EP2580529A2 - Device for preparing hot water by recovering heat from waste water - Google Patents

Device for preparing hot water by recovering heat from waste water

Info

Publication number
EP2580529A2
EP2580529A2 EP11721528.5A EP11721528A EP2580529A2 EP 2580529 A2 EP2580529 A2 EP 2580529A2 EP 11721528 A EP11721528 A EP 11721528A EP 2580529 A2 EP2580529 A2 EP 2580529A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
heat
hot water
compressor
water tank
heat pump
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP11721528.5A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Stefan Holzer
Evgeni Rehfuss
Andreas Renner
Markus Spielmannleitner
Gerhard Wetzl
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
BSH Hausgeraete GmbH
Original Assignee
BSH Bosch und Siemens Hausgeraete GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by BSH Bosch und Siemens Hausgeraete GmbH filed Critical BSH Bosch und Siemens Hausgeraete GmbH
Publication of EP2580529A2 publication Critical patent/EP2580529A2/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H4/00—Fluid heaters characterised by the use of heat pumps
    • F24H4/02—Water heaters
    • F24H4/04—Storage heaters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D17/00—Domestic hot-water supply systems
    • F24D17/0005—Domestic hot-water supply systems using recuperation of waste heat
    • F24D17/001—Domestic hot-water supply systems using recuperation of waste heat with accumulation of heated water
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D17/00—Domestic hot-water supply systems
    • F24D17/02—Domestic hot-water supply systems using heat pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D15/00—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies
    • F28D15/02—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies in which the medium condenses and evaporates, e.g. heat pipes
    • F28D15/04—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies in which the medium condenses and evaporates, e.g. heat pipes with tubes having a capillary structure
    • F28D15/043—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies in which the medium condenses and evaporates, e.g. heat pipes with tubes having a capillary structure forming loops, e.g. capillary pumped loops
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D2220/00—Components of central heating installations excluding heat sources
    • F24D2220/07—Heat pipes
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
    • Y02B30/12—Hot water central heating systems using heat pumps
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
    • Y02B30/18—Domestic hot-water supply systems using recuperated or waste heat
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
    • Y02B30/52—Heat recovery pumps, i.e. heat pump based systems or units able to transfer the thermal energy from one area of the premises or part of the facilities to a different one, improving the overall efficiency

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for hot water by wastewater heat recovery by means of a compressor and an evaporator having heat pump, in particular by means of a small heat pump for household applications, with a hot water tank, which is fed by the evaporator of the heat pump with heat energy.
  • the recovery of waste heat is usually realized in known from the practice devices by wet steam cycle.
  • the compressor used in this heats up during operation usually to temperatures in the range between about 70 ° C and 90 ° C, which are thus usually much higher than the maximum of 60 degrees lying temperature of the hot water tank. Due to this elevated temperature, the compressor releases significant heat to the environment, which can easily be more than 50 watts. This compressor heat is lost so that the small heat pump does not achieve sufficiently high efficiency for economical operation.
  • the hot water tank is in thermal communication with the compressor of the heat pump via at least one heat pipe, wherein the hot water tank is disposed above the compressor and wherein the at least one heat pipe to a discharge of waste heat during operation of the compressor to the hot water tank is used.
  • the invention further proposes that the heat pipe is connected in good thermal contact by means of a unilaterally or bilaterally unsolvable connection by gluing, welding or soldering to the hot water tank or the compressor.
  • the heat pipe is connected in good thermal contact by means of a unilaterally or bilaterally releasable connection via fixed to the hot water tank or the compressor connected clamping pieces or similar connection means.
  • the heat pipes consist of at least partially elastically formed tubes. This initially allows a largely free choice of positions of hot water tank and compressor, only assuming that the compressor is located lower than the hot water tank. Due to the elastic design of the pipes of the heat pipes, the vibrations occurring during operation of the compressor can be absorbed more easily, so that they are not transmitted to the memory. This allows for a total quieter operation of the device.
  • the compressor, the heat pipes and the hot water tank are surrounded by a common insulation.
