EP2588223A1 - Spray nozzle for metering substances into a reactive mixture - Google Patents

Spray nozzle for metering substances into a reactive mixture

Info

Publication number
EP2588223A1
EP2588223A1 EP11725108.2A EP11725108A EP2588223A1 EP 2588223 A1 EP2588223 A1 EP 2588223A1 EP 11725108 A EP11725108 A EP 11725108A EP 2588223 A1 EP2588223 A1 EP 2588223A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
mixing chamber
spray nozzle
inlet
air
air supply
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
EP11725108.2A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Ernst Scheidt
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
KraussMaffei Technologies GmbH
Original Assignee
KraussMaffei Technologies GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by KraussMaffei Technologies GmbH filed Critical KraussMaffei Technologies GmbH
Publication of EP2588223A1 publication Critical patent/EP2588223A1/en
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
    • B05B7/14—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas designed for spraying particulate materials
    • B05B7/1481—Spray pistols or apparatus for discharging particulate material
    • B05B7/149—Spray pistols or apparatus for discharging particulate material with separate inlets for a particulate material and a liquid to be sprayed
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B7/00—Mixing; Kneading
    • B29B7/74—Mixing; Kneading using other mixers or combinations of mixers, e.g. of dissimilar mixers ; Plant
    • B29B7/76—Mixers with stream-impingement mixing head
    • B29B7/7605—Mixers with stream-impingement mixing head having additional mixing arrangements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
    • B01F25/20—Jet mixers, i.e. mixers using high-speed fluid streams
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
    • B01F25/20—Jet mixers, i.e. mixers using high-speed fluid streams
    • B01F25/23—Mixing by intersecting jets
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
    • B01F25/70—Spray-mixers, e.g. for mixing intersecting sheets of material
    • B01F25/72—Spray-mixers, e.g. for mixing intersecting sheets of material with nozzles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F33/00—Other mixers; Mixing plants; Combinations of mixers
    • B01F33/40—Mixers using gas or liquid agitation, e.g. with air supply tubes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F33/00—Other mixers; Mixing plants; Combinations of mixers
    • B01F33/40—Mixers using gas or liquid agitation, e.g. with air supply tubes
    • B01F33/404—Mixers using gas or liquid agitation, e.g. with air supply tubes for mixing material moving continuously therethrough, e.g. using impinging jets
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
    • B05B7/14—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas designed for spraying particulate materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B7/00—Mixing; Kneading
    • B29B7/80—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29B7/88—Adding charges, i.e. additives
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C41/00—Shaping by coating a mould, core or other substrate, i.e. by depositing material and stripping-off the shaped article; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C41/34—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C41/36—Feeding the material on to the mould, core or other substrate
    • B29C41/365—Construction of spray-up equipment, e.g. spray-up guns
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2075/00—Use of PU, i.e. polyureas or polyurethanes or derivatives thereof, as moulding material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2105/00—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
    • B29K2105/06—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped containing reinforcements, fillers or inserts
    • B29K2105/16—Fillers
    • B29K2105/165—Hollow fillers, e.g. microballoons or expanded particles

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a spray nozzle according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Further mixing can be achieved by also introducing the additional substance or substances into a mixing chamber into which the individual reactive components are separately metered and mixed with one another.
  • the additional substance or substances such as those that are very sensitive and can not be mixed as a so-called batch component in the reactive mixture, in particular in the mixing chamber of a mixing head.
  • the isocyanate and polyol components - or the other components of a multicomponent system - are sprayed under high pressure into a mixing head and mixed with one another. This pressure - and the resulting development of force - can lead to the destruction of the particle structure and thus to the loss of the later desired property in the case of sensitive substances. This is also true for the glass micro-bubbles already mentioned above, as well as expanded graphite or other sensitive materials.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a spray nozzle, with which even sensitive materials can be introduced into a reactive mixture, wherein the entire mixture should then be verdüsbar.
  • the reactive mixture is first prepared in a (conventional) mixing head and fed to the - preferably separate or provided at the end of the mixing head - spray nozzle via a connection.
  • the port has an inlet connected to another mixing chamber.
  • this mixing chamber is introduced via a separate supply of zuzudosierende, sensitive material and mixed together homogeneously in the mixing chamber under less high pressure.
  • air is subsequently introduced via an air supply and air supply openings into the mixing chamber, with which the previously prepared mixture of the reactive mixture and the substance to be metered is sprayed.
