Classifications

• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
  • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
  • F24F12/00—Use of energy recovery systems in air conditioning, ventilation or screening
  • F24F12/001—Use of energy recovery systems in air conditioning, ventilation or screening with heat-exchange between supplied and exhausted air
  • F24F12/006—Use of energy recovery systems in air conditioning, ventilation or screening with heat-exchange between supplied and exhausted air using an air-to-air heat exchanger
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
  • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
  • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
  • F24F11/30—Control or safety arrangements for purposes related to the operation of the system, e.g. for safety or monitoring
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
  • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
  • F24F13/00—Details common to, or for air-conditioning, air-humidification, ventilation or use of air currents for screening
  • F24F13/20—Casings or covers
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
  • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
  • F24F3/00—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems
  • F24F3/12—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the treatment of the air otherwise than by heating and cooling
  • F24F3/14—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the treatment of the air otherwise than by heating and cooling by humidification; by dehumidification
  • F24F3/1411—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the treatment of the air otherwise than by heating and cooling by humidification; by dehumidification by absorbing or adsorbing water, e.g. using an hygroscopic desiccant
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
  • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
  • F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
  • F28D21/0001—Recuperative heat exchangers
  • F28D21/0014—Recuperative heat exchangers the heat being recuperated from waste air or from vapors
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
  • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
  • F28D9/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
  • F28D9/0025—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being formed by zig-zag bend plates
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
  • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
  • F28F27/00—Control arrangements or safety devices specially adapted for heat-exchange or heat-transfer apparatus
  • F28F27/02—Control arrangements or safety devices specially adapted for heat-exchange or heat-transfer apparatus for controlling the distribution of heat-exchange media between different channels
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
  • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
  • F24F3/00—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems
  • F24F3/12—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the treatment of the air otherwise than by heating and cooling
  • F24F3/14—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the treatment of the air otherwise than by heating and cooling by humidification; by dehumidification
  • F24F2003/144—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the treatment of the air otherwise than by heating and cooling by humidification; by dehumidification by dehumidification only
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
  • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
  • F24F2110/00—Control inputs relating to air properties
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
  • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
  • F24F2221/00—Details or features not otherwise provided for
  • F24F2221/17—Details or features not otherwise provided for mounted in a wall
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
  • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
  • F28D11/00—Heat-exchange apparatus employing moving conduits
  • F28D11/02—Heat-exchange apparatus employing moving conduits the movement being rotary, e.g. performed by a drum or roller
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
  • Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
  • Y02B30/56—Heat recovery units