  • the insulation is provided with a coating reflecting infrared radiation, so that no radiant heat can be lost through the insulation.
  • a material for the coating is particularly suitable for aluminum.
  • the compressor has a shiny metallic, low-radiation surface.
  • This surface is expediently made of corrosion-resistant material such as aluminum or chromium.
  • the only schematically reproduced in the drawing device is used for hot water, wherein by means of a heat pump, a heat recovery from the resulting preferably in household wastewater.
  • This heat pump consists in a conventional manner of a compressor 1 and a not shown in detail evaporator, further from a likewise not shown in the drawing capacitor and a throttle.
  • Such trained in the form of a small heat pump devices are particularly suitable for household applications.
  • a hot water tank 2 is provided, which is fed by the evaporator of the heat pump with heat energy.
  • the hot water tank 2 is set up with in the drawing also only indicated connections 3 for the water on the one hand and the refrigeration circuit on the other hand, the terminals 3 in the drawing for clarity are not connected in detail.
  • the hot water tank 2 is connected to the compressor 1 of the heat pump via two so-called. Heatpipes 4 in thermal communication, wherein the arrangement is selected so that the hot water tank 2 is disposed above the compressor 1.
  • These heatpipes 4 or heat pipes are filled with a slightly evaporating liquid, which collects in the lower area. If this lower area is heated, here by the compressor 1, the liquid evaporates and the steam is distributed throughout the pipe, this steam condenses again in the colder upper area and there releases the heat of condensation.
  • the two heat pipes 4 are in good thermal contact with the hot water tank 2 and the compressor 1, wherein this thermal contact either in a non-detachable connection by gluing, welding or soldering can be made or in a detachable connection, said are then provided on the hot water tank 2 and the compressor 1 firmly connected clamping pieces 5 or comparable connection means that receive the end of the heat pipes 4 in itself.
  • the heat pipes 4 can consist of at least partially elastically formed tubes in the drawing, not shown in detail, whereby on the one hand a simpler installation and a largely free choice of position of hot water tank 2 to the compressor 1 is possible.
  • the elastic tubes can intercept the vibrations of the compressor 1 that occur during operation, so that they are not transmitted to the memory, whereby an overall quieter operation is possible.
  • the compressor 1, the heat pipes 4 and the hot water tank 2 will usually be provided against heat loss with insulation, this insulation can be designed so that the compressor 1, the heat pipes 4 and the hot water tank 2 together from her are enclosed.
  • this insulation can be provided with an infrared radiation reflecting coating. Aluminum is particularly suitable for this coating.
  • this should not - as usual - be painted black, but have a shiny metallic, low-radiation surface.
  • corrosion-resistant material such as aluminum or chromium.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Heat-Pump Type And Storage Water Heaters (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a device for preparing hot water by recovering heat from waste water, said device operating by means of a heat pump which comprises a compressor (1) and an evaporator, in particular by means of a small heat pump for domestic applications. The device is provided with a hot water reservoir (2) which is fed with thermal energy by the heat pump evaporator. The hot water reservoir (2) is thermally connected to the heat pump compressor (1) via at least one heat pipe (4), the hot water reservoir (2) being disposed above the compressor (1) and the at least one heat pipe (4) being used to dissipate to the hot water reservoir (2) waste heat produced when the compressor (1) is in operation.

Description

Vorrichtung zur Warmwasserbereitung durch  Device for hot water preparation by
Abwasserwärmerückgewinnung  Waste water heat recovery
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung zur Warmwasserbereitung durch Abwasserwärmerückgewinnung mittels einer einen Kompressor sowie einen Verdampfer aufweisenden Wärmepumpe, insbesondere mittels einer Klein-Wärmepumpe für Haushaltsanwendungen, mit einem Warmwasserspeicher, der durch den Verdampfer der Wärmepumpe mit Wärmeenergie gespeist wird. The invention relates to a device for hot water by wastewater heat recovery by means of a compressor and an evaporator having heat pump, in particular by means of a small heat pump for household applications, with a hot water tank, which is fed by the evaporator of the heat pump with heat energy.
