EP2589264A1 - Led light signal - Google Patents

Led light signal

Info

Publication number
EP2589264A1
EP2589264A1 EP11725717.0A EP11725717A EP2589264A1 EP 2589264 A1 EP2589264 A1 EP 2589264A1 EP 11725717 A EP11725717 A EP 11725717A EP 2589264 A1 EP2589264 A1 EP 2589264A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
signal
sensor
leds
color
led light
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP11725717.0A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2589264B1 (en
Inventor
Eike Berg
Rolf Eckl
Norbert PÖPPLOW
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Publication of EP2589264A1 publication Critical patent/EP2589264A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2589264B1 publication Critical patent/EP2589264B1/en
Priority to HRP20180603TT priority Critical patent/HRP20180603T1/en
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B5/00—Visible signalling systems, e.g. personal calling systems, remote indication of seats occupied
    • G08B5/22—Visible signalling systems, e.g. personal calling systems, remote indication of seats occupied using electric transmission; using electromagnetic transmission
    • G08B5/36—Visible signalling systems, e.g. personal calling systems, remote indication of seats occupied using electric transmission; using electromagnetic transmission using visible light sources
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61L—GUIDING RAILWAY TRAFFIC; ENSURING THE SAFETY OF RAILWAY TRAFFIC
    • B61L5/00—Local operating mechanisms for points or track-mounted scotch-blocks; Visible or audible signals; Local operating mechanisms for visible or audible signals
    • B61L5/12—Visible signals
    • B61L5/18—Light signals; Mechanisms associated therewith, e.g. blinders
    • B61L5/1809—Daylight signals
    • B61L5/1827—Daylight signals using light sources of different colours and a common optical system
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61L—GUIDING RAILWAY TRAFFIC; ENSURING THE SAFETY OF RAILWAY TRAFFIC
    • B61L5/00—Local operating mechanisms for points or track-mounted scotch-blocks; Visible or audible signals; Local operating mechanisms for visible or audible signals
    • B61L5/12—Visible signals
    • B61L5/18—Light signals; Mechanisms associated therewith, e.g. blinders
    • B61L5/1809—Daylight signals
    • B61L5/1881—Wiring diagrams for power supply, control or testing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B45/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED]
    • H05B45/20—Controlling the colour of the light
    • H05B45/22—Controlling the colour of the light using optical feedback
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B45/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED]
    • H05B45/30—Driver circuits
    • H05B45/32—Pulse-control circuits
    • H05B45/327—Burst dimming
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B45/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED]
    • H05B45/50—Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED] responsive to malfunctions or undesirable behaviour of LEDs; responsive to LED life; Protective circuits
    • H05B45/58—Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED] responsive to malfunctions or undesirable behaviour of LEDs; responsive to LED life; Protective circuits involving end of life detection of LEDs
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61L—GUIDING RAILWAY TRAFFIC; ENSURING THE SAFETY OF RAILWAY TRAFFIC
    • B61L2207/00—Features of light signals
    • B61L2207/02—Features of light signals using light-emitting diodes [LEDs]

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an LED light signal, in particular LED railway light signal, with a signal generator for generating different colored points of light, wherein the LEDs as multi-color LEDs, in particular RGB LEDs - red / yellow / blue LEDs - thoroughlybil ⁇ det are.
  • LEDs Light signals or LEDs on the basis of LEDs - light emitting diodes - instead of incandescent lamps are increasingly used in many areas, especially in railway signaling. LEDs are comparatively inexpensive, durable and bright. The trend is towards HLED - high current LED - whose light intensity is so high that even a single HLED emits enough light per light point to achieve the required brightness.
  • an actual current monitoring for each light point can be additionally provided.
  • SIL3 or SIL4 In order to be able to operate the light signal in safety level SIL3 or SIL4, it must be ensured that only the light spot is supplied with the intended color and that the other light points are not current-carrying.
  • RGB LEDs are known - red / yellow / blue LEDs - in which three LEDs with the colors red, yellow and blue are integrated into one LED housing. Due to the nature of these RGB LEDs, it is difficult or impossible to determine, based on a current measurement, through which of the three LEDs the current flows. However, this is required to achieve SIL3 or SIL4.
  • RGB LEDs it is possible to realize several colors in one light point.
  • LEDs of the same color are always energized, so that the number of colors that can be displayed is also limited by the number of differently colored LEDs.
  • RGB LEDs can be used to achieve a large number of colors, ie color locations, by simultaneously varying denominated LEDs are energized or controlled by PWM pulse width modulation ⁇ tion, resulting in mixed colors.
  • This technology is already used for lighting and display purposes ⁇ .
  • An adaptation to signal generator is problematic, however, because of the safety-relevant significance of the light signals, especially in railway operation, a sig ⁇ naltechnisch secure monitoring of both the light intensity and the color location is required.
  • the invention is based on the object, a multicolored
  • Signal generator has at least one optical sensor for fail-safe monitoring of the color locus and the light intensity. It is only through the safe detection of the optical parameters that it is possible to use RGB LEDs for light signals with very high safety requirements, in particular SIL3 or SIL4. On color-specific current measurements, which are not possible with RGB LEDs at all or only with great difficulty, can be dispensed with. Due to the tendency to light ⁇ stronger LEDs and simultaneously decreasing production costs, it is possible to use a single RGB LED instead of at least three individual HLEDs of different colors. The colors can also be safely mixed by signal technology.
  • the safe monitoring is based on the separation of the control for generating the required color location and the reliable optical monitoring of the actually emitted light. There- This results in a two-channel safe system, the control usually can not follow safety-relevant ⁇ he follow, but the overall system can be classified as signal technically safe in the sense of SIL3 or SIL4 by the fail-safe monitoring of the expected function.
  • At least two independent optical Senso ⁇ ren are provided. This ensures that changes in a measurement channel can be revealed.
  • the error detection can be additionally supported by a method that he ⁇ increases and decreases the target brightness slightly in the tolerable range. If the actual brightness measured in the at least two channels follows the setpoint brightness as expected, a fault-free system can be assumed.
  • the same principle can also be applied alternatively or additionally by varying the color location, whereby even higher safety requirements can be realized.
  • the optical sensor has a plurality of color-specific individual sensors. The farbspe ⁇ zifische single sensor registered only a brightness of the signal or a light intensity when the light spot was driven with the associated color.
  • the color-specific individual sensor can be realized, for example, by means of upstream color filters. In this way, a brightness sensor can be used, which is designed for the entire color range, ie for the entire visible light ⁇ spectrum.
  • the upstream of the single sensor Color filter causes the single sensor to react only to a certain color.
  • the optical sensor can but according to claim 3 as
  • the output signal of the optical sensor must be evaluated taking into account the spectral sensitivity of the sensor with regard to the spectral composition.
  • the sensor is connected according to claim 4 via a sensor amplifier and an A / D converter with a digital evaluation device, in particular a controller, for determining the actual color location and the actual light intensity.
