line can be provided such that a predeterminable amount of lubricating fluid can be removed from the separation device, in particular can be used to feed a further lubrication point of the pump.
- the lubricant line in particular can also be an integral part of the pump housing, in particular a bore running in the pump housing or pump stator, or a bore-like connection opening, or the lubricant line can also be realized by a separate line which connects the separation device of the separation chamber with the further lubrication point connects in the pump.
- the separation device can either be detachably connected to the rotor shaft, the separation device can in particular be designed as a separation disk which can be screwed to the rotor shaft. It is of course also possible that the separation device is an integral part of the rotor shaft, wherein the separation device can in particular be a separation disk integrally connected to the rotor shaft.
- the invention further relates to a recirculation device for a pump according to the invention.
- Fig. 1 shows the prior art using a pump, the construction of the shaft bushing with separation device somewhat is shown in more detail.
- the pump which is designated in the following as a whole by the reference symbol 1 ', serves in general to convey a pumping fluid 2' in the form of a multiphase mixture, ie the multiphase mixture consists of various solid, liquid and gaseous ingredients.
- the ingredients are essentially sand and gas, which are present as impurities in the pumping fluid 2 'in intolerable amounts.
- the pump fluid 2 ' is petroleum, which is available at an inlet pressure on a low-pressure side LP' of the pump 1 'and in the operating state by means of a pump rotor (not shown) which is rotatable about an axis of rotation A' according to the arrow P 'in a pump stator (not shown) ) is conveyed to a high pressure side HP 'of the pump 1'.
- the pump rotor is designed and arranged in a shaft passage 6 'via a rotor shaft 5' such that a lubricating film made of a lubricating fluid 200 'formed from the pumping fluid 2' can be formed in an annular gap 21 'between the rotor shaft 5' and the shaft passage 6 ' .
- a separation device 7 ' is provided on the rotor shaft 5', with which, in the operating state for providing the lubricating fluid 200 ', a predeterminable amount of the ingredient can be separated from the pump fluid 2' by means of a centrifugal force.
- the separation device 7' which is designed as a separation disc screwed to the rotor shaft 5 'of the pump 1' with screws 70 ', via a supply line with the High pressure side HP 'of pump 1' connected.
- the separation disk is covered by a cover D 'through which the pump fluid 2' is fed to the separation disk.
- the separation disc of the Fig. 1 comprises in detail that the separating disk, which rotates with the rotor shaft 5 'about the axis of rotation A', comprises an annular chamber, at least one essentially tangentially oriented separating opening on the annular chamber for separating the contents is provided.
- the separating opening is connected to the low-pressure side LP 'of the pump 1' via a separating line 721 'for discharging separated constituents, that is to say in the present example for removing the sand enriched in petroleum.
- the sand has a higher density than the lubricating fluid 200 'which is finally used to lubricate the rotor shaft 5'.
- the annular gap 21' is connected to the separating device 7 'by means of a lubricant opening 22' in such a way that the lubricating fluid 200 'at least partially freed from the sand contacts the annular gap 21 'for lubricating the shaft bushing 6' via the lubricant opening 22 '.
- a lubricant line 10 ' is additionally provided such that a predeterminable amount of lubricating fluid 200' can be removed from the separation disk, in particular for supplying further lubrication points of the pump 1 ', which additional lubricant points are not explicitly shown for reasons of clarity.
- the lubricating fluid 200 'branched off via the lubricant line 10' is used for the lubrication of further system parts which are outside the pump 1 'or are not part of the pump 1'.
- the separation device 7 ' that is to say the separation disk here, is detachably connected to the rotor shaft 5', but it is also possible for the separation device 7 'to be an integral part of the rotor shaft 5', and the separation device 7 'in particular to be one is integrally connected to the rotor shaft 5 'separation disc.
- the pump according to the invention serves in a very general way and in particular in the special embodiment of FIG Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 the pumping of a pump fluid in the form of a multiphase mixture.
- the pump which is designated in the following as a whole by reference numeral 1, serves in a very general manner Delivery of a pump fluid 2 in the form of a multiphase mixture, ie the pump fluid consists of various solid, liquid and gaseous ingredients. The ingredients are essentially sand and gas, which are present as impurities in the pumping fluid 2 in intolerable amounts.
- the pump fluid 2 for example crude oil, which is available at an inlet pressure on a low-pressure side LP of the pump 1 and can be conveyed to a high-pressure side HP of the pump in the operating state by means of a pump rotor 4 which is mounted in a pump stator 3 about an axis of rotation A according to the arrow P, and a rotor shaft 5 is arranged in a shaft bushing 6 such that a lubricating film can be formed from a lubricating fluid 200 formed from the pumping fluid 2 between the rotor shaft 5 and the shaft bushing 6 in an annular gap 21.
- a pump rotor 4 which is mounted in a pump stator 3 about an axis of rotation A according to the arrow P
- a rotor shaft 5 is arranged in a shaft bushing 6 such that a lubricating film can be formed from a lubricating fluid 200 formed from the pumping fluid 2 between the rotor shaft 5 and the shaft bushing 6 in an annular gap 21.
- a separation device 7 is provided on the rotor shaft 5, with which a predefinable amount of an ingredient can be separated from the pump fluid 2 by means of a centrifugal force in the operating state for providing the lubricating fluid 200 at the annular gap 21.
- a recirculation device 8 is provided, so that a gas 201 can be recirculated using the separation device 7.
- the shaft bushing 6 comprises a stationary bushing 9 and a rotating shaft sleeve 10.
- the annular gap 21 can, as in the present exemplary embodiment, be formed both between the stationary bushing 9 and the rotating shaft bushing 10, and also directly between the rotor shaft 5 and the shaft bushing 6 trainable.
- recirculation device 8 a feed line 81, a recirculation line 82 and a means for increasing pressure 83, in particular a screw conveyor and / or a corrugated line.
- the recirculation device 8 is connected to the high pressure side HP of the pump by means of the feed line 81, so that the pump fluid 2 flows from the high pressure side HP of the pump to the recirculation device 8.
- the separation device 7 or the separation disk which also rotates with the rotor shaft 5 about the axis of rotation A, comprises in detail an annular chamber, on which annular chamber a separating opening, preferably oriented tangentially, is provided for separating the ingredient.
- the separation device 7 or separation disk comprises a first separation opening 71 for separating the gas 201 and / or a second separation opening 72 for separating an ingredient and / or a third separation opening 73 for separating the lubricating fluid.
- the first separating opening 71 for separating the gas 201 is connected to the flow with the recirculation device 8 and / or recirculation line 82.
- the recirculation device 8 is connected in terms of flow by means of the recirculation line 82 to the high-pressure side HP of the pump and / or a gas line.
- the means for increasing the pressure 83 are required in order to generate a pressure in the recirculation line 82 which is higher than on the high-pressure side HP of the pump and / or the alleyway, so that the gas 201 from the recirculation device 8 to the high-pressure side HP of the pump and / or the alley is transportable.