Die Rückgewinnung von Abwasserwärme wird bei aus der Praxis bekannten Vorrichtungen meist durch Nassdampfkreisprozesse realisiert. Der hierbei eingesetzte Kompressor erwärmt sich im Betrieb in der Regel auf Temperaturen im Bereich zwischen etwa 70°C und 90°C, die somit meist erheblich höher sind als die bei maximal 60 Grad liegende Temperatur des Warmwasserspeichers. Aufgrund dieser erhöhten Temperatur gibt der Kompressor nennenswerte Wärme an die Umgebung ab, die ohne Weiteres mehr als 50 Watt betragen kann. Diese Kompressorwärme geht somit verloren, so dass die Klein-Wärmepumpe keine ausreichend hohe Effizienz für einen wirtschaftlichen Betrieb erreicht. The recovery of waste heat is usually realized in known from the practice devices by wet steam cycle. The compressor used in this heats up during operation usually to temperatures in the range between about 70 ° C and 90 ° C, which are thus usually much higher than the maximum of 60 degrees lying temperature of the hot water tank. Due to this elevated temperature, the compressor releases significant heat to the environment, which can easily be more than 50 watts. This compressor heat is lost so that the small heat pump does not achieve sufficiently high efficiency for economical operation.
Aus der EP 0 1 14 583 A2 ist bereits eine Lösung bekannt, bei welcher der Kompressor direkt mit dem Warmwasserbehälter verbunden ist. Damit wird zwar erreicht, dass während des Betriebs des Kompressors Wärme vom Kompressor an den Warmwasserspeicher abgegeben wird; in der meist längeren Stehzeit des Kompressors fließt dann jedoch in umgekehrter Richtung Wärme aus dem Warmwasserbehälter in den jetzt kälteren Kompressor ab, wodurch Nutzwärme in nennenswertem Umfang verloren geht. Um dies zu vermeiden, befindet sich der Kompressor bei einer Vorrichtung gemäß US-Patent 4,448,347 sogar innerhalb des Warmwasserspeichers, wodurch zwar eine bessere Abwärmenutzung ermöglicht wird, dafür jedoch der Aufbau deutlich aufwendiger und somit kostenintensiver ist. Zusätzlich vergrößern sich hierdurch die Oberfläche des Warmwasserspeichers und damit der Wärmeverlust an die Umgebung. Hiervon ausgehend liegt der Erfindung die Aufgabe zugrunde, die Abwärme des Kompressors auf eine einfache und wirtschaftliche Weise zu nutzen, um somit eine effizientere Arbeitsweise bei der Abwasserwärmerückgewinnung zu erreichen. From EP 0 1 14 583 A2, a solution is already known in which the compressor is connected directly to the hot water tank. This is indeed achieved that during operation of the compressor heat is discharged from the compressor to the hot water tank; However, in the usually longer idle time of the compressor then flows in the reverse direction heat from the hot water tank in the now colder compressor from, whereby useful heat is lost to a significant extent. To avoid this, the compressor is in a device according to US Patent 4,448,347 even within the hot water tank, which although a better waste heat utilization is made possible, but the structure is much more expensive and therefore more expensive. In addition, this increases the surface of the hot water tank and thus the heat loss to the environment. On this basis, the present invention seeks to use the waste heat of the compressor in a simple and economical way, thus achieving a more efficient operation in wastewater heat recovery.
