EP0350528A1 - Radiator - Google Patents

Radiator Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0350528A1
EP0350528A1 EP88111419A EP88111419A EP0350528A1 EP 0350528 A1 EP0350528 A1 EP 0350528A1 EP 88111419 A EP88111419 A EP 88111419A EP 88111419 A EP88111419 A EP 88111419A EP 0350528 A1 EP0350528 A1 EP 0350528A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
holding frame
heat
metal strips
radiator according
radiator
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP88111419A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0350528B1 (en
Inventor
Franz Bohlender
Josef David
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
DBK David and Baader GmbH
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DBK David and Baader GmbH
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Application filed by DBK David and Baader GmbH filed Critical DBK David and Baader GmbH
Priority to DE3869773T priority Critical patent/DE3869773C5/en
Priority to EP88111419A priority patent/EP0350528B1/en
Priority to ES198888111419T priority patent/ES2031184T3/en
Priority to JP1162822A priority patent/JPH083391B2/en
Priority to US07/373,906 priority patent/US5057672A/en
Publication of EP0350528A1 publication Critical patent/EP0350528A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0350528B1 publication Critical patent/EP0350528B1/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H3/00—Air heaters
    • F24H3/02—Air heaters with forced circulation
    • F24H3/04—Air heaters with forced circulation the air being in direct contact with the heating medium, e.g. electric heating element
    • F24H3/0405—Air heaters with forced circulation the air being in direct contact with the heating medium, e.g. electric heating element using electric energy supply, e.g. the heating medium being a resistive element; Heating by direct contact, i.e. with resistive elements, electrodes and fins being bonded together without additional element in-between
    • F24H3/0429—For vehicles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H1/00—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters
    • F24H1/0072—Special adaptations
    • F24H1/009—Special adaptations for vehicle systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H3/00—Air heaters
    • F24H3/02—Air heaters with forced circulation
    • F24H3/04—Air heaters with forced circulation the air being in direct contact with the heating medium, e.g. electric heating element
    • F24H3/0405—Air heaters with forced circulation the air being in direct contact with the heating medium, e.g. electric heating element using electric energy supply, e.g. the heating medium being a resistive element; Heating by direct contact, i.e. with resistive elements, electrodes and fins being bonded together without additional element in-between
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H3/00—Air heaters
    • F24H3/02—Air heaters with forced circulation
    • F24H3/04—Air heaters with forced circulation the air being in direct contact with the heating medium, e.g. electric heating element
    • F24H3/0405—Air heaters with forced circulation the air being in direct contact with the heating medium, e.g. electric heating element using electric energy supply, e.g. the heating medium being a resistive element; Heating by direct contact, i.e. with resistive elements, electrodes and fins being bonded together without additional element in-between
    • F24H3/0429—For vehicles
    • F24H3/0435—Structures comprising heat spreading elements in the form of fins
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H3/00—Air heaters
    • F24H3/02—Air heaters with forced circulation
    • F24H3/04—Air heaters with forced circulation the air being in direct contact with the heating medium, e.g. electric heating element
    • F24H3/0405—Air heaters with forced circulation the air being in direct contact with the heating medium, e.g. electric heating element using electric energy supply, e.g. the heating medium being a resistive element; Heating by direct contact, i.e. with resistive elements, electrodes and fins being bonded together without additional element in-between
    • F24H3/0429—For vehicles
    • F24H3/0452—Frame constructions
    • F24H3/047—Multiple-piece frames assembled on their four or more edges
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H3/00—Air heaters
    • F24H3/02—Air heaters with forced circulation
    • F24H3/04—Air heaters with forced circulation the air being in direct contact with the heating medium, e.g. electric heating element
    • F24H3/0405—Air heaters with forced circulation the air being in direct contact with the heating medium, e.g. electric heating element using electric energy supply, e.g. the heating medium being a resistive element; Heating by direct contact, i.e. with resistive elements, electrodes and fins being bonded together without additional element in-between
    • F24H3/0429—For vehicles
    • F24H3/0452—Frame constructions
    • F24H3/0476—Means for putting the electric heaters in the frame under strain, e.g. with springs
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H9/00—Details
    • F24H9/18—Arrangement or mounting of grates or heating means
    • F24H9/1854—Arrangement or mounting of grates or heating means for air heaters
    • F24H9/1863—Arrangement or mounting of electric heating means
    • F24H9/1872—PTC
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/10—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor
    • H05B3/12—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor characterised by the composition or nature of the conductive material
    • H05B3/14—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor characterised by the composition or nature of the conductive material the material being non-metallic
    • H05B3/141—Conductive ceramics, e.g. metal oxides, metal carbides, barium titanate, ferrites, zirconia, vitrous compounds

