EP2625137A1 - Procédé d'obtention et d'utilisation d'un alcool et utilisation dudit alcool pour augmenter le rendement et les performances d'un moteur à combustion interne - Google Patents

Procédé d'obtention et d'utilisation d'un alcool et utilisation dudit alcool pour augmenter le rendement et les performances d'un moteur à combustion interne

Info

Publication number
EP2625137A1
EP2625137A1 EP11764202.5A EP11764202A EP2625137A1 EP 2625137 A1 EP2625137 A1 EP 2625137A1 EP 11764202 A EP11764202 A EP 11764202A EP 2625137 A1 EP2625137 A1 EP 2625137A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cooling liquid
reactor
alcohol
internal combustion
water
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP11764202.5A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Roland Meyer-Pittroff
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Silicon Fire AG
Original Assignee
Silicon Fire AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from PCT/EP2010/064948 external-priority patent/WO2012045349A1/fr
Application filed by Silicon Fire AG filed Critical Silicon Fire AG
Publication of EP2625137A1 publication Critical patent/EP2625137A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K5/00—Heat-transfer, heat-exchange or heat-storage materials, e.g. refrigerants; Materials for the production of heat or cold by chemical reactions other than by combustion
    • C09K5/02—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used
    • C09K5/04—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J19/0093—Microreactors, e.g. miniaturised or microfabricated reactors
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C29/00—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring
    • C07C29/15—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by reduction of oxides of carbon exclusively
    • C07C29/151—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by reduction of oxides of carbon exclusively with hydrogen or hydrogen-containing gases
    • C07C29/152—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by reduction of oxides of carbon exclusively with hydrogen or hydrogen-containing gases characterised by the reactor used
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D19/00—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
    • F02D19/06—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed
    • F02D19/0639—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed characterised by the type of fuels
    • F02D19/0649—Liquid fuels having different boiling temperatures, volatilities, densities, viscosities, cetane or octane numbers
    • F02D19/0652—Biofuels, e.g. plant oils
    • F02D19/0655—Biofuels, e.g. plant oils at least one fuel being an alcohol, e.g. ethanol
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D19/00—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
    • F02D19/06—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed
    • F02D19/0663—Details on the fuel supply system, e.g. tanks, valves, pipes, pumps, rails, injectors or mixers
    • F02D19/0668—Treating or cleaning means; Fuel filters
    • F02D19/0671—Means to generate or modify a fuel, e.g. reformers, electrolytic cells or membranes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M25/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture
    • F02M25/022—Adding fuel and water emulsion, water or steam
    • F02M25/0228—Adding fuel and water emulsion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M25/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture
    • F02M25/022—Adding fuel and water emulsion, water or steam
    • F02M25/025—Adding water
    • F02M25/028—Adding water into the charge intakes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M27/00—Apparatus for treating combustion-air, fuel, or fuel-air mixture, by catalysts, electric means, magnetism, rays, sound waves, or the like
    • F02M27/02—Apparatus for treating combustion-air, fuel, or fuel-air mixture, by catalysts, electric means, magnetism, rays, sound waves, or the like by catalysts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J2219/00781—Aspects relating to microreactors
    • B01J2219/00819—Materials of construction
    • B01J2219/00835—Comprising catalytically active material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J2219/00781—Aspects relating to microreactors
    • B01J2219/00851—Additional features
    • B01J2219/00869—Microreactors placed in parallel, on the same or on different supports
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J2219/00781—Aspects relating to microreactors
    • B01J2219/00851—Additional features
    • B01J2219/00871—Modular assembly
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G2300/00—Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
    • C10G2300/40—Characteristics of the process deviating from typical ways of processing
    • C10G2300/4043—Limiting CO2 emissions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G2300/00—Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
    • C10G2300/40—Characteristics of the process deviating from typical ways of processing
    • C10G2300/4068—Moveable devices or units, e.g. on trucks, barges
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B1/00—Engines characterised by fuel-air mixture compression
    • F02B1/02—Engines characterised by fuel-air mixture compression with positive ignition
    • F02B1/04—Engines characterised by fuel-air mixture compression with positive ignition with fuel-air mixture admission into cylinder
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B3/00—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition
    • F02B3/06—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition with compression ignition
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B43/00—Engines characterised by operating on gaseous fuels; Plants including such engines
    • F02B43/10—Engines or plants characterised by use of other specific gases, e.g. acetylene, oxyhydrogen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D19/00—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
    • F02D19/06—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed
    • F02D19/08—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed simultaneously using pluralities of fuels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M25/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/36—Hydrogen production from non-carbon containing sources, e.g. by water electrolysis
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P30/00—Technologies relating to oil refining and petrochemical industry
    • Y02P30/20—Technologies relating to oil refining and petrochemical industry using bio-feedstock
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P30/00—Technologies relating to oil refining and petrochemical industry
    • Y02P30/40—Ethylene production
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/30—Use of alternative fuels, e.g. biofuels

