EP2608711A2 - Capteur de pression intraoculaire - Google Patents

Capteur de pression intraoculaire

Info

Publication number
EP2608711A2
EP2608711A2 EP11744015.6A EP11744015A EP2608711A2 EP 2608711 A2 EP2608711 A2 EP 2608711A2 EP 11744015 A EP11744015 A EP 11744015A EP 2608711 A2 EP2608711 A2 EP 2608711A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
measuring device
sclera
measuring
housing
eye
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP11744015.6A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Max Ostermeier
Stefan Meyer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Implandata Ophthalmic Products GmbH
Original Assignee
Implandata Ophthalmic Products GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Implandata Ophthalmic Products GmbH filed Critical Implandata Ophthalmic Products GmbH
Publication of EP2608711A2 publication Critical patent/EP2608711A2/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B3/00—Apparatus for testing the eyes; Instruments for examining the eyes
    • A61B3/10—Objective types, i.e. instruments for examining the eyes independent of the patients' perceptions or reactions
    • A61B3/16—Objective types, i.e. instruments for examining the eyes independent of the patients' perceptions or reactions for measuring intraocular pressure, e.g. tonometers
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/07—Endoradiosondes
    • A61B5/076—Permanent implantations
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/68—Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient
    • A61B5/6801—Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient specially adapted to be attached to or worn on the body surface
    • A61B5/6813—Specially adapted to be attached to a specific body part
    • A61B5/6814—Head
    • A61B5/6821—Eye

