WO2012032422A1 - Decentralized recuperator - Google Patents
Decentralized recuperator Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2012032422A1 WO2012032422A1 PCT/IB2011/052542 IB2011052542W WO2012032422A1 WO 2012032422 A1 WO2012032422 A1 WO 2012032422A1 IB 2011052542 W IB2011052542 W IB 2011052542W WO 2012032422 A1 WO2012032422 A1 WO 2012032422A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- recuperator
- heat exchanger
- heat
- mentioned
- decentralized
- Prior art date
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F12/00—Use of energy recovery systems in air conditioning, ventilation or screening
- F24F12/001—Use of energy recovery systems in air conditioning, ventilation or screening with heat-exchange between supplied and exhausted air
- F24F12/006—Use of energy recovery systems in air conditioning, ventilation or screening with heat-exchange between supplied and exhausted air using an air-to-air heat exchanger
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
- F24F11/30—Control or safety arrangements for purposes related to the operation of the system, e.g. for safety or monitoring
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F13/00—Details common to, or for air-conditioning, air-humidification, ventilation or use of air currents for screening
- F24F13/20—Casings or covers
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F3/00—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems
- F24F3/12—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the treatment of the air otherwise than by heating and cooling
- F24F3/14—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the treatment of the air otherwise than by heating and cooling by humidification; by dehumidification
- F24F3/1411—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the treatment of the air otherwise than by heating and cooling by humidification; by dehumidification by absorbing or adsorbing water, e.g. using an hygroscopic desiccant
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
- F28D21/0001—Recuperative heat exchangers
- F28D21/0014—Recuperative heat exchangers the heat being recuperated from waste air or from vapors
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D9/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
- F28D9/0025—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being formed by zig-zag bend plates
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F27/00—Control arrangements or safety devices specially adapted for heat-exchange or heat-transfer apparatus
- F28F27/02—Control arrangements or safety devices specially adapted for heat-exchange or heat-transfer apparatus for controlling the distribution of heat-exchange media between different channels
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F3/00—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems
- F24F3/12—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the treatment of the air otherwise than by heating and cooling
- F24F3/14—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the treatment of the air otherwise than by heating and cooling by humidification; by dehumidification
- F24F2003/144—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the treatment of the air otherwise than by heating and cooling by humidification; by dehumidification by dehumidification only
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F2110/00—Control inputs relating to air properties
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F2221/00—Details or features not otherwise provided for
- F24F2221/17—Details or features not otherwise provided for mounted in a wall
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D11/00—Heat-exchange apparatus employing moving conduits
- F28D11/02—Heat-exchange apparatus employing moving conduits the movement being rotary, e.g. performed by a drum or roller
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
- Y02B30/56—Heat recovery units
Definitions
- This invention pertains to a field of ventilation equipment, especially decentralized recuperators and heat exchangers, designed for ventilation of premises and retaining / maintaining of heat.
- the closest patent according to the prior art is the Swiss patent No. CH699308, published on February 26 th of 2010.
- This patent describes the cross-exchange heat exchanger design, which is integrated to a wall and designed for ventilation of the premises.
- the system is comprised of the area, where heat exchange of the airstreams is performed, ventilators and electronic control area.
- One of those drawbacks is difficult assembly works, because in the cross-exchange heat exchanger, the incoming and outgoing airstreams are arranged at a 90 0 angle, and, when increasing the air path length, all overall dimensions of the device must increase, while higher dimensions significantly increase the prime cost of the device.
- the other drawback is that the maximum theoretic heat transfer efficiency of the cross-exchange recuperator reaches only 50%.
- this analogue design does not include cooling (bypass circuit) mode.
- the goal of the present invention is a special counter flow-heat exchange recuperator, which is easily integrated into the partition (for example, wall) and the increase of its dimensions in longitudinal direction does not influence the increase of transverse dimensions, i.e. recuperator can be long and have small diameter.
- recuperator can be long and have small diameter.
- the heat exchanger, mounted inside the recuperator, which can be long and have small diameter, is inserted into a round tube-shaped design, having tight or tightly screwed endings with specially formed corresponding holes on the side for warm / cold airstream outlet / inlet.
- the main feature of this invention is that:
- this counter flow-heat exchange recuperator can be sufficiently long and have narrow diameter, which ensures good heat exchange
- heat exchanger when using the mode switch, can be rotated around its longitudinal axis and in this way acts not only in ventilation mode, but also in ventilation and cooling (heat abstraction) (bypass) mode;
- recuperator system has special holes into which material can be placed, ensuring not only heat exchange, but also moisture transfer from warm airstream to cold airstream;
- heat exchanger design can have moisture and / or heat permeable fibres, which do not let or hardly let air, reduce system vibration and improve overall system moisture permeability;
- accumulators are placed into the recuperator system for accumulation of electrical energy and its supply;
- Fig. 1 shows a principal scheme of the counter-exchange recuperator design (side view).
- Fig. 2 shows a principal scheme of the counter flow-exchange recuperator design in a cross-section (in ventilation and cooling modes).
- Fig. 3 shows a principal scheme of the counter-exchange recuperator design in a cross-section (in ventilation mode).
