EP2600097B1 - Method for controlling the triggering of a warhead, control device and projectile fuse implementing such a method - Google Patents

Method for controlling the triggering of a warhead, control device and projectile fuse implementing such a method Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2600097B1
EP2600097B1 EP12187014.1A EP12187014A EP2600097B1 EP 2600097 B1 EP2600097 B1 EP 2600097B1 EP 12187014 A EP12187014 A EP 12187014A EP 2600097 B1 EP2600097 B1 EP 2600097B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
projectile
warhead
signal
fuze
triggering
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EP12187014.1A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2600097A1 (en
Inventor
Thierry Bredy
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Nexter Munitions SA
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Nexter Munitions SA
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
    • F42C13/00—Proximity fuzes; Fuzes for remote detonation
    • F42C13/02—Proximity fuzes; Fuzes for remote detonation operated by intensity of light or similar radiation
    • F42C13/026—Remotely actuated projectile fuzes operated by optical transmission links
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
    • F42C13/00—Proximity fuzes; Fuzes for remote detonation
    • F42C13/04—Proximity fuzes; Fuzes for remote detonation operated by radio waves
    • F42C13/047—Remotely actuated projectile fuzes operated by radio transmission links
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
    • F42C15/00—Arming-means in fuzes; Safety means for preventing premature detonation of fuzes or charges
    • F42C15/44—Arrangements for disarming, or for rendering harmless, fuzes after arming, e.g. after launch

