EP2608632A1 - Electrical heating device and frame for same - Google Patents
Electrical heating device and frame for same Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2608632A1 EP2608632A1 EP11010085.6A EP11010085A EP2608632A1 EP 2608632 A1 EP2608632 A1 EP 2608632A1 EP 11010085 A EP11010085 A EP 11010085A EP 2608632 A1 EP2608632 A1 EP 2608632A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- frame
- elements
- corrugated
- passage
- heated
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
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- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 claims description 11
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Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
- H05B3/40—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes
- H05B3/42—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes non-flexible
- H05B3/48—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes non-flexible heating conductor embedded in insulating material
- H05B3/50—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes non-flexible heating conductor embedded in insulating material heating conductor arranged in metal tubes, the radiating surface having heat-conducting fins
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H1/00—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters
- F24H1/0018—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters using electric energy supply
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H3/00—Air heaters
- F24H3/02—Air heaters with forced circulation
- F24H3/04—Air heaters with forced circulation the air being in direct contact with the heating medium, e.g. electric heating element
- F24H3/0405—Air heaters with forced circulation the air being in direct contact with the heating medium, e.g. electric heating element using electric energy supply, e.g. the heating medium being a resistive element; Heating by direct contact, i.e. with resistive elements, electrodes and fins being bonded together without additional element in-between
- F24H3/0429—For vehicles
- F24H3/0452—Frame constructions
- F24H3/047—Multiple-piece frames assembled on their four or more edges
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H3/00—Air heaters
- F24H3/02—Air heaters with forced circulation
- F24H3/06—Air heaters with forced circulation the air being kept separate from the heating medium, e.g. using forced circulation of air over radiators
- F24H3/062—Air heaters with forced circulation the air being kept separate from the heating medium, e.g. using forced circulation of air over radiators using electric energy supply; the heating medium being the resistive element
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H9/00—Details
- F24H9/18—Arrangement or mounting of grates or heating means
- F24H9/1854—Arrangement or mounting of grates or heating means for air heaters
- F24H9/1863—Arrangement or mounting of electric heating means
- F24H9/1872—PTC
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
- H05B2203/02—Heaters using heating elements having a positive temperature coefficient
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
- H05B2203/022—Heaters specially adapted for heating gaseous material
- H05B2203/023—Heaters of the type used for electrically heating the air blown in a vehicle compartment by the vehicle heating system
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an electric heater with a frame which forms openings on opposite sides for the passage of a medium to be heated.
- the electric heater further has a layer structure disposed in the frame. This has in a direction transverse to the direction of passage of the medium to be heated a plurality of layers, which are formed by corrugated fin elements and at least one heat-generating element.
- the heat-generating element comprises at least one arranged between parallel contact plates PTC element.
- Such an electric heater is for example from the DE 199 11 547 . US 5,854,471 . EP 0 350 528 or DE 197 06 199 known.
- the problem with generic electric heaters is that the resistance of the PTC elements rises sharply with increasing temperature and heating power, so that the power output of the PTC elements is reduced.
- the electric heaters since the electric heaters are to be used in particular in motor vehicles, they must have a compact design, so that the proposal to arrange two conventionally designed electric heaters in flow or passage direction of the medium to be heated in a HVAC, must be discarded, because this runs counter to the requirement of a compact design.
- the EP 2 161 514 A1 proposes to arrange a plurality of corrugated rib elements in the flow direction of the flow of air to be heated in a row and to receive within a single frame.
- at least two heating blocks are arranged one behind the other in the direction of passage of the air to be heated.
- the heating blocks are provided at least offset, ie the heat generating elements of the individual heating blocks are in the direction of passage of the medium to be heated not immediately after each other. Rather, these have a transverse distance from each other in this direction of passage with otherwise parallel alignment of the layers of the various heating blocks relative to each other.
- the heat generating elements of a heating block lie centrally behind the corrugated fin elements of the other heating block.
- the proposal can be after the EP 2 161 514 A1 obviously, from the consideration that the heated air leaving the upstream direction of the heating block immediately after the heat generating element has undergone the strongest heating, whereas the central area in the direction of extent of the individual corrugated elements is only due to the greatest distance of this center from the heat generating element leads to a relatively low heating of the air, so that this relatively cool air to impinge on the view of the most intense heating causing area of the subsequent heating block.
- the present invention is based on the problem of specifying an electric heater with an increased heating power.
- the present invention intends to specify a scalable electrical heating device, ie such a heating device, which can be adapted without great effort to different heating powers.
- the present invention further seeks to provide a frame with which a corresponding heating device can be realized in an economical manner.
- the present invention provides an electric heater having the features of claim 1.
- This differs from the generic state of the art in that in the direction of passage of the medium to be heated at least two corrugated rib elements are arranged one behind the other, whose corrugated ribs are arranged offset transversely to the direction of passage of the medium to be heated.
- the corrugated ribs of the elements arranged one behind the other in different directions in the flow direction can be seen at the level of the corrugated rib elements arranged one behind the other.
- the individual corrugated ribs shade accordingly only slightly.
- the transition from the corrugated rib provided on an input plane to the underlying corrugated rib achieves a rearrangement of the flow in that the flow path is changed by the corrugations arranged offset.
- the result is a turbulent flow at the transition between the two staggered corrugated fin elements, which leads to improved heat transfer from the corrugated fins to the medium to be heated.
- the heat conduction is increased by at least 5% with otherwise identical components.
- each of the successive corrugated rib elements to be arranged offset to that in the direction of flow in front of it.
- all corrugated rib elements are preferably provided so that their corrugated fins are provided in total offset from each other.
- the corresponding measure results in a very effective heat transfer between the corrugated fin elements and the medium to be heated in a layer of layer structure, which are usually formed by elements with identical function of the heating block, which are arranged in the passage direction of the medium to be heated exactly behind each other.
- the formulation of the application request can be guided by the idea that the medium passes through the frame at right angles to those surfaces which form the openings for the passage of the medium to be heated.
- the frame is usually formed by an embodiment which surrounds the layer structure at least on both end sides, preferably in full circumference however, one or more sufficiently large openings are formed at the sides extending at right angles to this circumferential enclosure, which usually leave the corrugated fin elements completely or at least predominantly exposed, so that they can be completely or almost completely flown by the medium to be heated.
- the openings can be reinforced or interspersed by transverse or longitudinal struts.
- Longitudinal struts usually extend parallel to the layers of the layer structure and regularly at the height of the heat generating elements, whereas cross struts extend at right angles thereto and serve the mechanical stiffening of the frame, especially if - as in a preferred embodiment of the present invention - the heating block or layer structure is held by one or more integrated in the layer structure springs in the frame under prestress, so that the elements of the layer structure are placed together only by the clamping force of the spring element.
- This clamping force causes on the one hand a good electrical contact between the parallel contact plates and the PTC elements or the interposed therebetween and on the other hand a good thermal contact between the heat-emitting elements and the adjacent thereto and pressed by the spring force against corrugated fins elements.
- the layer structure of the electric heater is designed with a view to the most economical production of each identical elements. If several heat-generating elements are parts of the layer structure, these are each formed identically.
- the corrugated rib elements which are arranged one behind the other in a plane and the corrugated rib elements which are stacked one above the other in the layer structure and optionally arranged with the interposition of a heat-generating element are each of identical design.
- the corrugated fin elements may each have a different thickness, i. Extension in the flow direction of the medium to be heated, so that in each case the optimum size is given for the required heating power, especially the thickness of the heating block. According to the thickness of the corrugated fin elements, the corrugated fin elements respectively associated heat generating elements are usually formed.
- corrugated rib elements are located on different sides of a heat generating element.
- usually at least four corrugated rib elements are attached to a single heat-generating element.
- This Heat-generating element does not necessarily have to be made as a unitary heat-generating element, with a corresponding design being preferred.
- all the PTC elements are provided in a uniform position frame, which is covered on top and bottom with contact plates against which the corrugated rib elements abut directly or indirectly.
- the number of corrugated rib elements successively provided in correspondence with the corrugated fin elements is directly or preferably separated by an insulating layer, e.g. B. from a plastic film and / or a ceramic layer indirectly to the there provided contact plate. The same applies to the opposite side.
- the heat generating elements adjacent to each other in the height direction are preferably spaced from each other by two corrugated fin members of identical configuration.
- the height distance of adjacent heat generating elements corresponds to twice the height of the corrugated fin element.
- each of the corrugated rib elements arranged one behind the other in the direction of passage is assigned separate PTC elements.
- the individual corrugated rib elements ie those corrugated rib elements which are provided strictly one behind the other in the direction of passage, ie arranged in successive planes, define one layer.
- a corresponding plane usually has approximately the dimension corresponding to a thickness of the corrugated rib element in the direction of passage.
- an embodiment is determined in which adjacent in the height direction of the layer structure in a plane and different layers arranged corrugated fins each receive the or those these corrugated fins associated PTC element between them.
- the corresponding PTC elements usually lie within the front and rear sides predetermined by the corrugated rib elements, whereby in the first approximation it is readily possible to grasp that these front and back sides of all corrugated rib elements of a plane substantially coincide.
- PTC elements are located within an envelope surface defining the two corrugated fin elements associated with the PTC element, preferably defined solely by the corrugated fins of these corrugated fin elements. Accordingly, in sectional view, the PTC elements always lie exactly between the corrugated fin elements assigned to them, whereby a thermal interaction between the corrugated ribs and heat-generating elements provided on different planes is substantially prevented.
- the PTC elements are arranged in a uniform, over several levels extending heat generating element. Accordingly, the plurality of corrugated fin elements provided at different levels only bridge portions of this uniform heat generating element associated with these corrugated fin elements.
- the heat-generating element accordingly has in the width direction, ie passage direction of the medium to be heated, an extension which corresponds to a multiple of the width of one of the corrugated fin elements corresponding to the number of corrugated fin elements successively provided in the flow direction.
- corrugated fin elements for electric heaters of different heat output can be used identically. In each case identical corrugated rib elements are provided, regardless of whether heat generating elements are provided only in one or more planes.
- corrugated rib elements to the necessary heating power takes place merely by displacing the usually elongated corrugated rib elements relative to one another, so that the corrugated ribs of the corrugated rib elements are provided offset from one another.
- the heat generating elements are adapted directly to the necessary heating power.
- An electrical heating device with corrugated fin elements provided only in two planes then has a heat-generating element which extends over these two planes in the direction of passage of the medium to be heated, whereas an electric heating device equipped with three corrugated fin elements arranged one behind the other has a heat-generating element, which corresponds in width to three times the width of the corrugated fin members, so that these three corrugated fin members provided in a plane can be brought into abutment with the unitary heat generating member.
- the corrugated fin elements are provided on one side with cover elements. These covering elements cover at one end face the arcuate region of a meandering metal strip, which generally forms the corrugated rib element. Furthermore, the cover elements can easily grasp the corrugated ribs at the edge on their front or rear sides and can be positively and / or positively connected to the corrugated ribs by bending over.
- the heat-generating element is provided according to the preferred development on one side with a sheet covering the contact plates.
- On this side of the heat-generating element are usually the curved ends of the meandering metal strip of the corrugated fin element directly to the sheet metal cover.
- the cover elements provided on the corrugated fin elements are preferably applied indirectly to the contact plate of the heat-generating element provided there, preferably with the interposition of an insulating layer. Thereafter, the clamping force of the layer structure in the frame at these points selectively applied contact pressure on the sheet metal cover on the one hand and the cover is equalized on the other hand.
- Such homogenization is particularly advantageous if an insulating layer is provided between the contact plate and the sheet metal cover or the cover, so that the corrugated fin elements are provided floating in the electric heater and not directly electrically connected to the electrical traces to the PTC elements ,
- the present invention proposes a frame for an electric heater with the features of claim 9. This frame and its developments also form the electric heater as such.
- the frame has two frame members forming the openings and at least one intermediate frame member therebetween.
- These elements of the frame ie the frame members and the at least one intermediate frame member are interconnected via interlocking locking lugs, so that, for example, the intermediate frame member for pre-assembly of one of the frame elements assigned by latching and the frame as a whole can be closed by latching.
- the locking elements are also designed so that the frame can be formed and closed solely by the frame members.
- a plurality of frame intermediate elements may be inserted, which are each formed identically and which can be connected in each case by latching with the two frame elements.
- the frame according to the invention is furthermore designed so that a frame can be formed solely by the frame elements, which forms a receiving space for the layer structure in the passage opening of the medium to be heated, in which it can be accommodated, provided the layer structure in a generally known manner only one plane has corrugated ribs and heat generating elements.
- a layer structure is fitted in the receiving space substantially in the direction of passage, resulting in a compact structure in this direction.
- the frame according to the invention is further configured such that, in the case of a frame formed from the frame intermediate element, a receiving space extending in the direction of passage of the medium to be heated is formed, which as a rule is adapted to receive a layer structure comprising a plurality of levels of corrugated ribs and heat generating elements ,
- a layer structure formed from a plurality of corrugated rib elements arranged one behind the other in a position in the direction of passage, is accordingly fitted in the direction of penetration basically in this frame thus formed.