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an implantable measuring device for intraocular pressure measurement on an ocular sclera, with pressure-transmitting housing for biocompatible contacting of the ocular sclera embedded pressure sensor means having at least one, preferably substantially planar, pressure sensor surface.
  • Such a measuring device is known from DE 10 2004 056 757 A1.
  • the measuring device allows the measurement of intraocular pressure in an easily accessible place in the eye, namely extraskleral, so by attaching to the eye sclera.
  • the measuring device is applied under the conjunctiva to the eye sclera.
  • the use of generic measuring devices for extraocular intraocular pressure measurement has the advantage that the implanting of the measuring device is less invasive and can therefore be carried out as part of a routine intervention specifically for the implantation of the measuring device.
  • intraocular implants are usually used only when surgery for eye surgery is typically required for surgical treatment of cataracts.
  • the known implantable measuring devices for extraocular intraocular pressure measurement according to DE 10 2004 056 757 A1 are based on the measuring principle used for the pressure measurement that a microchip containing a capacitive pressure sensor together with suitable electronics is enveloped by a flexible sheath filled with silicone-based gel or oil.
  • the known measuring device is fixed on the outer surface of the eye sclera in the region of the parsplana between two eye muscles, using a plate designed for example as an acrylic plate, wherein the plate serves as an abutment in the pressure measurement.
  • a disadvantage of the known measuring device is that when fixing the known measuring device on the eye sclera on the basis of serving as an abutment acrylic plate, the liquid-filled, the pressure sensor in oil or gel containing non-rigid shell using the acrylic plate with a force on the eye sclera is pressed, the depends on the concrete fixation and is variable. With disadvantage, a pressure measurement is therefore possible only after expensive two or Mehrticiankalibrationen.
  • the pressure within the oil- or gel-filled envelope is composed of the force to be measured as a measure of the intraocular pressure acting on the contents of the flexible sheath via the ocular sclera and the force with which the sheath is pressed onto the ocular sclera.
  • the contact surface between this pillow and the Augensklera which is effective for transmitting pressure in the pillow and thus on the pressure sensors contained therein is also variable depending on the type of concrete fixation and the resulting contact pressure.
  • a defined pressure measurement is therefore only possible with a disadvantage after a corresponding complex calibration of the measured values.
  • the overall arrangement to be implanted on the ocular sclera for the intraocular pressure measurement is disadvantageously comparatively complex.
  • the present invention is based on the object to provide an implantable measuring device for intraocular pressure measurement of the type mentioned, which allows circumventing the disadvantages of the prior art, a reliable measurement of intraocular pressure at a simple operatively as possible usability.
  • the housing is designed dimensionally stable elastic.
  • the housing for contacting the ocular sclera can be given a defined contour, which essentially remains intact in the pressure and force relationships usually occurring at the ocular sclera in connection with the intraocular pressure measurement.
  • the choice of an elastic housing is delimited from the known in the prior art flexible housing in the form of a filled with liquid or gel pad.
  • the calibration of the measurement can advantageously be considerably simplified if defined reference areas for the transmission of intraocular pressure from the ocular sclera to the pressure-transmitting housing can be achieved due to a predetermined outer contour of the housing.
  • An elastic housing in this context has the advantage that, although a transmission of the prevailing in the ocular sclera intraocular pressure on the housing and thus on the pressure sensor embedded therein, but that while the outer contour of the housing is substantially maintained.
  • Decisive for carrying out the measurement is of course that the measuring device according to the invention is fixed in a suitable manner to the ocular sclera.
  • a provided for contacting with the eye sclera contacting surface of the housing has a substantially adapted to produce a positive connection with the eye sclera concave surface contour.
  • the surface contour of the contacting surface for producing a positive connection with an average eye sclera of a group of patients, in which the measuring device is to be used formed.
  • use is made of the fact that the variability of the surface contour of the ocular sclera is small within certain patient groups.
  • an inventive measuring device can be manufactured in series for a collective of patients according to the invention with advantage without an individual adaptation is required.
  • a curvature of the contacting surface may be smaller than a curvature of the eye sclera in the contacting region. If one assumes a spherical shape, then the surface radius of the contacting surface is greater than the radius of the eye sclera in the contacting region.
  • the measuring device according to the invention is pressed with a small contact force on the eye sclera.
  • the contact force is absorbed by the structures surrounding the measuring device, since the eye sclera adapts to the contour of the implant.
  • the force exerted on the ocular sclera due to the fixation of the measuring device on the ocular sclera by means of surgical threads is also reduced by the fact that the surface radius of the concave contour of the implant is made slightly larger than the radius of the surface to be touched on the eye.
  • the contacting surface in an environment of the pressure sensor means having a measuring surface portion having a substantially planar surface contour one advantageously achieves a well-defined pressure-sensitive surface for the pressure measurement as a prerequisite for performing a real pressure measurement in contrast to a simple force measurement , Because when applying the measuring device according to the invention according to this special embodiment on the ocular sclera according to the invention the eye sclera is relaxed only in the measuring surface section by applying a defined force, so that the intraocular pressure on the measuring surface portion is transmitted to the housing and thus to the pressure sensor embedded therein.
  • the contacting surface of the housing in particular basically has a surface contour adapted to the eye sclera, which is planar only in the area of the measuring surface section
  • the implantable measuring device according to the invention can always be applied in the measuring surface section in such a defined manner that a defined relaxed zone of the Ocular sclera arises. Because one pushes the plane measuring surface section as far as the eye sclera until the adjoining the plane measuring surface portion sections of the contacting surface of the housing form-fitting cling to the eye sclera.
  • this geometry makes it possible, on the one hand, to generate a defined relaxed zone within which the eye sclera is relaxed.
  • the pressure-transmitting surface portion is always limited to those of the planar measuring surface portion, so that the evaluation of the measurement simplifying defined, reproducible conditions are ensured.
  • the contact pressure with which the measuring surface section is pressed onto the ocular sclera naturally depends on the intraocular pressure within the ocular sclera according to the measuring principle.
  • a further preferred embodiment of the invention provides that a surface normal of the measuring surface section is arranged substantially parallel to a surface normal of the pressure sensor surface.