Definitions

  • the technical field of the invention is that of methods and devices for controlling the triggering of the military load of a projectile from a platform.
  • the platform may be constituted for example by a turret mounted on an armored vehicle and equipped with a barrel.
  • This programming is transmitted for example to the projectile before shooting it.
  • the rocket of the projectile incorporates a receiver means of this programming which can be for example an inductive means, one or more electrical contacts ...
  • This programming can also be transmitted to the rocket of the projectile at the exit of the tube of the weapon by inductive, optical or radio means ....
  • a receiver means of this programming can be for example an inductive means, one or more electrical contacts ...
  • This programming can also be transmitted to the rocket of the projectile at the exit of the tube of the weapon by inductive, optical or radio means ....
  • One can thus mention the patent FR2608267 B1 which describes an ammunition containing a firing programmable fuse, a photosensitive sensor for receiving coded light signals from the weapon, and a decoding circuit of the signals provided by the sensor and programming the fuse according to said signals.
  • a projectile has a radius of effectiveness that is known and defined during its design. Its lethal effect will however be more or less important depending on its relative position vis-à-vis the target when the trigger will be controlled.
  • This method is only suitable for long-range projectiles such as missiles or artillery projectiles.
  • the patent GB1605302 describes an anti-helicopter weapon system associating a firing line and a projectile, the firing line causing at a moment calculated the sending, by a laser range finder, of a pulse which will cause the projectile to be fired.
  • Licences DE731849 and GB2132740 describe a method for controlling projectile triggering in the vicinity of a target using a visible or invisible beam. According to this method the entry of a projectile into the control beam automatically causes the detonation of the projectile. Such a device does not sufficiently control a lethal zone. Indeed any projectile entering the beam is automatically triggered, even if it enters this beam at a significant distance from the target. The beam offset allows you to change the trigger time for a given projectile, but it also changes it for all other projectiles, even those entering the area in a reverse direction and at a different distance from the target.
  • the patent US3616754 discloses a method for preventing the explosion of projectiles in a safety zone, wherein a transmitter in the safety zone emits a signal whose intensity decreases in a predetermined manner as it moves away from the transmitter , which signal is detected by a projectile, the explosion of the projectile being prohibited if the signal is detected with an intensity corresponding to a distance to the transmitter included in the safety zone.
  • the patent DE102007007404 describes a method of remote control of the operation of a projectile generating chips. According to this method, projectile-specific code is transmitted to the projectile which will be used by the rocket to cause the immediate initiation of the projectile. This method also does not allow to control a lethal zone.
  • the patent US3912197 finally describes a method of laser beam guidance of an annular projectile. Sensors carried by the projectile detect the position of the projectile in the laser beam which makes it possible to control commands correction of the trajectory. This method also does not allow it to control a lethal zone.
  • the object of the invention is to propose a method for controlling the triggering of a military load which makes it possible to overcome such disadvantages.
  • the method according to the invention makes it possible to define directly from the platform a zone of terrain in which the projectile will have a validated operation or will be inhibited.
  • the subject of the invention is a method as defined in claim 1 for controlling the triggering of a military load of a projectile from a platform, the projectile comprising a rocket providing control of the triggering of a the military charge following the occurrence of at least one event.
  • the beam may incorporate a confirmation signal of the operation of the projectile rocket.
  • the control beam may comprise a coding signal which will be associated with the confirmation signal, this signal coding method for associating the confirmation with a given projectile.
  • the invention also relates to a device as defined in claim 4, for controlling the triggering of a military load implementing such a method.
  • the signal incorporated by the electronic unit in the carrier wave of the control beam may be a confirmation signal of the operation of the rocket of the projectile.
  • the electronic unit may incorporate into the control beam a coding signal which will be incorporated or associated with the confirmation signal, this coding signal making it possible to associate the confirmation with a given projectile.
  • the transmitter may include at least one orientable antenna relative to the platform.
  • the invention finally relates to a projectile rocket as defined in claim 8, associated with such a control device.
  • the rocket according to the invention is more particularly suitable for producing a projectile with reduced lethality.
  • the rocket control unit will be able to compare the received signal with an expected value and stored in memory, the positive result of this test being used by the control unit to authorize the triggering of the military charge. .
  • a platform 1 which is shown here schematically in the form of a tracked armored vehicle, carries a weapon system 2 for firing projectiles 3 along a ballistic trajectory 4.
  • the weapon system 2 (which is here represented by way of illustration) is a gun mounted on a turret 5 which is orientable in location and in register with respect to the frame of the platform 1.
  • the weapon system could be more simply a fixed or orientable cupola allowing ammunition firing close defense.
  • Close defense ammunition firing systems are well known to those skilled in the art. They usually associate several fixed tubes with a well-defined angle of elevation and location.
  • Each close defense ammunition consists of a hard case that contains at least one projectile whose caliber is between 60mm and 90mm. This case is secured to a base which is itself fastenable by a connecting means to a fixed base of the platform. Most often the joining is done by a bayonet mount.
  • the patent FR2612287 describes such a type of ammunition (smoke ammunition).
  • the platform 1 carries a device for controlling the triggering of a military load 7 contained in the projectile 3.
  • the projectile 3 also comprises, in a conventional manner, a rocket 8 providing control of the triggering of the military load 7.
  • the control device comprises at least one emitter 6 of at least one electromagnetic control beam 9.
  • the electromagnetic beam may be an optical or radioelectric beam.
  • radio beam it will be preferred to use a radio beam to reduce the sensitivity of the device to disturbances or countermeasures.
  • the transmitter 6 is integral with the platform 1 and it emits a beam 9 which is oriented towards an area of the space that can be traversed by the projectile 3.
  • the figure 2 shows more precisely the structure of the transmitter 6 of the device according to the invention and the associated rocket 8.
  • the transmitter 6 comprises an antenna 10 which is mechanically orientable relative to the platform 1.
  • the antenna 10 is fixed, via a shaft 16, to a base 11 which is pivotally mounted by relative to a support 13 secured to the turret 5 and around a vertical axis 12.
  • the support 11 and the antenna 10 are driven by a first motor 14.
  • the antenna 10 is also pivotally mounted relative to an axis perpendicular to the plane of the figure 2 (horizontal axis). For this, the antenna 10 is articulated on a stirrup 15 integral with the shaft 16. A second motor 17 makes it possible to control the pivoting of the antenna 10 around this horizontal axis.
  • the two engines 14 and 17 are driven by an electronic unit 18 which is itself connected to a firing line 19, consisting of a control means associated with a man-machine interface, firing line which allows to take into account different operating parameters from data, provided by the operator, or provided by the platform equipment (target coordinates, attitude of the platform, type of ammunition implemented ...) and visualize the state of the device and in particular the pointing angles in the site and in the bearing of the antenna 10.
  • a firing line 19 consisting of a control means associated with a man-machine interface, firing line which allows to take into account different operating parameters from data, provided by the operator, or provided by the platform equipment (target coordinates, attitude of the platform, type of ammunition implemented ...) and visualize the state of the device and in particular the pointing angles in the site and in the bearing of the antenna 10.
  • the same figure 2 shows the rocket 8 disposed at the rear of the projectile 3.
  • This rocket comprises a safety and arming device 19 of known type which comprises for example a movable flap 20 carrying a detonator primer 21.
  • the flap is moved when firing the projectile to bring the primer 21 opposite the military load 7 which allows its subsequent initiation by a control unit 22.
  • the control unit 22 is connected via a receiver means 22a to a receiving antenna 23 (receiving means 22a and antenna 23 constituting an electromagnetic beam receiver 9).
  • the receiving antenna 23 is sized and located so as to be able to receive the electromagnetic beam 9 emitted by the transmitting antenna 10.
  • the receiving antenna 23 will, for example, be localized at the rear base of the projectile 3 and it can be made from of antennas of the "patch" type when the transmitter 6 uses a millimeter wavelength carrier.
  • the receiving antenna 23 would include at least one photosensitive sensor.
  • control unit 22 makes it possible to trigger the military load 7 as a result of the occurrence of at least one event.
  • the event triggering the charge is a timekeeping information which is programmed before firing and counted by the control unit 22 from the detection of a firing instant of the projectile 3.
  • the detection of the firing instant is made conventionally with an inertial sensor 24.
  • the receiver means 22a is a decoding means for extracting from the electromagnetic carrier wave of the beam 9 at least one signal.
  • This signal has itself been incorporated into the carrier wave of the beam 9 by the electronic unit 18 of the transmitter 6.
  • the beam 9 is thus for example constituted by radio-frequency radiation whose carrier is modulated in amplitude, in frequency or in phase.
  • this signal is extracted from the carrier wave by the receiver means 22a. It is then processed in the control unit 22 of the rocket 8 in which it is compared to a digital value which is stored in the control unit 22 before firing.
  • figure 2 an antenna 10 orientable in site and in the field with engines 14 and 17.
  • antennas which are mechanically fixed but whose beam 9 is electronically steerable (multi source antenna).
  • These antennas are well known to those skilled in the art. They are formed of transmit networks whose gain and directivity are controlled using a phase modulation and amplitude.
  • control unit 22 uses the signal thus decoded as an event that is combined with at least one other event to develop a command order of the rocket.
  • the figure 3 is a logic diagram that represents the succession of steps conducted inside the rocket 8.
  • Step E1 is the step of receiving the electromagnetic radiation by the receiving antenna 23.
  • step E2 the receiver means 22a associated with the control unit 22 extracts the signal incorporated in the carrier of the beam 9.
  • the T1 test is a control of the presence of a signal in the received radiation, signal corresponding to that which is expected by the rocket 8. Note indeed that there are many electromagnetic sources on the battlefield. It is therefore necessary for the rocket 8 to be able to discriminate a signal which is specifically intended for it and which is sent to it by the transmitting antenna 10.
  • control unit 22 of the rocket 8 conducts a test T2 which is the verification of the realization of another expected event and necessary for the rocket to trigger the military charge 7, for example the lapse of a delay of scheduled chronometry before shooting.
  • the digital signal incorporated in the control beam 9 then acts as a confirmation signal for the operation of the rocket 8 of the projectile.
  • the military load 7 can be actuated only if the projectile 3 is in the beam 9.
  • FIG. 25 a horizontal plane which is located at a height of the ground H of the order of 5 m. This height is the height below which a non-lethal projectile must not to be initiated, because the risk of projection of fragments of the envelope or other components of the projectile would be too important.
  • the beam 9 is oriented so as to be located above the plane 25. This orientation can be maintained even if the vehicle 1 is in motion. It suffices to control the positioning instructions of the actuators 14 and 17 at the electronic control unit 18.
  • Such a variant is particularly well suited to close defense devices for which there are several tubes with different spatial orientations.
  • a firing platform 1 which is a vehicle whose turret 5 carries a main gun 2 and a close defense turret 5a equipped with several tubes 2a, 2b (only two tubes are shown).
  • the cupola 5a is equipped with a control device according to the invention which comprises a transmitter whose antenna 10 can emit several electromagnetic beams and preferably at least one beam per tube 2a, 2b.
  • a control device according to the invention which comprises a transmitter whose antenna 10 can emit several electromagnetic beams and preferably at least one beam per tube 2a, 2b.
  • two beams 9a and 9b each beam being oriented so as to cover a zone of the space that can be traversed by a projectile 3a or 3b pulled by the tube 2a or the tube 2b.
  • each beam carries a confirmation signal which is intended for the projectile 3a or 3b considered.
  • the operation of projectile rockets is then identical to that described above.
  • the figure 5 shows such an alternative embodiment in which the tube 2b of the cupola 5a successively fires two projectiles 3b1 and 3b2 substantially along the same ballistic trajectory 4b.
  • Each projectile has a lethal radius of its own.
  • the control device then comprises a transmitter whose antenna 10 can emit two electromagnetic beams 9b1 and 9b2 substantially in the same direction but with different orientation characteristics and angular apertures.
  • the beam 9b2 has its lower limit further from the ground than the beam 9b1.
  • the two projectiles 3b1 and 3b2 however, cut the two beams and it is necessary that the projectile 3b1 is initiated only in the beam 9b1 while the projectile 3b2 must be initiated in the beam 9b2.
  • Each type of projectile with well-defined lethality characteristics may be associated with a particular numerical code.
  • This code will be stored in the electronic control unit 18 and may be incorporated into the electromagnetic beam in the same way as the confirmation code. In this case another test will be carried out in the rocket parallel to or following the T1 and T2 tests ( figure 3 ). This test is not represented at figure 3 but its positive result will be addressed to the AND gate, in parallel with the results of the other tests.
  • the figure 6 shows such a variant in which a second antenna 10 'is disposed at a front portion of the chassis 1a of the vehicle.
  • This antenna is connected to the same computing unit 18 as the antenna 10 of the cupola, in order to synchronize the emissions.
  • the antenna 10 ' emits an electromagnetic beam 9' which cuts off the electromagnetic beam 9 coming from the antenna 10.
  • Each beam will carry a confirmation signal with a specific coding.
  • the rocket projectile 3a will be designed to operate only in the portion 26 common to the two beams, part in which its antenna will simultaneously receive the two codings expected.
  • the receiver 22a associated with the control unit 22 extracts the signal incorporated into the carrier of the electromagnetic wave received from the beam 9.
  • the T1 test is a control of the presence of a signal in the received radiation, signal corresponding to that which is expected by the fuse 8 and incorporating the coding associated with the antenna 10.
  • the step E4 is the step of receiving the electromagnetic radiation of the beam 9 'by the receiving antenna 23.
  • step E5 the receiver 22a associated with the control unit 22 extracts the signal incorporated into the carrier of the electromagnetic wave received from the beam 9 '.
  • the test T3 is a control of the presence of a signal in the received radiation, signal corresponding to that which is expected by the fuse 8 and incorporating the coding associated with the antenna 10 '.
  • control unit 22 conducts as previously the T2 test which is the verification of the achievement of another event expected and necessary for the rocket to trigger the military load 7, for example the flow of a programmed chronometry period.
  • an AND gate combines the completion of the three tests to develop the command order of the operation of the rocket that is to say trigger the military load (step E3).
  • the triggering of the military charge will therefore intervene only if the three events are simultaneously present, ie if the projectile is in the zone 26 common to the two beams 9 and 9 '.
  • This embodiment is particularly well suited to the implementation of non-lethal munitions for which it is desired to control the actually non-lethal use gauge.
  • This embodiment will be rather adapted to the implementation of lethal munitions but for which it is desired to prohibit the operation in certain areas of land.
  • the figure 8 schematically in top view such an implementation.
  • the armored vehicle 1 forming the platform pulls through its weapon tube 2 a projectile 3. It is desired to protect two zones of terrain: a building Z1 and a tank Z2.
  • the platform 1 is equipped with a device according to the invention which comprises two antennas 10a and 10b which are each coupled to a transmitter, the emitters being connected to the same electronic unit (not shown) and which each emit an electromagnetic beam which is oriented towards the areas to be protected.
  • the beam 9a emitted by the antenna 10a covers the tank Z2 and the beam 9b emitted by the antenna 10b covers the building Z1.
  • the rocket 8 and the electronic control unit associated with the antennas 10a and 10b and their transmitters have the same structure as that described above with reference to FIG. figure 2 . This mode differs only by the method used.
  • the two identical test loops T1 and T3 symbolize the detection at the rocket of the projectile of the signal corresponding to the beam 9a (test T1) or the beam 9b (test T3).
  • the steps E1 and E4 respectively correspond to the reception of the electromagnetic beams 9a or 9b.
  • the steps E2 and E5 respectively correspond to the decoding by the receiver 22a of the signals included in the beams 9a and 9b.
  • the output of the OR gate is applied to the AND gate via a NO gate. Thus, it is only when no inhibit signal is detected that the military load can be controlled at the end of the event test T2.
  • the signal transmitted by the control device is a signal of inhibition (or prohibition) of the order of control of the rocket therefore the operation of the military load.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)

Description

Le domaine technique de l'invention est celui des procédés et dispositifs permettant le contrôle du déclenchement de la charge militaire d'un projectile à partir d'une plate-forme.The technical field of the invention is that of methods and devices for controlling the triggering of the military load of a projectile from a platform.

Il est connu de réaliser à partir d'une plate-forme une programmation d'un instant de déclenchement d'une charge militaire d'un projectile sur sa trajectoire.It is known to realize from a platform programming a moment of triggering a military load of a projectile on its trajectory.

