EP2592606A1 - Gebäude Evakuationssystem mit Evakuierungsmethode der Bewohner - Google Patents

Gebäude Evakuationssystem mit Evakuierungsmethode der Bewohner Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP2592606A1
EP2592606A1 EP11425276.0A EP11425276A EP2592606A1 EP 2592606 A1 EP2592606 A1 EP 2592606A1 EP 11425276 A EP11425276 A EP 11425276A EP 2592606 A1 EP2592606 A1 EP 2592606A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
interest
alarm
point
evacuation
points
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP11425276.0A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
di Cariati Maria Selkron
Marco Fisichella
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to EP11425276.0A priority Critical patent/EP2592606A1/de
Publication of EP2592606A1 publication Critical patent/EP2592606A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B7/00—Signalling systems according to more than one of groups G08B3/00 - G08B6/00; Personal calling systems according to more than one of groups G08B3/00 - G08B6/00
    • G08B7/06—Signalling systems according to more than one of groups G08B3/00 - G08B6/00; Personal calling systems according to more than one of groups G08B3/00 - G08B6/00 using electric transmission, e.g. involving audible and visible signalling through the use of sound and light sources
    • G08B7/062—Signalling systems according to more than one of groups G08B3/00 - G08B6/00; Personal calling systems according to more than one of groups G08B3/00 - G08B6/00 using electric transmission, e.g. involving audible and visible signalling through the use of sound and light sources indicating emergency exits
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B17/00—Fire alarms; Alarms responsive to explosion
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B27/00—Alarm systems in which the alarm condition is signalled from a central station to a plurality of substations
    • G08B27/001—Signalling to an emergency team, e.g. firemen
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B27/00—Alarm systems in which the alarm condition is signalled from a central station to a plurality of substations
    • G08B27/006—Alarm systems in which the alarm condition is signalled from a central station to a plurality of substations with transmission via telephone network
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B7/00—Signalling systems according to more than one of groups G08B3/00 - G08B6/00; Personal calling systems according to more than one of groups G08B3/00 - G08B6/00
    • G08B7/06—Signalling systems according to more than one of groups G08B3/00 - G08B6/00; Personal calling systems according to more than one of groups G08B3/00 - G08B6/00 using electric transmission, e.g. involving audible and visible signalling through the use of sound and light sources
    • G08B7/066—Signalling systems according to more than one of groups G08B3/00 - G08B6/00; Personal calling systems according to more than one of groups G08B3/00 - G08B6/00 using electric transmission, e.g. involving audible and visible signalling through the use of sound and light sources guiding along a path, e.g. evacuation path lighting strip