- Fig. 4 shows an overall view of the counter-exchange recuperator design (additional illustrating drawing).
- cross-flow heat exchange recuperators Two types are normally used worldwide: cross-flow or counter flow-heat exchange recuperators.
- Cross-flow heat exchange recuperators are most common, however, this type of design has a few drawbacks.
- One of these drawbacks is related to assembling: when mounting cross-flow recuperators, two additional holes have to be drilled in the partition (for example, wall): for warm and cold air. This makes mounting very difficult and increases linear heat losses (which are accumulating in the places of fixation) of the ventilation system.
- recuperator (1) consists of these main structural components: cold part of recuperator (2), warm part of recuperator (3), partition design (4) and special heat exchanger (5) design, placed inside recuperator (1).
- the mentioned cold (2) and warm (3) parts of recuperator are tube-shaped, the length of which, when the diameter of recuperator (1) is not changed, can be long enough and can be changed depending on the need.
- recuperator (1) is integrated into the partition (4), the function of which can be performed by the internal / external wall of the ventilated building or premises.
- recuperator (2) is directed to the outside, while warm part of recuperator (3) - into the premises.
- the heat exchanger (5) design itself is placed into a round tube (2, 3), cold (6) and warm (7) endings of which are tightly closed or tightly screwed.
- the mentioned recuperator (1) has four special vents (8, 9, 10, 11).
- Warm part (3) of recuperator has two vents arranged one in front of another (8, 10): one vent (8) is for the premises air inlet into the heat exchanger (5), the other vent (10) is for the outside air outlet from the heat exchanger (5) into the premises.
- Cold part (2) of recuperator also has vents (9, 11) arranged one in front of another: one vent (9) is for the premises air outlet from the heat exchanger (5) to the outside, and the other vent (11) is for the outside air inlet into the heat exchanger (5).
- the area of the mentioned vents (8, 9, 10, 11) can differ, i.e. height and width can be changed depending on the need.
- Ventilator is mounted close to the vent (8), extruding or drawing the premises air to the heat exchanger (5), ventilator is mounted close to the vent (11), extruding the outside air to the heat exchanger (5).
- two more ventilators can be connected and put into operation close to the vents (9, 10).
- the mentioned recuperator (1) can also have mode switch (12), which can rotate and change the arrangement of the heat exchanger (5) in the recuperator (1) in respect of the mentioned switch (12) rotation axis.
- the mentioned mode switch (12) can be rotated by hand or specially adjusted electronic and / or mechanical gearwheel or mechanism of similar purpose.
- All mentioned parts (2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 12) of recuperator (1) are made of suitable firm heat and water resistant materials, for example, metal, glass, ceramics, hard plastic or composite materials. Dimensions of all mentioned parts can be recorded and recalculated and adjusted for every separate installation case.
- Fig. 2 provides a cross-sectional view of counter-exchange recuperator (1) design.
- Heat exchanger (5) integrated into recuperator (1) is closely linked with the mode switch (12), which can rotate the heat exchanger (5) of the recuperator (1) longitudinally around the axis of the mentioned switch (12).
- One of the ways of implementation provides heat exchanger (5), the basis is which is made of heat exchanger plates (13) arranged in parallel to one another, along which incoming and outgoing airstreams flow from different sides in opposite directions.
- the distance between heat exchanger plates (13) can be fixed, equal, different or adjusted.
- Heat exchanger plates (13) can be made of good heat conducting stainless material, for example, metal, glass, ceramics, carbon, plastic, special heat and water resistant paper, composite materials and etc.
- heat exchanger plates (13) are connected based on 'accordion principle' so that on the sides of those plates cone-shaped joints are formed, not allowing airstreams to mix.
- the mentioned cone-shaped joints can be more or less sharp and can have rectangular or other irregular form.
- Every plate (13) of the heat exchanger meets different airstreams, i.e. from one side of the plate the air extracted from the premises is transferred, while from the opposite side of the plate the air indrawn into the premises is transferred.
- Heat exchanger plates (13) conduct heat well; therefore warm air outlet from the premises transfers its heat to heat exchanger plates (13), and these plates transfer collected heat to cold outside airstream flowing from the other side. In this way, the premises are ventilated and the heat is also preserved and maintained.
- the mentioned plates (13) can have different shapes: flat, rough (sponge type) and etc.
- heat exchanger (5) design is square or rectangular, after mounting it into round tube (cylinder) (2, 3), four arc-shaped cavities are formed in the inner perimeter of the mentioned tube.
- material (14) To direct air only to heat exchanger (5), two opposite cavities can be sealed with material (14), and the rest two - not sealed, i.e. left free.
- This material (14), presented in Fig. 3, performs not only sealing function, but also reduces vibration in heat exchanger (5); moreover, which is very important, it transmits moisture of the premises air, which passes to the outside airstream and together with this stream it is transferred to the premises again. In this way, air outgoing from the premises leaves not only part of its heat in the heat exchanger (5), but also part of its moisture.
- the mentioned cone-shaped joints or joints of other shape, present between the plates (13), are cut off, and between loosely hanging plates, close to their endings, along the heat exchanger (5), (soft) moisture and / or heat permeable fibres are hermetically attached, which do not let air or hardly let air.