Diese Aufgabe wird nach der Erfindung dadurch gelöst, dass der Warmwasserspeicher mit dem Kompressor der Wärmepumpe über wenigstens eine Heatpipe in thermischer Verbindung steht, wobei der Warmwasserspeicher oberhalb des Kompressors angeordnet ist und wobei die wenigstens eine Heatpipe einem Abführen von beim Betrieb des Kompressors anfallender Abwärme hin zum Warmwasserspeicher dient. Die hierdurch erreichten Vorteile bestehen im Wesentlichen darin, dass zusätzlich zu der mittels des Verdampfers übertragenen Wärmemenge auch die beim Betrieb des Kompressors der Wärmepumpe an diesem entstehende Abwärme übertragen werden kann, wobei, wie bekannt, diese Heatpipes oder auch Wärmerohre bei geeigneter Anordnung und Ausführung große Wärmemengen transportieren können, soweit sich die Wärmequelle, hier also der Kompressor, am tieferen Ende der Heatpipe und die Wärmesenke, hier also der Warmwasserspeicher, am höheren Ende befindet. Diese Heatpipes sind üblicherweise mit einer leicht verdampfenden Flüssigkeit gefüllt, welche sich im Bereich des unteren Endes sammelt. Wird dieser Bereich erwärmt, so verdampft die Flüssigkeit und der Dampf verteilt sich im gesamten Rohr; im kälteren oberen Bereich kondensiert der Dampf und das Kondensat läuft aufgrund des Gefälles wieder nach unten. Durch Verdampfen und Kondensieren werden - ohne äußeren Antrieb - große Wärmeströme transportiert. This object is achieved according to the invention in that the hot water tank is in thermal communication with the compressor of the heat pump via at least one heat pipe, wherein the hot water tank is disposed above the compressor and wherein the at least one heat pipe to a discharge of waste heat during operation of the compressor to the hot water tank is used. The advantages achieved thereby are essentially that in addition to the amount of heat transferred by the evaporator and the heat generated during operation of the compressor of the heat pump can be transmitted to this, which, as is known, these heat pipes or heat pipes with a suitable arrangement and design large Can transport quantities of heat, as far as the heat source, here the compressor, at the lower end of the heat pipe and the heat sink, in this case the hot water tank, located at the higher end. These heatpipes are usually filled with a slightly evaporating liquid, which collects in the region of the lower end. If this area is heated, the liquid evaporates and the steam is distributed throughout the pipe; in the colder upper area condenses the steam and the condensate runs down again due to the gradient. By evaporation and condensation - without external drive - large heat flows are transported.
Wird dagegen das obere Ende erwärmt, so kann ein Wärmetransport nur aufgrund der Wärmeleitung in der dünnen Rohrwand erfolgen; da die Flüssigkeit sich unten befindet, findet keine Verdampfung und somit auch keine Kondensation statt. Damit ist der Wärmestrom vom oberen zum unteren Ende erheblich kleiner, so dass in der Folge bei ausgeschaltetem Kompressor die Wärme im Warmwasserspeicher verbleibt. Um einen möglichst optimalen Wirkungsgrad zu erreichen, schlägt die Erfindung weiter vor, dass die Heatpipe im guten Wärmekontakt mittels einer einseitig oder beidseitig unlösbaren Verbindung durch Verkleben, Schweißen oder Löten mit dem Warmwasserspeicher bzw. dem Kompressor verbunden ist. Es ist im Rahmen der Erfindung jedoch ebenso möglich, dass die Heatpipe in gutem Wärmekontakt mittels einer einseitig oder beidseitig lösbaren Verbindung über fest am Warmwasserspeicher bzw. dem Kompressor angeschlossene Klemmstücke oder vergleichbare Anschlussmittel verbunden ist. Diese Lösung erlaubt flexiblere Aufbaumöglichkeiten der Vorrichtung; insbesondere ist auch eine leichtere Demontage zu Zwecken der Wartung möglich. If, on the other hand, the upper end is heated, then heat transfer can only take place due to the heat conduction in the thin tube wall; since the liquid is at the bottom, there is no evaporation and thus no condensation. Thus, the heat flow from the upper to the lower end is considerably smaller, so that in the sequence when the compressor is switched off, the heat remains in the hot water tank. In order to achieve the best possible efficiency, the invention further proposes that the heat pipe is connected in good thermal contact by means of a unilaterally or bilaterally unsolvable connection by gluing, welding or soldering to the hot water tank or the compressor. However, it is within the scope of the invention also possible that the heat pipe is connected in good thermal contact by means of a unilaterally or bilaterally releasable connection via fixed to the hot water tank or the compressor connected clamping pieces or similar connection means. This solution allows more flexible design options of the device; In particular, an easier disassembly for the purpose of maintenance is possible.