Definitions

  • Generic fire/gas alarm systems comprise a number of components including devices such as smoke, heat, and gas sensors, indicators of emergency situation, manual alarm input, audible and visible notification devices, and actuator.
  • Indicators range from audible devices such as speakers, bells, horns, sirens, etc., to visual devices such as incandescent lights, strobe lights, illuminated exit signs, informative panels visualizing useful information, e.g., fire and evacuation plans for the occupants, etc. Furthermore, actuators comprehend electromechanical and electrical devices for automatically fire doors closing, gas closing, etc.
  • a first solution for a generic fire alarm system consists of a number of horns, bells, sirens, and/or vocal message devices, which are placed strategically within the premises and are connected to the alarm system control panel. Upon the detection of smoke, gas, or fire, the audible devices would activate and would be useful as audible indicators for an emergency situation.
  • a second solution for a generic fire alarm system consists of a number of strobe lights and visible indicators which are placed strategically within the premises and are connected to the alarm system control panel as visual indicators for an emergency situation.
  • visible indicators we could think also about directional devices such as serpentines of lights with the aim to guide the occupants.
  • a third solution derives from the complementarity of the two aforementioned solutions and it has the scope to combine both of them.
  • numerous visible devices have a different impact than audible devices.
  • strobe light can better notify deaf people or with hearing disability about an emergency situation.
  • light is more effective particularly in nighttime situations or in darkness, or when the occupants are outside the audible devices' range. This is especially true in presence of malfunctions of the audible devices.
  • many fire alarm systems include several strobe lights. Vice versa is also valid.
  • Placement of devices in premises is determined by several factors such as building plans, entrances, room locations, lifts, exits, fire walls, fire doors, etc. Furthermore, some buildings have a greater capacity to reflect sounds and lights.
  • the primary goal of a generic fire alarm system is to alert occupants and let them evacuate or guide them to safety.
  • One or several alarm tones or pre-recorded voice messages together with flashing lights may achieve this purpose, but it may not be sufficient.
  • the fire alarm evacuation system is arranged to compute, for each interesting physical place of the building, the minimum evacuation path, or towards safe areas, minimizing the occupants flows, with the intent to address and lead people in the shortest time to exits or safe areas without generating congestion.
  • a graph G is generically defined by a set of nodes or endpoints N and by a set of arcs or edges A .
  • An edge has two endpoints in the set of nodes, and is said to connect the two nodes.
  • An edge can thus be defined as a set of two nodes.
  • a directed arc, or directed edge is an ordered pair of endpoints that can be represented graphically as an arrow drawn between the nodes.
  • the first vertex is called the initial vertex or tail; the second one is called the terminal vertex or head (because it appears at the arrow head).
  • An undirected edge disregards any sense of direction and treats both endpoints interchangeably.
  • a directed arc a (i, j), with node i as tail and node j as head of arc a .
  • a possible modeling for our application domain can be represented by a graph G defined by:
  • the minimum cost flow is a really general optimization problem on networks: both the maximum/minimum flow problem and the shortest path tree problem can be interpreted as particular cases of the minimum cost flow problem.
  • the shortest path tree constitutes a modification to the model for the search of the minimum path between two nodes.
  • the set of all shortest paths from a node r, the root, to all the other nodes in the graph can be computed.
  • Such a set of the shortest paths is called shortest paths tree of root r. It is called tree because loops are not present.
  • the maximum/minimum flow problem consists in finding the maximal/minimal flow that can be sent from one source node to one sink node (as explained hereafter), respecting the edge capacities and not allowing dispersion within the intermediate nodes.
  • the node balances govern the network flow.
  • a flow must satisfy the restriction that the amount of flow into a node equals the amount of flow out of it, except when it is a source, which has more outgoing flow, or sink, which has more incoming flow.
  • sink nodes can represent exits or safe points in the premises.
  • Source nodes can represent places within the building where people stay or are detected by adequate devices.
  • the minimum cost flow consists determining, in a flow network, the maximum amount of flow on the network edges such that all the flow would be inputted from the sources, all flow would arrive to the sinks, the edge capacities would not be exceeded, and the overall flow cost would be minimum.
  • the shortest paths tree e.g., finding the shortest evacuation path from a generic point of interest
  • the maximum/minimum flow problem in the more general formulation can be considered as a minimum cost flow problem. In fact, all the node balances are zero. What makes convenient to let circulate flow with respect to the null solution is the objective function.
  • maximal/minimal flow we can fix all the edge costs to zero but for the fictitious return edge (t,s), where s is the source, which we fix a cost of -1 for. In such a case can be found an evacuation path maximizing/minimizing the flow from a source node to a sink node, as an exit or a safe meeting point.
  • an emergency alarm system comprising: (1) a controller, (2) a plurality of detectors and/or manual alarm inputs, (3) a plurality of audible and/or visible indicators (in general indicators of an emergency situation), (4) a plurality of actuators, (5) and/or a plurality of movement sensors and presence indicators.
  • Movement sensors and presence indicators are connected to the system and they can serve as detectors of occupant flows. In case of movement sensors they can serve as automatic detection of individuals, while for presence indicators, we can think about manual input indicators triggered by individuals trapped into a location. Furthermore, as presence indicators can be thought also smart phones and tablet PCs connected to the central system requiring for rescue.
  • One audible or visible device can belong to one or more typologies. For instance, it can be a speaker both informative, whereas provides an information about the emergency location, and directional, since it provides an evacuation direction.
  • an emergency alarm system is provided with multiple functionalities:
  • evacuation paths towards safe points are dynamic, since are computed for all points of interest "in alarm”.
  • evacuation paths depend both by the initial place/s of the emergency (e.g., fire, gas, etc.), and by its/their propagation.
  • the emergency alarm system comprising all hardware and software means for carrying out the several aforementioned functionalities.
  • an embodiment in accordance with the present invention provides a controller (310) managing the entire alarm system having a memory (320) where will be stored all the needed information to let the system work, i.e., the points of interest, the safe points, the graph, the identification addresses and their connection to the points of interest, etc.
  • the alarm system is provided with a set of manual alarm inputs and smoke and/or gas and/or heat detectors (330).
  • the system has a multiplicity of actuators (360), audible indicators (335), and visible indicators (345).
  • movement sensors (370) are connected to the system and they can serve as automatic detectors of occupant flows; also, presence indicators (370) are connected to the system and they can be considered like manual input indicators triggered by individuals trapped into a location, or also like smart phones and tablet PCs connected to the central system (310) requiring for rescue; furthermore, both movement sensors and presence indicators (370) may provide indications, whenever the firemen arrive, about the locations where still some occupant is present or trapped.
  • the evacuation alarm system (300) evacuation system is arranged to compute the minimum evacuation path, or towards safe points, minimizing the occupants flows, with the intent to address and lead people in the shortest and timely time to exits or safe points without generating congestion.
  • the alarm system (300) is also arranged to react dynamically to the evolution and spread of the emergency, with the aim to lead occupants to safe points.
  • the controller (310) can be connected via a network connection (e.g., a secure internet connection) and provide a functionality for generic emergency situations. In such case firemen could activate the evacuation system remotely, for example in circumstances of dangerous environmental situations (e.g., earthquake, etc.).
  • a network connection e.g., a secure internet connection
  • firemen could activate the evacuation system remotely, for example in circumstances of dangerous environmental situations (e.g., earthquake, etc.).
  • the emergency alarm system (300) may provide guidance that allows safe passage or facilitates locating civilians.
  • the occupants can be directly informed by the controller (310) about an evacuation path using views or graphical user interfaces visualized on tablet PCs or smart phone owed by the occupants. for instance, an application could be downloaded by the user with the plan of the building.
  • the systems communicates directly with the application on the user's smart phone. In such a way, the system is aware if some individual is still trapped within the premises.
  • the initializing phase is enough to let occupants evacuate.
  • all devices of all typologies i.e., general, informative, and directional
  • the evacuation paths are signaled according to the paths already stored at step (440).