- Both frame designs accordingly allow a compact and space-saving recording of the respective layer structure.
- the frame elements can each be used identically, regardless of how many corrugated rib elements of a layer are arranged in different planes one behind the other. This broadening of the layer structure is only covered by the frame intermediate elements. In this case, a single frame intermediate element usually widens the receiving space exactly by the width amount that a corrugated rib element arranged in a further plane contributes.
- the frame members are each formed identically, ie can be manufactured in a single injection mold and joined by rotation relative to each other by 180 °. If a plurality of frame intermediate elements form the frame, these are also preferably formed identically.
- the outside of the frame elements and the frame intermediate element preferably have a holding element part. This holding element part projects beyond the outside and is formed in such a way that on a frame formed solely from the frame members and on a frame formed from the frame members and the frame intermediate member by cooperating retaining element parts, a holding element is formed. Accordingly, the holding element part only usually forms half of a complete holding element.
- the holding element part may in particular be hook-shaped in such a way that after joining the frame forming elements by cooperating holding element parts a hole is enclosed, in which a fastening screw can be introduced, for example, on the front side of the frame a mounting flange and / or a housing To attach control device to the electric heater.
- FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of an electric heater with a marked with reference numeral 2 power and a part marked with reference numeral 4 control part.
- the power part 2 and the control part 4 form a structural unit of the electric heater.
- the control part 4 is formed on the outside by a connection housing 6, which - in particular the representation according to FIG. 4 illustrates - from a shield 8, which is formed as, for example, deep-drawn or cast or deep-drawn metal shell, a plastic housing element 10, which is inserted into the metal shell 8, and a housing cover 12 is made.
- the housing cover 12 may overlap a free flange of the sheet metal trough 8 in the assembled state and be formed of metal, so that the interior of the control part 4 is completely shielded by a metallic terminal housing 6.
- the housing cover 12 may also be formed of plastic.
- the housing cover 12 carries a female connector housing 14 for the power current and another female and designed as a control connector housing 16 housing element. Both connector housings 14, 16 are connected as plastic elements with the metallic housing cover 12 and form guide and sliding surfaces for each unillustrated male connector element.
- the plastic housing element 10 receives a printed circuit board 18 in itself, which is partially covered by a pressure element 20, which will be explained in more detail below.
- the printed circuit board 18 is surmounted by a plus terminal plug contact 22 and a minus plug contact, which are exposed in the power plug housing and are electrically connected to the conductor track.
- the circuit board 18 also carries a control contact element containing control contact element 26, which is accessible via the control connector housing 16 by means of cables. How out FIG. 4
- the control connector housing 16 is arranged offset to the control contact element 26. This distance is justified by the installation situation of the electric heating device in the motor vehicle.
- the housing cover is further surmounted in the mounted state by a connection pin 28 for the ground connection, which is electrically connected to the shielding housing 8.
- the plastic housing member 10 forms two cooling channels 30 for heat sink 32, which in FIG. 4 just hinted at, while in the FIGS. 1 and 5 can be seen more clearly.
- the free end of the heat sink 32 includes a plurality of cooling webs extending substantially parallel to each other, each defining air passageways 34.
- the heat sink 32 are made of a good thermal conductivity material, such as aluminum or copper.
- omitted trough has - as in particular the FIGS. 1 and 4 illustrate, corresponding to the cooling channels 30 opposite passage openings 36 for air, which are provided as inlet and outlet openings to the cooling channels 30.
- These passage openings 36 are formed in the metal shell 8.
- In about the middle height in the longitudinal direction of the metal shell has 8 locking openings 38 which are penetrated by the final assembly of the control part 4 on the power part 2 of locking lugs 40 which are integrally formed with the power part 2 in a form-fitting engagement and on the outer edge of the plastic housing element 10.
- the metal shell 8 also has on opposite end faces each mounting holes 42, which will be discussed in more detail below.
- the power unit 2 has a frame 44, which in the embodiment according to FIG. 1 is circumferentially closed and a designated by reference numeral 46 layer structure, which is also referred to as a heating block, circumferentially surrounds.
- the frame 44 is formed from two frame members 48, which are locked together by latching connections, the reference numeral 50 (male latching element) and reference numeral 52 (female latching element), in particular in FIG. 16 Marked are.
- the frame 44 forms on opposite outer sides 54 each openings 56 for the passage of air to be heated of the air heater shown in the embodiment. These openings 56 are in the embodiment shown by Stiffened transverse struts 58, the opposite side edges of the frame 44 interconnect.
- the frame 44 defines in its interior a receiving space 60 which is adapted such that the layer structure 46 can be received in the frame 44 closely fitted.
- the heating block or layer structure 46 is essentially made of the in the Figures 10 and 13 formed heating rods 62 which are stacked in the receptacle 60 are arranged.
- the heating elements 62 consist of at least two corrugated fin elements 64, which receive a heat generating element 66 between them.
- the corrugated rib elements consist of meandering curved metal strips 68, which are covered on one side by a metal cover 70 and also bordered by a curved edge 72 of the sheet metal cover 70.
- the respective other upper side of the meandering bent sheet-metal strip 68 is free and is formed directly by arcuate free ends 74 of the sheet metal stiffener 68.
- heater rod 62 are in the direction of passage of the air to be heated, that is provided at right angles to the plane defined by the outer sides 54 surface of the frame 44, two corrugated fins 64 each side by side.
- This arrangement of corrugated fins 64 provided in succession in the direction of flow forms a layer.
- a corrugated fin element 64 per level E is provided in each position marked with the reference symbol L.
- S the flow direction of the air flow to be heated in FIG. 11 located. This firstly meets the first plane E1, ie the corrugated rib elements 64 of the first layer L1 and the second layer L2 provided in the first plane, and only thereafter onto the corrugated rib elements 64 provided in the second plane E2.
- the corrugated rib elements 64 are in the flow direction S. , ie, arranged at right angles to each other at right angles to the outside 54 defining the opening 56.
- the heat-generating element 66 forms a planar contact surface for the corrugated rib elements 64.
- FIG. 2 illustrates, the heat generating element 66 consists of several superimposed layers.
- the heat-generating element 66 has a substantially symmetrical construction, wherein in the middle of a marked with reference numeral 76 position frame of an electrically insulating material, in particular plastic is provided.
- the position frame 76 forms three shots in the present case 78 for PTC elements 80 off.
- a receptacle 78 accommodates a plurality of at least two PTC elements 80.
- the two outer receptacles 78 each receive four PTC elements 80.
- contact plates 82 are identical and formed from punched electrically conductive sheet.
- the contact plates 82 are placed on the PTC elements 80 as separate elements. These may additionally be provided with a vapor-deposited electrode layer, as is common practice. However, the electrode layer is not contact plate 82 in the sense of the invention.
- FIG. 11 illustrates, the associated with a plane E1 PTC element 80 within the front and rear sides of the associated corrugated fin elements 64.
- E1 PTC element 80 located between two provided in a layer L1 corrugated fin elements 64 no PTC element 80. This is a thermal interaction between the PTC elements of different levels E1, E2 avoided.
- the contact plates 82 are dimensioned such that they are indeed received within the position frame 76, but circumferentially spaced from the position frame 78 are arranged.
- the extent gap formed in this respect is in FIG. 11 denoted by reference numeral 84.
- a circumferential sealing groove 86 In approximately at the level of the contact plates 82 of the positioning frame 76 forms a circumferential sealing groove 86, in which an elastomeric adhesive edge 88 is filled as a torus.
- This adhesive edge 88 surrounds all receptacles 78 fully circumferentially and serves to bond an insulating layer identified by reference numeral 90, which in the present case is formed from an insulating plastic film and which extends to an edge region of the positioning frame 76, in each case overhanging the adhesive edge 88 in the circumferential direction.
- connection pieces 92 Access to the interior of the positioning frame 76 are provided solely on an end face of the positioning frame 76 and through its material integrally formed thereon connecting pieces 92 which surround a channel 94 for receiving pin-shaped contact elements 96 full extent.
- the connecting pieces 92 are made of a thermoplastic elastomer or PTFE sealing elements 98 formed with labyrinthine sealing structure, which can be connected by injection molding or plugging with the associated connection piece 92.
- Connecting piece 92 At the front of each position frame 76 are two Connecting piece 92 with identical design and seal provided for receiving two contact pins 96 for electrical contacting of the contact plates 82nd
- the contact plates 82 have been made by punching and bending female clip element receptacles 100 which are formed on laterally offset projections 102 of the contact plate 82, which projections 102 terminate within the given by the adhesive edge 88 border and respectively assigned and by the positioning frame 76th cover formed clip openings 104, 106.
- connection openings 92 opposite to the formed on the positioning frame 76 clip openings 106 are integrally formed thereon by the material of the positioning frame 76 clip webs 108 are provided.
- the configuration and the diameter of these clip webs 108 correspond to the diameter of a contact pin 96.
- the contact pins 96 are exposed in the clip openings 104 and are connected to the female clip element receptacles 100 of the contact plates 82, whereas on the opposite side the female clip element receptacles 100 project into the clip openings 106 and are locked with the clip webs 108.
- the clip connections described either by positioning the contact plates 82 in its installed position and subsequent insertion of the contact pins 96 through the channels 94 or by locking the female clip element receptacles 100 with the already in position contact pins 96th be realized.
- the heat generating element 66 is provided with a metal cover 110.
- This metal cover 110 covers the entire, the sheet metal cover 110 associated insulating layer 90 and has a peripheral edge 112 which frictionally rests against a peripheral edge surface 114 of the position frame 76 and, accordingly, the sheet metal cover 110 by biasing force on the position frame 76 secures (see also Fig. 11 ). Furthermore, the edge 112 ensures accurate positioning of the sheet metal cover 110 relative to the outer periphery of the position frame.
- the metal cover 110 has at the free end of the rim 112 a slight conical broadening, which acts as a funnel-shaped insertion opening for the position frame.
- the peripheral edge 112 is broken only in the corner areas and at the height of the connecting piece 92 and forms a one-sided shield for the heat generating element 66th
- the channels 94 adapted to the contact pins 96 are radially widened to form a groove-shaped test channel 116.
- This test channel 116 extends from the front free end side of the connecting piece 92 to the associated clip opening 104 and accordingly forms an external access to the receptacles 78, which communicate with each other below the insulating layer 90 and the contact plates 82.
- FIG. 3 Furthermore, illustrates the sheet metal cover 110 between the slightly upwardly arched shoulder portions 118 for the peripheral edge 112 a flat contact surface. Accordingly, these attachment areas 118 form a kind of centering for the corrugated rib elements 64 (see also FIG FIG. 11 ).
- the layer structure 46 described above is held in the embodiment shown under spring tension in the frame 44.
- the frame 44 formed by the two frame members 48 spring insertion openings 120 which in the FIGS. 4 and 5 can be seen and exposed at not yet mounted heater on the control side end of the power section 2.
- braced spring elements 121 are introduced, which in the Applicant going back EP 2 298 582 are described and their disclosure content is incorporated by this reference in the disclosure of the present application.
- each of the frame members 48 each form a retainer member 122.
- Each holding element part 122 formed by a frame element 48 is provided with an inclined ramp surface 124.
- the holding element parts 122 are designed such that, when the frame 44 is joined, two holding element parts 122 respectively assigned to a frame element 48 form complete holding elements 126 on opposite end sides with the frame element parts 122 of the other frame element. These holding elements 126 have a design tapering towards the free end, so that the oblique ramp surfaces 24 serve for coarse positioning of the control part 4, namely a positioning opening 127 of the plastic housing element 10 relative to the power part 2 (cf. Fig. 5 ). Furthermore, grooves 128 extending transversely to the holding element parts 122 form a circumferentially closed bore 130 after joining the frame elements 48 (cf. Fig. 4 ). In this bore 130 is a fastening screw through the mounting hole 42 of the metal shell 8 einbringbar to cause the positioning and fixation of the power unit 2 to the control part 4 to the realization of a structural unit of power unit 2 and control part 4.
- the plastic housing member 10 forms for each heat generating element 66 two cylindrical nozzle receivers 132, which are adapted such that the connecting pieces 42 can be introduced together with the sealing elements 98 each in associated nozzle receptacles 132 sealing.
- the nozzle receptacles 132 are conically widened end and have first a widened cylinder portion for receiving the sealing element 98 and a cylinder portion located inside with a smaller diameter, which holds the front conically tapered connecting piece 92 with little play and thus the deformation of the sealing element 98 after limited to the assembly.
- the contact pins 96 pass through respective contact surface elements 134, which are formed by stamping and bending sheet metal and group within the terminal housing 6 a plurality of pins 96 of the same polarity, so that they are assigned to a heating stage.
- This in FIG. 6 bottom contact surface element is a first plus pad element 134, whereas the upper contact surface element is a minus pad element 136.
- FIG. 7 illustrates, the plastic housing member 10 receives another, second plus pad member 138.