- recuperator (1) can work in a few modes: ventilation and cooling (by pass heat abstraction) mode (Fig. 2) and ventilation mode (Fig. 3).
- Ventilation mode involves premises air extrusion to the outside, outside air supply to the premises, heat and moisture exchange in the heat exchanger (5).
- Ventilation and cooling mode includes premises air extrusion to the outside, outside air supply to the premises, heat abstraction to the outside and moisture exchange in heat exchanger (5).
- Device (1) merges premises air with outside air, therefore, no additional pipe fitting is needed.
- Recuperator (1) of this type is very compact and is easily mounted onto the wall of the building, because during the mounting it is only necessary to drill one hole in the wall, diameter of which is very close to the transverse diameter of recuperator (1). Since there is only one hole, linear heat losses in the perimeter of the system reduce.
- recuperator (1) With the aim to electronically control provided recuperator (1) system, corresponding control equipment is installed in the system and close to it, which can have temperature, pressure, moisture and other parameters sensors as well as control ventilators and other related auxiliary electronic devices.
- recuperator (1) designed for electric energy collection and supply to recuperator (1) parts / blocks depending on the need.
- Heat exchanger (5) of recuperator (1) can be made of electrically conductive material and, when conducting electric current, it can be warmed / heated. In this way, it is possible not only to cool, but also to heat the air that is inlet into the premises. Furthermore, when heating heat exchanger (5), it is possible to defrost and evaporate the condensate, which is collected in heat exchanger (5) during the usage of recuperator (1).
- recuperator (1) If luminous element is integrated into one surface of the ending of recuperator (1), which is seen from the outside, then, when using the combination of these recuperators, it is possible to illuminate the walls of the building and, depending on the direction of luminous elements, surroundings of the building.
Abstract
The object of this invention is a special design of counter-flow exchange recuperator, which is easily integrated into the partition, and lengthening of its dimensions longitudinally does not increase transverse dimensions. This guarantees not only easy mounting and compactness, but also ensures very good heat exchange in heat exchanger of recuperator. The basis of heat exchanger is made of a corresponding system, which can be rotated around its longitudinal axis and in this way operate in not only ventilation mode, but also in ventilation and cooling mode. Recuperator system has holes, where material is placed, ensuring not only heat exchange, but also moisture transfer. After the corresponding accordion-shaped endings are cut off in the design of heat exchanger, moisture and / or heat permeable fibres are inserted between loosely hanging plates. These fibres do not let air or hardly let air, reduce system vibration and improve general system moisture permeability. To reduce electricity consumption, surrounding surfaces of the protective elements, which protect airstreams, are covered with photocell layer that converts solar energy to electrical energy.
Description
This invention pertains to a field of
ventilation equipment, especially decentralized
recuperators and heat exchangers, designed for
ventilation of premises and retaining / maintaining of
heat.
The issue of ventilation of premises
has been relevant even in the old days, however, now,
when people living in cities spend approximately 80%
of their time indoors, this issue becomes especially
important. Excluding the issue of ventilation of
premises, there is another relevant issue: together
with the air outlet from the premises, heat and
moisture come out as well. Therefore, people make
efforts to design various types of devices, which
could ensure not only good ventilation, but also save
heat and maintain moisture. Over time, as new needs and
requirements arise, novel recuperators were designed
having new features and exclusive designs.
There is a known Russian patent No.
RU2328683, published on July 10th of
2008. This patent describes the passive ring-shaped
plate multidirectional recuperator, where the incoming
airstreams, going through in parallel arranged metal
plates, which make a ring-shaped design, transfer
their heat to the plates and are indrawn into the
premises or extruded from the premises. The advantage of
this design is that few airstreams of different
directions can inflow into this design, however, this
ring-shaped design significantly restricts the path
length of the airstreams going through the design. Due
to this reason, few issues are typical to this type
design: this system does not ensure good heat exchange
between the incoming and outgoing airstreams;
moreover, the mounting process of this design is
complicated, because the whole system has to be fully
mounted to the wall.
There are known another, Korean patent
No. KR20040059267 (EP1621824), published on
February 1st of 2006. This patent presents
the ventilation system, which, when using ventilators,
extrudes the air of the premises to the outside, and
draws specially prepared air into the premises. In
this system, the air supplied from the outside goes
through specially prepared medium, where the outside air
is suitably prepared: heated, moistened and etc. For
this aim, water supply system is provided in the
equipment. However, this solution is not economical,
because the incoming and outgoing airstreams go
through separate channels and there is no heat exchange
between them, i.e. the heat of the air in the premises
is extruded to the outside and is not recovered.
Furthermore, this equipment is very complicated in
respect of its mounting and control, because control of
the water supply system is added to control of the
ventilation system.
There is one more known, Chinese patent
No. CN201269705 , published on July 8th of
2009. This patent describes the tube-type heat
exchanger. Air for the premises is supplied via the
tubes, and heat is abstracted from the tubes, inserted
in the separate closed area, by using a complex tunnel
system. This design is quite cumbersome, since it
requires a complex heat abstraction system. The tubes
are long and have small diameter, therefore strong
resistance to airstream occurs inside them. Moreover,
tubes of this type can easily be blocked with fat or
other undesirable objects of small sizes.