Definitions

  • the present application relates to methods for providing and inserting an alcohol. It is also about the use of alcohol to increase the efficiency and performance of a
  • Internal combustion engine such as a diesel engine.
  • Carbon dioxide C0 2 (usually called carbon dioxide) is a compound that is a compound that has a wide range of carbon dioxide.
  • Carbon dioxide is a colorless and odorless gas. It is a natural component of the air with a low concentration and is formed in living beings in cell respiration, but also in the combustion of carbonaceous substances with sufficient
  • Combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine start at a lower temperature. At (due to the thermal load) given
  • Blade strength can also be supplied with more heat at the beginning of combustion with lower temperature, which in turn leads to an increase in specific power.
  • Prior art is in almost all modern diesel engines and many gasoline engines, the pre-compression of the combustion air or the fuel-air mixture before the combustion chamber with a special compressor (also called loader or compressor) from the already mentioned Establish.
  • a special compressor also called loader or compressor
  • radial compressor which is driven by a radial exhaust gas turbine (called exhaust gas turbocharger).
  • Radial compressor and radial exhaust gas turbine are arranged on a common shaft. By this compression, the gas is heated, respectively, the charge air, polytropically and according to the prior art with a z. B. recooled by outside air cooled heat exchanger (called intercooler or intercooler) back to increase power and efficiency of the engine.
  • the intercooler causes construction costs with corresponding costs and space requirements and because of its flow resistance
  • Heat of evaporation cools the intake air or the fuel-air mixture.
  • this liquid is flammable, as is the case with a water-alcohol mixture, it takes part in the subsequent combustion process in the internal combustion engine with delivery of additional mechanical power.
  • Methanol is a particularly advantageous alcohol because it is the simplest alcohol that exists.
  • methanol has so far been produced in most cases from fossil fuels, for example from natural gas. Numerous methods and reactors for producing methanol are known. In the following, corresponding exemplary patent applications and patents are mentioned:
  • Coolant is suitable and on the other hand C0 2 -neutral and low in the production.
  • the alcohol should not with the
  • the cooling liquid should optimally be suitable for cooling the intake air or the fuel-air mixture of an internal combustion engine (for example of a car or marine engine).
  • the method comprises the following steps: - providing a gas containing carbon dioxide (C0 2 ) as a carbon source,
  • said cooling liquid is a mixture of a
  • Evaporation of the alcoholic cooling liquid is (pre-) cooled.
  • this is about heat engines with internal combustion, that is, it is about internal combustion engines that suck in air or a fuel-air mixture in gaseous form, compress and after compression this working medium heat by combustion within the working fluid.
  • internal combustion engines are gasoline and diesel engines and open gas turbines.
  • the invention is preferably applicable to gasoline engines, diesel engines and open gas turbines.
  • the invention deliberately uses carbon dioxide and hydrogen as starting materials, since the carbon dioxide can be "recycled” in this way and can serve as a carbon source
  • Intake cooling or intermediate cooling to be used is characterized by the fact that it also benefits from an environmental point of view.
  • intermediate cooling of a diesel engine a mixed operation, on the one hand diesel fuel and
  • the product of the methanol synthesis process consisting of methanol and water, can be considered and used directly as a cooling liquid here. It takes no further energy to distill the product of the synthesis process. The energy expenditure for distillation, which is typically operated to obtain pure alcohol, leads to an increase in the cost of the alcohol.
  • the directly produced alcohol-water mixture is used for intermediate cooling or suction cooling, which is provided by the catalytic synthesis of carbon dioxide and hydrogen.
  • the method differs from the prior art in that no fossil raw materials, such as methane gas, are used to produce the alcohol.
  • the process according to the invention leads the way via the catalytic synthesis of carbon dioxide and hydrogen instead of carbon monoxide and hydrogen.
  • the catalytic synthesis of carbon dioxide and hydrogen already provides a nearly ideal composition of the product as a cooling liquid, as already described.
  • the direct synthesis product of the catalytic synthesis which is referred to herein as alcohol-containing cooling liquid, is used for Ansaugkühlung or intermediate cooling.
  • H 2 - and C0 2 -containing synthesis gas is efficient and economically useful to an alcohol-containing cooling liquid, for example Methanol and / or ethanol, reacted.
  • carbon dioxide is used as carbon source
  • the carbon dioxide is reacted with the hydrogen peroxide portion in the presence of a catalyst to react these gases to a cooling liquid, preferably a water-alcohol mixture, and more preferably a methanol-water mixture.
  • C0 2 is removed from a combustion process or an oxidation process of carbon or hydrocarbons by C0 2 separation.
  • C0 2 can be provided, for example, via a pipeline or even in steel cylinders or tanks. But it can also be carbon dioxide from a vehicle, such as a ship, used.
  • the hydrogen can via a pipeline or in
  • Hydrogen however, produced locally by means of electrolysis of water.
  • the hydrogen may also be replaced by a reduction reaction of water
  • Carbon dioxide as a carbon source can be removed according to the invention also from raw natural gas, which depending on the natural gas source over 10%
  • Carbon dioxide can also from industrial processes, eg. B. lime burning or calcination to soda, come.
  • Coolant is controlled and the individual processes become like that
  • regenerative electrical energy is used to provide the cooling liquid.
  • a methanol-water mixture is preferably prepared as a storage and transportable cooling liquid. That is, the renewable energies are chemically transferred into a non-critical and relatively easy storage and transportable cooling liquid.
  • the production of the cooling liquid as a relatively simple storage and transportable mixture can shut down at any time or even
  • the procedural equipment parts for the preparation of the mixture can be relatively easily and quickly shut down or shut down or operated as a function of the grid frequency.
  • the decision - making authority is the responsibility of the
  • Preferred embodiments of the invention are based on hydrogen generation by means of electrical energy, which is regeneratively generated as far as possible, and e.g. from wind, water, geothermal and / or
  • Hydrogen e.g. produced locally by electrolysis or by the use of elemental silicon or other metals, so does not need to be stored or highly compressed or liquefied refrigerated and transported over long distances, but serves as
  • An energy conversion process in which regenerative energy is converted into electrical energy depending on the embodiment of Invention, for example, material-converting (chemical) processes, namely the intermediary provision of hydrogen and the conversion of hydrogen together with the carbon dioxide to the alcohol-containing cooling liquid, preferably a cooling liquid containing methanol.
  • material-converting (chemical) processes namely the intermediary provision of hydrogen and the conversion of hydrogen together with the carbon dioxide to the alcohol-containing cooling liquid, preferably a cooling liquid containing methanol.
  • the corresponding alcohol-water mixture can also be produced from fossil and regenerative energy using an intelligent energy mix (as described, for example, in international patent application WO2010069622A1).
  • a new, energy-technically relevant method and a corresponding use are provided according to the invention in terms of plant technology and economic requirements, together with the demand for careful use of all material, energy and economic resources.
  • a carbon dioxide gas serves as
  • a gaseous starting material which comprises carbon dioxide gas and hydrogen gas. So that this gaseous starting material is as homogeneous as possible, he is
  • an antechamber which is upstream of the reactor, evenly distributed to individual reactor tubes of the reactor.
  • the antechamber serves as a buffer or collector and prevents stratification in the incoming gas stream into the reactor.
  • the uniform distribution of the starting material at the inlet and flow through the reactor's individual reactor tubes is important.
  • the reactor of the invention is in all
  • Embodiment a plurality of bundled arranged reactor elements, wherein each of the reactor elements 2 or 3 parallel to each other
  • Reactor tubes includes. These reactor tubes are interconnected by deflecting elements and result in a total folded reactor section. This form of arrangement is particularly advantageous because it allows a small and compact design, for example, in portable applications or z. B. can be used in ships.
  • FIG. 1 shows a diagram representing the basic steps of the method according to the invention, or a corresponding Silicon-Fire plant;