Weiter ist es von Vorteil, wenn die Heatpipes aus zumindest bereichsweise elastisch ausgebildeten Rohren bestehen. Dies erlaubt zunächst eine weitgehend freie Wahl der Positionen von Warmwasserspeicher und Kompressor, wobei lediglich vorausgesetzt wird, dass der Kompressor tiefer angeordnet ist als der Warmwasserspeicher. Durch die elastische Ausbildung der Rohre der Heatpipes können die im Betrieb auftretenden Vibrationen des Kompressors leichter abgefangen werden, so dass diese nicht auf den Speicher übertragen werden. Dies ermöglicht insgesamt einen leiseren Betrieb der Vorrichtung. Further, it is advantageous if the heat pipes consist of at least partially elastically formed tubes. This initially allows a largely free choice of positions of hot water tank and compressor, only assuming that the compressor is located lower than the hot water tank. Due to the elastic design of the pipes of the heat pipes, the vibrations occurring during operation of the compressor can be absorbed more easily, so that they are not transmitted to the memory. This allows for a total quieter operation of the device.
Um des Weiteren Wärmeverluste an die Umgebung zu vermeiden, empfiehlt es sich, dass der Kompressor, die Heatpipes sowie der Warmwasserspeicher von einer gemeinsamen Isolierung umschlossen sind. To further avoid heat loss to the environment, it is recommended that the compressor, the heat pipes and the hot water tank are surrounded by a common insulation.
Hierbei ist es insbesondere weiter vorteilhaft, dass die Isolierung mit einer Infrarotstrahlung reflektierenden Beschichtung versehen ist, so dass keine Strahlungswärme durch die Isolierung verloren gehen kann. Als Material für die Beschichtung bietet sich insbesondere Aluminium an. In this case, it is also particularly advantageous that the insulation is provided with a coating reflecting infrared radiation, so that no radiant heat can be lost through the insulation. As a material for the coating is particularly suitable for aluminum.
Um darüber hinaus bereits eine Abstrahlung der im Kompressor entstehenden Wärme gering zu halten, empfiehlt es sich weiter, dass der Kompressor eine metallisch glänzende, strahlungsarme Oberfläche aufweist. Diese Oberfläche besteht zweckmäßigerweise aus korrosionsbeständigem Material wie Aluminium oder Chrom. Im Folgenden wird die Erfindung an einem in der Zeichnung dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel näher erläutert; die einzige Figur zeigt eine Vorrichtung nach der Erfindung in schematischer Darstellung. In order to keep even a radiation of heat generated in the compressor low, it is further recommended that the compressor has a shiny metallic, low-radiation surface. This surface is expediently made of corrosion-resistant material such as aluminum or chromium. In the following the invention will be explained in more detail in an embodiment shown in the drawing; the single figure shows a device according to the invention in a schematic representation.
Die in der Zeichnung nur schematisch wiedergegebene Vorrichtung dient zur Warmwasserbereitung, wobei mittels einer Wärmepumpe eine Wärmerückgewinnung aus dem vorzugsweise bei Haushaltsanwendungen entstehenden Abwasser erfolgt. Diese Wärmepumpe besteht in üblicher Weise aus einem Kompressor 1 sowie einem im einzelnen nicht wiedergegebenen Verdampfer, ferner aus einem in der Zeichnung ebenfalls nicht näher dargestellten Kondensator sowie einer Drossel. Solche in Form einer Klein-Wärmepumpe ausgebildeten Vorrichtungen sind insbesondere für Haushaltsanwendungen einsetzbar. The only schematically reproduced in the drawing device is used for hot water, wherein by means of a heat pump, a heat recovery from the resulting preferably in household wastewater. This heat pump consists in a conventional manner of a compressor 1 and a not shown in detail evaporator, further from a likewise not shown in the drawing capacitor and a throttle. Such trained in the form of a small heat pump devices are particularly suitable for household applications.