The closest patent according to the
prior art is the Swiss patent No. CH699308, published
on February 26th of 2010. This patent
describes the cross-exchange heat exchanger design,
which is integrated to a wall and designed for
ventilation of the premises. The system is comprised
of the area, where heat exchange of the airstreams is
performed, ventilators and electronic control area.
Despite the fact that the whole system is quite mobile
and does not require additional heat abstraction system,
it has a few drawbacks. One of those drawbacks is
difficult assembly works, because in the
cross-exchange heat exchanger, the incoming and outgoing
airstreams are arranged at a 900 angle,
and, when increasing the air path length, all overall
dimensions of the device must increase, while higher
dimensions significantly increase the prime cost of
the device. The other drawback is that the maximum
theoretic heat transfer efficiency of the cross-exchange
recuperator reaches only 50%. Furthermore, this analogue
design does not include cooling (bypass circuit) mode.
The goal of the present invention
is a special counter flow-heat exchange
recuperator, which is easily integrated into the
partition (for example, wall) and the increase of
its dimensions in longitudinal direction does
not influence the increase of transverse
dimensions, i.e. recuperator can be long and have
small diameter. This guarantees not only easy
mounting and compactness, but also ensures very good
heat exchange in the heat exchanger of the
recuperator, the theoretical efficiency of which
can reach η=1. The heat exchanger, mounted inside
the recuperator, which can be long and have
small diameter, is inserted into a round
tube-shaped design, having tight or tightly screwed
endings with specially formed corresponding
holes on the side for warm / cold airstream
outlet / inlet.
The main feature of this invention
is that:
this counter flow-heat exchange
recuperator can be sufficiently long and have
narrow diameter, which ensures good heat exchange;
heat exchanger, when using the
mode switch, can be rotated around its
longitudinal axis and in this way acts not only in
ventilation mode, but also in ventilation and
cooling (heat abstraction) (bypass) mode;
recuperator system has special
holes into which material can be placed,
ensuring not only heat exchange, but also moisture
transfer from warm airstream to cold airstream;
heat exchanger design can have
moisture and / or heat permeable fibres, which
do not let or hardly let air, reduce system
vibration and improve overall system moisture permeability;
there are corresponding
ventilators for airstreams direction;
accumulators are placed into the
recuperator system for accumulation of
electrical energy and its supply;
there are filters for cleaning
directed airstream from rubbish, undesirable
objects of small dimensions and unpleasant smell; and
there is a suitably mounted
electronic control equipment, which can have
transducers of temperature, pressure, moisture and
other parameters, as well as control ventilators and
other related auxiliary electronic equipment.
Fig. 1 shows a principal scheme of the
counter-exchange recuperator design (side view).
Fig. 2 shows a principal scheme of the
counter flow-exchange recuperator design in a
cross-section (in ventilation and cooling modes).
Fig. 3 shows a principal scheme of the
counter-exchange recuperator design in a cross-section
(in ventilation mode).
Fig. 4 shows an overall view of the
counter-exchange recuperator design (additional
illustrating drawing).
Two types of recuperators are normally
used worldwide: cross-flow or counter flow-heat
exchange recuperators. Cross-flow heat exchange
recuperators are most common, however, this type of
design has a few drawbacks. One of these drawbacks is
related to assembling: when mounting cross-flow
recuperators, two additional holes have to be drilled in
the partition (for example, wall): for warm and cold
air. This makes mounting very difficult and increases
linear heat losses (which are accumulating in the
places of fixation) of the ventilation system. Moreover,
in case of cross-flow recuperator, when aiming to
lengthen the paths of warm and cold airstreams, the
longer the path of the airstream is, the longer (longer
period of time) takes the heat exchange in the
recuperator, it is necessary to increase the
transverse dimensions of the recuperator, which is
usually not reasonable. On the other hand, theoretic
efficiency of heat transfer of the cross-flow
recuperator reaches only η=0.5, while theoretic
efficiency of heat transfer of the counter-exchange
recuperator can reach even up to η=1.0. However,
counter-exchange recuperators are normally implemented
as a tube system or ring-shaped plate system. The tube
system has sufficiently high impedance, can be easily
blocked, is difficult to clean and requires additional
heat abstraction equipment. The ring-shaped plate
system is similar to cross-flow recuperator (for
example, RU2328683) and has alike drawbacks: difficult
mounting due to big dimensions and too low efficiency of
heat abstraction due to insufficiently long path in
heat exchanger.
To achieve the highest possible
efficiency η of heat transfer and to avoid recuperator
mounting difficulties, basically new design of
counter-exchange recuperators is provided, the overall
scheme of which is presented in Fig.1. This
recuperator (1) consists of these main structural
components: cold part of recuperator (2), warm part of
recuperator (3), partition design (4) and special heat
exchanger (5) design, placed inside recuperator (1).
Ideally, the mentioned cold (2) and warm (3) parts of
recuperator are tube-shaped, the length of which, when
the diameter of recuperator (1) is not changed, can be
long enough and can be changed depending on the need.