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a radiator, consisting of a flat holding frame and a plurality of elongated, heat-emitting elements, which are held by the same and extend parallel to one another in the plane spanned by the holding frame, each of which is abutted by a plurality of fins made of a good heat-conducting material. which extend transversely to the longitudinal extent of the heat-emitting elements essentially plane-parallel to one another and at a mutual distance between them or between them and two first spars of the holder frame.
  • a radiator is generally known; it is used, for example, as a heat exchanger in the cooling system of a water-cooled internal combustion engine or as a heat exchanger for the interior heating of motor vehicles.
  • the heat-emitting elements are pipes through which water or steam flows and which penetrate vertically through the fins which are attached to them, for example by means of brazed connections.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a radiator of the type mentioned, which is particularly suitable for use for automotive window heating, allows a compact structure and is able to give heat to an air stream very quickly.
  • the invention transforms a radiator of a known type, such as is used in particular in motor vehicles for delivering cooling water heat, to an electrically operated radiator, in which the heat-emitting elements are heated by electrical thermistor elements, of the type which are usually known as PTC resistors be designated.
  • Such PTC resistors have the property that they have a low electrical resistance in the cold state, which increases with increasing temperature, so that the current flowing through the PTC resistor decreases with increasing temperature.
  • the PTC resistor thus has self-regulating properties that prevent the PTC resistor from overheating.
  • the temperature that such a PTC resistor can reach at a given operating voltage can be influenced by certain parameters during production, which need not be explained here, however.
  • PTC resistors are widely used in technology as protective elements in devices in which overheating due to excessive operating current is to be prevented.
  • the abovementioned properties inherent in the PTC resistors must be given particular attention when PTC resistors are used as heating elements, as in the present case.
  • the aforementioned self-regulating property of a PTC resistor leads to the PTC resistor not being able to give off a sufficient amount of heat if the heat it has developed is not dissipated by it. It is therefore here for good heat transfer between the PTC resistor and the medium surrounding it Airflow to worry.
  • the features further characterizing the invention are directed to solving this problem. It is particularly important that the sheet metal strips touching the PTC resistors rest well against the PTC resistors, if possible over the entire surface.
  • spring elements are arranged in the holding frame, which press on the metal strips via the slats.
  • the sheet metal strips are held to a certain extent in the holding frame so that the pressure forces can be passed on to the sheet metal strips unhindered.
  • radiators according to the invention are not only suitable for that purpose, but are also open to a wide range of applications, in particular also in domestic installations, household appliances and the like.
  • the drawing shows a radiator from the side, cut in the upper section along the line I-I of Fig. 3.
  • the radiator consists of a holding frame 1 made of first, longitudinal frame bars 2 and second, transverse frame bars 3, which are connected at their ends and span a plane.
  • first frame bars 2 parallel to the first frame spars 2 in the present example, run two heat-emitting elements 4, each consisting of two sheet metal strips 5, which run parallel to one another and form an intermediate space between them, in which a plurality of PTC resistors 6 are arranged are, which abut the adjacent metal strips 5 with both sides.
  • the sheet metal strips 5 are kept electrically insulated from one another in the second frame spars 3, and at least two of them are provided with electrical connection elements, in the present case with flat plug connections 7, which protrude outward beyond the one frame spar 3.
  • a large number of plane-parallel lamellae 8 abut the free, ie, the PTC resistors 6 facing away from the flat strips 5 with their end faces.
  • This retaining strip 9 is preferably opposite the second Frame bars 3 are electrically insulated, but it does not necessarily have to be if the holding frame 1 may be galvanically connected to the power supply of the radiator.
  • the first, longitudinal frame spars 2 each consist of an inner band 11 in contact with the fins 8 of the outer group of fins and a relatively rigid rail 12, preferably U-shaped in cross section, which extends in the same direction and which has an intermediate space with the inner band 11 13 includes, in which there is a spring element, here in the form of an elongated, corrugated spring band 14, which is supported on the rail 12 and presses the inner band 11 against the slats 8.
  • the lamellae 8 of an outer lamella group can in each case be firmly connected on the end face to the inner band 11 or to the metal band 5, for example by soldering, or both to the inner band 11 and to the metal band 5 in order to form an integral unit.
  • the lamellae 8 of the inner lamella groups can be connected in the same way to the carrier strip 9 or to the adjacent metal strip 5.
  • the carrier tape 9 can optionally be omitted so that the radiator contains only three lamella groups, or it can be replaced by a further heat-emitting element made of sheet metal strips and PTC resistors, so that the radiator then contains three heat-emitting elements. It is also possible to provide a larger number of heat-emitting elements in the holding frame.
  • electrical voltage can be applied between the flat plug connections 7 and the flat plug connection 10, so that the voltage supply to one of the sheet metal strips 5 takes place via the carrier strip 9 and the lamellae 8 of the relevant inner lamella group lying between this and the relevant metal strip 5.
  • PTC resistors of the same characteristics are used, voltage of double magnitude can only be applied to the flat plug connections 7, so that an electrical series connection results.
  • the PTC resistors 6 can be kept at a distance between the metal strips 5 by a strip 15 made of electrically insulating material, which contains suitable openings 16 for receiving the PTC resistors 6, as can be seen clearly in FIGS. 1 and 3. It goes without saying that this strip 15 must not have a greater thickness than the PTC resistors 6, which in the example shown are of flat, disk-shaped form.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Resistance Heating (AREA)
  • Air-Conditioning For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Cooling Or The Like Of Semiconductors Or Solid State Devices (AREA)
  • Direct Air Heating By Heater Or Combustion Gas (AREA)
  • Cooling Or The Like Of Electrical Apparatus (AREA)