- the recirculation device 8 is designed as an integral component in the pump stator 3, but it is also possible for the recirculation device 8 to be an external recirculation device 8 which is detachably connected to the pump.
- the annular gap 21 is connected to the third separating opening 73 of the separating device 7 by means of a lubricant opening 22 such that the lubricating fluid 200 at least partially freed from the ingredient is connected to the annular gap 21 for lubricating the shaft passage 6 via the lubricant opening 22 can be fed.
- a lubricant line is additionally provided such that a predeterminable amount of lubricating fluid 200 can be removed from the separation disk, in particular for supplying additional lubrication points of the pump 1, which additional lubricant points are not explicitly shown for reasons of clarity.
- the lubricating fluid 200 branched off via the lubricant line is used to lubricate further system parts which are outside the pump 1 or are not part of the pump 1.
- the second separating opening 72 is connected to the low-pressure side LP of the pump 1 via a separating line 721 for discharging separated constituents, that is to say in the present example for removing the sand enriched in petroleum.
- the sand has a higher density than the lubricating fluid 200 that is used to lubricate the rotor shaft 5.
- the separating line 721 is designed as an integral component in the shaft bushing 6 or the pump stator 3, but can also be guided as a separate additional separating line 721, for example on the outside of the pump housing.
- a second throttle point 74 is provided, which serves to increase the resistance in order to avoid a direct drain of the pump fluid 2.
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Pumpe zur Förderung eines Pumpfluids in Form eines Mehrphasengemischs sowie eine Rezirkulationseinrichtung für eine Pumpe gemäss dem Oberbegriff der unabhängigen Ansprüche 1 und 15.The invention relates to a pump for delivering a pump fluid in the form of a multi-phase mixture and to a recirculation device for a pump according to the preamble of independent claims 1 and 15.
Im Stand der Technik ist es eine wohlbekannte Massnahme, Inhaltsstoffe des Pumpfluids mittels der rotierenden Teile von Pumpen zu separieren und die Pumpe oder Drosselungen, also ringförmige Dichtungen, mit dem separierten Medium selbst zu schmieren, was den offensichtlichen Vorteil hat, dass dann für diese Schmieranwendungen kein spezielles Schmiermittel zur Verfügung gestellt werden muss. Das kann vor allem dann von besonderem Vorteil sein, wenn die Bereitstellung des Schmiermittels, z.B. zur Schmierung einer einen Pumpenrotor tragenden rotierenden Rotorwelle der Pumpe, nur unter besonderen Schwierigkeiten möglich ist. Ein weiterer Vorteil besteht darin, dass auf der Nichtantriebsseite durch den Einsatz eines selbstschmierenden bzw. produktgeschmierten Lagers auf eine Wellendichtung verzichtet werden kann, da die Welle nicht mehr zur Atmosphäre herausgeführt werden muss. Als prominente Beispiele sind neben einer Vielzahl weiterer Anwendungen Pumpen zur Förderung von Mehrphasengemischen, wie beispielsweise zur Förderung von Rohöl zu nennen. Solche Pumpen müssen häufig an sehr schlecht zugänglichen Orten betrieben werden, oft viele hundert Meter, sogar bis zu einigen tausend Metern unter der Meeresoberfläche, wo die Pumpen unter extremen Bedingungen über beträchtliche Zeiträume zuverlässig betrieben werden müssen.In the prior art, it is a well-known measure to separate the components of the pump fluid by means of the rotating parts of pumps and to lubricate the pump or throttles, i.e. ring-shaped seals, with the separated medium itself, which has the obvious advantage that these lubrication applications can then no special lubricant has to be provided. This can be particularly advantageous if the provision of the lubricant, for example for lubricating a rotating rotor shaft of the pump carrying a pump rotor, is only possible with particular difficulties. Another advantage is that a shaft seal can be dispensed with on the non-drive side by using a self-lubricating or product-lubricated bearing, since the shaft no longer has to be led out to the atmosphere. In addition to a large number of other applications, prominent examples include pumps for the production of multi-phase mixtures, such as for the production of crude oil. Such pumps often have to be operated in very inaccessible places, often many hundreds of meters, even up to a few thousand meters below the surface of the sea, where the pumps must be operated reliably under extreme conditions for considerable periods of time.
Ein bisher nur unzureichend gelöstes Problem tritt jedoch bei der Förderung solcher Pumpmedien, wie beispielweise bei einem Mehrphasengemisch auf, das neben Erdöl auch Erdgas und häufig auch Wasser und vor allem schädliche Feststoffanteile wie z.B. Sand enthält. Die zusätzlichen Inhaltsstoffe sind nämlich häufig für die Schmieranwendung eher schädlich. So versteht der Fachmann sofort, dass beispielsweise vor allem harte Inhaltsstoffe wie Sand die Schmierung massiv negativ beeinflussen können. Wird beispielweise ein mit Sand verunreinigtes Schmiermittel zur Schmierung einer Rotorwelle eines Pumpenrads verwendet, so kann der Sand im Schmiermittel beträchtliche Schäden an den zu schmierenden Teilen verursachen, weil die harten Sandkörner die Oberflächen der zu schmierenden Komponenten, die häufig aus verhältnismässig weichem Metall sind, beschädigen können, was letztlich zum Ausfall der Pumpe führen kann.However, a problem that has hitherto been solved inadequately arises when pumping such pumping media, for example in the case of a multi-phase mixture which, in addition to petroleum, also natural gas and frequently also water and, above all, harmful solids components, such as Contains sand. The additional ingredients are often rather harmful for the lubrication application. The specialist immediately understands that hard ingredients such as sand, for example, can have a massive negative impact on lubrication. For example, if a lubricant contaminated with sand is used to lubricate a rotor shaft of a pump wheel, the sand in the lubricant can cause considerable damage to the parts to be lubricated because the hard grains of sand damage the surfaces of the components to be lubricated, which are often made of relatively soft metal can, which can ultimately lead to pump failure.
Daher ist es im Stand der Technik bekannt, solche Teile die geschmiert werden, beispielsweise mit einem mit Sand verunreinigten Schmiermittel, besonders zu härten, damit der im Schmiermittel enthaltene Sand die Oberflächen nicht beschädigen kann, bzw. um den Verschleiss der entsprechenden Teile zumindest soweit zu reduzieren, dass vertretbar lange Standzeiten, also wirtschaftlich vertretbare Wartungsintervalle erreicht werden können.It is therefore known in the prior art to harden such parts that are lubricated, for example with a lubricant contaminated with sand, so that the sand contained in the lubricant cannot damage the surfaces, or to at least reduce the wear of the corresponding parts reduce that acceptable long downtimes, i.e. economically justifiable maintenance intervals, can be achieved.