La plate-forme pourra être constituée par exemple par une tourelle montée sur un véhicule blindé et équipée d'un canon.The platform may be constituted for example by a turret mounted on an armored vehicle and equipped with a barrel.

Cette programmation est transmise par exemple au projectile avant le tir de celui-ci. La fusée du projectile incorpore un moyen récepteur de cette programmation qui peut être par exemple un moyen inductif, un ou des contacts électriques... Cette programmation peut également être transmise à la fusée du projectile à la sortie du tube de l'arme par des moyens inductifs, optiques ou radioélectriques.... On peut ainsi mentionner le brevet FR2608267 B1 qui décrit une munition contenant une fusée programmable de mise à feu, un capteur photosensible pour recevoir des signaux lumineux codés provenant de l'arme, et un circuit de décodage des signaux fournis par le capteur et de programmation de la fusée en fonction desdits signaux.This programming is transmitted for example to the projectile before shooting it. The rocket of the projectile incorporates a receiver means of this programming which can be for example an inductive means, one or more electrical contacts ... This programming can also be transmitted to the rocket of the projectile at the exit of the tube of the weapon by inductive, optical or radio means .... One can thus mention the patent FR2608267 B1 which describes an ammunition containing a firing programmable fuse, a photosensitive sensor for receiving coded light signals from the weapon, and a decoding circuit of the signals provided by the sensor and programming the fuse according to said signals.

Concrètement on transmet ainsi à un projectile une information de temporisation (ou fenêtre temporelle) du déclenchement de sa charge militaire. On commande alors l'instant sur trajectoire ou bien la fenêtre temporelle dans laquelle la charge militaire doit être initiée.Concretely one transmits to a projectile a timing information (or time window) of the triggering of its military load. We then control the moment on trajectory or the time window in which the military load must be initiated.

Ces procédés connus sont bien adaptés notamment à la mise en oeuvre de projectiles anti-aériens ou bien pour les obus d'artillerie à fonctionnement fusant. La transmission d'une information de temporisation préjuge cependant de la localisation relative du projectile sur le terrain par rapport à la cible à l'issue de la temporisation.These known methods are well suited in particular to the implementation of anti-aircraft projectiles or for artillery shells fuse operation. The transmission of a Timer information, however, prejudges the relative location of the projectile in the field relative to the target at the end of the delay.

Il peut résulter de cette approche, suivant la précision de localisation de la cible, des écarts entre la position relative souhaitée et la position relative effective du point de déclenchement de l'effet terminal par rapport à la cible.From this approach, depending on the location accuracy of the target, there may be differences between the desired relative position and the actual relative position of the trigger point of the end effect with respect to the target.

Or il existe aujourd'hui un besoin de maîtriser de plus en plus les effets collatéraux de tous les projectiles qui sont mis en oeuvre sur le champ de bataille.But today there is a need to control more and more the collateral effects of all projectiles that are implemented on the battlefield.

Un projectile a un rayon d'efficacité qui est connu et défini lors de sa conception. Son effet létal sera cependant plus ou moins important suivant sa position relative vis à vis de la cible lorsque le déclenchement sera commandé.A projectile has a radius of effectiveness that is known and defined during its design. Its lethal effect will however be more or less important depending on its relative position vis-à-vis the target when the trigger will be controlled.

Il est donc nécessaire de pouvoir maîtriser de façon relativement précise les zones dans lesquelles un projectile devra être efficace ou non.It is therefore necessary to be able to control in a relatively precise manner the areas in which a projectile will have to be effective or not.

On connait par le brevet EP2009387 un procédé dans lequel un projectile reçoit par programmation les coordonnées de sa cible. Ce projectile ne peut être déclenché que s'il se trouve orienté de façon à pouvoir atteindre la cible ainsi désignée.We know by the patent EP2009387 a method in which a projectile programmatically receives the coordinates of its target. This projectile can be fired only if it is oriented so as to reach the target thus designated.

Un tel procédé est cependant coûteux à mettre en oeuvre car il impose la mise en place dans le projectile de moyens de navigation et de localisation.Such a method is however expensive to implement because it requires the establishment in the projectile means of navigation and location.

Ce procédé n'est vraiment adapté qu'aux projectiles à longue portée tels que les missiles ou les projectiles d'artillerie.This method is only suitable for long-range projectiles such as missiles or artillery projectiles.

Le brevet GB1605302 décrit un système d'arme anti-hélicoptère associant une conduite de tir et un projectile, la conduite de tir provoquant à un instant calculé l'envoi, par un télémètre laser, d'une impulsion qui va provoquer le déclenchement du projectile.The patent GB1605302 describes an anti-helicopter weapon system associating a firing line and a projectile, the firing line causing at a moment calculated the sending, by a laser range finder, of a pulse which will cause the projectile to be fired.

Les brevets DE731849 et GB2132740 décrivent un procédé de commande du déclenchement de projectiles au voisinage d'une cible mettant en oeuvre un faisceau visible ou invisible. Suivant ce procédé l'entrée d'un projectile dans le faisceau de commande provoque automatiquement la détonation du projectile. Un tel dispositif ne permet pas de maîtriser suffisamment une zone de létalité. En effet tout projectile entrant dans le faisceau est automatiquement déclenché, même s'il entre dans ce faisceau à une distance importante de la cible. Le décalage du faisceau permet de modifier l'instant de déclenchement pour un projectile donné mais il le modifie également pour tous les autres projectiles même ceux pénétrant dans la zone suivant une direction inverse et à une distance différente de la cible.Licences DE731849 and GB2132740 describe a method for controlling projectile triggering in the vicinity of a target using a visible or invisible beam. According to this method the entry of a projectile into the control beam automatically causes the detonation of the projectile. Such a device does not sufficiently control a lethal zone. Indeed any projectile entering the beam is automatically triggered, even if it enters this beam at a significant distance from the target. The beam offset allows you to change the trigger time for a given projectile, but it also changes it for all other projectiles, even those entering the area in a reverse direction and at a different distance from the target.

Le brevet US3616754 décrit un procédé pour empêcher l'explosion de projectiles dans une zone de sécurité, procédé dans lequel un émetteur situé dans la zone de sécurité émet un signal dont l'intensité diminue de manière prédéterminée à mesure qu'il s'éloigne de l'émetteur, lequel signal est détecté par un projectile, l'explosion du projectile étant interdite si le signal est détecté avec une intensité correspondant à une distance à l'émetteur comprise dans la zone de sécurité.The patent US3616754 discloses a method for preventing the explosion of projectiles in a safety zone, wherein a transmitter in the safety zone emits a signal whose intensity decreases in a predetermined manner as it moves away from the transmitter , which signal is detected by a projectile, the explosion of the projectile being prohibited if the signal is detected with an intensity corresponding to a distance to the transmitter included in the safety zone.

Le brevet DE102007007404 décrit un procédé de télécommande du fonctionnement d'un projectile générateur d'éclats. Suivant ce procédé on transmet au projectile sur trajectoire un code spécifique au projectile qui sera utilisé par la fusée pour provoquer l'initiation immédiate du projectile. Ce procédé ne permet pas non plus de maîtriser une zone de létalité.The patent DE102007007404 describes a method of remote control of the operation of a projectile generating chips. According to this method, projectile-specific code is transmitted to the projectile which will be used by the rocket to cause the immediate initiation of the projectile. This method also does not allow to control a lethal zone.

Le brevet US3912197 enfin décrit un procédé de guidage par faisceau laser d'un projectile annulaire. Des capteurs portés par le projectile détectent la position du projectile dans le faisceau laser ce qui permet de commander des ordres de correction de la trajectoire. Ce procédé ne permet pas lui non plus de maîtriser une zone de létalité.The patent US3912197 finally describes a method of laser beam guidance of an annular projectile. Sensors carried by the projectile detect the position of the projectile in the laser beam which makes it possible to control commands correction of the trajectory. This method also does not allow it to control a lethal zone.

Il existe donc un problème de contrôle des zones de déclenchement effectif des charges militaires pour les projectiles à bas coûts, en particulier les projectiles tirés par les lanceurs des systèmes de défense rapprochée équipant les véhicules blindés.There is therefore a problem of controlling the effective triggering zones of the military charges for low-cost projectiles, in particular shots fired by the launchers of the close defense systems of armored vehicles.

Ceci est nécessaire pour maîtriser les zones de létalité effective des projectiles sur le terrain.This is necessary to control the zones of effective lethality of the projectiles on the ground.

Ceci est également nécessaire lorsqu'on réalise des projectiles dits à létalité réduite (par exemple à flash lumineux ou générateurs de bruit) et pour lesquels la létalité n'est effectivement réduite que si la charge militaire est initiée à une distance minimale des personnes présentes sur le terrain.This is also necessary when small-lethal projectiles (for example with a flash of light or noise generators) are produced and for which the lethality is effectively reduced only if the military charge is initiated at a minimum distance from the persons present on the field.

L'invention a pour objet de proposer un procédé de contrôle du déclenchement d'une charge militaire qui permette de pallier de tels inconvénients.The object of the invention is to propose a method for controlling the triggering of a military load which makes it possible to overcome such disadvantages.