- the minus pad member 136 and the plus pad members 134, 138 are separated from one another by a separator bar 140. This separating web 140 projects beyond a bearing plane formed by the plastic housing element for the contact surface elements 134, 136, 138.
- FIG. 6 Surfaces of the plastic housing element 10 that predetermine this bearing plane are in FIG. 6 designated by reference numeral 142.
- the web 140 By the web 140, the leakage current path between the contact surface elements 134, 138 of the plus polarity and the contact surface element 136 of the negative polarity is extended, so that leakage currents between the two contacts are not to be feared. Also, the air gap between the contact surface elements 134 and 136 or 138 and 136 is laid.
- the contact surface elements 134, 136, 138 have between the contact pins 96 to the divider 140 opening semicircular recesses 143. In FIG.
- each contact tongues 144, 146 can be seen, which protrude through the circuit board 18 and integrally formed by punching and bending on the contact surface elements 134 and 136 and which are held in contact tongue holding regions 148 raised relative to the contact surfaces 142.
- the FIG. 8 lets see details in this way.
- the respective contact surface elements 134, 136 have end-side connection tabs 145, which open into the contact tongues 144, 146.
- the contact surface elements 134, 136, 138 for the individual contact pins 96 formed contact openings, which are made by punching and bending. Accordingly, opposing contact protrusions 150 are elastically stretched against the outer periphery of the contact pins 96.
- the plastic housing element 10 forms locking projections 152 which are inserted into locking openings 154 of the contact surface elements 134, 136, 138, which are bounded on opposite sides by sharp-edged clamping segments 156 of the sheet material forming the contact surface elements 134, 136, 138. Accordingly, these clamping segments 156 dig into the locking protrusions 152 and secure the contact surface elements 134, 136, 138 after sliding onto the locking protrusions.
- FIG. 8 further shows the previously described heatsink 32, which are exposed within the plastic housing member 10 and project with a flat contact surface 158 the divider 140 on the upper side.
- each fixing eyes 160 for the previously already generally introduced pressure element 20 can be seen. How the particular FIGS. 4 and 9 To illustrate, this is honeycombed with a plurality of perpendicular honeycomb webs 162 formed.
- the sectional view according to FIG. 9 illustrates the installation of the heat sink 32 in the plastic housing element 10.
- This has - like FIG. 8 can recognize - a plurality of distributed on the circumference of a raiseddeèveeinbringö réelle 164 of the plastic housing member 10 provided locking post 166 conically narrow the edge of thedeanalysiseinbringö réelle 164 and form latching shoulders 168, which engage over a formed on the heat sink 32 circumferential locking bar 170 and thus form-fitting against pushing out prevent above and in the direction of the terminal housing 6.
- the contour of the recesses 143 of the contact surface elements 134, 136, 138 corresponds to the contour of thedeworkseinbringö réelle 164, so that the raised Edge is narrowly bounded by the contact surface elements 134, 136, 138.
- the two plus pad elements 134, 138 are identically shaped so that they can be selectively used to form the first or second pad elements 134 or 138.
- On the latching shoulder 168 opposite side of the latching web 170 is a sealing element 172, which surrounds the cooling body 32 circumferentially and on the latching web 170 facing away from the bottom in the circumferential direction by in FIG.
- This seal receiver 174 is integrally formed by the plastic case member 10 and extends the heat sink insertion hole 164.
- the sealing element is shown in a slightly compressed configuration. Meanwhile, the seal member 172 is compressible in the longitudinal direction of the seal receiver 174 such that the seal between the inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical seal receiver 174 and the outer peripheral surface of the heat sink 32 is lost.
- the sealing element 172 can be compressed by wandering the locking web 170 in the longitudinal extent of the sealing receptacle 174 by about 2/10 to 7/10 mm.
- the compensating movement is applied by screwing the pressure element 20 to the fastening eyes 160 after mounting the printed circuit board 18, which is provided on its the heat sink 32 facing bottom 176 with two semiconductor power switches 178. Each circuit breaker 178 is located on the flat contact surface 158 of the associated heat sink 32.
- the circuit board has a bore 180 which is penetrated by pressure webs 182 of the pressure element 20. These pressure bars 182 are directly against the circuit breaker 178 and press it against the heat sink 32. Since the circuit breaker 178 may have considerable thickness tolerances due to manufacturing, provided in the embodiment sealing element 172 allows compensation by retreating of the heat sink 32 in the direction of the power unit 2 without the sealing of the heat sink 32 in the plastic housing element 10 is lost. As is clear from the overall view, in particular the FIGS. 4 and 9 results, the pressure element 20 acts after screwing against the plastic housing member 10 on both circuit breakers 176 and presses them each against their associated heat sink 32.
- insulating layer 184 of the circuit breaker 178 By an applied to the contact surface 158 of the heat sink 32 insulating layer 184 of the circuit breaker 178, however, of the associated heatsink 32 electrically isolated.
- the insulating layer 174 is a ceramic insulating layer. Also, this insulating layer 184 extends beyond the heat sink 32 to increase the creepage significantly in the width direction (see. FIG. 9 ).
- a second positive contact tongue 186 projecting from the second contact surface element 138 connects the heating circuit formed by the second plus pad member 138 and the minus pad member 136 to the board 18 (see FIG. FIG. 4 ).
- FIG. 9 can recognize, contacts the semiconductor power switch 178 with the circuit board 18 and switches the power current to the associated circuit. In the present case, two heating stages are realized, which can be switched and controlled in each case via one of the semiconductor power switch 178.
- the heat sink 32 is also sealed in the heat sink insertion opening 164.
- the locking webs 170 lie directly below the locking shoulders 168.
- a touch does not take place, so that the compression force caused by the slight compression of the sealing element 172 acts on the phase boundary between the heat sink 32 and the power switch 178.
- This power switch 178 is applied regardless of the thickness tolerance on the underside 176 against the printed circuit board 18.
- the pressure element 20 relieved with its pressure ribs 82 only the circuit board 18, so that the circuit breaker 178 is not clamped over the circuit board 18, but only between the pressure element 20 and the bias causing heat sink 32 with the interposition of the insulating layer 184.
- the location of the power switch 178 and the circuit board 18 and the pressure element 20 does not change in a power switch 178 with greater strength. Rather, the heat sink 32 is urged in theisserWorkeinbringö réelle 164 in the direction of the power section 2, so that the sealing element 172 while maintaining the sealing of the heat sink 32 compressed more and - compared to the representation in FIG. 9 - the locking webs 170 in a further lowered position, that is further spaced from the locking shoulders 168 are arranged.
- the embodiment of an electric heater shown in the figures has heat-generating elements which are designed in a special way in order to lengthen creepage distances and to reduce the risk of leakage current transmission.
- This particular design is described below with particular reference to FIGS Figures 2 and 11 clarified. So has - as in FIG. 2 to recognize each - defined by a basically flat inner peripheral surface of the position frame 76 receptacle 78 on opposite sides at least two marked with reference numeral 188 projections define within the receptacle 78 support points for each PTC element 80. These support points 188 prevents the PTC elements 80 abut directly against the receptacle 78 predetermining smooth inner wall of the positioning frame 76. Thus, the creepage distance of opposing surfaces of the PTC elements 80 is increased.
- the support points 188 are formed substantially pyramid-shaped and then have a tapered design. Furthermore, the surfaces of the support points 188 are like the sectional view according to FIG FIG. 11 clarified - concavely curved. The creepage distance is further increased by the curvature of the surface. The previously mentioned and provided between the contact plates 82 and the position frame circumferential gap 84 also contributes to increase the creepage distances.
- the heat generating elements 66 are particularly EMC protected.
- the position frame 176 is basically completely surrounded by a shield, which are formed on the one hand by the sheet metal cover 110 of the position frame 76 and on the other hand by the sheet metal cover 70 of the corrugated fin elements 64.
- FIG. 11 illustrates only a small edge-side gap between the various covers 70, 110 remains. Otherwise, the PTC elements 80 are completely enclosed by a metallic shield. Accordingly, the Heat generating elements 66 do not emit substantial electromagnetic radiation.
- All corrugated fin elements 64 are further connected to each other via integrally formed on the metal shell 8 locking elements, which are not shown in the drawing, however, may be formed as this, which goes back to the applicant EP 2 299 201 A1 describes the disclosure of which is incorporated in the disclosure of this application. It is only important that the metal shell 8 forms electrically connected projections that contact the corrugated fins 64 such that all corrugated fins 64 are electrically or indirectly connected directly to the metal shell 8 and grounded.
- the embodiment discussed above has heat generating elements 66 whose receptacle 78 is hermetically sealed from the environment so that moisture and soiling can not reach the PTC elements 80.
- a high insulation of the PTC elements 80 is created because any charge carriers affect the isolation of the PTC elements 80, which can get into the receptacle 78 in the prior art, the insulation.
- all the heat-generating elements 66 are sealingly inserted into the terminal housing 6.
- a test bell is placed, which is sealingly applied to the free edge of the plastic housing element 10.
- the connected part of the electric heater is placed under increased hydrostatic pressure, for example, by compressed air. It maintains a certain level of pressure and checks whether it is reduced by possible leaks over time. If this is not the case, the component is rated as good.
- the power part 2 is manufactured separately.
- the heat generating elements 66 are mounted.
- the metal cover 110, the bottom and thus anyway After bonding the metal cover 110 associated insulating layer 90 close the one-sided open position frame 76 on the underside, so that inserted from the other side of the PTC elements 80 and then the associated contact plate 82 can be placed on this, then finally hang on the insulating layer 90 and via the adhesive edge 88 opposite the position frame 76 seal.
- the thus prepared heat-generating elements 66 are inserted into a frame member 48 of the frame 44, in each case alternately to the arrangement of corrugated fin elements 64. As is apparent in particular from FIG.
- FIG. 4 results are usually between two heat-generating elements 66 each two corrugated rib elements 64 at.
- a layer L of corrugated fin elements abuts on each side of a heat-generating element 66.
- FIG. 4 and FIG. 11 further illustrates that in the embodiment according to FIG. 4 in a position at least two corrugated rib elements 64 are arranged.
- the frame 44 is closed by placing and locking the other frame member 48. Thereafter, via the spring insertion openings 120, the respective spring elements 121 are inserted between the layer structure 46 and an outer edge of the receptacle 60 created by the frame 44. Finally, the spring elements 121 are braced against each other, as shown in the EP 2 298 582 is described. Thereafter, the thus prepared power part 2 is joined to the metal shell 8 and the plastic housing member 10. Due to their tapering configuration, the ramp surfaces 124 serve as positioning and centering aids, so that the holding element 126 can be effectively introduced into the positioning opening 127. The holding element 126 is usually leading relative to the contact pins 96, so that a coarse positioning is carried out only on the holding elements 126 and then the contact pins 96 are inserted into the cylindrical receiving socket 132.
- FIGS. 12 to 15 illustrate a further aspect of the present invention, which consists in that in a layer L in the flow direction provided in succession corrugated fin elements 64 in a direction transverse to the flow direction S, however, in their corresponding installation level within the layer structure 46 is added are provided to each other.
- the meandering bent metal strip 68 of the successively provided in a layer L corrugated fin elements 64 recognizable. These are identified by reference numerals 68.1 and 68.2 and thus distinguishable. It can be seen that the air to be heated, which flows in at right angles to the plane of the drawing, flows against almost completely separate meandering bent metal strips 68.1 and 68.2.
- the rear sheet metal strip member is not shaded from the front. This results in a good heat transfer.
- the air flow S to be heated is redeployed during the transition from the first plane E1 to the second plane E2, which is accompanied by turbulent flow, which also improves the heat transfer.
- FIGS. 13 to 15 show a second embodiment according to the FIGS. 10 to 12 ,
- the illustrated embodiment of a heating element only differs from the previously discussed embodiment in that three corrugated rib elements 64 are arranged one behind the other in a layer L1 or L2. Also in each case arranged in a plane E1, E2, E3 corrugated fin elements 64 are each strictly associated with a PTC element 80.
- E1, E2, E3 corrugated fin elements 64 are each strictly associated with a PTC element 80.
- FIG. 15 clarifies, the air flowing through the heating element 62 is repeatedly redeployed.
- FIG. 16 shows the previously described frame members 48 and a frame intermediate member 190 which is provided with female and male locking elements 50, 52 corresponding to the frame members 48, so that the frame intermediate member 190 can be easily locked between the frame members 48.
- the provided in the frame receptacle 60 for the layer structure 46 is thus increased by exactly the width that contributes to a plane of corrugated fins 46.
- the heat generating elements 66 are each formed uniformly, ie, whether two PTC elements 80 are arranged one behind the other in the flow direction S or three PTC elements 80; the PTC elements 80 are each received within a unitary position frame 76.
- the corrugated fin elements 64 are identical.
- an identical plastic housing element 10 may be used in each case.
- the intermediate frame member 190 has holding element parts 122 which cooperate with the holding element parts 122 of one of the frame elements 48 in order to form a complete holding element 126, via which also the widened frame 44 follows FIG. 16 can be connected to the plastic housing element 10. If, for example, four corrugated rib elements 64 form a heating element in succession in the direction of flow, then a second frame intermediate element 190 can be installed in the frame 44.