  • the air supply openings are preferably viewed circumferentially distributed around the mixing chamber at the flow end of the mixing chamber.
  • the air supply has an annular space in the housing of the spray nozzle, which is connected to the plurality of circumferentially arranged around the end of the mixing chamber air supply openings, so that a uniform introduction of the air over the circumference is possible.
  • the air ducts and / or the air supply openings are formed such that a swirl can be generated, whereby a fanned out in a defined manner beam can be generated.
  • the air supply is not absolutely necessary. If the mixture is simply introduced into a tool mold, the air supply can also be dispensed with.
  • a Venturi nozzle is formed at the outlet end of the (material) inlet, which is connected to the same or a further air inlet.
  • an air collecting space for example annular space
  • air flows at high speed for example, through the annular gap between the nozzle housing and a lance forming the (material) inlet into the mixing chamber.
  • the gap size may for example be between 0.1 and 0.5 mm.
  • the substance to be metered can be mixed gently into the reactive mixture within the mixing chamber, the injection nozzle in its mouth region in terms of flow on an orientation, which preferably extends at an acute angle to the flow direction of the mixing chamber. In this way, the material flows are mixed with each other without much pressure and force on the particles.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic sectional view of an inventive
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view of the spray nozzle of FIG. 1.
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic sectional view of an inventive
  • Fig. 4 is an enlarged detail sectional view of the marked in Fig. 3 with circle area.
  • the first embodiment of the spray nozzle 10 for the metering of sensitive substances in a reactive mixture comprises a housing 12 in which an upper opening with a port 14 is provided which can be connected to a mixing head, not shown.
  • the connection 14 has an inlet channel 16, which opens into a mixing chamber 30 of the housing 12.
  • this mixing chamber 30 open two channels 20 of two material supply devices 18, via which the substances to be metered into the mixing chamber 30 can be supplied by means of appropriate lines and feeders. It should be noted that this mixing chamber 30 is different from the mixing chamber of a mixing head, in the latter, the reactive components are mixed together. In this respect, the mixing chamber 30 of the spray nozzle is already supplied to a reactive mixture.
  • the channels 20 open present at the upper end of the mixing chamber 30 at an acute angle in this, so that the sensitive substances can be metered without much pressure and force in the reactive material mixture within the mixing chamber 30. It is also helpful that the mixing chamber has a larger diameter than the inlet channel 16.
  • each air supply opening 26 is in fluid communication with the annulus 24 via air supply channels.
  • the formal design of the air supply openings 26 and the orientation of the air supply channels to the air supply openings 26, a swirling action of the total mixture can be generated, which leads to a fanned out in the desired spray.
  • the core component of the presently described spray nozzle is an insert 32 which can be inserted into the housing 12 and, in particular, can be screwed in, with which the mixing chamber 30, the air supply as well as the air injection can be realized.
  • the resulting total mixture of the reactive mixture and the substance to be metered is sprayed out via a discharge opening 28 and applied to the surface of a body to be coated.
  • FIGS. 3 and 4 show a second embodiment of a spray nozzle 10 'according to the invention.
  • This spray nozzle 10 ' is true to a few details with that spray nozzle 10 of FIGS. 1 and 2, which is also expressed by the fact that with the matching in Figs. 1 and 2 reference numerals of Figs. 3 and 4 are the same or designate similar construction elements.
  • a Venturi nozzle 38 which is in fluid communication with the annular space 36, is formed by a corresponding tapering of the lance (see FIG.
  • air introduced via the inlet 34 flows at high speed through the annular gap 36 between the nozzle housing 12 and the lance forming the reactive mixture inlet into the mixing chamber 30.
  • Suction at the ends of the solids inflow nozzles (inflow passage 20) generates the Venturi effect and sucked in the filler. This causes a uniform promotion of the substance to be mixed into the reactive material mixture.
  • the gap shown in the figures can be, for example, between 0.1 and 0.5 mm.
  • discharge opening 28 is different from that at the spray nozzle 10.
  • a pressure-sensitive substance can also be mixed into a reactive mixture and sprayed with it.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Nozzles (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a spray nozzle for metering substances into a reactive mixture, comprising a housing (12), a port (14) on the housing (12) having an inlet (16) for the reactive mixture, wherein the port (14) can be connected to a mixing head and the inlet leads to a mixing chamber (30), and a material outlet opening (28) at the downstream end of the mixing chamber (30). In order to meter in pressure-sensitive substances, according to the invention at least one feed (18) for the substance to be metered in is provided, which has a duct (20) that is connected to the mixing chamber (30) via at least one inlet opening, and at least one air feed (22) is provided, which opens into the mixing chamber (30) downstream of the inlet opening via at least one air feed opening (26).