  • a microchip comprising the pressure sensor means is embedded in the elastic housing according to the invention in such a way that the pressure sensor surface is aligned parallel to the surface of the measuring surface section in the area of the contacting surface of the housing.
  • a transfer of intraocular pressure from the ocular sclera via the measuring surface section into the housing thus advantageously leads to linear deflections of the pressure sensor means, in particular if these are designed as pressure membranes.
  • the pressure sensors can be designed in particular capacitively or piezoresistively, wherein the use of a pressure membrane is decisive for the linearity of the measurement.
  • an extension of the measuring surface section can essentially correspond to an extension of the pressure sensor surface. Artifacts and edge effects in pressure measurement can be effectively minimized in this way with advantage.
  • the contacting surface has a neutralizing surface section which adjoins the measuring surface section and surrounds it in a ring-like manner, with a substantially planar surface contour. It is meant by ring-like any closed surface form. In particular, this term is not intended to be limited to circular disk-shaped neutralization surface sections.
  • the beneficial effect of the neutralization surface portion is seen in the minimization or elimination of artifacts and edge effects in the transition region from the flattened region to the region adapted to the ocular sclera contour.
  • the housing is designed rubber-elastic.
  • silicone rubber has proven suitable for the production of the housing in the context of the invention.
  • Decisive in the choice of material for the housing is on the one hand its biocompatibility and on the other hand its suitability for the transmission of pressure to the pressure sensor embedded in the housing, according to the invention additionally an elasticity in the sense of dimensional stability is needed.
  • a preferred embodiment of the invention provides that fastening means are provided for attaching the measuring device to the eye sclera.
  • fastening means are provided for attaching the measuring device to the eye sclera.
  • a fixation for example by sewing, can be achieved on the ocular sclera, without it, as in the related art, a separate, simultaneously serving as an abutment for the pressure measurement component in the form of an acrylic plate needed.
  • the fastening means may comprise barbs.
  • the fastening means comprise eye-like openings for performing a thread connected to the eye sclera or the like.
  • eyelet-like openings arranged in pairs symmetrically with one another, in particular two or four, are provided.
  • the device according to the invention can advantageously be fixed to the ocular sclera in such a way that the fixing forces are balanced in order to achieve a form-locking connection between the contact surface and the ocular sclera.
  • suture eyelets for surgical sutures may be provided on the measuring device according to the invention.
  • the contacting surface (8) is provided with an adhesive for producing an adhesive connection with the ocular sclera and / or is produced from a substance which is self-adhesive on the ocular sclera.
  • the fastening means are designed as separate from the housing, with this, in particular mechanically, connected fastening module, wherein the fastening module is in particular designed as a hollow cylinder and / or is preferably made of a less elastic material than the housing can to simplify the production.
  • the attachment module can be made of another, for example, firmer, material than the housing.
  • the housing does not have to have fixing means for attachment to the ocular sclera and can therefore be optimized with respect to the design for the interests of the actual, artifact-free internal ocular pressure measurement in the aforementioned sense.
  • a telemetry device in particular comprising an inductive coil
  • an electrical telemetry device which is integrated in the same chip which also contains the pressure sensor, can be used.
  • the electronic components of the telemetry device may preferably be contacted with the inductive coil by bonding directly electronically.
  • the at least one pressure sensor can be located on one side and the inductive coil on the other side of the flat microchip body.
  • the pressure sensor and the inductive coil can also be provided on the same surface side of the microchip body.
  • the coil may be formed as a planar coil or as a deformable wound coil.
  • the coil may be processed by microsystem techniques, e.g. mikrogalvanisch, in particular produced photolithographically.
  • the detection of the pressure measured values determined by the measuring device according to the invention can be carried out with a telemetric interrogator which communicates with the telemetry device of the measuring device.
  • the telemetric interrogator is usefully arranged outside the ocular sclera or outside the eye and, in particular, extracorporeally.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic side view of an implantable measuring device fixed laterally to an eye sclera according to a first embodiment of the invention
  • FIG. 2 enlarged detail of region II according to FIG. 1: FIG.
  • FIG. 3 shows a perspective view obliquely from above on the side of the eye sclera remote from a second embodiment of the invention
  • FIG. 4 shows a detail of a plan view in the direction of the arrow IV on the side of the measuring device according to FIG. 3 facing the eye sclera.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of an implantable measuring device 1 which is fixed to an eye sclera 2 laterally in the vicinity of the pars plana or behind the pars plana.
  • the figure further schematically shows the cornea 3 of the eyeball 4.
  • the intraocular pressure prevailing inside the ocular sclera 2 is schematically symbolized by arrows.
  • FIG. 2 shows an enlarged detail of the region II in FIG. 1 for a more detailed explanation of the structure of the implanted measuring device 1.
  • the implantable measuring device consists essentially of an ASIC 5, which is embedded in a housing 6.
  • the housing 6 consists for example of silicone rubber or another biocompatible rubber-elastic material.
  • the ASIC 5 is known per se. Its structure is described for example in DE 10 2004 056 757 A1.
  • the ASIC 5 shown in FIG. 2 has pressure membranes 7 which, as known in the prior art, convert deflections into a pressure measurement value, for example according to a capacitive measuring method.
  • a telemetry device and an inductive coil are included on the ASIC 5 in a known manner to transmit pressure readings wirelessly to an extracorporeal telemetry interrogator.
  • the pressure sensor may likewise be arranged separately from the telemetry device and / or other electronic components on a separate substrate.
  • the ASIC does not necessarily have to include a pressure sensor. Instead, it is also possible within the scope of the invention for a pressure sensor to be designed separately from an ASIC and to be connected thereto, for example via a cable connection or in another known manner.
  • a contacting surface 8 of the housing 6 is placed on the eye sclera 2 of the eyeball 4.
  • the housing 6 is dimensionally stable and elastic.
  • the contacting surface 8 is adapted concavely with respect to the basic shape to the shape of the eye sclera 2, so that in the applied state shown in the figures, the contacting surface 8 is positively connected to the eye sclera 2.
  • the contacting surface 8 is substantially planar in the region of a measuring surface section 9. The orientation of the planar measuring surface section 9 is selected parallel to the orientation of the pressure membranes 7.
  • the contacting surface 8 of the housing 6 made of silicone rubber has a planar neutralizing surface section 10.
