EP2596879A1 - Dispositif et méthode pour l'expansion de tubes - Google Patents

Dispositif et méthode pour l'expansion de tubes Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2596879A1
EP2596879A1 EP12194313.8A EP12194313A EP2596879A1 EP 2596879 A1 EP2596879 A1 EP 2596879A1 EP 12194313 A EP12194313 A EP 12194313A EP 2596879 A1 EP2596879 A1 EP 2596879A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tubes
tube
expanding
enlarging
expander
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP12194313.8A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Vinicio Maggiolo
Loris Sartori
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
CMS Costruzione Macchine Speciali Srl
Original Assignee
CMS Costruzione Macchine Speciali Srl
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by CMS Costruzione Macchine Speciali Srl filed Critical CMS Costruzione Macchine Speciali Srl
Publication of EP2596879A1 publication Critical patent/EP2596879A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D53/00—Making other particular articles
    • B21D53/02—Making other particular articles heat exchangers or parts thereof, e.g. radiators, condensers fins, headers
    • B21D53/08—Making other particular articles heat exchangers or parts thereof, e.g. radiators, condensers fins, headers of both metal tubes and sheet metal
    • B21D53/085—Making other particular articles heat exchangers or parts thereof, e.g. radiators, condensers fins, headers of both metal tubes and sheet metal with fins places on zig-zag tubes or parallel tubes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D39/00—Application of procedures in order to connect objects or parts, e.g. coating with sheet metal otherwise than by plating; Tube expanders
    • B21D39/06—Application of procedures in order to connect objects or parts, e.g. coating with sheet metal otherwise than by plating; Tube expanders of tubes in openings, e.g. rolling-in