Abstract

A radiator, consisting of a plane holding frame (1) and a number of elements (4) which are held by the frame and extend parallel to one another and are adjoined by a plurality of lamellae (8) made of good heat-conducting material, contains electric PTC thermistors (6), as heat-emitting elements, which are in good heat-conducting contact with the adjoining parts of the radiator. In this manner, an overheating of the PTC thermistors, which could lead to an impairment of the heat emission of the same, is prevented. …<IMAGE>…

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung bezieht sich auf einen Radiator, bestehend aus einem ebenen Halterahmen und mehreren von diesem gehaltenen, sich parallel zueinander in der von dem Halterahmen aufgespannten Ebene erstreckenden, länglichen, wärmeabgebenden Elementen, an die jeweils eine Vielzahl von Lamellen aus gut wärmeleitendem Material anstoßen, die sich quer zur Längserstreckung der wärmeabgebenden Elemente im wesentlichen planparallel zueinander und in gegenseitigem Abstand zwischen diesen bzw. zwischen diesen und zwei ersten Holmen des Halterrahmens erstrecken. Ein solcher Radiator ist allgemein bekannt, er findet beispielsweise als Wärmetauscher im Kühlsystem einer wassergekühlten Brennkraftmaschine oder als Wärmetauscher für die Innenraumbeheizung von Kraftfahrzeugen Verwendung. Bei einem solchen Radiator sind die wärmeabgebenden Elemente wasser- oder dampfdurchströmte Rohre, die die Lamellen senkrecht durchdringen, die an ihnen befestigt sind, beispielsweise durch Hartlötverbindungen.The present invention relates to a radiator, consisting of a flat holding frame and a plurality of elongated, heat-emitting elements, which are held by the same and extend parallel to one another in the plane spanned by the holding frame, each of which is abutted by a plurality of fins made of a good heat-conducting material. which extend transversely to the longitudinal extent of the heat-emitting elements essentially plane-parallel to one another and at a mutual distance between them or between them and two first spars of the holder frame. Such a radiator is generally known; it is used, for example, as a heat exchanger in the cooling system of a water-cooled internal combustion engine or as a heat exchanger for the interior heating of motor vehicles. In such a radiator, the heat-emitting elements are pipes through which water or steam flows and which penetrate vertically through the fins which are attached to them, for example by means of brazed connections.

In einem Kraftfahrzeug ist es mitunter erforderlich, sehr schnell und ohne Verzögerung Warmluft bereitzustellen, beispielsweise um Scheiben abzutauen oder ein Beschlagen zu verhindern. Die in Kraftfahrzeugen üblicherweise eingesetzten Heizanlagen können diese Aufgabe nicht erfüllen, denn sie arbeiten mit dem Kühlwasser der Brennkraftmaschine als Wärmespender, so daß sie erst dann in der Lage sind, Wärme abzugeben, wenn die Brennkraftmaschine eine gewisse Zeit gelaufen ist. Gerade im Winterbetrieb, in dem sich am häufigsten die Situation ergibt, daß Scheiben abgetaut werden müssen, benötigt aber die Brennkraftmaschine, je nach Außentemperatur, beachtliche Zeit, um eine Wärme zu entwickeln, die für den Betrieb von Radiatoren ausreicht, mit denen Luft zur Beheizung von Scheiben erwärmt werden soll.In a motor vehicle, it is sometimes necessary to provide hot air very quickly and without delay, for example to defrost windows or prevent fogging. The heating systems usually used in motor vehicles can not fulfill this task because they work with the cooling water of the internal combustion engine as a heat donor, so that they are only able to give off heat when the internal combustion engine has run for a certain time. Especially in winter, in The most common situation is that windows must be defrosted, but the internal combustion engine, depending on the outside temperature, requires considerable time to develop a heat which is sufficient for the operation of radiators with which air is to be heated to heat the windows .

