EP2623616B1 - Autofrettage-Verfahren - Google Patents

Autofrettage-Verfahren Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2623616B1
EP2623616B1 EP12153851.6A EP12153851A EP2623616B1 EP 2623616 B1 EP2623616 B1 EP 2623616B1 EP 12153851 A EP12153851 A EP 12153851A EP 2623616 B1 EP2623616 B1 EP 2623616B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pressure
autofrettage
metal
treatment
outer diameter
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP12153851.6A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2623616A1 (de
Inventor
Uwe Fiedler
Walter Hersel
Stephan Rath
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
TI Automotive Heidelberg GmbH
Original Assignee
TI Automotive Heidelberg GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by TI Automotive Heidelberg GmbH filed Critical TI Automotive Heidelberg GmbH
Priority to EP12153851.6A priority Critical patent/EP2623616B1/de
Priority to PL12153851T priority patent/PL2623616T3/pl
Publication of EP2623616A1 publication Critical patent/EP2623616A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2623616B1 publication Critical patent/EP2623616B1/de
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D7/00—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation
    • C21D7/02—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation by cold working
    • C21D7/10—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation by cold working of the whole cross-section, e.g. of concrete reinforcing bars
    • C21D7/12—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation by cold working of the whole cross-section, e.g. of concrete reinforcing bars by expanding tubular bodies