Dabei ist das Härten der entsprechenden Teile, z.B. der Rotorwelle eines Laufrades der Pumpe bzw. der das Rotorwellenlager bilden statischen oder rotierenden Gegenparte und Lagerkomponenten natürlich eine Massnahme, die einerseits sehr aufwändig und damit teuer ist und letztlich das Problem nicht tatsächlich löst, weil selbst die gehärteten Teile mit der Zeit der reibenden Belastung, z.B. durch im Schmiermittel enthaltenen Sand, nicht auf Dauer standhalten können. Ein weiterer Punkt ist, dass auch beispielweise die Breite der Schmiermittelspalte zwischen den rotierenden und / oder statischen Teilen der Lager oft nicht auf das wünschenswerte Mass verkleinert werden können, weil ansonsten der schädliche Einfluss von harten, nicht kompressiblen Inhaltsstoffen wie Sand so gross würde, dass ein vorzeitiger Verschleiss der entsprechenden Lager unausweichlich würde. Dadurch, dass die Lagerspalte durch derartige Restriktionen nicht optimal einstellbar sind, kann die Laufruhe der gelagerten Teile negativ beeinflusst werden, und durch nicht optimal eingestellte Schmiermittelspalte können schädliche Schwingungen im Betriebszustand auftreten, was letztlich ebenfalls zu einem vorzeitigen Verschleiss führen kann.The hardening of the corresponding parts, e.g. the rotor shaft of an impeller of the pump or the static or rotating counterpart and bearing components, is of course a measure that on the one hand is very complex and therefore expensive and ultimately does not actually solve the problem, because even that hardened parts cannot withstand the time of the frictional load, e.g. due to sand contained in the lubricant. Another point is that the The width of the lubricant gap between the rotating and / or static parts of the bearings can often not be reduced to the desired level, because otherwise the harmful influence of hard, non-compressible ingredients such as sand would be so great that premature wear of the corresponding bearings would be inevitable. Because the bearing gaps cannot be optimally adjusted due to such restrictions, the running smoothness of the stored parts can be negatively influenced, and due to the lubricant gaps not being optimally set, harmful vibrations can occur in the operating state, which can ultimately also lead to premature wear.
Eine weitere aus der
Nachteil der beschriebenen Vorrichtung ist, dass lediglich feste oder flüssige Inhaltsstoffe abgeschieden werden können, obwohl auch gasförmige Inhaltsstoffe das Schmierverhalten des Schmiermittels negativ beeinflussen, weil beispielweise die Viskosität, also die Zähigkeit des als Schmiermittel verwendeten Pumpfluids für die Anwendung als Schmiermittel schlecht oder gar nicht geeignet ist.The disadvantage of the described device is that only solid or liquid ingredients can be separated, although gaseous ingredients also have a negative effect on the lubricating behavior of the lubricant because, for example, the viscosity, i.e. the viscosity of the pump fluid used as a lubricant, is poorly or not at all suitable for use as a lubricant is.
Die Druckschrift
Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es daher, eine Pumpe zur Förderung eines Pumpfluids in Form eines Mehrphasengemischs vorzuschlagen, bei welcher das Pumpfluid gleichzeitig zur Schmierung rotierender Teile der Pumpe, insbesondere zur Schmierung der Rotorwelle des Pumpenrotors verwendet werden kann, wobei die aus dem Stand der Technik bekannten schädlichen Einflüsse der Inhaltsstoffe auf den Schmiervorgang weitestgehend vermieden werden.The object of the invention is therefore to propose a pump for pumping a pump fluid in the form of a multi-phase mixture, in which the pump fluid can be used simultaneously for the lubrication of rotating parts of the pump, in particular for the lubrication of the rotor shaft of the pump rotor, those known from the prior art harmful effects of the ingredients on the lubrication process are largely avoided.
Die diese Aufgabe lösenden Gegenstände der Erfindung sind durch die Merkmale der unabhängigen Ansprüche 1 und 14 gekennzeichnet.The objects of the invention that achieve this object are characterized by the features of independent claims 1 and 14.
Die abhängigen Ansprüche beziehen sich auf besonders vorteilhafte Ausführungsformen der Erfindung.The dependent claims relate to particularly advantageous embodiments of the invention.
Die Erfindung betrifft somit eine Pumpe mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1.The invention thus relates to a pump with the features of claim 1.
Wesentlich für die Erfindung ist es somit, dass eine Rezirkulationseinrichtung vorgesehen ist, mit welcher im Betriebszustand eine vorgebbare Menge eines Gases, in der Praxis häufig Erdgas, rezirkulierbar ist. Das Gas, welches aus dem Pumpfluid separierbar ist, wird im Wesentlichen mit Hilfe der Separationseinrichtung und insbesondere mittels der in der Separationseinrichtung wirkenden Zentrifugalkraft aus dem Pumpfluid separiert. Dazu kann das durch die Pumpe zu fördernde Pumpfluid ein Mehrphasengemisch sein, das mit Sand beladenes Rohöl und Erdgas umfasst, und das beispielsweise aus einer Rohquelle durch die Pumpe in ein Sammellager gefördert wird. Das Pumpfluid ist dabei in der rotierenden Separationseinrichtung den dort aufgrund der Rotation wirkenden Zentrifugalkräften ausgesetzt. Aufgrund der höheren Dichte des Sandes im Vergleich zum flüssigen und gasförmigen Anteil des Pumpfluids, wobei die gasförmigen Anteile wiederum eine geringere Dichte als die flüssigen Anteile aufweisen, reichern sich dabei der Sand unter Wirkung der Zentrifugalkraft am äusseren Rand, die flüssigen Anteile in der Mitte und die gasförmigen Anteile im Inneren, zum Beispiel in einer Ringkammer der Separationseinrichtung, an. Eine weitere Ursache für die Separation des Gases aus dem Pumpfluid ist beispielsweise der Druckunterschied zwischen der Rezirkulationseinrichtung und der Hochdruckseite der Pumpe. Hierbei strömt das Pumpfluid von der Hochdruckseite der Pumpe zur Rezirkulationseinrichtung, also in Richtung einer Gassenke, wo das Gas aus dem Pumpfluid separiert wird und von dort in eine bestimmte Richtung, bevorzugt in Richtung der Hochdruckseite der Pumpe, wieder abströmt.It is therefore essential for the invention that a recirculation device is provided with which a predeterminable amount of a gas, in practice often natural gas, can be recirculated in the operating state. The gas, which can be separated from the pump fluid, is essentially separated from the pump fluid with the aid of the separation device and in particular by means of the centrifugal force acting in the separation device. For this purpose, the pumping fluid to be pumped can be a multi-phase mixture, which comprises crude oil and natural gas loaded with sand, and which is pumped, for example, from a raw source through the pump into a collective store. The pump fluid in the rotating separation device is the one acting there due to the rotation Exposed to centrifugal forces. Due to the higher density of the sand compared to the liquid and gaseous fraction of the pump fluid, whereby the gaseous fraction in turn has a lower density than the liquid fraction, the sand accumulates under the action of centrifugal force on the outer edge, the liquid fraction in the middle and the gaseous components inside, for example in an annular chamber of the separation device. Another cause for the separation of the gas from the pump fluid is, for example, the pressure difference between the recirculation device and the high pressure side of the pump. In this case, the pump fluid flows from the high pressure side of the pump to the recirculation device, that is to say in the direction of an alley where the gas is separated from the pump fluid and from there flows out again in a certain direction, preferably in the direction of the high pressure side of the pump.