Die Erwärmung eines Luftstroms mittels stromdurchflossener elektrischer Widerstandsheizelemente ist allgemein bekannt. Klassische Anwendungsbeispiele sind Heizlüfter und Haartrockner. Nachteilig an Elektrowärmegeräten dieser Art ist, daß sie überhitzen und druchbrennen können, wenn die Luftströmung aus irgendeinem Grunde fehlen sollte, sei es wegen eines Ausfalls des Gebläsemotors, sei es aufgrund von Verstopfungen im Luftströmungskanal. Solche Geräte sind daher im allgemeinen thermostatgesichert, was einen zusätzlichen apparativen Aufwand erfordert. Bei einem Ausfall auch des Thermostaten kann jedoch eine Situation entstehen, die besonders dann prekär ist, wenn, wie in Kraftfahrzeuginstallationen gegeben, die elektrische Heizeinrichtung nicht von außen beobachtet werden kann. Es kann hierdurch zu Zerstörungen und sogar zu Bränden kommen.The heating of an air stream by means of current-carrying electrical resistance heating elements is generally known. Classic application examples are fan heaters and hair dryers. A disadvantage of electrical heating devices of this type is that they can overheat and burn if the air flow should be missing for any reason, either because of a fan motor failure or because of blockages in the air flow channel. Such devices are therefore generally thermostatic, which requires additional equipment. If the thermostat also fails, however, a situation can arise which is particularly precarious if, as is the case in motor vehicle installations, the electrical heating device cannot be observed from the outside. This can lead to destruction and even fire.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen Radiator der eingangs genannten Art anzugeben, der insbesondere für den Einsatz zur Kraftfahrzeugscheibenbeheizung geeignet ist, einen kompakten Aufbau zuläßt und in der Lage ist, sehr schnell Wärme an einen Luftstrom abzugeben.The invention has for its object to provide a radiator of the type mentioned, which is particularly suitable for use for automotive window heating, allows a compact structure and is able to give heat to an air stream very quickly.

Diese Aufgabe wird durch die kennzeichnenden Merkmale des Anspruchs 1 gelöst. Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung sind Gegenstand der Unteransprüche.This object is achieved by the characterizing features of claim 1. Advantageous embodiments of the invention are the subject of the dependent claims.

Die Erfindung gestaltet einen Radiator bekannter Art, wie er insbesondere in Kraftfahrzeugen zur Abgabe von Kühlwasserwärme benutzt wird, zu einem elektrisch betriebenen Radiator um, in dem die wärmeabgebenden Elemente von elektrischen Kaltleiterelementen beheizt sind, die von der Art sind, die üblicherweise als PTC-Widerstände bezeichnet werden.The invention transforms a radiator of a known type, such as is used in particular in motor vehicles for delivering cooling water heat, to an electrically operated radiator, in which the heat-emitting elements are heated by electrical thermistor elements, of the type which are usually known as PTC resistors be designated.

Solche PTC-Widerstände haben die Eigenschaft, daß sie in kaltem Zustand einen niedrigen elektrischen Widerstand aufweisen, der mit zunehmender Temperatur zunimmt, so daß mit steigender Temperatur der durch den PTC-Widerstand fließende Strom abnimmt. Der PTC-Widerstand hat somit selbstregelnde Eigenschaften, die eine Überhitzung des PTC-Widerstandes verhindern. Die Temperatur, die ein solcher PTC-Widerstand bei gegebener Betriebsspannung erreichen kann, läßt sich durch bestimmte Parameter bei der Herstellung beeinflussen, was hier jedoch nicht näher erläutert zu werden braucht.Such PTC resistors have the property that they have a low electrical resistance in the cold state, which increases with increasing temperature, so that the current flowing through the PTC resistor decreases with increasing temperature. The PTC resistor thus has self-regulating properties that prevent the PTC resistor from overheating. The temperature that such a PTC resistor can reach at a given operating voltage can be influenced by certain parameters during production, which need not be explained here, however.