Definitions

  • the present invention concerns a device and a method for expanding tubes.
  • the present invention concerns a device and a method for expanding tubes intended for making heat exchangers.
  • the most common heat exchangers currently on the market consist of a bank of tubes, usually having circular section, which is inserted in a finned pack equipped with suitable holes, which represents the extended outer surface on the secondary fluid, which usually consists of air.
  • circuits on the tubes side they are connected together, in their end parts, in series or in parallel in order to have passage sections and lengths most suitable for heat exchange and an acceptable load loss for the primary fluid.
  • the permanent connection between the bank of tubes and the finned pack is normally made through the radial expansion of the tubes, carried out mechanically, known as expansion.
  • connection between the bank of tubes and the finned pack is sufficiently solid and rigid, and it also makes it possible to obtain good efficiency in terms of the optimal heat exchange between the tubes and the fins.
  • the main technical problem connected to carrying out such an operation is the reduction of the length of the tubes after their radial expansion.
  • socketing i.e. a sort of flaring that allows the subsequent insertion of bends, nipples, or other necessary elements, which are fixed for example through brazing or with other equivalent techniques.
  • socketing is carried out after they have been narrowed and subsequently enlarged as described above, one has to act on a material that is already strain hardened on which, by causing a further deformation (enlargement), there may end up being irreversible damage and even, in particularly critical situations, breakage, resulting in high defectiveness of the process.
  • the technical task of the present invention is therefore to improve the state of the art, by devising a device and a method for expanding tubes that make it possible to eliminate the aforementioned drawbacks.
  • a purpose of the present invention it is devise a device and a method that make it possible to carry out the expansion of tubes in a controlled manner, and keeping the predetermined length, without locking the ends of the tubes themselves with clamps, jaws or other similar members potentially able to damage the ends themselves.
  • the ends of the tubes themselves are held by end support elements that prevent the axial contraction of the tubes themselves.
  • the lengths of the expanded tubes are determined with precision without the previously enlarged ends being in any way deformed or damaged. Further advantageous characteristics are described in the dependent claims.
  • a heat exchanger comprising a bank of tubes 2 inserted in a finned pack 3, intended to undergo the expansion operation through the device and the method according to the present invention, is wholly indicated with 1.
  • the finned pack 3 comprises holes 4 in which the tubes 2 are inserted.
  • the expanding device of the tubes according to the present invention comprises known components - support structures, actuation means - present in all machines of this type belonging to the state of the art, and that therefore will not be described any further apart from the characteristics of interest for the purposes of the description of the present invention.
  • the device comprises, in a per sé known way, support means 5 of the finned pack 3.
  • the support means 5 of the finned pack 3 are indicated with a broken line in figure 1 , and they comprise, for example, a metallic frame.
  • the metallic frame supports the finned pack 3, for example, at at least two sides.
  • support means 5 of the finned pack 3 having another structure or another configuration, without any limitation for the purposes of the present invention.
  • the device according to the invention also comprises an enlarging tool 6 of the ends 7,8 of each one of the tubes 2.
  • the enlarging tool 6 can be of the type known in the field, preferably of the rotary type suitable for exerting modest loads on the ends 7,8 of each one of the tubes 2.
  • any other type of enlarging tool can be used, for example of the mechanical type with radial action, or mechanical, pneumatic or electrical with axial action.
  • the enlarging tool 6 is associated with respective actuation means - for example electrical - foreseen in the device according to the invention and not represented, since they are of the type essentially known in the field.
  • the expanding device according to the invention can comprise a plurality of enlarging tools 6 that can work for example in parallel, i.e. simultaneously, in relation to the specific requirements of application and production.
  • the device according to the invention also comprises a mandrel, wholly indicated with 9, for the radial expansion, under pulling or pushing, of each one of the tubes 2, the characteristics of which will be described more clearly hereafter.
  • the device according to the invention can also comprise a plurality of mandrels 9 that work in parallel, in relation to the specific requirements of application and production.
  • the expanding device comprises axial abutment means 10 for both ends 7,8 - enlarged by the enlarging tool 6 - of each one of the tubes 2 in the contraction direction of the tube 2 itself during the radial expansion or enlarging operation.
  • the axial abutment means 10 for the enlarged ends 7,8 prevent the contraction of the tube 2 subjected to expansion, whereas they do not prevent movement in the opposite direction, as will become clearer hereafter. Thanks to this characteristic, the axial constraint of each tube 2 is made during enlargement to prevent its contraction, without however gripping or clamping the ends 7,8 with members such as clamps, jaws and the like that can potentially strain harden, deform or damage the ends themselves.
  • the aforementioned axial abutment means 10 comprise, for each enlarged end 7,8 of each one of the tubes 2, end shaped elements 11.
  • the end shaped elements 11 are opposite one another along the axis of the tube 2 to be expanded, and they are provided with respective flared surfaces 12 suitable for matching the respective outer surfaces of the enlarged ends 7,8.
  • end shaped elements 11 for example one, two or more, in relation to the specific requirements, to the dimensions of the tubes 2, etc., so as to obtain the optimal abutment of the outer surfaces of the enlarged ends 7,8, suitably distributing the contact pressures so as not to cause localised deformations.
  • end shaped elements 11 are each mobile, from a closed position, of axial constraint - represented in figures 3-6 - of the respective tube 2 to an open position, not represented in the figures.
  • the end shaped elements 11 are associated - for example articulated, or in another way - with actuation means, for example electric, oil-hydraulic, or similar, not represented in the figures but of the type per sé known in the field.
  • actuation means for example electric, oil-hydraulic, or similar, not represented in the figures but of the type per sé known in the field.
  • the end shaped elements 11 are configured substantially like sorts of clamps that wrap around the outside of the enlarged ends 7,8 without however exerting any clamping force.
  • the enlarged ends 7,8 thus match the flared surfaces 12 in the closed position.
  • end shaped elements 11 can nevertheless have a different configuration, for example annular, or similar, without any limitation for the purposes of the present invention.
  • the mandrel 9, as stated, is of the type operating under pulling force.
  • the mandrel 9 could, with a constructive solution suitably modified for the purpose, be of the type operating under thrusting force.
  • the mandrel 9 comprises a pawl-holding rod 13, an end pawl 14 integral with the rod 13 and a hollow flap expander 15, able to slide along the rod 13.