  • FIG. 1 shows a side external view of a reactor which can be used in a method according to the invention; shows a highly schematic view of an overall method according to the invention;
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic view of an apparatus comprising a compressor with intermediate cooling
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic view of an apparatus comprising a compressor, a heat conversion plant, two tanks and a microreactor;
  • FIG. 1 shows a side sectional view (along the section line A-A in FIG.
  • FIG. 7A shows a plan view of the reactor of Fig. 7A
  • cooling liquid is used here for liquid mixtures which can be used directly for the intake and / or intermediate cooling. This is in particular methanol-water or ethanol-water mixtures 108, or to methanol or ethanol-containing coolant. Methanol-ethanol-water mixtures 108 may also be used in all embodiments.
  • mixture 108 is used herein because the product provided at the outlet 23 of a reactor 10 is not one hundred percent alcohol. It is rather a so-called physical mixture of methanol and water, ethanol and water, or methanol, ethanol and water.
  • the following examples refer to methanol-water mixtures 108, but may also be applied to the other mentioned mixtures 108.
  • the methanol and ethanol preferably originate from different reactors or plants and can then be brought together to form a methanol-ethanol-water mixture 108.
  • internal combustion engine 62 is used herein for internal combustion engines, i. used for gasoline engines, diesel engines and (open) gas turbines.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic block diagram of the most important building blocks / components, or method steps, of a silicon-fire installation 100 according to one of the international patent applications mentioned above.
  • This plant 100 is designed to carry out a method of providing storable and transportable alcohol-containing cooling liquid 108. The corresponding procedure is based on the following
  • Carbon dioxide 101 is provided as a carbon source.
  • DC energy El is produced here as far as possible by means of renewable energy technology and made available to the Silicon-Fire plant 100.
  • renewable energy technology particularly suitable as a renewable energy technology are solar thermal systems 300 and
  • Photovoltaic systems 400 based on solar modules. It can e.g. also water or wind power or geothermal energy can be used.
  • a water electrolysis 105 is performed using the DC electric power El to produce hydrogen 103 as an intermediate.
  • an economically and ecologically optimal combination of regenerative power supply (eg by the systems 300 and / or 400) and conventional power supply, here represented by a part of a network 500, is preferably realized.
  • This Silicon-Fire plant 100 therefore provides the regenerative electrical energy El largely directly according to their attack for chemical reactions (here the
  • Electrolysis reaction 105) to use and thus chemically bind and store. Another portion of the required energy is obtained here, for example, from the interconnected network 500. This proportion is converted into direct current (energy) E2.
  • a corresponding converter 501 is used, as indicated in Fig. 1 in a schematic form.
  • the corresponding system components or components are also referred to here as power supply system 501.
  • the currently available surplus energy portion E2 is taken from the interconnected network 500, while the other energy share (here El) as far as possible from a (plant-related) solar power plant 300 and / or 400 (and / or from a wind power plant and / or from a hydroelectric power plant and / or from a geothermal power plant).
  • This principle allows the operator of a Silicon-Fire plant 100 to include additional technical and economic parameters in the control of the plant 100. These parameters are so-called input quantities II, 12, etc., which are included in decisions by the controller 110. A part of the parameters can be specified within the controller 110 in a parameter memory 111. Another part of the parameters can come from the outside.
  • the inventive method can be performed in the system 100 so that the cooling liquid 108, which is provided on the output side, meets the desired requirements with respect to the mixing ratio and / or the C0 2 - neutrality.
  • FIG. 2 another system 700 is shown schematically, the can be used to carry out the inventive method. A part of this system 700 corresponds to the system 100 according to FIG. 1. Reference is therefore made to the preceding description of the corresponding elements. It is also in this system 700, as described, produced by a water electrolysis 105 high purity hydrogen 103, which is converted here, for example, to a methanol-water mixture 108.
  • the energy in this embodiment comes wholly or largely (preferably more than 80%) from renewable energy sources 300 and / or 400 (or from other renewable energy sources).
  • control or signal lines There may be provided a number of control or signal lines, as shown by way of example shown lines 112, 113, 114 and 115. These lines 112, 113, 114 and 115 control energy or mass flows of the plant 100 or 700.
  • controller 110 so-called software-based decision-making processes are implemented.
  • a processor of the controller 110 executes control software and makes decisions in consideration of parameters. These decisions are translated into switching or control commands, for example, via control or control
  • Signal lines 112, 113, 114, 115 cause the control of energy and mass flows.
  • the process in the plant 100 can be performed so that the cooling liquid 108, which is provided on the output side, the desired requirements with respect to
  • carbon dioxide 101 is gaseous
  • Carbon supplier used as indicated in Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and Fig. 4 schematically.
  • the carbon dioxide 101 is from a
  • Fig. 4 shows in schematic form that the C0 2 from the exhaust gases of a vehicle, for example from a ship 60, which is anchored in the harbor and whose aggregates run, can come. Furthermore, 700 shown in the plant shown in Fig. 2 electrical DC power El (the same is also true for the system in Fig. 4).
  • the DC energy E1 is preferably generated largely regeneratively (eg by one of the plants 300 and / or 400 in FIG.
  • DC energy E1 is used in the illustrated plant 700 to perform a water electrolysis to produce hydrogen 103 as an intermediate.
  • the electrolysis plant, or the carrying out of such an electrolysis is identified in FIG. 1, FIG. 2 and FIG. 4 by the reference symbol 105.
  • the carbon dioxide 101 is combined with the hydrogen 103.
  • the corresponding gas is referred to herein as the starting material AS.
  • the starting material AS is brought to the reaction (methanol synthesis in a reactor 10, as shown for example in Fig. 3) to the gaseous (intermediate) products 101, 103 z. B. to a methanol-water mixture 108 implement.
  • the reaction is carried out in the reactor 10.
  • the removal respectively the provision of the methanol-water mixture 108, in FIG. 1, FIG. 2 and FIG. 1
  • the required (electrical) energy El for this reaction of 286.02 kJ / mol corresponds to 143010 kJ per kg of H 2 .
  • the reactor 10 comprises a fluid space 14 (see, e.g., Fig. 3 or 7A), i. the reactor 10 is surrounded by a reactor jacket and cooled by a fluid (preferably water).
  • a fluid preferably water
  • Typical synthesis conditions in the synthesis reactor 10 are about 50 to 80 bar and about 270 ° C.
  • the heat of reaction may e.g. to others
  • the methanol-water synthesis is carried out according to the invention using a catalyst 60 to keep reaction temperature, reaction pressure and reaction time compared to other methods low and to ensure that the reaction product is a liquid methanol-water mixture 108th arises, which is suitable as a cooling liquid.
  • the Silicon-Fire plant 700 is near a C0 2 source (eg, a ship 60, as shown in Fig. 4), liquefaction of C0 2 for transport may be eliminated. Otherwise, it is relatively easy according to the prior art to liquefy the C0 2 and also over large
  • Fig. 2 is indicated by the dashed arrow 112, which starts from the controller 110 that the controller 110 controls the energy flow El.
  • the arrow 112 represents a control or signal line.
  • Other possible control or signal lines 113, 114 are also shown.
  • the control or signal line 113 controls the amount of CO 2 available for the reaction 106. If, for example, less hydrogen 103 is produced, then proportionally less C0 2 must also be supplied.
  • the optional control or signal line 114 may regulate, for example, the amount of H 2 . Such a regulation makes sense if there is a hydrogen buffer, which can be taken from hydrogen 103, even if no at the moment
  • Hydrogen or less hydrogen is produced by electrolysis 105 (or by the use of elemental silicon or metal).
  • the methanol-water mixture 108 is, as already described, synthesized using a starting material AS, the C0 2 gas 101 and hydrogen gas 103 contains.
  • the corresponding reactor 10 comprises a
  • Reactor element or preferably a plurality of mutually parallel reactor elements 15. m, as described below.
  • Product outlet 23 as shown by way of example in FIGS. 3, 7A, 7B, 7C and 8.
  • PCT / EP2010 / 064948 filed Oct. 6, 2010, for the synthesis of Methanol 108 can also be transferred to the synthesis of other liquid hydrocarbons.
  • FIGS. 7A to 7C Details of a particularly preferred embodiment according to the international patent application PCT / EP2010 / 064948 are shown in FIGS. 7A to 7C.