Le procédé selon l'invention permet de définir directement à partir de la plate-forme une zone de terrain dans laquelle le projectile aura un fonctionnement validé ou bien sera inhibé.The method according to the invention makes it possible to define directly from the platform a zone of terrain in which the projectile will have a validated operation or will be inhibited.

Ainsi l'invention a pour objet un procédé tel que défini à la revendication 1, de contrôle du déclenchement d'une charge militaire d'un projectile à partir d'une plate-forme, le projectile comportant une fusée assurant la commande du déclenchement de la charge militaire comme suite à l'occurrence d'au moins un évènement.Thus, the subject of the invention is a method as defined in claim 1 for controlling the triggering of a military load of a projectile from a platform, the projectile comprising a rocket providing control of the triggering of a the military charge following the occurrence of at least one event.

Selon un mode particulier de réalisation, le faisceau pourra incorporer un signal de confirmation du fonctionnement de la fusée du projectile.According to a particular embodiment, the beam may incorporate a confirmation signal of the operation of the projectile rocket.

Le faisceau de commande pourra comporter un signal de codage qui sera associé au signal de confirmation, ce signal de codage permettant d'associer la confirmation à un projectile donné.The control beam may comprise a coding signal which will be associated with the confirmation signal, this signal coding method for associating the confirmation with a given projectile.

L'invention a également pour objet un dispositif tel que défini à la revendication 4, de contrôle du déclenchement d'une charge militaire mettant en oeuvre un tel procédé.The invention also relates to a device as defined in claim 4, for controlling the triggering of a military load implementing such a method.

Selon un mode de réalisation, le signal incorporé par l'unité électronique dans l'onde porteuse du faisceau de commande pourra être un signal de confirmation du fonctionnement de la fusée du projectile.According to one embodiment, the signal incorporated by the electronic unit in the carrier wave of the control beam may be a confirmation signal of the operation of the rocket of the projectile.

Selon une variante, l'unité électronique pourra incorporer dans le faisceau de commande un signal de codage qui sera incorporé ou associé au signal de confirmation, ce signal de codage permettant d'associer la confirmation à un projectile donné.According to a variant, the electronic unit may incorporate into the control beam a coding signal which will be incorporated or associated with the confirmation signal, this coding signal making it possible to associate the confirmation with a given projectile.

Par ailleurs, l'émetteur pourra comporter au moins une antenne orientable par rapport à la plate-forme.Furthermore, the transmitter may include at least one orientable antenna relative to the platform.

L'invention a enfin pour objet une fusée de projectile tel que définie à la revendication 8, associée à un tel dispositif de contrôle.The invention finally relates to a projectile rocket as defined in claim 8, associated with such a control device.

La fusée selon l'invention est plus particulièrement adaptée à la réalisation d'un projectile à létalité réduite.The rocket according to the invention is more particularly suitable for producing a projectile with reduced lethality.

Selon un mode de réalisation, l'unité de commande de la fusée pourra comparer le signal reçu à une valeur attendue et mise en mémoire, le résultat positif à ce test étant utilisé par l'unité de commande pour autoriser le déclenchement de la charge militaire.According to one embodiment, the rocket control unit will be able to compare the received signal with an expected value and stored in memory, the positive result of this test being used by the control unit to authorize the triggering of the military charge. .

L'invention sera mieux comprise à la lecture de la description qui va suivre de modes particuliers de réalisation, description faite en référence aux dessins annexés et dans lesquels.

  • la figure 1 montre de façon schématique une plate-forme équipée d'un dispositif selon l'invention ainsi que la mise en oeuvre du procédé selon l'invention,
  • la figure 2 est un schéma synoptique montrant la structure interne du dispositif de contrôle ainsi que de la fusée de projectile selon l'invention,
  • la figure 3 est un logigramme schématisant le fonctionnement de la fusée pour un mode de réalisation de l'invention,
  • la figure 4 montre de façon schématique une plate-forme équipée d'un dispositif selon un autre mode de réalisation de l'invention,
  • la figure 5 montre de façon schématique une plate-forme équipée d'un dispositif selon un autre mode de réalisation de l'invention,
  • la figure 6 montre de façon schématique une plate-forme équipée d'un dispositif selon un autre mode de réalisation de l'invention,
  • la figure 7 est un logigramme schématisant le fonctionnement de la fusée pour le mode de réalisation selon la figure 6,
  • la figure 8 montre de façon schématique une plate-forme équipée d'un dispositif selon un autre mode de réalisation l'invention,
  • la figure 9 est un logigramme schématisant le fonctionnement de la fusée pour le mode de réalisation selon la figure 8.
The invention will be better understood on reading the following description of particular embodiments, description made with reference to the accompanying drawings and in which.
  • the figure 1 shows schematically a platform equipped with a device according to the invention as well as the implementation of the method according to the invention,
  • the figure 2 is a block diagram showing the internal structure of the control device as well as the projectile rocket according to the invention,
  • the figure 3 is a logic diagram schematizing the operation of the rocket for an embodiment of the invention,
  • the figure 4 shows schematically a platform equipped with a device according to another embodiment of the invention,
  • the figure 5 shows schematically a platform equipped with a device according to another embodiment of the invention,
  • the figure 6 shows schematically a platform equipped with a device according to another embodiment of the invention,
  • the figure 7 is a logic diagram schematizing the operation of the rocket for the embodiment according to the figure 6 ,
  • the figure 8 shows schematically a platform equipped with a device according to another embodiment of the invention,
  • the figure 9 is a logic diagram schematizing the operation of the rocket for the embodiment according to the figure 8 .

En se reportant à la figure 1, une plate-forme 1, qui est représentée ici schématiquement sous la forme d'un véhicule blindé chenillé, porte un système d'arme 2 destiné à tirer des projectiles 3 le long d'une trajectoire balistique 4.Referring to the figure 1 , a platform 1, which is shown here schematically in the form of a tracked armored vehicle, carries a weapon system 2 for firing projectiles 3 along a ballistic trajectory 4.

Le système d'arme 2 (qui est ici représenté à titre d'illustration) est un canon monté sur une tourelle 5 qui est orientable en site et en gisement par rapport au châssis de la plate-forme 1.The weapon system 2 (which is here represented by way of illustration) is a gun mounted on a turret 5 which is orientable in location and in register with respect to the frame of the platform 1.

Le système d'arme pourrait être plus simplement un tourelleau fixe ou orientable permettant le tir de munitions de défense rapprochée. Les systèmes de tir de munitions de défense rapprochée sont bien connus de l'Homme du Métier. Ils associent généralement plusieurs tubes montés de façon fixe avec un angle de site et de gisement bien défini.The weapon system could be more simply a fixed or orientable cupola allowing ammunition firing close defense. Close defense ammunition firing systems are well known to those skilled in the art. They usually associate several fixed tubes with a well-defined angle of elevation and location.

Chaque munition de défense rapprochée est formée d'un étui rigide qui renferme au moins un projectile dont le calibre est compris ente 60mm et 90mm. Cet étui est solidaire d'un culot qui est lui-même solidarisable par un moyen de liaison à une embase de tir solidaire de la plate-forme. Le plus souvent la solidarisation se fait par un montage à baïonnette. Le brevet FR2612287 décrit un tel type de munition (munition fumigène).Each close defense ammunition consists of a hard case that contains at least one projectile whose caliber is between 60mm and 90mm. This case is secured to a base which is itself fastenable by a connecting means to a fixed base of the platform. Most often the joining is done by a bayonet mount. The patent FR2612287 describes such a type of ammunition (smoke ammunition).

Ces munitions de défense rapprochée permettent d'assurer la défense à courte ou moyenne portée de la plate-forme portant l'embase de tir. Les constructeurs ont développé toute une gamme de munitions adaptables à ces embases et permettant de remplir différentes fonctions : fumigène, leurre, contrôle de foule non létal, explosives...These close defense ammunition provide short or medium range defense of the platform carrying the base of fire. Manufacturers have developed a range of ammunition adaptable to these bases and to fulfill various functions: smoke, lure, non-lethal crowd control, explosive ...

Les brevets EP1128152 , EP2160563 , FR2712389 , FR2269701 , FR2851306 et EP1535017 décrivent quelques exemples de tels systèmes de défense rapprochée.Licences EP1128152 , EP2160563 , FR2712389 , FR2269701 , FR2851306 and EP1535017 describe some examples of such close defense systems.

Quel que soit le système d'arme mis en oeuvre, la plate-forme 1 porte un dispositif permettant le contrôle du déclenchement d'une charge militaire 7 contenue dans le projectile 3.Whatever the weapon system used, the platform 1 carries a device for controlling the triggering of a military load 7 contained in the projectile 3.

Le projectile 3 comporte par ailleurs d'une façon classique une fusée 8 assurant la commande du déclenchement de la charge militaire 7.The projectile 3 also comprises, in a conventional manner, a rocket 8 providing control of the triggering of the military load 7.