  • the pawl-holding rod 13 is associated with relative actuation means, not represented in the figures, which allow the insertion and extraction thereof inside the tubes 2 or the rectilinear portions of the tubes, in the case of tubes curved in a "U", as made clear hereafter.
  • the actuation means of the pawl-holding rod 13 can be of the electric, oil-hydraulic or similar type.
  • the end pawl 14 comprises a head 16, which acts as a stop, and a frusto-conical portion 17, which allows the flaps of the expander 15 to be opened out.
  • the expander 15 is able to slide along the pawl-holding rod 13 from a resting position, visible in figure 4 , in which it is retracted with respect to the head 16 and its outer diameter is smaller than the outer diameter of the end pawl 14, to an expanding position, visible in figures 5,6 , in which the head 16 of the pawl 14 abuts on the expander 15 determining the opening out of the flaps: in this way the expander 15 takes on an outer diameter that is greater than the outer diameter of the pawl 14 and greater than the inner diameter of the tube 2 to be expanded.
  • the enlargement of a first end 7 of the tubes 2 is carried out, through the enlarging tool 6, for example directly in output from the machine for straightening and cutting the tubes.
  • the tubes 2 are then inserted into the finned pack 3, according to figure 1 .
  • the enlargement of the ends 7,8 of the tubes makes it possible to make what in the field are called cups, i.e. the connection ends, for example through brazing, with other circuit elements that make up the heat exchanger, and which must be free from deformations or breakages to carry out the subsequent operations to complete the heat exchanger with optimal quality.
  • This axial constraint step is carried out by clamping the end shaped elements 11 so that their flared surfaces 12 match the outer surfaces of the enlarged ends 7,8 of the tubes 2, as illustrated in figure 3 .
  • the tubes 2 cannot undergo any axial contraction, and thus maintain the predetermined length that must be made in the end product; at the same time, the ends 7,8 are simply rested on the flared surfaces 12, without undergoing any locking with clamps, jaws or similar, and therefore without running any risk of deformation or breakage.
  • the mandrel 9 is inserted into each tube 2 at least until it goes past the metallic frame present at the end of the finned pack opposite the insertion end 8, as illustrated in figure 5 .
  • the expansion foresees a step of returning the pawl-holding rod 13 until the head 16 of the pawl 14 is brought into abutment on the expander 15, so that the flaps open out and the expander 15 itself takes on the expanding position.
  • the outer diameter of the expander 15 is greater than the inner diameter of the tube 2, and therefore the translation of the mandrel 9 backwards, as illustrated in figure 6 , until the mandrel 9 itself is extracted from the tube 2, determines the desired radial expansion thereof, without axial contraction.
  • the described method can also be carried out by foreseeing that the expansion is carried out under pushing force.
  • the contact surface of the mandrel 9, i.e. its head 16 has the outer diameter greater than that of the inner diameter of the tube 2; the insertion of the mandrel 9 in the entry end of the tube 2 causes its expansion, which proceeds during the entire translation of the mandrel 9 up to the opposite end of the finned pack.
  • the expansion of the tubes 2 can be carried out without axial contraction and therefore with a final length that is predetermined and controlled with precision, avoiding any risk of deformation or breakage, during the expansion itself, of the enlarged ends 7,8 of the tubes 2, and therefore providing the heat exchanger with optimal quality characteristics to then be subjected to the successive machining.
  • This process also makes it possible to carry out the enlargement operations of the ends 7,8 of the tubes 2, i.e. making the so-called cups, before the initial expansion steps, thus in a quicker and easier manner and with enlarging tools 6 that cause fairly modest axial loads.
  • the device and the method according to the invention ensure that the enlarged ends 7,8 will not be deformed or broken in the successive production steps, as shown above.
  • the axial constraint of the tubes 2 during expansion is carried out by providing simple flared surfaces 12 foreseen in the end shaped elements 11, and therefore it is not necessary to foresee complex and expensive clamping members like clamps, jaws, and the like.
  • the expansion is advantageously carried out under pulling force, and this makes it possible to more accurately control, from the side at which the pulling force occurs, the phenomena of deformation that each tube 2 undergoes during the expansion itself.
  • FIG. 8-14 Another embodiment of the device and of the method according to the invention is illustrated in figures 8-14 .
  • This embodiment is relative to a heat exchanger 101 comprising tubes 102 bent at 180°, also known as hairpins in the field, inserted in holes 104 in the finned pack 103.
  • the device according to the present embodiment comprises, as described earlier, support means of the finned pack 105, a tool 106 for enlarging the ends 107,108 of each one of the tubes 102, a mandrel 109 for the radial expansion under pulling force of each one of the tubes 102, and axial abutment means 110 for both enlarged ends 107,108 of each one of the tubes 102 in the contraction direction of each one of the tubes themselves during the radial expansion operation.
  • end shaped elements 111 of the axial abutment means 110 are arranged adjacent to each other and not opposite, as illustrated in figures 10 , 13 , so as to lock onto the adjacent ends 107,108 of the tubes 102 bent at 180°, or hairpins.
  • the mandrel 109 - or the plurality of mandrels - is the same as described for the previous embodiment.
  • the expanding device also comprises an intermediate locking element 118 for the elbow portion of each tube 102, as illustrated in the same figures 10-13 .
  • the expansion method in this embodiment comprises the same steps described for the previous embodiment, apart from the fact that the enlargement of the ends 107,108 with the enlarging tool 106 is carried out with the tubes 102 already inserted in the finned pack 103, for example with a single enlarging tool 106 or with many enlarging tools 106.
  • At least two mandrels 109 can be provided in the radial expansion step of the tubes 102, which operate in parallel, as illustrated in figures 11-13 .
  • the expansion of the two rectilinear portions of each one of the tubes 102 can be carried out one at a time, with the same mandrel 109.
  • the hairpin tube 102 can cover, in the finned pack, the same line - presuming that the operating axis of the device is horizontal - but it could also cover two lines vertically, i.e. with aligned tubes, or diagonally, i.e. with tubes offset.
  • FIG. 17 represents an expansion step of the tubes 102 bent into hairpins, in particular with expansion under thrusting force.
  • FIG. 15 Another embodiment of the device according to the invention is illustrated in the detailed section of figure 15 .
  • the axial abutment means 210 comprise, as well as end shaped elements 211 with the respective flared surfaces 212 of the type described in the previous embodiments, a shaped counter element 220 comprising flared surfaces 222 that internally abut on the corresponding flared surfaces of the enlarged ends 207 of the tube 202 to be expanded, without however exerting any pressure such as to deform or strain harden said enlarged ends 207.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Supports For Pipes And Cables (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
  • Moulding By Coating Moulds (AREA)
EP12194313.8A 2011-11-28 2012-11-26 Dispositif et méthode pour l'expansion de tubes Withdrawn EP2596879A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT000212A ITVR20110212A1 (it) 2011-11-28 2011-11-28 Dispositivo e metodo di mandrinatura di tubi