  • the reactor 10 was specially developed and optimized according to the task.
  • the reactor 10 here comprises a bundle of (e.g.
  • Reaktorröhren 20.1, 20.2 and 20.3 see Fig. 7A.
  • n 3 reactor tubes 20.1, 20.2 and 20.3 per reactor element 15.
  • m always two deflecting elements 30.1 and 30.2 (here two 180-degree deflectors), there results a constellation in which the gas inlet 21 for the
  • Starting material AS is located at the upper end of the reactor 10 (as shown in Figs. 7A, 7C and 8) and the product outlet 23 at the lower end of the reactor 10 (as shown in Figs. 7A, 7B and 7C).
  • the reactor 10 preferably comprises a fluid space 14, which here has a cylindrical shape.
  • the fluid space 14 surrounds the entire bundle of reactor elements 15. m, with only the upper and lower ends of the
  • Reactor elements 15m protrude out of fluid space 14 (as shown in Figs. 7A, 7B, 7C and 8).
  • First and second filling openings 24.1, 24.2 and the inlet-side gas inlets 21 and the outlet-side product outlets 23 are located outside the fluid space 14.
  • the fluid space 14 serves in a preferred operation of the reactor 10 to an isothermal environment create.
  • a fluid eg water or gas
  • a fluid discharge 17 is provided on the fluid space 14 to remove the fluid.
  • Emptying openings 25.1, 25.2 are preferably also located outside the fluid space 14.
  • Reactor elements are 15 m. This gives room for placing a common input header or manifold 11.1, 11.2 (e.g., in the form of a loop as shown in Figure 8) on one side and for placing the product outlet (s) 23 on the other side.
  • a common input header or manifold 11.1, 11.2 e.g., in the form of a loop as shown in Figure 8
  • the reactor 10 preferably comprises two upper input collectors or distributors 11.1, 11.2 in the form of an inner ring line 11.2 and an outer ring line 11.1, as shown in FIG.
  • the outer upper ring pipe 11.1 has a radius which is chosen so that the gas inlets 21 of the outer bundle can all be uniformly fed from the outer upper ring pipe 11.1 with the starting material AS.
  • At the first upper ring line 11.1 may preferably be provided a first supply line 12.1.
  • the inner upper ring pipe 11.2 has a radius which is chosen such that the gas inlets 21 of the inner bundle can all be uniformly charged by the inner upper ring pipe 11.2 with the starting material AS.
  • On the inner upper ring pipe 11.2 may preferably be provided a second supply line 12.2.
  • all supply lines 21 of the inner 8 reactor elements 15. M and the outer 12 reactor elements 15. M can also be charged by a common loop which serves as a collector or distributor. But it can also all inner reactor elements 15 m and outer reactor elements 15 m in all embodiments by a common vestibule (not shown in the figures), which serves as a buffer for
  • Fig. 7B the top view of the reactor 10 is shown.
  • the gas inlets 21 of the outer bundle facing radially outward. They all end at a common first radius.
  • the gas inlets 21 of the inner bundle face obliquely outwards and all end at a common second radius, which is smaller than the first radius. This type of alignment and arrangement of the gas inlets 21 allows two loops
  • the first upper ring pipe 11.1 has a radius corresponding to the first radius so that the gas inlets 21 of the outer bundle can all be uniformly fed from the first upper ring pipe 11.1 with the starting material AS.
  • At the first upper ring line 11.1 may preferably be provided a first supply line 12.1.
  • a second upper ring pipe 11.2 has a radius which corresponds to the second radius so that the gas inlets 21 of the inner bundle can all be fed uniformly from the second upper ring pipe 11.2 with the starting material AS.
  • At the second upper ring line 11.2 may preferably be provided a second supply line 12.2.
  • 24.2 are preferably freely accessible from above to allow easy loading with catalyst and / or venting and / or purging (e.g., with inert gas).
  • the reactor 10 is shown from the outside.
  • the reference numerals are the same as in the other figures.
  • the fluid space 14 here has an envelope diameter D (as well as in Fig. 3), the z. B. may be about 1 m.
  • the height H of the fluid space 14 is here for example about 2.2 m. This allows reactor elements 15. M to be accommodated in the fluid space 14, one each
  • Total reaction distance of about 5.7 m have.
  • Reactor tubes 20.1, 20.2 and 20.3 includes.
  • the starting material AS is passed through, respectively
  • methanol concentration of the reaction fluid On the input side of the reactor 10 is located the methanol concentration of the reaction fluid at zero and the concentration of the gaseous starting material AS at about 100%. Towards the outlet side of the reactor 10, the corresponding concentrations shift in opposite directions until at the outlet (at the product outlet 23) a methanol-containing mixture 108 having a given methanol concentration (preferably a methanol-water mixture in the ratio 1: 2) is formed.
  • the reactor 10 provides as crude methanol about 64% by weight (69.2% by volume) of methanol and 36% by weight (30.8% by volume) of water.
  • the cooling liquid 108 should particularly preferably contain between 5 and 50% by weight of methanol and the remainder water. Especially suitable is a cooling liquid 108 with about 10 to 15% by mass of methanol in order to keep the costs of the cooling liquid 108 and the load of the heat engine 62 low.
  • the reactor 10 or the reactor elements 15 m of the reactor 10 comprise in all embodiments a catalyst for the synthesis of the methanol-water mixture 108.
  • a control of the reactor 10 is employed which initially applies warm fluid to the fluid space 14 during "start up" of the reactor 10 to initiate the synthesis reaction Dissipate heat of reaction, which arises in the exothermic synthesis, and so to create an isothermal environment.
  • the fluid space 14 is designed so that at least the reaction sections of the reactor 10 filled with the catalyst are in the isothermal environment.
  • Fig. 3 the reactor 10 is shown from the outside.
  • the starting material AS preheated and / or with increased pressure Feed lines introduced into the reactor 10.
  • the pressure and the temperature depend on the type of catalyst.
  • the temperature is in the range between 100 and 350 ° C.
  • the pressure is typically between 10 and 150 bar. Therefore, it can also be said that the starting material AS is preferably pressed through the reactor 10 in all embodiments under the specification of an input-side pressure of between 10 and 150 bar.
  • the reactor 10 is particularly suitable for the synthesis of a
  • regenerative electric energy El is maximally utilized to produce the "regenerative” methanol-water mixture 108 according to reactions 1 and 2, and the optional fraction of "fossil” generated methanol becomes, according to economic and environmental objectives and constraints, up to the possible
  • the "regenerative" methanol-water mixture 108 and the "fossil” methanol-water mixture can be obtained separately in different reactors and can either be dispensed separately or after the seizure and if necessary Intermediate storage can be mixed in any proportions, so that z.
  • the Silicon-Fire plant 100 pure "regenerative” methanol-water mixture 108 and pure “fossil” methanol-water mixture can deliver, but also any mixtures of both, for. B. as a regenerative coolant for the intake or
  • C0 2 101 serves as starting material
  • C0 2 sources are preferably: steam reforming plants, C0 2 - deposition plants for raw gas, lime kilns, calcination plants for soda, fermentation plants for bioethanol, seawater desalination plants, large combustion plants for fossil fuels (eg power plant firing),
  • Heat engines 62 or combustion processes that emit relatively large amounts of C0 2 are known in the art.
  • copper-based catalysts for example CuO catalysts
  • zinc oxide catalysts for example ZnO catalysts
  • chromium oxide-zinc oxide catalysts All other known catalysts are suitable for use in a reactor 10. Particularly suitable are fixed bed catalysts or fluid bed catalysts.
  • the catalyst may also comprise a suitable carrier (eg carbon, silicate, aluminum (eg Al 2 O 3 ) or ceramic).
  • Metallic catalysts can also be used an organic catalyst.
  • the catalyst preferably has a grain, ball or particle size between 1 and 10 mm in all embodiments. Particularly preferred is a grain, ball or particle size between 3 and 8 mm.
  • Carbon dioxide as a carbon source can be removed according to the invention also from the raw gas, which may have more than 10% carbon dioxide content depending on the natural gas source.
  • After conveying the crude gas is already typically a gas separation (by means of
  • the C0 2 which is present in substantially pure form, can be used as the carbon source 101.
  • the regenerative or regenerative and fossil methanol-water mixture 108 is used as a cooling liquid for suction or intermediate cooling, as indicated for example in Fig. 5.
  • the methanol-water mixture 108 is particularly suitable for use as an active cooling fluid in an accessory 65 (compressor) of an internal combustion engine 62, e.g. in an intercooler 65 of a vehicle 60.
  • the term "active coolant" is intended to indicate that the alcohol component in the internal combustion engine 62 is also combusting.
  • the compressor 65 is included as part of
  • Contemplate internal combustion engine 62 Contemplate internal combustion engine 62.