PTC-Widerstände finden in der Technik in großem Umfang als Schutzelemente in Geräten Verwendung, in denen eine Überrhitzung durch zu hohen Betriebsstrom verhindert werden soll. Die vorgenannten, den PTC-Widerständen innewohnenden Eigenschaften müssen dann besonders beachtet werden, wenn PTC-Widerstände als Heizelemente, wie im vorliegenden Falle, eingesetzt werden. Die vorgenannte Selbstregelungseigenschaft eines PTC-Widerstandes führt dazu, daß der PTC-Widerstand keine ausreichende Wärmemenge abgeben kann, wenn die von ihm entwickelte Wärme nicht von ihm abgeführt wird. Es ist daher für einen guten Wärmeübergang zwischen dem PTC-Widerstand und dem ihn umgebenden Medium, hier ein Luftstrom, zu sorgen. Die die Erfindung weiter kennzeichnenden Merkmale sind auf die Lösung dieser Problematik gerichtet. Es ist insbesondere wesentlich, daß die die PTC-Widerstände berührenden Blechbänder gut, nach Möglichkeit vollflächig, an den PTC-Widerständen anliegen. Zu diesem Zweck sind in dem Halterahmen Federelemente angeordnet, die über die Lamellen auf die Blechbänder drücken. Es kann dazu vorteilhaft sein, wenn die Blechbänder in dem Halterahmen in gewissem Umfang beweglich gehalten sind, damit die Druckkräfte von den Lamellen ungehindert auf die Blechbänder weitergegeben werden können.PTC resistors are widely used in technology as protective elements in devices in which overheating due to excessive operating current is to be prevented. The abovementioned properties inherent in the PTC resistors must be given particular attention when PTC resistors are used as heating elements, as in the present case. The aforementioned self-regulating property of a PTC resistor leads to the PTC resistor not being able to give off a sufficient amount of heat if the heat it has developed is not dissipated by it. It is therefore here for good heat transfer between the PTC resistor and the medium surrounding it Airflow to worry. The features further characterizing the invention are directed to solving this problem. It is particularly important that the sheet metal strips touching the PTC resistors rest well against the PTC resistors, if possible over the entire surface. For this purpose, spring elements are arranged in the holding frame, which press on the metal strips via the slats. To this end, it can be advantageous if the sheet metal strips are held to a certain extent in the holding frame so that the pressure forces can be passed on to the sheet metal strips unhindered.

Obgleich einleitend insbesondere auf Wärmetauscher in Verbindung mit Brennkraftmaschinen bzw. Kraftfahrzeugen Bezug genommen worden ist, sei betont, daß Radiatoren nach der Erfindung nicht nur für jenen Einsatzzweck geeignet sind, sondern ihnen ein weites Anwendungsgebiet offensteht, insbesondere auch in Hausinstallationen, Haushaltsgeräten und dergleichen.Although in the introduction reference was made in particular to heat exchangers in connection with internal combustion engines or motor vehicles, it should be emphasized that radiators according to the invention are not only suitable for that purpose, but are also open to a wide range of applications, in particular also in domestic installations, household appliances and the like.

Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend unter Bezugnahme auf ein in den Zeichnungen dargestelltes Ausführungsbeispiel näher erläutert. Es zeigt:

  • Fig. 1 einen Radiator nach der Erfindung von der Seite, teilweise geschnitten,
  • Fig. 2 den Radiator nach Fig. 1 von der Stirnseite, und
  • Fig. 3 einen Schnitt durch den Radiator nach Fig. 1 längs der Linie III-III.
The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to an embodiment shown in the drawings. It shows:
  • 1 shows a radiator according to the invention from the side, partially in section,
  • Fig. 2 shows the radiator of FIG. 1 from the front, and
  • Fig. 3 shows a section through the radiator of FIG. 1 along the line III-III.

Die Zeichnung zeigt einen Radiator von der Seite, im oberen Abschnitt längs der Linie I-I von Fig. 3 geschnitten. Der Radiator besteht aus einem Halterahmen 1 aus ersten, längslaufenden Rahmenholmen 2 und zweiten, querlaufenden Rahmenholmen 3, die an ihren Enden miteinander verbunden sind und eine Ebene aufspannen. In der von dem Rahmen 1 aufgespannten Ebene verlaufen parallel zu den ersten Rahmenholmen 2 im vorliegenden Beispiel zwei wärmeabgebende Elemente 4, die jeweils aus zwei Blechbändern 5 bestehen, die parallel zueinander verlaufen und zwischen sich einen Zwischenraum ausbilden, in welchem mehrere PTC-Widerstände 6 angeordnet sind, die mit beiden Seiten an den benachbarten Blechbändern 5 anliegen.The drawing shows a radiator from the side, cut in the upper section along the line I-I of Fig. 3. The radiator consists of a holding frame 1 made of first, longitudinal frame bars 2 and second, transverse frame bars 3, which are connected at their ends and span a plane. In the plane spanned by the frame 1, parallel to the first frame spars 2 in the present example, run two heat-emitting elements 4, each consisting of two sheet metal strips 5, which run parallel to one another and form an intermediate space between them, in which a plurality of PTC resistors 6 are arranged are, which abut the adjacent metal strips 5 with both sides.