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2596879A1 true EP2596879A1 (fr) 2013-05-29

Family

ID=45507815

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP12194313.8A Withdrawn EP2596879A1 (fr) 2011-11-28 2012-11-26 Dispositif et méthode pour l'expansion de tubes

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2596879A1 (fr)
CN (1) CN103128184A (fr)
IT (1) ITVR20110212A1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105964797A (zh) * 2016-06-12 2016-09-28 苏州天朋精密元器件有限公司 一种内翻边冲头
EP3461969A1 (fr) * 2017-09-27 2019-04-03 Alupro OY Agencement et procédé de fabrication d'un volet de façade, unité de traction, et unité de traction et tête de traction

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103878737B (zh) * 2014-03-25 2016-03-09 哈尔滨宏力机器制造有限公司 管片式散热器自动穿管机构
WO2016103076A1 (fr) * 2014-12-23 2016-06-30 Cms Costruzione Macchine Speciali S.R.L. Machine d'expansion horizontale
CN106363100B (zh) * 2016-11-28 2018-04-17 中江机电科技江苏有限公司 一种中心距可调的胀管机头及胀管机

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS61296918A (ja) * 1985-06-25 1986-12-27 Kyoshin Kogyo Kk 管の拡管方法
FR2710282A1 (fr) * 1993-09-25 1995-03-31 Behr Gmbh & Co Procédé et dispositif d'élargissement de tubes métalliques de section ovale par étirage.
JP2000042668A (ja) * 1971-12-09 2000-02-15 Hidaka Seiki Kk 熱交換器用チューブの拡管方法及びその拡管装置
CN101722244A (zh) * 2008-10-14 2010-06-09 中山市奥美森工业有限公司 一种强制式胀管机

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2369033A1 (fr) * 1976-10-28 1978-05-26 Chausson Usines Sa Proce
JPS57195545A (en) * 1981-05-26 1982-12-01 Sanyo Electric Co Ltd Tube expanding jig for finned heat exchanger
US5752313A (en) * 1993-12-20 1998-05-19 Carrier Corporation Tube expander with force sensor
CN1330576A (zh) * 1999-11-10 2002-01-09 日高精机株式会社 热交换器用传热管的扩管方法及扩管装置
JP4297794B2 (ja) * 2003-02-20 2009-07-15 三菱電機株式会社 熱交換器の拡管装置

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2000042668A (ja) * 1971-12-09 2000-02-15 Hidaka Seiki Kk 熱交換器用チューブの拡管方法及びその拡管装置
JPS61296918A (ja) * 1985-06-25 1986-12-27 Kyoshin Kogyo Kk 管の拡管方法
FR2710282A1 (fr) * 1993-09-25 1995-03-31 Behr Gmbh & Co Procédé et dispositif d'élargissement de tubes métalliques de section ovale par étirage.
CN101722244A (zh) * 2008-10-14 2010-06-09 中山市奥美森工业有限公司 一种强制式胀管机

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
DATABASE WPI Week 201045, Derwent World Patents Index; AN 2010-H45149 *

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105964797A (zh) * 2016-06-12 2016-09-28 苏州天朋精密元器件有限公司 一种内翻边冲头
EP3461969A1 (fr) * 2017-09-27 2019-04-03 Alupro OY Agencement et procédé de fabrication d'un volet de façade, unité de traction, et unité de traction et tête de traction

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ITVR20110212A1 (it) 2013-05-29
CN103128184A (zh) 2013-06-05

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