To ensure compactness of the design, recuperator (1) is
integrated into the partition (4), the function of
which can be performed by the internal / external wall
of the ventilated building or premises. This way, in
respect of the partition (4), cold part of recuperator
(2) is directed to the outside, while warm part of
recuperator (3) - into the premises. The heat exchanger
(5) design itself is placed into a round tube (2, 3),
cold (6) and warm (7) endings of which are tightly
closed or tightly screwed. To ensure the functions of
ventilation and heat exchange, the mentioned recuperator
(1) has four special vents (8, 9, 10, 11). Warm part
(3) of recuperator has two vents arranged one in front
of another (8, 10): one vent (8) is for the premises air
inlet into the heat exchanger (5), the other vent (10)
is for the outside air outlet from the heat exchanger
(5) into the premises. Cold part (2) of recuperator also
has vents (9, 11) arranged one in front of another:
one vent (9) is for the premises air outlet from the
heat exchanger (5) to the outside, and the other vent
(11) is for the outside air inlet into the heat
exchanger (5). The area of the mentioned vents (8, 9,
10, 11) can differ, i.e. height and width can be
changed depending on the need. Ventilator is mounted
close to the vent (8), extruding or drawing the
premises air to the heat exchanger (5), ventilator is
mounted close to the vent (11), extruding the outside
air to the heat exchanger (5). Moreover, if necessary,
to avoid additional reduction of heat exchanger
permeability resistance, two more ventilators can be
connected and put into operation close to the vents
(9, 10). Furthermore, to ensure cleanliness and to
protect heat exchanger (5) from undesirable small
objects or rubbish, specially selected air filters are
mounted in front of ventilators. The mentioned
recuperator (1) can also have mode switch (12), which
can rotate and change the arrangement of the heat
exchanger (5) in the recuperator (1) in respect of the
mentioned switch (12) rotation axis. The mentioned mode
switch (12) can be rotated by hand or specially
adjusted electronic and / or mechanical gearwheel or
mechanism of similar purpose. All mentioned parts (2, 3,
5, 6, 7, 12) of recuperator (1) are made of suitable
firm heat and water resistant materials, for example,
metal, glass, ceramics, hard plastic or composite
materials. Dimensions of all mentioned parts can be
recorded and recalculated and adjusted for every
separate installation case.
Fig. 2 provides a cross-sectional view
of counter-exchange recuperator (1) design. Heat
exchanger (5) integrated into recuperator (1) is
closely linked with the mode switch (12), which can
rotate the heat exchanger (5) of the recuperator (1)
longitudinally around the axis of the mentioned switch
(12). One of the ways of implementation provides heat
exchanger (5), the basis is which is made of heat
exchanger plates (13) arranged in parallel to one
another, along which incoming and outgoing airstreams
flow from different sides in opposite directions.
Depending on the design of recuperator (1), the
distance between heat exchanger plates (13) can be
fixed, equal, different or adjusted. Heat exchanger
plates (13) can be made of good heat conducting
stainless material, for example, metal, glass,
ceramics, carbon, plastic, special heat and water
resistant paper, composite materials and etc. For the
incoming and outgoing airstreams not to mix, heat
exchanger plates (13) are connected based on
'accordion principle' so that on the sides
of those plates cone-shaped joints are formed, not
allowing airstreams to mix. The mentioned cone-shaped
joints can be more or less sharp and can have
rectangular or other irregular form. Every plate (13) of
the heat exchanger meets different airstreams, i.e.
from one side of the plate the air extracted from the
premises is transferred, while from the opposite side of
the plate the air indrawn into the premises is
transferred. Heat exchanger plates (13) conduct heat
well; therefore warm air outlet from the premises
transfers its heat to heat exchanger plates (13), and
these plates transfer collected heat to cold outside
airstream flowing from the other side. In this way, the
premises are ventilated and the heat is also preserved
and maintained. The mentioned plates (13) can have
different shapes: flat, rough (sponge type) and etc.
Since heat exchanger (5) design is
square or rectangular, after mounting it into round
tube (cylinder) (2, 3), four arc-shaped cavities are
formed in the inner perimeter of the mentioned tube. To
direct air only to heat exchanger (5), two opposite
cavities can be sealed with material (14), and the
rest two - not sealed, i.e. left free. This material
(14), presented in Fig. 3, performs not only sealing
function, but also reduces vibration in heat exchanger
(5); moreover, which is very important, it transmits
moisture of the premises air, which passes to the
outside airstream and together with this stream it is
transferred to the premises again. In this way, air
outgoing from the premises leaves not only part of its
heat in the heat exchanger (5), but also part of its
moisture. To minimize system vibration and maximize
moisture transfer in the heat exchanger (5), the
mentioned cone-shaped joints or joints of other shape,
present between the plates (13), are cut off, and
between loosely hanging plates, close to their endings,
along the heat exchanger (5), (soft) moisture and / or
heat permeable fibres are hermetically attached, which
do not let air or hardly let air.