Dadurch bildet sich im Inneren der Ringkammer eine mit Gas hoch angereicherte Phase des Pumpfluids aus, die mittels einer erfindungsgemässen Rezirkulationseinrichtung bevorzugt zurück auf die Hochdruckseite der Pumpe abgeführt wird und nicht mit Gas angereichertes Pumpfluid für die Schmierung, z.B. der Rotorwelle, verwendet wird. Die Entnahme des Schmierfluids, das für die Schmierung verwendet werden soll, erfolgt dabei an einem weiter aussen gelegenen Durchmesser der Ringkammer der Separationseinrichtung, wo sich eine Phase des Pumpfluids mit niedriger Gas- und Sandkonzentration angesammelt hat. Eine mit Sand hoch angereicherte Phase des Pumpfluids bildet sich am äusseren Rand der Ringkammer der Separationseinrichtung aus und wird von dort über eine entsprechende Abscheideleitung bevorzugt zurück auf die Niederdruckseite der Pumpe abgeführt wird und nicht für die Schmierung, z.B. der Rotorwelle, verwendet.As a result, a phase of the pump fluid that is highly enriched with gas is formed in the interior of the annular chamber, which phase is preferably discharged back to the high pressure side of the pump by means of a recirculation device according to the invention, and pump gas that is not enriched with gas for the lubrication, e.g. the rotor shaft is used. The removal of the lubricating fluid that is to be used for the lubrication takes place at a more external diameter of the annular chamber of the separation device, where a phase of the pump fluid with a low gas and sand concentration has accumulated. A phase of the pump fluid highly enriched with sand forms on the outer edge of the annular chamber of the separation device and is preferably discharged from there via a corresponding separating line back to the low-pressure side of the pump and not for lubrication, e.g. the rotor shaft.
Es versteht sich von selbst, dass auf diese Weise beliebige Inhaltsstoffe des Pumpfluids, die entsprechende Dichteunterschiede aufweisen, mit der Separationseinrichtung separieren lassen und die gasförmigen Anteile mit der Rezirkulationseinrichtung bevorzugt auf die Hochdruckseite rezirkuliert werden, so dass zum Beispiel der Anteil des Pumpfluids, der zum schmieren verwendet werden soll, eine vorbestimmte geeignete Viskosität hat, die nicht zu hoch oder zu niedrig ist, weil gasförmige Anteile mit der Rezirkulationseinrichtung und mit Hilfe der Separationseinrichtung entfernbar sind.It goes without saying that in this way any components of the pump fluid that have corresponding density differences can be separated with the separation device and the gaseous components with Recirculation device are preferably recirculated to the high pressure side, so that, for example, the proportion of the pump fluid that is to be used for lubrication has a predetermined suitable viscosity, which is not too high or too low, because gaseous components with the recirculation device and with the aid of the separation device are removable.
Somit ist es durch die vorliegende Erfindung erstmals möglich, nicht nur feste oder flüssige Inhaltsstoffe sondern auch gasförmige Inhaltsstoffe, die das Schmierverhalten negativ beeinflussen, so von dem zu fördernden Pumpfluid abzuseparieren und mittels der Rezirkulationseinrichtung zu rezirkulieren, das eine von Inhaltsstoffen in ausreichendem Masse gereinigte Phase des Pumpfluids bereitgestellt wird, die zur Schmierung rotierender Teile der Pumpe verwendet werden kann, wobei die aus dem Stand der Technik bekannten schädlichen Einflüsse der Inhaltsstoffe auf den Schmiervorgang weitestgehend vermieden werden. Dabei können, je nach genauer Zusammensetzung und Konsistent des Pumpfluids bzw. der Inhaltsstoffe, auch zum Beispiel Mischungs- oder Lösungsphänomene relevant sein, die den Prozess der Rezirkulation weiter positiv beeinflussen. So ist es zum Beispiel möglich, dass Gasanteile in höher Viskosen und / oder in fluiden Bestandteilen höherer Dichte gelöst oder zum Beispiel in Form von Blasen eingeschlossen sind und so durch die erfindungsgemässe Rezirkulationseinrichtung ebenfalls mit absepariert und rezirkuliert werden. Selbstverständlich können auch andere an sich bekannte Prozesse dazu beitragen, dass über die Rezirkulationseinrichtung nicht nur Bestandteile geringerer Dichte sondern auch solche mit höhere Dichte abscheidbar sind, weil sie durch die Bestandteile höherer Dichte mitgenommen werden.Thus, for the first time, it is possible with the present invention to separate not only solid or liquid ingredients, but also gaseous ingredients, which have a negative effect on the lubrication behavior, from the pumping fluid to be pumped and to recirculate by means of the recirculation device that has a phase cleaned of ingredients to a sufficient extent of the pump fluid is provided, which can be used to lubricate rotating parts of the pump, the harmful effects of the ingredients known from the prior art on the lubrication process being largely avoided. Depending on the precise composition and consistency of the pumping fluid or the ingredients, mixing or solution phenomena can also be relevant, for example, which have a further positive effect on the process of recirculation. For example, it is possible for gas fractions to be dissolved in higher viscose and / or in fluid constituents of higher density or to be enclosed in the form of bubbles, for example, and thus also separated and recirculated by the recirculation device according to the invention. Of course, other processes known per se can also contribute to the fact that not only components of lower density but also those with higher density can be separated off via the recirculation device, because they are carried along by the components of higher density.
Als besondere Massnahme bildet die Wellendurchführung ein Wellenlager und umfasst eine stationäre Buchse und eine drehende Wellenhülse, wobei der Ringspalt zwischen der stationären Buchse und der drehenden Wellenhülse ausbildbar ist. Im Speziellen bildet die Wellendurchführung vorteilhaft eine Drosselstelle.As a special measure, the shaft bushing forms a shaft bearing and comprises a stationary bushing and a rotating shaft sleeve, the annular gap between the stationary bushing and the rotating one Shaft sleeve can be formed. In particular, the shaft bushing advantageously forms a throttle point.
Vorteil dieser Massnahme ist, dass die Drosselstellen, also ringförmige Dichtungen, welche zur Trennung von Druckstufen dienen, ständig den Rotor schmieren und stabilisieren und der Druckseparation dienen, sodass der Rotor während seiner umlaufenden Bewegung ständig nur mit Flüssigkeit geschmiert wird.The advantage of this measure is that the throttling points, i.e. ring-shaped seals, which serve to separate the pressure stages, constantly lubricate and stabilize the rotor and serve for pressure separation, so that the rotor is only lubricated with liquid during its rotating movement.