Le dispositif de contrôle selon l'invention comporte au moins un émetteur 6 d'au moins un faisceau électromagnétique de commande 9. Le faisceau électromagnétique pourra être un faisceau optique ou bien radio électrique.The control device according to the invention comprises at least one emitter 6 of at least one electromagnetic control beam 9. The electromagnetic beam may be an optical or radioelectric beam.

On préférera mettre en oeuvre un faisceau radioélectrique pour réduire la sensibilité du dispositif aux perturbations ou aux contre mesures.It will be preferred to use a radio beam to reduce the sensitivity of the device to disturbances or countermeasures.

Comme on le voit sur la figure 1, l'émetteur 6 est solidaire de la plate-forme 1 et il émet un faisceau 9 qui est orienté vers une zone de l'espace pouvant être traversée par le projectile 3.As we see on the figure 1 , the transmitter 6 is integral with the platform 1 and it emits a beam 9 which is oriented towards an area of the space that can be traversed by the projectile 3.

La figure 2 montre de façon plus précise la structure de l'émetteur 6 du dispositif selon l'invention et de la fusée 8 associée.The figure 2 shows more precisely the structure of the transmitter 6 of the device according to the invention and the associated rocket 8.

On voit sur cette figure 2 que l'émetteur 6 comporte une antenne 10 qui est orientable mécaniquement par rapport à la plate-forme 1. Pour cela l'antenne 10 est fixée, par l'intermédiaire d'un arbre 16, à un socle 11 qui est monté pivotant par rapport à un support 13 solidaire de la tourelle 5 et autour d'un axe vertical 12. Le support 11 et l'antenne 10 sont entraînés par une première motorisation 14.We see on this figure 2 that the transmitter 6 comprises an antenna 10 which is mechanically orientable relative to the platform 1. For this the antenna 10 is fixed, via a shaft 16, to a base 11 which is pivotally mounted by relative to a support 13 secured to the turret 5 and around a vertical axis 12. The support 11 and the antenna 10 are driven by a first motor 14.

L'antenne 10 est par ailleurs montée pivotante par rapport à un axe perpendiculaire au plan de la figure 2 (axe horizontal). Pour cela l'antenne 10 est articulée sur un étrier 15 solidaire de l'arbre 16. Une deuxième motorisation 17 permet de commander le pivotement de l'antenne 10 autour de cet axe horizontal.The antenna 10 is also pivotally mounted relative to an axis perpendicular to the plane of the figure 2 (horizontal axis). For this, the antenna 10 is articulated on a stirrup 15 integral with the shaft 16. A second motor 17 makes it possible to control the pivoting of the antenna 10 around this horizontal axis.

Les deux motorisations 14 et 17 sont pilotées par une unité électronique 18 qui est elle-même raccordée à une conduite de tir 19, constituée d'un moyen de contrôle associé à une interface homme-machine, conduite de tir qui permet de prendre en compte différents paramètres de fonctionnement à partir de données, soit fournies par l'opérateur, soit fournies par les équipements de la plateforme (coordonnées de la cible, attitude de la plate-forme, type de munition mise en oeuvre...) et de visualiser l'état du dispositif et en particulier les angles de pointage en site et en gisement de l'antenne 10.The two engines 14 and 17 are driven by an electronic unit 18 which is itself connected to a firing line 19, consisting of a control means associated with a man-machine interface, firing line which allows to take into account different operating parameters from data, provided by the operator, or provided by the platform equipment (target coordinates, attitude of the platform, type of ammunition implemented ...) and visualize the state of the device and in particular the pointing angles in the site and in the bearing of the antenna 10.

La même figure 2 montre la fusée 8 disposée à l'arrière du projectile 3.The same figure 2 shows the rocket 8 disposed at the rear of the projectile 3.

Cette fusée comporte un dispositif de sécurité et d'armement 19 de type connu qui comporte par exemple un volet mobile 20 portant une amorce détonateur 21. Le volet est déplacé lors du tir du projectile pour amener l'amorce 21 en regard de la charge militaire 7 ce qui permet son initiation ultérieure par une unité de commande 22.This rocket comprises a safety and arming device 19 of known type which comprises for example a movable flap 20 carrying a detonator primer 21. The flap is moved when firing the projectile to bring the primer 21 opposite the military load 7 which allows its subsequent initiation by a control unit 22.

L'unité de commande 22 est reliée par l'intermédiaire d'un moyen récepteur 22a à une antenne réceptrice 23 (moyen récepteur 22a et antenne 23 constituant un récepteur du faisceau électromagnétique 9). L'antenne réceptrice 23 est dimensionnée et localisée de façon à pouvoir recevoir le faisceau électromagnétique 9 émis par l'antenne émettrice 10. L'antenne réceptrice 23 sera par exemple localisée au niveau du culot arrière du projectile 3 et elle pourra être réalisée à partir d'antennes de type "Patch" lorsque l'émetteur 6 utilise une porteuse de longueur d'onde millimétrique.The control unit 22 is connected via a receiver means 22a to a receiving antenna 23 (receiving means 22a and antenna 23 constituting an electromagnetic beam receiver 9). The receiving antenna 23 is sized and located so as to be able to receive the electromagnetic beam 9 emitted by the transmitting antenna 10. The receiving antenna 23 will, for example, be localized at the rear base of the projectile 3 and it can be made from of antennas of the "patch" type when the transmitter 6 uses a millimeter wavelength carrier.

Si l'émetteur 6 était un émetteur optique, l'antenne réceptrice 23 comprendrait au moins un capteur photosensible.If the transmitter 6 was an optical transmitter, the receiving antenna 23 would include at least one photosensitive sensor.

D'une façon classique l'unité de commande 22 permet d'assurer le déclenchement de la charge militaire 7 comme suite à l'occurrence d'au moins un événement.In a conventional manner, the control unit 22 makes it possible to trigger the military load 7 as a result of the occurrence of at least one event.

Généralement l'événement déclenchant la charge est une information chronométrique qui est programmée avant tir et décomptée par l'unité de commande 22 à partir de la détection d'un instant de tir du projectile 3. La détection de l'instant de tir est faite de façon classique avec un capteur inertiel 24.Generally the event triggering the charge is a timekeeping information which is programmed before firing and counted by the control unit 22 from the detection of a firing instant of the projectile 3. The detection of the firing instant is made conventionally with an inertial sensor 24.

Le moyen récepteur 22a constitue un moyen de décodage permettant d'extraire de l'onde porteuse électromagnétique du faisceau 9 au moins un signal.The receiver means 22a is a decoding means for extracting from the electromagnetic carrier wave of the beam 9 at least one signal.

Ce signal a lui-même été incorporé dans l'onde porteuse du faisceau 9 par l'unité électronique 18 de l'émetteur 6.This signal has itself been incorporated into the carrier wave of the beam 9 by the electronic unit 18 of the transmitter 6.

Le faisceau 9 est ainsi par exemple constitué par un rayonnement radioélectrique dont la porteuse est modulée en amplitude, en fréquence ou en phase.The beam 9 is thus for example constituted by radio-frequency radiation whose carrier is modulated in amplitude, in frequency or in phase.

Après réception par l'antenne 23, ce signal est extrait de l'onde porteuse par le moyen récepteur 22a. Il est ensuite traité dans l'unité de commande 22 de la fusée 8 dans laquelle il est comparé à une valeur numérique qui est mise en mémoire dans l'unité de commande 22 avant le tir.After reception by the antenna 23, this signal is extracted from the carrier wave by the receiver means 22a. It is then processed in the control unit 22 of the rocket 8 in which it is compared to a digital value which is stored in the control unit 22 before firing.

S'il y a égalité entre le signal reçu et le signal attendu par la fusée, ceci signifie que le projectile 3 a effectivement reçu un signal qui lui est destiné. Par ailleurs la détection de ce signal signifie que le projectile se trouve à l'intérieur du faisceau 9.If there is equality between the signal received and the signal expected by the rocket, this means that the projectile 3 has indeed received a signal intended for it. Moreover, the detection of this signal means that the projectile is inside the beam 9.

On a décrit à titre d'exemple à la figure 2 une antenne 10 orientable en site et en gisement à l'aide de motorisations 14 et 17.As an example, we have described figure 2 an antenna 10 orientable in site and in the field with engines 14 and 17.

Il est possible également de mettre en oeuvre une antenne qui est mécaniquement fixe mais dont le faisceau 9 est orientable électroniquement (antenne multi source). Ces antennes sont bien connues de l'Homme du Métier. Elles sont formées de réseaux émetteurs dont le gain et la directivité sont pilotés à l'aide d'une modulation de phase et d'amplitude.It is also possible to implement an antenna which is mechanically fixed but whose beam 9 is electronically steerable (multi source antenna). These antennas are well known to those skilled in the art. They are formed of transmit networks whose gain and directivity are controlled using a phase modulation and amplitude.

Il est par ailleurs possible d'incorporer structurellement le moyen récepteur 22a dans l'unité de commande 22.It is furthermore possible to structurally incorporate the receiver means 22a into the control unit 22.