Heat exchanger (5) is not stationary
fixed in the tube (2, 3), therefore, when using mode
switch (12) and rotating heat exchanger (5) around its
longitudinal axis, recuperator (1) can work in a few
modes: ventilation and cooling (by pass heat
abstraction) mode (Fig. 2) and ventilation mode (Fig.
3). Ventilation mode involves premises air extrusion to
the outside, outside air supply to the premises, heat
and moisture exchange in the heat exchanger (5).
Ventilation and cooling mode includes premises air
extrusion to the outside, outside air supply to the
premises, heat abstraction to the outside and moisture
exchange in heat exchanger (5). Device (1) merges
premises air with outside air, therefore, no additional
pipe fitting is needed.
Due to direct air flow into heat
exchanger, air supply path is shortened and pressure
losses are reduced. This results in lower electricity
costs. Recuperator (1) of this type is very compact and
is easily mounted onto the wall of the building,
because during the mounting it is only necessary to
drill one hole in the wall, diameter of which is very
close to the transverse diameter of recuperator (1).
Since there is only one hole, linear heat losses in
the perimeter of the system reduce.
With the aim to electronically control
provided recuperator (1) system, corresponding control
equipment is installed in the system and close to it,
which can have temperature, pressure, moisture and
other parameters sensors as well as control ventilators
and other related auxiliary electronic devices.
To reduce electricity consumption,
surfaces of the surrounding protective elements,
protecting the mentioned airstream waves (8, 9, 10,
11), are covered with photocell layer, which converts
solar energy into electric energy. Moreover,
accumulators are integrated inside recuperator (1),
designed for electric energy collection and supply to
recuperator (1) parts / blocks depending on the need.
Heat exchanger (5) of recuperator (1)
can be made of electrically conductive material and,
when conducting electric current, it can be warmed /
heated. In this way, it is possible not only to cool,
but also to heat the air that is inlet into the
premises. Furthermore, when heating heat exchanger
(5), it is possible to defrost and evaporate the
condensate, which is collected in heat exchanger (5)
during the usage of recuperator (1).
Design of the provided recuperator (1)
reaches very high technical characteristics, is easy
and cheap to manufacture, compact during mounting and
exploitation in ventilation, ventilation and cooling as
well as air warming modes.
If luminous element is integrated into
one surface of the ending of recuperator (1), which is
seen from the outside, then, when using the
combination of these recuperators, it is possible to
illuminate the walls of the building and, depending on
the direction of luminous elements, surroundings of
the building.
Claims (9)
1. Decentralized recuperator, comprising of
heat exchanger, ventilators and / or electronic
control unit, c h a r a c t e r i z e d in
that it consists of:
warm recuperator part (3), placed in the
premises in respect of partition design (4);
cold recuperator part (2), placed on the
outside in respect of partition design (4);
cold (6) and warm (7) endings, designed for
sealing the mentioned parts (2, 3) of recuperator;
holes designed for airstreams flow (8, 9,
10, 11);
square or rectangular heat exchanger (5),
integrated into the mentioned parts of
recuperator (2, 3);
material (14), performing the functions of
sealing, vibration reduction and moisture transfer;
ventilators, designed for airstreams direction;
filters, designed for airstreams cleaning; and
electronic control unit,
which can have temperature, pressure,
moisture and other parameters sensors / transducers
and control the mentioned ventilators
and other related auxiliary electronic devices;
where
the mentioned cold (2) and warm (3) parts of
recuperator are tube-shaped, the length of
which, when the diameter of recuperator (1) does
not change, can be sufficiently long and adjustable
depending on the need;
cold (6) and warm (7) endings are tightly
closed or screwed;
there are two vents (8, 10), arranged one in
front of another, in the warm part (3) of
recuperator, where one vent (8) is for the
premises air inlet to heat exchanger (5), while the
other vent (10) is for the outside air outlet
from heat exchanger (5) to the premises;
there are also two vents (9, 11), arranged
one in front of another, in the cold part (2) of
recuperator, where one vent (9) is for premises
air outlet from heat exchanger (5) to the outside,
while the other vent (11) is for outside air
inlet to heat exchanger (5);
in the ventilation mode, heat exchanger (5)
performs ventilation, heat transfer and moisture
transfer functions, while in the ventilation and
cooling mode, it performs ventilation, cooling (heat
abstraction) and moisture transfer functions.
2. Decentralized recuperator according to
claim 1, c h a r a c t e r i z e d in
that the basis of the mentioned square or
rectangular heat exchanger (5), integrated into the
mentioned recuperator parts (2, 3), is made of
in parallel arranged heat exchanger plates (13),
along which airstreams flow from different sides
in opposite directions,
where
heat exchanger plates (13) are connected in
'accordion principle' so that
cone-shaped joints are made on the sides of the heat
exchanger (5), not allowing the airstreams that flow
along the plates to mix;
the mentioned cone-shaped joints can be more
or less sharp, as well as these mentioned
cone-shaped joints can be rectangular or have other
incorrect form.
3. Decentralized recuperator according to
any of the preceding claims 1-2, c h a r a c
t e r i z e d in that ventilator,
extruding or drawing air from the premises to heat
exchanger (5), is mounted close to the vent (8),
and ventilator, extruding or drawing air from the
outside to heat exchanger (5), is mounted close to
the vent (11); in order to additionally reduce
permeability resistance of heat exchanger, two more
corresponding ventilators are connected and put into
operation close to the vents (9, 10).