  • storable and transportable alcoholic coolant 108 thus comprises the following steps: - Providing (step 104 in Fig. 1, 2) of a gas with carbon dioxide portion (C0 2 ) 101 as a carbon source.
  • the provision can be made, for example, by direct or indirect removal via a connection 52 (see FIG. 4).
  • the hydrogen portion 103 is preferably, as described, produced electrolytically from water (H 2 0).
  • Catalyst is equipped. In this step, in a catalytic reaction
  • Synthesis method synthesizes the alcohol-containing cooling liquid.
  • alcohol-containing cooling fluid 108 is a mixture of an alcohol portion (eg, methanol and / or ethanol) and a water portion.
  • Internal combustion engine 62 (e.g., in an internal combustion engine), which is charged with air or fuel-air mixture, wherein the alcoholic
  • Cooling liquid 108 is used to cool by evaporation of the alcohol-containing cooling liquid 108, the air or the fuel-air mixture.
  • the fuel may be a diesel fuel, a diesel-like fuel (e.g., bio-diesel), an Otto fuel
  • Hydrocarbon gas or a specialty fuel eg kerosene
  • cooling liquid 108 Introducing / injecting the cooling liquid 108 into the air or the fuel-air mixture, whereby the cooling liquid 108 evaporates and cools the air or the fuel-air mixture according to their heat of vaporization. Since the cooling liquid 108 is combustible, it takes on the following Combustion process in the heat conversion system 64 with appropriate delivery of mechanical power and / or heat part.
  • the cooling liquid is therefore also referred to here as active cooling liquid. It is also possible for diesel engines a corresponding part of the primary fuel in the form of otherwise insufficient
  • Methanol-water mixtures 108 are because of their relatively high
  • Air temperature before compressor 31.0 ° C
  • Air temperature after compressor and before recooling 117.0 ° C
  • Air temperature after re-cooling 40.0 ° C
  • the internal combustion engine 62 would thus with recooling (intermediate cooling) of the charge air to 77 K with methanol about half of the Kraftergieerg ie diesel fuel supplied as a primary fuel, which - as usual in the diesel process - according to the "injection law" in
  • Combustion chamber by the piston movement burns at about constant pressure, while the other half of the fuel energy is supplied via methanol, which - premixed in the intercooler 65 with the
  • Combustion air - is ignited at the moment of the first ignition of injected diesel fuel and explosively burns with a correspondingly steep pressure rise in the combustion chamber 62 of the internal combustion engine and mechanical and thermal stress on the engine components.
  • liquid 108 comprises, in addition to methanol, half to two-thirds of water, ie a mixture 108 which has been prepared in the manner described is used.
  • a mixture 108 which has been prepared in the manner described is used.
  • the above-mentioned regenerative energy content of 5.75% can also be achieved in charged standard gasoline and diesel engines with intercooler by additional injection of a methanol-water mixture 108 after the charge air cooler and thereby additional cooling of the charge air.
  • the mixture 108 provided at the exit end 23 of the reactor 10 preferably comprises methanol as the alcohol portion.
  • Mixing ratio of methanol to water is preferably in all embodiments between 5 mass% to 95 mass% and 50 mass% to 50 mass%. Thus, particularly good results are achieved in the intermediate cooling. [000128]
  • the mixing ratio of methanol to water comprises
  • Very particularly suitable is a mixing ratio of methanol to water between 10 and 15% by mass of methanol and between 90 and 85% by mass of water.
  • the water content of the mixture 108 used must be higher than the water content of the mixture 108 provided at the exit end 23 of the reactor 10 in an integrated process, the water content of the mixture 108 may be increased by adding additional water Water be subsequently increased.
  • the cooling liquid 108 comprises an alcohol content
  • this alcohol fraction participates in the combustion in the internal combustion engine 62 when the cooling liquid 108 is introduced into the charge air or the fuel-air mixture of the internal combustion engine 62. That is, the alcohol content of the cooling liquid 108 participates in the combustion in the internal combustion engine 62 together with the primary fuel.
  • the amount of the cooling liquid 108 that is used is regulated as needed.
  • the cooling liquid 108 is at all
  • Embodiments in an intermediate step in a (second) tank 61 of a Vehicle 60 stored and removed as needed from the tank 61 of the vehicle 60 and the internal combustion engine 62 for intake or
  • a road or off-road vehicle eg, a bus, a truck or a special vehicle
  • the invention is particularly suitable for use in a harbor, as indicated schematically in Fig. 4.
  • a ship 60 docked at the port typically runs its generators and other aggregates to provide the ship 60 with the required power. This approach leads to very high emissions.
  • a ship 60 anchored in the harbor can be equipped with a catching device for catching C0 2 .
  • the removal of the C0 2 is schematically illustrated in Fig. 4 by the connection 52.
  • the hydrogen can be z.
  • Example be prepared via an electrolysis 105 from water, as shown in Fig. 4.
  • (Starting material AS) is synthesized in a reactor (for example in a reactor 10 according to FIG. 3) in a catalytic manner to a methanol-water mixture 108.
  • This mixture 108 may be filled into a (second) tank 61 of the vessel 60.
  • Refueling is symbolized by a fuel pump 50 and a line 51.
  • the combustion engine 62 e.g., a diesel engine of the vessel 60
  • the intermediate cooling as described, can also be used during compression in a gas turbine plant.
  • Gas turbine plant comprises in this case at least a first compressor
  • the first compressor 65 may be provided with intake air and / or intermediate cooling which is supplied with the alcohol-water mixture 108 as described.
  • the alcohol-water mixture 108 may be supplied from a secondary tank 61.
  • the inventive system for intake and intermediate cooling preferably comprises in all embodiments a secondary tank 61, a device for injecting or introducing the cooling liquid 108, and means for integrating the mentioned components in a control or regulation of the combustion power plant 62nd
  • the inventive system for intake and intermediate cooling is thus a heat transfer system, the temperature of the machine 62 supplied medium (air or fuel-air mixture) in the intake or in the compressor 65 of an internal combustion engine 62 by injecting or introducing the cooling liquid 108th reduced.
  • the cooling fluid 108 can be used in a turbo engine, compressor engine or naturally aspirated engine for intake or intermediate cooling.
  • the alcohol content of the cooling liquid 108 serves as additional fuel and
  • Oxygen carrier which is a special advantage in diesel engines, for the alcohols are not suitable as a primary fuel due to low cetane number.
  • the method is characterized in that the cooling liquid 108 can be produced in one or more reactors 10 on board a vehicle 60 and stored in a tank 61 of the vehicle 60.
  • microreactors 10 and / or microcatalysts for the synthesis of the cooling liquid 108 are preferably used.
  • These microreactors 10 and / or Microcatalysts are preferably thermally coupled to the internal combustion engine 62 (eg, the marine diesel engine) so as to transfer waste heat, if required, from the internal combustion engine 62 to the microreactors 10 and / or microcatalysts.
  • the internal combustion engine 62 eg, the marine diesel engine
  • FIG. 6 shows a schematic view of a device, the z. B. part of a vehicle 60 and in the example shown a compressor 65, a heat conversion plant 64 and a microreactor 10 includes.
  • Primary fuel eg, marine diesel fuel
  • CO 2 exhaust gases (shown here as an arrow) are introduced into a microreactor 10 by the heat conversion unit 64.
  • hydrogen gas is catalytically reacted with the C0 2 to the cooling liquid 108.
  • the hydrogen gas can be generated by supplying DC energy El.
  • the mixture 108 enters a tank 61. From there, the cooling liquid 108 is removed and z. B. before or in a compressor 65 for intake or intermediate cooling, as described, used.
  • the Ansaugkühlung and the intermediate cooling are here in an advantageous manner by the introduction of a cooling liquid (alcohol-water mixture 108) in the air or the fuel-air mixture with their
  • an alcohol-water mixture 108 is a part of the fuel z. B. of diesel engines, although such Coolant 108 otherwise for diesel engines due to lack of ignition (due to the low cetane number) is not suitable.
  • the invention results in addition to ecological effects and sustainable cost advantages.
  • the method is particularly interesting for environmentally sensitive
  • Application segments such as local public transport, logistics companies, waste management companies, agricultural and forestry machinery, airports or construction machinery in underground mining, and other areas with high sustainability requirements.
  • a corresponding compressor unit 65 can at all
  • Embodiments be equipped with a gas guide or gas line to introduce the cooling liquid 108 in the air flow or in the fuel-air mixture.
  • the intake or intermediate cooling with a methanol-water mixture 108 instead of water is particularly advantageous because it is much less dependent on the moisture content of the intake air.
  • Vehicle (e.g., ship) 60 e.g., ship 60