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Alarm Systems (AREA)
EP11425276.0A 2011-11-14 2011-11-14 Gebäude Evakuationssystem mit Evakuierungsmethode der Bewohner Withdrawn EP2592606A1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP11425276.0A EP2592606A1 (de) 2011-11-14 2011-11-14 Gebäude Evakuationssystem mit Evakuierungsmethode der Bewohner

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP11425276.0A EP2592606A1 (de) 2011-11-14 2011-11-14 Gebäude Evakuationssystem mit Evakuierungsmethode der Bewohner

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2592606A1 true EP2592606A1 (de) 2013-05-15

Family

ID=45464409

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP11425276.0A Withdrawn EP2592606A1 (de) 2011-11-14 2011-11-14 Gebäude Evakuationssystem mit Evakuierungsmethode der Bewohner

Country Status (1)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2592606A1 (de)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2014080040A2 (en) * 2012-11-26 2014-05-30 Ats Group (Ip Holdings) Limited Method and system for evacuation support
WO2015057187A1 (en) * 2013-10-14 2015-04-23 Draeger Safety, Inc. Intelligent personnel escape routing during hazard event
WO2016109144A1 (en) * 2014-12-30 2016-07-07 Google Inc. Situationally aware alarm
KR101640167B1 (ko) * 2015-11-09 2016-07-22 주식회사 코너스톤즈테크놀로지 스마트 대피 유도 시스템 및 그 방법
US10515522B2 (en) 2018-02-14 2019-12-24 Mark S. Sankey System and method for adaptive wayfinding

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19644127A1 (de) * 1996-10-23 1998-04-30 Wolfram Prof Dr Ing Klingsch Evakuierungssystem
US7259656B1 (en) * 2001-11-13 2007-08-21 Ch2M Hill Industrial Design & Construction, Inc. System and method for displaying safe exit routes during an emergency condition
US20070279210A1 (en) * 2006-06-06 2007-12-06 Honeywell International Inc. Time-dependent classification and signaling of evacuation route safety
US20090102619A1 (en) * 2005-02-15 2009-04-23 Franz Blohberger Evacuation System Having Escape Identification Lights
US7579945B1 (en) * 2008-06-20 2009-08-25 International Business Machines Corporation System and method for dynamically and efficently directing evacuation of a building during an emergency condition
US20100057354A1 (en) * 2008-08-28 2010-03-04 Henry Chen Method of Route Retrieval
US20100309004A1 (en) * 2007-12-20 2010-12-09 Gottfried Grundler Evacuation system and escape route indicator therefore