  • the optical sensor detects the emitted light.
  • the sensor amplifier serves to amplify and calibrate the output signal of the optical sensor. By calibrating, physical properties, such as the sensitive ⁇ ness of the sensor or the input area of evaluation, be compensated.
  • the output signals of the optical sensor may be normalized such that a conclusion on the color components is mög ⁇ Lich directly from the output signals.
  • the adjustment values follow from the properties of the sensor.
  • the environmental behavior, in particular ⁇ sondere the temperature behavior of the sensor during the generation ⁇ supply the tuning signal is taken into account.
  • the adjustment can also be shifted from the sensor amplifier to the evaluation device.
  • a sensitivity profile is stored in the controller.
  • the sensor amplifier can thereby be simplified.
  • the required hö ⁇ here dynamics of the input values the requirements to the A / D converter which is connected upstream of the controller increase.
  • the evaluation device a generated by ambient conditions, particularly the ambient temperature-dependent feedback signal and forwards it to a control ⁇ factory, said interlocking side, a drive signal is generated for acting on the signal transmitter and means for comparing the feedback signal are provided to the drive signal.
  • a suitable link with external influences such as temperature or ambient light
  • physical properties of components eg. B. their temperature behavior, or the site, z. B. with respect to the ambient light conditions, are compensated, so that a feedback signal is signaled to the interlocking, which is directly comparable to the drive signal for acting on the signal generator.
  • the interlocking thus always has reliable information about the proper functioning of the LED light signal.
  • the evaluation device additionally has means for comparison of the actual color location and / or the actual intensity with a desired color location and / or a target light intensity, wherein deviations that exceed a threshold over ⁇ trigger an intrinsically safe reaction.
  • the remindmel ⁇ -making to the interlocking can take place on the basis of monitoring or intrinsically safe reaction.
  • the evaluation device calculates an expected sensor signal from the drive signal for the signal transmitter and the spectral sensitivity of the optical sensor. This nominal sensor signal is compared with the detected actual sensor signal. chen. The deviation is evaluated, where appropriate, a eigensi ⁇ chere reaction, eg. B. a fail-safe shutdown occurs. In case of failure, the evaluation ensures that energization follows replaced according to the fail-safe principle, ie in case of a light signal for Signalbeg ⁇ riffs indication that the red stop signal lights.
  • FIG. 1 shows essential components of an LED light signal according to the invention
  • FIG. 2 shows a first embodiment of a monitoring device according to FIG. 1,
  • FIG. 3 shows a second embodiment of a monitoring device according to FIG. 1
  • FIG. 4 shows a third embodiment of a monitoring device according to FIG. 1
  • FIG. 5 shows a fourth embodiment of a monitoring device according to FIG. 1,
  • FIG. 6 shows a fifth embodiment of a monitoring device according to Figure 1 and
  • FIG. 7 shows a calculation scheme relating to the setpoint sensor signal for a monitoring device according to FIG. 6.
  • An LED railway light signal consists essentially of egg ⁇ nem signal generator 1, which is controlled by a signal box 2. 3 is and components for light emission and a monitoring device 4, which is connected via a feedback message 5 with the signal box 2.
  • the signal transmitted from the interlocking 2 to a control device 7 equipped with a temperature sensor 6 to the signal generator 1 includes information about the required signal image of the signal generator 1, in particular respects Lich color and light intensity.
  • the request message is associated with the output signal of the temperature ⁇ tursensors 6 for generating a target signal 8, which is converted by an LED driver 9 in three drive signals for at least one RGB-LED 10, the RGB-LED 10 Single LEDs 11, 12 and 13 in the colors red, yellow and blue.
  • the color of the emitted light through an optical system 14 is defined by the relative ratio of the three dently approximately ⁇ signals for the colors red, yellow and blue. This can be done for example via a pulse width modulation with corresponding pulse / pause ratios in conjunction with a variation of the respective LED current.
  • the light intensity results as the sum of the drive signals.
  • the monitoring device 4 consists essentially of an optical sensor 15, a sensor amplifier 16 and an evaluation device 17.
  • the optical sensor 15 detects the light of the RGB LED 10, while the sensor amplifier 16 is used to amplify and calibrate the sensor values. By means of calibration, physical properties of the sensor system, for example spectral sensitivity, are compensated.
  • the evaluation device 17 determines, from the signals of the sensor amplifier 16, the color and the intensity of the emitted light. of light. By linking or synchronizing with the desired signal 8 generated by the control device 7, the reliability or the availability of the moni ⁇ monitoring can be increased.
  • the evaluation device 17 is like the control device 7 is provided with a temperature sensor 18, so that taking into account the ambient temperature feedback 5 of the state of the signal generator 1 can be made to the Stell ⁇ technik 2. Also possible is an intrinsically safe reaction of the signal generator 1, z. B. a shutdown, which may be included in the feedback 5.
  • FIG. 2 shows an embodiment of the monitoring device 4 with an optical sensor 15.1, which contains color-specific, ie spectrally narrow-band, individual sensors 19 for red, 20 for yellow and 21 for blue.
  • the three output signals of this multi-color sensor 15.1 are adjusted in a three-channel sensor amplifier 16.1 such that a direct inference to the respective color components of the three channels is possible from the signals of the multicolor sensor 15.1.
  • the exhaust equal values follow from the properties of the multi-color sensor 15.1 and preferably in a controller of the evaluation device 17 ⁇ stored. If the evaluation device 17 is connected to environmental sensors 22, for example temperature sensors 18, the adjustment signal 23 can additionally take into account the behavior of the multicolor sensor 15.1 which is dependent on environmental conditions.
  • FIG. 3 shows a variant of the monitoring device 4 according to FIG. 2, in which the sensitivity adjustment does not take place in the sensor amplifier 16.1 but in the evaluation device 17.1.
  • the structure of the sensor amplifier 16 can thereby be simplified, while increasing the dynamics of the input values of the evaluation 17.1, however, the requirements of its upstream A / D converter.
  • Figure 4 illustrates a further variant of an over ⁇ monitoring device 4 according to Figure 1.
  • a link of the measurement signal with the branched-off from the driver 7 target signal 8 As a result, in the evaluation unit 17 is a calculation of the expected signal of the optical multi-color sensor 15.1 possible.
  • the factors for the calculation are derived from the spectral sensitivities of the multi-color sensor 15.1, that is, from sensor-specific properties and derived from the desired signal 8 switching state of the signal generator 1. In this way, the conversion of the Sen ⁇ sorsignals omitted in color information.
  • This monitoring variant with desired / actual comparison is ⁇ gur 4 Darge ⁇ represents in Fi for a sensor amplifier / evaluation module 16.1 / 17 of Figure 2 and in Figure 5 for a sensor amplifier / evaluation module 16 / 17.1 of FIG. 3
  • a wide-spectrum sensor 15.2 is provided instead of the multicolor sensor 15.1. This generates an output signal, which is fed to a single-channel sensor amplifier 16.2.