Die Rezirkulationseinrichtung umfasst eine Zuführleitung, eine Rezirkulationsleitung und ein Mittel zur Druckerhöhung, insbesondere eine Förderschnecke und / oder eine geriffelte Leitung. In einem für die Praxis besonders bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiel befinden sich beispielsweise die Mittel zur Druckerhöhung in der Rezirkulationsleitung, d.h. die Leitung ist innen teilweise oder vollständig geriffelt und / oder hat eine Förderschnecke, sodass, wie der Fachmann sofort versteht, der Druck in der Rezirkulationsleitung, ähnlich dem Effekt einer Drossel, über den Druck der Hochdruckseite der Pumpe bzw. einer Gassenke erhöht wird. Ausserdem ist die Rezirkulationseinrichtung zur Zuführung des Pumpfluids in die Rezirkulationseinrichtung mittels einer Zuführleitung mit der Hochdruckseite der Pumpe strömungsverbunden, sodass das Pumpfluid im Betriebszustand von der Hochdruckseite der Pumpe zur Rezirkulationseinrichtung strömt. Zur Rezirkulation des Gases ist die Rezirkulationseinrichtung über eine Rezirkulationsleitung mit der Hochdruckseite der Pumpe und / oder einer Gassenke strömungsverbunden. Die Rezirkulationsleitung ist dabei derart ausgestaltet, dass mittels der Mittel zur Druckerhöhung ein Druck in der Rezirkulationsleitung höher als auf der Hochdruckseite der Pumpe und / oder der Gassenke herstellbar ist und das Gas von der Rezirkulationseinrichtung auf die Hochdruckseite und / oder die Gassenke beförderbar ist, wobei unter der Gassenke beispielsweise ein Bereich zum sammeln des Gases, ein Gassammelbehälter, oder eine Leitung, die das Gas in einen Bereich ausserhalb der Pumpe leitet, zu verstehen ist.The recirculation device comprises a feed line, a recirculation line and a means for increasing the pressure, in particular a screw conveyor and / or a corrugated line. In an embodiment which is particularly preferred in practice, for example, the means for increasing the pressure are located in the recirculation line, that is to say the inside of the line is partially or completely corrugated and / or has a screw conveyor, so that, as the person skilled in the art immediately understands, the pressure in the recirculation line is similar the effect of a throttle, via which the pressure of the high pressure side of the pump or a lane is increased. In addition, the recirculation device for supplying the pump fluid into the recirculation device is connected to the high pressure side of the pump by means of a supply line, so that the pump fluid flows from the high pressure side of the pump to the recirculation device in the operating state. For the recirculation of the gas, the recirculation device is connected to the flow via a recirculation line with the high-pressure side of the pump and / or a gas line. The recirculation line is designed in such a way that by means of the means for increasing the pressure, a pressure in the recirculation line higher than on the high-pressure side of the pump and / or the gas duct can be produced and the gas can be conveyed from the recirculation device to the high-pressure side and / or the gas duct, whereby The gas alley is to be understood, for example, as an area for collecting the gas, a gas collection container, or a line which leads the gas into an area outside the pump.
Die Rezirkulationseinrichtung ist dabei als integraler Bestandteil der Pumpen ausgebildet. Die Zuführ- und Rezirkulationsleitung können beispielweise ein integraler Bestandteil, des Pumpengehäuse, insbesondere eine im Pumpengehäuse bzw. Pumpenstator oder Wellendurchführung verlaufende Bohrung oder bohrungsähnliche Verbindungsöffnung sein, oder aber auch durch separate Leitungen realisiert sein, die die Hochdruckseite mit der Rezirkulationseinrichtung und / oder der Separationskammer verbinden.The recirculation device is designed as an integral part of the pumps. The feed and recirculation line can, for example, be an integral part of the pump housing, in particular a bore or bore-like connection opening running in the pump housing or pump stator or shaft bushing, or else can be realized by separate lines which connect the high pressure side to the recirculation device and / or the separation chamber connect.
Im Speziellen umfasst die mit der Rotorwelle um die Drehachse mitrotierende Separationseinrichtung eine Ringkammer, an welcher Ringkammer zur Abscheidung des Inhaltsstoffs eine bevorzugt tangential ausgerichtete Abscheideöffnung vorgesehen ist. Als bevorzugte Massnahme umfasst die Separationseinrichtung zur Abscheidung des Gases eine erste Abscheideöffnung und / oder zur Abscheidung eines Inhaltsstoffes eine zweite Abscheideöffnung und / oder zur Abscheidung des Schmierfluids eine dritte Abscheideöffnung. Die erste Abscheideöffnung ist zur Abscheidung des Gases mit der Rezirkulationseinrichtung und / oder der Rezirkulationsleitung strömungsverbunden, sodass, wohingegen die zweite Abscheideöffnung zum Abführen des Inhaltsstoffes mittels einer Abscheideleitung mit der Niederdruckseite der Pumpe strömungsverbunden ist.In particular, the separation device, which also rotates with the rotor shaft about the axis of rotation, comprises an annular chamber, on which annular chamber a separating opening, preferably oriented tangentially, is provided for separating the ingredient. As a preferred measure, the separation device comprises a first separation opening for separating the gas and / or a second separation opening for separating an ingredient and / or a third separation opening for separating the lubricating fluid. The first separating opening is connected to the flow for separating the gas with the recirculation device and / or the recirculating line, so that, whereas the second separating opening for discharging the ingredient is connected to the low pressure side of the pump by means of a separating line.
Da die abzuscheidenden Inhaltsstoffe unterschiedliche Dichten haben, bildet sich im Inneren der Ringkammer der Separationseinrichtung, an der ersten Abscheideöffnung eine mit Gas hoch angereicherte Phase des Pumpfluids aus. Die Entnahme des Schmierfluids, das für die Schmierung verwendet werden soll, erfolgt dabei an der dritten Abscheideöffnung, einem weiter aussen gelegenen Durchmesser der Ringkammer der Separationseinrichtung, wo sich eine Phase des Pumpfluids mit niedriger Gas- und Feststoffkonzentration, beispielsweise Sand, angesammelt hat. Eine mit Sand hoch angereicherte Phase des Pumpfluids bildet sich am äusseren Rand der Ringkammer der Separationseinrichtung aus und wird von dort über die zweite Abscheideöffnung und eine entsprechende Abscheideleitung bevorzugt zurück auf die Niederdruckseite der Pumpe abgeführt wird und nicht für die Schmierung, z.B. der Rotorwelle, verwendet.Since the constituents to be separated have different densities, a phase of the pump fluid highly enriched with gas forms at the first separation opening in the interior of the annular chamber of the separation device. The removal of the lubricating fluid that is to be used for the lubrication takes place at the third separating opening, a further outward diameter of the annular chamber of the separation device, where a phase of the pumping fluid with a low gas and solid concentration, for example sand, has accumulated. A phase of the pump fluid that is highly enriched with sand forms on the outer edge of the annular chamber of the separation device and is preferred from there via the second separation opening and a corresponding separation line is discharged back to the low pressure side of the pump and is not used for lubrication, e.g. the rotor shaft
Dabei können selbstverständlich auch die Rezirkulations- und Abscheideleitung integrale Bestandteile des Pumpengehäuses, insbesondere im Pumpengehäuse bzw. Pumpenstator verlaufende Bohrungen oder bohrungsähnliche Verbindungsöffnungen sein, oder aber die Rezirkulations- und Abscheideleitung können auch durch separate Leitungen realisiert sein, die die Abscheideöffnungen der Separationseinrichtung mit der Rezirkulationseinrichtung/-leitung und / oder der Niederdruckseite der Pumpe oder sonstigen Stellen mit niederem Druck verbinden.The recirculation and separation line can of course also be integral components of the pump housing, in particular bores running in the pump housing or pump stator or bore-like connection openings, or the recirculation and separation line can also be realized by separate lines which separate the separation openings of the separation device with the recirculation device / line and / or the low pressure side of the pump or other places with low pressure.