Die Blechbänder 5 sind in den zweiten Rahmenholmen 3 voneinander elektrisch isoliert gehalten, und wenigstens zwei von ihnen sind mit elektrischen Anschlußelementen, im vorliegenden Falle mit Flachsteckeranschlüssen 7, versehen, die nach außen über den einen Rahmenholm 3 vorstehen.The sheet metal strips 5 are kept electrically insulated from one another in the second frame spars 3, and at least two of them are provided with electrical connection elements, in the present case with flat plug connections 7, which protrude outward beyond the one frame spar 3.

An die freien, d.h. den PTC-Widerständen 6 abgewandten Flachseiten der Blechbänder 5 stoßen eine Vielzahl plan­paralleler Lamellen 8 mit ihren Stirnseiten an. Im dargestellten Beispiel erkennt man vier Lamellengruppen, von denen die jeweils außen, d.h. den ersten Rahmenholmen 2 benachbarten Lamellengruppen stirnseitig auch an die genannten Rahmenholme 2 anstoßen, während die innen liegenden Lamellengruppen mit ihren den wärmeabgebenden Elementen 4 abgewandten Stirnseiten an ein Trägerblechband 9 anstoßen, das sich parallel zu den ersten Rahmenholmen 2 in der von dem Halterahmen 1 aufgespannten Ebene zwischen den zweiten Rahmenholmen 3 erstreckt und an einem Ende mit einem elektrischen Anschlußelement, hier in Form eines Flachsteckeranschlusses 10, versehen ist. Auch dieses Halteblechband 9 ist vorzugsweise gegenüber den zweiten Rahmenholmen 3 elektrisch isoliert, muß es aber nicht unbedingt sein, wenn der Halterahmen 1 galvanisch mit der Stromversorgung des Radiators verbunden sein darf.A large number of plane-parallel lamellae 8 abut the free, ie, the PTC resistors 6 facing away from the flat strips 5 with their end faces. In the example shown one can see four lamella groups, of which the respective lamella groups adjacent to the outside, ie the first frame bars 2, also abut the aforementioned frame bars 2, while the inner lamella groups, with their end faces facing away from the heat-emitting elements 4, abut against a carrier sheet metal strip 9, which extends parallel to the first frame spars 2 in the plane spanned by the holding frame 1 between the second frame spars 3 and is provided at one end with an electrical connection element, here in the form of a flat plug connection 10. This retaining strip 9 is preferably opposite the second Frame bars 3 are electrically insulated, but it does not necessarily have to be if the holding frame 1 may be galvanically connected to the power supply of the radiator.

Die ersten, längslaufenden Rahmenholme 2 bestehen jeweils aus einem mit den Lamellen 8 der äußeren Lamellengruppen in Berührung stehenden inneren Band 11 und einer sich in gleicher Richtung erstreckenden, relativ steifen Schiene 12 von vorzugsweise U-förmigem Querschnitt, die mit dem inneren Band 11 einen Zwischenraum 13 einschließt, in welchem sich ein Federelement, hier in Form eines länglichen, gewellten Federbandes 14 befindet, das sich an der Schiene 12 abstützt und das innere Band 11 gegen die Lamellen 8 drückt.The first, longitudinal frame spars 2 each consist of an inner band 11 in contact with the fins 8 of the outer group of fins and a relatively rigid rail 12, preferably U-shaped in cross section, which extends in the same direction and which has an intermediate space with the inner band 11 13 includes, in which there is a spring element, here in the form of an elongated, corrugated spring band 14, which is supported on the rail 12 and presses the inner band 11 against the slats 8.

Die Lamellen 8 einer äußeren Lamellengruppe können stirnseitig jeweils mit dem inneren Band 11 oder mit dem Blechband 5 fest verbunden sein, beispielsweise durch Löten, oder sowohl mit dem inneren Band 11 als auch mit dem Blechband 5, um eine integrale Einheit zu bilden. Die Lamellen 8 der inneren Lamellengruppen können in gleicher Weise mit dem Trägerband 9 oder mit dem benachbarten Blechband 5 verbunden sein.The lamellae 8 of an outer lamella group can in each case be firmly connected on the end face to the inner band 11 or to the metal band 5, for example by soldering, or both to the inner band 11 and to the metal band 5 in order to form an integral unit. The lamellae 8 of the inner lamella groups can be connected in the same way to the carrier strip 9 or to the adjacent metal strip 5.

Das Trägerband 9 kann gegebenenfalls auch entfallen, so daß der Radiator nur drei Lamellengruppen enthält, oder er kann durch ein weiteres wärmeabgebendes Element aus Blechbändern und PTC-Widerständen ersetzt sein, so daß der Radiator dann drei wärmeabgebende Elemente enthält. Es ist auch möglich, eine größere Vielzahl von wärmeabgebenden Elementen in dem Halterahmen vorzusehen.The carrier tape 9 can optionally be omitted so that the radiator contains only three lamella groups, or it can be replaced by a further heat-emitting element made of sheet metal strips and PTC resistors, so that the radiator then contains three heat-emitting elements. It is also possible to provide a larger number of heat-emitting elements in the holding frame.