  • the evaluation unit 17 calculated from the target signal 8 and the spectral sensitivity of the Breitspekt ⁇ 15.2 rumsensors an expected sensor signal. This expected signal is compared with the detected signal of the wide-spectrum sensor 15.2. A deviation between the desired and actual signal is evaluated in a voter 24 and fed to the feedback 5 to the signal box 2.
  • FIG. 7 shows the principle for the calculation of the desired signal 8 for the wide-spectrum sensor 15.2.
  • the control device 7 generates for the colors red rt, yellow and blue blue PWM signals with different lengths of light and dark phases within a constant period t.
  • the period t is below the perception threshold.
  • time-Lich ⁇ resolution scan of the measured sensor signal in combination with synchronous detection of the desired signal 8 is a failed or weakened color LED or recognizable.
  • the mixed colors for red rt, yellow and blue must also result in the monitoring as the summation of the respective bright phases of the individual colors within the period t.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Spectrometry And Color Measurement (AREA)
  • Train Traffic Observation, Control, And Security (AREA)
  • Circuit Arrangement For Electric Light Sources In General (AREA)
  • Optical Communication System (AREA)
  • Led Devices (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to an LED light signal, in particular an LED railway light signal, comprising a signal generator (1) for generating varicoloured light spots, wherein the LEDs are embodied as multicolour LEDs, in particular RGB LEDs (10) - Red (11) /Yellow (12) /Blue (13) LEDs. In order to be able to utilize the possibilities for colour mixing and thus for realizing a large number of colour variants for safety-relevant signalling technology, the invention provides for the signal generator (1) to have at least one optical sensor (15, 15.1, 15.2) for monitoring the colour locus and the light intensity reliably in terms of signalling technology.

Description

Beschreibung LED-Lichtsignal Die Erfindung betrifft ein LED-Lichtsignal, insbesondere LED- Eisenbahnlichtsignal, mit einem Signalgeber zur Erzeugung verschiedenfarbiger Lichtpunkte, wobei die LEDs als Mehrfarb- LEDs, insbesondere RGB-LEDs - Rot/Gelb/Blau-LEDs -, ausgebil¬ det sind. The invention relates to an LED light signal, in particular LED railway light signal, with a signal generator for generating different colored points of light, wherein the LEDs as multi-color LEDs, in particular RGB LEDs - red / yellow / blue LEDs - ausgebil ¬ det are.
Die nachstehenden Erläuterungen beziehen sich im Wesentlichen auf Leuchtzeichen oder Lichtsignale zur Darstellung von Signalbegriffen bei schienengebundenen Verkehrswegen, ohne dass der beanspruchte erfinderische Gegenstand auf diese Anwendung beschränkt sein soll. The following explanations relate essentially to illuminated signs or light signals for the representation of signal terms in rail-bound traffic routes, without the claimed inventive subject matter being restricted to this application.
Lichtsignale oder Leuchtzeichen auf der Basis von LEDs - lichtemittierende Dioden - anstelle von Glühlampen werden in vielen Bereichen, insbesondere in der Eisenbahnsignaltechnik, zunehmend angewendet. LEDs sind vergleichsweise preiswert, langlebig und lichtstark. Dabei geht der Trend in Richtung HLED - Hochstrom-LED -, deren Lichtstärke derart hoch ist, dass bereits eine einzige HLED pro Lichtpunkt genügend Licht emittiert, um die geforderte Helligkeit zu erreichen. Light signals or LEDs on the basis of LEDs - light emitting diodes - instead of incandescent lamps are increasingly used in many areas, especially in railway signaling. LEDs are comparatively inexpensive, durable and bright. The trend is towards HLED - high current LED - whose light intensity is so high that even a single HLED emits enough light per light point to achieve the required brightness.
Bei den bisher üblichen LED-Matrizen mit einer Vielzahl von LEDs wird deren Funktionsfähigkeit durch eine Strommessung überwacht. Dabei ist gewährleistet, dass auch bei einigen de¬ fekten oder ausgefallenen LEDs über einen bestimmten Zeitraum eine Mindesthelligkeit erhalten bleibt. Bei HLEDs führt deren Ausfall dagegen schlagartig zu einem extremen Helligkeitsverlust, so dass das übliche Überwachungskonzept mittels Strom¬ messung den sicherheitstechnischen Anforderungen, insbesondere bei den Sicherheitsstufen SIL3 und SIL4 nicht mehr genügt. Die Sicherheitsstufen sind in der Cenelec-Norm EN50129 von SILO - signaltechnisch nicht sicher - bis SIL4 - signaltechnisch hochgradig sicher - definiert. Um die Funktionsfähigkeit der LEDs, insbesondere der HLEDs, zu überprüfen, wird deshalb zunehmend anstelle der Bestromung oder zusätzlich die Lichtstärke des Signals gemessen. Die gemessene Ist- Lichtstärke kann auch als Führungsgröße für einen Regelung der Lichtstärke auf einen vorgegebenen Sollwert verwendet werden . In the usual LED matrixes with a large number of LEDs, their functionality is monitored by a current measurement. It is ensured that even with some de ¬ fects or failed LEDs over a certain period of time, a minimum brightness is maintained. With HLEDs, however, their failure leads abruptly to an extreme loss of brightness, so that the usual monitoring concept by means of current ¬ measurement the safety requirements, especially in the security levels SIL3 and SIL4 is no longer sufficient. The safety levels are defined in the Cenelec standard EN50129 by SILO - not technically safe - up to SIL4 - highly safe signaling - defined. In order to check the functionality of the LEDs, in particular the HLEDs, is therefore increasingly measured instead of the current or in addition the light intensity of the signal. The measured actual light intensity can also be used as a reference variable for controlling the light intensity to a predetermined desired value.
Bei Lichtsignalen mit verschiedenfarbigen Lichtpunkten kann zusätzlich eine Ist-Stromüberwachung für jeden Lichtpunkt vorgesehen werden. Um das Lichtsignal in Sicherheitsstufe SIL3 oder SIL4 betreiben zu können, muss sichergestellt sein, dass nur der Lichtpunkt mit der vorgesehenen Farbe bestromt isst und dass die weiteren Lichtpunkte nicht stromdurchflos- sen sind. For light signals with different colored light points, an actual current monitoring for each light point can be additionally provided. In order to be able to operate the light signal in safety level SIL3 or SIL4, it must be ensured that only the light spot is supplied with the intended color and that the other light points are not current-carrying.