Selon une autre caractéristique de l'invention, l'unité de commande 22 utilise le signal ainsi décodé comme un événement qui est combiné à au moins un autre événement pour élaborer un ordre de commande de la fusée.According to another characteristic of the invention, the control unit 22 uses the signal thus decoded as an event that is combined with at least one other event to develop a command order of the rocket.

La figure 3 est un logigramme qui représente la succession des étapes conduites à l'intérieur de la fusée 8.The figure 3 is a logic diagram that represents the succession of steps conducted inside the rocket 8.

L'étape E1 est l'étape de réception du rayonnement électromagnétique par l'antenne réceptrice 23.Step E1 is the step of receiving the electromagnetic radiation by the receiving antenna 23.

Au cours de l'étape E2, le moyen récepteur 22a associé à l'unité de commande 22 extrait le signal incorporé dans la porteuse du faisceau 9.During step E2, the receiver means 22a associated with the control unit 22 extracts the signal incorporated in the carrier of the beam 9.

Le test T1 est un contrôle de la présence d'un signal dans le rayonnement reçu, signal correspondant à celui qui est attendu par la fusée 8. On notera en effet qu'il y a de nombreuses sources électromagnétiques sur le champ de bataille. Il est donc nécessaire pour la fusée 8 de pouvoir discriminer un signal qui lui est spécifiquement destiné et qui lui est envoyé par l'antenne émettrice 10.The T1 test is a control of the presence of a signal in the received radiation, signal corresponding to that which is expected by the rocket 8. Note indeed that there are many electromagnetic sources on the battlefield. It is therefore necessary for the rocket 8 to be able to discriminate a signal which is specifically intended for it and which is sent to it by the transmitting antenna 10.

Si le test T1 est négatif, la fusée reste en attente d'un signal conforme.If the T1 test is negative, the rocket is waiting for a compliant signal.

Parallèlement l'unité de commande 22 de la fusée 8 conduit un test T2 qui est la vérification de la réalisation d'un autre événement attendu et nécessaire pour que la fusée déclenche la charge militaire 7, par exemple l'écoulement d'un délai de chronométrie programmé avant le tir.At the same time, the control unit 22 of the rocket 8 conducts a test T2 which is the verification of the realization of another expected event and necessary for the rocket to trigger the military charge 7, for example the lapse of a delay of scheduled chronometry before shooting.

Lorsque le test T2 est positif une porte ET combine la réalisation des deux évènements pour élaborer l'ordre de commande du fonctionnement de la fusée c'est à dire déclencher la charge militaire (étape E3). Le déclenchement de la charge militaire n'interviendra donc que si les deux évènements sont simultanément présents.When the T2 test is positive an AND gate combines the realization of the two events to develop the command order of the operation of the rocket that is to say trigger the military load (step E3). The triggering of the military charge will only intervene if both events are simultaneously present.

Le signal numérique incorporé au faisceau de commande 9 joue donc alors le rôle de signal de confirmation du fonctionnement de la fusée 8 du projectile.The digital signal incorporated in the control beam 9 then acts as a confirmation signal for the operation of the rocket 8 of the projectile.

La charge militaire 7 ne peut être actionnée que si le projectile 3 se trouve dans le faisceau 9.The military load 7 can be actuated only if the projectile 3 is in the beam 9.

Une telle disposition sécurise complètement le fonctionnement des munitions ou projectiles à létalité réduite. Si on considère la figure 1, on a représenté par une ligne interrompue 25 un plan horizontal qui est situé à une hauteur du sol H de l'ordre de 5 m. Cette hauteur est celle en dessous de laquelle un projectile non létal ne doit pas être initié, car le risque de projection d'éclats de l'enveloppe ou d'autres composants du projectile serait alors trop important.Such an arrangement completely secures the operation of ammunition or projectiles reduced lethality. If we consider the figure 1 there is shown by a broken line 25 a horizontal plane which is located at a height of the ground H of the order of 5 m. This height is the height below which a non-lethal projectile must not to be initiated, because the risk of projection of fragments of the envelope or other components of the projectile would be too important.

Le faisceau 9 est orienté de façon à être situé au-dessus du plan 25. Cette orientation peut être conservée même si le véhicule 1 est en mouvement. Il suffit d'asservir les consignes de positionnement des motorisations 14 et 17 au niveau de l'unité électronique de commande 18.The beam 9 is oriented so as to be located above the plane 25. This orientation can be maintained even if the vehicle 1 is in motion. It suffices to control the positioning instructions of the actuators 14 and 17 at the electronic control unit 18.

On est alors certain que les projectiles 3 tirés ne seront pas initiés dans une zone dans laquelle la non-létalité n'est pas garantie.It is then certain that the projectiles 3 fired will not be initiated in an area in which the non-lethality is not guaranteed.

Un tel résultat est obtenu avec une fusée de projectile de structure simple et pour laquelle un simple signal de confirmation est ajouté aux évènements habituels pouvant commander la fusée donc déclencher la charge militaire.Such a result is obtained with a projectile rocket of simple structure and for which a simple confirmation signal is added to the usual events that can control the rocket and thus trigger the military charge.

En fonction de la configuration du système d'arme mis en oeuvre, il est possible de déterminer au niveau de la plate-forme 1 l'orientation de plusieurs faisceaux 9 issus d'une ou plusieurs antennes émettrices 10. La sécurisation de tir peut alors être assurée suivant plusieurs directions de tir.Depending on the configuration of the weapon system implemented, it is possible to determine the level of the platform 1 the orientation of several beams 9 from one or more transmitting antennas 10. Securing fire can then be insured according to several directions of fire.

Une telle variante est particulièrement bien adaptée aux dispositifs de défense rapprochée pour lesquels il y a plusieurs tubes avec des orientations spatiales différentes.Such a variant is particularly well suited to close defense devices for which there are several tubes with different spatial orientations.

A titre d'exemple non limitatif on a représenté à la figure 4 une plate-forme de tir 1 qui est un véhicule dont la tourelle 5 porte un canon principal 2 et un tourelleau 5a de défense rapprochée équipé de plusieurs tubes 2a, 2b (seuls deux tubes sont représentés). Le tourelleau 5a est équipé d'un dispositif de contrôle selon l'invention qui comporte un émetteur dont l'antenne 10 peut émettre plusieurs faisceaux électromagnétiques et de préférence au moins un faisceau par tube 2a,2b. On a ici représenté deux faisceaux 9a et 9b, chaque faisceau étant orienté de façon à couvrir une zone de l'espace pouvant être traversée par un projectile 3a ou 3b tiré par le tube 2a ou le tube 2b.By way of non-limiting example, it is shown in figure 4 a firing platform 1 which is a vehicle whose turret 5 carries a main gun 2 and a close defense turret 5a equipped with several tubes 2a, 2b (only two tubes are shown). The cupola 5a is equipped with a control device according to the invention which comprises a transmitter whose antenna 10 can emit several electromagnetic beams and preferably at least one beam per tube 2a, 2b. Here we have shown two beams 9a and 9b, each beam being oriented so as to cover a zone of the space that can be traversed by a projectile 3a or 3b pulled by the tube 2a or the tube 2b.

Comme dans le mode de réalisation précédent, chaque faisceau transporte un signal de confirmation qui est destiné au projectile 3a ou 3b considéré. Le fonctionnement des fusées des projectiles est alors identique à celui décrit précédemment.As in the previous embodiment, each beam carries a confirmation signal which is intended for the projectile 3a or 3b considered. The operation of projectile rockets is then identical to that described above.

Lorsque le système d'arme qui est mis en oeuvre est susceptible de tirer successivement plusieurs projectiles qui ont des zones létales différentes, il est nécessaire d'associer à chaque projectile un faisceau qui lui est propre alors que les zones de l'espace dans lesquelles ils évoluent sont relativement proches l'une de l'autre.When the weapon system that is used is capable of successively firing several projectiles that have different lethal zones, it is necessary to associate with each projectile a beam of its own while the zones of the space in which they evolve are relatively close to each other.

La figure 5 montre une telle variante de réalisation dans laquelle le tube 2b du tourelleau 5a tire successivement deux projectiles 3b1 et 3b2 suivant sensiblement la même trajectoire balistique 4b. Chaque projectile a un rayon létal qui lui est propre. Le dispositif de contrôle comporte alors un émetteur dont l'antenne 10 peut émettre deux faisceaux électromagnétiques 9b1 et 9b2 suivant sensiblement la même direction mais avec des caractéristiques d'orientations et d'ouvertures angulaires différentes. En particulier le faisceau 9b2 a sa limite inférieure plus éloignée du sol que le faisceau 9b1. Les deux projectiles 3b1 et 3b2 coupent cependant les deux faisceaux et il est nécessaire que le projectile 3b1 ne soit initié que dans le faisceau 9b1 tandis que le projectile 3b2 ne doit être initié que dans le faisceau 9b2.The figure 5 shows such an alternative embodiment in which the tube 2b of the cupola 5a successively fires two projectiles 3b1 and 3b2 substantially along the same ballistic trajectory 4b. Each projectile has a lethal radius of its own. The control device then comprises a transmitter whose antenna 10 can emit two electromagnetic beams 9b1 and 9b2 substantially in the same direction but with different orientation characteristics and angular apertures. In particular the beam 9b2 has its lower limit further from the ground than the beam 9b1. The two projectiles 3b1 and 3b2, however, cut the two beams and it is necessary that the projectile 3b1 is initiated only in the beam 9b1 while the projectile 3b2 must be initiated in the beam 9b2.