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an autofrettage method for increasing the strength of metal pipes, wherein the interior of a metal pipe is subjected to a high pressure or internal pressure of at least 700 bar.
  • a metal pipe with a high pressure which is above the later operating pressure, applied.
  • the pressures used in autofrettage methods are usually in the range of several thousand bar. Due to the action of such a high pressure, the metal of the inner wall portions of the metal pipe is plasticized. This results in internal stresses in the pipe wall, which counteract the forces acting later during operation due to internal pressures.
  • the pressure is usually applied by means of a liquid or by means of a liquid of low compressibility, such as with hydraulic oils or ionic liquids.
  • a metal tube is closed at both ends and filled with the liquid. Subsequently, the pressure is built up by pumping to the respective final pressure.
  • WO 2010/018721 A1 is an autofrettage method for bent metal tubes known.
  • the applied pressure is measured as well as the outer diameter of a straight wedge of the tube.
  • the parameters of the autofrettage method should be measured accurately.
  • the applied pressure should be regulated so that no damage to the pipe is caused.
  • the degree of plasticization of the pipe wall is difficult to detect.
  • the technical problem underlying the invention is to specify an autofrettage method of the type mentioned at the outset, with which the above-described disadvantages can be avoided.
  • the invention teaches an autofrettage method for increasing the strength of metal pipes, wherein a metal tube already subjected to at least a first autofrettage treatment is subjected to at least a second autofrettage treatment and at least during the second autofrettage treatment the interior of a metal tube a high pressure or internal pressure of at least 700 bar - preferably of at least 3,000 bar - is applied, so that starting from the inner surface of the metal tube takes place a plasticization of the metal or the metal wall, wherein the pressure during the autofrettage treatment is increased, further increasing the outer diameter during the treatment d a of the tube is measured and the pressure is subsequently reduced again, and wherein by means of the measurement of the outer diameter d a of the metal tube in the second autofrettage treatment, the extent of the first autofrettage treatment or the degree of plastification of the tube wall in the first autofrettage Treatment is determined. - It is within the scope of the invention that the pressure increase is terminate
  • the metal pipes are in particular steel pipes. These steel tubes can be provided with a coating or with coatings.
  • the pressure is expediently increased from 0 to the final pressure which corresponds to the critical outer diameter d ak . It is within the scope of the invention that after reaching the final pressure of this final pressure is kept constant for a short time, for example, several tens of seconds.
  • the critical outer diameter d ak is an empirical value determined by appropriate preliminary tests.
  • the critical outer diameter d ak depends on the material of the pipe wall, on the thickness of the pipe wall and also on the original outer diameter of the pipe. Appropriately, the critical outer diameter d ak is determined in preliminary tests for a particular metal tube, in which the desired plasticization of the metal tube is achieved and in particular no damage to the metal pipe, for example, by bursting or bursting occurs.
  • the outer diameter d a of the tube or the changes in the outer diameter d a are measured or determined.
  • the measurement of the outer diameter d a takes place continuously. It is recommended that the outer diameter d a be measured by a laser interferometric method. In principle, all measuring methods which allow a measurement of changes in the outer diameter d a in the range from 0 to 50 ⁇ m are suitable for the measurement of the outer diameter d a of the metal tubes.
  • the outer diameter d a is determined by a non-contact measuring method. In principle, non-contact measuring methods can also be used.
  • a particularly preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention is characterized in that in addition to the outer diameter d a of the tube and the applied pressure or internal pressure is measured. Conveniently, a continuous measurement of the pressure takes place. According to this preferred embodiment of the invention, therefore, both the built-up pressure or changes in the pressure and the outer diameter d a or changes in the outer diameter d a are measured.
  • the dependence of the outer diameter d a on the applied pressure is determined for a specific metal tube or for a specific pipe type in preliminary tests. It can be determined in which tolerance range the ratio outer diameter d a / pressure must lie with error-free metal tubes. For further measurements on metal pipes of this type, material deviations in the pipe wall can then be detected in the event of deviations from the tolerance range. In this way, faulty pipes can be detected in a simple and inexpensive way and be removed from the production process.
  • This embodiment thus allows effective quality control during autofrettage treatment.
  • a metal tube which has already undergone at least a first autofrettage treatment is subjected to at least a second autofrettage treatment, and by measuring the outer diameter d a of the tube in the second autofrettage treatment, the extent of the first autofrettage treatment or the degree of plasticization of the autofrettage treatment Tube wall determined or controlled during the first autofrettage treatment.
  • the first autofrettage treatment may be a prior art autofrettage treatment.
  • the second autofrettage treatment it can be recognized to what extent the metal tube has already undergone an autofrettage treatment and whether the degree of plasticization has taken place as desired or desired.
  • This embodiment of the method according to the invention can thus be used to control metal pipes which have already undergone an autofrettage process. The embodiment will be explained in more detail below.
  • the pressure or internal pressure is built up in the metal tube by means of a liquid.
  • a liquid of low compressibility preferably a hydraulic fluid, for example a hydraulic oil.
  • the metal tube is closed at both ends and the build-up of the internal pressure by means of at least one pump.
  • a recommended embodiment is characterized in that the applied pressure or internal pressure is in the range between 5,000 and 8,500 bar.
  • the pressure increase or the pressure build-up via a period of 2 to 25 seconds, preferably 2 to 20 seconds and preferably 2 to 10 seconds. After reaching the final pressure, this is expediently kept constant for a short time, in particular kept constant for 3 to 40 s.
  • a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention is characterized in that the pressure or internal pressure is increased with the proviso that a plastification of the inner wall portions of the tube is achieved according to a Plastactusradius r p , said Plastactusradius r p 50 to 92%, preferably 70 is up to 92% and preferably 75 to 92% of the outer radius r a of the tube.
  • the radii are measured from the center or from the longitudinal central axis of the tube.
  • the plasticization begins on the inner surface of the metal tube and propagates on further pressure increase to the outside.
  • the plastication radius r p indicates the extent of plasticization in the radial direction of the tube. -
  • ⁇ F stands for the stress at which the elastic properties of the material change into flow properties.
  • r i is the inner radius of the metal tube and r a is the outer radius of the metal tube.
  • straight and / or bent metal pipes or metal pipes are treated with at least one bent pipe section with the autofrettage method according to the invention.
  • the inventive method has proven particularly useful.
  • the invention is based on the finding that a particularly precise and functionally reliable control of the degree of plasticization is possible with the autofrettage method according to the invention.
  • the process is characterized by simplicity and low effort.
  • material defects or defective tubes can be detected in a very simple way and be removed from the production process.
  • a control of already autofrettierter pipes is easily possible.
  • the measures according to the invention can be implemented at relatively low cost. Compared to known from the prior art autofrettage method significantly less pipes are damaged in the inventive method and the inventive method is thus characterized by an advantageously low committee.
  • the invention relates to an autofrettage method for increasing the strength of metal pipes 1.
  • the interior 2 of the metal pipe 1 is subjected to a high internal pressure p and this pressure or internal pressure p is increased during the autofrettage treatment.
  • the internal pressure p is increased from 0 to about 5,500 bar (s. Fig. 2 ). Due to this pressure increase takes place starting from the inner surface 3 of the metal tube 1, a plasticization of the metal or the metal wall instead.
  • the plasticized inner regions of the tube wall of the metal tube 1 are in the Fig. 1a and 1 b marked by cross-hatching.
  • FIGS. 1 a and 1b show a metal tube 1 treated with the autofrettage method according to the invention with two different degrees of plasticization.
  • the critical outer diameter d ak has been reached, as well as the desired maximum degree of plasticization.
  • the degree of plasticization can be specified by the plastication radius r p .
  • the Plastometersradius r p 90% of the outer radius r a of the metal tube 1 amount.
  • r i stands for the inner radius of the metal pipe 1. All radii are measured from the center M of the metal pipe 1.
  • Fig. 2 shows the pressure build-up or the course of the pressure p and the course or the change of the outer diameter d a during the autofrettage treatment according to the invention.
  • a first autofrettage treatment and, as it were, a second autofrettage treatment are carried out as a check.
  • the changes in the outer diameter d a can be divided into an elastic portion E and a plastic portion P.
  • the second autofrettage treatment (right side of Fig. 2 ) to what extent the metal tube 1 has already been subjected to an autofrettage treatment and whether the degree of plasticization has been carried out according to or as desired.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Shaping Metal By Deep-Drawing, Or The Like (AREA)
  • Chemical Treatment Of Metals (AREA)
EP12153851.6A 2012-02-03 2012-02-03 Autofrettage-Verfahren Not-in-force EP2623616B1 (de)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP12153851.6A EP2623616B1 (de) 2012-02-03 2012-02-03 Autofrettage-Verfahren
PL12153851T PL2623616T3 (pl) 2012-02-03 2012-02-03 Sposób autofretażu