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Biotechnology (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé d'obtention et d'utilisation d'un liquide de refroidissement (108), renfermant de l'alcool, stockable et transportable, comprenant les étapes suivantes : obtention (52) d'un gaz contenant une fraction de dioxyde de carbone en tant que source de carbone; obtention d'une fraction d'hydrogène; obtention d'un matériau de départ (AS) contenant la fraction de dioxyde de carbone et la fraction d'hydrogène; introduction du matériau de départ (AS) dans un réacteur; passage du matériau de départ (AS) dans un espace réactionnel du réacteur rempli au moins en partie d'un catalyseur afin d'y synthétiser le liquide de refroidissement (108); obtention du liquide de refroidissement (108) à une extrémité côté sortie du réacteur, ledit liquide de refroidissement (108) étant un mélange (108) d'alcool et d'eau; utilisation du liquide de refroidissement (108) avant ou/et dans un moteur à combustion interne (62) alimenté en carburant, le liquide de refroidissement (108) étant utilisé pour refroidir l'air d'admission, l'air de compression ou/et le mélange air/carburant du moteur à combustion interne (62) par évaporation du liquide de refroidissement (108).
EP11764202.5A 2010-10-06 2011-10-04 Procédé d'obtention et d'utilisation d'un alcool et utilisation dudit alcool pour augmenter le rendement et les performances d'un moteur à combustion interne Withdrawn EP2625137A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/EP2010/064948 WO2012045349A1 (fr) 2010-10-06 2010-10-06 Procédé et installation de synthèse d'hydrocarbure
EP11152947 2011-02-01
EP11155310A EP2438982A1 (fr) 2010-10-06 2011-02-22 Procédé de préparation et d'utilisation d'un alcool et utilisation de l'alcool pour l'augmentation du degré d'action et de la puissance d'un moteur à combustion interne
PCT/EP2011/067315 WO2012045743A1 (fr) 2010-10-06 2011-10-04 Procédé d'obtention et d'utilisation d'un alcool et utilisation dudit alcool pour augmenter le rendement et les performances d'un moteur à combustion interne