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19644127A1 (de) * 1996-10-23 1998-04-30 Wolfram Prof Dr Ing Klingsch Evakuierungssystem
US7259656B1 (en) * 2001-11-13 2007-08-21 Ch2M Hill Industrial Design & Construction, Inc. System and method for displaying safe exit routes during an emergency condition
US20090102619A1 (en) * 2005-02-15 2009-04-23 Franz Blohberger Evacuation System Having Escape Identification Lights
US20070279210A1 (en) * 2006-06-06 2007-12-06 Honeywell International Inc. Time-dependent classification and signaling of evacuation route safety
US20100309004A1 (en) * 2007-12-20 2010-12-09 Gottfried Grundler Evacuation system and escape route indicator therefore
US7579945B1 (en) * 2008-06-20 2009-08-25 International Business Machines Corporation System and method for dynamically and efficently directing evacuation of a building during an emergency condition
US20100057354A1 (en) * 2008-08-28 2010-03-04 Henry Chen Method of Route Retrieval

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2014080040A2 (en) * 2012-11-26 2014-05-30 Ats Group (Ip Holdings) Limited Method and system for evacuation support
WO2014080040A3 (en) * 2012-11-26 2014-07-17 Ats Group (Ip Holdings) Limited Method and system for evacuation support
WO2015057187A1 (en) * 2013-10-14 2015-04-23 Draeger Safety, Inc. Intelligent personnel escape routing during hazard event
WO2016109144A1 (en) * 2014-12-30 2016-07-07 Google Inc. Situationally aware alarm
KR101640167B1 (ko) * 2015-11-09 2016-07-22 주식회사 코너스톤즈테크놀로지 스마트 대피 유도 시스템 및 그 방법
WO2017082606A1 (ko) * 2015-11-09 2017-05-18 주식회사 코너스톤즈테크놀로지 스마트 대피 유도 시스템 및 그 방법
US10515522B2 (en) 2018-02-14 2019-12-24 Mark S. Sankey System and method for adaptive wayfinding

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
AU2022200402B2 (en) Home emergency guidance and advisement system
US7026947B2 (en) Building emergency path finding systems and method
US20120047083A1 (en) Fire Situation Awareness And Evacuation Support
JP2017506788A (ja) スマート非常出口表示
EP2592606A1 (de) Gebäude Evakuationssystem mit Evakuierungsmethode der Bewohner
EP3989136B1 (de) Ortsevakuierungssystem
CN111492414A (zh) 实时管理建筑物的疏散
US7161481B2 (en) Intelligent component management for fire and other life safety systems
EP2193667A1 (de) Systeme und verfahren zur ausgabe direktionaler audioinhalte und personalisierter notfallalarme über adressierbare lautsprecher
Vilar et al. Smart systems in emergency wayfinding: A literature review
Lee et al. Environment adaptive emergency evacuation route guide through digital signage systems
KR101860872B1 (ko) 건물 침수 재난 예방시스템
SA520420073B1 (ar) نظام سلامة موزع من أجل منشآت صناعية
US11030884B1 (en) Real-time prevention and emergency management system and respective method of operation
US20230410615A1 (en) System integrating disparate emergency detection and response capabilities
US11176788B2 (en) Emergency notification system and method
EP2983148B1 (de) Stimmempfindliches Notfallalarmsystem
KR102101815B1 (ko) 블루투스를 이용한 대피로 안내 시스템
Pizzileo et al. A new escape routing strategy for controlling evacuation from buildings
Costa et al. Automatic assignment of emergency vehicles in response to sensors-based generated alarms in smart city scenarios
WO2009017628A2 (en) Programmable, progressive guiding system: apparatus and method
US11423781B2 (en) System and method for facilitating coordinated, efficient response to fire emergency
Grindrod Information Driven Evacuation System (IDES)
Rahman et al. Using agent-based simulation of human behavior to reduce evacuation time
Shino et al. Complex fire alarm system design and commissioning: Fire protection engineers should determine the level of complexity needed in a fire alarm system design based on the building size/type and design a system that meets code requirements accordingly

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR

AX Request for extension of the european patent

Extension state: BA ME

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION IS DEEMED TO BE WITHDRAWN

18D Application deemed to be withdrawn

Effective date: 20131116