Pour que chaque projectile reconnaisse le faisceau qui lui est attribué, il est nécessaire d'incorporer dans chaque faisceau électromagnétique un signal de codage qui sera associé au signal de confirmation et qui permettra d'associer effectivement la confirmation donnée par le faisceau considéré à un projectile donné.In order for each projectile to recognize the beam assigned to it, it is necessary to incorporate in each electromagnetic beam a coding signal which will be associated with the confirmation signal and which will make it possible to effectively associate the confirmation given by the beam under consideration with a projectile. given.

Chaque type de projectile ayant des caractéristiques de létalité bien définie pourra être associé à un code numérique particulier. Ce code sera mémorisé dans l'unité électronique de commande 18 et pourra être incorporé dans le faisceau électromagnétique de la même façon que le code de confirmation. Dans ce cas un autre test sera réalisé dans la fusée parallèlement ou à la suite des tests T1 et T2 (figure 3). Ce test n'est pas représenté à la figure 3 mais son résultat positif sera adressé à la porte ET, en parallèle aux résultats des autres tests.Each type of projectile with well-defined lethality characteristics may be associated with a particular numerical code. This code will be stored in the electronic control unit 18 and may be incorporated into the electromagnetic beam in the same way as the confirmation code. In this case another test will be carried out in the rocket parallel to or following the T1 and T2 tests ( figure 3 ). This test is not represented at figure 3 but its positive result will be addressed to the AND gate, in parallel with the results of the other tests.

D'une façon plus simple, c'est le code numérique de confirmation qui pourra remplir à la fois la fonction de confirmation de déclenchement de la fusée et la fonction d'adressage de cet ordre à un projectile de type particulier.In a simpler way, it is the numerical confirmation code that can fulfill both the rocket trigger confirmation function and the addressing function of this order to a particular type of projectile.

D'autres variantes sont possibles sans sortir du cadre de l'invention.Other variants are possible without departing from the scope of the invention.

Il est ainsi possible de combiner plusieurs faisceaux électromagnétiques pour réduire les dimensions d'une zone de l'espace dans laquelle une charge militaire de projectile peut être déclenchée.It is thus possible to combine several electromagnetic beams to reduce the dimensions of an area of the space in which a military projectile load can be triggered.

La figure 6 montre une telle variante dans laquelle une deuxième antenne 10' est disposée au niveau d'une partie avant du châssis 1a du véhicule. Cette antenne est reliée à la même unité de calcul 18 que l'antenne 10 du tourelleau, cela afin de synchroniser les émissions. L'antenne 10' émet un faisceau électromagnétique 9' qui coupe le faisceau électromagnétique 9 issu de l'antenne 10.The figure 6 shows such a variant in which a second antenna 10 'is disposed at a front portion of the chassis 1a of the vehicle. This antenna is connected to the same computing unit 18 as the antenna 10 of the cupola, in order to synchronize the emissions. The antenna 10 'emits an electromagnetic beam 9' which cuts off the electromagnetic beam 9 coming from the antenna 10.

L'intersection des deux faisceaux 9 et 9' définit une partie 26 commune aux deux faisceaux.The intersection of the two beams 9 and 9 'defines a portion 26 common to the two beams.

Chaque faisceau transportera un signal de confirmation avec un codage spécifique. Dans ce cas la fusée du projectile 3a sera conçue pour ne fonctionner que dans la partie 26 commune aux deux faisceaux, partie dans laquelle son antenne recevra simultanément les deux codages attendus.Each beam will carry a confirmation signal with a specific coding. In this case the rocket projectile 3a will be designed to operate only in the portion 26 common to the two beams, part in which its antenna will simultaneously receive the two codings expected.

Là encore des tests seront conduits à l'intérieur de la fusée 8 et la charge militaire ne sera activée que lorsqu'il y aura en même temps présence des deux codages de confirmation et de l'évènement attendu (chronométrie par exemple).Again tests will be conducted inside the rocket 8 and the military load will be activated when there will be at the same time presence of two confirmation codings and the expected event (chronometry for example).

On a schématisé sur la figure 7 le logigramme qui est alors mis en oeuvre :

  • Comme dans le mode de réalisation décrit précédemment en référence à la figure 3, l'étape E1 est l'étape de réception du rayonnement électromagnétique du faisceau 9 par l'antenne réceptrice 23.
We have schematised on the figure 7 the logic diagram that is then implemented:
  • As in the embodiment described above with reference to the figure 3 , the step E1 is the step of receiving the electromagnetic radiation of the beam 9 by the receiving antenna 23.

Au cours de l'étape E2, le récepteur 22a associé à l'unité de commande 22 extrait le signal incorporé dans la porteuse de l'onde électromagnétique reçue du faisceau 9.During the step E2, the receiver 22a associated with the control unit 22 extracts the signal incorporated into the carrier of the electromagnetic wave received from the beam 9.

Le test T1 est un contrôle de la présence d'un signal dans le rayonnement reçu, signal correspondant à celui qui est attendu par la fusée 8 et incorporant le codage associé à l'antenne 10.The T1 test is a control of the presence of a signal in the received radiation, signal corresponding to that which is expected by the fuse 8 and incorporating the coding associated with the antenna 10.

Si le test T1 est négatif, la fusée reste en attente d'un signal conforme.If the T1 test is negative, the rocket is waiting for a compliant signal.

Parallèlement l'étape E4 est l'étape de réception du rayonnement électromagnétique du faisceau 9' par l'antenne réceptrice 23.In parallel, the step E4 is the step of receiving the electromagnetic radiation of the beam 9 'by the receiving antenna 23.

Au cours de l'étape E5, le récepteur 22a associé à l'unité de commande 22 extrait le signal incorporé dans la porteuse de l'onde électromagnétique reçue du faisceau 9'.During step E5, the receiver 22a associated with the control unit 22 extracts the signal incorporated into the carrier of the electromagnetic wave received from the beam 9 '.

Le test T3 est un contrôle de la présence d'un signal dans le rayonnement reçu, signal correspondant à celui qui est attendu par la fusée 8 et incorporant le codage associé à l'antenne 10'.The test T3 is a control of the presence of a signal in the received radiation, signal corresponding to that which is expected by the fuse 8 and incorporating the coding associated with the antenna 10 '.

Si le test T3 est négatif, la fusée reste en attente d'un signal conforme.If the T3 test is negative, the rocket remains waiting for a compliant signal.

Parallèlement à ces tests des faisceaux reçus par le projectile, l'unité de commande 22 conduit comme précédemment le test T2 qui est la vérification de la réalisation d'un autre événement attendu et nécessaire pour que la fusée déclenche la charge militaire 7, par exemple l'écoulement d'un délai de chronométrie programmé.In parallel with these tests of the beams received by the projectile, the control unit 22 conducts as previously the T2 test which is the verification of the achievement of another event expected and necessary for the rocket to trigger the military load 7, for example the flow of a programmed chronometry period.

Lorsque le test T2 est positif une porte ET combine la réalisation des trois tests pour élaborer l'ordre de commande du fonctionnement de la fusée c'est à dire déclencher la charge militaire (étape E3). Le déclenchement de la charge militaire n'interviendra donc que si les trois évènements sont simultanément présents, c'est à dire si le projectile se trouve dans la zone 26 commune aux deux faisceaux 9 et 9'.When the T2 test is positive an AND gate combines the completion of the three tests to develop the command order of the operation of the rocket that is to say trigger the military load (step E3). The triggering of the military charge will therefore intervene only if the three events are simultaneously present, ie if the projectile is in the zone 26 common to the two beams 9 and 9 '.

On a décrit jusqu'à présent une mise en oeuvre de l'invention dans laquelle les signaux transmis par les faisceaux électromagnétiques étaient utilisés pour élaborer un ordre de commande de la fusée c'est à dire confirmer le fonctionnement de la fusée du projectile.An implementation of the invention has heretofore been described in which the signals transmitted by the electromagnetic beams were used to develop a command order of the rocket, ie to confirm the operation of the rocket of the projectile.

Ce mode de réalisation est particulièrement bien adapté à la mise en oeuvre de munitions non létales pour lesquelles on souhaite maîtriser le gabarit d'emploi effectivement non létal.This embodiment is particularly well suited to the implementation of non-lethal munitions for which it is desired to control the actually non-lethal use gauge.

D'une façon symétrique, il est possible d'utiliser les faisceaux électromagnétiques non plus pour confirmer un fonctionnement mais plutôt pour l'interdire dans un secteur donné. Dans ce cas un signal incorporé au faisceau sera décodé comme un événement qui sera combiné à au moins un autre événement pour inhiber l'ordre de commande de la fusée.In a symmetrical way, it is possible to use the electromagnetic beams either to confirm a functioning but rather to prohibit it in a given sector. In this case a signal incorporated into the beam will be decoded as an event that will be combined with at least one other event to inhibit the rocket command order.