4. Decentralized recuperator according to
any of the preceding claims 1-3, c h a r a c
t e r i z e d in that it additionally
has a special mode switch (12), which, aiming to
switch recuperator (1) from ventilation and
cooling mode to ventilation mode or vice versa, can
rotate and change the arrangement of heat
exchanger (5) in recuperator (1) in respect of
the rotational axis of the mentioned switch (12),
where the mentioned mode switch (12) can be
rotated by hand or by specially adjusted electronic
and / or mechanical gearwheel or mechanism of
similar type.
5. Decentralized recuperator according to
any of the preceding claims 1-4, c h a r a c
t e r i z e d in that all mentioned
parts of recuperator (1) and heat exchanger are made
of the same or different hard and heat and water
resistant materials, for example, metal, glass,
carbon, ceramics, hard plastic, special paper,
composite materials.
6. Decentralized recuperator according to
any of the preceding claims 1-5, c h a r a c
t e r i z e d in that aiming to minimize
system vibration and maximize moisture transfer in
heat exchanger (5), the mentioned cone-shaped
joints or joints of other irregular shape, present
between the plates (13), are cut off, and between
loosely hanging plates, close to their endings,
moisture and / or heat permeable fibres are
hermetically placed, which do not let air or
hardly let air.
7. Decentralized recuperator according to
any of the preceding claims 1-6, characterized
in that aiming to reduce electrical energy
consumption, surrounding surfaces of the protective
elements, which protects the mentioned
airstreams (8, 9, 10, 11), are covered with
photocell layer, which converts solar energy to
electrical energy, which can be collected in
accumulators, integrated inside recuperator (1).
8. Decentralized recuperator according to
any of the preceding claims 1-7, c h a r a c
t e r i z e d in that aiming to heat the
air, coming from the outside to the premises, as
well as defrost and evaporate the condensate,
which is collected in the heat exchanger (5) during
the usage of recuperator (1), heat exchanger (5) of
recuperator (1) is made of electrically
conductive material and, when conducting electric
current, it can be warmed / heated.
9. Decentralized recuperator according to
any of the preceding claims 1-8, c h a r a c
t e r i z e d in that a luminous element
is integrated into the surface, seen from the
outside, of one ending of recuperator (1), which
can illuminate walls of the building and / or
surroundings of the building.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP11728957.9A EP2614313A1 (en) | 2010-09-06 | 2011-06-10 | Decentralized recuperator |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
LT2010064A LT5829B (en) | 2010-09-06 | 2010-09-06 | Decentralized recuperator |
LT2010064 | 2010-09-06 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2012032422A1 true WO2012032422A1 (en) | 2012-03-15 |
Family
ID=44583569
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/IB2011/052542 WO2012032422A1 (en) | 2010-09-06 | 2011-06-10 | Decentralized recuperator |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP2614313A1 (en) |
LT (1) | LT5829B (en) |
WO (1) | WO2012032422A1 (en) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
RU2568094C1 (en) * | 2014-07-24 | 2015-11-10 | Открытое акционерное общество "ИНСОЛАР-ИНВЕСТ" | Supply and exhaust ventilation device with heat recovery |
WO2016074660A1 (en) * | 2014-11-12 | 2016-05-19 | Tbm Gmbh | Rotary heat exchanger device |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN104315680B (en) * | 2014-10-29 | 2017-05-31 | 皓庭(唐山)环境科技有限公司 | Ventilating system |
Citations (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2019351A (en) * | 1934-11-17 | 1935-10-29 | Gen Electric | Air conditioning apparatus |
EP0029573A2 (en) * | 1979-11-24 | 1981-06-03 | Uwe Klix | Heat exchangers, their formation and arrangement in an installation for heat recovery by exchange of air, in particular for dwelling houses and comparable lay-outs |
WO1991008425A1 (en) * | 1989-12-06 | 1991-06-13 | Turbovent A/S | Heat recovering ventilator |
WO1999013283A1 (en) * | 1997-09-10 | 1999-03-18 | Baxi Air Management Limited | Heat exchanger |
KR20040059267A (en) | 2002-12-28 | 2004-07-05 | 주식회사 포스코 | Method for Removing Oxide Film on the Annealed Hot Rolled Steel Strip for Electrical Steel Sheet, Method and Device for Manufacturing the Annealed Hot Rolled Steel Strip for Electrical Steel Strip |
DE202005011482U1 (en) * | 2005-07-21 | 2005-11-03 | Benzing Lüftungssystem GmbH | Heat recovery unit for installation into a wall opening comprises a controllable ventilation system with a heat exchanger and electric fans |
EP1621824A1 (en) | 2004-07-28 | 2006-02-01 | LG Electronics Inc. | Ventilating system |
RU2328683C2 (en) | 2006-07-20 | 2008-07-10 | Евгений Дмитриевич Виноградов | "виз" plate recuperator |