Description

Beschreibung Titel  Description title
Sprühdüse zur Zudosierung von Stoffen in ein Reaktivgemisch  Spray nozzle for metering substances into a reactive mixture
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine Sprühdüse gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 . The present invention relates to a spray nozzle according to the preamble of claim 1.
Allgemein ist es bekannt, zu Reaktivgemischen, bestehend beispielsweise aus einem Polyurethangemisch, also aus Isocyanat- und Polyol-Elementen oder aus einem anderen Mehrkomponentensystem, weitere Stoffe, wie Füllstoffe, Verstärkungsstoffe, Additive etc. (nachfolgend als zusätzlicher Stoff bezeichnet) beizumischen. It is generally known to admix reactive compounds, for example consisting of a polyurethane mixture, ie from isocyanate and polyol elements or from another multicomponent system, other substances, such as fillers, reinforcing agents, additives, etc. (hereinafter referred to as additional substance).
Dazu kann man die Feststoffe außerhalb eines Mischkopfes in einen Sprühstrahl einmischen. Diesbezüglich wird beispielhaft auf die EP 1 458 494 B1 hingewiesen. Zur Verarbeitung von Füllstoffen mit einer extrem niedrigen Dichte (z.B. von sogenannten Mikro-Glasbubbels mit nur wenigen μιτι Durchmesser und einer Dichte von 0,2) ist dieses Verfahren jedoch ungeeignet, da solche Stoffe zum größten Teil beim Austritt aus dem Zudosierbaustein von der Umgebungsluft Verblasen und nur teilweise von der Flüssigkeit aufgenommen werden. For this one can mix in the solids outside of a mixing head in a spray. In this regard, reference is made by way of example to EP 1 458 494 B1. However, this method is unsuitable for processing fillers having an extremely low density (eg of so-called micro glass beakers with only a few μm diameter and a density of 0.2), since such substances are mostly blown from the ambient air when they exit the metering module and only partially absorbed by the liquid.
Eine weitere Einmischung kann dadurch erreicht werden, dass in eine Mischkammer, in die die einzelnen reaktiven Komponenten separat eindosiert und miteinander vermischt werden, auch der zusätzliche Stoff oder die zusätzlichen Stoffe eingegeben wird. Allerdings gibt es einige Materialien, beispielsweise solche, die sehr empfindlich sind und sich nicht als sogenannte Batchkomponente in das Reaktivgemisch, insbesondere in die Mischkammer eines Mischkopfes, einmischen lassen. In einen Misch köpf werden nämlich oftmals die Isocyanat- und Polyolkomponenten - oder die anderen Komponenten eines Mehrkomponentensystems - unter hohem Druck verdüst und miteinander vermischt. Dieser Druck - und die dabei entstehende Kraftentfaltung - kann bei empfindlichen Stoffen zur Zerstörung der Partikelstruktur und damit zum Verlust der später gewünschten Eigenschaft führen. Dies trifft auch auf die oben bereits erwähnten Micro-Bubbles aus Glas zu, ebenso wie auf Blähgraphit oder andere empfindliche Materialien. Further mixing can be achieved by also introducing the additional substance or substances into a mixing chamber into which the individual reactive components are separately metered and mixed with one another. However, there are some materials, such as those that are very sensitive and can not be mixed as a so-called batch component in the reactive mixture, in particular in the mixing chamber of a mixing head. In fact, often the isocyanate and polyol components - or the other components of a multicomponent system - are sprayed under high pressure into a mixing head and mixed with one another. This pressure - and the resulting development of force - can lead to the destruction of the particle structure and thus to the loss of the later desired property in the case of sensitive substances. This is also true for the glass micro-bubbles already mentioned above, as well as expanded graphite or other sensitive materials.
Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es, eine Sprühdüse anzugeben, mit der auch empfindliche Materialien in ein Reaktivgemisch eingebracht werden können, wobei die gesamte Mischung anschließend verdüsbar sein soll. The object of the present invention is to provide a spray nozzle, with which even sensitive materials can be introduced into a reactive mixture, wherein the entire mixture should then be verdüsbar.