Ein weiterer Trend in der LED-Technologie besteht darin, LEDs unterschiedlicher Farben in einer kompakten Baueinheit zusammenzufassen. Bekannt sind beispielsweise RGB-LEDs - Rot/Gelb/Blau-LEDs -, bei denen in einen LED-Gehäuse drei LEDs mit den Farben rot, gelb und blau integriert sind. Bei diesen RGB-LEDs ist es bauartbedingt nicht oder nur schwer möglich, aufgrund einer Strommessung zu ermitteln, durch welche der drei LEDs der Strom fließt. Dies ist jedoch erforderlich, um SIL3 oder SIL4 zu erreichen. Another trend in LED technology is to combine LEDs of different colors in a compact package. For example, RGB LEDs are known - red / yellow / blue LEDs - in which three LEDs with the colors red, yellow and blue are integrated into one LED housing. Due to the nature of these RGB LEDs, it is difficult or impossible to determine, based on a current measurement, through which of the three LEDs the current flows. However, this is required to achieve SIL3 or SIL4.
Mit RGB-LEDs ist es möglich, mehrere Farben in einem Licht- punkt zu realisieren. Dabei werden jedoch immer LEDs gleicher Farbe bestromt, so dass die Anzahl der darstellbaren Farben auch die Anzahl verschiedenfarbiger LEDs begrenzt ist. Prinzipiell kann mit RGB-LEDs jedoch eine Vielzahl von Farben, d. h. Farborten, erreicht werden, indem gleichzeitig verschie- denfarbige LEDs bestromt oder mittels PWM - Pulsweitenmodula¬ tion - angesteuert werden, wodurch sich Mischfarben ergeben. Diese Technologie wird bereits für Beleuchtungs- und Anzeige¬ zwecke verwendet. Eine Adaption auf Signalgeber ist jedoch problematisch, da wegen der sicherheitsrelevanten Bedeutung der Lichtsignale, insbesondere im Eisenbahnbetrieb, eine sig¬ naltechnisch sichere Überwachung sowohl der Lichtstärke als auch des Farbortes erforderlich ist. Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein mehrfarbigesWith RGB LEDs it is possible to realize several colors in one light point. However, LEDs of the same color are always energized, so that the number of colors that can be displayed is also limited by the number of differently colored LEDs. In principle, however, RGB LEDs can be used to achieve a large number of colors, ie color locations, by simultaneously varying denominated LEDs are energized or controlled by PWM pulse width modulation ¬ tion, resulting in mixed colors. This technology is already used for lighting and display purposes ¬. An adaptation to signal generator is problematic, however, because of the safety-relevant significance of the light signals, especially in railway operation, a sig ¬ naltechnisch secure monitoring of both the light intensity and the color location is required. The invention is based on the object, a multicolored
LED-Lichtsignal anzugeben, das hohen Sicherheitsanforderungen genügt, wobei auch Mischfarben signaltechnisch sicher realisierbar sein sollen. Erfindungsgemäß wird die Aufgabe dadurch gelöst, dass derSpecify LED light signal that meets high safety requirements, with mixed colors should be safe signal technology realized. According to the invention the object is achieved in that the
Signalgeber mindestens einen optischen Sensor zur signaltechnisch sicheren Überwachung des Farbortes und der Lichtstärke aufweist . Erst durch die sichere Erfassung der optischen Parameter ist es möglich, RGB-LEDs für Lichtsignale mit sehr hohen Sicherheitsanforderungen, insbesondere SIL3 oder SIL4, verwenden zu können. Auf farbspezifische Strommessungen, die bei RGB-LEDs überhaupt nicht oder nur mit größten Schwierigkeiten möglich sind, kann verzichtet werden. Aufgrund der Tendenz zu licht¬ stärkeren LEDs und gleichzeitig sinkender Herstellungskosten ist es möglich, anstelle mindestens dreier einzelner HLEDs unterschiedlicher Farben eine einzige RGB-LED einzusetzen. Die Farben können außerdem signaltechnisch sicher gemischt werden. Signal generator has at least one optical sensor for fail-safe monitoring of the color locus and the light intensity. It is only through the safe detection of the optical parameters that it is possible to use RGB LEDs for light signals with very high safety requirements, in particular SIL3 or SIL4. On color-specific current measurements, which are not possible with RGB LEDs at all or only with great difficulty, can be dispensed with. Due to the tendency to light ¬ stronger LEDs and simultaneously decreasing production costs, it is possible to use a single RGB LED instead of at least three individual HLEDs of different colors. The colors can also be safely mixed by signal technology.
Die sichere Überwachung basiert auf der Trennung der Ansteue- rung zur Erzeugung des geforderten Farbortes und der sicheren optischen Überwachung des tatsächlich emittierten Lichts. Da- durch ergibt sich ein zweikanaliges sicheres System, wobei die Ansteuerung üblicherweise nicht sicherheitsrelevant er¬ folgen kann, das Gesamtsystem aber durch die signaltechnisch sichere Überwachung der erwarteten Funktion als signaltech- nisch sicher im Sinne von SIL3 oder SIL4 eingestuft werden kann . The safe monitoring is based on the separation of the control for generating the required color location and the reliable optical monitoring of the actually emitted light. There- This results in a two-channel safe system, the control usually can not follow safety-relevant ¬ he follow, but the overall system can be classified as signal technically safe in the sense of SIL3 or SIL4 by the fail-safe monitoring of the expected function.
Vorzugsweise sind mindestens zwei unabhängige optische Senso¬ ren vorgesehen. Dadurch ist gewährleistet, dass Änderungen in einem Messkanal offenbart werden können. Die Fehlererkennung kann zusätzlich durch ein Verfahren unterstützt werden, das die Soll-Helligkeit geringfügig im tolerierbaren Bereich er¬ höht und erniedrigt. Wenn die in den mindestens zwei Kanälen gemessene Ist-Helligkeit der Soll-Helligkeit erwartungsgemäß folgt, kann von einem fehlerfreien System ausgegangen werden. Das gleiche Prinzip kann auch durch Variation des Farbortes alternativ oder zusätzlich angewendet werden, wodurch noch höhere Anforderungen an die Sicherheit realisierbar sind. Gemäß Anspruch 2 ist vorgesehen, dass der optische Sensor mehrere farbspezifische Einzelsensoren aufweist. Der farbspe¬ zifische Einzelsensor registriert nur dann eine Helligkeit des Signals bzw. eine Lichtstärke, wenn der Lichtpunkt mit der zugeordneten Farbe angesteuert wurde. Fehler jeglicher Art werden leicht erkannt, da dann entweder keiner der farbspezifischen Einzelsensoren oder ein Einzelsensor, der nicht der gewünschten Farbe zugeordnet ist, ein Ausgangssignal er¬ zeugt . Der farbspezifische Einzelsensor kann beispielsweise mittels vorgeschalteter Farbfilter realisiert werden. Auf diese Weise kann ein Helligkeitssensor verwendet werden, der für den gesamten Farbbereich, d. h. für das gesamte sichtbare Licht¬ spektrum, ausgelegt ist. Der dem Einzelsensor vorgeschaltete Farbfilter bewirkt, dass der Einzelsensor nur auf eine bestimmte Farbe reagiert. Preferably at least two independent optical Senso ¬ ren are provided. This ensures that changes in a measurement channel can be revealed. The error detection can be additionally supported by a method that he ¬ increases and decreases the target brightness slightly in the tolerable range. If the actual brightness measured in the at least two channels follows the setpoint brightness as expected, a fault-free system can be assumed. The same principle can also be applied alternatively or additionally by varying the color location, whereby even higher safety requirements can be realized. According to claim 2 it is provided that the optical sensor has a plurality of color-specific individual sensors. The farbspe ¬ zifische single sensor registered only a brightness of the signal or a light intensity when the light spot was driven with the associated color. Errors of any kind are easily recognized, since then either none of the color-specific individual sensors or a single sensor, which is not assigned to the desired color, an output signal he testifies ¬ . The color-specific individual sensor can be realized, for example, by means of upstream color filters. In this way, a brightness sensor can be used, which is designed for the entire color range, ie for the entire visible light ¬ spectrum. The upstream of the single sensor Color filter causes the single sensor to react only to a certain color.