- FIGS 17 and 18 show a comparison with the embodiment described above slightly modified embodiment.
- the same components are identified by the same reference numerals.
- the shielding housing element 8 described above is turned away.
- a shielding contact plate 192 is provided, which rests positively against outer contact surfaces of the plastic housing element 10. This also forms bulges 194, in which shielding contact tongues 196 of the shielding contact plate 192 are accommodated.
- the Ablekingzept 196 are each provided at the level of a heat generating element 66 and contact the edge 112 of this element 66.
- the Abletakingblech 192 formed by punching and bending molded spring bars 198 which abut each of the heatsink 32 at the front and contact with this , In particular FIG. 18 As can be seen, the Abprocessingblech 192 tightly surrounds the cylindrical nozzle receptacle 132 which is formed by the plastic housing element 10.
- connection bolt 200 is held, for example, by encapsulation in the plastic housing element 10.
- Ableking 192 forms a formed by punching and bending bolt receptacle 202, which bears under elastic circumferential stress on the terminal bolt 200 electrically conductive.
- the heat sinks 32 are grounded via the shield contact plate 192, so that the reliable electrical isolation between the power switch 178 and the heat sink 32 can be checked by monitoring the ground potential at the terminal stud 200. Any defect in the electrical insulation may be detected and output to prevent the servicing potential from being electrocuted when servicing the electrical heater with insufficient electrical isolation.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
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- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Air-Conditioning For Vehicles (AREA)
- Resistance Heating (AREA)
- Direct Air Heating By Heater Or Combustion Gas (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine elektrische Heizvorrichtung mit einem Rahmen, der an gegenüberliegenden Seiten Öffnungen für den Durchtritt eines zu erwärmenden Mediums ausbildet. Die elektrische Heizvorrichtung hat ferner einen in dem Rahmen angeordneten Schichtaufbau. Dieser hat in einer Richtung quer zu der Durchtrittsrichtung des zu erwärmenden Mediums mehrere Lagen, die durch Wellrippenelemente und wenigstens ein Wärme erzeugendes Element gebildet werden. Das Wärme erzeugende Element umfasst dabei wenigstens ein zwischen parallelen Kontaktblechen angeordnetes PTC-Element.The present invention relates to an electric heater with a frame which forms openings on opposite sides for the passage of a medium to be heated. The electric heater further has a layer structure disposed in the frame. This has in a direction transverse to the direction of passage of the medium to be heated a plurality of layers, which are formed by corrugated fin elements and at least one heat-generating element. The heat-generating element comprises at least one arranged between parallel contact plates PTC element.
Eine derartige elektrische Heizvorrichtung ist beispielsweise aus der
Als gattungsbildend wird auch der durch die
Dabei besteht bei gattungsgemäßen elektrischen Heizvorrichtungen auf Grund der selbstregelnden Eigenschaften des PTC-Elementes das Problem, dass mit zunehmender Temperatur und auch Heizleistung der Widerstand der PTC-Elemente stark ansteigt, so dass die Leistungsabgabe der PTC-Elemente verringert ist. Da andererseits die elektrischen Heizvorrichtungen insbesondere in Kraftfahrzeugen zum Einsatz kommen sollen diese eine kompakte Bauweise haben, so dass der Vorschlag, zwei in herkömmlicher Weise ausgebildete elektrische Heizvorrichtungen in Strömungs- bzw. Durchtrittsrichtung des zu erwärmenden Mediums hintereinander in einem HVAC anzuordnen, verworfen werden muss, da dieser dem Erfordernis einer kompakten Bauweise zuwiderläuft.Due to the self-regulating properties of the PTC element, the problem with generic electric heaters is that the resistance of the PTC elements rises sharply with increasing temperature and heating power, so that the power output of the PTC elements is reduced. On the other hand, since the electric heaters are to be used in particular in motor vehicles, they must have a compact design, so that the proposal to arrange two conventionally designed electric heaters in flow or passage direction of the medium to be heated in a HVAC, must be discarded, because this runs counter to the requirement of a compact design.
Die
Bei dem bekannten Vorschlag werden aber durch diejenigen Wärme erzeugenden Elemente, die den durchströmten Wellrippenelemente nachgelagert und in deren Strömungsweg angeordnet sind, die Durchtrittsöffnungen für die Luft durch die elektrische Heizvorrichtung verlegt, woraus ein verhältnismäßig hoher Strömungswiderstand resultiert. Damit wird aber auch die Heizleistung und die Effektivität der elektrischen Heizvorrichtung verringert, da diese nicht allein durch den über die elektrische Heizvorrichtung bewirkten Temperatursprung definiert ist, sondern auch über die mit diesem Temperatursprung erwärmte Luftmenge. Ferner wird nur ein Teil der für den Wärmeaustausch mit der Luft vorgesehenen Fläche genutzt, da sich die in Strömungsrichtung hinter den Wärme erzeugenden Elementen befindlichen Wellrippenelemente von diesen Wärme erzeugenden Elementen abgeschattet werden und zwar um etwa ein Drittel ihrer Fläche bei einer Wellrippenhöhe von 10 mm und einer Dicke des Wärme erzeugenden Elementes von etwa 3 mm.In the known proposal, however, by the heat generating elements which are downstream of the flow-through corrugated fin elements and arranged in the flow path, the passage openings for the air laid by the electric heater, resulting in a relatively high flow resistance results. But this also reduces the heat output and the effectiveness of the electric heater, as this is not defined solely by the temperature jump caused by the electric heater, but also on the heated with this temperature jump amount of air. Furthermore, only a part of the space provided for the heat exchange with the air is used, since the corrugated fins located downstream of the heat generating elements are shaded by these heat generating elements by about one third of their area at a corrugated fin height of 10 mm and a thickness of the heat generating element of about 3 mm.
Der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt das Problem zugrunde, eine elektrische Heizvorrichtung mit einer erhöhten Heizleistung anzugeben. Dabei will die vorliegende Erfindung insbesondere eine skalierbare elektrische Heizvorrichtung angeben, d. h. eine solche Heizvorrichtung, die sich ohne großen Aufwand auf unterschiedliche Heizleistungen anpassen lässt. Die vorliegende Erfindung will ferner einen Rahmen angeben, mit dem eine entsprechende Heizvorrichtung auf wirtschaftliche Weise verwirklicht werden kann.The present invention is based on the problem of specifying an electric heater with an increased heating power. In particular, the present invention intends to specify a scalable electrical heating device, ie such a heating device, which can be adapted without great effort to different heating powers. The present invention further seeks to provide a frame with which a corresponding heating device can be realized in an economical manner.
Zur Lösung des obigen Problems wird mit der vorliegenden Erfindung eine elektrische Heizvorrichtung mit den Merkmalen von Anspruch 1 angegeben. Diese unterscheidet sich dadurch von dem gattungsbildenden Stand der Technik, dass in Durchtrittsrichtung des zu erwärmenden Mediums wenigstens zwei Wellrippenelemente hintereinander angeordnet sind, deren Wellrippen quer zu der Durchtrittsrichtung des zu erwärmenden Mediums versetzt angeordnet sind. Bei einer Ansicht der erfindungsgemäßen Heizvorrichtung in Durchtrittsrichtung des zu erwärmenden Mediums sind dabei auf Höhe der hintereinander angeordneten Wellrippenelemente die Wellrippen der in unterschiedlichen Ebenen in Strömungsrichtung hintereinander vorgesehenen Elemente zu erkennen. Die einzelnen Wellrippen schatten sich dementsprechend nur geringfügig ab. Gleichwohl wird von dem Übergang von dem auf einer Eingangsebene vorgesehenen Wellrippe zu der dahinterliegenden, bestenfalls einer Ausgangsebene zugeordneten Wellrippe, eine Umschichtung der Strömung dadurch erreicht, dass der Strömungsweg durch die versetzt vorgesehenen Wellrippen verändert wird. Es ergibt sich eine turbulente Strömung am Übergang zwischen den beiden versetzt vorgesehenen Wellrippenelementen, die zu einer verbesserten Wärmeübertragung von den Wellrippen an das zu erwärmende Medium führt. Die Wärmeleitung ist bei ansonsten gleichen Komponenten um zumindest 5% erhöht. Bei mehr als zwei auf verschiedenen Ebenen hintereinander vorgesehenen Wellrippenelementen ist vorzugsweise jedes der aufeinander folgenden Wellrippenelemente versetzt zu dem in Strömungsrichtung davorliegenden angeordnet. Darüber hinaus sind sämtliche Wellrippenelemente vorzugsweise so vorgesehen, dass deren Wellrippen insgesamt jeweils versetzt zueinander vorgesehen sind.To solve the above problem, the present invention provides an electric heater having the features of
Durch die entsprechende Maßnahme ergibt sich ein sehr effektiver Wärmeübergang zwischen den Wellrippenelementen und dem zu erwärmenden Medium in einer Lage des Schichtaufbaus, die üblicherweise durch Elemente mit identischer Funktion des Heizblocks gebildet sind, welche in Durchtrittsrichtung des zu erwärmenden Mediums exakt hintereinander angeordnet sind. Dabei lässt sich die Formulierung des Anmeldebegehrens von der Vorstellung leiten, dass das Medium rechtwinklig zu denjenigen Flächen durch den Rahmen tritt, welche die Öffnungen für den Durchtritt des zu erwärmenden Mediums ausbilden.The corresponding measure results in a very effective heat transfer between the corrugated fin elements and the medium to be heated in a layer of layer structure, which are usually formed by elements with identical function of the heating block, which are arranged in the passage direction of the medium to be heated exactly behind each other. The formulation of the application request can be guided by the idea that the medium passes through the frame at right angles to those surfaces which form the openings for the passage of the medium to be heated.
Der Rahmen ist dabei üblicherweise durch eine Ausgestaltung gebildet, welche den Schichtaufbau zumindest an beiden Stirnseiten, vorzugsweise vollumfänglich umgibt, an den sich rechtwinklig zu dieser umfänglichen Umschließung erstreckenden Seiten indes eine oder mehrere hinreichend große Öffnungen ausbildet, die üblicherweise die Wellrippenelemente ganz oder zumindest überwiegend freilassen, so dass diese vollständig oder nahezu vollständig von dem zu erwärmenden Medium angeströmt werden können. Die Öffnungen können dabei durch Quer- oder Längsstreben verstärkt bzw. durchsetzt sein. Längsstreben erstrecken sich dabei üblicherweise parallel zu den Lagen des Schichtaufbaus und regelmäßig auf Höhe der Wärme erzeugenden Elemente, wohingegen Querstreben sich rechtwinklig hierzu erstrecken und der mechanischen Versteifung des Rahmens dienen, insbesondere dann, wenn - wie bei einer bevorzugten Ausgestaltung der vorliegenden Erfindung - der Heizblock bzw. Schichtaufbau durch eine oder mehrere in den Schichtaufbau integrierte Federn in dem Rahmen unter Vorspannung gehalten ist, so dass die Elemente des Schichtaufbaus lediglich durch die Klemmkraft des Federelementes aneinander gelegt werden. Diese Klemmkraft bewirkt einerseits eine gute elektrische Kontaktierung zwischen den parallelen Kontaktblechen und dem oder den dazwischen angeordneten PTC-Elementen und andererseits eine gute thermische Kontaktierung zwischen den Wärme abgebenden Elementen und den daran anliegenden und durch die Federkraft dagegen angepressten Wellrippenelementen.The frame is usually formed by an embodiment which surrounds the layer structure at least on both end sides, preferably in full circumference however, one or more sufficiently large openings are formed at the sides extending at right angles to this circumferential enclosure, which usually leave the corrugated fin elements completely or at least predominantly exposed, so that they can be completely or almost completely flown by the medium to be heated. The openings can be reinforced or interspersed by transverse or longitudinal struts. Longitudinal struts usually extend parallel to the layers of the layer structure and regularly at the height of the heat generating elements, whereas cross struts extend at right angles thereto and serve the mechanical stiffening of the frame, especially if - as in a preferred embodiment of the present invention - the heating block or layer structure is held by one or more integrated in the layer structure springs in the frame under prestress, so that the elements of the layer structure are placed together only by the clamping force of the spring element. This clamping force causes on the one hand a good electrical contact between the parallel contact plates and the PTC elements or the interposed therebetween and on the other hand a good thermal contact between the heat-emitting elements and the adjacent thereto and pressed by the spring force against corrugated fins elements.