Diese Aufgabe wird durch die im Anspruch 1 angegebenen Merkmale gelöst. This object is achieved by the features specified in claim 1.
Demgemäß wird in einem (üblichen) Mischkopf zunächst das Reaktivgemisch hergestellt und dieses der - vorzugsweise separaten oder am Ende des Mischkopfes vorgesehenen - Sprühdüse über einen Anschluss zugeführt. Der Anschluss weist einen Einlass auf, der mit einer weiteren Mischkammer verbunden ist. In diese Mischkammer wird über eine separate Zufuhr der zuzudosierende, empfindliche Stoff eingebracht und in der Mischkammer unter weniger hohem Druck miteinander homogen vermischt. Accordingly, the reactive mixture is first prepared in a (conventional) mixing head and fed to the - preferably separate or provided at the end of the mixing head - spray nozzle via a connection. The port has an inlet connected to another mixing chamber. In this mixing chamber is introduced via a separate supply of zuzudosierende, sensitive material and mixed together homogeneously in the mixing chamber under less high pressure.
Weiter wird nachfolgend Luft über eine Luftzufuhr und Luftzufuhröffnungen in die Mischkammer eingeführt, mit der das vorher hergestellte Gemisch aus dem Reaktivgemisch und dem zuzudosierenden Stoff verdüst wird. Dazu sind die Luftzufuhröffnungen vorzugsweise am strömungsmäßigen Ende der Mischkammer umfangsmäßig um die Mischkammer verteilt angesehen. Gemäß einer vorzugsweisen Ausführungsform weist die Luftzufuhr einen Ringraum im Gehäuse der Sprühdüse auf, die mit der Vielzahl von umfangsmäßig um das Ende der Mischkammer angeordneten Luftzufuhröffnungen verbunden ist, so dass eine gleichmäßige Einbringung der Luft über den Umfang hinweg möglich ist. Weiter ist es von Vorteil, wenn die Luftführungskanäle und/oder die Luftzufuhröffnungen derart ausgebildet sind, dass ein Drall erzeugbar ist, wodurch ein in definierter Weise aufgefächerter Strahl erzeugt werden kann. Die Luftzufuhr ist aber nicht unbedingt notwendig. Sollte das Gemisch einfach in eine Werkzeugform eingebracht werden, kann auf die Luftzufuhr auch verzichtet werden. Further, air is subsequently introduced via an air supply and air supply openings into the mixing chamber, with which the previously prepared mixture of the reactive mixture and the substance to be metered is sprayed. For this purpose, the air supply openings are preferably viewed circumferentially distributed around the mixing chamber at the flow end of the mixing chamber. According to a preferred embodiment, the air supply has an annular space in the housing of the spray nozzle, which is connected to the plurality of circumferentially arranged around the end of the mixing chamber air supply openings, so that a uniform introduction of the air over the circumference is possible. Further, it is advantageous if the air ducts and / or the air supply openings are formed such that a swirl can be generated, whereby a fanned out in a defined manner beam can be generated. The air supply is not absolutely necessary. If the mixture is simply introduced into a tool mold, the air supply can also be dispensed with.
Zudem kann zusätzlich der Ventu -Effekt ausgenutzt werden. Dazu wird ist am auslassseitigen Ende des (Material-) Einlasses eine Venturidüse ausgebildet, die mit dem gleichen oder einem weiteren Lufteinlass verbunden ist. Zwischen Venturidüse und Lufteinlass kann im Bereich des (Material-) Einlasses, insbesondere diesen ringförmig umgebend, ein Luftsammeiraum (z.B. Ringraum) angeordnet werden, über den die zusätzlich zugeführte Luft in die Venturidüse verteilt wird. Mit dieser vorzugsweisen Ausbildung strömt Luft mit hoher Geschwindigkeit beispielsweise über den Ringspalt zwischen Düsengehäuse und eine den (Material-) Einlass bildende Lanze in die Mischkammer. Dabei wird ein Sog an den Einströmdüsen des Feststoffes durch den Ventuh-Effekt erzeugt und der Füllstoff gleichsam angesaugt. Dies bewirkt eine gleichmäßige Förderung des in das reaktive Materialgemisch einzumischenden Stoffes. Das Spaltmaß kann beispielsweise zwischen 0,1 und 0,5 mm liegen. In addition, the Ventu effect can also be exploited. For this purpose, a Venturi nozzle is formed at the outlet end of the (material) inlet, which is connected to the same or a further air inlet. Between the Venturi nozzle and the air inlet, in the region of the (material) inlet, in particular surrounding it in an annular manner, an air collecting space (for example annular space) can be arranged, via which the additionally supplied air is distributed into the Venturi nozzle. With this preferred embodiment, air flows at high speed, for example, through the annular gap between the nozzle housing and a lance forming the (material) inlet into the mixing chamber. In this case, a suction is generated at the inlet nozzles of the solid by the Ventuh effect and sucked the filler as it were. This causes a uniform promotion of the substance to be mixed into the reactive material mixture. The gap size may for example be between 0.1 and 0.5 mm.