  • the neutralizing surface section 10 surrounds the measuring surface section 9 in the manner of a ring and forms the transition between the measuring surface section 9 and the contacting surface 8 adapted to the contour of the ocular sclera 2.
  • the measuring surface section 9 corresponds in terms of its extent to the extent of the area of the ASIC 5 encompassing the pressure membranes 7.
  • the measuring device 1 has in the rubber-elastic housing 6 suture eyelets 11 which are fixed to the contacting surface 8 opposite outer surface 12 of the housing 6.
  • the measuring device 1 is fixed via the suture eyelets 11 on the outer surface 12 of the housing 6 with surgical sutures 13 on the eye sclera 2.
  • the suture eyelets 11 for receiving the surgical sutures 13 are arranged symmetrically such that a uniform fixation of the housing 6 is ensured on the ocular sclera, wherein in the region of the contacting surface 8 substantially a positive connection with the eye sclera 2 exists.
  • the structure of the ASIC 5 can also be greater than e.g. 0.7 mm, in contrast to the structure of the known ASIC according to DE 10 2004 056 757 A1.
  • the measuring surface section 9 can advantageously only have a diameter of approximately 2 mm. Due to the fact that applanation of the eye sclera 2 takes place only in the region of the measuring surface section 9, the tensile forces on the surgical threads 13 can advantageously be kept low in order to avoid or make the detachment of the measuring device 1 according to the invention from the eye sclera 2 less probable.
  • the total diameter of the applanated region composed of the measuring surface section 9 and the neutralizing surface section 10 is preferably approximately 3 mm according to this exemplary embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 3 shows another embodiment of an implantable measuring device 100 according to the invention in a perspective view with a view towards the side facing away from the eye sclera.
  • the measuring device 100 for intraocular pressure measurement is designed in two parts. Namely, the measuring device 100 comprises, on the one hand, a measuring module 101 and, on the other hand, a fastening module 102 configured separately from the measuring module 101.
  • the measuring module 101 is, with regard to the implemented functions and essential properties, corresponding to the measuring device explained in detail above with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2 1 designed.
  • FIG. 4 which shows a plane plan view in the direction of the arrow IV according to FIG. 3 on the side of the measuring module 101 facing the ocular sclera
  • the underside has a contacting surface 108.
  • the contacting surface 108 of the measuring module 101 of the measuring device 100 in the embodiment described here is analogous to the contacting surface 8 with respect to Figures 1 and 2 described embodiment of the invention with respect to the basic shape concave adapted to the shape of the ocular sclera, so that in imprinted on the eye sclera Condition the contacting surface 108 is positively connected to the eye sclera.
  • the contacting surface 108 Analogous to the contacting surface 8 in the first embodiment described above, the contacting surface 108 according to the invention, however, a measuring surface portion 109, which is configured substantially flat.
  • the orientation of the planar measuring surface section 109 is parallel to the orientation of the pressure membranes not recognizable in the figure.
  • the measuring surface section 109 is, as can be seen in FIG. 4, surrounded by a planing neutralization surface section 110, which is also plan-shaped.
  • the measuring module 101 is made, for example, of silicone rubber or another biocompatible, rubber-elastic material. Decisive in the choice of material is that the measuring module 101 is dimensionally stable elastic designed to ensure the shape of the contacting surface and the measuring surface portion 109 and the neutralization surface portion 110.
  • the shape of the contacting surface 108 of the measuring module 101 adapted to the curvature of the ocular sclera can be seen particularly well in FIG.
  • the mounting module 102 is in the form of a hollow cylinder. As indicated in FIGS. 3 and 4, the fastening module 102 is fastened to the side of the measuring module 101 facing away from the eye sclera and rests on it.
  • the hollow cylindrical attachment module 102 projects beyond the measurement module 101, which in the embodiment described here has the shape of a circle segment in the vertical projection.
  • the fastening module 102 is made in a preferred embodiment of a stronger material than the measuring module 101.
  • the mounting module 102 may be made of acrylic.
  • connection between the fastening module 102 and the measuring module 101 can also be realized in other ways, for example by gluing or the like, without departing from the scope of the invention.
  • the measuring device 100 When implanting the measuring device 100 according to the invention according to the embodiment according to FIGS. 3 and 4, it can be fastened to the ocular sclera by fastening the section of the fastening module 102 projecting beyond the measuring module 101 to the ocular sclera in a suitable manner known per se to a person skilled in the art. Due to the attachment of the fastening module 102 to the ocular sclera, a defined contact pressure of the measuring module 101 on the ocular sclera takes place analogously to the manner outlined with reference to the embodiment described in FIGS. 1 and 2. In this case, the special surface shaping of the contacting surface 108 with the measuring surface section 109 and the neutralizing surface section 110 surrounding the measuring surface section 109 in turn ensures the formation of a defined planar region, with the advantages according to the invention described above.
  • the two-part embodiment of the measuring device 100 according to FIGS. 3 and 4 can advantageously decouple the attachment of the measuring module 101 to the ocular sclera functionally from the technical requirements with regard to the intraocular pressure measurement.
  • the attachment module 102 may be made of a stronger material than the measurement module 101. Nevertheless, due to the shape of the contact surface 108 of the measurement module 101 contacting the ocular sclera, an artifact-free pressure measurement is advantageously possible.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Medical Informatics (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Surgery (AREA)
  • Biophysics (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Ophthalmology & Optometry (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Prostheses (AREA)
  • Eye Examination Apparatus (AREA)
  • Measuring And Recording Apparatus For Diagnosis (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un dispositif de mesure implantable (1) conçu pour mesurer une pression intraoculaire au niveau de la sclérotique (2) de l'oeil, comprenant un boîtier (6) qui peut transmettre la pression et qui permet de mettre en contact de manière biocompatible la sclérotique (2) de l'oeil et des capteurs de pression (5, 7) intégrés présentant de préférence au moins une surface de détection de pression (7) sensiblement plane. L'objectif de la présente invention est de mettre au point un tel dispositif de mesure qui, tout en évitant les inconvénients de l'état de la technique, permette de réaliser une mesure fiable de la pression intraoculaire et puisse être utilisé de la manière la plus simple possible d'un point de vue chirurgical. A cette fin, ledit boîtier (6) présente une conception élastique indéformable.
EP11744015.6A 2010-08-25 2011-08-15 Capteur de pression intraoculaire Withdrawn EP2608711A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102010035294A DE102010035294A1 (de) 2010-08-25 2010-08-25 Sklera-Sensor
PCT/EP2011/064021 WO2012025415A2 (fr) 2010-08-25 2011-08-15 Capteur scléral