CN201269705Y (en) | 2008-08-21 | 2009-07-08 | 西安石油大学 | Internal and external fins intensified heat-transmission heat exchanger of recuperator tube |
WO2010076574A2 (en) * | 2009-01-02 | 2010-07-08 | Envirovent Limited | Heat exchanger module |
-
2010
- 2010-09-06 LT LT2010064A patent/LT5829B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2011
- 2011-06-10 WO PCT/IB2011/052542 patent/WO2012032422A1/en active Application Filing
- 2011-06-10 EP EP11728957.9A patent/EP2614313A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2019351A (en) * | 1934-11-17 | 1935-10-29 | Gen Electric | Air conditioning apparatus |
EP0029573A2 (en) * | 1979-11-24 | 1981-06-03 | Uwe Klix | Heat exchangers, their formation and arrangement in an installation for heat recovery by exchange of air, in particular for dwelling houses and comparable lay-outs |
WO1991008425A1 (en) * | 1989-12-06 | 1991-06-13 | Turbovent A/S | Heat recovering ventilator |
WO1999013283A1 (en) * | 1997-09-10 | 1999-03-18 | Baxi Air Management Limited | Heat exchanger |
KR20040059267A (en) | 2002-12-28 | 2004-07-05 | 주식회사 포스코 | Method for Removing Oxide Film on the Annealed Hot Rolled Steel Strip for Electrical Steel Sheet, Method and Device for Manufacturing the Annealed Hot Rolled Steel Strip for Electrical Steel Strip |
EP1621824A1 (en) | 2004-07-28 | 2006-02-01 | LG Electronics Inc. | Ventilating system |
DE202005011482U1 (en) * | 2005-07-21 | 2005-11-03 | Benzing Lüftungssystem GmbH | Heat recovery unit for installation into a wall opening comprises a controllable ventilation system with a heat exchanger and electric fans |
CH699308B1 (en) | 2005-07-21 | 2010-02-26 | Benzing Lueftungssysteme Gmbh | Heat recovery unit. |
RU2328683C2 (en) | 2006-07-20 | 2008-07-10 | Евгений Дмитриевич Виноградов | "виз" plate recuperator |
CN201269705Y (en) | 2008-08-21 | 2009-07-08 | 西安石油大学 | Internal and external fins intensified heat-transmission heat exchanger of recuperator tube |
WO2010076574A2 (en) * | 2009-01-02 | 2010-07-08 | Envirovent Limited | Heat exchanger module |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
RU2568094C1 (en) * | 2014-07-24 | 2015-11-10 | Открытое акционерное общество "ИНСОЛАР-ИНВЕСТ" | Supply and exhaust ventilation device with heat recovery |
WO2016074660A1 (en) * | 2014-11-12 | 2016-05-19 | Tbm Gmbh | Rotary heat exchanger device |
CN107208922A (en) * | 2014-11-12 | 2017-09-26 | Tbm有限公司 | Rotary heat exchanger device |
CN107208922B (en) * | 2014-11-12 | 2019-12-24 | Tbm有限公司 | Rotary heat exchanger device |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
LT2010064A (en) | 2012-03-26 |
EP2614313A1 (en) | 2013-07-17 |
LT5829B (en) | 2012-05-25 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
CN211476220U (en) | Photovoltaic new trend integration building wall structure | |
WO2012032422A1 (en) | Decentralized recuperator | |
WO2021085950A2 (en) | Window-type heat exchange ventilation device | |
CN210220142U (en) | Split type wall fresh air machine | |
KR20190133884A (en) | Micro HVAC(Heat, Ventilating, and Air Conditioning) system | |
CN207540076U (en) | A kind of window purifier | |
CN110867741A (en) | Outdoor low-voltage distribution cabinet with anticollision institution | |
KR100696070B1 (en) | Indoors ventilation system for a structure | |
CN213272913U (en) | Air conditioner | |
CN114777558A (en) | High-efficiency external condensation heat exchanger for central air conditioner | |
JP3022831B2 (en) | Ventilation equipment | |
RU2664961C1 (en) | Supply ventilation device | |
CN202284837U (en) | Energy-saving air conditioner air exchanging purification device of contagious ward | |
CN111189557A (en) | Wide-range outdoor temperature transmitter | |
CN201811393U (en) | Energy-saving fresh air exchange device | |
CN205156204U (en) | Device for function is handled with go along with sb. to guard him crossing function piece with building | |
CN218295995U (en) | Fresh air processing system | |
CN218295964U (en) | Air treatment system | |
CN214700911U (en) | Energy-saving heating and ventilating heating device | |
CN215379655U (en) | Frequency conversion cabinet cooling device for special cellucotton production workshop | |
CN214250064U (en) | Heat supply ventilation air port device capable of preventing condensation water from occurring | |
CN217031509U (en) | Adjust device in passive form house carbon | |
CN110685378B (en) | Low-cost green building environmental protection multifunctional wall | |
CN210802147U (en) | Gas stove heat exchanger | |
CN207831280U (en) | A kind of high-efficiency heat radiation structure of energy-conserving intelligent lighting control module |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application |
Ref document number: 11728957 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |
|
NENP | Non-entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: DE |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 2011728957 Country of ref document: EP |