Elektrische Spannung kann im dargestellten Beispiel zwischen die Flachsteckeranschlüsse 7 und den Flachsteckeranschluß 10 angelegt werden, so daß die Spannungszuführung zu jeweils einem der Blechbänder 5 über das Trägerband 9 und die zwischen diesem und dem betreffenden Blechband 5 liegenden Lamellen 8 der betreffenden inneren Lamellengruppe erfolgt. Alternativ kann, PTC-Widerstände gleicher Charakteristika vorausgesestzt, Spannung doppelter Größe nur an die Flachsteckeranschlüsse 7 angelegt werden, so daß sich eine elektrische Reihenschaltung ergibt.In the example shown, electrical voltage can be applied between the flat plug connections 7 and the flat plug connection 10, so that the voltage supply to one of the sheet metal strips 5 takes place via the carrier strip 9 and the lamellae 8 of the relevant inner lamella group lying between this and the relevant metal strip 5. Alternatively, provided PTC resistors of the same characteristics are used, voltage of double magnitude can only be applied to the flat plug connections 7, so that an electrical series connection results.

Die PTC-Widerstände 6 können zwischen den Blechbändern 5 durch einen Streifen 15 aus elektrisch isolierendem Material auf Abstand gehalten sein, der passende Druchbrüche 16 zur Aufnahme der PTC-Widerstände 6 enthält, wie dies anschaulich in den Fig. 1 und 3 zu erkennen ist. Es versteht sich, daß dieser Streifen 15 keine größere Dicke haben darf, als die PTC-Widerstände 6, die im dargestellten Beispiel von flacher, scheibenförmiger Gestalt sind.The PTC resistors 6 can be kept at a distance between the metal strips 5 by a strip 15 made of electrically insulating material, which contains suitable openings 16 for receiving the PTC resistors 6, as can be seen clearly in FIGS. 1 and 3. It goes without saying that this strip 15 must not have a greater thickness than the PTC resistors 6, which in the example shown are of flat, disk-shaped form.

Claims (9)