Ce mode de réalisation sera plutôt adapté à la mise en oeuvre de munitions létales mais pour lesquelles on souhaite interdire le fonctionnement dans certaines zones de terrain.This embodiment will be rather adapted to the implementation of lethal munitions but for which it is desired to prohibit the operation in certain areas of land.

La figure 8 schématise en vue de dessus une telle mise en oeuvre.The figure 8 schematically in top view such an implementation.

Le véhicule blindé 1 formant la plate-forme tire par son tube d'arme 2 un projectile 3. On souhaite protéger deux zones de terrain : un édifice Z1 et un réservoir Z2.The armored vehicle 1 forming the platform pulls through its weapon tube 2 a projectile 3. It is desired to protect two zones of terrain: a building Z1 and a tank Z2.

La plate-forme 1 est équipée d'un dispositif selon l'invention qui comporte deux antennes 10a et 10b qui sont couplées chacune à un émetteur, les émetteurs étant reliés à une même unité électronique (non représentée) et qui émettent chacune un faisceau électromagnétique qui est orienté vers les zones à protéger. Le faisceau 9a émis par l'antenne 10a couvre le réservoir Z2 et le faisceau 9b émis par l'antenne 10b couvre l'édifice Z1.The platform 1 is equipped with a device according to the invention which comprises two antennas 10a and 10b which are each coupled to a transmitter, the emitters being connected to the same electronic unit (not shown) and which each emit an electromagnetic beam which is oriented towards the areas to be protected. The beam 9a emitted by the antenna 10a covers the tank Z2 and the beam 9b emitted by the antenna 10b covers the building Z1.

La fusée 8 et l'unité électronique de contrôle associée aux antennes 10a et 10b et à leurs émetteurs ont la même structure que celle décrite précédemment en référence à la figure 2. Ce mode ne diffère que par le procédé mis en oeuvre.The rocket 8 and the electronic control unit associated with the antennas 10a and 10b and their transmitters have the same structure as that described above with reference to FIG. figure 2 . This mode differs only by the method used.

On a schématisé à la figure 9 un logigramme schématisant le procédé qui est alors mis en oeuvre. La fusée du projectile attend toujours les signaux portés par les faisceaux 9a ou 9b, faisceaux qu'elle décode pour en extraire le signal attendu.We have schematized figure 9 a logic diagram schematizing the process which is then implemented. The rocket of the projectile is still waiting for the signals carried by the beams 9a or 9b, which beams it decodes to extract the expected signal.

Les deux boucles de test identiques T1 et T3 symbolisent la détection au niveau de la fusée du projectile du signal correspondant au faisceau 9a (test T1) ou au faisceau 9b (test T3). Les étapes E1 et E4 correspondent respectivement à la réception des faisceaux électromagnétiques 9a ou 9b. Les étapes E2 et E5 correspondent respectivement au décodage par le récepteur 22a des signaux inclus dans les faisceaux 9a et 9b.The two identical test loops T1 and T3 symbolize the detection at the rocket of the projectile of the signal corresponding to the beam 9a (test T1) or the beam 9b (test T3). The steps E1 and E4 respectively correspond to the reception of the electromagnetic beams 9a or 9b. The steps E2 and E5 respectively correspond to the decoding by the receiver 22a of the signals included in the beams 9a and 9b.

Les résultats des deux tests T1 et T3 sont combinés dans une porte OU. Ceci signifie que chacun des test a la même importance vis à vis de la fusée et qu'il suffit donc que cette dernière détecte un seul des deux signaux pour que l'inhibition de son fonctionnement intervienne.The results of both T1 and T3 tests are combined in an OR gate. This means that each test has the same importance with respect to the rocket and it is sufficient that the latter detects only one of the two signals for the inhibition of its operation to intervene.

La sortie de la porte OU est appliquée à la porte ET via une porte NON. Ainsi, ce n'est que lorsqu'aucun signal d'inhibition n'est détecté que la charge militaire peut être commandée à l'issue du test d'évènement T2. Le signal transmis par le dispositif de contrôle est bien un signal d'inhibition (ou interdiction) de l'ordre de commande de la fusée donc du fonctionnement de la charge militaire.The output of the OR gate is applied to the AND gate via a NO gate. Thus, it is only when no inhibit signal is detected that the military load can be controlled at the end of the event test T2. The signal transmitted by the control device is a signal of inhibition (or prohibition) of the order of control of the rocket therefore the operation of the military load.

Il est bien entendu possible de mettre en oeuvre plus de deux faisceaux d'inhibition ou bien encore un seul faisceau d'inhibition.It is of course possible to implement more than two inhibition beams or even a single inhibition beam.

Claims (9)

  1. A method for controlling the triggering of a warhead (7) of a projectile (3) fired from a platform (1), the projectile (3) comprising a fuze (8) ensuring the control of the triggering of the warhead (7) subsequent to the occurrence of at least one event which constitutes chronometric information which is programmed before firing and counted by the fuze (8) from an instant of firing of the projectile (3), said chronometric information thus defines a trajectory instant at which the warhead (7) is initiated or a time window during which the warhead (7) must be initiated, method in which at least one control electromagnetic beam (9) is emitted from the platform (1) and oriented towards a space area through which the projectile (3) can pass, method characterized in that the beam (9) incorporates within its carrier wave at least one signal of confirmation for allowing the triggering of the warhead (7) or of inhibition of the operation of the fuze (8) of the projectile (3), this signal being decoded by the fuze (8) as an event which is combined by an AND logic gate with the other at least one event of the chronometric information type, to allow or inhibit a fuze (8) control instruction.
  2. The method for controlling the triggering of a warhead according to claim 1, characterized in that the beam (9) incorporates a signal of confirmation of the operation of the fuze (8) of the projectile (3).
  3. The method for controlling the triggering of a warhead according to claim 2, characterized in that the control beam (9) has a coding signal which is associated with the signal of confirmation, this coding signal allowing to associate the confirmation with a given projectile (3).
  4. A device for controlling the triggering of a warhead (7) of a projectile (3) fired from a platform (1), the projectile comprising a fuze (8) ensuring the control of the triggering of the warhead (7) subsequent to the occurrence of at least one event which constitutes chronometric information which is programmed before firing and counted by the fuze (8) from an instant of firing of the projectile (3), said chronometric information thus defines a trajectory instant at which the warhead (7) is initiated or a time window during which the warhead (7) must be initiated, device comprising at least one emitter (6) of at least one control electromagnetic beam (9), said emitter being integral with the platform (1), which is oriented towards a space area through which the projectile (3) in question can pass, device characterized in that the emitter (6) is connected to an electronic unit (18) which incorporates, within the carrier wave of the control beam (9), at least one signal of confirmation for allowing the triggering of the warhead (7) or of inhibition of the operation of the fuze (8) of the projectile, this signal being decoded as an event which is combined by an AND logic gate with the other at least one event of the chronometric information type, to allow or inhibit a fuze (8) control instruction.
  5. The device for controlling the triggering of a warhead according to claim 4, characterized in that the signal is a signal of confirmation of the operation of the fuze (8) of the projectile (3).
  6. The device for controlling the triggering of a warhead according to claim 5, characterized in that the electronic unit (18) incorporates within the control beam (9) a coding signal which is incorporated or associated with the signal of confirmation, this coding signal allowing to associate the confirmation with a given projectile (3).
  7. The device for controlling the triggering of a warhead according to one of claims 4 to 6, characterized in that the emitter (6) has at least one antenna (10) steerable with respect to the platform (1).
  8. A projectile fuze, for controlling the triggering of a warhead (7) of the projectile (3), the fuze (8) comprising a safety and arming device (19) and a control unit (22) ensuring the triggering of the warhead (7) subsequent to the occurrence of at least one event which constitutes chronometric information which is programmed before firing and counted by the fuze (8) from an instant of firing of the projectile (3), said chronometric information thus defines a trajectory instant at which the warhead (7) is initiated or a time window during which the warhead (7) must be initiated, said fuze is connected to a receiver (22a,23) for an electromagnetic beam (9) emitted from a platform (1) outside the projectile, the fuze (8) being characterized in that it incorporates means (22a) for decoding at least one signal incorporated within the carrier wave of the electromagnetic beam (9), the signal being used as an event which is combined within the control unit (22), by an AND logic gate, with the other at least one event of the chronometric information type, to allow or inhibit a fuze (8) control instruction.
  9. The projectile fuze according to claim 8, characterized in that the control unit (22) compares the received signal with an expected and stored value, the positive result to this test being used by the control unit (22) to allow the triggering of the military charge (7).
EP12187014.1A 2011-11-29 2012-10-02 Method for controlling the triggering of a warhead, control device and projectile fuse implementing such a method Active EP2600097B1 (en)

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FR2983289A1 (en) 2013-05-31
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