Der optische Sensor kann aber gemäß Anspruch 3 auch als The optical sensor can but according to claim 3 as
Breitspektrumsensor ausgebildet sein. In dem Fall muss das Ausgangssignal des optischen Sensors unter Berücksichtigung der spektralen Empfindlichkeit des Sensors hinsichtlich der spektralen Zusammensetzung ausgewertet werden. Vorzugsweise ist der Sensor gemäß Anspruch 4 über einen Sensorverstärker und einen A/D-Wandler mit einer digitalen Auswerteeinrichtung, insbesondere einem Controller, zur Ermittlung des Ist-Farbortes und der Ist-Lichtstärke verbunden. Der optische Sensor erfasst das emittierte Licht. Der Sensorver- stärker dient der Verstärkung und Kalibrierung des Ausgangssignals des optischen Sensors. Durch die Kalibrierung können physikalische Eigenschaften, beispielsweise die Empfindlich¬ keit des Sensors oder der Eingangsbereich der Auswerteeinrichtung, ausgeglichen werden. Be formed broad spectrum sensor. In that case, the output signal of the optical sensor must be evaluated taking into account the spectral sensitivity of the sensor with regard to the spectral composition. Preferably, the sensor is connected according to claim 4 via a sensor amplifier and an A / D converter with a digital evaluation device, in particular a controller, for determining the actual color location and the actual light intensity. The optical sensor detects the emitted light. The sensor amplifier serves to amplify and calibrate the output signal of the optical sensor. By calibrating, physical properties, such as the sensitive ¬ ness of the sensor or the input area of evaluation, be compensated.
Durch den Empfindlichkeitsabgleich können die Ausgangssignale des optischen Sensors derart normiert werden, dass direkt aus den Ausgangssignalen ein Rückschluss auf die Farbanteile mög¬ lich ist. Die Abgleichwerte folgen aus den Eigenschaften des Sensors. Vorzugsweise wird auch das Umweltverhalten, insbe¬ sondere das Temperaturverhalten, des Sensors bei der Erzeu¬ gung des Abgleichsignals berücksichtigt. Due to the sensitivity adjustment, the output signals of the optical sensor may be normalized such that a conclusion on the color components is mög ¬ Lich directly from the output signals. The adjustment values follow from the properties of the sensor. Preferably, the environmental behavior, in particular ¬ sondere the temperature behavior of the sensor during the generation ¬ supply the tuning signal is taken into account.
Der Abgleich kann aber auch von dem Sensorverstärker auf die Auswerteeinrichtung verlagert werden. Dabei wird ein Empfindlichkeitsprofil im Controller abgelegt. Der Sensorverstärker kann dadurch vereinfacht werden. Durch die erforderliche hö¬ here Dynamik der Eingangswerte steigen jedoch die Anforderungen an den A/D-Wandler, der dem Controller vorgeschaltet ist. Durch geeignete Wahl des Auswerteverfahrens lassen sich so¬ wohl schmalbandige Sensoren gemäß Anspruch 2 als auch breit- bandige Sensoren gemäß Anspruch 3 vorteilhaft verwenden. However, the adjustment can also be shifted from the sensor amplifier to the evaluation device. A sensitivity profile is stored in the controller. The sensor amplifier can thereby be simplified. However, by the required hö ¬ here dynamics of the input values, the requirements to the A / D converter which is connected upstream of the controller increase. By suitable choice of the evaluation is so well ¬ narrowband sensors according to claim 2 as well as broad-band sensors can be used advantageously in accordance with claim. 3
Gemäß Anspruch 5 ist vorgesehen, dass die Auswerteeinrichtung ein von Umgebungsbedingungen, insbesondere der Umgebungstemperatur, abhängiges Rückmeldesignal erzeugt und an ein Stell¬ werk weiterleitet, wobei stellwerkseitig ein Ansteuersignal zur Beaufschlagung des Signalgebers erzeugt wird und Mittel zum Vergleich des Rückmeldesignals mit dem Ansteuersignal vorgesehen sind. Durch eine geeignete Verknüpfung mit Außeneinflüssen, beispielsweise Temperatur oder Umgebungslicht, können physikalische Eigenschaften von Bauelementen, z. B. deren Temperaturverhalten, oder des Einsatzortes, z. B. hinsichtlich der Umgebungslichtverhältnisse, kompensiert werden, so dass ein Rückmeldesignal an das Stellwerk gemeldet wird, welches direkt mit dem Ansteuersignal zur Beaufschlagung des Signalgebers vergleichbar ist. Im Stellwerk ist somit jeder- zeit eine zuverlässige Information über die ordnungsgemäße Funktion des LED-Lichtsignals vorhanden. According to claim 5 it is provided that the evaluation device, a generated by ambient conditions, particularly the ambient temperature-dependent feedback signal and forwards it to a control ¬ factory, said interlocking side, a drive signal is generated for acting on the signal transmitter and means for comparing the feedback signal are provided to the drive signal. By a suitable link with external influences, such as temperature or ambient light, physical properties of components, eg. B. their temperature behavior, or the site, z. B. with respect to the ambient light conditions, are compensated, so that a feedback signal is signaled to the interlocking, which is directly comparable to the drive signal for acting on the signal generator. The interlocking thus always has reliable information about the proper functioning of the LED light signal.
Gemäß Anspruch 6 besitzt die Auswerteeinrichtung zusätzlich Mittel zum Vergleich des Ist-Farbortes und/oder der Ist- Lichtstärke mit einem Soll-Farbort und/oder einer Soll- Lichtstärke, wobei Abweichungen, die einen Schwellwert über¬ schreiten, eine eigensichere Reaktion auslösen. Die Rückmel¬ dung an das Stellwerk kann dabei auf Basis der Überwachung oder der eigensicheren Reaktion erfolgen. According to claim 6 the evaluation device additionally has means for comparison of the actual color location and / or the actual intensity with a desired color location and / or a target light intensity, wherein deviations that exceed a threshold over ¬ trigger an intrinsically safe reaction. The Rückmel ¬-making to the interlocking can take place on the basis of monitoring or intrinsically safe reaction.