Damit der zuzudosierende Stoff schonend in das Reaktivgemisch innerhalb der Mischkammer eingemischt werden kann, weist die Einspritzdüse in ihrem Mündungsbereich strömungsmäßig eine Ausrichtung auf, die vorzugsweise in einem spitzen Winkel zu der Strömungsrichtung der Mischkammer verläuft. Auf diese Weise werden die Materialströmungen ohne große Druck- und Krafteinwirkung auf die Teilchen miteinander vermischt. Thus, the substance to be metered can be mixed gently into the reactive mixture within the mixing chamber, the injection nozzle in its mouth region in terms of flow on an orientation, which preferably extends at an acute angle to the flow direction of the mixing chamber. In this way, the material flows are mixed with each other without much pressure and force on the particles.
Insgesamt kann mit der vorliegenden Erfindung erreicht werden, dass auch empfindliche Füllstoffe (z.B. bruchempfindliche Füllstoffe) bereits innerhalb der Düse in das reaktive Materialgemisch eingebracht werden können, um eine Freiwerden nach Außen möglichst zu vermeiden und die einzubringenden Stoffe möglichst vollständig in das reaktive Materialgemisch einzubinden. Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend anhand eines einzigen Ausführungsbeispiels und mit Bezug auf die beiliegenden Zeichnungen näher erläutert. Die Zeichnungen zeigen in Overall, it can be achieved with the present invention that even sensitive fillers (eg fracture-sensitive fillers) can already be introduced into the reactive material mixture within the nozzle in order to avoid any possible release to the outside and to integrate the substances to be introduced as completely as possible into the reactive material mixture. The invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to a single embodiment and with reference to the accompanying drawings. The drawings show in
Fig. 1 eine schematische Schnittdarstellung einer erfindungsgemäßen Fig. 1 is a schematic sectional view of an inventive
Sprühdüse gemäß einer ersten Ausführungsform,  Spray nozzle according to a first embodiment,
Fig. 2 eine schematische Perspektivansicht der Sprühdüse aus Fig. 1 FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view of the spray nozzle of FIG. 1. FIG
Fig. 3 eine schematische Schnittdarstellung einer erfindungsgemäßen Fig. 3 is a schematic sectional view of an inventive
Sprühdüse gemäß einer zweiten Ausführungsform und  Spray nozzle according to a second embodiment and
Fig. 4 eine vergrößerte Detailschnittdarstellung des in Fig. 3 mit Kreis gekennzeichneten Bereiches. Fig. 4 is an enlarged detail sectional view of the marked in Fig. 3 with circle area.
Die in den Fig. 1 und 2 dargestellte erste Ausführungsform der Sprühdüse 10 für die Zudosierung von empfindlichen Stoffen in ein Reaktivgemisch umfasst ein Gehäuse 12, in welchem mit einer oberen Öffnung ein Anschluss 14 vorgesehen ist, der mit einem nicht dargestellten Mischkopf verbunden werden kann. Der Anschluss 14 weist einen Einlasskanal 16 auf, der in eine Mischkammer 30 des Gehäuses 12 mündet. The illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2, the first embodiment of the spray nozzle 10 for the metering of sensitive substances in a reactive mixture comprises a housing 12 in which an upper opening with a port 14 is provided which can be connected to a mixing head, not shown. The connection 14 has an inlet channel 16, which opens into a mixing chamber 30 of the housing 12.