1. Radiator, bestehend aus einem ebenen Halterahmen (1) und mehreren von diesem gehaltenen, sich parallel zueinander in der von dem Halterahmen (1) aufgespannten Ebene erstreckenden, länglichen, wärmeabgebenden Elementen (4), an die jeweils eine Vielzahl von Lamellen (8) aus gut wärmeleitendem Material anstoßen, die sich quer zur Längserstreckung der wärmeabgebenden Elemente (4) im wesentlichen planparallel zueinander und in gegenseitigem Abstand zwischen diesen bzw. zwischen diesen und zwei ersten Holmen (2) des Halterahmens (1) erstrecken, gekennzeichnet durch folgende Merkmale: a) die wärmeabgebenden Elemente (4) bestehen jeweils aus zwei planparallel zueinander angeordneten Blechbändern (5) und mehreren dazwischen nebeneinander angeordneten elektrischen Kaltleiterelementen (6), die die beiden Blechbänder (5) flächig berühren und mit diesen elektrisch verbunden sind, b) die Lamellen (8) stoßen stirnseitig jeweils an zwei benachbarte wärmeabgebende Elemente (4) bzw. an ein wärmeabgebendes Element (4) und einen der ersten Holme (2) des Halterahmens (1) oder ein Halteelement (9) an, c) die ersten Holme (2) des Halterahmens (1) bestehen jeweils aus einem mit den Lamellen (8) in Berührung stehenden inneren Band (11), einer parallel im Abstand dazu verlaufenden, steifen äußeren Schiene (12) und einer dazwischen angeordneten Federeinrichtung (14), die sich an der äußeren Schiene (12) abstützt und das innere Band (11) gegen die benachbarten Lamellen (8) drückt, und d) die Blechbänder (5) sind an ihren Enden in sich senkrecht dazu erstreckenden zweiten Holmen (3) des Halterahmens (1) elektrisch voneinander isoliert abgestützt und dort mit elektrischen Anschlußelementen (7) versehen. 1. Radiator, consisting of a flat holding frame (1) and a plurality of it held, extending parallel to each other in the plane spanned by the holding frame (1), elongated, heat-emitting elements (4), to each of which a plurality of fins (8 ) of good heat-conducting material, which extend transversely to the longitudinal extent of the heat-emitting elements (4) essentially plane-parallel to one another and at a mutual distance between them or between them and two first spars (2) of the holding frame (1), characterized by the following features: a) the heat-emitting elements (4) each consist of two sheet-metal strips (5) arranged plane-parallel to one another and a plurality of electrical thermistor elements (6) arranged between them, which contact the two sheet-metal strips (5) flatly and are electrically connected to them, b) the lamellae (8) each abut two adjacent heat-emitting elements (4) or one heat-emitting element (4) and one of the first bars (2) of the holding frame (1) or a holding element (9), c) the first spars (2) of the holding frame (1) each consist of an inner band (11) in contact with the slats (8), a parallel, spaced, rigid outer rail (12) and an intermediate spring device (14), which is supported on the outer rail (12) and presses the inner band (11) against the adjacent slats (8), and d) the metal strips (5) are supported at their ends in mutually perpendicular second spars (3) of the holding frame (1), electrically insulated from one another, and provided with electrical connection elements (7) there. 2. Radiator nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Blechbänder (5) in den zweiten Holmen (3) des Halterahmens (1) quer zur Längserstreckung der Blechbänder (5) in der von dem Halterahmen (1) aufgespannten Ebene in geringem Umfang beweglich gehalten sind.2. Radiator according to claim 1, characterized in that the metal strips (5) in the second spars (3) of the holding frame (1) transversely to the longitudinal extent of the metal strips (5) in the plane spanned by the holding frame (1) movable to a small extent are held. 3. Radiator nach einem der Ansprüche 1 und 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sich parallel zueinander erstreckende Lamellen (8) an wenigstens einer ihrer Stirnseiten fest miteinander verbunden sind.3. Radiator according to one of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that fins (8) extending parallel to one another are firmly connected to one another on at least one of their end faces. 4. Radiator nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, adurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Lamellen (8) jeweils mit wenigstens einem der Blechbänder (5) fest verbunden sind.4. Radiator according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the fins (8) are each firmly connected to at least one of the metal strips (5). 5. Radiator nach Anspruch 3 oder 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Lamellen (8) jeweils mit einem der inneren Blechbänder (11) fest verbunden sind.5. Radiator according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that the fins (8) are each firmly connected to one of the inner metal strips (11). 6. Radiator nach einem der Ansprüche 3 und 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Lamellen (8) mit einem Halteband (9) fest verbunden sind.6. Radiator according to one of claims 3 and 4, characterized in that the fins (8) with a retaining band (9) are fixedly connected. 7. Radiator nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die zweiten Holme (3) des Halterahmens (1) aus einem elektrisch isolierenden Material bestehen.7. Radiator according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the second bars (3) of the holding frame (1) consist of an electrically insulating material. 8. Radiator nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, adurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Federeinrichtungen jeweils aus einem länglichen, gewellten Federband (14) bestehen.8. Radiator according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the spring devices each consist of an elongated, corrugated spring band (14). 9. Radiator nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Kaltleiterelemente (6) zwischen den Blechbändern (5) durch einen Streifen (15) aus elektrisch isolierendem Material auf gegenseitigen Abstand gehalten sind, der Durchbrüche (16) zur Aufnahme der Kaltleiterelemente (6) aufweist und eine Dicke hat, die höchstens so groß wie die der Kaltleiterelemente (6) ist.9. Radiator according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the PTC elements (6) between the metal strips (5) are held at a mutual distance by a strip (15) made of electrically insulating material, the openings (16) for receiving the PTC thermistor elements (6) and has a thickness which is at most as large as that of the PTC thermistor elements (6).
EP88111419A 1988-07-15 1988-07-15 Radiator Expired - Lifetime EP0350528B1 (en)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3869773T DE3869773C5 (en) 1988-07-15 1988-07-15 Radiator.
EP88111419A EP0350528B1 (en) 1988-07-15 1988-07-15 Radiator
ES198888111419T ES2031184T3 (en) 1988-07-15 1988-07-15 RADIATOR
JP1162822A JPH083391B2 (en) 1988-07-15 1989-06-27 Radiator
US07/373,906 US5057672A (en) 1988-07-15 1989-06-29 Radiator having ptc electric resistance heating elements and spring-biased fin arrangement

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP88111419A EP0350528B1 (en) 1988-07-15 1988-07-15 Radiator

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0350528A1 true EP0350528A1 (en) 1990-01-17
EP0350528B1 EP0350528B1 (en) 1992-04-01

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US (1) US5057672A (en)
EP (1) EP0350528B1 (en)
JP (1) JPH083391B2 (en)
DE (1) DE3869773C5 (en)
ES (1) ES2031184T3 (en)

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US5057672A (en) 1991-10-15
JPH083391B2 (en) 1996-01-17
EP0350528B1 (en) 1992-04-01
DE3869773D1 (en) 1992-05-07
JPH0268453A (en) 1990-03-07
ES2031184T3 (en) 1992-12-01
DE3869773C5 (en) 2010-06-24

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