Weiter ist ein Warmwasserspeicher 2 vorgesehen, der durch den Verdampfer der Wärmepumpe mit Wärmeenergie gespeist wird. Der Warmwasserspeicher 2 ist mit in der Zeichnung ebenfalls nur angedeuteten Anschlüssen 3 für das Wasser einerseits sowie den Kältekreislauf andererseits eingerichtet, wobei die Anschlüsse 3 in der Zeichnung der Übersichtlichkeit wegen nicht im Einzelnen verbunden sind. Next, a hot water tank 2 is provided, which is fed by the evaporator of the heat pump with heat energy. The hot water tank 2 is set up with in the drawing also only indicated connections 3 for the water on the one hand and the refrigeration circuit on the other hand, the terminals 3 in the drawing for clarity are not connected in detail.
Der Warmwasserspeicher 2 steht mit dem Kompressor 1 der Wärmepumpe über zwei sog. Heatpipes 4 in thermischer Verbindung, wobei die Anordnung so gewählt ist, dass der Warmwasserspeicher 2 oberhalb des Kompressors 1 angeordnet ist. Diese Heatpipes 4 oder auch Wärmerohre sind mit einer leicht verdampfenden Flüssigkeit gefüllt, die sich im unteren Bereich sammelt. Wird dieser untere Bereich erwärmt, hier durch den Kompressor 1 , so verdampft die Flüssigkeit und der Dampf verteilt sich im gesamten Rohr, wobei dieser Dampf im kälteren oberen Bereich wieder kondensiert und dort die Kondensationswärme abgibt. The hot water tank 2 is connected to the compressor 1 of the heat pump via two so-called. Heatpipes 4 in thermal communication, wherein the arrangement is selected so that the hot water tank 2 is disposed above the compressor 1. These heatpipes 4 or heat pipes are filled with a slightly evaporating liquid, which collects in the lower area. If this lower area is heated, here by the compressor 1, the liquid evaporates and the steam is distributed throughout the pipe, this steam condenses again in the colder upper area and there releases the heat of condensation.
Diese Art der Wärmeübertragung sorgt dafür, dass ein Wärmetransport im Wesentlichen von unten nach oben erfolgt, da sich im oberen Bereich keine Flüssigkeit befindet, die verdampfen könnte. Ein Wärmetransport von oben nach unten findet daher nur über Wärmeleitung durch das Wärmerohr statt. Dieser Anteil ist jedoch vergleichsweise sehr gering. Dies führt im Ergebnis dazu, dass der im Betrieb sich über der Temperatur des Warmwasserspeichers 2 befindende Kompressor 1 Wärme an den Warmwasserspeicher 2 abgibt. Schaltet der Kompressor 1 dagegen ab, so wird wegen der im Wesentlichen unidirektionalen Wärmeübertragung durch die Heatpipes 4 verhindert, dass Wärme vom Warmwasserbehälter zu dem dann kühleren Kompressor 1 abströmen kann. This type of heat transfer ensures that a heat transfer essentially from bottom to top, as there is no liquid in the upper area, which could evaporate. A heat transfer from top to bottom therefore takes place only via heat conduction through the heat pipe. However, this proportion is comparatively very low. As a result, the compressor 1 in operation above the temperature of the hot water storage tank 2 transfers heat to the hot water storage tank 2 delivers. Turns off the compressor 1, however, it is prevented because of the substantially unidirectional heat transfer through the heat pipes 4 that heat from the hot water tank to the then cooler compressor 1 can flow.
Um eine optimale Wärmeübertragung zu erreichen, stehen die beiden Heatpipes 4 im guten Wärmekontakt mit dem Warmwasserspeicher 2 bzw. dem Kompressor 1 , wobei dieser Wärmekontakt entweder in einer unlösbaren Verbindung durch Verkleben, Schweißen oder Löten bestehen kann oder aber auch in einer lösbaren Verbindung, wobei dann am Warmwasserspeicher 2 bzw. am Kompressor 1 fest angeschlossene Klemmstücke 5 oder vergleichbare Anschlussmittel vorgesehen sind, die das Ende der Heatpipes 4 in sich aufnehmen. In order to achieve optimum heat transfer, the two heat pipes 4 are in good thermal contact with the hot water tank 2 and the compressor 1, wherein this thermal contact either in a non-detachable connection by gluing, welding or soldering can be made or in a detachable connection, said are then provided on the hot water tank 2 and the compressor 1 firmly connected clamping pieces 5 or comparable connection means that receive the end of the heat pipes 4 in itself.