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP12153851.6A EP2623616B1 (de) 2012-02-03 2012-02-03 Autofrettage-Verfahren

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2623616A1 EP2623616A1 (de) 2013-08-07
EP2623616B1 true EP2623616B1 (de) 2014-09-10

Family

ID=45571391

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP12153851.6A Not-in-force EP2623616B1 (de) 2012-02-03 2012-02-03 Autofrettage-Verfahren

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2623616B1 (pl)
PL (1) PL2623616T3 (pl)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3192737B1 (en) * 2016-01-14 2020-12-02 Safran Landing Systems UK Limited Shock strut

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3438113A (en) * 1966-11-25 1969-04-15 Foster Wheeler Corp Short time elevated temperature autofrettage
US3889381A (en) * 1974-04-10 1975-06-17 Us Army Gage for measuring the circumferential expansion of internally pressurized tubes
JPS5535282A (en) * 1978-09-05 1980-03-12 Yamamoto Suiatsu Kogyosho:Kk Method and device for testing resisting pressure of steel tube
KR850001846B1 (ko) * 1980-06-05 1985-12-28 더 뱁콕 앤드 윌콕스 캄패니 관내에 슬리이브를 고정하는 장치
US6154946A (en) * 1998-01-05 2000-12-05 Elmhurst Research, Inc. Method for the manufacture of very high pressure vessels to survive high cycle fatigue loading
JP2010043920A (ja) 2008-08-11 2010-02-25 Usui Kokusai Sangyo Kaisha Ltd ディーゼルエンジン用高圧燃料配管のオートフレッタージ処理における処理圧力の検出方法及びこの検出方法を用いたオートフレッタージ処理方法並びにその処理装置

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Publication number Publication date
EP2623616A1 (de) 2013-08-07
PL2623616T3 (pl) 2015-02-27

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