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2608711A2 true EP2608711A2 (fr) 2013-07-03

Family

ID=44514719

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP11744015.6A Withdrawn EP2608711A2 (fr) 2010-08-25 2011-08-15 Capteur de pression intraoculaire

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US20130150699A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP2608711A2 (fr)
JP (1) JP5885745B2 (fr)
AU (1) AU2011295177B2 (fr)
CA (1) CA2809206C (fr)
DE (1) DE102010035294A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2012025415A2 (fr)

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EP2755549A1 (fr) 2011-09-13 2014-07-23 Dose Medical Corporation Capteur physiologique intra-oculaire
DE102012100441A1 (de) 2012-01-19 2013-07-25 Implandata Ophthalmic Products Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur kontinuierlichen Messung von Intraokulardrücken
US9730638B2 (en) 2013-03-13 2017-08-15 Glaukos Corporation Intraocular physiological sensor
US9557884B2 (en) 2013-10-22 2017-01-31 Linkedin Corporation System for generating a user interface for a social network and method therefor
DE102014212457A1 (de) * 2014-06-27 2015-12-31 Implandata Ophthalmic Products Gmbh Implantat zur Bestimmung des Augeninnendrucks
FR3031898B1 (fr) * 2015-01-28 2017-02-24 Commissariat Energie Atomique Dispositif et methode de rehabilitation prothetique de la retine
WO2017156050A1 (fr) 2016-03-09 2017-09-14 Equinox, Llc Traitement thérapeutique de l'œil utilisant des gaz
US11497399B2 (en) 2016-05-31 2022-11-15 Qura, Inc. Implantable intraocular pressure sensors and methods of use
CN108992038B (zh) * 2018-08-10 2023-07-25 清华大学 眼压监测系统及眼压监测方法

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DE102005002791A1 (de) * 2005-01-20 2006-08-03 Mesotec Gmbh Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Einstellung von intraokularem Druck
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2012025415A3 (fr) 2012-05-10
JP5885745B2 (ja) 2016-03-15
JP2013538089A (ja) 2013-10-10
CA2809206A1 (fr) 2012-03-01
CA2809206C (fr) 2018-07-17
WO2012025415A2 (fr) 2012-03-01
AU2011295177A1 (en) 2013-02-28
AU2011295177B2 (en) 2014-05-29
US20130150699A1 (en) 2013-06-13
DE102010035294A1 (de) 2011-12-22

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