Der Schichtaufbau der elektrischen Heizvorrichtung ist mit Blick auf eine möglichst wirtschaftliche Fertigung aus jeweils identischen Elementen ausgebildet. Sofern mehrere Wärme erzeugende Elemente Teile des Schichtaufbaues sind, sind diese jeweils identisch ausgeformt. Auch die in einer Ebene hintereinander vorgesehenen Wellrippenelemente und die in dem Schichtaufbau übereinander gestapelten, gegebenenfalls unter Zwischenlage eines Wärme erzeugenden Elementes angeordneten Wellrippenelemente sind jeweils identisch ausgebildet. Je nach vorgegebener Heizleistung können die Wellrippenelemente aber jeweils auch eine unterschiedliche Dicke, d.h. Erstreckung in Strömungsrichtung des zu erwärmenden Mediums haben, so dass für die geforderte Heizleistung jeweils die optimale Baugröße gegeben ist, speziell die Dicke des Heizblocks. Entsprechend der Dicke der Wellrippenelemente sind üblicherweise auch die den Wellrippenelementen jeweils zugeordneten Wärme erzeugenden Elemente ausgeformt.The layer structure of the electric heater is designed with a view to the most economical production of each identical elements. If several heat-generating elements are parts of the layer structure, these are each formed identically. The corrugated rib elements which are arranged one behind the other in a plane and the corrugated rib elements which are stacked one above the other in the layer structure and optionally arranged with the interposition of a heat-generating element are each of identical design. However, depending on the given heat output, the corrugated fin elements may each have a different thickness, i. Extension in the flow direction of the medium to be heated, so that in each case the optimum size is given for the required heating power, especially the thickness of the heating block. According to the thickness of the corrugated fin elements, the corrugated fin elements respectively associated heat generating elements are usually formed.
Dabei liegen üblicherweise zwei Wellrippenelemente an unterschiedlichen Seiten an einem Wärme erzeugenden Element an. So liegen erfindungsgemäß üblicherweise zumindest vier Wellrippenelemente an einem einzigen Wärme erzeugenden Element an. Dieses Wärme erzeugende Element muss nicht notwendigerweise als einheitliches Wärme erzeugendes Element hergestellt sein, wobei eine entsprechende Ausgestaltung zu bevorzugen ist. Dies bedeutet, dass bei einem einheitlichen Wärme erzeugenden Element sämtliche PTC-Elemente in einem einheitlichen Positionsrahmen vorgesehen sind, welcher ober- und unterseitig mit Kontaktblechen belegt ist, an denen unmittelbar oder mittelbar die Wellrippenelemente anliegen. Auf einer Seite des Wärme erzeugenden Elementes liegen daher der Anzahl der in Strömungsrichtung hintereinander vorgesehenen Wellrippenelemente entsprechende Wellrippenelemente direkt oder vorzugsweise getrennt durch eine Isolierlage, z. B. aus einer Kunststofffolie und /oder einer Keramikschicht indirekt an dem dort vorgesehenen Kontaktblech an. Entsprechendes gilt für die gegenüberliegende Seite.In this case, usually two corrugated rib elements are located on different sides of a heat generating element. Thus, according to the invention, usually at least four corrugated rib elements are attached to a single heat-generating element. This Heat-generating element does not necessarily have to be made as a unitary heat-generating element, with a corresponding design being preferred. This means that, in the case of a uniform heat-generating element, all the PTC elements are provided in a uniform position frame, which is covered on top and bottom with contact plates against which the corrugated rib elements abut directly or indirectly. On one side of the heat generating element, therefore, the number of corrugated rib elements successively provided in correspondence with the corrugated fin elements is directly or preferably separated by an insulating layer, e.g. B. from a plastic film and / or a ceramic layer indirectly to the there provided contact plate. The same applies to the opposite side.
Die in Höhenrichtung benachbart zueinander vorgesehenen Wärme erzeugenden Elemente sind vorzugsweise über zwei identisch ausgebildete Wellrippenelemente voneinander beabstandet. Mit anderen Worten entspricht der Höhenabstand benachbarter Wärme erzeugender Elemente der zweifachen Höhe des Wellrippenelementes.The heat generating elements adjacent to each other in the height direction are preferably spaced from each other by two corrugated fin members of identical configuration. In other words, the height distance of adjacent heat generating elements corresponds to twice the height of the corrugated fin element.
Gemäß einer bevorzugten Weiterbildung der vorliegenden Erfindung sind den in Durchtrittsrichtung hintereinander angeordneten Wellrippenelementen jeweils separate PTC-Elemente zugeordnet. Dabei definieren die einzelnen Wellrippenelemente, d. h. diejenigen Wellrippenelemente, die in Durchtrittsrichtung streng hintereinander vorgesehen, also in jeweils hintereinander liegenden Ebenen angeordnet sind, eine Lage aus. Eine entsprechende Ebene hat üblicherweise in etwa die einer Dicke des Wellrippenelementes in Durchtrittsrichtung entsprechende Abmessung. Innerhalb dieser einzelnen Ebenen sind dem jeweiligen Wellrippenelement zugeordnete PTC-Elemente zugeordnet. Es handelt sich dabei um die PTC-Elemente einer einheitlichen Lage, d. h. diejenigen PTC-Elemente, die in Durchtrittsrichtung streng hintereinander vorgesehen sind. Mit dieser Weiterbildung wird eine Ausgestaltung bestimmt, bei welcher in Höhenrichtung des Schichtaufbaus in einer Ebene und verschiedenen Lagen benachbart angeordnete Wellrippenelemente jeweils das bzw. den diesen Wellrippenelementen zugeordnete PTC-Element zwischen sich aufnehmen. Die entsprechenden PTC-Elemente liegen dabei üblicherweise innerhalb der durch die Wellrippenelemente vorgegebenen Vorder- und Rückseiten, wobei in erster Nährung ohne Weiteres die Sicht greifen kann, dass diese Vorder- und Rückseiten von sämtlichen Wellrippenelementen einer Ebene im Wesentlichen zusammenfallen. Die PTC-Elemente befinden sich dementsprechend innerhalb einer Hüllfläche, welche die beiden, dem PTC-Element zugeordneten Wellrippenelemente definieren, vorzugsweise allein durch die Wellrippen dieser Wellrippenelemente definiert ist. In Schnittansicht liegen die PTC-Elemente dementsprechend immer exakt zwischen den ihnen zugeordneten Wellrippenelementen, wodurch eine thermische Wechselwirkung zwischen den auf unterschiedlichen Ebenen vorgesehenen Wellrippen und Wärme erzeugenden Elementen im Wesentlichen verhindert wird.According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, each of the corrugated rib elements arranged one behind the other in the direction of passage is assigned separate PTC elements. In this case, the individual corrugated rib elements, ie those corrugated rib elements which are provided strictly one behind the other in the direction of passage, ie arranged in successive planes, define one layer. A corresponding plane usually has approximately the dimension corresponding to a thickness of the corrugated rib element in the direction of passage. Within these individual levels associated PTC elements associated with the respective corrugated fin element. These are the PTC elements of a uniform position, ie those PTC elements which are provided in the passage direction strictly one behind the other. With this development, an embodiment is determined in which adjacent in the height direction of the layer structure in a plane and different layers arranged corrugated fins each receive the or those these corrugated fins associated PTC element between them. The corresponding PTC elements usually lie within the front and rear sides predetermined by the corrugated rib elements, whereby in the first approximation it is readily possible to grasp that these front and back sides of all corrugated rib elements of a plane substantially coincide. The Accordingly, PTC elements are located within an envelope surface defining the two corrugated fin elements associated with the PTC element, preferably defined solely by the corrugated fins of these corrugated fin elements. Accordingly, in sectional view, the PTC elements always lie exactly between the corrugated fin elements assigned to them, whereby a thermal interaction between the corrugated ribs and heat-generating elements provided on different planes is substantially prevented.
Gemäß einer bevorzugten Weiterbildung der vorliegenden Erfindung sind die PTC-Elemente in einem einheitlichen, sich über mehrere Ebenen erstreckenden Wärme erzeugenden Element angeordnet. Dementsprechend überbrücken die mehreren, in unterschiedlichen Ebenen vorgesehenen Wellrippenelemente lediglich Teilbereiche dieses einheitlichen, diesen Wellrippenelementen zugeordneten Wärme erzeugenden Elementes. Das Wärme erzeugende Element hat dementsprechend in Breitenrichtung, d. h. Durchtrittsrichtung des zu erwärmenden Mediums eine Erstreckung, die ein Vielfaches der Breite eines der Wellrippenelemente entsprechend der Anzahl der in Strömungsrichtung hintereinander vorgesehenen Wellrippenelemente entspricht. Danach können Wellrippenelemente für elektrische Heizvorrichtungen unterschiedlicher Wärmeleistung in identischer Weise verwendet werden. Es sind jeweils identische Wellrippenelemente vorgesehen, unabhängig davon, ob Wärme erzeugende Elemente lediglich in einer oder mehreren Ebenen vorgesehen sind. Die Anpassung der Wellrippenelemente an die notwendige Heizleistung erfolgt lediglich durch Verschieben der üblicherweise länglichen Wellrippenelemente relativ zueinander, so dass die Wellrippen der Wellrippenelemente versetzt zueinander vorgesehen sind. Demgegenüber werden die Wärme erzeugenden Elemente an die notwendige Heizleistung unmittelbar angepasst. Eine elektrische Heizvorrichtung mit lediglich in zwei Ebenen vorgesehenen Wellrippenelementen hat danach ein Wärme erzeugendes Element, welches sich über diese zwei Ebenen in Durchtrittsrichtung des zu erwärmenden Mediums erstreckt, wohingegen eine mit drei in einer Lage hintereinander vorgesehenen Wellrippenelementen ausgestattete elektrische Heizvorrichtung ein Wärme erzeugendes Element hat, welches in seiner Breite der dreifachen Breite der Wellrippenelemente entspricht, so dass diese drei in einer Ebene vorgesehenen Wellrippenelemente an dem einheitlichen Wärme erzeugenden Element zur Anlage gebracht werden können.According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the PTC elements are arranged in a uniform, over several levels extending heat generating element. Accordingly, the plurality of corrugated fin elements provided at different levels only bridge portions of this uniform heat generating element associated with these corrugated fin elements. The heat-generating element accordingly has in the width direction, ie passage direction of the medium to be heated, an extension which corresponds to a multiple of the width of one of the corrugated fin elements corresponding to the number of corrugated fin elements successively provided in the flow direction. Thereafter, corrugated fin elements for electric heaters of different heat output can be used identically. In each case identical corrugated rib elements are provided, regardless of whether heat generating elements are provided only in one or more planes. The adaptation of the corrugated rib elements to the necessary heating power takes place merely by displacing the usually elongated corrugated rib elements relative to one another, so that the corrugated ribs of the corrugated rib elements are provided offset from one another. In contrast, the heat generating elements are adapted directly to the necessary heating power. An electrical heating device with corrugated fin elements provided only in two planes then has a heat-generating element which extends over these two planes in the direction of passage of the medium to be heated, whereas an electric heating device equipped with three corrugated fin elements arranged one behind the other has a heat-generating element, which corresponds in width to three times the width of the corrugated fin members, so that these three corrugated fin members provided in a plane can be brought into abutment with the unitary heat generating member.
Mit Blick auf eine weitere fertigungstechnische Vereinfachung sind die Wellrippenelemente einseitig mit Abdeckelementen versehen. Diese Abdeckelemente decken an einer Stirnseite den umbogenen Bereich eines üblicherweise das Wellrippenelement im Wesentlichen ausformenden, mäandrierenden Blechstreifens ab. Die Abdeckelemente können ferner die Wellrippen randseitig an ihren Vorder- bzw. Rückseiten leicht fassen und mit den Wellrippen durch Umbiegen kraft- und/oder formschlüssig verbunden sein.With a view to a further manufacturing simplification, the corrugated fin elements are provided on one side with cover elements. These covering elements cover at one end face the arcuate region of a meandering metal strip, which generally forms the corrugated rib element. Furthermore, the cover elements can easily grasp the corrugated ribs at the edge on their front or rear sides and can be positively and / or positively connected to the corrugated ribs by bending over.