In diese Mischkammer 30 münden auch zwei Kanäle 20 von zwei Materialzufuhrvorrichtungen 18, über die mittels entsprechender Leitungen und Zufuhrvorrichtungen die zuzudosierenden Stoffe der Mischkammer 30 zugeführt werden können. Dabei ist darauf hinzuweisen, dass diese Mischkammer 30 von der Mischkammer eines Mischkopfes verschieden ist, wobei in letzterer die Reaktivkomponenten miteinander vermischt werden. Insofern wird der Mischkammer 30 der Sprühdüse bereits ein Reaktivgemisch zugeführt. In this mixing chamber 30 open two channels 20 of two material supply devices 18, via which the substances to be metered into the mixing chamber 30 can be supplied by means of appropriate lines and feeders. It should be noted that this mixing chamber 30 is different from the mixing chamber of a mixing head, in the latter, the reactive components are mixed together. In this respect, the mixing chamber 30 of the spray nozzle is already supplied to a reactive mixture.
Als zuzudosierende Stoffe sind beispielsweise empfindliche Teilchen, wie Micro- Bubbles aus Glas oder Blähgraphit vorgesehen. Die Kanäle 20 münden vorliegend am oberen Ende der Misch kammer 30 in einem spitzen Winkel in diese, so dass die empfindlichen Stoffe ohne große Druck- und Kraftbeaufschlagung in das Reaktivmaterialgemisch innerhalb der Mischkammer 30 eindosiert werden können. Dazu ist auch hilfreich, dass die Mischkammer einen größeren Durchmesser als der Einlasskanal 16 aufweist. As substances to be metered in, for example, sensitive particles, such as micro bubbles of glass or expandable graphite, are provided. The channels 20 open present at the upper end of the mixing chamber 30 at an acute angle in this, so that the sensitive substances can be metered without much pressure and force in the reactive material mixture within the mixing chamber 30. It is also helpful that the mixing chamber has a larger diameter than the inlet channel 16.
Über zwei Luftzufuhreinlässe 22 (vgl. Fig. 2), die mit einem Ringraum 24 innerhalb des Gehäuses 12 in Verbindung stehen, wird Luft über eine Vielzahl von umfangsmäßig um ein strömungsmäßiges Ende der Mischkammer 30 angeordnete Luftzufuhröffnungen 26 in die Mischkammer eingedüst, wobei jede Luftzufuhröffnung 26 mit dem Ringraum 24 über Luftzufuhrkanäle in Strömungsverbindung steht. Durch die förmliche Ausgestaltung der Luftzufuhröffnungen 26 sowie die Ausrichtung der Luftzufuhrkanäle zu den Luftzufuhröffnungen 26 kann eine Drallwirkung des Gesamtgemisches erzeugt werden, der zu einem in gewünschter Weise aufgefächerten Sprühstrahl führt. Through two air supply inlets 22 (see Fig. 2) communicating with an annular space 24 within the housing 12, air is injected into the mixing chamber via a plurality of air supply openings 26 circumferentially disposed about a flow end of the mixing chamber 30, each air supply opening 26 is in fluid communication with the annulus 24 via air supply channels. The formal design of the air supply openings 26 and the orientation of the air supply channels to the air supply openings 26, a swirling action of the total mixture can be generated, which leads to a fanned out in the desired spray.
Der Kernbestandteil der vorliegend beschriebenen Sprühdüse ist dabei ein in das Gehäuse 12 einsetzbarer, insbesondere einschraubbarer Einsatz 32, mit dem die Mischkammer 30, die Luftzufuhr wie auch die Lufteindüsung realisiert werden kann. The core component of the presently described spray nozzle is an insert 32 which can be inserted into the housing 12 and, in particular, can be screwed in, with which the mixing chamber 30, the air supply as well as the air injection can be realized.
Das so hergestellte Gesamtgemisch aus dem Reaktivgemisch und dem zuzudosierenden Stoff wird über eine Austragsoffnung 28 ausgesprüht und auf die Oberfläche eines zu beschichtenden Körpers aufgetragen. The resulting total mixture of the reactive mixture and the substance to be metered is sprayed out via a discharge opening 28 and applied to the surface of a body to be coated.