Die Auswerteeinrichtung berechnet aus dem Ansteuersignal für den Signalgeber und der spektralen Empfindlichkeit des optischen Sensors ein erwartetes Sensorsignal. Dieses Soll- Sensorsignal wird mit dem erfassten Ist-Sensorsignal vergli- chen. Die Abweichung wird bewertet, wobei ggf. eine eigensi¬ chere Reaktion, z. B. eine signaltechnisch sichere Abschaltung, erfolgt. Im Fehlerfall sorgt die Auswerteeinrichtung dafür, dass eine Bestromung nach dem Fail-Safe-Prinzip er- folgt, d. h. im Falle eines Lichtsignals für die Signalbeg¬ riffsanzeige, dass das rote Haltsignal leuchtet. The evaluation device calculates an expected sensor signal from the drive signal for the signal transmitter and the spectral sensitivity of the optical sensor. This nominal sensor signal is compared with the detected actual sensor signal. chen. The deviation is evaluated, where appropriate, a eigensi ¬ chere reaction, eg. B. a fail-safe shutdown occurs. In case of failure, the evaluation ensures that energization follows replaced according to the fail-safe principle, ie in case of a light signal for Signalbeg ¬ riffs indication that the red stop signal lights.
Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend anhand figürlicher Darstellungen näher erläutert. Es zeigen: The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to figurative representations. Show it:
Figur 1 wesentliche Baugruppen eines erfindungsgemäßen LED- Lichtsignals, FIG. 1 shows essential components of an LED light signal according to the invention,
Figur 2 eine erste Ausführungsform einer Überwachungsein- richtung gemäß Figur 1, FIG. 2 shows a first embodiment of a monitoring device according to FIG. 1,
Figur 3 eine zweite Ausführungsform einer Überwachungseinrichtung gemäß Figur 1, Figur 4 eine dritte Ausführungsform einer Überwachungseinrichtung gemäß Figur 1, FIG. 3 shows a second embodiment of a monitoring device according to FIG. 1, FIG. 4 shows a third embodiment of a monitoring device according to FIG. 1,
Figur 5 eine vierte Ausführungsform einer Überwachungseinrichtung gemäß Figur 1, FIG. 5 shows a fourth embodiment of a monitoring device according to FIG. 1,
Figur 6 eine fünfte Ausführungsform einer Überwachungseinrichtung gemäß Figur 1 und 6 shows a fifth embodiment of a monitoring device according to Figure 1 and
Figur 7 ein Berechnungsschema bezüglich des Soll- Sensorsignals für eine Überwachungseinrichtung gemäß Figur 6. FIG. 7 shows a calculation scheme relating to the setpoint sensor signal for a monitoring device according to FIG. 6.
Ein LED-Eisenbahnlichtsignal besteht im Wesentlichen aus ei¬ nem Signalgeber 1, der von einem Stellwerk 2 angesteuert 3 wird und Komponenten zur Lichtabstrahlung sowie eine Überwachungseinrichtung 4 aufweist, welche über eine Rückmeldung 5 mit dem Stellwerk 2 verbunden ist. Die von dem Stellwerk 2 an eine mit einem Temperatursensor 6 ausgestattete Ansteuereinrichtung 7 übermittelte Anforderung an den Signalgeber 1 beinhaltet Information über das geforderte Signalbild des Signalgebers 1, insbesondere hinsicht¬ lich Farbe und Lichtstärke. In der Ansteuereinrichtung 7 wird die Anforderungsmeldung mit dem Ausgangssignal des Tempera¬ tursensors 6 zur Erzeugung eines Soll-Signals 8 verknüpft, welches über einen LED-Treiber 9 in drei Ansteuerungssignale für mindestens eine RGB-LED 10 umgesetzt wird, wobei die RGB- LED 10 Einzel-LEDs 11, 12 und 13 in den Farben rot, gelb und blau aufweist. An LED railway light signal consists essentially of egg ¬ nem signal generator 1, which is controlled by a signal box 2. 3 is and components for light emission and a monitoring device 4, which is connected via a feedback message 5 with the signal box 2. The signal transmitted from the interlocking 2 to a control device 7 equipped with a temperature sensor 6 to the signal generator 1 includes information about the required signal image of the signal generator 1, in particular respects Lich color and light intensity. In the driving device 7, the request message is associated with the output signal of the temperature ¬ tursensors 6 for generating a target signal 8, which is converted by an LED driver 9 in three drive signals for at least one RGB-LED 10, the RGB-LED 10 Single LEDs 11, 12 and 13 in the colors red, yellow and blue.
Die Farbe des über ein optisches System 14 ausgesendeten Lichts wird durch das relative Verhältnis der drei Ansteue¬ rungssignale für die Farben rot, gelb und blau definiert. Das kann beispielsweise über eine Pulsweitenmodulation mit entsprechenden Puls/Pausen-Verhältnissen in Verbindung mit einer Variation des jeweiligen LED-Stromes erfolgen. Die Lichtstärke ergibt sich als Summe der Ansteuerungssignale. Die Überwachungseinrichtung 4 besteht im Wesentlichen aus einem optischen Sensor 15, einem Sensorverstärker 16 und einer Auswerteeinrichtung 17. Der optische Sensor 15 erfasst das Licht der RGB-LED 10, während der Sensorverstärker 16 der Verstärkung und Kalibrierung der Sensorwerte dient. Mittels Kalibrierung werden physikalische Eigenschaften der Sensorik, beispielsweise spektrale Empfindlichkeit, ausgeglichen. The color of the emitted light through an optical system 14 is defined by the relative ratio of the three dently approximately ¬ signals for the colors red, yellow and blue. This can be done for example via a pulse width modulation with corresponding pulse / pause ratios in conjunction with a variation of the respective LED current. The light intensity results as the sum of the drive signals. The monitoring device 4 consists essentially of an optical sensor 15, a sensor amplifier 16 and an evaluation device 17. The optical sensor 15 detects the light of the RGB LED 10, while the sensor amplifier 16 is used to amplify and calibrate the sensor values. By means of calibration, physical properties of the sensor system, for example spectral sensitivity, are compensated.