Das Wärme erzeugende Element ist nach der bevorzugten Weiterbildung an einer Seite mit einer die Kontaktbleche überdeckenden Blechabdeckung versehen. An dieser Seite des Wärme erzeugenden Elementes liegen üblicherweise die umbogenen Enden des mäandrierenden Blechstreifens des Wellrippenelementes unmittelbar an der Blechabdeckung an. An der gegenüberliegenden Seite des Wärme erzeugenden Elementes liegen die an den Wellrippenelementen vorgesehenen Abdeckelemente vorzugsweise mittelbar an dem dort vorgesehenen Kontaktblech des Wärme erzeugenden Elementes an, und zwar vorzugsweise unter Zwischenlage einer Isolierlage. Danach wird die beim Verspannen des Schichtaufbaus in dem Rahmen an diesen Stellen punktuell aufgebrachte Anpresskraft über die Blechabdeckung einerseits und die Abdeckelemente andererseits vergleichmäßigt. Eine solche Vergleichmäßigung ist insbesondere dann vorteilhaft, wenn zwischen dem Kontaktblech und der Blechabdeckung bzw. dem Abdeckelement eine Isolierschicht vorgesehen ist, so dass die Wellrippenelemente potentialfrei in der elektrischen Heizvorrichtung vorgesehen und gerade nicht unmittelbar elektrisch mit den elektrischen Leiterbahnen zu den PTC-Elementen verbunden sind.The heat-generating element is provided according to the preferred development on one side with a sheet covering the contact plates. On this side of the heat-generating element are usually the curved ends of the meandering metal strip of the corrugated fin element directly to the sheet metal cover. On the opposite side of the heat-generating element, the cover elements provided on the corrugated fin elements are preferably applied indirectly to the contact plate of the heat-generating element provided there, preferably with the interposition of an insulating layer. Thereafter, the clamping force of the layer structure in the frame at these points selectively applied contact pressure on the sheet metal cover on the one hand and the cover is equalized on the other hand. Such homogenization is particularly advantageous if an insulating layer is provided between the contact plate and the sheet metal cover or the cover, so that the corrugated fin elements are provided floating in the electric heater and not directly electrically connected to the electrical traces to the PTC elements ,
Mit Blick auf eine möglichst gute Skalierung der elektrischen Heizvorrichtung, die einen modularen Aufbau und damit eine wirtschaftliche Herstellung von elektrischen Heizvorrichtungen mit unterschiedlichen Heizleistungen ermöglicht, wird mit der vorliegenden Erfindung ein Rahmen für eine elektrische Heizvorrichtung mit den Merkmalen von Anspruch 9 vorgeschlagen. Dieser Rahmen und dessen Weiterbildungen bilden auch die elektrische Heizvorrichtung als solches weiter.With a view to the best possible scaling of the electric heating device, which allows a modular structure and thus an economic production of electric heaters with different heat outputs, the present invention proposes a frame for an electric heater with the features of
Der Rahmen hat zwei die Öffnungen ausbildende Rahmenelemente und wenigstens ein dazwischen angeordnetes Rahmenzwischenelement. Diese Elemente des Rahmens, d. h. die Rahmenelemente und das wenigstens eine Rahmenzwischenelement sind über ineinander greifende Rastnasen miteinander verbindbar, so dass beispielsweise das Rahmenzwischenelement zur Vormontage einem der Rahmenelemente durch Verrasten fest zugeordnet werden und der Rahmen insgesamt durch Verrasten geschlossen werden kann. Die Rastelemente sind aber auch so ausgebildet, dass der Rahmen allein durch die Rahmenelemente ausgebildet und geschlossen werden kann. In ein solches Baukastensystem können selbstverständlich mehrere Rahmenzwischenelemente eingefügt sein, die jeweils identisch ausgebildet sind und die sich jeweils mit den beiden Rahmenelementen durch Verrasten verbinden lassen. Der erfindungsgemäße Rahmen ist weiterhin so ausgebildet, dass allein durch die Rahmenelemente ein Rahmen gebildet werden kann, der in Durchtrittsöffnung des zu erwärmenden Mediums einen Aufnahmeraum für den Schichtaufbau bildet, in den dieser aufgenommen werden kann, sofern der Schichtaufbau in allgemein bekannter Weise lediglich eine Ebene von Wellrippen und Wärme erzeugenden Elementen hat. Ein solcher Schichtaufbau liegt dabei in dem besagten Aufnahmeraum im Wesentlichen in Durchtrittsrichtung eingepasst, wodurch sich in dieser Richtung ein kompakter Aufbau ergibt. Der erfindungsgemäße Rahmen ist weiterhin so ausgestaltet, dass bei einem aus dem Rahmenzwischenelement gebildeten Rahmen ein sich in Durchtrittsrichtung des zu erwärmenden Mediums erstreckender Aufnahmeraum ausgebildet wird, der in der Regel zur exakten Aufnahme eines Schichtaufbaus mit mehreren Ebenen von Wellrippen und Wärme erzeugenden Elementen angepasst ausgebildet ist. Auch ein solcher, aus mehreren in einer Lage in Durchtrittsrichtung hintereinander angeordneten Wellrippenelementen ausgeformter Schichtaufbau ist dementsprechend in Durchtrittsrichtung im Grunde in diesem so gebildeten Rahmen eingepasst. Beide Rahmengestaltungen erlauben dementsprechend eine kompakte und Platz sparende Aufnahme des jeweiligen Schichtaufbaus. Die Rahmenelemente können jeweils identisch verwendet werden, unabhängig davon, wie viele Wellrippenelemente einer Lage in verschiedenen Ebenen hintereinander angeordnet sind. Dieses Breiterwerden des Schichtaufbaus wird lediglich durch die Rahmenzwischenelemente abgedeckt. Dabei verbreitert ein einziges Rahmenzwischenelement üblicherweise den Aufnahmeraum genau um denjenigen Breitenbetrag, den ein in einer weiteren Ebene angeordnetes Wellrippenelement beiträgt.The frame has two frame members forming the openings and at least one intermediate frame member therebetween. These elements of the frame, ie the frame members and the at least one intermediate frame member are interconnected via interlocking locking lugs, so that, for example, the intermediate frame member for pre-assembly of one of the frame elements assigned by latching and the frame as a whole can be closed by latching. However, the locking elements are also designed so that the frame can be formed and closed solely by the frame members. In such a modular system, of course, a plurality of frame intermediate elements may be inserted, which are each formed identically and which can be connected in each case by latching with the two frame elements. The frame according to the invention is furthermore designed so that a frame can be formed solely by the frame elements, which forms a receiving space for the layer structure in the passage opening of the medium to be heated, in which it can be accommodated, provided the layer structure in a generally known manner only one plane has corrugated ribs and heat generating elements. Such a layer structure is fitted in the receiving space substantially in the direction of passage, resulting in a compact structure in this direction. The frame according to the invention is further configured such that, in the case of a frame formed from the frame intermediate element, a receiving space extending in the direction of passage of the medium to be heated is formed, which as a rule is adapted to receive a layer structure comprising a plurality of levels of corrugated ribs and heat generating elements , Such a layer structure, formed from a plurality of corrugated rib elements arranged one behind the other in a position in the direction of passage, is accordingly fitted in the direction of penetration basically in this frame thus formed. Both frame designs accordingly allow a compact and space-saving recording of the respective layer structure. The frame elements can each be used identically, regardless of how many corrugated rib elements of a layer are arranged in different planes one behind the other. This broadening of the layer structure is only covered by the frame intermediate elements. In this case, a single frame intermediate element usually widens the receiving space exactly by the width amount that a corrugated rib element arranged in a further plane contributes.
Gemäß einer bevorzugten Weiterbildung sind die Rahmenelemente jeweils identisch ausgebildet, d. h. können in einer einzigen Spritzgießform hergestellt und durch Verdrehen relativ zueinander um 180° gefügt werden. Sollten mehrere Rahmenzwischenelemente den Rahmen ausformen, sind diese ebenfalls vorzugsweise identisch ausgebildet. Die Außenseite der Rahmenelemente und des Rahmenzwischenelementes weisen vorzugsweise einen Haltelementteil auf. Dieser Haltelementteil überragt die Außenseite und ist derart ausgeformt, dass an einem allein aus den Rahmenelementen gebildeten Rahmen und an einem aus den Rahmenelementen und dem Rahmenzwischenelement gebildeten Rahmen durch zusammenwirkende Halteelementteile ein Halteelement ausgebildet ist. Der Halteelementteil bildet dementsprechend lediglich üblicherweise die Hälfte eines vollständigen Halteelementes aus. Der Halteelementteil kann insbesondere hakenförmig ausgebildet sein und zwar derart, dass nach dem Fügen der den Rahmen bildenden Elemente durch miteinander zusammenwirkende Halteelementteile eine Bohrung umschlossen wird, in welche eine Befestigungsschraube einbringbar ist, um beispielsweise stirnseitig an dem Rahmen einen Befestigungsflansch und/oder ein Gehäuse einer Steuervorrichtung zu der elektrischen Heizvorrichtung zu befestigen.According to a preferred embodiment, the frame members are each formed identically, ie can be manufactured in a single injection mold and joined by rotation relative to each other by 180 °. If a plurality of frame intermediate elements form the frame, these are also preferably formed identically. The outside of the frame elements and the frame intermediate element preferably have a holding element part. This holding element part projects beyond the outside and is formed in such a way that on a frame formed solely from the frame members and on a frame formed from the frame members and the frame intermediate member by cooperating retaining element parts, a holding element is formed. Accordingly, the holding element part only usually forms half of a complete holding element. The holding element part may in particular be hook-shaped in such a way that after joining the frame forming elements by cooperating holding element parts a hole is enclosed, in which a fastening screw can be introduced, for example, on the front side of the frame a mounting flange and / or a housing To attach control device to the electric heater.
Weitere Einzelheiten und Vorteile der vorliegenden Erfindung ergeben sich aus der nachfolgenden Beschreibung von Ausführungsbeispielen in Verbindung mit der Zeichnung. Dabei zeigt die Zeichnung sowohl den grundsätzlichen Aufbau einer elektrischen Heizvorrichtung, in welche ein Wärme abgebendes Element, das für sich allein erfindungswesentlich sein kann, eingebaut ist. In der Zeichnung zeigen:
Figur 1- eine perspektivische Seitenansicht eines Ausführungsbeispiels einer elektrischen Heizvorrichtung für ein Kraftfahrzeug;
Figur 2- eine perspektivische Seitenansicht in Explosionsdarstellung eines Wärme erzeugenden Elementes der in
gezeigten elektrischen Heizvorrichtung;Figur 1 - Figur 3
- eine perspektivische Stirnseitenansicht des in
gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiels;Figur 2 - Figur 4
- eine perspektivische Seitenansicht des in
gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiels in einer Explosionsdarstellung der wesentlichen Bestandteile des Ausführungsbeispiels;Figur 1 - Figur 5
- einen Fügebereich zwischen einem Anschlussgehäuse und einem Schichtaufbau des in
den Figuren 1 und4 gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiels einer elektrischen Heizvorrichtung unter Weglassung verschiedener Elemente; Figur 6- eine Querschnittsdarstellung entlang der Linie VI-VI gemäß
Figur 7 , d.h. eine Schnittansicht durch ein Wärme erzeugendesElement nach Figur 2 auf mittlerer Höhe desselben unter Weglassung des Abschirmgehäuses; - Figur 7
- eine perspektivische Stirnseitenansicht des in
gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiels einer elektrischen Heizvorrichtung, welche Einblick in das Anschlussgehäuse gibt und bei dem die Leiterplatte sowie der Gehäusedeckel fehlen;Figur 1 Figur 8- das in
Figur 7 gezeichnete Detail VIII in vergrößerter Darstellung; Figur 9- eine Querschnittansicht des Anschlussgehäuses der elektrischen Heizvorrichtung nach
Figur 1 auf Höhe eine Kühlkörpers; Figur 10- eine perspektivische Seitenansicht auf ein erstes Ausführungsbeispiel eines Heizstabes, welcher in der elektrischen Heizvorrichtung nach
Figur 1 eingebaut sein kann; - Figur 11
- eine Querschnittsansicht entlang der Linie XI-XI gemäß der Darstellung in
;Figur 10 Figur 12- eine Seitenansicht des in
gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiel eines Heizstabes;Figur 10 - Figur 13
- eine perspektivische Seitenansicht gemäß
Figur 13 auf ein alternatives Ausführungsbeispiel eines Heizstabes; Figur 14- eine Querschnittsansicht entlang der Linie XIV-XIV gemäß der Darstellung in
Figur 13 ; - Figur 15
- eine Seitenansicht des in
Figur 13 gezeigten weiteren Ausführungsbeispiels eines Heizstabes; Figur 16- eine perspektivische Explosionsdarstellung eines zur Aufnahme von Heizstäben nach den
Figuren 13 bis 15 geeigneten Rahmens; - Figur 17
- eine Schichten des geschichteten Aufbaus teilweise weglassende perspektivische Draufsicht auf den randseitigen Bereich eines weiteren Ausführungsbeispiels einer erfindungsgemäßen Heizvorrichtung und
Figur 18- eine teilweise weggeschnittene perspektivische Seitenansicht des in
Figur 17 gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiels.
- FIG. 1
- a side perspective view of an embodiment of an electric heating device for a motor vehicle;
- FIG. 2
- an exploded perspective side view of a heat generating element of
FIG. 1 shown electric heater; - FIG. 3
- a perspective front view of the in
FIG. 2 shown embodiment; - FIG. 4
- a side perspective view of the
FIG. 1 embodiment shown in an exploded view of the essential components of the embodiment; - FIG. 5
- a joining region between a connection housing and a layer structure of the in the
FIGS. 1 and4 shown embodiment of an electric heater omitting various elements; - FIG. 6
- a cross-sectional view along the line VI-VI according to
FIG. 7 , ie a sectional view through a heat-generating element according toFIG. 2 at the middle height of the same, omitting the shielding housing; - FIG. 7
- a perspective front view of the in
FIG. 1 shown embodiment of an electric heater, which gives insight into the terminal housing and in which the circuit board and the housing cover are missing; - FIG. 8
- this in
FIG. 7 drawn detail VIII in an enlarged view; - FIG. 9
- a cross-sectional view of the terminal housing of the electric heater according to
FIG. 1 at the height of a heat sink; - FIG. 10
- a perspective side view of a first embodiment of a heating rod, which in the electric heater according to
FIG. 1 can be installed; - FIG. 11
- a cross-sectional view along the line XI-XI as shown in FIG
FIG. 10 ; - FIG. 12
- a side view of the in
FIG. 10 shown embodiment of a heating element; - FIG. 13
- a perspective side view according to
FIG. 13 to an alternative embodiment of a heating element; - FIG. 14
- a cross-sectional view along the line XIV-XIV as shown in FIG
FIG. 13 ; - FIG. 15
- a side view of the in
FIG. 13 shown another embodiment of a heating element; - FIG. 16
- an exploded perspective view of a recording of heating rods according to the
FIGS. 13 to 15 appropriate framework; - FIG. 17
- a layer of the layered structure partially omitting perspective top view of the edge region of another embodiment of a heating device according to the invention and
- FIG. 18
- a partially cutaway perspective side view of the
FIG. 17 shown embodiment.