In den Fig. 3 und 4 ist eine zweite Ausführungsform einer erfindungsgemäßen Sprühdüse 10' dargestellt. Diese Sprühdüse 10' stimmt bis auf wenige Details mit derjenigen Sprühdüse 10 aus den Fig. 1 und 2 überein, was auch dadurch zum Ausdruck gebracht wird, dass die mit den in den Fig. 1 und 2 übereinstimmenden Bezugszeichen der Fig. 3 und 4 gleiche oder ähnliche Konstruktionselemente bezeichnen. Die Konstruktion der Sprühdüse 10' unterscheidet sich insbesondere dadurch von derjenigen der Sprühdüse 10, dass eine weitere Luftzufuhr 34 im Gehäuse 12 angeordnet ist, die in einem Ringraum 36 endet, welcher um den in Form einer Lanze ausgebildeten Einlass 16 angeordnet ist. Am Ende dieses Einlasses für 16 das reaktive Materialgemisch ist durch eine entsprechende Verjüngung der Lanze (vgl. Fig. 4) eine Venturidüse 38 ausgebildet, die mit dem Ringraum 36 in Strömungsverbindung steht. FIGS. 3 and 4 show a second embodiment of a spray nozzle 10 'according to the invention. This spray nozzle 10 'is true to a few details with that spray nozzle 10 of FIGS. 1 and 2, which is also expressed by the fact that with the matching in Figs. 1 and 2 reference numerals of Figs. 3 and 4 are the same or designate similar construction elements. The construction of the spray nozzle 10 'differs in particular from that of the spray nozzle 10 in that a further air supply 34 is arranged in the housing 12, which ends in an annular space 36 which is arranged around the formed in the form of a lance inlet 16. At the end of this inlet for the reactive material mixture, a Venturi nozzle 38, which is in fluid communication with the annular space 36, is formed by a corresponding tapering of the lance (see FIG.
Bei dieser Ausbildung strömt über den Einlass 34 eingebrachte Luft mit hoher Geschwindigkeit über den Ringspalt 36 zwischen Düsengehäuse 12 und die den Einlass für das Reaktivgemisch bildende Lanze in die Mischkammer 30. Dabei wird ein Sog an den Enden der Einströmdüsen des Feststoffes (Einströmkanal 20) durch den Venturi-Effekt erzeugt und der Füllstoff angesaugt. Dies bewirkt eine gleichmäßige Förderung des in das reaktive Materialgemisch einzumischenden Stoffes. Das in den Figuren dargestellte Spaltmaß kann beispielsweise zwischen 0,1 und 0,5 mm liegen. In this embodiment, air introduced via the inlet 34 flows at high speed through the annular gap 36 between the nozzle housing 12 and the lance forming the reactive mixture inlet into the mixing chamber 30. Suction at the ends of the solids inflow nozzles (inflow passage 20) generates the Venturi effect and sucked in the filler. This causes a uniform promotion of the substance to be mixed into the reactive material mixture. The gap shown in the figures can be, for example, between 0.1 and 0.5 mm.
Überdies ist bei der Sprühdüse 10' das auslassseitige Ende (Austragsöffnung 28) unterschiedlich zu derjenigen bei der Sprühdüse 10 ausgebildet. Moreover, in the spray nozzle 10 ', the discharge-side end (discharge opening 28) is different from that at the spray nozzle 10.
Mit der vorliegenden Sprühdüse lässt sich auch ein druckempfindlicher Stoff in ein Reaktivgemisch einmischen und mit diesem verdüsen. With the present spray nozzle, a pressure-sensitive substance can also be mixed into a reactive mixture and sprayed with it.
Bezugszeichenliste LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS
Sprühdüse spray nozzle
Gehäuse  casing
Mischkopfanschluss  Mixing head Connection
Einströmkanal für reaktives Gemisch (in Lanze ausgebildet) Inflow channel for reactive mixture (formed in lance)
Feststoff-Einströmdüse Solids inlet cone
Einströmkanal  inflow
Luft-Einströmdüse  Air Inlet
Ringkanal  annular channel
Eintrittsöffnungen für Sprühluft  Inlets for spray air
Austragssöffnung  Austragssöffnung
Misch kam mer  Mix came
Einsatz  commitment
Zusätzlicher Luftanschluss  Additional air connection
Ringraum um Einströmkanal bzw. Lanze  Annular space around inlet channel or lance
Ventun-Düse  Venturi nozzle

Claims

Ansprüche claims
1 . Sprühdüse zur Zudosierung von Stoffen in ein Reaktivgemisch umfassend 1 . Spray nozzle for metering substances into a reactive mixture comprising
- ein Gehäuse (12),  a housing (12),
- einen Anschluss (14) am Gehäuse (12) mit einem Einlass (16) für das Reaktivgemisch, wobei der Anschluss (14) einerseits mit einem Mischkopf verbindbar ist und andererseits zu einer Mischkammer (30) führt,  a connection (14) on the housing (12) with an inlet (16) for the reactive mixture, the connection (14) on the one hand being connectable to a mixing head and on the other hand leading to a mixing chamber (30),
- eine Materialaustrittsöffnung (28) am strömungsmäßigen Ende der Mischkammer (30),  a material outlet opening (28) at the flow end of the mixing chamber (30),
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass  characterized in that
zumindest eine Zufuhreinrichtung (18) für einen zuzudosierenden Stoff in dem Gehäuse (12) vorgesehen ist, der einen Kanal (20) aufweist, welcher über zumindest eine Einlassöffnung mit der Mischkammer (30) verbunden ist, und zumindest eine Luftzufuhr (22) vorgesehen ist, die strömungsmäßig nach der Ein- lassöffnung über zumindest eine Luftzufuhröffnung (26) in die Mischkammer (30) mündet.  at least one feed means (18) for a substance to be metered is provided in the housing (12), which has a channel (20) which is connected to the mixing chamber (30) via at least one inlet opening and at least one air feed (22) is provided , which flows into the mixing chamber (30) after the inlet opening via at least one air supply opening (26).