Damit beispielsweise das Wellendurchführung, in dem die Rotorwelle der Pumpe gelagert ist, oder der Ringspalt zwischen stationärer Buchse und drehender Wellenhülse, optimal mit der vom Inhaltsstoff gereinigten Phase des Pumpfluids zur Schmierung versorgt werden kann, ist der Ringspalt mittels einer Schmiermittelöffnung derart mit der dritten Abscheideöffnung der Separationseinrichtung strömungsverbunden, dass das von dem Inhaltsstoff zumindest teilweise befreite Schmierfluid dem Ringspalt zur Schmierung der Wellendurchführung über die Schmiermittelöffnung zuführbar ist.So that, for example, the shaft bushing in which the rotor shaft of the pump is mounted, or the annular gap between the stationary bush and the rotating shaft sleeve, can be optimally supplied with the phase of the pump fluid for lubrication that has been cleaned of the ingredient, the annular gap is provided with the third separation opening by means of a lubricant opening flow-connected to the separation device such that the lubricant fluid at least partially freed from the ingredient can be supplied to the annular gap for lubricating the shaft bushing via the lubricant opening.
In einer speziellen Ausführungsvariante kann eine zusätzliche Schmiermittelleitung derart vorgesehen sein, dass eine vorgebbare Menge an Schmierfluid von der Separationseinrichtung abführbar ist, insbesondere zur Speisung einer weiteren Schmierstelle der Pumpe verwendet werden kann. Dabei kann selbstverständlich auch die Schmiermittelleitung im Speziellen ein integraler Bestandteil des Pumpengehäuse, insbesondere eine im Pumpengehäuse bzw. Pumpenstator verlaufende Bohrung oder bohrungsähnliche Verbindungsöffnung sein, oder aber die Schmiermittelleitung kann auch durch eine separate Leitung realisiert sein, die die Separationseinrichtung der Separationskammer mit der weiteren Schmierstelle in der Pumpe verbindet.In a special embodiment variant, an additional lubricant line can be provided such that a predeterminable amount of lubricating fluid can be removed from the separation device, in particular can be used to feed a further lubrication point of the pump. Of course, the lubricant line in particular can also be an integral part of the pump housing, in particular a bore running in the pump housing or pump stator, or a bore-like connection opening, or the lubricant line can also be realized by a separate line which connects the separation device of the separation chamber with the further lubrication point connects in the pump.
Je nach Anwendung und Ausführungsbeispiel kann die Separationseinrichtung entweder lösbar mit der Rotorwelle verbunden sein, wobei die Separationseinrichtung insbesondere als eine mit der Rotorwelle verschraubbare Separationsscheibe ausgestaltet sein kann. Dabei ist es selbstverständlich auch möglich, dass die Separationseinrichtung ein integraler Bestandteil der Rotorwelle ist, wobei die Separationseinrichtung insbesondere eine mit der Rotorwelle integral verbundene Separationsscheibe sein kann.Depending on the application and exemplary embodiment, the separation device can either be detachably connected to the rotor shaft, the separation device can in particular be designed as a separation disk which can be screwed to the rotor shaft. It is of course also possible that the separation device is an integral part of the rotor shaft, wherein the separation device can in particular be a separation disk integrally connected to the rotor shaft.
Die Erfindung betrifft weiter eine Rezirkulationseinrichtung für eine erfindungsgemässe Pumpe.The invention further relates to a recirculation device for a pump according to the invention.
Im Folgenden wird die Erfindung an Hand der Zeichnung näher erläutert. Es zeigen in schematischer Darstellung:
- Fig. 1
- den Stand der Technik am Beispiel einer Pumpe mit Separationsscheibe;
- Fig. 2
- ein Ausführungsbeispiel einer erfindungsgemässe Pumpe mit Rezirkulationseinrichtung;
- Fig. 3
- eine detaillierte Darstellung eines Ausführungsbeispiels einer erfindungsgemässe Pumpe mit Rezirkulationseinrichtung;
- Fig. 1
- the state of the art using the example of a pump with a separation disk;
- Fig. 2
- an embodiment of a pump according to the invention with recirculation device;
- Fig. 3
- a detailed representation of an embodiment of an inventive pump with recirculation device;
Für die folgende Beschreibung der Figuren gilt, dass alle Bezugzeichen, die sich in den Beispielen auf Merkmale aus dem Stand der Technik beziehen mit Hochkomma versehen sind und alle Bezugzeichen, die sich auf Merkmale erfindungsgemässer Ausführungsbeispiele beziehen ohne Hochkomma gekennzeichnet sind.For the following description of the figures, it applies that all reference symbols which relate to features from the prior art in the examples are provided with single quotes and all reference symbols which relate to features of exemplary embodiments according to the invention are identified without single quotes.
Wie in
Die Separationsscheibe der
Damit das Schmierfluid 200' zur Schmierung der Rotorwelle 5' in der Wellendurchführung 6' bereitgestellt werden kann, ist der Ringspalt 21' mittels einer Schmiermittelöffnung 22' derart mit der Separationseinrichtung 7' strömungsverbunden, dass das vom Sand zumindest teilweise befreite Schmierfluid 200' dem Ringspalt 21' zur Schmierung der Wellendurchführung 6' über die Schmiermittelöffnung 22' zuführbar ist.So that the lubricating fluid 200 'for lubricating the rotor shaft 5' can be provided in the shaft bushing 6 ', the annular gap 21' is connected to the separating device 7 'by means of a lubricant opening 22' in such a way that the lubricating fluid 200 'at least partially freed from the sand contacts the annular gap 21 'for lubricating the shaft bushing 6' via the lubricant opening 22 '.