Die
Der Steuerteil 4 wird außenseitig von einem Anschlussgehäuse 6 gebildet, welches - wie insbesondere die Darstellung gemäß
Der Gehäusedeckel 12 trägt ein weibliches Steckergehäuse 14 für den Leistungsstrom und ein weiteres weibliches und als Steuersteckergehäuse 16 ausgeformtes Gehäuseelement. Beide Steckergehäuse 14, 16 sind als Kunststoffelemente mit dem metallischen Gehäusedeckel 12 verbunden und bilden Führungs- und Gleitflächen für jeweils ein nicht dargestelltes männliches Steckerelement aus.The housing cover 12 carries a
Das Kunststoffgehäuseelement 10 nimmt eine Leiterplatte 18 in sich auf, die teilweise von einem Druckelement 20 überdeckt ist, welches nachfolgend noch näher erläutert wird. Die Leiterplatte 18 wird überragt von einem Plusanschlusssteckkontakt 22 und einem Minusanschlusssteckkontakt, die in dem Leistungssteckergehäuse freiliegen und mit der Leiterbahn elektrisch verbunden sind. Die Leiterplatte 18 trägt des Weiteren ein Steuerelementkontakte enthaltendes Steuerkontaktelement 26, welches über das Steuersteckergehäuse 16 mittels Leitungen erreichbar ist. Wie aus
Auf der der Leiterplatte 18 gegenüberliegenden Endseite bildet das Kunststoffgehäuseelement 10 zwei Kühlkanäle 30 für Kühlkörper 32 aus, die in
Die in
Der Leistungsteil 2 hat einen Rahmen 44, der bei dem Ausführungsbeispiel gemäß
Der Rahmen 44 bildet an gegenüberliegenden Außenseiten 54 jeweils Öffnungen 56 für den Durchtritt von zu erwärmender Luft des in dem Ausführungsbeispiel gezeigten Luftheizers aus. Diese Öffnungen 56 sind bei dem gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiel durch Querstreben 58 versteift, die gegenüberliegende Seitenränder des Rahmens 44 miteinander verbinden.The
Der Rahmen 44 definiert in seinem Inneren einen Aufnahmeraum 60, der derart angepasst ist, dass der Schichtaufbau 46 in dem Rahmen 44 eng eingepasst aufgenommen werden kann.The
Der Heizblock bzw. Schichtaufbau 46 ist im Wesentlichen aus den in den
Wie insbesondere
Wie insbesondere
Die Kontaktbleche 82 sind so dimensioniert, dass diese zwar innerhalb des Positionsrahmens 76 aufgenommen, jedoch umfänglich mit Abstand zu dem Positionsrahmen 78 angeordnet sind. Der insofern gebildete Umfangsspalt ist in
Zugang zu dem Inneren des Positionsrahmen 76 geben allein an einer Stirnseite des Positionsrahmens 76 und durch dessen Material einteilig daran ausgebildete Anschlussstutzen 92, die einen Kanal 94 zu Aufnahme von stiftförmigen Kontaktelementen 96 voll umfänglich umgeben. An ihrem freien Ende tragen die Anschlussstutzen 92 aus einem thermoplastischen Elastomer oder PTFE gebildete Dichtelemente 98 mit labyrinthartiger Dichtstruktur, die durch Umspritzen oder Aufstecken mit dem zugehörigen Anschlussstutzen 92 verbunden sein können. An der Stirnseite jedes Positionsrahmens 76 sind zwei Anschlussstutzen 92 mit identischer Ausgestaltung und Abdichtung vorgesehen zur Aufnahme von zwei Kontaktstiften 96 zur elektrischen Kontaktierung der Kontaktbleche 82.Access to the interior of the
Wie weiterhin
Auf seiner in
Wie
Wie
Der zuvor beschriebene Schichtaufbau 46 ist bei dem gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiel unter Federvorspannung in dem Rahmen 44 gehalten. Hierzu weist der Rahmen 44 durch die beiden Rahmenelemente 48 ausgebildete Federeinbringöffnungen 120 aus, die in den
Wie die
Die Kontaktstifte 96 durchsetzen jeweils Kontaktflächenelemente 134, die durch Stanzen und Biegen aus Blechen geformt sind und innerhalb des Anschlussgehäuses 6 mehrere Kontaktstifte 96 gleicher Polarität gruppieren, so dass diese einer Heizstufe zugeordnet sind. Das in
Die
Mittig zwischen den Kühlkörpern 32 und am Rand des Kunststoffgehäuseelementes 10 sind jeweils Befestigungsaugen 160 für das zuvor bereits allgemein eingeführte Druckelement 20 zu erkennen. Wie insbesondere die
Die Schnittansicht gemäß
In
Über die Kontaktzungen 144, 146 sind die Kontaktflächenelemente 134, 136 mit der Leiterplatte 18 kontaktiert. Eine zweite, von dem zweiten Kontaktflächenelement 138 abragende Plus-Kontaktzunge 186 (vgl.
Wie bereits zuvor beschrieben, ist auch der Kühlkörper 32 abgedichtet in der Kühlkörpereinbringöffnung 164 gehalten. Dabei zeigt das Ausführungsbeispiel, konkret
Dementsprechend ändert sich die Lage des Leistungsschalter 178 und der Leiterplatte 18 sowie des Druckelementes 20 bei einem Leistungsschalter 178 mit größerer Stärke nicht. Vielmehr wird der Kühlkörper 32 in der Kühlkörpereinbringöffnung 164 in Richtung auf das Leistungsteil 2 gedrängt, so dass das Dichtelement 172 unter Beibehaltung der Abdichtung des Kühlkörpers 32 stärker komprimiert und - gegenüber der Darstellung in
Das in den Figuren gezeigte Ausführungsbeispiel einer elektrischen Heizvorrichtung hat Wärme erzeugende Elemente, die in besonderer Weise ausgebildet sind, um Kriechstrecken zu verlängern und das Risiko einer Kriechstromübertragung zu vermindern. Diese besondere Gestaltung wird nachfolgend insbesondere unter Bezugnahme auf die
Wie insbesondere
Des Weiteren sind die Wärme erzeugenden Elemente 66 in besonderer Weise EMVgeschützt. So wird der Positionsrahmen 176 im Grunde vollumfänglich von einer Abschirmung umgeben, die einerseits durch die Blechabdeckung 110 des Positionsrahmens 76 und andererseits durch die Blechabdeckung 70 der Wellrippenelemente 64 gebildet sind. Wie
Sämtliche Wellrippenelemente 64 sind des Weiteren über an der Metallschale 8 angeformte Rastelemente miteinander verbunden, die in der Zeichnung nicht dargestellt sind, indes so ausgebildet sein können, wie dies die auf die Anmelderin zurückgehende
Das zuvor diskutiere Ausführungsbeispiel hat Wärme erzeugende Elemente 66, deren Aufnahme 78 hermetisch gegenüber der Umgebung abgedichtet ist, so dass Feuchtigkeit und Verschmutzung nicht zu den PTC-Elementen 80 gelangen kann. Dadurch ist eine hohe Isolation der PTC-Elemente 80 geschaffen, da eventuelle Ladungsträger die Isolation der PTC-Elemente 80, die in die Aufnahme 78 beim Stand der Technik gelangen können, die Isolation beeinträchtigen. Mit der vorliegenden Erfindung sind ferner sämtliche Wärme erzeugenden Elemente 66 dichtend in das Anschlussgehäuse 6 eingesetzt. Üblicherweise wird zur Überprüfung der notwendigen Dichtigkeit nach dem Fügen des Leistungsteils 2 an das Kunststoffgehäuseelement 10 an dessen freien, üblicherweise von dem Gehäusedeckel 12 verschlossenen Ende eine Prüfglocke aufgesetzt, die dichtend an den freien Rand des Kunststoffgehäuseelementes 10 angelegt wird. Über diese Prüfglocke wird der daran angeschlossene Teil der elektrischen Heizvorrichtung unter erhöhtem hydrostatischen Druck gesetzt, beispielsweise durch komprimierte Luft. Es wird ein gewisses Druckniveau gehalten und geprüft, ob dieses durch eventuelle Undichtigkeiten über die Zeit vermindert wird. Sollte dies nicht der Fall sein, wird das Bauteil als gut gewertet.The embodiment discussed above has
Dementsprechend wird bei der Herstellung des gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiels zunächst das Leistungsteil 2 separat hergestellt. Zunächst werden die Wärme erzeugenden Elemente 66 montiert. Dabei kann die Blechabdeckung 110 die Unterseite und damit jedenfalls nach dem Aufkleben der der Blechabdeckung 110 zugeordneten Isolierlage 90 den einseitig offenen Positionsrahmen 76 unterseitig verschließen, so dass von der anderen Seite die PTC-Elemente 80 eingelegt und danach das zugeordnete Kontaktblech 82 auf diese aufgelegt werden kann, um schließlich hierauf die Isolierlage 90 aufzulegen und über den Kleberand 88 gegenüber dem Positionsrahmen 76 abzudichten. In der insbesondere unter Bezugnahme auf
Nachdem sämtliche Elemente des Schichtaufbaus 46 in das Rahmenelement 48 eingelegt worden sind, wird der Rahmen 44 durch Auflegen und Verrasten des anderen Rahmenelementes 48 geschlossen. Danach werden über die Federeinbringöffnungen 120 die jeweiligen Federelemente 121 zwischen den Schichtaufbau 46 und einem äußeren Rand der durch den Rahmen 44 geschaffenen Aufnahme 60 eingeschoben. Schließlich werden die Federelemente 121 gegeneinander verspannt, wie dies in der
Die
Die
Die
Statt eines schalenförmigen, das Kunststoffgehäuseelement 10 aufnehmenden Gehäuseelementes ist ein Abschirmkontaktblech 192 vorgesehen, welches formschlüssig an äußeren Anlageflächen des Kunststoffgehäuseelementes 10 anliegt. Dieses bildet darüber hinaus Ausbuchtungen 194 aus, in welchen Abschirmkontaktzungen 196 des Abschirmkontaktbleches 192 aufgenommen sind. Die Abschirmkontaktzungen 196 sind jeweils auf Höhe eines Wärme erzeugenden Elementes 66 vorgesehen und kontaktieren den Rand 112 dieses Elementes 66. Ferner bildet das Abschirmkontaktblech 192 durch Stanzen und Biegen ausgeformte Federstege 198 aus, die an der Stirnseite jeweils eines der Kühlkörper 32 anliegen und mit diesem kontaktieren. Wie insbesondere
Wie des Weiteren insbesondere aus
Es ergibt sich eine vollständige Abschirmung sämtlicher, an der Stromführung beteiligter Elemente des Ausführungsbeispiels. Des Weiteren sind die Kühlkörper 32 über das Abschirmkontaktblech 192 auf Masse gelegt, so dass die zuverlässige elektrische Isolierung zwischen dem Leistungsschalter 178 und dem Kühlkörper 32 durch Überwachen des Massepotentials abgegriffen an dem Anschlussbolzen 200 überprüft werden kann. Ein etwaiger Defekt in der elektrischen Isolierung kann detektiert und ausgegeben werden, um zu verhindern, dass bei Wartungsarbeiten an der elektrischen Heizvorrichtung bei unzureichender elektrischer Isolierung das Wartungspotential einen Stromschlag erleidet.This results in a complete shielding of all, involved in the current management elements of the embodiment. Furthermore, the heat sinks 32 are grounded via the
- 22
- Leistungsteilpower unit
- 44
- Steuerteilcontrol part
- 66
- Anschlussgehäuseconnection housing
- 88th
- Abschirmgehäuse/MetallschaleShield / metal bowl
- 1010
- KunststoffgehäuseelementPlastic housing element
- 1212
- Gehäusedeckelhousing cover
- 1414
- weibliches Leistungssteckergehäusefemale power connector housing
- 1616
- weibliches Steuersteckergehäusefemale control connector housing
- 1818
- Leiterplattecircuit board
- 2020
- Druckelementpressure element
- 2222
- PlusanschlusssteckkontaktPlus connector plug contact
- 2424
- MinusanschlusssteckkontaktNegative connection plug contact
- 2626
- SteuerkontaktelementControl contact element
- 2828
- Anschlussbolzen/MasseTerminal stud / mass
- 3030
- Kühlkanalcooling channel
- 3232
- Kühlkörperheatsink
- 3434
- LuftdurchtrittskanalAir passage channel
- 3636
- DurchtrittsöffnungThrough opening
- 3838
- Verriegelungsöffnunglocking opening
- 4040
- Rastnaselocking lug
- 4242
- Befestigungsbohrungmounting hole
- 4444
- Rahmenframe
- 4646
- Schichtaufbau/HeizblockLayer structure / heating block
- 4848
- Rahmenelementframe element
- 5050
- männliches Rastelementmale detent element
- 5252
- weibliches Rastelementfemale locking element
- 5454
- Außenseite des RahmensOutside of the frame
- 5656
- Öffnungopening
- 5858
- Querstrebecrossmember
- 6060
- Aufnahmeraumaccommodation space
- 6262
- Heizstabheater
- 6464
- WellrippenelementCorrugated fins element
- 6666
- Wärme erzeugendes ElementHeat generating element