Die Auswerteeinrichtung 17 bestimmt aus den Signalen des Sensorverstärkers 16 die Farbe und die Lichtstärke des ausgesen- deten Lichts. Durch eine Verknüpfung bzw. Synchronisierung mit dem von der Ansteuereinrichtung 7 erzeugten Soll-Signal 8 kann die Zuverlässigkeit bzw. die Verfügbarkeit der Überwa¬ chung erhöht werden. Die Auswerteeinrichtung 17 ist wie die Ansteuereinrichtung 7 mit einem Temperatursensor 18 versehen, so dass unter Berücksichtigung der Umgebungstemperatur die Rückmeldung 5 des Zustandes des Signalgebers 1 an das Stell¬ werk 2 erfolgen kann. Möglich ist auch eine eigensichere Reaktion des Signalgebers 1, z. B. eine Abschaltung, die in der Rückmeldung 5 enthalten sein kann. The evaluation device 17 determines, from the signals of the sensor amplifier 16, the color and the intensity of the emitted light. of light. By linking or synchronizing with the desired signal 8 generated by the control device 7, the reliability or the availability of the moni ¬ monitoring can be increased. The evaluation device 17 is like the control device 7 is provided with a temperature sensor 18, so that taking into account the ambient temperature feedback 5 of the state of the signal generator 1 can be made to the Stell ¬ werk 2. Also possible is an intrinsically safe reaction of the signal generator 1, z. B. a shutdown, which may be included in the feedback 5.
Figur 2 zeigt eine Ausführungsform der Überwachungseinrichtung 4 mit einem optischen Sensor 15.1, der farbspezifische, d. h. spektral schmalbandige, Einzelsensoren 19 für rot, 20 für gelb und 21 für blau beinhaltet. Die drei Ausgangssignale dieses Mehrfarbsensors 15.1 werden in einem dreikanaligen Sensorverstärker 16.1 derart abgeglichen, dass aus den Signalen des Mehrfarbsensors 15.1 ein direkter Rückschluss auf die jeweiligen Farbanteile der drei Kanäle möglich ist. Die Ab- gleichwerte folgen aus den Eigenschaften des Mehrfarbsensors 15.1 und sind vorzugsweise in einem Controller der Auswerte¬ einrichtung 17 gespeichert. Wenn die Auswerteeinrichtung 17 mit Umgebungssensoren 22, beispielsweise Temperatursensoren 18, beschaltet ist, kann das Abgleichsignal 23 zusätzlich das von Umgebungsbedingungen abhängige Verhalten des Mehrfarbsensors 15.1 berücksichtigen. FIG. 2 shows an embodiment of the monitoring device 4 with an optical sensor 15.1, which contains color-specific, ie spectrally narrow-band, individual sensors 19 for red, 20 for yellow and 21 for blue. The three output signals of this multi-color sensor 15.1 are adjusted in a three-channel sensor amplifier 16.1 such that a direct inference to the respective color components of the three channels is possible from the signals of the multicolor sensor 15.1. The exhaust equal values follow from the properties of the multi-color sensor 15.1 and preferably in a controller of the evaluation device 17 ¬ stored. If the evaluation device 17 is connected to environmental sensors 22, for example temperature sensors 18, the adjustment signal 23 can additionally take into account the behavior of the multicolor sensor 15.1 which is dependent on environmental conditions.
Figur 3 zeigt eine Variante der Überwachungseinrichtung 4 gemäß Figur 2, bei der der Empfindlichkeitsabgleich nicht im Sensorverstärker 16.1, sondern in der Auswerteeinrichtung 17.1 stattfindet. Der Aufbau des Sensorverstärkers 16 kann dadurch vereinfacht werden, während durch höhere Dynamik der Eingangswerte der Auswerteeinrichtung 17.1 jedoch die Anforderungen an dessen vorgeschalteten A/D-Wandler steigen. Figur 4 veranschaulicht eine weitere Variante für eine Über¬ wachungseinrichtung 4 gemäß Figur 1. Zusätzlich zu der Ausführungsform gemäß Figur 2 erfolgt hier eine Verknüpfung des Messsignals mit dem von der Ansteuereinrichtung 7 abgezweigten Soll-Signal 8 Dadurch ist in der Auswerteeinrichtung 17 eine Berechnung des zu erwartenden Signals des optischen Mehrfarbsensors 15.1 möglich. Die Faktoren für die Berechnung ergeben sich aus den spektralen Empfindlichkeiten des Mehr- farbsensors 15.1, d. h. aus sensorspezifischen Eigenschaften und dem aus dem Soll-Signal 8 abgeleiteten Schaltzustand des Signalgebers 1. Auf diese Weise kann die Umrechnung des Sen¬ sorsignals in eine Farbinformation entfallen. Diese Überwachungsvariante mit Soll/Ist-Vergleich ist in Fi¬ gur 4 für eine Sensorverstärker/Auswerteeinrichtung-Baugruppe 16.1/17 nach Figur 2 und in Figur 5 für eine Sensorverstärker/Auswerteeinrichtung-Baugruppe 16/17.1 nach Figur 3 darge¬ stellt . FIG. 3 shows a variant of the monitoring device 4 according to FIG. 2, in which the sensitivity adjustment does not take place in the sensor amplifier 16.1 but in the evaluation device 17.1. The structure of the sensor amplifier 16 can thereby be simplified, while increasing the dynamics of the input values of the evaluation 17.1, however, the requirements of its upstream A / D converter. Figure 4 illustrates a further variant of an over ¬ monitoring device 4 according to Figure 1. In addition to the embodiment according to figure 2 takes place here a link of the measurement signal with the branched-off from the driver 7 target signal 8 As a result, in the evaluation unit 17 is a calculation of the expected signal of the optical multi-color sensor 15.1 possible. The factors for the calculation are derived from the spectral sensitivities of the multi-color sensor 15.1, that is, from sensor-specific properties and derived from the desired signal 8 switching state of the signal generator 1. In this way, the conversion of the Sen ¬ sorsignals omitted in color information. This monitoring variant with desired / actual comparison is ¬ gur 4 Darge ¬ represents in Fi for a sensor amplifier / evaluation module 16.1 / 17 of Figure 2 and in Figure 5 for a sensor amplifier / evaluation module 16 / 17.1 of FIG. 3
Bei der in Figur 6 dargestellten Ausführungsform der Überwachungseinrichtung 4 ist anstelle des Mehrfarbsensors 15.1 ein Breitspektrumsensor 15.2 vorgesehen. Dieser erzeugt ein Ausgangssignal, welches einem einkanaligen Sensorverstärker 16.2 zugeführt ist. Wie bei den Ausführungsformen der Figuren 4 und 5 berechnet die Auswerteeinrichtung 17 aus dem Soll- Signal 8 und der spektralen Empfindlichkeit des Breitspekt¬ rumsensors 15.2 ein erwartetes Sensorsignal. Dieses erwartete Signal wird mit dem erfassten Signal des Breitspektrumsensors 15.2 verglichen. Eine Abweichung zwischen Soll- und Ist- Signal wird in einem Voter 24 bewertet und der Rückmeldung 5 an das Stellwerk 2 zugeführt. Figur 7 zeigt das Prinzip für die Berechnung des Soll-Signals 8 für den Breitspektrumsensor 15.2. Die Ansteuereinrichtung 7 erzeugt für die Farben rot rt, gelb ge und blau bl PWM- Signale mit unterschiedlich langen Hell- und Dunkelphasen in- nerhalb einer konstanten Periodendauer t. Die Periodendauer t liegt dabei unterhalb der Wahrnehmungsschwelle. Durch zeit¬ lich hoch aufgelöste Abtastung des gemessenen Sensorsignals in Kombination mit synchroner Erfassung des Soll-Signals 8 ist eine ausgefallene oder geschwächte Farbe bzw. LED erkenn- bar. Bei dem Beispiel gemäß Figur 7 müssen sich bei der Überwachung ebenfalls die dargestellten Mischfarben für rot rt, gelb ge und blau bl als Summation der jeweiligen Hellphasen der einzelnen Farben innerhalb der Periodendauer t ergeben. In the embodiment of the monitoring device 4 shown in FIG. 6, a wide-spectrum sensor 15.2 is provided instead of the multicolor sensor 15.1. This generates an output signal, which is fed to a single-channel sensor amplifier 16.2. As with the embodiments of Figures 4 and 5, the evaluation unit 17 calculated from the target signal 8 and the spectral sensitivity of the Breitspekt ¬ 15.2 rumsensors an expected sensor signal. This expected signal is compared with the detected signal of the wide-spectrum sensor 15.2. A deviation between the desired and actual signal is evaluated in a voter 24 and fed to the feedback 5 to the signal box 2. FIG. 7 shows the principle for the calculation of the desired signal 8 for the wide-spectrum sensor 15.2. The control device 7 generates for the colors red rt, yellow and blue blue PWM signals with different lengths of light and dark phases within a constant period t. The period t is below the perception threshold. By time-Lich ¬ resolution scan of the measured sensor signal in combination with synchronous detection of the desired signal 8 is a failed or weakened color LED or recognizable. In the example according to FIG. 7, the mixed colors for red rt, yellow and blue must also result in the monitoring as the summation of the respective bright phases of the individual colors within the period t.