Des weiteren ist zusätzlich eine Schmiermittelleitung 10' derart vorgesehen, dass eine vorgebbare Menge an Schmierfluid 200' von der Separationsscheibe abführbar ist, insbesondere zur Speisung von weiteren Schmierstelle der Pumpe 1', welche zusätzlichen Schmiermittelstellen aus Gründen der Übersichtlichkeit nicht explizit dargestellten sind. Dabei wird das über die Schmiermittelleitung 10' abgezweigte Schmierfluid 200' zur Schmierung weiterer Anlagenteile verwendet wird, die ausserhalb der Pumpe 1' liegen bzw. nicht Teil der Pumpe 1' sind.Furthermore, a lubricant line 10 'is additionally provided such that a predeterminable amount of lubricating fluid 200' can be removed from the separation disk, in particular for supplying further lubrication points of the pump 1 ', which additional lubricant points are not explicitly shown for reasons of clarity. The lubricating fluid 200 'branched off via the lubricant line 10' is used for the lubrication of further system parts which are outside the pump 1 'or are not part of the pump 1'.
Wie bereits erwähnt, ist die Separationseinrichtung 7', also hier die Separationsscheibe, lösbar mit der Rotorwelle 5' verbunden, allerdings ist es auch möglich, dass die Separationseinrichtung 7' ein integraler Bestandteil der Rotorwelle 5' ist, und die Separationseinrichtung 7' insbesondere eine mit der Rotorwelle 5' integral verbundene Separationsscheibe ist.As already mentioned, the separation device 7 ', that is to say the separation disk here, is detachably connected to the rotor shaft 5', but it is also possible for the separation device 7 'to be an integral part of the rotor shaft 5', and the separation device 7 'in particular to be one is integrally connected to the rotor shaft 5 'separation disc.
Die erfindungsgemässe Pumpe dient ganz allgemein und insbesondere im speziellen Ausführungsbeispiel der
Wie in
Ausserdem umfasst die in
Die mit der Rotorwelle 5 um die Drehachse A mitrotierende Separationseinrichtung 7 bzw. die Separationsscheibe umfasst im Detail eine Ringkammer, an welcher Ringkammer zur Abscheidung des Inhaltsstoffs eine bevorzugt tangential ausgerichtete Abscheideöffnung vorgesehen ist. Im vorliegenden besonders bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiel umfasst die Separationseinrichtung 7 bzw. Separationsscheibe zur Abscheidung des Gases 201 eine erste Abscheideöffnung 71 und / oder zur Abscheidung eines Inhaltsstoffs eine zweite Abscheideöffnung 72 und / oder zur Abscheidung des Schmierfluids eine dritte Abscheideöffnung 73.The separation device 7 or the separation disk, which also rotates with the
Damit das separierte Gas 201 in die Rezirkulationseinrichtung 8 und / oder Rezirkulationsleitung 82 abgeschieden wird, ist die erste Abscheideöffnung 71 zur Abscheidung des Gases 201 mit der Rezirkulationseinrichtung 8 und / oder Rezirkulationsleitung 82 strömungsverbunden. Zur Rezirkulation des Gases 201 ist Rezirkulationseinrichtung 8 mittels die Rezirkulationsleitung 82 mit der Hochdruckseite HP der Pumpe und / oder einer Gassenke strömungsverbunden. Die Mittel zur Druckerhöhung 83 werden dabei benötigt, um einen Druck in der Rezirkulationsleitung 82 zu erzeugen, der höher als auf der Hochdruckseite HP der Pumpe und / oder der Gassenke ist, sodass das Gas 201 von der Rezirkulationseinrichtung 8 auf die Hochdruckseite HP der Pumpe und / oder die Gassenke beförderbar ist. Wie bereits erwähnt, ist die Rezirkulationseinrichtung 8 als integraler Bestandteil im Pumpenstator 3 ausgebildet, allerdings ist es auch möglich, dass die Rezirkulationseinrichtung 8 eine externe, lösbar mit der Pumpe verbundene Rezirkulationseinrichtung 8 ist.So that the separated
Damit das Schmierfluid 200 zur Schmierung bereitgestellt werden kann, ist der Ringspalt 21 mittels einer Schmiermittelöffnung 22 derart mit der dritten Abscheideöffnung 73 der Separationseinrichtung 7 strömungsverbunden, dass das von dem Inhaltsstoff zumindest teilweise befreite Schmierfluid 200 dem Ringspalt 21 zur Schmierung der Wellendurchführung 6 über die Schmiermittelöffnung 22 zuführbar ist.So that the lubricating
Des weiteren ist zusätzlich eine Schmiermittelleitung derart vorgesehen, dass eine vorgebbare Menge an Schmierfluid 200 von der Separationsscheibe abführbar ist, insbesondere zur Speisung von weiteren Schmierstelle der Pumpe 1, welche zusätzlichen Schmiermittelstellen aus Gründen der Übersichtlichkeit nicht explizit dargestellten sind. Dabei wird das über die Schmiermittelleitung abgezweigte Schmierfluid 200 zur Schmierung weiterer Anlagenteile verwendet wird, die ausserhalb der Pumpe 1 liegen bzw. nicht Teil der Pumpe 1 sind.Furthermore, a lubricant line is additionally provided such that a predeterminable amount of lubricating fluid 200 can be removed from the separation disk, in particular for supplying additional lubrication points of the pump 1, which additional lubricant points are not explicitly shown for reasons of clarity. In this case, the lubricating
Die zweite Abscheideöffnung 72 ist zum Abführen separierten Inhaltsstoffes, also im vorliegenden Beispiel zum Abführen des im Erdöl angereicherten Sandes, über eine Abscheideleitung 721 mit der Niederdruckseite LP der Pumpe 1 verbunden ist. Der Sand hat dabei eine höhere Dichte als das Schmierfluid 200 das zur Schmierung der Rotorwelle 5 verwendet wird.The second separating opening 72 is connected to the low-pressure side LP of the pump 1 via a
Die Abscheideleitung 721 ist als integraler Bestandteil in der Wellendurchführung 6 oder dem Pumpenstator 3 ausgebildet, kann jedoch auch als separate zusätzliche Abscheideleitung 721 zum Beispiel aussen am Gehäuse der Pumpe geführt sein.The
Als vorteilhafte Massnahme ist eine zweite Drosselstelle 74 vorgesehen, die der Erhöhung des Widerstandes dient, um ein direktes Abfliessen des Pumpfluids 2 zu vermeiden.As an advantageous measure, a
Es versteht sich, dass in allen in den Figuren lediglich exemplarisch dargestellten Ausführungsbeispielen der Erfindung nur beispielhaft bzw. exemplarisch zu verstehen sind und die Erfindung insbesondere, aber nicht nur, alle geeigneten Kombinationen der beschriebenen Ausführungsbeispiele umfasst.It goes without saying that in all of the exemplary embodiments of the invention shown only by way of example in the figures, only exemplary or exemplary are to be understood and that the invention includes in particular, but not only, all suitable combinations of the described exemplary embodiments.