Definitions

• This invention pertains to a field of ventilation equipment, especially decentralized recuperators and heat exchangers, designed for ventilation of premises and retaining / maintaining of heat.
• the closest patent according to the prior art is the Swiss patent No. CH699308, published on February 26 th of 2010.
• This patent describes the cross-exchange heat exchanger design, which is integrated to a wall and designed for ventilation of the premises.
• the system is comprised of the area, where heat exchange of the airstreams is performed, ventilators and electronic control area.
• One of those drawbacks is difficult assembly works, because in the cross-exchange heat exchanger, the incoming and outgoing airstreams are arranged at a 90 0 angle, and, when increasing the air path length, all overall dimensions of the device must increase, while higher dimensions significantly increase the prime cost of the device.
• the other drawback is that the maximum theoretic heat transfer efficiency of the cross-exchange recuperator reaches only 50%.
• this analogue design does not include cooling (bypass circuit) mode.
• the goal of the present invention is a special counter flow-heat exchange recuperator, which is easily integrated into the partition (for example, wall) and the increase of its dimensions in longitudinal direction does not influence the increase of transverse dimensions, i.e. recuperator can be long and have small diameter.
• recuperator can be long and have small diameter.
• the heat exchanger, mounted inside the recuperator, which can be long and have small diameter, is inserted into a round tube-shaped design, having tight or tightly screwed endings with specially formed corresponding holes on the side for warm / cold airstream outlet / inlet.
• the main feature of this invention is that:
• this counter flow-heat exchange recuperator can be sufficiently long and have narrow diameter, which ensures good heat exchange
• heat exchanger when using the mode switch, can be rotated around its longitudinal axis and in this way acts not only in ventilation mode, but also in ventilation and cooling (heat abstraction) (bypass) mode;
• recuperator system has special holes into which material can be placed, ensuring not only heat exchange, but also moisture transfer from warm airstream to cold airstream;
• heat exchanger design can have moisture and / or heat permeable fibres, which do not let or hardly let air, reduce system vibration and improve overall system moisture permeability;
• accumulators are placed into the recuperator system for accumulation of electrical energy and its supply;
• Fig. 1 shows a principal scheme of the counter-exchange recuperator design (side view).
• Fig. 2 shows a principal scheme of the counter flow-exchange recuperator design in a cross-section (in ventilation and cooling modes).
• Fig. 3 shows a principal scheme of the counter-exchange recuperator design in a cross-section (in ventilation mode).
• Fig. 4 shows an overall view of the counter-exchange recuperator design (additional illustrating drawing).
• cross-flow heat exchange recuperators Two types are normally used worldwide: cross-flow or counter flow-heat exchange recuperators.
• Cross-flow heat exchange recuperators are most common, however, this type of design has a few drawbacks.
• One of these drawbacks is related to assembling: when mounting cross-flow recuperators, two additional holes have to be drilled in the partition (for example, wall): for warm and cold air. This makes mounting very difficult and increases linear heat losses (which are accumulating in the places of fixation) of the ventilation system.
• recuperator (1) consists of these main structural components: cold part of recuperator (2), warm part of recuperator (3), partition design (4) and special heat exchanger (5) design, placed inside recuperator (1).
• the mentioned cold (2) and warm (3) parts of recuperator are tube-shaped, the length of which, when the diameter of recuperator (1) is not changed, can be long enough and can be changed depending on the need.
• recuperator (1) is integrated into the partition (4), the function of which can be performed by the internal / external wall of the ventilated building or premises.
• recuperator (2) is directed to the outside, while warm part of recuperator (3) - into the premises.
• the heat exchanger (5) design itself is placed into a round tube (2, 3), cold (6) and warm (7) endings of which are tightly closed or tightly screwed.
• the mentioned recuperator (1) has four special vents (8, 9, 10, 11).
• Warm part (3) of recuperator has two vents arranged one in front of another (8, 10): one vent (8) is for the premises air inlet into the heat exchanger (5), the other vent (10) is for the outside air outlet from the heat exchanger (5) into the premises.
• Cold part (2) of recuperator also has vents (9, 11) arranged one in front of another: one vent (9) is for the premises air outlet from the heat exchanger (5) to the outside, and the other vent (11) is for the outside air inlet into the heat exchanger (5).
• the area of the mentioned vents (8, 9, 10, 11) can differ, i.e. height and width can be changed depending on the need.
• Ventilator is mounted close to the vent (8), extruding or drawing the premises air to the heat exchanger (5), ventilator is mounted close to the vent (11), extruding the outside air to the heat exchanger (5).
• two more ventilators can be connected and put into operation close to the vents (9, 10).
• the mentioned recuperator (1) can also have mode switch (12), which can rotate and change the arrangement of the heat exchanger (5) in the recuperator (1) in respect of the mentioned switch (12) rotation axis.
• the mentioned mode switch (12) can be rotated by hand or specially adjusted electronic and / or mechanical gearwheel or mechanism of similar purpose.