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2625137A1 true EP2625137A1 (fr) 2013-08-14

Family

ID=44993411

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP11155310A Withdrawn EP2438982A1 (fr) 2010-10-06 2011-02-22 Procédé de préparation et d'utilisation d'un alcool et utilisation de l'alcool pour l'augmentation du degré d'action et de la puissance d'un moteur à combustion interne
EP11764202.5A Withdrawn EP2625137A1 (fr) 2010-10-06 2011-10-04 Procédé d'obtention et d'utilisation d'un alcool et utilisation dudit alcool pour augmenter le rendement et les performances d'un moteur à combustion interne

Family Applications Before (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP11155310A Withdrawn EP2438982A1 (fr) 2010-10-06 2011-02-22 Procédé de préparation et d'utilisation d'un alcool et utilisation de l'alcool pour l'augmentation du degré d'action et de la puissance d'un moteur à combustion interne

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US9175199B2 (fr)
EP (2) EP2438982A1 (fr)
AU (1) AU2011311658A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2012045743A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR20140138319A (ko) 2012-03-21 2014-12-03 메이만 리서치, 엘엘씨 연료로서 물 기반 혼합물을 사용하는 내연기관 및 그 동작 방법
US8869755B2 (en) 2012-03-21 2014-10-28 MayMaan Research, LLC Internal combustion engine using a water-based mixture as fuel and method for operating the same
WO2015048187A1 (fr) 2013-09-25 2015-04-02 Yehuda Shmueli Moteur à combustion interne utilisant un mélange à base d'eau en tant que combustible et son procédé de fonctionnement
US20170166503A1 (en) * 2015-12-15 2017-06-15 Swiss Liquid Future AG Ecological and economic method and apparatus for providing hydrogen-based methanol
CN107164776A (zh) * 2017-06-29 2017-09-15 赫普热力发展有限公司 一种制燃料反应系统、发电厂调峰系统及发电厂
US10302030B2 (en) * 2017-07-31 2019-05-28 Ford Global Technologies, Llc System and method for starting a diesel engine
EP3543501A1 (fr) 2018-03-20 2019-09-25 Fuelsave GmbH Système de propulsion marine et procédé de transformation correspondant
DE102020107903A1 (de) * 2020-03-23 2021-09-23 Obrist Technologies Gmbh CO2-neutraler Flüssigkraftstoff
DE102022127721A1 (de) 2022-10-20 2024-04-25 Audi Aktiengesellschaft Kraftfahrzeug mit mehreren Sensoren und einer Reinigungseinrichtung sowie Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Reinigungseinrichtung