Claims (15)
- A pump for conveying a pump fluid (2) in the form of a multiphase mixture, wherein the pump fluid (2) provided at an input pressure at a low-pressure side (LP) of the pump can be conveyed to a high-pressure side (HP) of the pump by means of a pump rotor (4) rotatably supported about an axis of rotation (A) in a pump stator (3) in the operating state and a rotor shaft (5) is arranged in a shaft lead-through (6) such that a lubricating film of a lubricating fluid (200) formed from the pump fluid (2) can be formed in a ring gap (21) between the rotor shaft (5) and the shaft lead-through (6); characterized in that a separation device (7) is provided at the rotor shaft (5), which rotates in conjunction with the rotor shaft and by which a pre-definable quantity of an ingredient can be separated from the pump fluid (2) by means of a centrifugal force for providing the lubricating fluid (200) at the ring gap (21) in the operating state, and a recirculation device (8) is provided so that a gas (201) can be recirculated with the aid of the separation device (7).
- A pump in accordance with claim 1, wherein the shaft lead-through (6) forms a shaft bearing and a stationary bushing (9) includes a rotating shaft sleeve (10).
- A pump in accordance with claims 1 or 2, wherein the shaft lead-through (6) forms a constriction point.
- A pump in accordance with any of the previous claims, wherein the ring gap (21) can be formed between the stationary bushing (9) and the rotating shaft sleeve (10).
- A pump in accordance with any of the previous claims, wherein the recirculation device (8) includes a feed line (81), a recirculation line (82) and a means to increase pressure (83), in particular a conveying screw and/or a grooved line.
- A pump in accordance with claim 5, wherein the recirculation device (8) is flow-connected to the high-pressure side (HP) of the pump by means of the feed line (81) for supplying the pump fluid (2) so that the pump fluid (2) flows from the high-pressure side (HP) of the pump to the recirculation device (8) in the operating state.
- A pump in accordance with any of the previous claims, wherein the separation device (7) co-rotating with the rotor shaft (5) about the axis of rotation (A) includes a ring chamber, at which ring chamber a separation opening is provided, which is preferably aligned tangentially, for separating the ingredient.
- A pump in accordance with any of the previous claims, wherein the separation device (7) includes a first separation opening (71) for separating the gas (201) and/or a second separation opening (72) for separating an ingredient and/or a third separation opening (73) for separating the lubricating fluid.
- A pump in accordance with claim 8, wherein the first separation opening (71) for separating the gas (201) is flow-connected to the recirculation device (8), specifically to the recirculation line (82).
- A pump in accordance with claims 5 to 9, wherein the recirculation device (8) is flow-connected to the high-pressure side (HP) of the pump and/or to a gas sink by means of the recirculation line (82) for recirculating the gas (201).
- A pump in accordance with claims 5 to 10, wherein the recirculation line (82) is designed such that a pressure in the recirculation line (82) is higher than on the high-pressure side (HP) of the pump and/or of the gas sink by means of the means to increase pressure (83) and the gas (201) can be conveyed by the recirculation device (8) to the high-pressure side (HP) of the pump and/or to the gas sink.
- A pump in accordance with any of the previous claims, wherein the recirculation device (8) is formed as an integral component in the pump stator (3).
- A pump in accordance with claims 8 to 12, wherein the second separation opening (72) is flow-connected to the low-pressure side of the pump (LP) by means of a separation line (721) for leading off the ingredient and/or the ring gap (21) is flow-connected to the third separation opening (73) of the separation device (7) by means of a lubricant opening (22) such that the lubricating fluid (200) at least partly liberated from the ingredient can be supplied to the ring gap (21) via the lubricant opening (22) for lubricating the shaft lead-through.
- A pump in accordance with any of the previous claims, wherein a lubricant line is provided such that a pre-definable quantity of lubricating fluid (200) can be led off from the separation device (7), in particular for feeding a further lubricating point of the pump (1).
- A recirculation device (8) for a pump (1) in accordance with claims 1 to 14.
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP12176181.1A EP2626563B1 (en) | 2012-02-10 | 2012-07-12 | Pump, recirculating device for a pump and rotor shaft for a pump |
BR102013003795-8A BR102013003795B1 (en) | 2012-02-10 | 2013-02-08 | PUMP AND RECIRCULATION ASSEMBLY FOR A PUMP |
US13/763,554 US9683575B2 (en) | 2012-02-10 | 2013-02-08 | Pump as well as a recirculation device for a pump |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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EP12154903 | 2012-02-10 | ||
EP12176181.1A EP2626563B1 (en) | 2012-02-10 | 2012-07-12 | Pump, recirculating device for a pump and rotor shaft for a pump |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP2626563A2 EP2626563A2 (en) | 2013-08-14 |
EP2626563A3 EP2626563A3 (en) | 2018-03-21 |
EP2626563B1 true EP2626563B1 (en) | 2020-06-03 |
Family
ID=46506266
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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EP12176181.1A Active EP2626563B1 (en) | 2012-02-10 | 2012-07-12 | Pump, recirculating device for a pump and rotor shaft for a pump |
EP13151407.7A Active EP2626564B1 (en) | 2012-02-10 | 2013-01-16 | Pump, separation device for a pump, and a rotor shaft for a pump |
Family Applications After (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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EP13151407.7A Active EP2626564B1 (en) | 2012-02-10 | 2013-01-16 | Pump, separation device for a pump, and a rotor shaft for a pump |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
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US (2) | US9683575B2 (en) |
EP (2) | EP2626563B1 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2796733T3 (en) |
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CA2894739A1 (en) * | 2012-09-12 | 2014-03-20 | Fmc Technologies, Inc. | Subsea multiphase pump or compressor with magnetic coupling and cooling or lubrication by liquid or gas extracted from process fluid |
BR112015011075B1 (en) * | 2012-12-20 | 2021-04-20 | Sulzer Management Ag | multistage pump for pumping a multistage mix and process for operating a multistage pump |
RU2716348C2 (en) * | 2018-07-23 | 2020-03-11 | Акционерное общество "Гидрогаз" (АО "Гидрогаз") | Semi-submerged pump with shafting line on plain bearings |
US11666680B2 (en) * | 2018-08-28 | 2023-06-06 | Aatru Medical, LLC | Dressing |
SG10201907366PA (en) | 2018-09-17 | 2020-04-29 | Sulzer Management Ag | Multiphase pump |
NO346033B1 (en) | 2018-12-20 | 2022-01-10 | Fsubsea As | Subsea pump system with process lubricated bearings, related method and use |
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- 2013-01-16 EP EP13151407.7A patent/EP2626564B1/en active Active
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Publication number | Publication date |
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US10082149B2 (en) | 2018-09-25 |
BR102013003215A2 (en) | 2015-07-14 |
US20130315709A1 (en) | 2013-11-28 |
BR102013003795A2 (en) | 2015-06-16 |
EP2626564A1 (en) | 2013-08-14 |
EP2626563A2 (en) | 2013-08-14 |
US9683575B2 (en) | 2017-06-20 |
US20130209226A1 (en) | 2013-08-15 |
EP2626563A3 (en) | 2018-03-21 |
ES2796733T3 (en) | 2020-11-30 |
EP2626564B1 (en) | 2020-12-09 |
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