- 6868
- mäandrierend gebogener Blechstreifenmeandering curved sheet metal strip
- 7070
- Blechabdeckungmetal cover
- 7272
- Randedge
- 7474
- freies Ende des Wellrippenelementes des gebogenen Blechstreifensfree end of the corrugated fin element of the bent sheet metal strip
- 7676
- Positionsrahmenposition frame
- 7878
- Aufnahmeadmission
- 8080
- PTC-ElementPTC element
- 8282
- Kontaktblechcontact sheet
- 8484
- Umfangsspaltcircumferential gap
- 8686
- Dichtnutsealing groove
- 8888
- Kleberandadhesive edge
- 9090
- Isolierlageinsulating
- 9292
- Anschlussstutzenspigot
- 9494
- Kanalchannel
- 9696
- Kontaktstiftpin
- 9898
- Dichtelementsealing element
- 100100
- weibliche Clipselementaufnahmefemale clip element recording
- 102102
- versetzter Vorsprungstaggered lead
- 104104
- Clipsöffnungclips opening
- 106106
- Clipsöffnungclips opening
- 108108
- Clipsstegclips Steg
- 110110
- Blechabdeckungmetal cover
- 112112
- Randedge
- 114114
- Randflächeedge surface
- 116116
- Prüfkanaltest channel
- 118118
-
Ansatzbereich für den Rand 112Boundary region for the
edge 112 - 120120
- FedereinbringöffnungFedereinbringöffnung
- 121121
- Federelementspring element
- 122122
- HalteelementteilSupport member section
- 124124
- Rampenflächeramp surface
- 126126
- Halteelementretaining element
- 127127
- Positionieröffnungpositioning
- 128128
- Nutgroove
- 130130
- Bohrungdrilling
- 132132
- zylindrische Stutzenaufnahmecylindrical neck adapter
- 134134
- erstes Plus-Kontaktflächenelementfirst plus contact surface element
- 136136
- Minus-KontaktflächenelementMinus-contact surface element
- 138138
- zweites Plus-Kontaktflächenelementsecond plus contact surface element
- 140140
- Trennstegdivider
- 142142
- Anlageflächen der AnlageebenePlant surfaces of the plant level
- 143143
- Aussparungrecess
- 144144
- erste Plus-Kontaktzungefirst plus contact tongue
- 145145
- Verbindungslaschenconnecting straps
- 146146
- Minus-KontaktzungeMinus contact tongue
- 148148
- KontaktzungenhaltebereicheContact tongue retaining areas
- 150150
- Kontaktvorsprungcontact projection
- 152152
- Verriegelungsvorsprunglocking projection
- 154154
- Verriegelungsöffnunglocking opening
- 156156
- Klemmsegmentclamping segment
- 158158
- Anlageflächecontact surface
- 160160
- Befestigungsaugefastening eye
- 162162
- Wabenstegehoneycomb webs
- 164164
- KühlkörpereinbringöffnungKühlkörpereinbringöffnung
- 166166
- Rastpfostenlatch post
- 168168
- Rastschulterlocking shoulder
- 170170
- Raststeglatching web
- 172172
- Dichtelementsealing element
- 174174
- Abdichtaufnahmesealing seat
- 176176
- Unterseitebottom
- 178178
- Leistungsschalterbreakers
- 180180
- Bohrungdrilling
- 182182
- Druckstegpressure bar
- 184184
- Isolierschichtinsulating
- 186186
- zweite Plus-Kontaktzungesecond plus contact tongue
- 188188
- Vorsprünge/StützstellenProjections / support points
- 190190
- RahmenzwischenelementFrame intermediate element
- 192192
- AbschirmkontaktblechAbschirmkontaktblech
- 194194
- Ausbuchtungbulge
- 196196
- AbschirmkontaktzungeAbschirmkontaktzunge
- 198198
- Federstegspring bar
- 200200
- Anschlussbolzenconnecting bolt
- 202202
- Bolzenaufnahmebolt Hole
- LL
- Lagelocation
- Ee
- Ebenelevel
- SS
- Strömungsrichtungflow direction
Claims (12)
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass in Durchtrittsrichtung des zu erwärmenden Mediums wenigstens zwei Wellrippenelemente (64) hintereinander angeordnet sind, deren Wellrippen quer zu der Durchtrittsrichtung des zu erwärmenden Mediums versetzt angeordnet sind.An electric heater comprising a frame (44) forming on opposite sides openings (56) for the passage of a medium to be heated, and a layer structure (46) arranged in the frame (44), the layers (L) of corrugated fins and heat generating Comprising elements (64; 66), wherein the heat-generating element (66) has at least one PTC element (80) arranged between parallel contact plates (82),
characterized,
that in the direction of passage of the medium to be heated, at least two corrugated fin elements (64) are arranged one behind the other, whose corrugated ribs are arranged offset transversely to the passage direction of the medium to be heated.
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass der Rahmen (44) zwei die Öffnungen (56) ausbildende Rahmenelemente (48) und wenigstens ein dazwischen angeordnetes Rahmenzwischenelement (190) umfasst, die jeweils über ineinandergreifende Rastelemente (50, 52) miteinander verbindbar sind und dass die den Rahmen (44) ausbildenden Elemente so ausgebildet sind, dass ein allein durch die Rahmenelemente (48) gebildeter Rahmen (44) ein sich in Durchtrittsrichtung des zu erwärmenden Mediums erstreckenden Aufnahmeraum (60) ausbildet, der zur Aufnahme eines Schichtaufbaus (46) mit einer Ebene von Wellrippen und Wärme erzeugenden Elementen (64, 66) angepasst ausgebildet ist und dass ein durch die Rahmenelemente (48) und das Rahmenzwischenelement (190) gebildeter Rahmen (44) einen sich in Durchtrittsrichtung des zu erwärmenden Mediums erstreckenden Aufnahmeraum (60) ausbildet, der zur Aufnahme eines Schichtaufbaus (46) mehreren Ebenen von Wellrippen und Wärme erzeugenden Elementen (64, 66) angepasst ausgebildet ist.A frame for an electric heater forming on opposite sides openings (56) for the passage of a medium to be heated, and for receiving a layer structure (46) of the layers of corrugated fin elements (64) and at least one heat-generating element (FIG. 66) comprising at least one between parallel contact plates (82) arranged PTC elements has (80),
characterized,
in that the frame (44) comprises two frame elements (48) forming the openings (56) and at least one frame intermediate element (190) arranged therebetween, which in each case engage with one another via interengaging latching elements (50, 52) are connectable and that the frame (44) forming elements are formed so that an alone by the frame members (48) formed frame (44) in the passage direction of the medium to be heated extending receiving space (60) is formed, for receiving a layer structure (46) with a plane of corrugated ribs and heat generating elements (64, 66) adapted adapted and that by the frame members (48) and the frame intermediate member (190) formed frame (44) extending in the direction of passage of the medium to be heated receiving space (60) formed adapted for receiving a layer structure (46) a plurality of levels of corrugated fins and heat generating elements (64, 66).
Priority Applications (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP16169989.7A EP3079442B1 (en) | 2011-12-22 | 2011-12-22 | Electrical heating device and frame for same |
EP11010085.6A EP2608632B1 (en) | 2011-12-22 | 2011-12-22 | Electrical heating device and frame for same |
US13/723,346 US9291362B2 (en) | 2011-12-22 | 2012-12-21 | Electrical heating device and suitable frame |
DE102012025445A DE102012025445A1 (en) | 2011-12-22 | 2012-12-21 | Electrical heating device for motor car, has waving ribs arranged transverse to passage direction of medium, cooling body sealingly inserted into connector housing, and sealing element bridges gap between body and contours of housing |
CN201210568699.2A CN103188834B (en) | 2011-12-22 | 2012-12-24 | Electric heater unit and the framework for electric heater unit |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP11010085.6A EP2608632B1 (en) | 2011-12-22 | 2011-12-22 | Electrical heating device and frame for same |
Related Child Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP16169989.7A Division-Into EP3079442B1 (en) | 2011-12-22 | 2011-12-22 | Electrical heating device and frame for same |
EP16169989.7A Division EP3079442B1 (en) | 2011-12-22 | 2011-12-22 | Electrical heating device and frame for same |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2608632A1 true EP2608632A1 (en) | 2013-06-26 |
EP2608632B1 EP2608632B1 (en) | 2017-02-08 |
Family
ID=45421795
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP11010085.6A Active EP2608632B1 (en) | 2011-12-22 | 2011-12-22 | Electrical heating device and frame for same |
EP16169989.7A Active EP3079442B1 (en) | 2011-12-22 | 2011-12-22 | Electrical heating device and frame for same |
Family Applications After (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP16169989.7A Active EP3079442B1 (en) | 2011-12-22 | 2011-12-22 | Electrical heating device and frame for same |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US9291362B2 (en) |
EP (2) | EP2608632B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN103188834B (en) |
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EP3310127A1 (en) * | 2016-10-11 | 2018-04-18 | DBK David + Baader GmbH | High voltage air heater including a control housing and method for the assembly thereof |
FR3083952A1 (en) * | 2018-07-13 | 2020-01-17 | Valeo Systemes Thermiques | HEATING UNIT, ELECTRIC HEATING RADIATOR AND ASSOCIATED AIR CONDITIONING UNIT |
CN115823740A (en) * | 2023-02-20 | 2023-03-21 | 西南医科大学附属医院 | Fluid heater |
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KR101534976B1 (en) * | 2013-12-20 | 2015-07-07 | 현대자동차주식회사 | Hybrid heater core system |
KR101961290B1 (en) * | 2013-12-31 | 2019-03-25 | 한온시스템 주식회사 | PTC heater |
US11002465B2 (en) * | 2014-09-24 | 2021-05-11 | Bestway Inflatables & Materials Corp. | PTC heater |
EP3101998B1 (en) | 2015-06-02 | 2020-12-16 | Eberspächer catem GmbH & Co. KG | Ptc heating element and electric heating device containing such a ptc heating element and method for manufacturing an electric heating device |
DE102015012557A1 (en) * | 2015-09-25 | 2017-03-30 | Webasto SE | Heat exchanger and vehicle heater with a heat exchanger |
EP3910261A1 (en) | 2016-03-30 | 2021-11-17 | Marine Canada Acquisition Inc. | Vehicle heater and controls therefor |
RU170822U1 (en) * | 2016-04-07 | 2017-05-11 | Иван Сергеевич Сергиенко | ELECTRIC HEATING DEVICE WITH LIQUID HEATER |
KR101844882B1 (en) * | 2016-08-08 | 2018-04-03 | 엘지전자 주식회사 | Heating module and Heat assembly having the same |
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CN109429383A (en) * | 2017-08-25 | 2019-03-05 | 钡泰电子陶瓷股份有限公司 | Have the thermistor-type heater and its group equipment, method of radiator structure |
DE102017221490A1 (en) * | 2017-11-30 | 2019-06-06 | Eberspächer Catem Gmbh & Co. Kg | Electric heater |
FR3078145B1 (en) * | 2018-02-19 | 2021-10-29 | Valeo Systemes Thermiques | FRAME OF AN ELECTRIC HEATING DEVICE INCLUDING AN ELASTICALLY DEFORMABLE ELEMENT |
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DE102020123066A1 (en) * | 2019-11-18 | 2021-05-20 | Borgwarner Ludwigsburg Gmbh | Water heater |
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CN115823740B (en) * | 2023-02-20 | 2023-06-06 | 西南医科大学附属医院 | Fluid heater |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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CN103188834A (en) | 2013-07-03 |
EP2608632B1 (en) | 2017-02-08 |
EP3079442A1 (en) | 2016-10-12 |
US20130163969A1 (en) | 2013-06-27 |
CN103188834B (en) | 2016-04-13 |
EP3079442B1 (en) | 2019-06-26 |
US9291362B2 (en) | 2016-03-22 |
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