2. Sprühdüse nach Anspruch 1 , 2. Spray nozzle according to claim 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,  characterized,
dass an dem vorderen Ende des Einlasses (16) eine Venturidüse (38) vorgesehen ist, die mit dem Lufteinlass oder einem weiteren Lufteinlass verbunden ist.  in that at the front end of the inlet (16) there is provided a Venturi nozzle (38) which is connected to the air inlet or to another air inlet.
3. Sprühdüse nach Anspruch 1 , 3. Spray nozzle according to claim 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,  characterized,
dass zwischen Venturidüse (38) und Lufteinlass ein um den Einlass (16) angeordneter Sammelraum, insbesondere Ringraum (36), vorgesehen ist.  in that a collecting space, in particular annular space (36), arranged around the inlet (16) is provided between Venturi nozzle (38) and air inlet.
4. Sprühdüse nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, 4. Spray nozzle according to one of claims 1 to 3,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,  characterized,
dass zumindest zwei Zufuhreinrichtungen (18) für einen zuzudosierenden Stoff vorgesehen sind.  in that at least two supply means (18) are provided for a substance to be metered.
5. Sprühdüse nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, 5. Spray nozzle according to one of claims 1 to 4,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Luftzufuhr (22) einen Ringraum (24) umfasst, der mit einem Luftführungskanal mit der Mischkammer verbunden ist. characterized, in that the air supply (22) comprises an annular space (24) which is connected to the mixing chamber with an air duct.
6. Sprühdose nach Anspruch 5, 6. aerosol according to claim 5,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,  characterized,
dass eine Vielzahl von umfangsmäßig um das Ende der Mischkammer angeordnete Luftzufuhroffnungen vorgesehen sind, die mit dem Ringraum verbunden sind.  a plurality of air supply openings arranged circumferentially around the end of the mixing chamber are provided, which are connected to the annular space.
7. Sprühdüse nach Anspruch 6, 7. Spray nozzle according to claim 6,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,  characterized,
dass die Luftführungskanäle und/oder die Luftzufuhroffnungen derart ausgebildet sind, dass am Ausgang der Mischkammer ein Drall erzeugbar ist.  the air ducts and / or the air supply openings are designed such that a swirl can be generated at the outlet of the mixing chamber.
8. Sprühdüse nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, 8. Spray nozzle according to one of the preceding claims,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,  characterized,
dass im Mündungsbereich der Einspritzdüsen deren Achse zur Strömungsrichtung in der Mischkammer einen Winkel, insbesondere einen spitzen Winkel, aufweist.  that in the mouth region of the injection nozzles whose axis to the flow direction in the mixing chamber has an angle, in particular an acute angle.
EP11725108.2A 2010-06-29 2011-06-16 Spray nozzle for metering substances into a reactive mixture Ceased EP2588223A1 (en)

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DE102010025501A DE102010025501A1 (en) 2010-06-29 2010-06-29 Spray nozzle for metering substances into a reactive mixture
PCT/EP2011/060006 WO2012000797A1 (en) 2010-06-29 2011-06-16 Spray nozzle for metering substances into a reactive mixture

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CN102958590A (en) 2013-03-06
KR20130087393A (en) 2013-08-06
WO2012000797A1 (en) 2012-01-05

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