• All mentioned parts (2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 12) of recuperator (1) are made of suitable firm heat and water resistant materials, for example, metal, glass, ceramics, hard plastic or composite materials. Dimensions of all mentioned parts can be recorded and recalculated and adjusted for every separate installation case.
• Fig. 2 provides a cross-sectional view of counter-exchange recuperator (1) design.
• Heat exchanger (5) integrated into recuperator (1) is closely linked with the mode switch (12), which can rotate the heat exchanger (5) of the recuperator (1) longitudinally around the axis of the mentioned switch (12).
• One of the ways of implementation provides heat exchanger (5), the basis is which is made of heat exchanger plates (13) arranged in parallel to one another, along which incoming and outgoing airstreams flow from different sides in opposite directions.
• the distance between heat exchanger plates (13) can be fixed, equal, different or adjusted.
• Heat exchanger plates (13) can be made of good heat conducting stainless material, for example, metal, glass, ceramics, carbon, plastic, special heat and water resistant paper, composite materials and etc.
• heat exchanger plates (13) are connected based on 'accordion principle' so that on the sides of those plates cone-shaped joints are formed, not allowing airstreams to mix.
• the mentioned cone-shaped joints can be more or less sharp and can have rectangular or other irregular form.
• Every plate (13) of the heat exchanger meets different airstreams, i.e. from one side of the plate the air extracted from the premises is transferred, while from the opposite side of the plate the air indrawn into the premises is transferred.
• Heat exchanger plates (13) conduct heat well; therefore warm air outlet from the premises transfers its heat to heat exchanger plates (13), and these plates transfer collected heat to cold outside airstream flowing from the other side. In this way, the premises are ventilated and the heat is also preserved and maintained.
• the mentioned plates (13) can have different shapes: flat, rough (sponge type) and etc.
• heat exchanger (5) design is square or rectangular, after mounting it into round tube (cylinder) (2, 3), four arc-shaped cavities are formed in the inner perimeter of the mentioned tube.
• material (14) To direct air only to heat exchanger (5), two opposite cavities can be sealed with material (14), and the rest two - not sealed, i.e. left free.
• This material (14), presented in Fig. 3, performs not only sealing function, but also reduces vibration in heat exchanger (5); moreover, which is very important, it transmits moisture of the premises air, which passes to the outside airstream and together with this stream it is transferred to the premises again. In this way, air outgoing from the premises leaves not only part of its heat in the heat exchanger (5), but also part of its moisture.
• the mentioned cone-shaped joints or joints of other shape, present between the plates (13), are cut off, and between loosely hanging plates, close to their endings, along the heat exchanger (5), (soft) moisture and / or heat permeable fibres are hermetically attached, which do not let air or hardly let air.
• recuperator (1) can work in a few modes: ventilation and cooling (by pass heat abstraction) mode (Fig. 2) and ventilation mode (Fig. 3).
• Ventilation mode involves premises air extrusion to the outside, outside air supply to the premises, heat and moisture exchange in the heat exchanger (5).
• Ventilation and cooling mode includes premises air extrusion to the outside, outside air supply to the premises, heat abstraction to the outside and moisture exchange in heat exchanger (5).
• Device (1) merges premises air with outside air, therefore, no additional pipe fitting is needed.
• Recuperator (1) of this type is very compact and is easily mounted onto the wall of the building, because during the mounting it is only necessary to drill one hole in the wall, diameter of which is very close to the transverse diameter of recuperator (1). Since there is only one hole, linear heat losses in the perimeter of the system reduce.
• recuperator (1) With the aim to electronically control provided recuperator (1) system, corresponding control equipment is installed in the system and close to it, which can have temperature, pressure, moisture and other parameters sensors as well as control ventilators and other related auxiliary electronic devices.
• recuperator (1) designed for electric energy collection and supply to recuperator (1) parts / blocks depending on the need.
• Heat exchanger (5) of recuperator (1) can be made of electrically conductive material and, when conducting electric current, it can be warmed / heated. In this way, it is possible not only to cool, but also to heat the air that is inlet into the premises. Furthermore, when heating heat exchanger (5), it is possible to defrost and evaporate the condensate, which is collected in heat exchanger (5) during the usage of recuperator (1).
• recuperator (1) If luminous element is integrated into one surface of the ending of recuperator (1), which is seen from the outside, then, when using the combination of these recuperators, it is possible to illuminate the walls of the building and, depending on the direction of luminous elements, surroundings of the building.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Thermal Sciences (AREA)
• Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)

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Publications (1)

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• 2010
  • 2010-09-06 LT LT2010064A patent/LT5829B/lt not_active IP Right Cessation
• 2011
  • 2011-06-10 EP EP11728957.9A patent/EP2614313A1/en not_active Withdrawn
  • 2011-06-10 WO PCT/IB2011/052542 patent/WO2012032422A1/en active Application Filing

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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