Die Heatpipes 4 können in in der Zeichnung nicht näher dargestellter Weise aus zumindest bereichsweise elastisch ausgebildeten Rohren bestehen, wodurch einerseits eine einfachere Montage sowie eine weitgehend freie Wahl der Position von Warmwasserspeicher 2 zum Kompressor 1 möglich ist. Zusätzlich können die elastischen Rohre die im Betrieb auftretenden Vibrationen des Kompressors 1 abfangen, so dass diese nicht auf den Speicher übertragen werden, wodurch ein insgesamt leiserer Betrieb möglich ist. In ebenfalls nicht näher dargestellter Weise werden der Kompressor 1 , die Heatpipes 4 sowie der Warmwasserspeicher 2 üblicherweise gegen Wärmeverlust mit einer Isolierung versehen sein, wobei diese Isolierung so ausgebildet sein kann, dass der Kompressor 1 , die Heatpipes 4 sowie der Warmwasserspeicher 2 gemeinsam von ihr umschlossen sind. Um auch die Strahlungswärme innerhalb der Isolierung abzuschirmen, kann diese Isolierung mit einer Infrarotstrahlung reflektierenden Beschichtung versehen sein. Für diese Beschichtung bietet sich insbesondere Aluminium an. Um darüber hinaus eine Emission von Infrarotstrahlung aus dem Kompressor 1 möglichst gering zu halten, sollte dieser nicht - wie üblich - schwarz lackiert sein, sondern eine metallisch glänzende, strahlungsarme Oberfläche aufweisen. Hierfür bietet sich insbesondere korrosionsbeständiges Material wie Aluminium oder Chrom an. The heat pipes 4 can consist of at least partially elastically formed tubes in the drawing, not shown in detail, whereby on the one hand a simpler installation and a largely free choice of position of hot water tank 2 to the compressor 1 is possible. In addition, the elastic tubes can intercept the vibrations of the compressor 1 that occur during operation, so that they are not transmitted to the memory, whereby an overall quieter operation is possible. In likewise not shown manner, the compressor 1, the heat pipes 4 and the hot water tank 2 will usually be provided against heat loss with insulation, this insulation can be designed so that the compressor 1, the heat pipes 4 and the hot water tank 2 together from her are enclosed. In order to shield also the radiant heat within the insulation, this insulation can be provided with an infrared radiation reflecting coating. Aluminum is particularly suitable for this coating. In order to keep as low as possible an emission of infrared radiation from the compressor 1, this should not - as usual - be painted black, but have a shiny metallic, low-radiation surface. Particularly suitable for this purpose is corrosion-resistant material such as aluminum or chromium.

Claims

PATENTANSPRÜCHE
1. Vorrichtung zur Warmwasserbereitung durch Abwasserwärmerückgewinnung mittels einer einen Kompressor (1 ) sowie einen Verdampfer aufweisenden Wärmepumpe, insbesondere mittels einer Klein-Wärmepumpe für Haushaltsanwendungen, mit einem Warmwasserspeicher (2), der durch den Verdampfer der Wärmepumpe mit Wärmeenergie gespeist wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Warmwasserspeicher (2) mit dem Kompressor (1 ) der Wärmepumpe über wenigstens eine Heatpipe (4) in thermischer Verbindung steht, wobei der Warmwasserspeicher (2) oberhalb des Kompressors (1 ) angeordnet ist und wobei die wenigstens eine Heatpipe (4) einem Abführen von beim Betrieb des Kompressors (1 ) anfallender Abwärme hin zum Warmwasserspeicher (2) dient. 1. Apparatus for hot water preparation by wastewater heat recovery by means of a compressor (1) and an evaporator having heat pump, in particular by means of a small heat pump for domestic applications, with a hot water tank (2), which is fed by the evaporator of the heat pump with heat energy, characterized in that the hot water storage tank (2) is in thermal communication with the compressor (1) of the heat pump via at least one heat pipe (4), the hot water storage tank (2) being arranged above the compressor (1) and the at least one heat pipe (4) Discharging from the operation of the compressor (1) resulting waste heat to the hot water tank (2) is used.
2. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Heatpipe in gutem Wärmekontakt mittels einer einseitig oder beidseitig unlösbaren Verbindung durch Verkleben, Schweißen oder Löten mit dem Warmwasserspeicher (2) bzw. dem Kompressor (1 ) verbunden ist. 2. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the heat pipe in good thermal contact by means of a unilaterally or bilaterally unsolvable connection by gluing, welding or soldering to the hot water tank (2) or the compressor (1) is connected.
3. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Heatpipe in gutem Wärmekontakt mittels einer einseitig oder beidseitig lösbaren Verbindung über fest am Warmwasserspeicher (2) bzw. dem Kompressor (1 ) angeschlossene Klemmstücke (5) oder vergleichbaren Anschlussmitteln verbunden ist. 3. A device according to claim 1, characterized in that the heat pipe in good thermal contact by means of a unilaterally or bilaterally releasable connection via fixed to the hot water tank (2) or the compressor (1) connected clamping pieces (5) or comparable connection means is connected.
4. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Heatpipes (4) aus zumindest bereichsweise elastisch ausgebildeten Rohren bestehen. 4. Device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the heat pipes (4) consist of at least partially elastically formed tubes.
5. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Kompressor (1 ), die Heatpipes (4) sowie der Warmwasserspeicher (2) gegen Wärmeverlust mit einer Isolierung versehen sind. 5. Device according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the compressor (1), the heat pipes (4) and the hot water tank (2) are provided against heat loss with an insulation.
6. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Kompressor (1 ), die Heatpipes (4) sowie der Warmwasserspeicher (2) von einer gemeinsamen Isolierung umschlossen sind. 6. Apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that the compressor (1), the heat pipes (4) and the hot water tank (2) are enclosed by a common insulation.
7. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 5 oder 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Isolierung mit einer Infrarotstrahlung reflektierenden Beschichtung versehen ist. 7. Apparatus according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that the insulation is provided with a reflective infrared radiation coating.
8. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Beschichtung aus Aluminium besteht. 8. The device according to claim 7, characterized in that the coating consists of aluminum.
9. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Kompressor (1 ) eine metallisch glänzende, strahlungsarme Oberfläche aufweist. 9. Device according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the compressor (1) has a shiny metallic, low-radiation surface.
10. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Oberfläche aus korrosionsbeständigem Material wie Aluminium oder Chrom besteht. 10. The device according to claim 9, characterized in that the surface consists of corrosion-resistant material such as aluminum or chromium.
EP11721528.5A 2010-06-09 2011-05-26 Device for preparing hot water by recovering heat from waste water Withdrawn EP2580529A2 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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DE102010029880A DE102010029880A1 (en) 2010-06-09 2010-06-09 Vorrichtug for hot water preparation by wastewater heat recovery
PCT/EP2011/058614 WO2011154264A2 (en) 2010-06-09 2011-05-26 Device for preparing hot water by recovering heat from waste water

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EP (1) EP2580529A2 (en)
JP (1) JP2013528281A (en)
CN (1) CN102933908A (en)
DE (1) DE102010029880A1 (en)
RU (1) RU2012153790A (en)
WO (1) WO2011154264A2 (en)

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WO2011154264A2 (en) 2011-12-15
CN102933908A (en) 2013-02-13
JP2013528281A (en) 2013-07-08
US20130145788A1 (en) 2013-06-13
WO2011154264A3 (en) 2012-11-22
DE102010029880A1 (en) 2011-12-15

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