Family Cites Families (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2639187C3 (de) * 1976-08-31 1979-04-19 Karl Dipl.-Ing. Dr. 8980 Oberstdorf Braus Verfahren zur Nutzung von Abwärme
DE3210988A1 (de) 1982-03-25 1983-09-29 Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart Verfahren zum anbau mindestens einer einzylinder-einsteckkraftstoffeinspritzpumpe an eine dieselbrennkraftmaschine und brennkraftmaschine, einsteckpumpe sowie vorrichtungen hierfuer
US4776171A (en) * 1986-11-14 1988-10-11 Perry Oceanographics, Inc. Self-contained renewable energy system
CA2053578A1 (fr) 1990-10-29 1992-04-30 Swan T. Sie Procede de production de methanol
JPH0565237A (ja) * 1991-09-10 1993-03-19 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd メタノールを媒体としたエネルギ供給方法
JP2627396B2 (ja) * 1994-03-15 1997-07-02 敬 山口 自動車用ディーゼルエンジンの水、メタノール吸入装置
US6302929B1 (en) * 1994-04-04 2001-10-16 Rudolf W. Gunnerman Aqueous fuel for internal combustion engine and method of preparing
DE19605572A1 (de) 1996-02-15 1997-08-21 Metallgesellschaft Ag Verfahren zum Erzeugen von Methanol
US6405720B1 (en) * 2000-04-03 2002-06-18 R. Kirk Collier, Jr. Natural gas powered engine
US6321145B1 (en) * 2001-01-29 2001-11-20 Delphi Technologies, Inc. Method and apparatus for a fuel cell propulsion system
CA2357527C (fr) * 2001-10-01 2009-12-01 Technology Convergence Inc. Procede de production de methanol
US7556736B2 (en) * 2004-11-26 2009-07-07 Leslie Dean Price Process and system for converting biomass materials into energy to power marine vessels
US7820725B2 (en) * 2006-09-05 2010-10-26 Velocys, Inc. Integrated microchannel synthesis and separation
DE102008049622B4 (de) 2008-09-30 2012-10-31 Lurgi Gmbh Verfahren und Anlage zur Herstellung von Methanol
EP2647596A3 (fr) 2008-12-18 2014-08-27 Silicon Fire AG Procédé et appareil pour fournir une source d'énergie en utilisant du dioxyde de carbone comme source de carbone et de l'énergie électrique

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
None *
See also references of WO2012045743A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU2011311658A1 (en) 2013-04-18
US9175199B2 (en) 2015-11-03
US20130284138A1 (en) 2013-10-31
WO2012045743A1 (fr) 2012-04-12
EP2438982A1 (fr) 2012-04-11

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP2625137A1 (fr) Procédé d'obtention et d'utilisation d'un alcool et utilisation dudit alcool pour augmenter le rendement et les performances d'un moteur à combustion interne
Thiyagarajan et al. Effect of hydrogen on compression-ignition (CI) engine fueled with vegetable oil/biodiesel from various feedstocks: A review
DE102008032253B4 (de) Selbstzündende Verbrennungskraftmaschine mit Ether-Fumigation der Verbrennungsluft für Fahrzeuge und Verfahren zur Ether-Fumigation der Verbrennungsluft in einer selbstzündenden Verbrennungsmaschine für Fahrzeuge
EP3052435B1 (fr) Procédé de stockage d'énergie électrique
DE112005000402T5 (de) Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Wasserstoffproduktion
EP3377815B1 (fr) Procédé et dispositif de réglage de la caractéristique d'allumage d'un combustible, en particulier pour diminuer les émissions d'échappement de dispositifs de combustion
CN105838455A (zh) 用于为压燃式发动机提供动力的燃料和方法
WO2011061299A1 (fr) Conversion thermochimique de matériaux carbonés, en particulier pour la production d'énergie sans émissions
DE102012204649A1 (de) Motoraggregat mit gasbetriebenen Verbrennungsmotor und Wasserstoffreformer und Verfahren zum Betreiben eines solchen Motoraggregats
EP2100869A1 (fr) Procédé de fabrication de méthanol en utilisant du dioxyde de carbone à partir de gaz d'échappement d'installations de production d'énergie à fonctionnement fossile
CN1807559A (zh) 生化燃料
EP4047199A1 (fr) Dispositif d'alimentation en carburant permettant d'alimenter en carburant et moteur à combustion interne
DE102017210324A1 (de) Energiewandlungseinrichtung zur Umwandlung elektrischer Energie in chemische Energie, Stromnetz mit einer solchen Energiewandlungseinrichtung, und Verfahren zum Betreiben einer solchen Energiewandlungseinrichtung
EP4028489B1 (fr) Dispositif et procédé comprenant deux sous-systèmes destinés à utiliser des combustibles à base de carbone dans des moteurs à combustion interne dans un fonctionnement en circuit, permettant de réutiliser le produit d'oxydation accumulé et d'entraîner un agent oxydant sur le moyen de transport
EP2892983A2 (fr) Séquestration écologique de dioxyde de carbone/augmentation de la quantité de bioénergie pouvant être obtenue à partir d'une biomasse
EP2624947B1 (fr) Procédé et installation de synthèse d'hydrocarbure
Bromberg et al. Alcohol fueled heavy duty vehicles using clean, high efficiency engines
WO2021191116A1 (fr) Combustible liquide neutre en co2
EP2348254B1 (fr) Système de ravitaillement en carburant pour un engin mobile
Bromberg et al. Heavy duty vehicles using clean, high efficiency alcohol engines
EP1887071A1 (fr) Procédé de production d'hydrocarbures synthétiques et leurs dérivés à partir de dioxide de carbone et de dihydrogène utilisés comme gaz de synthèse
DE102022128007A1 (de) Verfahren und systeme für vielstoffmotoren
EP3016924A1 (fr) Procédé et système de réacteur de synthèse de méthanol avec recyclage du gaz circulant et du gaz de purge
EP2438980A1 (fr) Procédé et dispositif de préparation et d'installation de méthanol à base d'hydrogène à des fins de dénitrification
CN204921157U (zh) 基于燃烧反应路径可调控的新概念发动机

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 20130501

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR

DAX Request for extension of the european patent (deleted)
RAP1 Party data changed (applicant data changed or rights of an application transferred)

Owner name: SILICON FIRE AG

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: EXAMINATION IS IN PROGRESS

17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 20191105

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: EXAMINATION IS IN PROGRESS

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION IS DEEMED TO BE WITHDRAWN

18D Application deemed to be withdrawn

Effective date: 20210501