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
1. LED-Lichtsignal, insbesondere LED-Eisenbahnlichtsignal, mit einem Signalgeber (1) zur Erzeugung verschiedenfarbiger Lichtpunkte, wobei die LEDs als Mehrfarb-LEDs , insbesondere RGB-LEDs (10) - Rot ( 11 ) /Gelb ( 12 ) /Blau ( 13 ) -LEDs -, ausgebildet sind, 1. LED light signal, in particular LED railway light signal, with a signal generator (1) for generating different colored light spots, wherein the LEDs as multi-color LEDs, in particular RGB LEDs (10) - red (11) / yellow (12) / blue ( 13) LEDs -, are formed,
d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , dass d a d u r c h e c e n c i n e s that
der Signalgeber (1) mindestens einen optischen Sensor (15, 15.1, 15.2) zur signaltechnisch sicheren Überwachung des Farbortes und der Lichtstärke aufweist. the signal generator (1) has at least one optical sensor (15, 15.1, 15.2) for signal-technically reliable monitoring of the color locus and the light intensity.
2. LED-Lichtsignal nach Anspruch 1, 2. LED light signal according to claim 1,
d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , dass d a d u r c h e c e n c i n e s that
der Sensor (15.1) mehrere farbspezifische Einzelsensoren (19, 20, 21) aufweist. the sensor (15.1) has a plurality of color-specific individual sensors (19, 20, 21).
3. LED-Lichtsignal nach Anspruch 1, 3. LED light signal according to claim 1,
d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , dass d a d u r c h e c e n c i n e s that
der Sensor als Breitspektrumsensor (15.2) ausgebildet ist. the sensor is designed as a broad-spectrum sensor (15.2).
4. LED-Lichtsignal nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , dass 4. LED light signal according to one of the preceding claims, d a d u r c h e c e n e c e s in that e
der Sensor (15, 15.1, 15.2) über einen Sensorverstärker (16, 16.1, 16.2) und einen A/D-Wandler mit einer digitalen Auswerteeinrichtung (17, 17.1) zur Ermittlung des Ist-Farbortes und der Ist-Lichtstärke verbunden ist. the sensor (15, 15.1, 15.2) is connected via a sensor amplifier (16, 16.1, 16.2) and an A / D converter to a digital evaluation device (17, 17.1) for determining the actual color location and the actual light intensity.
5. LED-Lichtsignal nach Anspruch 4, 5. LED light signal according to claim 4,
d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , dass d a d u r c h e c e n c i n e s that
die Auswerteeinrichtung (17, 17.1) ein von Umgebungsbedingungen, insbesondere der Umgebungstemperatur, abhängiges Rückmeldesignal (5) erzeugt und an ein Stellwerk (2) weiterlei¬ tet, wobei stellwerkseitig ein Ansteuersignal (3) zur Beauf- schlagung des Signalgebers (1) erzeugt wird und Mittel zumthe evaluation device (17, 17.1) generates a ambient conditions, particularly the ambient temperature-dependent feedback signal (5) and to a signal box (2) weiterlei ¬ tet, wherein stellwerk side a drive signal (3) for acted upon of the signal generator (1) is generated and means for
Vergleich des Rückmeldesignals (5) mit dem Ansteuersignal (3) vorgesehen sind. Comparison of the feedback signal (5) with the drive signal (3) are provided.
6. LED-Lichtsignal nach Anspruch 5, 6. LED light signal according to claim 5,
d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , dass d a d u r c h e c e n c i n e s that
die Auswerteeinrichtung (17, 17.1) Mittel zum Vergleich des Ist-Farbortes und/oder der Ist-Lichtstärke mit einem Soll- Farbort und/oder einer Soll-Lichtstärke aufweist, wobei Ab- weichungen, die einen Schwellwert überschreiten, eine eigensichere Reaktion auslösen. the evaluation device (17, 17.1) has means for comparing the actual color locus and / or the actual light intensity with a desired color locus and / or a desired luminous intensity, deviations exceeding a threshold triggering an intrinsically safe reaction.
EP11725717.0A 2010-06-29 2011-06-09 Led light signal Not-in-force EP2589264B1 (en)

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HRP20180603TT HRP20180603T1 (en) 2010-06-29 2018-04-16 Led light signal

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DE102010026012A DE102010026012A1 (en) 2010-06-29 2010-06-29 LED light signal
PCT/EP2011/059585 WO2012000762A1 (en) 2010-06-29 2011-06-09 Led light signal

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CA2803968A1 (en) 2012-01-05
DE102010026012A1 (en) 2011-12-29
US20130099933A1 (en) 2013-04-25
CN102960061A (en) 2013-03-06
RU2013103704A (en) 2014-08-10
EP2589264B1 (en) 2018-01-17
US8933814B2 (en) 2015-01-13
RU2578199C2 (en) 2016-03-27
WO2012000762A1 (en) 2012-01-05

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